^       LIB  RA  FLY 
OF   THL 
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or    ILLl  NOIS 


L 


IlLINOIS  HISTORICAL  SUDVEV 


\ 


Jl 


THE 


PAST  AND   PRESENT 


OF 


WOODFORD  COUNTY, 


iLLiisrois, 


CONTAINING 


A  History  of  the  County — its  Cities,  Towns,  &c. ;  a  Directory  of  its 
Tax-Payers;  War  Record  of  its  Volunteers  in  the  Late  Re- 
bellion; Portraits  of  Early  Settlers  and  Prominent  Men  ; 
General  and  Local  Statistics;  Map  of  Woodford 
County;    History     of   Illinois,    Illustrated; 
History  of  the  Northwest,  Illustrated ; 
Constitution  of  the  United  States, 
Miscellaneous  Matters, 
&c.,  &c. 


ILXjTJSTia.A.TEID. 


CHICAGO: 
WM.  LE  BARON,  JE.,  &  CO.,  186  DEARBORN  STREET. 

1878. 


PREFACE. 


In  presenting  our  History  of  Woodford  County,  we  deem  a  few  prefatory  words 
necessary.  We  have  spared  neither  pains  nor  expense  to  fiilfill  our  engagement  with 
our  patrons  and  make  the  work  as  complete  as  possible.  We  have  acted  upon  the 
principle  that  justice  to  those  who  have  subscribed,  be  they  few  or  many,  requires  that 
the  work  should  be  as  well  done  as  if  it  was  patronized  by  every  citizen  in  the  county. 
We  do  not  claim  that  our  work  is  entirely  free  from  errors ;  such  a  result  could  not  be 
attained  by  the  utmost  care  and  forsight  of  ordinary  mortals.  The  County  History  was 
compiled  by  our  historians,  W.  H.  Perrin  and  H.  H.  Hill.  Some  of  the  Township  His- 
tories are  indeed  longer  than  others,  as  the  townships  are  older,  containing  larger  cities 
and  towns,  and  have  been  the  scenes  of  more  important  and  interesting  events.  While 
fully  recognizing  this  important  difference,  the  historians  have  sought  to  write  up  each 
township  with  equal  fidelity  to  the  facts  and  information  within  their  reach.  We  take 
this  occasion  to  present  our  thanks  to  all  our  numerous  subscribers  for  their  patronage 
and  encouragement  in  the  publication  of  the  work.  In  this  confident  belief,  we  submit 
it  to  the  enlightened  judgment  of  those  for  whose  benefit  it  has  been  prepared,  believing 
that  it  will  be  received  as  a  most  valuable  and  complete  work. 

THE  PUBLISHERS. 


Clllf'Afio: 

Cl'LVKR,   l-A(iE,    IIOYNE   *   CO.,   PKl.NTERS, 

118  >n4  13<  MonrM  Strcrl. 


CONTENTS. 


Page. 

History  Northwest  Territory 19 

Geographical ;. 19 

Early  Exploration 20 

Discovery  of  the  Ohio 33 

English    Explorations   and   Settle- 
ments    35 

American  Settlements 60 

Division  of  the   Northwest  Terri- 
tory   66 

fecumseh  and  the  war  of  1812 70 

Black  Hawk  and  the  Black  Hawk 
War 74 


HIJiTORICAIi. 

Page. 

Other  Indian  Trouhles 79 

Present  Condition  of  the  Northwest  87 

Illinois 99 

Indiana 101 

Iowa 102 

Michigan 103 

Wisconsin 104 

Minnesota 106 

Nebraska 107 

History  of  Illinois 109 

Coal 125 

Compact  of  1787 117 


Page. 

History  of  Chicago 132 

Early  Discoveries 109 

Early  Settlements •. 115 

Education 129 

First  French  Occupation 112 

Genius  of  La  Salle 113 

Material  Resources 124 

Massacre  of  Fort  Dearborn 141 

Physical  Features 121 

Progress  of  Development 123 

Religion  and  Morals 128 

War  Record  of  Illinois 130 


IL.IilJSTRATIONS. 


Page. 

Source  of  the  Mississippi 21 

Mouth  of  the  Mississippi 21 

Wild  Prairie 23 

La  Salle  Landing  on  the  Shore  of 

Green  Bay 25 

Buffalo  Hunt 27 

Trapping 29 

Hunting 32 

Iroquois  Chief. 34 

Pontiac,  the  Ottawa  Chieftain 43 

Indians  Attacking  Frontiersmen...  56 

A  Prairie  Storm 59 

A  Pioneer  Dwelling 61 

Breaking  Prairie 63 


Page. 
Tecumseh,  the  Shawnee  Chieftain...  69 

Indians  Attacking  a  Stockade 72 

Black  Hawk,  the  Sac  Chieftain 75 

Big  Eagle 80 

Captain  Jack,  tlie  Modoc  Chieftain..  83 

Kinzie  House 85 

Village  Residence 86 

A  Representative  Pioneer 87 

Lincoln  Monument,  Springfield,  111.  88 

A  Pioneer  School  House 89 

Farm  View  in  the  Winter 90 

High  Bridge  and  Lake  Bluff 94 

Great  Iron  Bridge  of  Chicago,  Rock 
Island  &  Pacific  Railroad,  Cross- 


Paoe. 

ing  the  River  at  Davenport.  Iowa  96. 

A  Western  Dwelling 100 

Hunting    Prairie    Wolves    at    an 

Early  Day 108 

Starved  Rock,  on  the  Illinois  River, 

La  Salle  County,  111 110 

An  Early  Settlement 116 

Chicago  in  1833 133 

Old  Fort  Dearbon  in  1830 136 

Present  site  of  Lake  Street  Bridge, 

Chicago,  in  1833 136 

Pioneers'  First  Winter 142 

View  of  the  City  of  Chicago 144 

Shabbona 149 


IVOODFORD    COUUTY   HISTORY. 


Page. 
Qeneral  History  of  Woodford  Co. ..223 

Cazenovia  Township 351 

Clayton  "         375 

Cruger  "        310 

El  Paso  "        409 

Greene  "         342 


Page. 

Kansas  Township 467 

Linn  •'         375 

Metamora     "        267 

Minonk         "         425 

Montgomery  Township 448 

Olio  "        318 


Page 

Palestine  Township 436 

Panola  "        400 

Partridge         •'         392 

Roanoke  "        333 

Spring  Bay      "         296 

Worth  "        363 


L,lTHO©RAPHIi;    PORTRAITS. 


Page. 

Briggs,  J.  Albert 329 

Cassell,  R.  T 239 

Cole,  Frederick 365 

Cavan,  Oliver  A 437 

Davison,  S.  R 419 

Fort,  J.  M 311 


Page. 

Guibert,  Louis  A 186 

Hoshor,  Jefferson 204 

Jaj'nes,  James 401 

Meek,  Henry  B 168 

Miindell,  Abncr ....383 

Page,  John 221 


Page. 

Page,  Adino 257 

Page,  John  W 275 

Snyder,  John 465 

Willard,  P.  II 347 

Whitmire,  James  8 293 

Wagner,  Michael 473 


WOODFORD    COITNTY    WAR    RECORD. 


Infantry.. 


Page.  I                                                         Page.  I 
463  I  Cavalry 486  |  Artillery 


Page. 
.  ...488 


4f^^^ 


("? 


^'^ 


CONTENTS. 


Paoe. 

Cazenovia  Township 627 

Cla>ton  '•  588  , 

Cruger  "  53G 

EI  Paso  "  515  ' 

Greene  "  558  [ 

Kansas  "  Co8 


TOIVXSIIIP    DIRECTORY. 

Page. 

Linn  Townsoip 582 

(  Metamora  "     489 

Mlnonk        "     547 

Montgomery  Township 010 

Olio  "  "        594 

Palestine  "         C52 


Page 

Panola  Township 5k8 

I'artridgf*     "        647 

Roanoke       "         573 

Spring  Bay  "        532 

Worth  "        615 


ABSTRACT    OF    II^LIXOIS    STATE    LAWS. 


Page. 

Adoption  of  Children 16u 

Bills  of  E.xchange  and  Promissory        , 

Notes 151  I 

County  Courts 155 

Conveyances 164 

Church  Organizations 189 

Descent 151 

Deeds  and  Moi  gages 157 

Drainage 163 

Damages  from  Trespass 169 

Definition  of  Commercial  Terms 173 

Exemptions  from  Forced  Sale 156 

Estrays 157 

Fences 168 

Forms: 

Articles  of  Agreement 175 

Bills  of  Purchase 174 

Bills  of  Sale 176 

Bonds 176 


Page. 

Chattel  Mortgages 177 

Codicil 189 

Lease  of  Farm   and   Build- 
ings  179 

Lease  of  House 180 

Landlord's  Agreement 180 

Notes 174 

Notice  Tenant  to  Quit 181 

Orders 174 

Quit  Claim  Deed 185 

Receipt 174 

Real  Estate  Mortgaged  to  Secure 

Payment  of  Money 181 

Release 186 

Tenant's  Agreement 180 

Tenant's  Notice  to  Quit 181 

Warranty  Deed 182 

Will 187 


Paoe. 

Game 1.58 

Interest 151 

Jurisdiction  of  Courts 154 

Limitation  of  Action 155 

Landlord  and  Tenant., 169 

Liens 172 

Married  Women 155 

Millers 159 

Marks  and  Brands 159 

Paupers 164 

Roads  and  Bridges 161 

Surveyors  and  Surveys 160 

Suggestions  to  Persons  Purchasing 

Books  by  Subscription 190 

Taxes 154 

Wills  and  Estates 152 

Weights  and  Measures 158 

Wolf  Scalps 164 


Page.  | 

Map  of  Woodford  County Front  | 

Constitution  of  the  U.  S 192  I 

Electors  of  President  and  Vice  Pres-        I 

ident 206  \ 

Practical  Rules  for  Every  Day  Use.207  i 
U.  S.  Government  Land  Measure. ..210 
Agricultural   Productions  of   lUi-       I 

nois  by  Counties,  1870 210  ' 

Surveyors"  Measure 211 

How  to  Keep  Accounts 211 

Interest  Table 212 


MISC£L.IiAXEOUS. 

Page. 

Miscellaneous  Tables 212 

Names  of  the  States  of  the  Union 
and  their  Signification 213 

Population  of  the  United  States 214 

Population  of  Fifty  Principal  Cities 
of  the  United  States 214 

Population  and  Area  of  the  United 
States 215 

Population  of  the  Principal  Coun- 
tries in  the  World 215 

Population  of  Illinois 216-217 


Page. 

State  Laws  Relating  to  Interest 218 

State  Laws  Belrting  to  Limitations 

of  Actions 219 

Productions  of  Agriculture  of  Illi- 
nois  220 

Report  of  Crops  in  Woodford  Co...  462 

Population  of  Woodford  Co 462 

Business  Directory 661 

Assessors'   Report 668 


The    Northwest    Territory. 


GEOGRAPHICAL    POSITION. 

When  the  Northwestern  Territory  was  ceded  to  the  United  States 
by  Virginia  in  1784,  it  embraced  only  the  territory  lying  between  the 
Ohio  and  the  Mississippi  Rivers,  and  north  to  the  northern  limits  of  the 
United  States.  It  coincided  with  the  area  now  embraced  in  the  States 
of  Ohio,  Indiana,  Michigan,  Illinois,  Wisconsin,  and  that  portion  of 
Minnesota  lying  on  the  east  side  of  the  Mississippi  River.  The  United 
States  itself  at  that  period  extended  no  farther  west  than  the  Mississippi 
River;  but  by  the  purchase  of  Louisiana  in  1803,  the  western  boundary 
of  the  United  States  was  extended  to  the  Rocky  Mountains  and  the 
Northern  Pacific  Ocean.  The  new  territory  thus  added  to  the  National 
domain,  and  subsequently  opened  to  settlement,  has  been  called  the 
"  New  Northwest,"  in  contradistinction  from  the  old  "  Northwestern 
Territory." 

In  comparison  with  the  old  Northwest  this  is  a  territory  of  vast 
magnitude.  It  includes  an  area  of  1,887,850  square  miles  ;  being  greater 
in  extent  than  the  united  areas  of  all  the  Middle  and  Southern  States, 
including  Texas.  Out  of  this  magnificent  territory  have  been  erected 
eleven  sovereign  States  and  eight  Territories,  with  an  aggregate  popula- 
tion, at  the  present  time,  of  13,000,000  inhabitants,  or  nearly  one  third  of 
the  entire  population  of  the  United  States. 

Its  lakes  are  fresh-water  seas,  and  the  larger  rivers  of  the  continent 
flow  for  a  thousand  miles  through  its  rich  alluvial  valleys  and  far- 
stretching  prairies,  more  acres  of  which  are  arable  and  productive  of  the 
highest  percentage  of  the  cereals  than  of  any  other  area  of  like  extent 
on  the  globe. 

I  For  the  last  twenty  years  the  increase  of  population  in  the  North- 

west has  been  about  as  three  to  one  in  any  other  portion  of  the  United 
States. 

(19) 


20  THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


EARLY    EXPLORATIONS. 


In  the  year  1541,  DeSoto  first  saw  the  Great  West  in  the  New 
World.  He,  however,  penetrated  no  farther  north  than  the  35th  parallel 
of  latitude.  The  expedition  resulted  in  his  death  and  that  of  more  than 
half  his  army,  the  remainder  of  whom  found  their  way  to  Cuba,  thence 
to  Spain,  in  a  famished  and  demoralized  condition.  DeSoto  founded"  no 
settlements,  produced  no  results,  and  left  no  traces,  unless  it  were  that 
he  awakened  the  hostility  of  the  red  man  against  the  white  man,  and 
disheartened  such  as  might  desire  to  follow  up  the  career  of  discovery 
for  better  purposes.  The  French  nation  were  eager  and  ready  to  seize 
upon  any  news  from  this  extensive  domain,  and  were  the  first  to  profit  by 
DeSoto's  defeat.  Yet  it  was  more  than  a  century  before  any  adventurer 
took  advantage  of  these  discoveries. 

In  1616,  four  years  before  the  pilgrims  "  moored  their  bark  on  the 
wild  New  England  shore,"  Le  Caron,  a  French  Franciscan,  had  pene- 
trated through  the  Iroquois  and  Wyandots  (^Hurons)  to  the  streams  which 
run  into  Lake  Huron  ;  and  in  1634,  two  Jesuit  missionaries  founded  the 
first  mission  among  the  lake  tribes.  It  was  just  one  hundred  years  from 
the  discovery  of  the  Mississippi  by  DeSoto  (1541)  until  the  Canadian 
envoys  met  the  savage  nations  of  the  Northwest  at  the  Falls  of  St.  Mary, 
below  the  outlet  of  Lake  Superior.  This  visit  led  to  no  permanent 
result;  yet  it  was  not  until  1659  that  any  of  the  adventurous  fur  traders 
attempted  to  spend  a  Winter  in  the  frozen  wilds  about  the  great  lakes, 
nor  was  it  until  1660  that  a  station  was  established  upon  their  borders  by 
Mesnard,  who  perished  in  the  woods  a  few  months  after.  In  1665,  Claude 
Allouez  built  the  earliest  lasting  habitation  of  the  white  man  among  the 
Indians  of  the  Northwest.  In  1668,  Claude  Dablon  and  Jaujes  Marquette 
founded  the  mission  of  Sault  Ste.  Marie  at  the  Falls  of  St.  Mary,  and  two 
years  afterward,  Nicholas  Perrot,  as  agent  for  M.  Talon,  Governor  Gen- 
eral of  Canada,  explored  Lake  Illinois  (Michigan)  as  far  south  as  the 
present  City  of  Chicago,  and  invited  the  Indian  nations  to  meet  him  at  a 
grand  council  at  Sault  Ste.  Marie  the  following  Spring,  where  they  were 
taken  under  the  protection  of  the  king,  and  formal  possession  was  taken 
of  the  Northwest.  This  same  year  Marquette  establislied  a  mission  at 
Point  St.  Ignatius,  where  was  founded  the  old  town  of  Michillimackinac. 

During  M.  Talon's  explorations  and  Marquette's  residence  at  St. 
Ignatius,  they  learned  of  a  great  river  away  to  the  west,  and  fancied 
— as  all  others  did  then — that  upon  its  fertile  banks  whole  tribes  of  God's 
children  resided,  to  whom  the  sound  of  the  Gospel  had  never  come. 
Filled  with  a  wish  to  go  and  preach  to  them,   and  in  compliance  with  a 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


21 


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22  THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITOxxY. 

request  of  M.  Talon,  who  earnestly  desired  to  extend  the  domain  of  his 
king,  and  to  ascertain  whether  the  river  flowed  into  the  Gulf  of  Mexico 
or  the  Pacific  Ocean,  Marquette  with  Joliet,  as  commander  of  the  expe- 
dition, prepared  for  the  undertaking. 

On  the  13th  of  May,  1673,  the  explorers,  accompanied  by  five  assist- 
ant French  Canadians,  set  out  from  Mackinaw  on  their  daring  voyage  of 
discovery.  The  Indians,  who  gathered  to  witness  their  departure,  were 
astonished  at  the  boldness  of  the  undertaking,  and  endeavored  to  dissuade 
them  from  their  purpose  by  representing  the  tribes  on  the  Mississippi  as 
exceedingly  savage  and  cruel,  and  the  river  itself  as  full  of  all  sorts  of 
frightful  monsters  ready  to  swallow  them  and  their  canoes  together.  But, 
nothing  daunted  by  these  terrific  descriptions,  Marquette  told  thera  he 
waS  willing  not  only  to  encounter  all  the  perils  of  the  unknown  region 
they  were  about  to  explore,  but  to  lay  down  his  life  in  a  cause  in  which 
the  salvation  of  souls  was  involved  ;  and  having  prayed  together  they 
separated.  Coasting  along  the  northern  shore  of  Lake  Michigan,  the 
adventurers  entered  Green  Bay,  and  passed  thence  up  the  Fox  River  and 
Lake  Winnebago  to  a  village  of  the  Miamis  and  Kickapoos.  Here  Mar- 
quette was  delighted  to  find  a  beautiful  cross  planted  in  the  middle  of  the 
town  ornamented  with  white  skins,  red  girdles  and  bows  and  arrows, 
which  these  good  people  had  offered  to  the  Great  Manitou,  or  God,  to 
thank  him  for  the  pity  he  had  bestowed  on  them  during  the  Winter  in 
giving  them  an  abundant  "  chase."  This  was  the  farthest  outpost  to 
which  Dablon  and  Allouez  had  extended  their  missionary  labors  the 
year  previous.  Here  Marquette  drank  mineral  waters  and  was  instructed 
in  the  secret  of  a  root  which  cures  the  bite  of  the  venomous  rattlesnake. 
He  assembled  the  chiefs  and  old  men  of  the  village,  and,  pointing  to 
Joliet,  said:  "  My  friend  is  an  envoy  of  France,  to  discover  new  coun- 
tries, and  I  am  an  ambassador  from  God  to  enlighten  them  with  the  truths 
of  the  Gospel."  Two  Miami  guides  were  here  furnished  to  conduct 
them  to  the  Wisconsin  River,  and  they  set  out  from  the  Indian  village  on 
the  10th  of  June,  amidst  a  great  crowd  of  natives  who  had  assembled  to 
witness  their  departure  into  a  region  where  no  white  man  had  ever  yet 
ventured.  The  guides,  having  conducted  them  across  the  portage, 
returned.  The  explorers  launched  their  canoes  upon  the  Wisconsin, 
which  they  descended  to  the  Mississippi  and  proceeded  down  its  unknown 
waters.  What  emotions  must  have  swelled  their  breasts  as  they  struck 
out  into  the  broadening  current  and  became  conscious  that  they  were 
now  upon  the  bosom  of  th3  Father  of  Waters.  The  mystery  was  about 
to  be  lifted  from  the  long-sought  river.  The  scenery  in  that  locality  is 
beautiful,  and  on  that  delightful  seventeenth  of  June  must  have  been 
clad  in  all  its  primeval  loveliness  as  it  had  been  adorned  by  the  hand  of 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


23 


Nature.  Drifting  rapidly,  it  is  said  that  the  bold  bluffs  on  either  hand 
"  reminded  them  of  the  castled  shores  of  their  own  beautiful  rivers  of 
France."  By-and-by,  as  they  drifted  along,  great  herds  of  buffalo  appeared 
on  the  banks.  On  going  to  the  heads  of  the  valley  they  could  see  a 
country  of  the  greatest  beauty  and  fertility,  apparently  destitute  of  inhab- 
itants yet  presenting  the  appearance  of  extensive  manors,  under  the  fas- 
tidious cultivation  of  lordly  proprietors. 


THE    WILD    PRAIRIE. 


On  June  25,  they  went  ashore  and  found  some  fresh  traces  of  men  upon 
the  sand,  and  a  path  which  led  to  the  prairie.  The  men  remained  in  the 
boat,  and  Marquette  and  Joliet  followed  the  path  till  they  discovered  a 
village  on  the  banks  of  a  river,  and  two  other  villages  on  a  hill,  within  a 
half  league  of  the  first,  inhabited  by  Indians.  They  were  received  most 
hospitably  by  these  natives,  who  had  never  before  seen  a  white  person. 
After  remaining  a  few  daj^s  they  re-embarked  and  descended  the  river  to 
about  latitude  33°,  where  they  found  a  village  of  the  Arkansas,  and  being 
satisfied  that  the  river  flowed  into  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  turned  their  course 


24  THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

up  the  river,  and  ascending  the  stream  to  the  mouth  of  the  Illinois, 
rowed  up  that  stream  to  its  source,  and  procured  guides  from  that  point 
to  the  lakes.  "  Nowhere  on  this  journey,"  says  Marquette,  •'  did  we  see 
such  grounds,  meadows,  woods,  stags,  bufifaloes,  deer,  wildcats,  bustards, 
swans,  ducks,  parroquets,  and  even  beavers,  as  on  the  Illinois  River.*' 
The  party,  without  loss  or  injury,  reached  Green  Bay  in  September,  and 
reported  their  discovery — one  of  the  most  important  of  the  age,  but  of 
which  no  record  was  preserved  save  Marquette's,  Joliet  losing  his  by 
the  upsetting  of  his  canoe  on  his  way  to  Quebec.  Afterward  Marquette 
returned  to  the  Illinois  Indians  b}'  their  request,  and  ministered  to  them 
until  1G75.  On  the  18th  of  May,  in  that  year,  as  he  was  passing  the 
mouth  of  a  stream — going  with  his  boatmen  up  Lake  ISIichigan — he  asked 
to  land  at  its  mouth  and  celebrate  Mass.  Leaving  his  men  with  the  canoe, 
he  retired  a  short  distance  and  began  his  devotions.  As  much  time 
passed  and  he  did  not  return,  his  men  went  in  search  of  him,  and  found 
him  upon  his  knees,  dead.  He  had  peacefuU}'  passed  away  .while  at 
prayer.  He  was  buried  at  this  spot.  Charlevoix,  who  visited  the  place 
fifty  years  after,  found  the  waters  had  retreated  from  the  grave,  leaving 
the  beloved  missionary  to  repose  in  peace.  The  river  has  since  been 
called  Marquette. 

While  Marquette  and  his  companions  were  pursuing  their  labors  in 
the  West,  two  men,  differing  widely  from  him  and  each  other,  were  pre- 
paring to  follow  in  his  footsteps  and  perfect  the  discoveries  so  well  begun 
by  him.     These  were  Robert  de  La  Salle  and  Louis  Hennepin. 

After  La  Salle's  return  from  the  discovery  of  the  Ohio  River  (see 
the  narrative  elsewhere),  he  established  himself  again  among  the  French 
trading  posts  in  Canada.  Here  he  mused  long  upon  the  pet  project  of 
those  ages — a  short  way  to  China  and  the  East,  and  was  busily  planning  an 
expedition  up  the  great  lakes,  and  so  across  the  continent  to  the  Pacific, 
when  Marquette  returned  from  the  Mississippi.  At  once  the  vigorous  mind 
of  LaSalle  received  from  his  and  his  companions'  stories  the  idea  that  by  fol- 
lowing the  Great  River  northward,  or  by  turning  up  some  of  the  numerous 
western  tributaries,  the  object  could  easily  be  gained.  He  applied  to 
Frontenac,  Governor  General  of  Canada,  and  laid  before  him  the  plan, 
dim  but  gigantic.  Frontenac  entered  warmly  into  his  plans,  and  saw  that 
LaSalle's  idea  to  connect  the  great  lakes  b}'  a  chain  of  forts  with  the  Gulf 
of  ]\Iexico  would  bind  the  country  so  wonderfully  together,  give  un- 
measured power  to  France,  and  glory  to  himself,  under  whose  adminis- 
tration he  earnestly  hoped  all  would  be  realized. 

LaSalle  now  repaired  to  France,  laid  his  plans  before  the  King,  who 
warmly  approved  of  them,  and  made  him  a  Chevalier.  He  also  received 
from  all  the  noblemen  the  warmest  wishes  for  his  success.     The  Chev- 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


25 


alier  returned  to  Canada,  and  busily  entered  upon  his  work.  He  at 
once  rebuilt  Fort  Frontenac  and  constructed  the  first  ship  to  sail  on 
these  fresh-water  seas.  On  the  7th  of  August,  1679,  having  been  joined 
by  Hennepin,  he  began  his  voyage  in  the  Griffin  up  Lake  Erie.  He 
passed  over  this  lake,  through  the  straits  beyond,  up  Lake  St.  Clair  and 
into  Huron.  In  this  lake  they  encountered  heavy  storms.  They  were 
some  time  at  Michillimackinac,  where  LaSalle  founded  a  fort,  and  passed 
on  to  Green  Bay,  the  "  Bale  des  Puans  "  of  the  French,  where  he  found 
a  large  quantity  of  furs  collected  for  him.  He  loaded  the  Griffin  with 
these,  and   placing  her  under  the    care  of  a  pilot  and   fourteen    sailors, 


LA  SALLE    LANDING    ON    THE    SHORE    OF   GREEN   BAY. 

started  her  on  her  return  voyage.  The  vessel  was  never  afterward  heard 
of.  He  remained  about  these  parts  until  early  in  the  Winter,  when,  hear- 
ing nothing  from  the  Griffin,  he  collected  all  his  men — thirty  working 
men  and  three  monks — and  started  again  upon  his  great  undertaking. 
By  a  short  portage  they  passed  to  the  Illinois  or  Kankakee,  called  by 
the  Indians,  "  Theakeke,"  loolf^  because  of  the  tribes  of  Indians  called 
by  that  name,  commonly  known  as  the  Mahingans,  dwelling  there.  The 
French  pronounced  it  Kiakiki,  which  became  corrupted  to  Kankakee. 
"  Falling  down  the  said  river  by  easy  journeys,  the  better  to  observe  the 
country,"  about  the  last  of  December  they  reached  a  village  of  the 
Illinois  Indians,  containing  some  five  hundred  cabins,  but  at  that  moment 


Ub  THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

no  inhabitants.  The  Seur  de  LaSalle  being  in  want  of  some  breadstuflfs, 
took  advantage  of  the  absence  of  the  Indians  to  help  himself  to  a  suffi- 
ciency of  maize,  large  quantities  of  which  he  found  concealed  in  holes 
under  the  wigwams.  This  village  was  situated  near  the  present  village 
of  Utica  in  LaSalle  County,  Illinois.  The  corn  being  securely  stored, 
the  voyagers  again  betook  themselves  to  the  stream,  and  toward  evening, 
on  the  4th  day  of  January,  1680,  they  came  into  a  lake  which  must  have 
been  the  lake  of  Peoria.  This  was  called  by  the  Indians  Fim-i-te-wi,  that 
is,  a  place  where  there  are  many  fat  beasts.  Here  the  natives  were  met 
with  in  large  numbers,  but  they  were  gentle  and  kind,  and  having  spent 
some  time  with  them,  LaSalle  determined  to  erect  another  fort  in  that 
place,  for  he  had  heard  rumors  that  some  of  the  adjoining  tribes  were 
trying  to  disturb  the  good  feeling  which  existed,  and  some  of  his  men 
were  disposed  to  complain,  owing  to  the  hardships  and  perils  of  the  ti'avel. 
He  called  this  fort  "  Crevecoeur"'  (broken-heart),  a  name  expressive  of  the 
very  natural  sorrow  and  anxiety  which  the  pretty  certain  loss  of  his  ship. 
Griffin,  and  his  consequent  impoverishment,  the  danger  of  hostility  on  the 
part  of  the  Indians,  and  of  mutiny  among  his  own  men,  might  well  cause 
him.  His  fears  were  not  entirely  groundless.  At  one  time  poison  was 
placed  in  his  food,  but  fortunately  was  discovered. 

While  building  this  fort,  the  Winter  wore  away,  the  prairies  began  to 
look  green,  and  LaSalle,  despairing  of  any  reinforcements,  concluded  to 
return  to  Canada,  raise  new  means  and  new  men,  and  embark  anew  in 
the  enterprise.  For  this  purpose  he  made  Hennepin  the  leader  of  a  party 
to  explore  the  head  waters  of  the  Mississippi,  and  he  set  out  on  his  jour- 
ney. This  journey  was  accomplished  with  the  aid  of  a  few  persons,  and 
was  successfully  made,  though  over  an  almost  unknown  route,  and  in  a 
bad  season  of  the  year.  He  safely  reached  Canada,  and  set  out  again  for 
the  object  of  his  search. 

Hennepin  and  his  party  left  Fort  Crevecoeur  on  the  last  of  February, 
1680.  When,  LaSalle  reached  this  place  on  his  return  expedition,  he" 
found  the  fort  entirely  deserted,  and  he  was  obliged  to  return  again  to 
Canada.  He  embarked  the  third  time,  and  succeeded.  Seven  da^'s  after 
leaving  the  fort,  Hennepin  reached  the  Mississippi,  and  paddling  up  the 
icy  stream  as  best  he  could,  reached  no  higher  than  the  Wisconsin  River 
by  the  11th  of  April.  Here  he  and  his  followers  were  taken  prisoners  by  a 
band  of  Northern  Indians,  who  treated  them  with  great  kindness.  Hen- 
nepin's comrades  were  Anthony  Auguel  and  Michael  Ako.  On  this  voy- 
age they  found  several  beautiful  lakes,  and  "saw  some  charming  prairies." 
Their  captors  were  the  Isaute  or  Sauteurs,  Chippewas,  a  tribe  of  the  Sioux 
nation,  who  took  them  up  the  river  until  about  the  first  of  May,  when 
they  reached  some  falls,  which  Hennepin  christened  Falls  of  St.  Anthony 


THE   NOKTHWEST  TERRITORY. 


27 


in  honor  of  his  patron  saint.  Here  they  took  the  land,  and  traveling 
nearly  two  hundred  miles  to  the  northwest,  brought  them  to  their  villages. 
Here  they  were  kept  about  three  months,  were  treated  kindly  by  their 
captors,  and  at  the  end  of  that  time,  were  met  by  a  band  of  Frenchmen, 


BUFFALO    HUNT. 


headed  by  one  Seur  de  Luth,  who,  in  pursuit  of  trade  and  game,  had  pene- 
trated thus  far  by  the  route  of  Lake  Superior ;  and  with  these  fellow- 
countrymen  Hennepin  and  his  companions  were  allowed  to  return  to  the 
borders  of  civilized  life  in  November,  1680,  just  after  LaSalle  had 
returned  to  the  wilderness  on  his  second  trip.  Hennepin  soon  after  went 
to  France,  where  he  published  an  account  of  his  adventures. 


28  THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

The  Mississippi  was  first  discovered  by  De  Soto  in  April,  1541,  in  his 
vain  endeavor  to  find  gold  and  precious  gems.  In  the  following  Spring, 
De  Soto,  weary  with  hope  long  deferred,  and  worn  out  with  his  wander- 
ings, he  fell  a  victim  to  disease,  and  on  the  21st  of  May  died.  His  followers, 
reduced  by  fatigue  and  disease  to  less  than  three  hundred  men,  wandered 
about  the  country  nearly  a  year,  in  the  vain  endeavor  to  rescue  them- 
selves by  land,  and  finally  constructed  seven  small  vessels,  called  brigan- 
tines,  in  which  they  embarked,  and  descending  the  river,  supposing  it 
would  lead  them  to  the  sea,  in  July  they  came  to  the  sea  (Gulf  of 
Mexico),  and  by  September  reached  the  Island  of  Cuba. 

They  were  the  first  to  see  the  great  outlet  of  the  Mississippi ;  but, 
being  so  weary  and  discouraged,  made  no  attempt  to  claim  the  country, 
and  hardly  had  an  intelligent  idea  of  what  they  had  passed    through. 

To  La  Salle,  the  intrepid  explorer,  belongs  the  honor  of  giving  the 
first  account  of  the  mouths  of  the  river.  His  great  desire  was  to  possess 
this  entire  country  for  his  king,  and  in  January,  1682,  he  and  his  band  of 
explorers  left  the  shores  of  Lake  Michigan  on  their  third  attempt,  crossed 
the  portage,  passed  down  the  Illinois  River,  and  on  the  6th  of  February, 
reached  the  banks  of  the  Mississippi. 

On  the  13th  they  commenced  their  downward  course,  which  they 
pursued  with  but  one  interruption,  until  upon  the  6th  of  March  they  dis- 
covered the  three  great  passages  by  which  the  river  discharges  its  waters 
into  the  gulf.     La  Salle  thus  narrates  the  event : 

"  We  landed  on  the  bank  of  the  most  western  channel,  about  three 
leagues  (nine  miles)  from  its  mouth.  On  the  seventh,  M.  de  LaSalle 
went  to  reconnoiter  the  shores  of  the  neighboring  sea,  and  M.  de  Tonti 
meanwhile  examined  the  great  middle  channel.  They  found  the  main 
outlets  beautiful,  large  and  deep.  On  the  8th  we  reascended  the  river,  a 
little  above  its  confluence  with  the  sea,  to  find  a  dry  place  beyond  the 
refMih  of  inundations.  The  elevation  of  the  North  Pole  was  here  about 
twenty-seven  degrees.  Here  we  prepared  a  column  and  a  cross,  and  to 
the  column  were  affixed  the  arms  of  France  with  this  inscription : 

Louis  Le  Grand,  Roi  De  France  et  de  Navarre,  regne  ;  Le  neuvieme  Avril,  1682. 

The  whole  party,  under  arms,  chanted  the  Te  Deum,  and  then,  after 
a  salute  and  cries  of  "  Vive  le  Roi^"  the  column  was  erected  by  M.  de 
LaSalle,  who,  standing  near  it,  proclaimed  in  a  loud  voice  the  authority  of 
the  King  of  France.  LaSalle  returned  and  laid  the  foundations  of  the  Mis- 
sissippi  settlements  in  Illinois,  thence  he  proceeded  to  France,  where 
another  expedition  was  fitted  out,  of  which  he  was  commander,  and  in  two 
succeeding  voyages  failed  to  find  the  outlet  of  the  river  by  sailing  along 
the  shore  of  the  gulf.     On  his  third  voyage  he  was  killed,  through  the 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


29 


treachery  of  his  followers,  and  the  object  of  his  expeditions  "was  not 
accomplished  until  1699,  when  D"Iberville,  under  the  authority  of  the 
crown,  discovered,  on  the  second  of  March,  by  way  of  the  sea,  the  mouth 
of  the  "  Hidden  River."  This  majestic  stream  was  called  by  the  natives 
*^  Malbouchia,''    and  by   the  Spaniards,  "  Za  Palissade,'"  from   the  great 


'5V  ,-<U"^ V^^ss^  A 


I 


^^S^^ci^V 


TEAPPING. 

number  of  trees  about  its  moutli.  After  traversing  the  several  outlets, 
and  satisfying  himself  as  to  its  certainty,  he  erected  a  fort  near  its 
western  outlet,  and  returned  to  France. 

An  avenue  of  trade  was  now  opened  out  which  was  fully  improved. 
In  1718,  New  Orleans  was  laid  out  and  settled  by  some  European  colon- 
ists. In  1762,  the  colony  was  made  over  to  Spain,  to  be  regained  by 
France  under  the  consulate  of  Napoleon.     In  1803,  it  was  purchased  by 


30  THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

the  United  States  for  the  sum  of  fifteen  million  dollars,  and  the  territory 
of  Louisiana  and  commerce  of  the  Mississippi  River  came  under  the 
charge  of  the  United  States.  Although  LaSalle's  labors  ended  in  defeat 
and  death,  he  had  not  worked  and  suffered  in  vain.  He  had  thrown 
open  to  France  and  the  world  an  immense  and  most  valuable  country; 
had  established  several  ports,  and  laid  the  foundations  of  more  than  one 
settlement  there.  "  Peoria,  Kaskaskia  and  Cahokia,  are  to  this  day  monu- 
ments of  LaSalle's  labors ;  for,  though  he  had  founded  neither  of  them 
(unless  Peoria,  which  was  built  nearly  upon  the  site  of  Fort  Crevecoeur,) 
it  was  by  those  whom  he  led  into  the  West  that  these  places  were 
peopled  and  civilized.  He  was,  if  not  the  discoverer,  tlie  first  settler  of 
the  Mississippi  Valley,  and  as  such  deserves  to  be  known  and  honored." 

The  French  early  improved  the  opening  made  for  them.  Before  the 
year  1698,  the  Rev.  Father  Gravier  began  a  mission  among  the  Illinois, 
and  founded  Kaskaskia.  For  some  time  this  was  merely  a  missionary 
station,  where  none  but  natives  resided,  it  being  one  of  three  such  vil- 
lages, the  other  two  being  Cahokia  and  Peoria.  What  is  known  of 
these  missions  is  learned  from  a  letter  written  b\'  Father  Gabriel  Marest, 
dated  "  Aux  Cascaskias,  autrement  dit  de  Tlmmaculate  Conception  de 
la  Sainte  Vierge,  le  9  Novembre,  1712."  Soon  after  the  founding  of 
Kaskaskia,  the  missionary,  Pinet,  gathered  a  flock  at  Cahokia,  while 
Peoria  arose  near  the  ruins  of  Fort  Crevecceur.  This  must  have  been 
about  the  year  1700.  The  post  at  Vincennes  on  the  Oubache  river, 
(pronounced  Wa-ba,  meaning  summer  cloud  moving  swiftly')  was  estab- 
lished in  1702,  according  to  the  best  authorities.*  It  is  altogether  prob- 
able that  on  LaSalle's  last  trip  he  established  the  stations  at  Kaskaskia 
and  Cahokia.  In  Jul}',  1701,  tlie  foundations  of  Fort  Ponchartrain 
were  laid  by  De  la  Motte  Cadillac  on  the  Detroit  River.  These  sta- 
tions, with  those  established  further  north,  were  the  earliest  attempts  to 
occupy  the  Northwest  Territory.  At  the  same  time  efforts  were  being 
made  to  occupy  the  Southwest,  which  finally  culminated  in  the  settle- 
ment and  founding  of  the  City  of  New  Orleans  by  a  colony  from  England 
in  1718.  This  Avas  mainly  accomplished  through  the  efforts  of  the 
famous  Mississippi  Company,  established  by  the  notorious  John  Law, 
who  so  quickly  arose  into  prominence  in  France,  and  who  witli  his 
scheme  so  quickly  and  so  ignominiously  passed  away. 

From  the  time  of  the  founding  of  these  stations  for  fifty  years  the 
French  nation  were  engrossed  with  the  settlement  of  the  lower  Missis- 
sippi, and  the  war  with  the  Chicasaws,  who  had,  in  revenge  for  repeated 

•  There  l3  considerable  dispute  about  this  date,  some  asserting  it  was  founded  as  late  as  174.J.  When 
the  new  court  house  at  Vluccniies  was  erectetl,  all  authorities  on  the  subject  were  carefully  examined,  and 
yiOi  fixed  upon  as  the  correct  date.    It  was  accordingly  engraved  on  the  corner-stone  of  the  court  Iiouse. 


THE   NOKTHWEST   TERRITORY.  31 

injuries,  cut  off  the  entire  colony  at  Natchez.  Although  the  company 
did  little  for  Louisiana,  as  the  entire  West  was  then  called,  yet  it  opened 
the  trade  through  the  Mississippi  River,  and  started  the  raising  of  grains 
indigenous  to  that  climate.  Until  the  year  1750,  but  little  is  known  of 
the  settlements  in  the  Northwest,  as  it  was  not  until  this  time  that  the 
attention  of  the  English  was  called  to  the  occupation  of  this  portion  of  the 
New  "World,  which  they  then  supposed  they  owned.  Vivier,  a  missionary 
among  the  Illinois,  writing  from  "  Aux  Illinois,"  six  leagues  from  Fort 
Chartres,  June  8,  1750,  says:  "We  have  here  whites,  negroes  and 
Indians,  to  say  nothing  of  cross-breeds.  There  are  five  French  villages, 
and  three  villages  of  the  natives,  within  a  space  of  twenty-one  leagues 
situated  between  the  Mississippi  and  another  river  called  the  Karkadaid 
(Kaskaskias).  In  the  five  French  villages  are,  perhaps,  eleven  hundred 
wliites,  three  hundred  blacks  and  some  sixty  red  slaves  or  savages.  The 
three  Illinois  towns  do  not  contain  more  than  eight  hundred  souls  all 
told.  Most  of  the  French  till  the  soil;  they  raise  wheat,  cattle,  pigs  and 
horses,  and  live  like  princes.  Three  times  as  much  is  produced  as  can 
be  consumed ;  and  great  quantities  of  grain  and  flour  are  sent  to  New 
Orleans."  This  city  was  now  the  seaport  town  of  the  Northwest,  and  • 
save  in  the  extreme  northern  part,  where  only  furs  and  copper  ore  were 
found,  almost  all  the  products  of  the  country  found  their  way  to  France 
by  the  mouth  of  the  Father  of  Waters.  In  another  letter,  dated  Novem- 
ber 7,  1750,  this  same  priest  says :  "  For  fifteen  leagues  above  the 
mouth  of  the  Mississippi  one  sees  no  dwellings,  the  ground  being  too  low- 
to  be  habitable.  Thence  to  New  Orleans,  the  lands  are  only  partially 
occupied.  New  Orleans  contains  black,  white  and  red,  not  more,  I 
tliink,  than  twelve  hundred  persons.  To  this  point  come  all  lumber, 
bricks,  salt-beef,  tallow,  tar,  skins  and  bear's  grease  ;  and  above  all,  pork 
and  flour  from  the  Illinois.  These  things  create  some  commerce,  as  forty 
vessels  and  more  have  come  hither  this  year.  Above  New  Orleans, 
plantations  are  again  met  with ;  the  most  considerable  is  a  colony  of 
Germans,  some  ten  leagues  up  the  river.  At  Point  Coupee,  thirty -five 
leagues  above  the  German  settlement,  is  a  fort.  Along  here,  within  five 
or  six  leagues,  are  not  less  than  sixty  habitations.  Fifty  leagues  farther 
up  is  the  Natchez  post,  where  we  have  a  garrison,  who  are  kept  prisoners 
through  fear  of  the  Chickasaws.  Here  and  at  Point  Coupee,  they  raise 
excellent  tobacco.  Another  hundred  leagues  brings  us  to  the  Arkansas, 
where  we  have  also  a  fort  and  a  garrison  for  the  benefit  of  the  river 
traders.  *  *  *  From  the  Arkansas  to  the  Illinois,  nearly  five  hundred 
leagues,  there  is  not  a  settlement.  There  should  be,  however,  a  fort  at 
the  Oubache  (Ohio),  the  only  path  by  which  the  English  can  reach  the 
Mississippi.     In  the  Illinois  country  are  numberless  mines,  but  no  one  to 


32 


THE    NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


work  them  as  they  deserve."  Father  Marest,  writing  from  the  post  at 
Vincennesin  1812,  makes  the  same  observation.  Vivier  also  says  :  "  Some 
individuals  dig  lead  near  the  surface  and  supply  the  Indians  and  Canada. 
Two  Spaniards  now  here,  who  claim  to  be  adepts,  say  that  our  mines  are 
like  those  of  Mexico,  and  that  if  we  would  dig  deeper,  we  should  find 
silver  under  the  lead  ;  and  at  any  rate  the  lead  is  excellent.  There  is  also 
in  this  country,  beyond  doubt,  copper  ore,  as  from  time  to  time  large 
pieces  are  found  in  the  streams." 


HUNTING. 


At  the  close  of  the  year  1750,  the  French  occupied,  in  addition  to  the 
lower  Mississippi  posts  and  those  in  Illinois,  one  at  Du  Quesne,  one  at 
the  Maumee  in  the  country  of  the  Miamis,  and  one  at  Sandusky  in  what 
may  be  termed  the  Ohio  Valley.  In  the  northern  part  of  the  Northwest 
they  had  stations  at  St.  Joseph's  on  tlie  St.  Joseph's  of  Lake  Michigan, 
at  Fort  Ponchartrain  (Detroit),  at  Michillimackanac  or  Massillimacanac, 
Fox  River  of  Green  Bay,  and  at  Sault  Ste.  Marie.  The  fondest  dreams  of 
LaSalle  were  now  fully  realized.  The  French  alone  were  possessors  of 
this  vast  realm,  basing  their  claim  on  discoverv  and  settlement.  Another 
nation,  however,  was  now  turning  its  attention  to  this  extensive  country, 


THE  NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  33 

and  hearing  of  its  ■wealth,  began  to  lay  plans  for  occupying  it  and  for 
securing  the  great  profits  arising  therefrom. 

The  French,  however,  had  another  claim  to  this  country,  namely,  the . 


DISCOVERY   OF   THE   OHIO. 

This  "  Beautiful "  river  was  discovered  by  Robert  Cavalier  de  La- 
Salle  in  1669,  four  years  before  the  discovery  of  the  Mississippi  by  Joliet. 
and  Marquette. 

While  LaSalle  was  at  his  trading  post  on  the  St.  Lawrence,  he  found 
leisure  to  study  nine  Indian  dialects,  the  chief  of  which  was  the  Iroquois. 
He  not  only  desired  to  facilitate  his  intercourse  in  trade,  but  he  longed 
to  travel  and  explore  the  unknown  regions  of  the  West.  An  incident 
soon  occurred  which  decided   him   to  fit  out  an  exploring  expedition. 

While  conversing  with  some  Senecas,  he  learned  of  a  river  called  the 
Ohio,  which  rose  in  their  country  and  flowed  to  the  sea,  but  at  such  a 
distance  that  it  required  eight  months  to  reach  its  mouth.  In  this  state- 
ment the  Mississippi  and  its  tributaries  were  considered  as  one  stream. 
LaSalle  believing,  as  most  of  the  French  at  that  period  did,  that  the  great 
rivers  flowing  west  emptied  into  the  Sea  of  California,  was  anxious  to 
embark  in  the  enterprise  of  discovering  a  route  across  the  continent  to 
the  commerce  of  China  and  Japan. 

He  repaired  at  once  to  Quebec  to  obtain  the  approval  of  the  Gov- 
ernor. His  eloquent  appeal  prevailed.  The  Governor  and  the  Intendant, 
Talon,  issued  letters  patent  authorizing  the  enterprise,  but  made  no  pro- 
vision to  defray  the  expenses.  At  this  juncture  the  seminary  of  St.  Sul- 
pice  decided  to  send  out  missionaries  in  connection  with  the  expedition, 
and  LaSalle  offering  to  sell  his  improvements  at  LaChine  to  raise  money, 
the  offer  was  accepted  by  the  Superior,  and  two  thousand  eight  hundred 
dollars  were  raised,  with  which  LaSalle  purchased  four  canoes  and  the 
necessary  supplies  for  the  outfit. 

()n  the  6th  of  July,  1669,  the  party,  numbering  twenty-four  persons, 
embarked  in  seven  canoes  on  the  St.  Lawrence ;  two  additional  canoes 
carried  the  Indian  guides.  In  three  days  they  were  gliding  over  the 
bosom  of  Lake  Ontario.  Their  guides  conducted  them  directly  to  the 
Seneca  village  on  the  bank  of  the  Genesee,  in  the  vicinity  of  the  present 
City  of  Rochester,  New  York.  Here  they  expected  to  procure  guides  to 
conduct  them  to  the  Ohio,  but  in  this  they  were  disappointed. 

The  Indians  seemed  unfriendly  to  the  enterprise.  LaSalle  suspected 
that  the  Jesuits  had  prejudiced  their  minds  against  his  plans.  After 
waiting  a  month  in  the  hope  of  gaining  their  object,  they  met  an  Lidian 


84 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


from  the  Iroquois  colony  at  the  head  of  Lake  Ontario,  who  assured  them 
that  they  could  there  find  guides,  and  offered  to  conduct  them  thence. 

On  their  wa}' they  passed  the  mouth  of  the  Niagara  River,  when  they 
heard  for  the  first  time  the  distant  thunder  of  the  cataract.     Arriving 


^"^^.^V<H.U, 


lltOyUOlS    CUIKF. 

among  the  Iroquois,  they  met  with  a  friendly  reception,  and  learned 
from  a  Shawanee  prisoner  that  they  could  reach  the  Ohio  in  six  weeks. 
Delighted  with  the  unexpected  good  fortune,  they  made  ready  to  resume 
their  journey ;  but  just  as  they  were  about  to  start  they  heard  of  the 
arrival  of  two  Frenchmen  in  a  neighboring  village.  One  of  them  proved 
to  be  Louis  Joliet,   afterwards  famous  as  an  explorer  in  the  West.     He 


THE  NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  35 

had  been  sent  by  the  Canadian  Government  to  explore  the  copper  mines 
on  Lake  Superior,  but  had  failed,  and  was  on  his  way  back  to  Quebec. 
He  gave  the  missionaries  a  map  of  the  country  he  had  explored  in  the 
lake  region,  together  with  an  account  of  the  condition  of  the  Indians  in 
that  quarter.  This  induced  the  priests  to  determine  on  leaving  the 
expedition  and  going  to  Lake  Superior.  LaSalle  warned  them  that  the 
Jesuits  were  probably  occupying  that  field,  and  that  they  would  meet 
with  a  cold  reception.  Nevertheless  they  persisted  in  their  purpose,  and 
after  worship  on  the  lake  shore,  parted  from  LaSalle.  On  arriving  at 
Lake  Superior,  they  found,  as  LaSalle  had  predicted,  the  Jesuit  Fathers, 
Marquette  and  Dablon,  occupying  the  field. 

These  zealous  disciples  of  Loyola  informed  them  that  they  wanted 
no  assistance  from  St.  Sulpice,  nor  from  those  who  made  him  their  patron 
saint ;  and  thus  repulsed,  they  returned  to  Montreal  the  following  June 
without  having  made  a  single  discovery  or  converted  a  single  Indian. 

After  parting  with  the  priests,  LaSalle  went  to  the  chief  Iroquois 
village  at  Onondaga,  where  he  obtained  guides,  and  passing  thence  to  a 
tributary  of  the  Ohio  south  of  Lake  Erie,  he  descended  the  latter  as  far 
as  the  falls  at  Louisville.  Thus  was  the  Ohio  discovered  by  LaSalle,  the 
persevering  and  successful  French  explorer  of  the  West,  in  1669. 

The  account  of  the  latter  part  of  his  journey  is  found  in  an  anony- 
mous paper,  which  purports  to  have  been  taken  from  the  lips  of  LaSalle 
himself  during  a  subsequent  visit  to  Paris.  In  a  letter  written  to  Count 
Frontenac  in  1667,  shortly  after  the  discovery,  he  himself  says  that  he 
discovered  the  Ohio  and  descended  it  to  the  falls.  This  was  regarded  as 
an  indisputable  fact  by  the  French  authorities,  who  claimed  the  Ohio 
Valley  upon  another  ground.  When  Washington  was  sent  by  the  colony 
of  Virginia  in  1753,  to  demand  of  Gordeur  de  St.  Pierre  why  the  French 
had  built  a  fort  on  the  Monongahela,  the  haughty  commandant  at  Quebec 
replied :  "  We  claim  the  country  on  the  Ohio  by  virtue  of  the  discoveries 
of  LaSalle,  and  will  not  give  it  up  to  the  English.  Our  orders  are  to 
make  prisoners  of  every  Englishman  found  trading  in  the  Ohio  Valley." 


ENGLISH  EXPLORATIONS  AND  SETTLEMENTS. 

When  the  new  year  of  1750  broke  in  upon  the  Father  of  Waters 
and  the  Great  Northwest,  all  was  still  wild  save  at  the  French  posts 
already  described.  In  1749,  when  the  English  first  began  to  think  seri- 
ously about  sending  men  into  the  West,  the  greater  portion  of  the  States 
of  Indiana,  Ohio,  Illinois,  Michigan,  Wisconsin,  and  Minnesota  were  yet 
under  the  dominion  of  the  red  men.    The  English  knew,  however,  pretty 


36  THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

conclusively  of  the  nature  of  the  wealth  of  these  wilds.  As  early  as 
1710,  Governor  Spotswood,  of  Virginia,  had  commenced  movements  to 
secure  the  country  west  of  the  Alleghenies  to  the  English  crown.  In 
Pennsylvania,  Governor  Keith  and  James  Logan,  secretary  of  the  prov- 
ince, from  1719  to  1731,  represented  to  the  powers  of  England  the  neces- 
sity of  securing  the  Western  lands.  Nothing  was  done,  however,  b}'  that 
power  save  to  take  some  diplomatic  steps  to  secure  the  claims  of  Britain 
to  this  unexplored  wilderness. 

England  had  from  the  outset  claimed  from  the  Atlantic  to  the  Pacific, 
on  the  ground  that  the  discovery  of  the  seacoast  and  its  possession  was  a 
discovery  and  possession  of  the  country,  and,  as  is  well  known,  her  grants 
to  the  colonies  extended  "  from  sea  to  sea."  This  was  not  all  her  claim. 
She  had  purchased  from  the  Indian  tribes  large  tracts  of  land.  This  lat- 
ter was  also  a  strong  argument.  As  early  as  1684,  Lord  H  oward.  Gov- 
ernor of  Virginia,  held  a  treaty  with  the  six  nations.  These  were  the 
great  Northern  Confederacy,  and  comprised  at  first  the  ISIohawks,  Onei- 
das,  Onondagas,  Cayugas,  and  Senecas.  Afterward  the  Tuscaroras  were 
taken  into  the  confederacy,  and  it  became  known  as  the  Six  Nations. 
They  came  under  the  protection  of  the  mother  country,  and  again  in 
ITOl,  they  repeated  the  agreement,  and  in  September,  1726,  a  formal  deed 
was  drawn  up  and  signed  by  the  chiefs.  The  validity  of  this  claim  has 
often  been  disputed,  but  never  successfully.  In  1744,  a  purchase  was 
made  at  Lancaster,  Pennsylvania,  of  certain  lands  within  the  "  Colony  of 
Virginia,"  for  which  the  Indians  received  £200  in  gold  and  a  like  sum  in 
goods,  with  a  promise  that,  as  settlements  increased,  more  should  be  paid. 
The  Commissioners  from  Virginia  were  Colonel  Thomas  Lee  and  Colonel 
William  Beverly.  As  settlements  extended,  the  promise  of  more  pay  was 
called  to  mind,  and  Mr.  Conrad  Weiser  was  sent  across  the  mountains  with 
presents  to  appease  the  savages.  Col.  Lee,  and  some  Virginians  accompa- 
nied him  with  the  intention  of  sounding  the  Indians  upon  their  feelings 
regarding  the  English.  They  were  not  satisfied  with  their  treatment, 
and  plainly  told  the  Commissioners  why.  The  English  did  not  desixe  the 
cultivation  of  the  country,  but  the  monopoly  of  the  Indian  trade.  In 
1748,  the  Ohio  Company  was  formed,  and  petitioned  the  king  for  a  grant 
of  land  beyond  the  Alleghenies.  This  was  granted,  and  the  government 
of  Virginia  was  ordered  to  grant  to  them  a  half  million  acres,  two  hun- 
dred thousand  of  which  were  to  be  located  at  once.  Upon  the  12th  of 
June,  1749,  800,000  acres  from  the  line  of  Canada  north  and  west  was 
made  to  the  Loyal  Company,  and  on  the  29th  of  October,  1751,  100.000 
acres  were  given  to  the  Greenbriar  Company.  All  this  time  the  French 
were  not  idle.  They  saw  that,  should  the  British  gain  a  foothold  in  tlie 
West,  especially  upon  the  Ohio,  they  might  not  only  prevent  the  French 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  37' 

settling  upon  it,  but  in  time  would  come  to  the  lower  posts  and  so  gain 
possession  of  the  whole  country'.  Upon  the  10th  of  May,  1774,  Yaud- 
reuil.  Governor  of  Canada  and  the  French  possessions,  well  knowing  the 
consequences  that  must  arise  from  allowing  the  English  to  build  trading- 
posts  in  the  Northwest,  seized  some  of  their  frontier  posts,  and  to  further 
secure  the  claim  of  the  French  to  the  West,  he,  in  1749,  sent  Louis  Cel- 
eron with  a  party  of  soldiers  to  plant  along  the  Ohio  River,  in  the  mounds 
and  at  the  mouths  of  its  principal  tributaries,  plates  of  lead,  on  which 
were  inscribed  the  claims  of  France.  These  were  heard  of  in  1752,  and 
within  the  memory  of  residents  now  living  along  the  "  Oyo,"  as  the 
beautiful  river  was  called  by  the  French.  One  of  these  plates  was  found 
with  the  inscription  partly  defaced.  It  bears  date  August  16,  1749,  and 
a  copy  of  the  inscription  with  particular  account  of  the  discovery  of  the 
plate,  was  sent  by  DeWitt  Clinton  to  the  American  Antiquarian  Society, 
among  whose  journals  it  may  now  be  found.*  These  measures  did  not, 
however,  deter  the  English  from  going  on  with  their  explorations,  and 
though  neither  party  resorted  to  arms,  yet  the  conflict  was  gathering,  and 
it  was  only  a  question  of  time  when  the  storm  would  burst  upon  the 
frontier  settlements.  In  1750,  Christopher  Gist  was  sent  by  the  Ohio 
Company  to  examine  its  lands.  He  went  to  a  village  of  the  Twigtwees, 
on  the  Miami,  about  one  hundred  and  fifty  miles  above  its  mouth.  He 
afterward  spoke  of  it  as  very  populous.  From  there  he  went  down 
the  Ohio  River  nearly  to  the  falls  at  the  present  City  of  Louisville, 
and  in  November  he  commenced  a  survey  of  the  Company's  lands.  Dur- 
ing the  Winter,  General  Andrew  Lewis  performed  a  similar  work  for  the 
Greenbriar  Company.  Meanwhile  the  French  were  busy  in  preparing 
their  forts  for  defense,  and  in  opening  roads,  and  also  sent  a  small  party 
of  soldiers  to  keep  the  Ohio  clear.  This  party,  having  heard  of  the  Eng- 
lish post  on  the  Miami  River,  early  in  1652,  assisted  by  the  Ottawas  and 
Chippewas,  attacked  it,  and,  after  a  severe  battle,  in  which  fourteen  of 
the  natives  were  killed  and  others  wounded,  captured  the  garrison. 
(They  were  probably  garrisoned  in  a  block  house).  The  traders  were 
carried  away  to  Canada,  and  one  account  ssljs  several  were  burned.  This 
fort  or  post  was  called  by  the  English  Pickawillany.  A  memorial  of  the 
king's  ministers  refers  to  it  as  "  Fickawillanes,  in  the  center  of  the  terri- 
tory between  the  Ohio  and  the  Wabash.  The  name  is  i3robably  some 
variation  of  Pickaway  or  Picqua  in  1773,  written  by  Rev.  David  Jones 
Pickaweke." 

■•  The  following  is  a  translation  of  the  inscription  on  the  plate:  "In  the  year  1749,  reign  of  Louis  XV., 
King  of  France,  we,  Celeron,  commandant  of  a  detachment  by  Monsieur  the  Marquis  of  Gallisoniere,  com- 
mander-in-chief of  New  France,  to  establish  tranquility  in  certain  Indian  villages  of  these  cantons,  have 
buried  tliis  plate  at  the  confluence  of  the  Toradakoin,  this  twenty- ninth  of  JiUy,  near  the  river  Ohio,  otherwise 
Beautiful  River,  as  a  monument  of  renewal  of  possession  which  we  have  taken  of  the  said  river,  and  all  Us 
tributaries;  inasmuch  as  the  preceding  Kings  of  France  have  enjoyed  it,  and  maintained  it  by  their  arms  and 
treaties;  especially  by  those  of  Ryswick,  Utrecht,  and  Aix  La  Chapelle." 


88  THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

This  was  the  first  blood  shed  between  the  French  and  English,  and 
occurred  near  the  present  City  of  Piqua,  Ohio,  or  at  least  at  a  point  about 
forty-seven  miles  north  of  Dayton.  Each  nation  became  now  more  inter- 
ested in  tlie  progress  of  events  in  the  Northwest.  The  English  deter- 
mined to  purchase  from  the  Indians  a  title  to  the  lands  they  wished  to 
occupy,  and  Messrs.  Fry  (afterward  Commander-in-chief  over  Washing- 
ton at  the  commencement  of  the  French  War  of  1775-1763),  Lomax  and 
Patton  were  sent  in  the  Spring  of  1752  to  hold  a  conference  with  the 
natives  at  Logstown  to  learn  what  they  objected  to  in  the  treaty  of  Lan- 
caster already  noticed,  and  to  settle  all  difficulties.  On  the  9th  of  June, 
these  Commissioners  met  the  red  men  at  Logstown,  a  little  village  on  the 
north  bank  of  the  Ohio,  about  seventeen  miles  below  the  site  of  Pitts- 
burgh. Here  had  been  a  trading  point  for  many  years,  but  it  was  aban- 
doned by  the  Indians  in  1750.  At  first  the  Indians  declined  to  recognize 
the  treaty  of  Lancaster,  but,  the  Commissioners  taking  aside  Montour, 
the  interpreter,  who  was  a  son  of  the  famous  Catharine  Montour,  and  a 
chief  among  the  six  nations,  induced  him  to  use  his  influence  in  their 
favor.  This  he  did,  and  upon  the  13th  of  June  they  all  united  in  signing 
a  deed,  confirming  the  Lancaster  treaty  in  its  full  extent,  consenting  to  a 
settlement  of  the  southeast  of  the  Ohio,  and  guaranteeing  that  it  should 
not  be  disturbed  by  them.  These  were  the  means  used  to  obtain  the  first 
treaty  with  the  Indians  in  the  Ohio  Valley. 

Meanwhile  the  powers  beyond  the  sea  were  trying  to  out-manoeuvre 
each  other,  and  were  professing  to  be  at  peace.  The  English  generally 
outwitted  the  Indians,  and  failed  in  many  instances  to  fulfill  their  con- 
tracts. They  thereby  gained  the  ill-will  of  the  red  men,  and  further 
increased  the  feeling  by  failing  to  provide  them  with  arms  and  ammuni- 
tion. Said  an  old  chief,  at  Easton,  in  1758  :  "  The  Indians  on  the  Ohio 
left  you  because  of  your  own  fault.  When  we  heard  the  French  were 
coming,  we  asked  you  for  help  and  arms,  but  we  did  not  get  them.  The 
French  came,  they  treated  us  kindly,  and  gained  our  affections.  The 
Governor  of  Virginia  settled  on  our  lands  for  his  own  benefit,  and,  when 
we  wanted  help,  forsook  us." 

At  the  beginning  of  1653,  the  English  thought  they  had  secured  by 
title  the  lands  in  the  West,  but  the  French  had  quietly  gathered  cannon 
and  military  stores  to  be  in  readiness  for  the  expected  blow.  The  Eng- 
lish made  other  attempts  to  ratify  these  existing  treaties,  but  not  until 
the  Summer  could  the  Indians  be  gathered  together  to  discuss  the  plans 
of  the  French.  They  had  sent  messages  to  the  French,  warning  them 
away  ;  but  they  replied  that  they  intended  to  complete  the  chain  of  forts 
already  begun,  and  would  not  abandon  the  field. 

Soon  after  this,  no  satisfaction  being  obtained  from  the  Ohio  regard- 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  39 

ing  the  positions  and  purposes  of  the  French,  Governor  Dinwiddie  of 
Virginia  determined  to  send  to  them  another  messenger  and  learn  from 
them,  if  possible,  their  intentions.  For  this  purpose  he  selected  a  young 
man,  a  surveyor,  who,  at  the  early  age  of  nineteen,  had  received  the  rank 
of  major,  and  who  was  thoroughly  posted  regarding  frontier  life.  This 
personage  was  no  other  than  the  illustrious  George  Washington,  who  then 
held  considerable  interest  in  Western  lands.  He  was  at  this  time  just 
twenty-two  years  of  age.  Taking  Gist  as  his  guide,  the  two,  accompanied 
by  four  servitors,  set  out  on  their  perilous  march.  They  left  Will's 
Creek  on  the  10th  of  November,  1753,  and  on  the  22d  reached  the  Monon- 
gahela,  about  ten  miles  above  the  fork.  From  there  they  went  to 
Logstown,  where  Washington  had  a  long  conference  with  the  chiefs  of 
the  Six  Nations.  From  them  he  learned  the  condition  of  the  French,  and 
also  heard  of  their  determination  not  to  come  down  the  river  till  the  fol- 
lowing Spring.  The  Indians  were  non-committal,  as  they  were  afraid  to 
turn  either  way,  and,  as  far  as  they  could,  desired  to  remain  neutral. 
Washington,  finding  nothing  could  be  done  with  them,  went  on  to 
Venango,  an  old  Indian  town  at  the  mouth  of  French  Creek.  Here  the 
French  had  a  fort,  called  Fort  Machault.  Through  the  rum  and  flattery 
of  the  French,  he  nearly  lost  all  his  Indian  followers.  Finding  nothing 
of  importance  here,  he  pursued  his  way  amid  great  privations,  and  on  the 
11th  of  December  reached  the  fort  at  the  head  of  French  Creek.  Here 
he  delivered  Governor  Dinwiddle's  letter,  received  his  answer,  took  his 
observations,  and  on  the  16th  set  out  upon  his  return  journey  with  no  one 
but  Gist,  his  guide,  and  a  few  Indians  who  still  remained  true  to  him, 
notwithstandino-  the  endeavors  of  the  French  to  retain  them.  Their 
homeward  journey  was  one  of  great  peril  and  suffering  from  the  cold,  yet 
they  reached  home  in  safety  on  the  6th  of  January,  1754. 

From  the  letter  of  St.  Pierre,  commander  of  the  French  fort,  sent  by 
Washin2:ton  to  Governor  Dinwiddie,  it  was  learned  that  the  French  would 
not  give  up  without  a  struggle.  Active  preparations  were  at  once  made 
in  all  the  English  colonies  for  the  coming  conflict,  while  the  French 
finished  the  fort  at  Venango  and  strengthened  their  lines  of  fortifications, 
and  o-athered  their  forces  to  be  in  readiness. 

The  Old  Dominion  was  all  alive.  Virginia  was  the  center  of  great 
activities ;  volunteers  were  called  for,  and  from  all  the  neighboring 
colonies  men  rallied  to  the  conflict,  and  everywhere  along  the  Potomac 
men  were  enlisting  under  the  Governor's  proclamation — which  promised 
two  hundred  thousand  acres  on  the  Ohio.  Along  this  river  they  were 
^fathering  as  far  as  Will's  Creek,  and  far  beyond  this  point,  whither  Trent 
had  come  for  assistance  for  his  little  band  of  forty-one  men,  who  were 


40  THE    NORTHWEST    TERRITORY. 

working  away  in  hunger  and  want,  to   fortify  tliat  point  at  the  fork   of 
the  Ohio,  to  which  both  parties  were  looking  with  deep  interest. 

"  The  first  birds  of  Spring  filled  the  air  with  their  song  ;  the  swift 
river  rolled  l)y  the  Allegh'eny  hillsides,  swollen  by  the  melting  snows  of 
Spring  and  the  April  showers.  The  leaves  were  appearing ;  a  few  Indian 
scouts  were  seen,  but  no  enemy  seemed  near  at  hand  ;  and  all  was  so  quiet, 
that  Frazier,  an  old  Indian  scout  and  trader,  who  had  been  left  by  Trent 
in  command,  ventured  to  his  home  at  the  mouth  of  Turtle  Creek,  ten 
miles  up  the  Monongahela.  But,  though  all  was  so  quiet  in  that  wilder- 
ness, keen  eyes  had  seen  the  low  intrenchment  rising  at  the  fork,  and 
swift  feet  had  borne  the  news  of  it  up  the  river ;  and  upon  the  morning 
of  the  17th  of  April,  Ensign  Ward,  who  then  had  charge  of  it,  saw 
upon  the  Allegheny  a  sight  that  made  his  heart  sink — sixty  batteaux  and 
three  hundred  canoes  filled  with  men,  and  laden  deep  with  cannon  and 
stores.  *  *  *  That  evening  he  supped  with  his  captor,  Contrecoeur, 
and  the  next  day  he  was  bowed  off  by  the  Frenchman,  and  with  his  men 
and  tools,  marched  up  the  Monongahela." 

The  French  and  Indian  war  had  begun.  The  treaty  of  Aix  la 
Chapelle,  in  1748,  had  left  the  boundaries  between  the  French  and 
English  possessions  unsettled,  and  the  events  already  narrated  show  the 
French  were  determined  to  hold  the  country  watered  by  the  Mississippi 
and  its  tributaries  ;  while  the  English  laid  claims  to  the  country  by  virtue 
of  the  discoveries  of  the  Cabots,  and  claimed  all  the  country  from  New- 
foundland to  Florida,  extending  from  the  Atlantic  to  the  Pacific.  The 
first  decisive  blow  had  now  been  struck,  and  the  first  attempt  of  the 
English,  through  the  Ohio  Company,  to  occupy  these  lands,  had  resulted 
disastrously  to  them.  The  French  and  Indians  immediately  completed 
the  fortifications  begun  at  the  Fork,  Avhich  they  had  so  easily  captured, 
and  when  completed  gave  to  the  fort  the  name  of  DuQuesne.  Washing- 
ton was  at  Will's  Creek  when  the  news  of  the  capture  of  the  fort  arrived. 
He  at  once  departed  to  recapture  it.  On  his  way  he  entrenched  him- 
self at  a  place  called  the  "  Meadows,"  where  he  erected  a  fort  called 
by  him  Fort  Necessity.  From  there  he  surprised  and  captured  a  force  of 
French  and  Indians  marching  against  him,  but  was  soon  after  attacked 
in  his  fort  by  a  much  superior  force,  and  was  obliged  to  yield  on  the 
morning  of  July  4tli.     He  \vas  allowed  to  return  to  Virginia. 

The  English  Government  immediately  planned  four  campaigns  ;  one 
against  Fort  DuQuesne  ;  one  against  Nova  Scotia ;  one  against  Fort 
Niagara,  and  one  against  Crown  Point.  These  occurred  during  1755-6, 
and  were  not  successful  in  driving  the  French  from  their  possessions. 
The  expedition  against  Fort  DuQuesne  was  led  by  the  famous  General 
Braddock,  who,  refusing  to  listen  to  the  advice  of  Washington  and  those 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  41 

acquainted  with  Indian  warfare,  suffered  such  an  inglorious  defeat.  This 
occurred  on  the  morning  of  July  9th,  and  is  generally  known  as  tlie  battle 
of  Monongahela,  or  "  Braddock's  Defeat."  The  war  continued  with 
various  vicissitudes  through  the  years  1756-7  ;  when,  at  the  commence- 
ment of  1758,  in  accordance  with  the  plans  of  William  Pitt,  then  Secre- 
tary of  State,  afterwards  Lord  Chatham,  active  preparations  were  made  to 
carry  on  the  war.  Three  expeditions  were  planned  for  this  year :  one, 
under  General  Amherst,  against  Louisburg  ;  another,  under  Abercrombie, 
against  Fort  Ticonderoga  ;  and  a  third,  under  General  Forbes,  against 
Fort  DuQuesne.  On  the  26th  of  July,  Louisburg  surrendered  after  a 
desperate  resistance  of  more  than  forty  days,  and  the  eastern  part  of  the 
Canadian  possessions  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  British.  Abercrombie 
captured  Fort  Frontenac,  and  when  the  expedition  against  Fort  DuQuesne, 
of  which  Washington  had  the  active  command,  arrived  there,  it  was 
found  in  flames  and  deserted.  The  English  at  once  took  possession, 
rebuilt  the  fort,  and  in  honor  of  their  illustrious  statesman,  changed  the 
name  to  Fort  Pitt. 

The  great  object  of  the  campaign  of  1759,  was  the  reduction  of 
Canada.  General  Wolfe  was  to  lay  siege  to  Quebec  ;  Amherst  was  to 
reduce  Ticonderoga  and  Crown  Point,  and  General  Prideaux  was  to 
capture  Niagara.  This  latter  place  was  taken  in  July,  but  the  gallant 
Prideaux  lost  his  life  in  the  attempt.  Amherst  captured  Ticonderoga 
and  Crown  Point  without  a  blow  ;  and  Wolfe,  after  making  the  memor- 
able ascent  to  the  Plains  of  Abraham,  on  September  13th,  defeated 
Montcalm,  and  on  the  18th,  the  city  capitulated.  In  this  engagement 
Montcolm  and  Wolfe  both  lost  their  lives.  De  Levi,  Montcalm's  successor, 
marched  to  Sillery,  three  miles  above  the  city,  with  the  purpose  of 
defeating  the  English,  and  there,  on  the  28th  of  the  following  April,  was 
fouoht  one  of  the  bloodiest  battles  of  the  French  and  Indian  War.  It 
resulted  in  the  defeat  of  the  French,  and  the  fall  of  the  City  of  Montreal. 
The  Governor  signed  a  capitulation  by  which  the  whole  of  Canada  was 
surrendered  to  the  English.  This  practically  concluded  the  war,  but  it 
was  not  until  1763  that  the  treaties  of  peace  between  France  and  England 
were  signed.  This  was  done  on  the  10th  of  February  of  that  year,  and 
under  its  provisions  all  the  country  east  of  the  Mississippi  and  north  of 
the  Iberville  River,  in  Louisiana,  were  ceded  to  England.  At  the  same 
time  Spain  ceded  Florida  to  Great  Britain. 

On  the  loth  of  September,  1760,  Major  Robert  Rogers  was  sent 
from  Montreal  to  take  charge  of  Detroit,  the  only  remaining  French  post 
in  the  territory.  He  arrived  there  on  the  19th  of  November,  and  sum- 
moned the  place  to  surrender.  At  first  the  commander  of  the  post, 
Beletre-  refused,  but  on  the  29th,  hearing  of  the  continued  defeat  of  the 


42  THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

French  aims,  surrendered.  Rogers  remained  there  until  December  23d 
under  the  personal  protection  of  the  celebrated  chief,  Pontiac,  to  whom, 
no  doubt,  he  owed  his  safety.  Pontiac  had  come  here  to  inquire  the 
purposes  of  the  English  in  taking  possession  of  the  country.  He  was 
assured  that  they  came  simply  to  trade  with  the  natives,  and  did  not 
desire  their  country.  This  answer  conciliated  the  savages,  and  did  much 
to  insure  the  safety  of  Rogers  and  his  party  during  their  stay,  and  while 
on  their  journey  home. 

Rogers  set  out  for  Fort  Pitt  on  December  23,  and  was  just  one 
month  on  the  way.  His  route  was  from  Detroit  to  Maumee,  thence 
across  the  present  State  of  Ohio  directly  to  the  fort.  This  was  the  com- 
mon trail  of  the  Indians  in  their  journeys  from  Sandusky  to  the  fork  of 
the  Ohio.  It  went  from  Fort  Sandusky,  where  Sandusky  City  now  is, 
crossed  the  Huron  river,  then  called  Bald  Eagle  Creek,  to  "  Mohickon 
John's  Town "  on  Mohickon  Creek,  the  northern  branch  of  White 
Woman's  River,  and  thence  crossed  to  Beaver's  Town,  a  Delaware  town 
on  what  is  now  Sandy  Creek.  At  Beaver's  Town  were  probably  one 
hundred  and  fifty  warriors,  and  not  less  than  three  thousand  acres  of 
cleared  land.  From  there  the  track  went  up  Sandy  Creek  to  and  across 
Big  Beaver,  and  up  the  Ohio  to  Logstown,  thence  on  to  the  fork. 

The  Northwest  Territory  was  now  entirely  under  the  English  rule. 
New  settlements  began  to  be  rapidly  made,  and  the  promise  of  a  large 
trade  was  speedily  manifested.  Had  the  British  carried  out  their  promises 
with  the  natives  none  of  those  savage  butcheries  would  have  been  perpe- 
trated, and  the  country  would  have  been  spared  their  recital. 

The  renowned  chief,  Pontiac,  was  one  of  the  leading  spirits  in  these 
atrocities.  We  will  now  pause  in  our  narrative,  and  notice  the  leading 
events  in  his  life.  The  earliest  authentic  information  regarding  this 
noted  Indian  chief  is  learned  from  an  account  of  an  Indian  trader  named 
Alexander  Henry,  who,  in  the  Spring  of  1761,  penetrated  his  domains  as 
far  as  Missillimacnac.  Pontiac  was  then  a  great  friend  of  the  French, 
but  a  bitter  foe  of  the  English,  whom  he  considered  as  encroaching  on  his 
hunting  grounds.  Henry  was  obliged  to  disguise  himself  as  a  Canadian 
to  insure  safety,  but  was  discovered  by  Pontiac,  who  bitterly  reproached 
him  and  the  English  for  their  attempted  subjugation  of  the  West.  He 
declared  that  no  treaty  had  been  made  with  them ;  no  presents  sent 
them,  and  that  he  would  resent  any  possession  of  the  West  by  that  nation. 
He  was  at  the  time  about  fifty  years  of  age,  tall  and  dignified,  and  was 
civil  and  military  ruler  of  the  Ottawas,  Ojibwas  and  Pottawatamies. 

The  Indians,  from  Lake  Michigan  to  the  borders  of  North  Carolina, 
were  united  in  this  feeling,  and  at  the  time  of  the  treaty  of  Paris,  ratified 
February  10,  1763,  a   general  conspiracy  was  formed  to  fall  suddenly 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


13 


PONTIAC,  THE  OTTAWA  CHIEFTAIN. 


44  THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

upon  the  frontier  British  posts,  and  with  one  blow  strike  every  man  dead. 
Pontiac  was  the  marked  leader  in  all  this,  and  was  the  commander 
of  the  Chippewas,  Ottawas,  Wyandots,  Miamis,  Shawanese,  Delawares 
and  Mingoes,  who  had,  for  the  time,  laid  aside  their  local  quarrels  to  unite 
in  this  enterprise. 

The  blow  came,  as  near  as  can  now  be'  ascertained,  on  May  7,  176^. 
Nine  British  posts  fell,  and  the  Indians  drank,  '"•  scooped  up  in  the  hollow 
of  joined  hands,"  the  blood  of  many  a  Briton. 

Pontiac's  immediate  field  of  action  was  the  garrison  at  Detroit. 
Here,  however,  the  plans  were  frustrated  by  an  Indian  woman  disclosing 
the  plot  the  evening  previous  to  his  arrival.  Everything  was  carried  out, 
however,  according  to  Pontiac's  plans  until  the  moment  of  action,  when 
Major  Gladwyn,  the  commander  of  the  post,  stepping  to  one  of  the  Indian 
chiefs,  suddenly  drew  aside  his  blanket  and  disclosed  the  concealed 
musket.  Pontiac,  though  a  brave  man,  turned  pale  and  trembled.  He 
saw  his  plan  was  known,  and  that  the  garrison  were  prepared.  He 
endeavored  to  exculpate  himself  from  any  such  intentions  ;  but  the  guilt 
was  evident,  and  he  and  his  followers  were  dismissed  with  a  severe 
reprimand,  and  warned  never  to  again  enter  the  walls  of  the  post. 

Pontiac  at  once  laid  siege  to  the  fort,  and  until  the  treaty  of  peace 
between  the  British  and  the  Western  Indians,  concluded  in  August,  1764, 
continued  to  harass  and  besiege  the  fortress.  He  org-anized  a  reo-ular 
commissariat  department,  issued  bills  of  credit  written  out  on  bark, 
which,  to  his  credit,  it  may  be  stated,  were  punctually  redeemed.  At 
the  conclusion  of  the  treaty,  in  which  it  seems  he  took  no  part,  he  went 
further  south,  living  many  years  among  the  Illinois. 

He  had  given  up  all  hope  of  saving  his  country  and  race.  After  a 
time  he  endeavored  to  unite  the  Illinois  tribe  and  those  about  St.  Louis 
in  a  war  with  the  whites.  His  efforts  were  fruitless,  and  onh'  ended  in  a 
quarrel  between  himself  and  some  Kaskaskia  Indians,  one  of  whom  soon 
afterwards  killed  him.  His  death  was,  however,  avenged  by  the  northern 
Indians,  who  nearly  exterminated  the  Illinois  in  the  wars  which  followed. 

Had  it  not  been  for  the  treachery  of  a  few  of  his  followers,  his  plan 
for  the  extermination  of  the  whites,  a  masterly  one,  would  undoubtedly 
have  been  carried  out. 

It  was  in  the  Spring  of  the  year  following  Rogers'  visit  that  Alex- 
ander Henry  went  to  Missillimacnac,  and  everywhere  found  the  strongest 
feelings  against  the  English,  who  had  not  carried  out  their  promises,  and 
were  doing  nothing  to  conciliate  the  natives.  Here  he  met  Ihe  chief, 
Pontiac,  who,  after  conveying  to  him  in  a  speech  the  idea  that  their 
French  father  would  awake  soon  and  utterly  destroy  his  enemies,  said : 
*' Englishman,  although  you  have  conquered  the  French, 'you  have  not 


THE  NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  45 

yet  conquered  us  !  We  are  not  your  slaves !  These  lakes,  these  woods, 
these  mountains,  were  left  us  by  our  ancestors'.  They  are  our  inheritance, 
and  we  will  part  with  tliem  to  none.  Your  nation  supposes  that  we,  like 
the  white  people,  can  not  live  without  bread  and  pork  and  beef.  But  you 
ought  to  know  that  He,  the  Great  Spirit  and  Master  of  Life,  has  provided 
food  for  us  upon  these  broad  lakes  and  in  these  mountains." 

He  then  spoke  of  the  fact  that  no  treaty  had  been  made  with  them, 
no  presents  sent  them,  and  that  he  and  his  people  were  yet  for  war. 
Such  were  the  feelings  of  the  Northwestern  Indians  immediately  after 
the  English  took  possession  of  their  country.  These  feelings  were  no 
doubt  encouraged  by  the  Canadians  and  French,  who  hoped  that  yet  the 
French  arms  might  prevail.  The  treaty  of  Paris,  however,  gave  to  the 
English  the  right  to  this  vast  domain,  and  active  preparations  were  going 
on  to  occupy  it  and  enjoy  its  trade  and  emoluments. 

In  1762,  France,  by  a  secret  treaty,  ceded  Louisiana  to  Spain,  to  pre- 
vent it  falling  into  the  hands  of  the  English,  who  were  becoming  masters 
of  the  entire  West.  The  next  year  the  treaty  of  Paris,  signed  at  Fon- 
tainbleau,  gave  to  the  English  the  domain  of  the  country  in  question. 
Twenty  years  after,  by  the  treaty  of  peace  between  the  United  States 
and  England,  that  part  of  Canada  lying  south  and  west  of  the  Great 
Lakes,  comprehending  a  large  territory  which  is  the  subject  of  these 
sketches,  was  acknowledged  to  be  a  portion  of  the  United  States  ;  and 
twenty. years  still  later,  in  1803,  Louisiana  was  ceded  by  Spain  back  to 
France,  and  by  France  sold  to  the  United  States. 

In  the  half  century,  from  the  building  of  the  Fort  of  Crevecoeur  by 
LaSalle,  in  1680,  up  to  the  erection  of  Fort  Chartres,  many  French  set- 
tlements had  been  made  in  that  quarter.  These  have  already  been 
noticed,  being  those  at  St.  Vincent  (Vincennes),  Kohokia  or  Cahokia, 
Kaskaskia  and  Prairie  du  Rocher,  on  the  American  Bottom,  a  large  ti'act 
of  rich  alluvial  soil  in"  Illinois,  on  the  Mississippi,  opposite  the  site  of  St. 
Louis. 

By  the  treaty  of  Paris,  the  regions  east  of  the  Mississippi,  including 
all  these  and  other  towns  of  the  Northwest,  were  given  over  to  England; 
but  they  do  not  appear  to  have  been  taken  possession  of  until  1765,  when 
Captain  Stirling,  in  the  name  of  the  Majesty  of  England,  established  him- 
self at  Fort  Chartres  bearing  with  him  the  proclamation  of  General  Gage, 
dated  December  30,  1764,  which  promised  religious  freedom  to  all  Cath- 
olics who  worshiped  here,  and  a  right  to  leave  the  country  with  their 
effects  if  they  wished,  or  to  remain  with  the  privileges  of  Englishmen. 
It  was  shortly  after  the  occupancy  of  the  West  by  the  British  that  the 
war  with  Pontiac  opened.  It  is  already  noticed  in  the  sketch  of  that 
chieftain.     By  it  many  a  Briton  lost  his  life,  and  many  a  frontier  settle- 


46  THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

ment  in  its  infancy  ceased  to  exist.  This  was  not  ended  until  the  year 
17G4,  when,  failing  to  capture  Detroit,  Niagara  and  Fort  Pitt,  his  confed- 
eracy became  disheartened,  and,  receiving  no  aid  from  the  French.  Pon- 
tiac  abandoned  the  enterprise  and  departed  to  the  Illinois,  among  whom 
he  afterward  lost  his  life. 

As  soon  as  these  difficulties  were  definitely  settled,  settlers  began 
rapidly  to  survey  the  country  and  prepare  for  occupation.  During  the 
year  1770,  a  number  of  persons  from  Virginia  and  other  British  provinces 
explored  and  marked  out  nearly  all  the  valuable  lands  on  the  Mononga- 
hela  and  along  the  banks  of  the  Ohio  as  far  as  the  Little  Kanawha.  This 
was  followed  by  another  exploring  expedition,  in  which  George  Washing- 
ton was  a  party.  The  latter,  accompanied  by  Dr.  Craik,  Capt.  Crawford 
and  others,  on  the  20th  of  October,  1770,  descended  the  Ohio  from  Pitts- 
burgh to  the  mouth  of  the  Kanawha ;  ascended  that  stream  about  fourteen, 
miles,  marked  out  several  large  tracts  of  land,  shot  several  buffalo,  which 
were  then  abundant  in  the  Ohio  Valley,  and  returned  to  the  fort. 

Pittsburgh  was  at  this  time  a  trading  post,  about  which  was  clus- 
tered a  village  of  some  twenty  houses,  inhabited  by  Indian  traders.  This 
same  year,  Capt.  Pittman  visited  Kaskaskia  and  its  neighboring  villages. 
He  found  there  about  sixty-five  resident  families,  and  at  Cahokia  only 
forty-five  dwellings.  At  Fort  Chartres  was  another  small  settlement,  and 
at  Detroit  the  garrison  were  quite  prosperous  and  strong.  For  a  year 
or  two  settlers  continued  to  locate  near  some  of  these  posts,  generally 
Fort  Pitt  or  Detroit,  owing  to  the  fears  of  the  Indians,  who  still  main- 
tained some  feelings  of  hatred  to  the  English.  The  trade  from  the  posts 
was  quite  good,  and  from  those  in  Illinois  large  quantities  of  pork  and 
flour  found  their  way  to  the  New  Orleans  market.  At  this  time  the 
policy  of  the  British  Government  was  strongly  opposed  to  the  extension 
of  the  colonies  west.  In  1763,  the  King  of  England  forbade,  by  royal 
proclamation,  his  colonial  subjects  from  making  a  settlement  beyond  the 
sources  of  the  rivers  which  fall  into  the  Atlantic  Ocean.  At  the  instance 
of  the  Board  of  Trade,  measures  were  taken  to  prevent  the  settlement 
without  the  limits  prescribed,  and  to  retain  the  commerce  within  easy 
reach  of  Great  Britain. 

The  commander-in-chief  of  the  king's  forces  wrote  in  1769  :  "  In  the 
course  of  a  few  years  necessity  will  compel  the  colonists,  should  they 
extend  their  settlements  west,  to  provide  manufactures  of  some  kind  for 
themselves,  and  when  all  connection  upheld  by  commerce  with  the  mother 
country  ceases,  an  independency  in  their  government  will  soon  follow." 

In  accordance  with  this  policy,  Gov.  Gage  issued  a  proclamation 
in  1772,  commanding  the  inhabitants  of  Vincennes  to  abandon  their  set- 
tlements and  join  some  of  the  Eastern  English  colonies.     To  tMs  thej 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  47 

strenuously  objected,  giving  good  reasons  therefor,  and  were  allowed  to 
remain.  The  strong  opposition  to  this  policy  of  Great  Britain  led  to  its 
change,  and  to  such  a  course  as  to  gain  the  attachment  of  the  French 
population.  In  December,  1773,  influential  citizens  of  Quebec  petitioned 
the  king  for  an  extension  of  the  boundary  lines  of  that  province,  which 
was  granted,  and  Parliament  passed  an  act  on  June  2,  1774,  extend- 
ing the  boundary  so  as  to  include  the  territory  lying  within  the  j)i'esent 
States  of  Ohio,  Indiana,  Illinois  and  Michigan. 

In  consequence  of  the  liberal  policy  pursued  by  the  British  Govern- 
ment toward  the  French  settlers  in  the  West,  they  were  disposed  to  favor 
that  nation  in  the  war  which  soon  followed  with  the  colonies  ;  but  the 
early  alliance  between  France  and  America  soon  brought  them  to  the  side 
of  the  war  for  independence. 

In  1774,  Gov.  Dunmore,  of  Virginia,  began  to  encourage  emigration 
to  the  Western  lands.  He  appointed  magistrates  at  Fort  Pitt  under  the 
pretense  that  the  fort  was  under  the  government  of  that  commonwealth. 
One  of  these  justices,  John  Connelly,  who  possessed  a  tract  of  land  in  the 
Ohio  Valley,  gathered  a  force  of  men  and  garrisoned  the  fort,  calling  it 
Fort  Dunmore.  This  and  other  parties  were  formed  to  select  sites  for 
settlements,  and  often  came  in  conflict  with  the  Indians,  who  yet  claimed 
portions  of  the  valley,  and  several  battles  followed.  These  ended  in  the 
famous  battle  of  Kanawha  in  July,  where  the  Indians  were  defeated  and 
driven  across  the  Ohio. 

During  the  years  1775  and  1776,  by  the  operations  of  land  companies 
and  the  perseveranceof  individuals,  several  settlements  were  firmly  estab- 
lished between  the  Alleghanies  and  the  Ohio  River,  and  western  land 
speculators  were  busy  in  Illinois  and  on  the  Wabash.  At  a  council  held 
in  Kaskaskia  on  July  5,  1773,  an  association  of  English  traders,  calling 
themselves  the  "  Illinois  Land  Company,"  obtained  from  ten  chiefs  of  the 
Kaskaskia,  Cahokia  and  Peoria  tribes  two  large  tracts  of  land  lying  on 
the  east  side  of  the  Mississippi  River  south  of  the  Illinois.  In  1775,  a  mer- 
chant from  the  Illinois  Country,  named  Viviat,  came  to  Post  Vincennes 
as  the  agent  of  the  association  called  the  "  Wabash  Land  Company."  On 
the  8th  of  October  he  obtained  from  eleven  Piankeshaw  chiefs,  a  deed  for 
37,497,600  acres  of  land.  This  deed  was  signed  by  the  grantors,  attested 
by  a  number  of  the  inhabitants  of  Vincennes,  and  afterward  recorded  in 
the  office  of  a  notary  public  at  Kaskaskia.  This  and  other  land  com- 
panies had  extensive  schemes  for  the  colonization  of  the  West ;  but  all 
were  frustrated  by  the  breaking  out  of  the  Revolution.  On  the  20th  of 
April,  1780,  the  two  companies  named  consolidated  under  the  name  of  the 
"  United  Illinois  and  Wabash  Land  Company."     They  afterward  made 


48  THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

strenuous  efforts  to  have  these  grants  sanctioned  by  Congress,  but  all 
sionallv  failed. 

When  the  War  of  the  Revolution  commenced,  Kentucky  was  an  unor- 
ganized country,  though  there  were  several  settlements  within  her  borders. 

In  Hutchins'  Topography  of  Virginia,  it  is  stated  that  at  that  time 
"  Kaskaskia  contained  80  houses,  and  nearly  1,000  white  and  black  in- 
habitants—  the  whites  being  a  little  the  more  numerous.  Cahokia  con- 
tains 50  houses  and  300  white  inhabitants,  and  80  negroes.  There  were 
east  of  the  Mississippi  River,  about  the  year  1771  " — when  these  observa- 
tions were  made  — "  300  white  men  capable  of  bearing  arms,  and  230 
negroes." 

From  1775  until  the  expedition  of  Clark,  nothing  is  recorded  and 
nothing  known  of  these  settlements,  save  what  is  contained  in  a  report 
made  by  a  committee  to  Congress  in  June,  1778.  From  it  the  following 
extract  is  made : 

"Near  the  mouth  of  the  River  Kaskaskia,  there  is  a  village  which 
appears  to  have  contained  nearly  eighty  families  from  the  beginning  of 
the  late  revolution.  There  are  twelve  families  in  a  small  village  at  la 
Prairie  du  Rochers,  and  near  fifty  families  at  the  Kahokia  Village.  There 
are  also  four  or  five  families  at  Fort  Chartres  and  St.  Philips,  which  is  five 
miles  further  up  the  river." 

St.  Louis  had  been  settled  in  February,  1764,  and  at  this  time  con- 
tained, including  its  neighboring  towns,  over  six  hundred  whites  and  one 
hundred  and  fifty  negroes.  It  must  be  remembered  that  all  the  country 
west  of  the  Mississippi  was  now  under  French  rule,  and  remained  so  until 
ceded  again  to  Spain,  its  original  owner,  who  afterwards  sold  it  and  the 
country  including  New  Orleans  to  the  United  States.  At  Detroit  there 
were,  according  to  Capt.  Carver,  who  was  in  the  Northwest  from  1766  to 
1768,  more  than  one  hundred  houses,  and  the  river  was  settled  for  more 
than  twenty  miles,  although  poorly  cultivated— the  people  being  engaged 
in  the  Indian  trade.  This  old  town  has  a  history,  which  we  will  liere 
relate. 

It  is  the  oldest  town  in  the  Northwest,  having  been  founded  by 
Antoine  de  Lamotte  Cadillac,  in  1701.  It  was  laid  out  in  the  form  of  an 
oblong  square,  of  two  acres  in  length,  and  an  acre  and  a  half  in  width. 
As  described  by  A.  D.  Frazer,  who  first  visited  it  and  became  a  permanent 
resident  of  the  place,  in  1778,  it  comprised  within  its  limits  that  space 
between  Mr.  Palmer's  store  (Conant  Block)  and  Capt.  Perkins'  house 
(near  the  Arsenal  building),  and  extended  back  as  far  as  the  public  barn, 
and  was  bordered  in  front  by  the  Detroit  River.  It  was  surrounded  by 
oak  and  cedar  pickets,  about  fifteen  feet  long,  set  in  the  ground,  and  had 
four  gates  —  east,  west,  north  and  south.     Over  the  first  three  of  these 


THE  NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  49 

gates  were  block  houses  provided  with  four  guns  apiece,  each  a  six- 
pounder.  Two  six-gun  batteries  were  planted  fronting  the  river  and  in  a. 
parallel  direction  with  the  block  houses.  There  were  four  streets  running 
east  and  west,  the  main  street  being  twenty  feet  wide  and  the  rest  fifteen 
feet,  while  the  four  streets  crossing  these  at  right  angles  were  from  ten 
to  fifteen  feet  in  width. 

At  the  date  spoken  of  by  Mr.  Frazer,  there  was  no  fort  within  the 
enclosure,  but  a  citadel  on  the  ground  corresponding  to  the  present, 
northwest  corner  of  Jefferson  Avenue  and  Wayne  Street.  The  citadel  was 
inclosed  by  pickets,  and  within  it  were  erected  barracks  of  wood,  two 
stories  high,  sufficient  to  contain  ten  officers,  and  also  barracks  sufficient 
to  contain  four  hundred  men,  and  a  provision  store  built  of  brick.  The 
citadel  also  contained  a  hospital  and  guard-house.  The  old  town  of 
Detroit,  in  1778,  contained  about  sixty  houses,  most  of  them  one  story, 
with  a  few  a  story  and  a  half  in  height.  They  were  all  of  logs,  some 
hewn  and  some  round.  There  was  one  building  of  splendid  appearance, 
called  the  "  King's  Palace,"  two  stories  high,  which  stood  near  the  east 
gate.  It  was  built  for  Governor  Hamilton,  the  first  governor  commissioned 
by  the  British.  There  were  two  guard-houses,  one  near  the  west  gate  and 
the  other  near  the  Government  House.  Each  of  the  guards  consisted  of 
twenty-four  men  and  a  subaltern,  who  mounted  regularly  every  morning 
between  nine  and  ten  o'clock.  Each  furnished  four  sentinels,  who  were 
relieved  every  two  hours.  There  was  also  an  officer  of  the  day,  who  per- 
formed strict  duty.  Each  of  the  gates  was  shut  regularly  at  sunset; 
even  wicket  gates  were  shut  at  nine  o'clock,  and  all  the  keys  were 
delivered  into  the  hands  of  the  commanding  officer.  They  were  opened 
in  the  morning  at  sunrise.  No  Indian  or  squaw  was  permitted  to  enter 
town  with  any  weapon,  such  as  a  tomahawk  or  a  knife.  It  was  a  stand- 
ino-  order  that  the  Indians  should  deliver  their  arms  and  instruments  of 
every  kind  before  they  were  permitted  to  pass  the  sentinel,  and  they  were 
restored  to  them  on  their  return.  No  more  than  twenty-five  Indians  were 
allowed  to  enter  the  town  at  any  one  time,  and  they  were  admitted  only 
at  the  east  and.  west  gates.  At  sundown  the  drums  beat,  and  all  the 
Indians  were  required  to  leave  town  instantly.  There  was  a  council  house 
near  the  water  side  for  the  purpose  of  holding  council  with  the  Indians. 
The  population  of  the  town  was  about  sixty  families,  in  all  about  two 
hundred  males  and  one  hundred  females.  This  town  was  destroyed  by 
fire,  all  except  one  dwelling,  in  1805.  After  which  the  present  ''  new  " 
town  was  laid  out. 

On  the  breaking  out  of  the  Revolution,  the  British  held  every  post  of 
importance  in  the  West.  Kentucky  was  formed  as  a  component  part  of 
Virginia,  and  the  sturdy  pioneers  of  the  West,  alive  to  their  interests, 


60  THE    NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

and  recognizing  the  great  benefits  of  obtaining  the  control  of  the  trade  in 
this  part  of  the  New  World,  held  steadily  to  their  purposes,  and  those 
within  the  commonwealth  of  Kentucky  proceeded  to  exercise  their 
civil  privileges,  by  electing  John  Todd  and  Richard  Gallaway, 
burgesses  to  represent  them  in  the  Assembly  of  the  parent  state. 
Early  in  September  of  that  year  (1777)  the  first  court  was  held 
in  Harrodsburg,  and  Col.  Bowman,  afterwards  major,  who  had  arrived 
in  August,  was  made  the  commander  of  a  militia  organization  which 
had  been  commenced  the  March  previous.  Thus  the  tree  of  loyalty 
was  growing.  The  chief  spirit  in  this  far-out  colony,  who  had  represented 
her  the  year  previous  east  of  the  mountains,  was  now  meditating  a  move 
unequaled  in  its  boldness.  He  had  been  watching  the  movements  of  the 
British  throughout  the  Northwest,  and  understood  their  whole  plan.  Ht, 
saw  it  was  through  their  possession  of  the  posts  at  Detroit,  Vincennes, 
Kaskaskia,  and  other  places,  which  would  give  them  constant  and  easy 
access  to  the  various  Indian  tribes  in  the  Northwest,  that  the  British 
intended  to  penetrate  the  country  from  the  north  and  south,  and  annihi- 
late the  frontier  fortresses.  This  moving,  energetic  man  was  Colonel, 
afterwards  General,  George  Rogers  Clark.  Ho  knew  the  Indians  were  not 
unanimously  in  accord  with  the  English,  and  he  was  convinced  that,  could 
the  British  be  defeated  and  expelled  from  the  Northwest,  the  natives 
might  be  easily  awed  into  neutrality  ;  and  by  spies  sent  for  the  purpose, 
he  satisfied  himself  that  the  enterprise  against  the  Illinois  settlements 
might  easily  succeed.  Having  convinced  himself  of  the  certainty  of  the 
project,  he  repaired  to  the  Capital  of  Virginia,  which  place  he  reached  on 
November  5th.  While  he  was  on  his  way,  fortunately,  on  October  17th, 
Burg03'ne  had  been  defeated,  and  the  spirits  of  the  colonists  greatly 
encouraged  thereby.  Patrick  Henry  was  Governor  of  Virginia,  and  at 
once  entered  heartily  into  Clark's  plans.  The  same  plan  had  before  been 
agitated  in  the  Colonial  Assemblies,  but  there  was  no  one  until  Clark 
came  who  was  sufficiently  acquainted  with  the  condition  of  affairs  at  the 
scene  of  action  to  be  able  to  guide  them. 

Clark,  having  satisfied  the  Virginia  leaders  of  the  feasibility  of  his 
plan,  received,  on  the  2d  of  January,  two  sets  of  instructions — one  secret, 
the  other  open  —  the  latter  authorized  him  to  proceed  to  enlist  seven 
companies  to  go  to  Kentucky,  subject  to  his  orders,  and  to  serve  three 
months  from  their  arrival  in  the  West.  The  secret  order  authorized  him 
to  arm  these  troops,  to  procure  his  powder  and  lead  of  General  Hand 
at  Pittsburgh,  and  to  proceed  at  once  to  subjugate  the  country. 

With  these  instructions  Clark  repaired  to  Pittsburgh,  choosing  rather 
to  raise  his  men  west  of  the  mountains,  as  he  well  knew  all  were  needed 
in  the  colonies  in  the  conflict  there.     He  sent  Col.  W.  B.  Smith  to  Hoi- 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  51 

stou  for  the  same  purpose,  but  neither  succeeded  in  raising  the  required 
number  of  men.  The  settlers  in  these  parts  were  afraid  to  leave  their 
own  firesides  exposed  to  a  vigilant  foe,  and  but  few  could  be  induced  to 
join  the  proposed  expedition.  With  three  companies  and  several  private 
volunteers,  Clark  at  length  commenced  his  descent  of  the  Ohio,  which  he 
navigated  as  far  as  the  Falls,  where  he  took  possession  of  and  fortified 
Corn  Island,  a  small  island  between  the  present  Cities  of  Louisville, 
Kentucky,  and  New  Albany,  Indiana.  Remains  of  this  fortification  may 
yet  be  found.  At  this  place  he  appointed  Col.  Bowman  to  meet  him 
with  such  recruits  as  had  reached  Kentucky  by  the  southern  route,  and 
as  many  as  could  be  spared  from  the  station.  Here  he  announced  to 
the  men  their  real  destination.  Having  completed  his  arrangements, 
and  chosen  his  party,  he  left  a  small  garrison  upon  the  island,  and  on  the 
24th  of  June,  during  a  total  eclipse  of  the  sun,  which  to  them  augured 
no  good,  and  which  fixes  beyond  dispute  the  date  of  starting,  he  with 
his  chosen  band,  fell  down  the  river.  His  plan  was  to  go  by  water  as 
far  as  Fort  Massac  or  Massacre,  and  thence  march  direct  to  Kaskaskia. 
Here  he  intended  to  surprise  the  garrison,  and  after  its  capture  go  to 
Cahokia,  then  to  Vincennes,  and  lastly  to  Detroit.  Should  he  fail,  he 
intended  to  march  directly  to  the  Mississippi  River  and  cross  it  into  the 
Spanish  country.  Before  his  start  he  received  two  good  items  of  infor- 
mation :  one  that  the  alliance  had  been  formed  between  France  and  the 
United  States ;  and  the  other  that  the  Indians  throughout  the  Illinois 
country  and  the  inhabitants,  at  the  various  frontier  posts,  had  been  led  to 
believe  by  the  British  that  the  ^  Long  Knives"  or  Virginians,  were  the 
most  fierce,  bloodthirsty  and  cruel  savages  that  ever  scalped  a  foe.  With 
this  impression  on  their  minds,  Clark  saw  that  proper  management  would 
cause  them  to  submit  at  once  from  fear,  if  surprised,  and  then  from  grati- 
tude would  become  friendly  if  treated  with  unexpected  leniency. 

The  march  to  Kaskaskia  was  accomplished  through  a  hot  July  sun, 
and  the  town  reached  on  the  evening  of  July  4.  He  captured  the  fort 
near  the  village,  and  soon  after  the  village  itself  by  surprise,  and  without 
the  loss  of  a  single  man  or  b}^  killing  any  of  the  enemy.  After  sufficiently 
working  upon  the  fears  of  the  natives,  Clark  told  them  they  were  at  per- 
fect liberty  to  worship  as  they  pleased,  and  to  take  whichever  side  of  the 
great  conflict  they  would,  also  he  would  protect  them  from  any  barbarity 
from  British  or  Indian  foe.  This  had  the  desired  effect,  and  the  inhab- 
itants, so  unexpectedly  and  so  gratefully  surprised  by  the  unlooked 
for  turn  of  affairs,  at  once  swore  allegiance  to  the  American  arms,  and 
when  Clark  desired  to  go  to  Cahokia  on  the  6th  of  July,  they  accom- 
panied him,  and  through  their  influence  the  inhabitants  of  the  place 
surrendered,  and  gladly  placed  themselves  under  his  protection.     Thus 


52  THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

the  two  important  posts  in  Illinois  passed  from  the  hands  of  the  English 
into  the  possession  of  Virginia. 

In  the  person  of  the  priest  at  Kaskaskia,  M.  Gibault,  Clark  found  a 
powerful  allv  and  generous  friend.  Clark  saw  that,  to  retain  possession 
of  the  Northwest  and  treat  successfully  with  the  Indians  within  its  ln)un- 
daries,  he  must  establish  a  government  for  the  colonies  he  had  taken. 
St.  Vincent,  the  next  important  post  to  Detroit,remained  yet  to  be  taken 
before  the  Mississippi  Valley  was  conquered.  M.  Gibault  told  him  that 
he  would  alone,  by  persuasion,  lead  Vincennes  to  throw  off  its  connection 
with  England.  Clark  gladly  accepted  his  offer,  and  on  the  14th  of  July, 
in  company  with  a  fellow-townsman,  M.  Gibault  started  on  his  mission  of 
peace,  and  on  the  1st  of  August  returned  Avith  the  cheerful  intelligence 
that  the  post  on  the  "Oubache"'  had  taken  the  oath  of  allegiance  to 
the  Old  Dominion.  During  this  interval,  Clark  established  his  courts, 
placed  garrisons  at  Kaskaskia  and  Cahokia,  successfully  re-enlisted  his 
men,  sent  word  to  have  a  fort,  which  proved  the  germ  of  Louisville, 
erected  at  the  Falls  of  the  Ohio,  and  dispatched  Mr.  Rocheblave,  who 
had  been  commander  at  Kaskaskia,  as  a  prisoner  of  war  to  Richmond. 
In  October  the  County  of  Illinois  was  established  by  the  Legislature 
of  Virginia,  John  Todd  appointed  Lieutenant  Colonel  and  Civil  Governor, 
and  in  November  General  Clark  and  his  men  received  the  thanks  of 
the  Old  Dominion  through  their  Legislature. 

In  a  speech  a  few  days  afterward,  Clark  made  known  fully  to  the 
natives  his  plans,  and  at  its  close  all  came  forward  and  swore  alle- 
giance to  the  Long  Knives.  While  he  was  doing  this  Governor  Hamilton, 
having  made  his  various  arrangements,  had  left  Detroit  and  moved  down 
the  Wabash  to  Vincennes  intending  to  operate  from  that  point  in  reducing 
the  Illinois  posts,  and  then  proceed  on  down  to  Kentucky  and  drive  the 
rebels  from  the  West.  Gen.  Chirk  had,  on  the  return  of  M.  Gibault, 
dispatched  Captain  Helm,  of  Fauquier  County,  Virginia,  with  an  attend- 
ant named  Heniy,  across  the  Illinois  prairies  to  command  the  fort. 
Hamilton  knew  nothing  of  the  capitulation  of  the  post,  and  was  greatly 
surprised  on  his  arrival  to  be  confronted  by  Capt.  Helm,  who,  standing  at 
the  entrance  of  the  fort  by  a  loaded  cannon  ready  to  fire  upon  his  assail- 
ants, demanded  upon  what  terms  Hamilton  demanded  possession  of  tha 
fort.  Being  granted  the  rights  of  a  prisoner  of  war,  he  surrendered  to 
the  British  General,  who  could  scarcely  believe  his  eyes  when  he  saw  the 
force  in  the  garrison. 

Hamilton,  not  realizing  the  character  of  the  men  with  whom  he  was 
contending,  gave  up  his  intended  campaign  for  the  Winter,  sent  his  four 
hundred  Indian  warriors  to  prevent  troops  from  coming  down  the  Ohio, 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  53 

and  to  annoy  the  Americans  in  oil  ways,  and  sat  quietly  down  to  pass  the 
Winter.  Information  of  all  these  proceedings  having  reached  Clark,  he 
saw  that  immediate  and  decisive  action  was  necessary,  and  that  unless 
he  captured  Hamilton,  Hamilton  would  capture  him.  Clark  received  the 
news  on  the  29th  of  January,  1779,  and  on  February  4th,  having  suffi- 
ciently garrisoned  Kaskaskia  and  Cahokia,  he  sent  down  the  Mississippi 
a  "  battoe,"  as  Major  Bowman  writes  it,  in  order  to  ascend  the  Ohio  and 
Wabash,  and  operate  with  the  land  forces  gathering  for  the  fray. 

On  the  next  day,  Clark,. with  his  little  force  of  one  hundred  and 
twenty  men,  set  out  for  the  post,  and  after  incredible  hard  marching 
thiough  much  mud,  the  ground  being  thawed  by  the  incessant  spring 
rains,  on  the  22d  reached  the  fort,  and  being  joined  by  his  "  battoe,"  at 
once  commenced  the  attack  on  the  post.  The  aim  of  the  American  back- 
woodsman was  unerring,  and  on  the  24th  the  garrison  surrendered  to  the 
intrepid  boldness  of  Clark.  The  French  were  treated  with  great  kind- 
ness, and  gladly  renewed  their  allegiance  to  Virginia.  Hamilton  w^as 
sent  as  a  prisoner  to  Virginia,  where  he  was  kept  in  close  confinement. 
During  his  command  of  the  British  frontier  posts,  he  had  offered  prizes 
to  the  Indians  for  all  the  scalps  of  Americans  they  would  bring  to  him, 
and  had  earned  in  consequence  thereof  the  title  "•  Hair-buyer  General," 
by  which  he  was  ever  afterward  known. 

Detroit  was  now  without  doubt  within  easy  reach  of  the  enterprising 
Virginian,  could  he  but  raise  the  necessary  force.  Governor  Henry  being 
apprised  of  this,  promised  him  the  needed  reinforcement,  and  Clark  con- 
cluded to  wait  until  he  could  capture  and  sufficiently  garrison  the  posts. 
Had  Clark  failed  in  this  bold  undertaking,  and  Hamilton  succeeded  in 
uniting  the  western  Indians  for  the  next  Spring's  campaign,  the  West 
would  indeed  have  been  swept  from  the  Mississippi  to  the  Allegheny 
Mountains,  and  the  great  blow  struck,  which  had  been  contemplated  from 
the  commencement,  by  the  British. 

"  But  for  this  small  army  of  dripping,  but  fearless  Virginians,  the 
union  of  all  the  tribes  from  Georgia  to  Maine  against  the  colonies  might 
have  been  effected,  and  the  whole  current  of  our  history  changed." 

At  this  time  some  fears  were  entertained  by  the  Colonial  Govern- 
ments that  the  Indians  in  the  North  and  Northwest  were  inclining  to  the 
British,  and  under  the  instructions  of  Washington,  now  Commander-in- 
Chief  of  the  Colonial  army,  and  so  bravely  fighting  for  American  inde- 
pendence, armed  forces  were  sent  against  the  Six  Nations,  and  upon  the 
Ohio  frontier.  Col.  Bowman,  acting  under  the  same  general's  orders, 
marched  against  Indians  within  the  present  limits  of  that  State.  These 
expeditions  were  in  the  main  successful,  and  the  Indians  were  compelled 
to  sue  for  peace. 


54  THE   NORTHWEST   TERKITORY. 

During  this  same  year  (1779)  the  famous  "  Land  Laws"  of  Virginia 
were  passed.  The  passage  of  these  hiws  was  of  more  consequence  to  the 
pioneers  of  Kentucky  and  the  Northwest  than  the  gaining  of  a  few  Indian 
conflicts.  These  hiws  confirmed  in  main  all  grants  made,  and  guaranteed 
to  all  actual  settlers  their  rights  and  privileges.  After  providing  for  the 
settlers,  the  laws  provided  for  selling  the  balance  of  the  public  lands  at 
forty  cents  per  acre.  To  carry  the  Land  Laws  into  effect,  the  Legislature 
sent  four  Virginians  westward  to  attend  to  the  various  claims,  over  many 
of  which  great  confusion  prevailed  concerning  their  validity.  These 
gentlemen  opened  their  court  on  October  13,  1779,  at  St.  Asaphs,  and 
continued  until  April  26,  1780,  when  they  adjourned,  having  decided 
three  thousand  claims.  They  were  succeeded  by  the  surveyor,  who 
came  in  the  person  of  Mr.  George  May,  and  assumed  his  duties  on  the 
10th  day  of  the  month  whose  name  he  bore.  With  the  opening  of  the 
next  year  (1780)  the  troubles  concerning  the  navigation  of  the  Missis- 
sippi commenced.  The  Spanish  Government  exacted  such  measures  in 
relation  to  its  trade  as  to  cause  the  overtures  made  to  the  United  States 
to  be  rejected.  The  American  Government,  considered  they  had  a  right 
to  navigate  its  channel.  To  enforce  their  claims,  a  fort  was  erected  below 
the  mouth  of  the  Ohio  on  the  Kentucky  side  of  the  river.  The  settle- 
ments in  Kentucky  were  being  rapidly  filled  by  emigrants.  It  was  dur- 
ing this  year  that  the  first  seminary  of  learning  was  established  in  the 
West  in  this  young  and  enterprising  Commonwealth. 

The  settlers  here  did  not  look  upon  the  building  of  this  fort  in  a 
friendly  manner,  as  it  aroused  the  hostility  of  the  Indians.  Spain  had 
been  friendly  to  the  Colonies  during  their  struggle  for  independence, 
and  though  for  a  while  this  friendship  appeared  in  danger  from  the 
refusal  of  the  free  navigation  of  the  river,  yet  it  was  finally  settled  to  the 
satisfaction  of  both  nations. 

The  Winter  of  1779-80  was  one  of  the  most  unusually  severe  ones 
ever  experienced  in  the  West.  The  Indians  always  referred  to  it  as  the 
''Great  Cold."  Numbers  of  wild  animals  perished,  and  not  a  few 
pioneers  lost  their  lives.  The  following  Summer  a  party  of  Canadians 
and  Indians  attacked  St.  Louis,  and  attempted  to  take  possession  of  it 
in  consequence  of  the  friendly  disposition  of  Spain  to  the  revolting 
colonies.  They  met  with  such  a  determined  resistance  on  the  part  of  the 
inhabitants,  even  the  women  taking  part  in  the  battle,  that  they  were 
compelled  to  abandon  the  contest.  They  also  made  an  attack  on  the 
settlements  in  Kentucky,  but,  becoming  alarmed  in  some  unaccountable 
manner,  they  fled  the  country  in  great  haste. 

About  this  time  arose  the  question  in  the  Colonial  Congress  con- 
cerning the  western  lands  claimed  by  Virginia,  New  York,  Massachusetts 


THE   NORTHWEST    TERRITORY.  55 

and  Connecticut.  The  agitation  concerning  this  subject  finally  led  New 
York,  on  the  19th  of  February,  1780,  to  pass  a  law  giving  to  the  dele- 
gates of  that  State  in  Congress  the  power  to  cede  her  western  lands  for 
the  benefit  of  the  United  States.  This  law  was  laid  before  Congress 
during  the  next  month,  but  no  steps  were  taken  concerning  it  until  Sep- 
tember 6th,  when  a  resolution  passed  that  body  calling  upon  the  States 
claiming  western  lands  to  release  their  claims  in  favor  of  the  whole  body. 
This  basis  formed  the  union,  and  was  the  first  after  all  of  those  legislative 
measures  which  resulted  in  the  creation  of  the  States  of  Ohio,  Indiana, 
Illinois,  Michigan,  Wisconsin  and  Minnesota.  In  December  of  the  same 
year,  the  plan  of  conquering  Detroit  again  arose.  The  conquest  might 
have  easily  been  effected  by  Clark  had  the  necessary  aid  been  furnished 
him.  Nothing  decisive  was  done,  yet  the  heads  of  the  Government  knew 
that  the  safety  of  the  Northwest  from  British  invasion  lay  in  the  capture 
and  retention  of  that  important  post,  the  only  unconquered  one  in  the 
territory. 

Before  the  close  of  the  year,  Kentucky  was  divided  into  the  Coun- 
ties of  Lincoln,  Fayette  and  Jefferson,  and  the  act  establishing  the  Town 
of  Louisville  was  passed.  This  same  year  is  also  noted  in  the  annals  of 
American  history  as  the  year  in  which  occurred  Arnold's  treason  to  the 
United  States. 

Virginia,  in  accordance  with  the  resolution  of  Congress,  on  the  2d 
day  of  January,  1781,  agreed  to  yield  her  western  lands  to  the  United 
States  upon  certain  conditions,  which  Congress  would  not  accede  to,  and 
the  Act  of  Cession,  on  the  part  of  the  Old  Dominion,  failed,  nor  was 
anything  farther  done  until  1783.  During  all  that  time  the  Colonies 
were  busily  engaged  in  the  struggle  with  the  mother  country,  and  in 
consequence  thereof  but  little  heed  was  given  to  the  western  settlements. 
Upon  the  16th  of  April,  1781,  the  first  birth  north  of  the  Ohio  River  of 
American  parentage  occurred,  being  that  of  Mary  Heckewelder,  daughter 
of  the  widely  known  Moravian  missionary,  whose  band  of  Christian 
Indians  suffered  in  after  years  a  horrible  massacre  by  the  hands  of  the 
frontier  settlers,  who  had  been  exasperated  by  the  murder  of  several  of 
their  neighbors,  and  in  their  rage  committed,  without  regard  to  humanity, 
a  deed  which  forever  afterwards  cast  a  shade  of  shame  upon  their  lives. 
For  this  and  kindred  outrages  on  the  part  of  the  whites,  the  Indians 
committed  many  deeds  of  cruelty  which  darken  the  years  of  1771  and 
1772  in  the  history  of  the  Northwest. 

During  the  year  1782  a  number  of  battles  among  the  Indians  and 
frontiersmen  occurred,  and  between  the  Moravian  Indians  and  the  Wyan- 
dots.  In  these,  horrible  acts  of  cruelty  were  practised  on  the  captives, 
many  of  such  dark  deeds  transpiring  under  the  leadership  of  the  notorious 


56 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


frontier  outlaw,  Simon  Girty,  whose  name,  as  well  as  those  of  his  hrothere, 
was  a  terror  to  women  and  children.  These  occurred  chiefl\'  in  the  Ohio 
valleys.  Cotemporary  with  them  were  several  engagements  in  Kentucky, 
in  which  the  famous  Daniel  Boone  engaged,  and  who,  often  by  his  skill 
and  knowledge  of  Indian  warfare,  saved  the  outposts  from  cruel  destruc- 


<^. 


INDIANS    ATTAiKINc;    Ki;(  ).\TIi:i:S.MEX. 

tion.  By  the  close  of  the  year  victory  had  perched  upon  the  American 
banner,  and  on  the  30th  of  November,  provisional  articles  of  peace  had 
been  arranged  Ijetween  the  Commissioners  of  England  and  her  uncon- 
querable  colonies.  Cornwallis  had  been  defeated  on  the  19th  of  October 
preceding,  and  the  liberty  of  America  was  assured.  On  the  19th  ol 
April   following,  the  anniversary  of  the  battle  of  Lexington,  peace  was 


THE    NORTHWEST    TEREITORY.  57 

proclaimed  to  the  arni}^  of  the  United  States,  and  on  the  2d  of  the  next 
September,  the  definite  treaty  which  ended  our  revolutionary  struggle 
was  concluded.  By  the  terms  of  that  treaty,  the  boundaries  of  the  West 
were  as  follows :  On  the  north  the  line  was  to  extend  along  the  center  of 
the  Great  La,kes ;  from  the  western  point  of  Lake  Superior  to  Long  Lake  ; 
thence  to  the  Lake  of  the  Woods ;  thence  to  the  head  of  the  Mississippi 
River;  down  its  center  to  the  31st  parallel  of  latitude,  then  on  that  line 
east  to  the  head  of  the  Appalachicola  River ;  down  its  center  to  its  junc- 
tion with  the  Flint ;  thence  straight  to  the  head  of  St.  Mary's  River,  and 
thence  down  along  its  center  to  the  Atlantic  Ocean. 

Following  the  cessation  of  hostilities  with  England,  several  posts 
were  still  occuj^ied  by  the  British  in  the  North  and  West.  Among  these 
was  Detroit,  still  in  the  hands  of  the  enemy.  Numerous  engagements 
with  the  Indians  throughout  Ohio  and  Lidiana  occurred,  upon  whose 
lands  adventurous  whites  would  settle  ere  the  title  had  been  acquired  by 
the  proper  treaty. 

To  remedy  this  latter  evil.  Congress  appointed  commissioners  to 
treat  with  the  natives  and  purchase  their  lands,  and  prohibited  the  set- 
tlement of  the  territory  until  this  could  be  done.  Before  the  close  of  the 
year  another  attempt  was  made  to  capture  Detroit,  which  was,  however, 
not  pushed,  and  Virginia,  no  longer  feeling  the  interest  in  the  Northwest 
she  had  formerly  done,  withdrew  her  troops,  having  on  the  20th  of 
December  preceding  authorized  the  whole  of  her  possessions  to  be  deeded 
to  the  United  States.  This  was  done  on  the  1st  of  March  followino-,  and 
the  Northwest  Territory  passed  from  the  control  of  the  Old  Dominion. 
To  Gen.  Clark  and  his  soldiers,  however,  she  gave  a  tract  of  one  hundred 
and  fifty  thousand  acres  of  land,  to  be  situated  any  where  north  of  the 
Ohio  wherever  they  chose  to  locate  them.  They  selected  the  region 
opposite  the  falls  of  the  Ohio,  where  is  now  the  dilapidated  village  of 
Clarksville,  about  midway  between  the  Cities  of  New  Albany  and  Jeffer- 
son ville,  Indiana. 

While  the  frontier  remained  thus,  and  Gen.  Haldimand  at  Detroit 
refused  to  evacuate  alleging  that  he  had  no  orders  from  his  King  to  do 
so,  settlers  were  rapidly  gathering  about  the  inland  forts.  In  the  Spring 
of  1784,  Pittsburgh  was  regularly  laid  out,  and  from  the  journal  of  Arthur 
Lee,  who  passed  through  the  town  soon  after  on  his  way  to  the  Indian 
council  at  Fort  Mcintosh,  we  suppose  it  was  not  very  prepossessing  in 
appearance.     He  says : 

"  Pittsburgh  is  inhabited  almost  entirely  by  Scots  and  Irish,  who 
live  in  paltry  log  houses,  and  are  as  dirty  as  if  in  the  north  of  Ireland  or 
even  Scotland.  There  is  a  great  deal  of  trade  carried  on,  the  goods  being 
bought  at  the  vast  expense  of  forty-five  shillings  per  pound  from  Phila- 


68  THE    NORTHWEST   TEKKITORY. 

delphia  and  Baltimore.  They  take  in  the  shops  flour,  wheat,  skins  and 
money.  There  are  in  the  town  four  attorneys,  two  doctors,  and  not  a 
priest  of  any  persuasion,  nor  church  nor  chapel."' 

Kentucky  at  this  time  contained  thirty  thousand  inhabitants,  and 
was  beginning  to  discuss  measures  for  a  separation  from  Virginia.  A 
land  office  was  opened  at  Louisville,  and  measures  were  adopted  to  take 
defensive  precaution  against  the  Indians  who  were  yet,  in  some  instances, 
incited  to  deeds  of  violence  by  the  British.  Before  the  close  of  this  year, 
1784,  the  military  claimants  of  land  began  to  occupy  them,  although  no 
entries  were  recorded  until  1787. 

The  Indian  title  to  the  Northwest  was  not  yet  extinguished.  They 
held  large  tracts  of  lands,  and  in  order  to  prevent  bloodshed  Congress 
adopted  means  for  treaties  with  the  original  owners  and  provided  for  the 
surveys  of  the  lands  gained  thereby',  as  well  as  for  those  north  of  the 
Ohio,  now  in  its  possession.  On  January  31,  1786,  a  treaty  was  made 
with  the  Wabash  Indians.  The  treaty  of  Fort  Stanwix  had  been  made 
in  1784.  That  at  Fort  Mcintosh  in  1785,  and  through  these  much  land 
was  gained.  The  Wabash  Indians,  however,  afterward  refused  to  comply 
with  the  provisions  of  the  treaty  made  with  them,  and  in  order  to  compel 
their  adherence  to  its  provisions,  force  was  used.  During  the  year  1786, 
the  free  navigation  of  the  Mississippi  came  up  in  Congress,  and  caused 
various  discussions,  which  resulted  in  no  definite  action,  only  serving  to 
excite  speculation  in  regard  to  the  western  lauds.  Congress  had  promised 
bounties  of  land  to  the  soldiers  of  the  Revolution,  but  owing  to  the 
unsettled  condition  of  affairs  along  the  Mississippi  respecting  its  naviga- 
tion, and  the  trade  of  the  Northwest,  that  body  had,  in  1783,  declared 
its  inability  to  fulfill  these  promises  until  a  treaty  could  be  concluded 
between  the  two  Governments.  Before  the  close  of  the  year  1786,  how- 
ever, it  was  able,  through  the  treaties  with  the  Indians,  to  allow  some 
grants  and  the  settlement  thereon,  and  on  the  14th  of  September  Con- 
necticut ceded  to  the  General  Government  the  tract  of  land  known  as 
the  "  Connecticut  Reserve,"  and  before  the  close  of  the  following  year  a 
large  tract  of  land  north  of  the  Ohio  was  sold  to  a  company,  who  at  once 
took  measures  to  settle  it.  By  the  provisions  of  this  grant,  the  company 
were  to  pay  the  United  States  one  dollar  per  acre,  subject  to  a  deduction 
of  one-third  for  bad  lands  and  other  contingencies.  They  received 
750,000  acres,  bounded  on  the  south  by  the  Ohio,  on  the  east  by  the 
seventh  range  of  townships,  on  the  west  by  the  sixteenth  range,  and  on 
the  north  by  a  line  so  drawn  as  to  make  the  grant  complete  without 
the  reservations.  In  addition  to  this,  Congress  afterward  granted  100,000 
acres  to  actual  settlers,  and  214,285  acres  as  army  bounties  under  the 
resolutions  of  1789  and  1790. 


THE    NORTHWEST    TERRITORY. 


69 


While  Dr.  Cutler,  one  of  the  agents  of  the  company,  was  pressing 
its  claims  before  Congress,  that  body  was  bringing  into  form  an  ordinance 
for  the  political  and  social  organization  of  this  Territory.  When  the 
cession  was  made  by  Virginia,  in  1784,  a  plan  was  offered,  but  rejected. 
A  motion  had  been  made  to  strike  from  the  proposed  plan  the  prohibition 
of  slavery,  which  prevailed.  The  plan  was  then  discussed  and  altered, 
and  finally  passed  unanimously,  with  the  exception  of  South  Carolina. 
By  this  proposition,  the  Territory  was  to  have  been  divided  into  states 


'^^.^^'«~-'^^• 


A    PRAIRIE    STORM. 


by  parallels  and  meridian  lines.  This,  it  was  thought,  would  make  ten 
states,  which  were  to  have  been  named  as  follows  —  beginning  at  the 
northwest  corner  and  going  southwardly :  Sylvania,  Michigania,  Cher- 
sonesus,  Assenisipia,  Metropotamia,  Illenoia,  Saratoga,  Washington,  Poly- 
potamia  and  Pelisipia. 

There  was  a  more  serious  objection  to  this  plan  than  its  category  of 
names, —  the  boundaries.  The  root  of  the  difficulty  was  in  the  resolu- 
tion of  Congress  passed  in  October,  1780,  which  fixed  the  boundaries 
of  the  ceded  lands  to  be  from  one  hundred  to  one  hundred  and  fifty  miles 


60  THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

square.  These  resolutions  bein^  presented  to  the  Legislatures  of  Vir- 
ginia and  Massachusetts,  they  desired  a  change,  and  in  July,  1786,  the 
sub  ect  was  taken  up  in  Congress,  and  changed  to  favor  a  division  into 
not  more  than  five  states,  and  not  less  than  three.  This  was  approved  by 
the  State  Legislature  of  Virginia.  The  subject  of  the  Government  was 
again  taken  up  by  Congress  in  1786,  and  discussed  throughout  that  year 
and  until  July,  1787,  when  the  famous  "Compact  of  1787"  was  passed, 
and  the  foundation  of  the  government  of  the  Northwest  laid.  This  com- 
pact is  fully  discussed  and  explained  in  the  history  of  Illinois  in  this  book, 
and  to  it  the  reader  is  referred. 

The  passage  of  this  act  and  the  grant  to  the  New  England  Company 
was  soon  followed  by  an  application  to  the  Government  b}-  John  Cleves 
Symmes,  of  New  Jersey,  for  a  grant  of  the  land  between  the  Miamis. 
This  gentleman  had  visited  these  lands  soon  after  the  treaty  of  1780,  and. 
being  greath-  pleased  with  them,  offered  similar  terms  to  those  given  to  the 
New  England  Company.  The  petition  was  referred  to  the  Treasurv 
Board  with  power  to  act,  and  a  contract  was  concluded  the  following 
year.  During  the  Autumn  the  directors  of  the  New  England  Companv 
were  preparing  to  occupy  their  grant  the  following  Spring,  and  upon  the 
23d  of  November  made  arrangements  for  a  party  of  forty-seven  men, 
under  the  superintendency  of  Gen.  Rufus  Putnam,  to  set  forward.  Six 
boat-builders  were  to  leave  at  once,  and  on  the  first  of  January  the  sur- 
veyors and  their  assistants,  twenty-six  in  number,  were  to  meet  at  Hart- 
ford and  proceed  on  their  journey  westward  ;  the  remainder  to  follow  as 
soon  as  possible.  Congress,  in  the  meantime,  upon  the  od  of  October, 
had  ordered  seven  hundred  troops  for  defense  of  the  western  settlers,  and 
to  prevent  unauthorized  intrusions  :  and  two  days  later  appointed  Arthur 
St.  Clair  Governor  of  the  Territory  of  the  Northwest. 

AMERICAN  SETTLEMENTS. 

The  civil  organization  of  the  Northwest  Territory  was  now  couk 
plete,  and  notwithstanding  the  uncertainty  of  Indian  affairs,  settlers  from 
the  East  began  to  come  into  the  country  rapidly.  The  New  Ens-land 
Company  sent  their  men  during  the  Winter  of  17S7-S  pressing  on  over 
the  AUeghenies  by  the  old  Indian  path  which  had  been  opened  into 
Braddock's  road,  and  which  has  since  been  made  a  national  turnpike 
from  Cuml)erland  westward.  Through  the  wearv  winter  davs  thev  toiled 
on,  and  by  April  were  all  gathered  on  the  Yohiogany,  where  boats  had 
been  built,  and  at  once  started  for  the  Muskingum.  Here  thev  arrived 
on  the  7th  of  that  month,  and  unless  the  Moravian  missionaries  be  regarded 
as  the  pioneers  of  Ohio,  this  little  band  can  justly  claim  that  honor. 


THE    NORTHWEST    TERRITORY. 


61 


Gen.  St.  Clair,  the  appointed  Governor  of  the  Northwest,  not  having 
yet  arrived,  a  set  of  laws  were  passed,  written  out,  and  published  hy 
being  nailed  to  a  tree  in  the  embryo  town,  and  Jonathan  Meigs  appointed 
to  administer  them. 

Washington  in  writing  of  this,  the  first  American  settlement  in  the 
Northwest,  said :  "  No  colony  in  America  was  ever  settled  under 
such  favorable  auspices  as  that  which  has  just  commenced  at  Muskingum. 
Information,  property  and  strength  will  be  its  characteristics.  I  know 
many  of  its  settlers  personally,  and  there  never  were  men  better  calcu- 
lated to  promote  the  welfare  of  such  a  community.'" 


m:'m 


v^'^l^^^^^^^^^ 


^^^'^^ 


A    PIONEER    DAVELLING. 


On  the  2d  of  July  a  meeting  of  the  directors  and  agents  was  held 
on  the  banks  of  the  Muskingum,  "  for  the  purjiose  of  naming  the  new- 
born city  and  its  squares."  As  yet  the  settlement  was  known  as  the 
*'Muskingura,"  but  that  was  now  changed  to  the  name  Marietta,  in  honor 
of  Marie  Antoinette.  The  square  uj)on  which  the  block -houses  stood 
was  called  ^'■Campus  Martins ;''  square  number  19,  ^'- Capitoli.um ;""  square 
number  61,  ^'•Cecilia;''  and  the  great  road  through  the  covert  way,  "  Sacra 
Via.''  Two  days  after,  art  oration  was  delivered  by  James  M.  Varnum, 
who  with  S.  H.  Parsons  and  John  Armstrong  had  been  appointed  to  the 
judicial  bench  of  the  territory  on  the  16th  of  Octol)er,  1787.  On  July  9, 
Gov.  St.  Clair  arrived,  and  the  colony  began  to  assume  form.  The  act 
of  1787  provided  two  district  grades  of  government  for  the  Northwest, 


02  THE    NORTRWEST    TERRITORY. 

under  the  first  of  which  the  whole  power  was  invested  in  the  hands  of  a 
governor  and  three  district  judges.  This  was  immediately  formed  upon 
the  Governor's  arrival,  and  the  first  laws  of  the  colony  passed  on  the  25th 
of  July.  These  provided  for  the  organization  of  the  militia,  and  on  the 
next  day  appeared  the  Governor's  proclamation,  erecting  all  that  country 
that  had  been  ceded  by  the  Indians  east  of  the  Scioto  River  into  the 
County  of  Washington.  From  that  time  forward,  notwithstanding  the 
doubts  yet  existing  as  to  the  Indians,  all  Marietta  prospered,  and  on  the 
2d  of  September  the  first  court  of  the  territory  was  held  with  imposing 
ceremonies. 

The  emiirration  westward  at  this  time  was  verv  crreat.  The  com- 
mander  at  Fort  Harmer,  at  the  mouth  of  the  Muskingum,  reported  four 
thousand  five  hundred  persons  as  having  passed  that  post  between  Feb- 
ruary and  June,  1788  —  many  of  whom  would  have  purchased  of  the 
''Associates,"  as  the  New  England  Company  was  called,  had  they  been 
ready  to  receive  them. 

On  the  26th  of  November,  1787,  Symmes  issued  a  pamphlet  stating 
the  terms  of  his  contract  and  the  plan  of  sale  he  intended  to  adopt.  In 
January,  1788,  Matthias  Denman,  of  New  Jersey,  took  an  active  interest 
in  Symmes'  purchase,  and  located  among  other  tracts  the  sections  upon 
which  Cincinnati  has  been  built.  Retaining  one-third  of  this  locality,  he 
sold  the  other  two-thirds  to  Robert  Patterson  and  John  Filson,  and  the 
three,  about  August,  commenced  to  lay  out  a  town  on  the  spot,  which 
was  designated  as  being  opposite  Licking  River,  to  the  mouih  of  which 
they  proposed  to  have  a  road  cut  from  Lexington.  The  naming  of  the 
town  is  thus  narrated  in  the  "Western  Annals  "  : — "  Mr.  Filson,  who  had 
been  a  schoolmaster,  was  appointed  to  name  the  town,  and,  in  respect  to 
its  situation,  and  as  if  with  a  prophetic  perception  of  the  mixed  race  that 
were  to  inhabit  it  in  after  days,  he  named  it  Losantiville,  which,  being 
interpreted,  means  :  ville.  the  town  ;  anti^  against  or  opposite  to  ;  os.  the 
mouth  ;  L.  of  Licking." 

Meanwhile,  in  July,  Symmes  got  thirty  persons  and  eight  four-horse 
teams  under  Avav  for  the  West.  These  reached  Limestone  (now  Mavs- 
ville)  in  September,  where  were  several  persons  from  Redstone.  Here 
Mr.  Symmes  tried  to  found  a  settlement,  but  the  great  freshet  of  1789 
caused  the  "  Point,"  as  it  was  and  is  yet  called,  to  be  fifteen  feet  under 
water,  and  the  settlement  to  be  abandoned.  The  little  band  of  settlers 
removed  to  the  mouth  of  the  Miami.  Before  Symmes  and  his  colony  left 
the  "  Point."  two  settlements  had  been  made  on  his  purchase.  The  first 
was  by  ^Mr.  Stiltes,  the  original  projector  of  the  whole  plan,  who,  with  a 
colony  of  Redstone  people,  had  located  at  the  mouth  of  the  Miami, 
whither   Svmmes  went  with  his  Maysville  colony.     Here  a  clearing  had 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


63 


been  made  by  the  Indians  owing  to  the  great  fertility  of  the  soil.  Mr. 
Stiltes  with  his  colony  came  to  this  place  on  the  18th  of  November,  1788, 
with  twenty-six  persons,  and,  building  a  block-house,  prepared  to  remain 
through  the  Winter.  They  named  the  settlement  Columbia.  Here  they 
were  kindly  treated  by  the  Indians,  but  suffered  greatly  from  the  flood 
of  1789. 

On  the  4th  of  March,  1789,  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States 
went  into  operation,  and  on  April  30,  George  Washington  was  inaug- 
urated President  of  the  American  people,  and  during  the  next  Summer, 
an  Indian  war  was  commenced  by  the  tribes  north  of  the  Ohio.  The 
President  at  first  used  pacific  means ;  but  these  failing,  he  sent  General 
Harmer  against  the  hostile  tribes.     He   destroyed  several  villages,  but 


BREAKING    PRAIRIE. 


was  defeated  in  two  battles,  near  the  present  City  of  Fort  Wayne, 
Indiana.  From  this  time  till  the  close  of  1795,  the  principal  events  were 
the  wars  with  the  various  Indian  tribes.  In  1796,  General  St.  Clair 
was  appointed  in  command,  and  marched  against  the  Indians ;  but  while 
he  was  encamped  on  a  stream,  the  St.  Mary,  a  branch  of  the  Maumee, 
he  was  attacked  and  defeated  with  the  loss  of  six  hundred  men. 

General  Wayne  was  now  sent  against  the  savages.  In  August,  1794, 
he  met  them  near  the  rapids  of  the  Maumee,  and  gained  a  complete 
victory.  This  success,  followed  by  vigorous  measures,  compelled  the 
Indians  to  sue  for  peace,  and  on  the  30th  of  July,  the  following  j-ear,  the 
treaty  of  Greenville  was  signed  by  the  principal  chiefs,  by  which  a  large 
tract  of  country  was  ceded  to  the  United  States. 

Before  proceeding  in  our  narrative,  we  will  pause  to  notice  Fort 
Washington,  erected  in  the  early  part  of  this  war  on  the  site  of  Cincinnati. 
Nearly   all    of   the   great   cities  of   the  Northwest,  and  indeed  of    the 


64  THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITOKY. 

whole  country,  have  had  their  nuclei  in  tho>e  rude  pioneer  struct ures» 
known  as  forts  or  stockades.  Thus  Forts  Dearborn,  Washington,  Pon- 
ehartrain,  mark  the  original  sites  of  the  now  proud  Cities  of  Chicago, 
Cincinnati  and  Detroit.  So  of  most  of  the  flourishing  cities  east  and  west 
of  the  Mississippi.  Fort  Washington,  erected  by  Doughty  in  1790,  was  a 
rude  but  highly  interesting  structure.  It  was  composed  of  a  number  of 
strongly-built  hewed  log  cabins.  Those  designed  for  soldiers'  barracks 
were  a  story  and  a  half  high,  while  those  composing  the  officers  quarters 
were  more  imposing  and  more  conveniently  arranged  and  furnished. 
The  whole  were  so  placed  as  to  form  a  hollow  square,  enclosing  about  an 
acre  of  ground,  with  a  block  house  at  each  of  the  four  angles. 

The  logs  for  the  construction  of  this  fort  were  cut  from  the  cround 
upon  which  it  was  erected.  It  stood  between  Third  and  Fourth  Streets 
of  the  present  city  (Cincinnati)  extending  east  of  Eastern  Row.  now 
Broadway,  which  was  then  a  narrow  alley,  and  the  eastern  boundary  of 
of  the  town  as  it  was  originally  laid  out.  On  the  bank  of  the  river, 
immediately  in  front  of  the  fort,  was  an  appendage  of  the  fort,  called  the 
Artificer's  Yard.  It  contained  about  two  acres  of  ground,  enclosed  by 
small  contiguous  buildings,  occupied  by  workshops  and  quarters  of 
laborers.  Within  this  enclosure  there  was  a  large  two-story  frame  house, 
familiarly  called  the  "  Yellow  House,"  built  for  the  accommodation  of 
the  Quartermaster  General.  For  many  years  this  was  the  best  finished 
and  most  commodious  edifice  in  the  Queen  City.  Fort  Washington  was 
for  some  time  the  headquarters  of  both  the  civil  and  military  governments 
of  the  Northwestern  Territory. 

Following  the  consummation  of  the  treaty  various  gigantic  land  spec- 
ulations were  entered  into  by  different  persons,  who  hoped  to  obtain 
from  the  Indians  in  Michigan  and  northern  Indiana,  large  tracts  of  lands. 
These  Avere  generally  discovered  in  time  to  prevent  the  outrageous 
schemes  from  being  carried  out,  and  from  involving  the  settlers  in  war. 
On  October  27.  170."),  the  treaty  between  the  United  States  and  Spain 
was  signed,  whereby  the  free  navigation  of  the   Mississippi  was  secured. 

No  sooner  had  the  treat}'  of  1795  been  ratified  than  settlements  began 
to  pour  rapidly  into  the  West.  The  great  event  of  the  year  1796  was  the 
occupation  of  that  part  of  the  Northwest  including  Michigan,  which  was 
this  year,  under  the  provisions  of  the  treat}',  evacuated  by  the  British 
forces.  The  United  States,  owing  to  certain  conditions,  did  not  feel 
justified  in  addressing  the  authorities  in  Canada  in  relation  to  Detioit 
and  other  frontier  posts.  When  at  last  the  British  authorities  were 
called  to  give  them  up,  they  at  once  complied,  and  General  Wayne,  who 
had  done  so  much  to  preserve  the  frontier  settlements,  and  who,  before 
the    year's    close,  sickened    and  died  near  Erie,  transferred  his  head- 


THE   NORTHWEST    TERRITORY.  65 

quarters  to  the  neighborhood  of  the  lakes,  where  a  county  named  after 
him  was  formed,  which  included  the  northwest  of  Ohio,  all  of  Michigan, 
and  the  northeast  of  Indiana.  During  this  same  year  settlements  were 
formed  at  the  present  City  of  Chillicothe,  along  the  Miami  from  Middle- 
town  to  Piqua,  while  in  the  more  distant  West,  settlers  and  speculators 
began  to  appear  in  great  numbers.  In  September,  the  City  of  Cleveland 
was  laid  out,  and  during  the  Summer  and  Autumn,  Samuel  Jackson  and 
Jonathan  Sharpless  erected  the  first  manufactory  of  paper — the  "  Red- 
stone Paper  Mill" — in  the  West.  St.  Louis  contained  some  seventy 
houses,  and  Detroit  over  three  hundred,  and  along  the  river,  contiguous 
to  it,  were  more  than  three  thousand  inhabitants,  mostly  French  Canadians, 
Indians  and  half-breeds,  scarcely  any  Americans  venturing  yet  into  that 
part  of  the  Northwest. 

The  election  of  representatives  for  the  territory  had  taken  place, 
and  on  the  4th  of  February,  1799,  they  convened  at  Losantiville  —  now 
known  as  Cincinnati,  liaving  been  named  so  by  Gov.  St.  Clair,  and 
considered  the  capital  of  the  Territory — to  nominate  persons  from  whom 
the  members  of  the  Legislature  were  to  be  chosen  in  accordance  with 
a  previous  ordinance.  Tliis  nomination  being  made,  the  Assembly 
adjourned  until  the  16th  of  the  following  September.  From  those  named 
the  President  selected  as  members  of  the  council,  Henrv  Vandenburo;, 
of  Vincennes,  Robert  Oliver,  of  Marietta,  James  Findlay  and  Jacob 
Burnett,  of  Cincinnati,  and  David  Vance,  of  Vanceville.  On  the  16th 
of  September  the  Territorial  Legislature  met,  and  on  the  24th  the  two 
houses  were  duly  organized,  Henry  Vandenburg  being  elected  President 
of  the  Council. 

The  message  of  Gov.  St.  Clair  Avas  addressed  to  the  Legislature 
September  20th,  and  on  October  13th  that  body  elected  as  a  delegate  to 
Congress  Gen.  Wm.  Henry  Harrison,  who  received  eleven  of  the  votes 
cast,  being  a  majority  of  one  over  his  opponent,  Arthur  St.  Clair,  son  of 
Gen.  St.  Clair. 

The  whole  number  of  acts  passed  at  this  session,  and  approved  by 
the  Governor,  were  thirty-seven  —  eleven  others  were  passed,  but  received 
his  veto.  The  most  important  of  those  passed  related  to  the  militia,  to 
the  administration,  and  to  taxation.  On  the  19th  of  December  this  pro- 
tracted session  of  the  first  Legislature  in  the  West  was  closed,  and  on  the 
30th  of  December  the  President  nominated  Charles  Willins:  Brvd  to  tlie 
office  of  Secretary  of  the  Territory  vice  Wm.  Henry  Harrison,  elected  to 
Congress.     The  Senate  confirmed  his  nomination  the  next  day. 


66  THE   NOKTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


DIVISION    OF   THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

The  increased  emigration  to  the  Northwest,  the  extent  of  the  domain, 
and  the  inconvenient  modes  of  travel,  made  it  very  difficult  to  conduct 
the  ordinary  operations  of  government,  and  rendered  the  efficient  action 
of  courts  almost  impossible.  To  remedy  this,  it  was  deemed  advisable  to 
divide  the  territory  for  civil  purposes.  Congress,  in  1800,  appointed  a 
committee  to  examine  the  question  and  report  some  means  for  its  solution. 
This  committee,  on  the  3d  of  March,  reported  that : 

"In  the  three  western  countries  there  has  been  but  one  court  havinsr 
cognizance  of  crimes,  in  five  years,  and  the  immunity  which  offenders 
experience  attracts,  as  to  an  asylum,  the  most  vile  and  abandoned  crim- 
inals, and  at  the  same  time  deters  useful  citizens  from  making  settlements 
in  such  society.  The  extreme  necessity  of  judiciary  attention  and  assist- 
ance is  experienced  in  civil  as  well  as  in  criminal  cases.  *  *  *  *  To 
minister  a  remedy  to  these  and  other  evils,  it  occurs  to  this  committee 
that  it  is  expedient  that  a  division  of  said  territor}-  into  two  distinct  and 
separate  governments  should  be  made  :  and  that  such  division  l)e  made 
b}^  a  line  beginning  at  the  mouth  of  the  Great  Miami  River,  running 
directly  north  until  it  intersects  the  boundary  between  the  United  States 
and  Canada." 

The  report  was  accepted  by  Congress,  and,  in  accordance  with  its 
suggestions,  that  body  passed  an  Act  extinguishing  the  Northwest  Terri- 
tory, which  Act  was  approved  May  7.     Amdng  its  provisions  were  these  : 

"  That  from  and  after  July  4  next,  all  that  part  of  the  Territory  of 
the  United  States  northwest  of  the  Ohio  River,  which  lies  to  the  westward 
of  a  line  beginning  at  a  point  on  the  Ohio,  opposite  to  the  mouth  of  the 
Kentuckv  River,  and  running  thence  to  Fort  Recovery,  and  thence  north 
until  it  shall  intersect  the  territorial  line  between  the  United  States  and 
Canada,  shall,  for  the  purpose  of  temporary  government,  constitute  a 
separate  territory,  and  be  called  the  Indiana  Territory." 

After  providing  for  the  exercise  of  the  civil  and  criminal  powers  of 
the  territories,  and  other  provisions,  the  Act  fiirtlier  provides : 

"  That  until  it  shall  otherwise  be  ordered  by  the  Legislatures  of  the 
said  Territories,  respectively,  Chillicothe  on  the  Scioto  River  shall  be  the 
seat  of  government  of  the  Territory  of  the  United  States  northwest  of  the 
Ohio  River;  and  that  St.  Vincennes  on  the  Wabash  River  shall  be  the 
seat  of  government  for  the  Indiana  Territory." 

Gen.  Wm.  Henry  Harrison  was  appointed  Governor  of  the  Indiana 
Territory,  and  entered  upon  his  duties  about  a  year  later.  Connecticut 
also  about  this  time  released  her  claims  to  the  reserve,  and  in  March  a  law 


THE  NORTHWEST  TERRITORY.  67 

was  passed  accepting  this  cession.  Settlements  had  been  made  upon 
thirty-five  of  the  townships  in  the  reserve,  mills  had  been  built,  and  seven 
hundred  miles  of  road  cut  in  various  directions.  On  the  3d  of  November 
the  General  Assembly  met  at  Chillicothe.  Near  the  close  of  the  year, 
the  first  missionary  of  the  Connecticut  Reserve  came,  who  found  no 
township  containing-  more  than  eleven  families.  It  was  upon  the  first  of 
October  that  the  secret  treaty  had  been  made  between  Napoleon  and  the 
King  of  Spain,  whereby  the  latter  agreed  to  cede  to  France  the  province 
of  Louisiana. 

In  Januar}^  1802,  the  Assembly  of  the  Northwestern  Territory  char- 
tered the  colleo-e  at  Athens.  From  the  earliest  dawn  of  the  western 
colonies,  education  was  promptly  provided  for,  and  as  early  as  1787, 
newspapers  were  issued  from  Pittsburgh  and  Kentucky,  and  largely  read 
throughout  the  frontier  settlements.  Before  the  close  of  this  year,  the 
Congress  of  the  United  States  granted  to  the  citizens  of  the  Northwestern 
territory  the  formation  of  a  State  government.  One  of  the  provisions  of 
the  "  compact  of  1787  "  provided  that  whenever  the  number  of  inhabit- 
ants within  prescribed  limits  exceeded  45,000,  they  should  be  entitled  to 
a  separate  government.  The  prescribed  limits  of  Ohio  contained,  from  a 
census  taken  to  ascertain  the  legality  of  the  act,  more  than  that  number, 
and  on  the  30th  of  April,  1802,  Congress  passed  the  act  defining  its  limits, 
and  on  the  29th  of  November  the  Constitution  of  the  new  State  of  Ohio, 
so  named  from  the  beautiful  river  forming  its  southern  boundary,  came 
into  existence.  The  exact  limits  of  Lake  Michigan  were  not  then  known, 
but  the  territory  now  included  within  the  State  of  Michigan  was  wholly 
within  the  territory  of  Indiana. 

Gen.  Harrison,  while  residing  at  Vincennes,  made  several  treaties 
with  the  Indians,  thereby  gaining  large  tracts  of  lands.  The  next  year  is 
memorable  in  the  history  of  the  West  for  the  purchase  of  Louisiana  from 
France  by  the  United  States  for  $15,000,000.  Thus  by  a  peaceful  mode, 
the  domain  of  the  United  States  was  extended  over  a  large  tract  of 
country  west  of  the  Mississippi,  and  was  for  a  time  under  the  jurisdiction 
of  the  Northwest  government,  and,  as  has  been  mentioned  in  the  early 
part  of  this  narrative,  was  called  the  "New  Northwest."  The  limits 
of  this  history  will  not  allow  a  description  of  its  territory.  The  same  year 
large  grants  of  land  were  obtained  from  the  Indians,  and  the  House  of 
Representatives  of  the  new  State  of  Ohio  signed  a  bill  respecting  the 
College  Township  in  the  district  of  Cincinnati. 

Before  the  close  of  the  year.  Gen.  Harrison  obtained  additional 
grants  of  lands  from  the  various  Indian  nations  in  Indiana  and  the  present 
limits  of  Illinois,  and  on  the  18th  of  August,  1804,  completed  a  treaty  at 
St.  Louis,  whereby  over  51,000,000  acres  of  lands  were  obtained  from  the 


68  THE   NORTHWEST   TEKKITORY. 

aborigines.  Measures  were  also  taken  to  learn  the  condition  of  affairs  in 
and  about  Detroit. 

C.  Jouett,  the  Indian  agent  in  Michigan,  still  a  part  of  Indiana  Terri- 
tory, reported  as  follows  upon  the  condition  of  matters  at  that  post : 

"  The  Town  of  Detroit. — The  charter,  which  is  for  fifteen  miles 
square,  was  granted  in  the  time  of  Louis  XIV.  of  France,  and  is  now, 
from  the  best  information  I  have  been  able  to  get,  at  Quebec.  Of  those 
two  hundred  and  twenty-five  acres,  only  four  are  occupied  by  the  town 
and  Fort  Lenault.  The  remainder  is  a  common,  except  twenty-four 
acres,  which  were  added  twenty  years  ago  to  a  farm  belonging  to  Wm. 
Macomb.  *  *  *  A  stoctade  incloses  the  town,  fort  and  citadel.  The 
pickets,  as  well  as  the  public  houses,  are  in  a. state  of  gradual  decay.  The 
streets  are  narrow,  straight  and  regular,  and  intersect  each  other  at  right 
angles.     The  houses  are,  for  the  most  part,  low  and  inelegant." 

During  this  year.  Congress  granted  a  township  of  land  for  the  sup- 
port of  a  college,  and  began  to  offer  inducements  for  settlers  in  these 
wilds,  and  the  country  now  comprising  the  State  of  Michigan  began  to 
fill  rapidly  with  settlers  along  its  southern  borders.  This  same  3'ear,  also, 
a  law  Avas  passed  organizing  the  Southwest  Territory,  dividing  it  into  two 
portions,  the  Territory  of  New  Orleans,  which  city  was  made  the  seat  of 
government,  and  the  District  of  Louisiana,  which  was  annexed  to  the 
domain  of  Gen.  Harrison. 

On  the  11th  of  January,  1805,  the  Territory  of  Michigan  was  formed, 
Wm.  Hull  was  appointed  governor,  with  headquarters  at  Detroit,  the 
change  to  take  effect  on  June  30.  On  the  11th  of  that  month,  a  fire 
occurred  at  Detroit,  which  destroyed  almost  every  building  in  the  place. 
When  the  officers  of  the  new  territory  reached  the  post,  they  found  it  in 
ruins,  and  the  inhabitants  scattered  throughout  the  country.  Rebuild- 
ing, however,  soon  commenced,  and  ere  long  the  town  contained  more 
houses  than  before  the  fire,  and  many  of  them  much  better  built. 

While  this  was  being  done,  Indiana  had  passed  to  the  second  grade 
of  government,  and  through  her  General  Assembly  had  obtained  large 
tracts  of  land  from  the  Indian  tribes.  To  all  this  the  celebrated  Indian, 
Tecumthe  or  Tecumseh,  vigorously  protested,  and  it  was  the  main  cause 
of  his  attempts  to  unite  the  various  Indian  tribes  in  a  conflict  with  the 
settlers.  To  obtain  a  full  account  of  these  attempts,  the  workings  of  the 
British,  and  the  signal  failure,  culminating  in  the  death  of  Techjmseh  at 
the  battle  of  the  Thames,  and  the  close  of  the  war  of  1812  in  the  Northwest, 
we  will  step  aside  in  our  story,  and  relate  the  principal  events  of  his  life, 
and  his  connection  with  this  conflict. 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


6v 


TECUMSEH,  THE  SHAWAXOE  CHIEFTAIN. 


(0  THE    NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


TECUMSEH.  AND  THE  WAR  OF  1812. 

This  famous  Indian  chief  was  born  about  the  year  1768,  not  far  from 
the  site  of  the  present  City  of  Piqua,  Ohio.  His  father,  Puckeshinwa, 
was  a  member  of  the  Kisopok  tribe  of  the  Swanoese  nation,  and  his 
mother,  ]Methontaske,  was  a  member  of  the  Turtle  tribe  of  the  same 
people.  They  removed  from  Florida  about  the  middle  of  the  last  century 
to  the  birthplace  of  Tecumseh.  In  1774,  his  father,  who  had  risen  to  be 
chief,  was  slain  at  the  battle  of  Point  Pleasant,  and  not  long  after  Tecum- 
seh, by  his  bravery,  became  the  leader  of  his  tribe.  In  1795  he  was 
declared  chief,  and  then  lived  at  Deer  Creek,  near  the  site  of  the 
present  City  of  Urbana.  He  remained  here  about  one  year,  when  he 
returned  to  Piqua,  and  in  1798,  he  went  to  White  River,  Indiana.  In 
1805,  he  and  his  brother,  Laulewasikan  (Open  Door),  who  had  announced 
himself  as  a  prophet,  went  to  a  tract  of  land  on  the  Wabash  River,  given 
them  by  the  Pottawatomies  and  Kickapoos.  From  this  date  the  chief 
comes  into  prominence.  He  was  now  about  thirty-seven  years  of  age, 
was  five  feet  and  ten  inches  in  height,  was  stoutly  built,  and  possessed  of 
enormous  powers  of  endurance.  His  countenance  was  naturally  pleas- 
ing, and  he  was,  in  general,  devoid  of  those  savage  attributes  possessed 
by  most  Indians.  It  is  stated  he  could  read  and  write,  and  had  a  confi- 
dential secretary  and  adviser,  named  Billy  Caldwell,  a  half-breed,  who 
afterward  became  chief  of  the  Pottawatomies.  He  occupied  the  first 
house  built  on  the  site  of  Chicago.  At  this  time,  Tecumseh  entered 
upon  the  great  work  of  his  life.  He  had  long  objected  to  the  grants  of 
land  made  by  the  Indians  to  the  whites,  and  determined  to  unite  all  the 
Indian  tribes  into  a  league,  in  order  that  no  treaties  or  grants  of  land 
could  be  made  save  by  the  consent  of  this  confederation. 

He  traveled  constantly,  going  from  north  to  south  ;  from  the  south 
to  the  north,  everywhere  urging  the  Indians  to  this  step.  He  was  a 
matchless  orator,  and  his  burning  words  had  their  effect. 

Gen.  Harrison,  then  Governor  of  Indiana,  by  watching  the  move- 
ments of  the  Indians,  became  convinced  that  a  grand  coaispiracy  was 
forming,  and  made  preparations  to  defend  the  settlements.  Tecumseh's 
plan  was  similar  to  Pontiac's,  elsewhere  described,  and  to  the  cunning 
artifice  of  that  chieftain  was  added  his  own  sagacity. 

During  the  year  1809,  Tecumseh  and  the  prophet  were  actively  pre- 
paring for  the  work.  In  that  year.  Gen.  Harrison  entered  into  a  treaty 
with  the  Delawares,  Kickapoos,  Pottawatomies,  Miamis,  Eel  River  Indians 
and  Weas,  in  which  these  tribes  ceded  to  the  whites  certain  lands  upon 
the  Wabash,  to  all  of  which  Tecumseh  entered  a  bitter  protest,  averring 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  71 

as  one  principal  reason  that  he  did  not  want  the  Indians  to  give  up  any 
lands  north  and  west  of  the  Ohio  River. 

Tecumseh,  in  August,  1810,  visited  the  General  at  Vincennes  and 
held  a  council  relating  to  the  grievances  of  the  Indians.  Becoming  unduly 
angry  at  this  conference  he  was  dismissed  from  the  village,  and  soon  after 
departed  to  incite  the  southern  Indian  tribes  to  the  conflict. 

Gen.  Harrison  determined  to  move  upon  the  chief's  headquarters  at 
Tippecanoe,  and  for  this  purpose  went  about  sixty-five  miles  up  the 
Wabash,  where  he  built  Fort  Harrison.  From  this  place  he  went  to  the 
prophet's  town,  where  he  informed  the  Indians  he  had  no  hostile  inten- 
tions, provided  tliey  were  true  to  the  existing  treaties.  He  encamped 
near  the  village  early  in  October,  and  on  the  morning  of  November  7,  he 
was  attacked  by  a  large  force  of  the  Indians,  and  the  famous  battle  of 
Tippecanoe  occurred.  The  Indians  were  routed  and  their  toAvn  broken 
up.  Tecumseh  returning  not  long  after,  was  greatly  exasperated  at  his 
brother,  the  prophet,  even  threatening  to  kill  him  for  rashly  precipitating 
the  war,  and  foiling  his  (Tecumseh's)  plans. 

Tecumseh  sent  word  to  Gen.  Harrison  that  he  was  now  returned 
from  the  South,  and  was  ready  to  visit  the  President  as  had  at  one  time 
previously  been  proposed.  Gen.  Harrison  informed  him  he  could  not  go 
as  a  chief,   which  method  Tecumseh  desired,   and  the  visit  was  never 

made.  * 

In  June  of  the  following  year,  he  visited  the  Indian  agent  at 
Fort  Wayne.  Here  he  disavowed  any  intention  to  make  a  war  against 
the  United  States,  and  reproached  Gen.  Harrison  for  marching  against  his 
people.  The  agent  replied  to  this  ;  Tecumseh  listened  with  a  cold  indif- 
ference, and  after  making  a  few  general  remarks,  with  a  haughty  air  drew 
his  blanket  about  him,  left  the  council  house,  and  departed  for  Fort  Mai- 
den, in  Upper  Canada,  where  he  joined  the  British  standard. 

He  remained  under  this  Government,  doing  effective  work  for  the 
Crown  while  engaged  in  the  war  of  1812  which  now  opened.  He  was, 
however,  always  humane  in  his  treatment  of  the  prisoners,  never  allow- 
ing his  warriors  to  ruthlessly  mutilate  the  bodies  of  those  slain,  or  wan- 
tonly murder  the  captive. 

In  the  Summer  of  1813,  Perry's  victory  on  Lake  Erie  occurred,  and 
shortly  after  active  preparations  were  made  to  capture  Maiden.  On  the 
27th  of  September,  the  American  army,  under  Gen.  Harrison,  set  sail  for 
the  shores  of  Canada,  and  in  a  few  hours  stood  around  the  ruins  of  Mai- 
den, from  which  the  British  army,  under  Proctor,  had  retreated  to  Sand- 
wich, intending  to  make  its  way  to  the  heart  of  Canada  by  the  Valley  of 
the  Thames.  On  the  29th  Gen.  Harrison  was  at  Sandwich,  and  Gen. 
McArthur  took  possession  of  Detroit  and  the  territory  of  Michigan. 


72 


THE   NORTHWEST    TERRITORY. 


On  the  2d  of  October,  the  Americans  began  their  pursuit  of  Proctor, 
whom  they  overtook  on  the  otli,  and  the  battle  of  the  Thames  followed. 
Earlv  in  the  engagement,  Tecumseh  who  was  at  the  head  of  the  column 
of  Indians  was  slain,  and  they,  no  longer  hearing  the  voice  of  their  chief- 
tain, fled.  The  victory  was  decisive,  and  practically  closed  the  war  in 
the  Northwest. 


INDIANS    ATTACKING    A    STOCKADI,. 


Jiist  who  killed  the  great  chief  has  been  a  matter  of  much  dispute  ; 
but  the  weight  of  opinion  awards  the  act  to  Col.  Richard  M.  Johnson, 
who,  fired  at  him  with  a  pistol,  the  shot  proving  fatal. 

In  I8O0  occurred  Burr's  Insurrection.  He  took  possession  of  a 
l)eautiful  island  in  the  Ohio,  after  the  killing  of  Hamilton,  and  is  charged 
by  many  with  attempting  to  set  up  an  indei)endent  government.  His 
plans  were  frustrated  by  the  general  government,  his  j^roperty  confiscated 
and  he  Avas  compelled  to  flee  the  country  for  safety. 


THE  NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  73 

In  January,  1807,  Governor  Hull,  of  Michigan  Territory,  made  a 
treaty  with  the  Indians,  whereby  all  that  peninsula  was  ceded  to  the 
United  States.  Before  the  close  of  the  year,  a  stockade  was  built  about 
Detroit.  It  was  also  daring  this  year  that  Indiana  and  Illinois  endeavored 
to  obtain  the  repeal  of  that  section  of  the  compact  of  1787,  whereby 
slavery  was  excluded  from  the  Northwest  Territory.  These  attempts, 
however,  all  signally  failed. 

In  1809  it  was  deemed  advisable  to  divide  the  Indiana  Territory. 
This  was  done,  and  the  Territory  of  Illinois  was  formed  from  the  western 
part,  the  seat  of  government  being  fixed  at  Kaskaskia.  The  next  year, 
the  intentions  of  Tecumseh  manifested  themselves  in  open  hostilities,  and 
then  began  the  events  already  narrated. 

While  this  war  was  in  progress,  emigration  to  the  West  went  on  with 
surprising  rapidity.  In  1811,  under  Mr.  Roosevelt  of  New  York,  the 
first  steamboat  trip  was  made  on  the  Ohio,  much  to  the  astonishment  of 
the  natives,  many  of  whom  fled  in  terror  at  the  appearance  of  the 
*'  monster."  It  arrived  at  Louisville  on  the  10th  day  of  October.  At  the 
close  of  the  first  week  of  January,  1812,  it  arrived  at  Natchez,  after  being 
nearly  overwhelmed  in  the  great  earthquake  which  occurred  while  on  its 
downward  trip. 

The  battle  of  the  Thames  was  fought  on  October  6,  1813.  It 
effectually  closed  hostilities  in  the  Northwest,  although  peace  was  not 
fully  restored  until  July  22,  1814,  when  a  treaty  was  formed  at  Green- 
ville, under  the  direction  of  General  Harrison,  between  the  United  States 
and  the  Indian  tribes,  in  which  it  was  stipulated  that  the  Indians  should 
cease  hostilities  aoainst  the  Americans  if  the  war  were  continued.  Such, 
happily,  was  not  the  case,  and  on  the  24th  of  December  the  treaty 
of  Ghent  was  signed  by  the  representatives  of  England  and  the  United 
States.  This  treaty  was  followed  the  next  year  by  treaties  with  various 
Indian  tribes  throughout  the  West  and  Northwest,  and  quiet  was  again 
restored  in  this  part  of  the  new  world. 

On  the  18th  of  March,  1816,  Pittsburgh  was  incorporated  as  a  city. 
It  then  had  a  population  of  8,000  people,  and  was  already  noted  for  its 
manufacturing  interests.  On  April  19,  Indiana  Territory  was  allowed 
to  form  a  state  government.  At  that  time  there  were  thirteen  counties 
organized,  containing  about  sixty -three  thousand  inhabitants.  The  first 
election  of  state  officers  was  held  in  August,  when  Jonathan  Jennings 
was  chosen  Governor.  The  officers  were  sworn  in  on  November  7,  and 
on  December  11,  the  State  was  formally  admitted  into  the  Union.  For 
some  time  the  seat  of  government  was  at  Corydon,  but  a  more  central 
location  being  desirable,  the  present  capital,  Indianapolis  (City  of  Indiana), 
vras  laid  out  January  1,  1825. 


74  THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

On  the  28th  of  December  the  Bank  of  Illinois,  at  Shawneetown,  was 
chartered,  with  a  capital  of  $300,000.  At  this  period  all  banks  were 
under  the  control  of  the  States,  and  were  allowed  to  establish  branches 
at  different  convenient  points. 

Until  this  time  Chillicothe  and  Cincinnati  liad  in  turn  enjoyed  the 
privileges  of  being  the  capital  of  Ohio.  But  the  rapid  settlement  of  the 
northern  and  eastern  portions  of  the  State  demanded,  as  in  Indiana,  a 
more  central  location,  and  before  the  close  of  the  year,  the  site  of  Col- 
umbus was  selected  and  surveyed  as  the  future  capital  of  the  State. 
Banking  had  begun  in  Ohio  as  early  as  1808,  when  the  first  bank  was 
chartered  at  Marietta,  but  here  as  elsewhere  it  did  not  bring  to  the  state 
the  hoped-for  assistance.  It  and  other  banks  were  subsequently  unable 
to  redeem  their  currency,  and  were  obliged  to  suspend. 

In  1818,  Illinois  was  made  a  state,  and  all  the  territory  north  of  her 
northern  limits  was  erected  into  a  separate  territory  and  joined  to  Mich- 
igan for  judicial  purposes.  By  the  following  year,  navigation  of  the  lakes 
was  increasing  with  great  rapidity  and  affording  an  immense  source  of 
revenue  to  the  dwellers  in  the  Northwest,  but  it  was  not  until  1826  that 
the  trade  was  extended  to  Lake  Michigan,  or  that  steamships  began  to 
navigate  the  bosom  of  that  inland  sea. 

Until  the  year  1832,  the  commencement  of  the  Black  Hawk  War, 
but  few  hostilities  were  experienced  with  the  Indians.  Roads  were 
opened,  canals  were  dug,  cities  were  built,  common  schools  were  estab- 
lished, universities  were  founded,  many  of  which,  especially  the  Michigan 
University,  have  achieved  a  world  wide-reputation.  The  people  were 
becoming  wealthy.  The  domains  of  the  United  States  had  been  extended, 
and  had  the  sons  of  the  forest  been  treated  with  honesty  and  justice,  the 
record  of  many  years  would  have  been  that  of  peace  and  continuous  pros- 
perity. 

BLACK  HAWK  AND  THE  BLACK  HAWK  WAR. 

This  conflict,  though  confined  to  Illinois,  is  an  important  epoch  in 
the  Northwestern  history,  being  the  last  war  with  the  Indians  in  this  part 
of  the  United  States. 

Ma-ka-tai-me-she-kia-kiah,  or  Black  Hawk,  was  born  in  the  principal 
Sac  village,  about  three  miles  from  the  junction  of  Rock  River  with  the 
Mississippi,  in  the  year  1767.  His  father's  name  was  Py-e-sa  or  Pahaes ; 
his  grandfather's,  Na-na-ma-kee,  or  the  Thunderer.  Black  Hawk  early 
distinguished  himself  as  a  warrior,  and  at  the  age  of  fifteen  was  permitted 
to  paint  and  was  ranked  among  the  braves.  About  the  year  1783,  he 
went  on  an  expedition  against  the  enemies  of  his  nation,  the  Osages,  one 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


76 


BLACK  ITAWK,  THE  SAC  CHIEFTAIN. 


76  THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

of  whom  he  killed  and  scalped,  and  for  this  deed  of  Indian  braver}^  he  was 
permitted  to  join  in  the  scalp  dance.  Three  or  four  years  after  he,  at  the 
head  of  two  hundred  braves,  went  on  another  expedition  against  the 
Osages,  to  avenge  the  murder  of  some  women  and  children  belonging  to 
his  own  tribe.  Meeting  an  equal  number  of  Osage  warriors,  a  fierce 
battle  ensued,  in  which  the  latter  tribe  lost  one-half  their  number.  The 
Sacs  lost  only  about  nineteen  warriors.  He  next  attacked  the  Cherokees 
for  a  similar  cause.  In  a  severe  battle  with  them,  near  the  present  City 
of  St.  Louis,  his  father  was  slain,  and  Black  Hawk,  taking  possession  of 
the  "  Medicine  Bag,"'  at  once  announced  himself  chief  of  the  Sac  nation. 
He  had  now  conquered  the  Cherokees,  and  about  the  year  1800,  at  the 
liead  of  five  hundred  Sacs  and  Foxes,  and  a  hundred  lowas,  he  waged 
war  against  the  Osage  nation  and  subdued  it.  For  two  years  he  battled 
successfully  with  other  Indian  tribes,  all  of  whom  he  conquered. 

Black  Hawk  does  not  at  any  time  seem  to  have  been  friendly  to 
the  Americans.  When  on  a  visit  to  St.  Louis  to  see  his  "  Spanish 
Father,"  he  declined  to  see  an}'-  of  the  Americans,  alleging,  as  a  reason, 
he  did  not  want  two  fathers. 

The  treaty  at  St.  Louis  was  consummated  in  1804.  The  next  year  the 
United  States  Government  erected  a  fort  near  the  head  of  the  Des  Moines 
Rapids,  called  Fort  Edwards.  This  seemed  to  enrage  Black  Hawk,  who 
at  once  determined  to  capture  Fort  Madison,  standing  on  the  west  side  of 
the  Mississippi  above  the  mouth  of  the  Des  Moines  River.  The  fort  was 
garrisoned  by  about  fifty  men.  Here  he  was  defeated.  The  difficulties 
with  the  British  Government  arose  about  this  time,  and  the  War  of  1812 
■followed.  That  government,  extending  aid  to  the  Western  Indians,  by 
giving  them  arms  and  ammunition,  induced  them  to  remain  hostile  to  the 
Americans.  In  August,  1812,  Black  Hawk,  at  the  head  of  al)Out  five 
hundred  braves,  started  to  join  the  British  forces  at  Detroit,  passing  on 
his  way  the  site  of  Chicago,  where  the  famous  Fort  Dearborn  Massacre 
had  a  few  days  before  occurred.  Of  his  connection  with  the  British 
Government  but  little  is  kno\yn.  In  1813  he  with  his  little  band  descended 
the  Mississippi,  and  attacking  some  United  States  troops  at  Fort  Howard 
was  defeated. 

In  the  early  part  of  1815,  the  Indian  tribes  west  of  the  Mississippi 
were  notified  that  peace  had  been  declared  between  the  United  States 
and  England,  and  nearly  all  hostilities  had  ceased.  Black  Hawk  did  not 
sign  any  treaty,  however,  until  May  of  the  following  year.  He  then  recog- 
nized the  validity  of  the  treaty  at  St.  Louis  in  1804.  Ffrom  the  time  of 
signing  this  treaty  in  1816,  until  the  breaking  out  of  the  war  in  1832,  he 
and  his  band  passed  their  time  in  the  common  pursuits  of  Indian  life. 

Ten  years  before  the  commencement  of  this  war,  the  Sac  and  Fox 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  77 

Indians  were  urged  to  join  the  lowas  on  the  west  bank  of  the  Father  of 
Waters.  All  were  agreed,  save  the  band  known  as  the  British  Band,  of 
which  Black  Hawk  was  leader.  He  strenuously  objected  to  the  removal, 
and  was  induced  to  comply  only  after  being  threatened  with  the  power  of 
the  Government.  This  and  various  actions  on  the  part  of  the  white  set- 
tlers provoked  Black  Hawk  and  his  band  to  attempt  the  capture  of  his 
native  village  now  occupied  by  the  whites.  The  war  followed.  He  and 
his  actions  were  undoubtedly  misunderstood,  and  had  his  wishes  been 
acquiesced  in  at  the  beginning  of  tlie  struggle,  much  bloodshed  would 
have  been  prevented. 

Black  Hawk  was  chief  now  of  the  Sac  and  Fox  nations,  and  a  noted 
warrior.  He  and  his  tribe  inhabited  a  village  on  Rock  River,  nearl}^  three 
miles  above  its  confluence  with  the  Mississippi,  where  the  tribe  had  lived 
many  generations.  When  that  portion  of  Illinois  was  reserved  to  them, 
they  remained  in  peaceable  possession  of  their  reservation,  spending  their 
time  in  the  enjoyment  of  Indian  life.  The  fine  situation  of  their  village 
and  the  quality  of  their  lands  incited  the  more  lawless  white  settlers,  who 
from  time  to  time  began  to  encroach  upon  the  red  men's  domain.  From 
one  pretext  to  another,  and  from  one  step  to  another,  the  crafty  white 
men  gained  a  foothold,  until  through  whisky  and  artifice  they  obtained 
deeds  from  many  of  the  Indians  for  their  possessions.  The  Indians  were 
finally  induced  to  cross  over  the  Father  of  Waters  and  locate  among  the 
lowas.  Black  Hawk  was  strenuously  opposed  to  all  this,  l)ut  as  the 
authorities  of  Illinois  and  the  United  States  thought  this  the  best  move,  he 
was  forced  to  comply.  Moreover  other  tribes  joined  the  whites  and  urged 
the  removal.  Black  Hawk  would  not  agree  to  the  terms  of  the  treaty 
made  with  his  nation  for  their  lands,  and  as  soon  as  the  military,  called  to 
enforce  his  removal,  had  retired,  he  returned  to  the  Illinois  side  of  the 
river.  A  large  force  was  at  once  raised  and  marched  against  him.  On 
the  evening  of  May  14,  1832,  the  first  engagement  occurred  between  a 
band  from  this  army  and  Black  Hawk's  band,  in  which  the  former  were 
defeated. 

This  attack  and  its  result  aroused  the  whites.  A  large  force  of  men 
was  raised,  and  Gen.  Scott  hastened  from  the  seaboard,  by  way  of  the 
lakes,  with  United  States  troops  and  artillery  to  aid  in  the  subjugation  of 
the  Indians.  On  the  24th  of  June,  Black  Hawk,  with  200  warriors,  was 
repulsed  by  Major  Demont  between  Rock  River  and  Galena.  The  Ameri- 
can army  continued  to  move  up  Rock  River  toward  the  main  body  of 
the  Indians,  and  on  the  21st  of  July  came  upon  Black  Hawk  and  his  band, 
and  defeated  them  near  the  Blue  Mounds. 

Before  this  action.  Gen.  Henry,  in  command,  sent  word  to  the  main 
armv  by  whom  he  was  immediately  rejoined,  and  the  whole  crossed  the 


78  THE   NORTHWEST   TEKRITORY. 

"Wisconsin  in  pursuit  of  Black  Hawk  and  his  band  who  were  fleeing  to  the 
Mississippi.  They  were  overtaken  on  the  ild  of  August,  and  in  the  battle 
which  followed  the  power  of  the  Indian  chief  was  completely  broken.  He 
fled,  but  was  seized  by  the  Winnebasroes  and  delivered  to  the  whites. 

On  the  21st  of  September,  18-32,  Gen.  Scott  and  Gov.  Reynolds  con- 
cluded a  treaty  with  the  Winnebagoes,  Sacs  and  Foxes  b}-  which  they 
ceded  to  the  United  States  a  vast  tract  of  country,  and  agreed  to  remain 
peaceable  with  the  whites.  For  the  faithful  performance  of  the  provi- 
sions of  this  treaty  on  the  part  of  the  Indians,  it  was  stipulated  that 
Black  Hawk,  his  two  sons,  the  prophet  Wabokieshiek,  and  six  other  chiefs 
of  the  hostile  band>^  should  be  retained  as  hostages  during  the  pleasure 
of  the  President.    They  were  confined  at  Fort  Barracks  and  put  in  irons. 

The  next  Spring,  by  order  of  the  Secretary  of  War.  they  were  taken 
to  "Washington.  From  there  they  were  removed  to  Fortress  ^lonroe, 
"there  to  remain  until  the  conduct  of  their  nation  was  such  as  to  justify 
their  being  set  at  libert}-."  They  were  retained  here  until  the  4th  of 
June,  Avhen  the  authorities  directed  them  to  be  taken  to  the  principal 
cities  so  that  they  might  see  the  folly  of  contending  against  the  white 
people.  Everywhere  they  were  observed  by  thousands,  the  name  of  the 
old  chief  being  e<tensively  known.  By  the  middle  of  August  they 
reached  Fort  Armstrong  on  Rock  Island,  where  Black  Hawk  was  soon 
after  released  to  go  to  his  countrymen.  As  he  passed  the  site  of  his  birth- 
place, now  the  home  of  the  white  man,  he  was  deeply  moved.  His  village 
where  he  was  born,  where  he  had  so  happily  lived,  and  where  he  had 
hoped  to  die,  was  now  another's  dwelling  place,  and  he  was  a  wanderer. 

On  the  next  day  after  his  release,  he  went  at  once  to  his  tribe  and 
his  lodge.  His  wife  was  yet  living,  and  with  her  he  passed  the  remainder 
of  his  days.  To  his  credit  it  may  be  said  that  Black  Hawk  always  re- 
mained true  to  his  wife,  and  served  her  with  a  devotion  uncommon  among 
the  Indians,  living  with  her  upward  of  forty  years. 

Black  Hawk  now  passed  his  time  hunting  and  fishing.  A  deep  mel- 
ancholy had  settled  over  him  from  which  he  could  not  be  freed.  At  all 
times  when  he  visited  the  whites  he  was  received  with  marked  atten- 
tion. He  was  an  honored  ofuest  at  the  old  settlers"  reunion  in  Lee  County, 
Illinois,  at  some  of  their  meetings,  and  received  many  tokens  of  esteem. 
In  September,  1838,  while  on  his  way  to  Rock  Island  to  receive  his 
annuity  from  the  Government,  he  contracted  a  severe  cold  which  resulted 
in  a  fatal  attack  of  bilious  fever  which  terminated  his  life  on  October  3. 
His  faithful  wife,  who  was  devotedly  attached  to  him,  mourned  deeply 
during  his  sickness.  After  his  death  he  was  dressed  in  the  uniform  pre- 
sented to  him  by  the  President  while  in  Washington.  He  was  buried  in 
a  grave  six  feet  in  depth,  situated  upon  a  beautiful  eminence.     "  The 


THE    NORTHWEST    TERRITORY.  79 

body  was  placed  in  the  middle  of  the  grave,  in  a  sitting  posture,  upon  a 
seat  constructed  for  the  purpose.  On  his  left  side,  the  cane,  given  him 
by  Henry  Clay,  was  placed  upright,  with  his  right  hand  resting  upon  it. 
Many  of  the  old  Avarrior's  trophies  were  placed  in  the  grave,  and  some 
Indian  garments,  together  with  his  favorite  weapons." 

No  sooner  was  the  Black  Hawk  war  concluded  than  settlers  began 
rapidly  to  pour  into  the  northern  parts  of  Illinois,  and  into  Wisconsin, 
now  free  from  Indian  depredations.  Chicago,  from  a  trading  post,  had 
grown  to  a  commercial  center,  and  was  rapidly  coming  into  prominence. 
In  1835,  the  formation  of  a  State  Government  in  Michigan  was  discussed, 
but  did  not  take  active  form  until  two  years  later,  when  the  State  became 
a  part  of  the  Federal  Union. 

The  main  attraction  to  that  portion  of  the  Northwest  lying  west  of 
Lake  Michigan,  now  included  in  the  State  of  Wisconsin,  was  its  alluvial 
wealth.  Copper  ore  was  found  about  Lake  Superior.  For  some  time  this 
region  was  attached  to  Michigan  for  judiciary  purposes,  but  in  183()  was 
made  a  territory,  then  including  Minnesota  and  Iowa.  The  latter  State 
was  detached  two  years  later.  In  1848,  Wisconsin  was  admitted  as  a 
State,  Madison  being  made  the  capital.  We  have  now  traced  the  various 
divisions  of  the  Northwest  Territory  (save  a  little  in  Minnesota)  from 
the  time  it  was  a  unit  comprising  this  vast  territory,  until  circumstances 
compelled  its  present  division. 

OTHER   INDIAN   TROUBLES. 

Before,  leaving  this  part  of  the  narrative,  we  will  narrate  briefly  the 
Indian  troubles  in  Minnesota  and  elsewhere  by  the  Sioux  Indians. 

In  August,  1862,  the  Sioux  Indians  living  on  the  western  borders  of 
Minnesota  fell  upon  the  unsuspecting  settlers,  and  in  a  few  hours  mas- 
sacred ten  or  twelve  hundred  persons.  A  distressful  panic  was  the 
immediate  result,  fully  thirty  thousand  persons  fleeing  from  their  homes 
to  districts  supposed  to  be  better  protected.  The  military  authorities 
at  once  took  active  measures  to  punish  the  savages,  and  a  large  number 
were  killed  and  captured.  About  a  year  after,  Little  Crow,  the  chief, 
was  killed  by  a  Mr.  Lampson  near  Scattered  Lake.  Of  those  captured, 
thirty  were  hung  at  Mankato,  and  the  remainder,  through  fears  of  mob 
violence,  were  removed  to  Camp  McClellan,  on  the  outskirts  of  the  City 
of  Davenport.  It  was  here  that  Big  Eagle  came  into  prominence  and 
secured  his  release  by  the  following  order : 


80 


THE   N'OKTFfWKST   TERRITORY. 


»^^ 


BIG  EAGLE. 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  8X 

"Special  Ordei\  No.  430.  '^  War  Department, 

"■  Adjutant  General's  (Jffice,  Washington,  Dec.  3, 1864. 

'•  Big  Eagle,  an  Indian  now  in  confinement  at  Davenport,  Iowa, 
will,  upon  the  receipt  of  this  order,  be  immediately  released  from  confine- 
ment and  set  at  liberty. 

•'  B}^  order  of  the  President  of  the  United  States. 
"  Official :  "  E.  D.  Townsend,  AssH  Adft  Gen. 

"  Capt.  James  Vanderventer,  Corny  Sub.  Vols. 
^'  Through  Com'g  Gen'l,  Washington,  D.  C." 

Another  Indian  who  figures  more  prominently  than  Big  Eagle,  and. 
who  was  more  cowardly  in  his  nature,  with  his  band  of  Modoc  Indians, 
is  noted  in  the  annals  of  the  New  Northwest:  we  refer  to  Captain  Jack. 
This  distinguished  Indian,  noted  for  his  cowardly  murder  of  Gen.  Canby^ 
was  a  chief  of  a  Modoc  tribe  of  Indians  inhabiting  the  border  lands 
between  California  and  Oregon.  This  region  of  country  comprises  what 
is  known  as  the  "  Lava  Beds,"  a  tract  of  land  described  as  utterly  impenc' 
trable,  save  by  those  savages  who  had  made  it  their  home. 

The  Modocs  are  known  as  an  exceedingly  fierce  and  treacherous 
race.  They  had,  according  to  their  own  traditions,  resided  here  for  many 
generations,  and  at  one  time  were  exceedingly  numerous  and  powerful. 
A  famine  carried  off  nearly  half  their  numbers,  and  disease,  indolence 
and  the  vices  of  the  white  man  have  reduced  them  to  a  poor,  weak  and 
insignificant  tribe. 

Soon  after  the  settlement  of  California  and  Oregon,  complaints  began 
to  be  heard  of  massacres  of  emigrant  trains  passing  through  the  Modoc 
country.  In  1847,  an  emigrant  train,  comprising  eighteen  souls,  was  en- 
tirely destroyed  at  a  place  since  known  as  "  Bloody  Point."  These  occur- 
rences caused  the  United  States  Government  to  appoint  a  peace  commission, 
who,  after  repeated  attempts,  in  1864,  made  a  treaty  with  the  Modocs, 
Snakes  and  Klamaths,  in  whicli  it  was  agreed  on  their  part  to  remove  to 
a  reservation  set  apart  for  them  in  the  southern  part  of  Oregon. 

With  the  exception  of  Captain  Jack  and  a  band  of  his  followers,  who 
remained  at  Clear  Lake,  about  six  miles  from  Klamath,  all  the  Indians 
complied.  The  Modocs  who  went  to  the  reservation  were  under  chief 
Schonchin.  Captain  Jack  remained  at  the  lake  without  disturbance 
until  1869,  when  he  was  also  induced  to  remove  to  the  reservation.  The 
Modocs  and  the  Klamaths  soon  became  involved  in  a  quarrel,  and  Captain 
Jack  and  his  band  returned  to  the  Lava  Beds. 

Several  attempts  were  made  by  the  Indian  Commissioners  to  induce 
them  to  return  to  the  reservation,  and  finally  becoming  involved  in  a 


82  THE    NORTHWEST    TERRITORY. 

difficulty  with  the  commissioner  and  his  military  escort,  a  fight  ensued, 
in  whicli  tlie  chief  and  his  hand  were  routed.  They  were  greatly  enraged, 
and  on  their  retreat,  before  the  day  closed,  killed  eleven  inoffensive  wliites. 

The  nation  was  aroused  and  immediate  action  demanded.  A  com- 
mission was  at  once  appointed  by  the  Government  to  see  what  could  be 
done.  It  comprised  the  following  persons  :  Gen.  E.  R.  S.  Canby,  Rev. 
Dr.  E.  Thomas,  a  leading  Methodist  divine  of  California ;  Mr.  A.  B. 
Meacham,  Judge  Rosborough,  of  California,  and  a  Mr.  Dyer,  of  Oregon. 
After  several  interviews,  in  whicli  the  savages  were  always  aggressive, 
often  appearing  with  scalj)s  in  their  belts.  Bogus  Charley  came  to  the 
commission  on  the  evening  of  April  10,  1873,  and  informed  them  that 
Capt.  Jack  and  his  band  would  have  a  "  talk  ''  to-morrow  at  a  place  near 
Clear  Lake,  about  three  miles  distant.  Here  the  Commissioners,  accom- 
panied by  Charley,  Riddle,  the  interpreter,  and  Boston  Charley  repaired. 
After  the  usual  greeting  the  council  proceedings  commenced.  On  behalf 
of  the  Indians  there  were  present :  Capt.  Jack,  Black  Jim,  Schnac  Nasty 
Jim,  Ellen's  Man,  and  Hooker  Jim.  They  had  no  guns,  but  carried  pis- 
tols. After  short  speeches  by  Mr.  Meacham,  Gen.  Canby  and  Dr.  Thomas, 
Chief  Schonchin  arose  to  speak.  He  had  scarcely  proceeded  when, 
as  if  by  a  preconcerted  arrangement,  Capt.  Jack  drew  his  pistol  and  shot 
Gen.  Canby  dead.  In  less  than  a  minute  a  dozen  shots  were  fired  by  the 
savages,  and  the  massacre  completed.  Mr.  Meacham  was  shot  by  Schon- 
chin, and  Dr.  Thomas  by  Boston  Charley.  Mr.  Dyer  barely  escaped,  being 
fired  at  twice.  Riddle,  the  interpreter,  and  his  squaw  escaped.  The 
troops  rushed  to  the  spot  where  they  found  Gen.  Canby  and  Dr.  Thomas 
dead,  and  Mr.  Meacham  badly  wounded.  The  savages  had  escaped  to 
their  impenetrable  fastnesses  and  could  not  be  pursued. 

The  whole  country  was  aroused  by  this  brutal  massacre ;  but  it  was 
not  until  the  following  May  that  the  murderers  were  brought  to  justice. 
At  that  time  Boston  Charley  gave  himself  up,  and  offered  to  guide  the 
troops  to  Capt.  Jack's  stronghold.  This  led  to  the  capture  of  his  entire 
gang,  a  number  of  whom  were  murdered  by  Oregon  volunteers  while  on 
their  way  to  trial.  The  remaining  Indians  were  held  as  prisoners  until 
July  when  their  trial  occurred,  which  led  to  the  conviction  of  Capt. 
Jack,  Schonchin,  Boston  Charley,  Hooker  Jim,  Broncho,  alias  One-Eyed 
Jim,  and  Slotuck,  who  were  sentenced  to  be  hanged.  These  sentences 
were  approved  by  the  President,  save  in  the  case  of  Slotuck  and  Broncho 
whose  sentences  were  commuted  to  imprisonment  for  life.  The  others 
were  executed  at  Fort  Klamath,  October  3,  1873. 

These  closed  the  Indian  troubles  for  a  time  in  the  Northwest,  and  for 
several  years  the  borders  of  civilization  remained  in  peace.  They  were 
again  involved  in  a    conflict  with  the  savages  about  the  country  of  the 


THE    NORTHWEST    TERRITORY. 


S-3 


CAPTAIN  JACK,  THE  MODOC  CHIEFTAIN. 


84  THE    NORTHWEST    TERRITORY. 

Black  Hills,  in  which  war  the  gallant  Gen.  Custer  lost  his  life.  Just 
now  the  borders  of  Oregon  and  California  are  again  in  fear  of  hostilities  ; 
but  as  the  Government  has  learned  how  to  deal  with  the  Indians,  they 
will  be  of  short  duration.  The  red  man  is  fast  passing  away  before  the 
march  of  the  white  man,  and  a  few  more  generations  will  read  of  the 
Indians  as  one  of  the  nations  of  the  past. 

The  Northwest  abounds  in  memorable  places.  We  have  generally 
noticed  them  in  the  narrative,  but  our  space  forbids  their  description  in 
detail,  save  of  the  most  important  places.  Detroit,  Cincinnati,  Vincennes, 
Kaskaskia  and  their  kindred  towns  have  all  been  described.  But  ere  we 
leave  the  narrative  we  will  present  our  readers  with  an  account  of  the 
Kinzie  house,  the  old  landmark  of  Chicago,  and  the  discovery  of  the 
source  of  the  Mississippi  River,  each  of  which  may  well  find  a  place  in 
the  annals  of  the  Northwest. 

Mr.  John  Kinzie,  of  the  Kinzia  house,  represented  in  the  illustra- 
tion, established  a  trading  house  at  Fort  Dearborn  in  1804.  The  stockade 
had  been  erected  the  year  previous,  and  named  Fort  Dearborn  in  honor 
of  the  Secretary  of  War.  It  had  a  block  house  at  each  of  the  two  angles, 
on  the  southern  side  a  sallyport,  a  covered  way  on  the  north  side,  that  led 
down  to  the  river,  for  the  double  purpose  of  providing  means  of  escape, 
and  of  procuring  water  in  the  event  of  a  siege. 

Fort  Dearborn  stood  on  the  south  bank  of  the  Chicago  River,  about 
half  a  mile  from  its  mouth.  When  Major  Whistler  built  it,  his  soldiers 
hauled  all  the  timber,  for  he  had  no  oxen,  and  so  economically  did  he 
work  that  the  fort  cost  the  Government  only  fifty  dollars.  For  a  while 
the  garrison  could  get  no  grain,  and  Whistler  and  his  men  subsisted  on 
acorns.     Now  Chicago  is  the  greatest  grain  center  in  the  world. 

Mr.  Kinzie  bought  the  hut  of  the  first  settler,  Jean  Baptiste  Point  au 
Sable,  on  the  site  of  which  he  erected  his  mansion.  Within  an  inclosure 
in  front  he  planted  some  Lombardy  poplars,  seen  in  the  engraving,  and  in 
the  rear  he  soon  had  a  fine  garden  and  growing  orchard. 

In  1812  the  Kinzie  house  and  its  surroundings  became  the  theater 
of  stirring  events.  The  garrison  of  Fort  Dearborn  consisted  of  fifty-four 
men,  under  the  charge  of  Capt.  Nathan  Heald,  assisted  by  Lieutenant 
Lenai  T.  Helm  (son-in-law  to  Mrs.  Kinzie),  and  Ensign  Ronan.  The 
surgeon  was  Dr.  Voorhees.  The  only  residents  at  the  post  at  that  time 
were  the  wives  of  Capt.  Heald  and  Lieutenant  Helm  and  a  few  of  the 
soldiers,  Mr.  Kinzie  and  his  family,  and  a  few  Canadian  voyagers  with  their 
wives  and  children.  The  soldiers  and  Mr.  Kinzie  were  on  the  most 
friendly  terms  with  the  Pottawatomies  and  the  Winnebagoes,  the  prin- 
cipal tribes  ai-ound  them,  but  they  could  not  win  them  from  their  attach- 
ment to  the  British. 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


85 


After  the  battle  of  Tippecanoe  it  was  observed  that  some  of  the  lead- 
ing chiefs  became  sullen,  for  some  of  their  people  had  perished  in  that 
conflict  with  American  troops. 

One  evening  in  April,  1812,  Mr.  Kinzie  sat  playing  his  violin  and  his 
children  were  dancing  to  the  music,  when  Mrs.  Kinzie  came  rushing  into 
the  house  pale  with  terror,  and  exclaiming,  "  The  Indians  !  the  Indians  !  " 
"  What?  Where?  "  eagerly  inquired  Mr.  Kinzie.  "  Up  at  Lee's,  killino- 
and  scalping,"  answered  the  frightened  mother,  who,  when  the  alarm  was 
given,  was  attending  Mrs.  Burns,  a  newly-made  mother,  living  not  far  off. 


KTNZIE    HOUSE. 

Mr.  Kinzie  and  his  family  crossed  the  river  in  boats,  and  took  refuge  in 
the  fort,  to  which  place  Mrs.  Burns  and  her  infant,  not  a  day  old,  were 
conveyed  in  safety  to  the  shelter  of  the  guns  of  Fort  Dearborn,  and  the 
rest  of  the  white  inhabitants  fled.  The  Indians  were  a  scalping  party  of 
Winnebagoes,  who  hovered  around  the  fort  some  days,  when  they  dis- 
appeared, and  for  several  weeks  the  inhabitants  were  not  disturbed  by 
alarms. 

Chicago  was  then  so  deep  in  the  wilderness,  that  the  news  of  the 
declaration  of  war  against  Great  Britain,  made  on  the  19th  of  June,  1812, 
did  not  reach  the  commander  of  the  garrison  at  Fort  Dearborn  till  the  7th 
of  August.  Now  the  fast  mail  train  will  carry  a  man  from  New  York  to 
Chicago  in  twenty-seven  hours,  and  such  a  declaration  might  be  sent, 
every  word,  by  the  telegraph  in  less  than  the  same  number  of  minutes. 


M' 


THE   ITOETHWEST    TERRITORY. 


87 


PRESENT    CONDITIOX    OF    THE    NORTHWEST 

Preceding-  chapters  have  brought  us  to  the  close  of  the  Black  Hawk 
war,  and  we  now  turn  to  the  contempLation  of  the  growth  and  prosperity 
of  the  Northwest  under  the  smile  of  peace  and  the  blessings  of  our  civili- 
zation.    The  pioneers  of  this  region  date  events  back  to  the  deep  snow 


-   s^  /;)}' 


A    REPKESKKTATIVE    PIOXEER. 


of  1831,  no  one  arriving  here  since  that  date  taking  first  honors.  The 
inciting  cause  of  the  immigration  wliich  overflowed  the  prairies  early  in 
the  '30s  was  the  reports  of  the  marvelous  beauty  and  fertility  of  the 
region  distributed  through  the  East  by  those  who  had  participated  in  the 
Black  Hawk  campaign  with  Gen.  Scott.  (^'hicago  and  Milwaukee  then 
had  a  few  hundred  inhabitants,  and  Gurdon  S.  Hubbard's  trail  from  the 
former  c!ty  to  Kaskaskia  led  almost  through  a  wilderness.  Vegetables 
and  clothing  were  largely  distributed  through  the  regions  adjoining  the 


88 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


lakes  by  steamers  from  the  Ohio  towns.  There  are  men  now  living  in 
Illinois  who  came  to  the  state  when  barely  an  acre  was  in  cultivation, 
and  a  man  now  prominent  in  the  business  circles  of  Chicago  looked  over 
the  swampy,  cheerless  site  of  that  metropolis  in  1818  and  Avent  south- 
ward into  civilization.     Emigrants;  from  Pennsvlvania  in  1830  left  behind 


LINCOLN    ^lONUMENT,    srillNGFlELD,    ILLINOIS. 

them  but  one  small  railway  in  tlie  coal  regions,  thirty  miles  in  length, 
and  made  their  way  to  the  Northwest  mostly  with  ox  teams,  finding  in 
Northern  Illinois  petty  settlements  scores  of  miles  apart,  although  the 
southern  portion  of  the  state  was  fairly  dotted  with  farms.  The 
water  courses  of  the  lakes  and  rivers  furnished  transportation  to  the 
second  crreat  armv  of  immigrants,  and  about  1850  railroads  were 
pushed  to  that  extent  that  the  crisis  of  1837   was  precipitated  upon  us, 


THE    NORTHWEST    TERRITORY. 


89 


from  the  effects  of  which  the  "Western  country  had  not  fully  recovered 
at  the  outbreak  of  the  war.  Hostilities  found  the  colonists  of  the  prairies 
fuUv  alive  to  the  demands  of  the  occasion,  and  the  honor  of  recruiting 


IL 


o 


o 
o 
a 

■fl 


"A 

O 


the  vast  armies  of  the  Union  fell  larofelv  to  Gov.  Yates,  of  Illinois,  and 
Gov.  Morton,  of  Indiana.  To  recount  the  share  of  the  glories  of  the 
campaign  won  hf  cv-  Western  troops  is  a  needless  task,  except  to 
mention  the  fact  that  Illinois  g-ave  co  the  nation  the  President  who  saved 


90 


THE   NORTHWEST    TEltltlTOBY. 


it,  and  sent  out  at  the  head  of  one  of  its  regiments  tne  general  Avho  led 
its  armies  to  the  final  victory  at  Apiiomattox.      The  struggle,  on  the 


FAKM    VlJiW    IX    AVINTER. 


whole,  had  a  marked  effect  for  the  better  on  the  new  Northwest,  g  dng 
it  an  impetus  which  twenty  years  of  peace  would  not  have  produced. 
In  a  large  degree  this  prosperity  was  an  inflated  one,  and  with  the  rest 
of  the  Union  we  have    since    been    compelled  to  atone  therefor  by  four 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  9S 

years  of  depression  of  values,  of  scarcity  of  employment,  and  loss  of 
fortune.  To  a  less  degree,  however,  than  the  manufacturing  or  mining 
regions  has  the  West  suffered  during  the  prolonged  panic  now  so  near  its 
end.  Agriculture,  still  the  leading  feature  in  our  industries,  has  -been 
quite  prosperous  through  all  these  dark  years,  and  the  farmers  liave 
cleared  away  many  incumbrances  resting  over  them  from  the  period  of 
fictitious  values.  The  population  has  steadily  increased,  the  arts  and 
sciences  are  gaining  a  stronger  foothold,  the  trade  area  of  the  region  is 
becoming  daily  more  extended,  and  we  have  been  largely  exempt  from 
the  financial  calamities  which  have  nearly  wrecked  communities  on  the 
seaboard  dependent  wholly  on  foreign  commerce  or  domestic  manufacture. 

At  the  present  period  there  are  no  great  schemes  broached  for  the 
Northwest,  no  propositions  for  government  subsidies  or  national  works 
of  improvement,  but  the  capital  of  the  world  is  attracted  hither  for  the 
purchase  of  our  products  or  the  expansion  of  our  capacity  for  serving  the 
nation  at  large.  A  new  era  is  dawning  as  to  transportation,  and  we  bid 
fair  to  deal  almost  exclusively  with  the  increasing  and  expanding  lines 
of  steel  rail  running  through  every  few  miles  of  territory  on  the  prairies. 
The  lake  marine  will  no  doubt  continue  to  be  useful  in  the  warmer 
season,  and  to  serve  as  a  regulator  of  freight  rates;  but  experienced 
navigators  forecast  the  decay  of  the  system  in  moving  to  the  seaboard 
the  enormous  crops  of  the  West.  Within  the  past  five  years  it  has 
become  quite  common  to  see  direct  shipments  to  Europe  and  the  West 
Indies  going  through  from  the  second-class  towns  along  the  Mississippi 
and  Missouri. 

As  to  popular  education,  the  standard  has  of  late  risen  very  greatly, 
and  our  schools  would  be  creditable  to  any  section  of  the  Union. 

More  and  more  as  the  events  of  the  war  pass  into  obscurity  will  the 
fate  of  the  Northwest  be  linked  with  that  of  the  Southwest,  and  the 
next  Congressional  apportionment  will  give  the  valley  of  the  Mississippi 
absolute  control  of  the  legislation  of  the  nation,  and  do  much  toward 
securing  the  removal  of  the  Federal  capitol  to  some  more  central  location. 

Our  public  men  continue  to  wield  the  full  share  of  influence  pertain- 
ing to  their  rank  in  the  national  autonomy,  and  seem  not  to  forget  that 
for  the  past  sixteen  years  they  and  their  constituents  have  dictated  the 
principles  which  should  govern  the  country. 

In  a  work  like  this,  destined  to  lie  on  the  shelves  of  the  library  for 
generations,  and  not  doomed  to  daily  destruction  like  a  newspaper,  one 
can  not  indulge  in  the  same  glowing  predictions,  the  sanguine  statements 
of  actualities  that  fill  the  columns  of  ephemeral  publications.  Time  may 
bring  grief  to  the  pet  projects  of  a  writer,  and  explode  castles  erected  on 
a  pedestal  of  facts.     Yet  there  are  unmistakable  indications  before  us  of 


94 


THE    NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


LAKE  BLUFF. 
The  .''rontage  of  Lake  Bluff  Grounds  on  Lake  Michigan,  with  one  hnndied  and  seventj  feet  of  gradual  ascent 


IIIOII  BRIDGE,   LAKE  BLUFF,  LAKE  COUNTY,  ILLINOIS. 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  95 

the  same  radical  change  in  our  great  Northwest  which  characterizes  its 
history  for  the  past  thirty  years.  Our  domain  has  a  sort  of  natural 
geographical  border,  save  where  it  melts  away  to  the  southward  in  the 
cattle  raising  districts  of  the  southwest. 

Our  prime  interest  will  for  some  years  doubtless  be  the  growth  of 
the  food  of  the  world,  in  which  branch  it  has  already  outstripped  all 
competitors,  and  our  great  rival  in  this  duty  will  naturally  be  the  fertile 
plains  of  Kansas,  Nebraska  and  Colorado,  to  say  nothing  of  the  new 
empire  so  rapidly  growing  up  in  Texas.  Over  these  regions  there  is  a 
continued  progress  in  agriculture  and  in  railway  building,  and  we  must 
look  to  our  laurels.  Intelligent  observers  of  events  are  fully  aware  of 
the  strides  made  in  the  way  of  shipments  of  fresh  meats  to  Europe, 
many  of  these  ocean  cargoes  being  actually  slaughtered  in  the  West  and 
transported  on  ice  to  the  wharves  of  the  seaboard  cities.  That  this  new 
enterprise  will  continue  there  is  no  reason  to  doubt.  There  are  in 
Chicago  several  factories  for  the  canning  of  prepared  meats  for  European 
consumption,  and  the  orders  for  this  class  of  goods  are  already  immense. 
English  capital  is  becoming  daily  more  and  more  dissatisfied  with  railway 
loans  and  investments,  and  is  gradually  seeking  mammoth  outlays  in 
lands  and  live  stock.  The  stock  yards  in  Chicago,  Indianapolis  and  East 
St.  Louis  are  yearly  increasing  their  facilities,  and  their  plant  steadily 
grows  more  valuable.  Importations  of  blooded  animals  from  the  pro- 
gressive countries  of  Europe  are  destined  to  greatly  improve  the  quality 
of  our  beef  and  mutton.  Nowhere  is  there  to  be  seen  a  more  enticing 
display  in  this  line  than  at  our  state  and  county  fairs,  and  the  interest 
in  the  matter  is  on  the  increase. 

To  attempt  to  give  statistics  of  our  grain  production  for  1877  would 
be  useless,  so  far  have  we  surpassed  ourselves  in  the  quantity  and 
quality  of  our  product.  We  are  too  liable  to  forget  that  we  are  giving 
the  world  its  first  article  of  necessity  —  its  food  supply.  An  opportunity 
to  learn  this  fact  so  it  never  can  be  forgotten  was  afforded  at  Chicago  at 
the  outbreak  of  the  great  panic  of  1873,  when  Canadian  purchasers, 
fearing  the  prostration  of  business  mightbring  about  an  anarchical  condition 
of  affairs,  went  to  that  city  with  coin  in  bulk  and  foreign  drafts  to  secure 
their  supplies  in  their  own  currency  at  first  hands.  It  may  be  justly 
claimed  by  the  agricultural  community  that  their  combined  efforts  gave 
the  nation  its  first  impetus  toward  a  restoration  of  its  crippled  industries, 
and  their  labor  brought  the  gold  premium  to  a  lower  depth  than  the 
government  was  able  to  reach  by  its  most  intense  efforts  of  legislation 
and  compulsion.  The  hundreds  of  millions  about  to  be  disbursed  for 
farm  products  have  already,  by  the  anticipation  common  to  all  commercial 


96 


THE  NORTHWEST   TERRITORY, 


nations,  set  the  wheels  in  motion,  and  will  relieve  us  from  the  perils  so 
long  shadowing  our  efforts  to  return  to  a  healthy  tone. 

Manufacturing  has  attained  in  the  chief  cities  a  foothold  which  bids 
fair  to  render  the  Nortliwest  independent  of  the  outside  world.     Nearly 


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our  whole  region  has  a  distribution  of  coal  measures  Avhich  will  in  time 
support  the  manufactures  necessary  to  our  comfort  and  prosperity.  As 
to  transportation,  the  chief  factor  in  the  production  of  all  articles  excep"" 
food,  )io  section  is  so  magnificently  endowed,  and  our  facilities  are  yearly 
increasing  beyond  those  of  any  other  region. 


THE   NORTHWEST  TERRITORY.  97 

The  period  from  a  central  point  of  the  war  to  the  outbreak  of  the 
panic  was  marked  by  a  tremendous  growth  in  our  railway  lines,  but  the 
depression  of  the  times  caused  almost  a  total  suspension  of  operations. 
Now  that  prosperity  is  returning  to  our  stricken  country  we  witness  its 
anticipation  by  the  railroad  interest  in  a  series  of  projects,  extensions, 
and  leases  which  bid  fair  to  largely  increase  our  transportation  facilities. 
The  process  of  foreclosure  and  sale  of  incumbered  lines  is  another  matter 
to  be  considered.  In  the  case  of  the  Illinois  Central  road,  which  formerl}- 
transferred  to  other  lines  at  Cairo  the  vast  burden  of  freight  destined  for 
the  Gulf  region,  we  now  see  the  incorporation  of  the  tracks  connecting 
through  to  New  Orleans,  every  mile  co-operating  in  turning  toward  the 
northwestern  metropolis  the  weight  of  the  inter-state  commerce  of  a 
thousand  miles  or  more  of  fertile  plantations.  Three  competing  routes 
to  Texas  have  established  in  Chicago  their  general  freight  and  passenger 
agencies.  Four  or  five  lines  compete  for  all  Pacific  freights  to  a  point  as 
as  far  as  the  interior  of  Nebraska.  Half  a  dozen  or  more  splendid  bridge 
structures  have  been  thrown  across  the  Missouri  and  Mississippi  Rivers  by 
the  railways.  The  Chicago  and  Northwestern  line  has  become  an  aggre- 
gation of  over  two  thousand  miles  of  rail,  and  the  Chicago,  Milwaukee 
and  St.  Paul  is  its  close  rival  in  extent  and  importance.  The  three  lines 
running  to  Cairo  via  Vincennes  form  a  through  route  for  all  traffic  with 
the  states  to  the  southward.  The  chief  projects  now  under  discussion 
are  the  Chicago  and  Atlantic,  which  is  to  unite  with  lines  now  built  to 
Charleston,  and  the  Chicago  and  Canada  Southern,  which  line  will  con- 
nect with  all  the  various  branches  of  that  Canadian  enterprise.  Our 
latest  new  road  is  the  Chicago  and  Lake  Huron,  formed  of  three  lines, 
and  entering  the  city  from  Valparaiso  on  the  Pittsburgh,  Fort  Wayne 
and  Chicago  track.  The  trunk  lines  being  mainly  in  operation,  the 
progress  made  in  the  way  of  shortening  tracks,  making  air-line  branches, 
and  running  extensions  does  not  show  to  the  advantage  it  deserves,  as 
this  process  is  constantly  adding  new  facilities  to  the  established  order 
of  things.  The  panic  reduced  the  price  of  steel  to  a  point  where  the 
railways  could  hardly  afford  to  use  iron  rails,  and  all  our  northwestern 
lines  report  large  relays  of  Bessemer  track.  The  immense  crops  now 
being  moved  have  given  a  great  rise  to  the  value  of  railway  stocks,  and 
their  transportation  must  result  in  heavy  pecuniary  advantages. 

Few  are  aware  of  the  importance  of  the  wholesale  and  jobbing  trade 
of  Chicago.  One  leading  firm  has  since  the  panic  sold  i|24,000,000  of 
dry  goods  in  one  year,  and  they  now  expect  most  confidently  to  add 
seventy  per  cent,  to  the  figures  of  their  last  year's  business.  In  boots 
and  shoes  and  in  clothing,  twenty  or  more  great  firms  from  the  east  have 
placed  here  their  distributing  agents  or  their  factories ;  and  in  groceries 


98 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


Chicago  supplies  the  entire  Northwest  at  rates  presenting  advantages 
over  New  York. 

Chicago  has  stepped  in  between  New  York  and  the  rural  banks  as  a 
financial  center,  and  scarcely  a  banking  institution  in  the  grain  or  cattle 
regions  but  keeps  its  reserve  funds  in  the  vaults  of  our  commercial  insti- 
tutions. Accumulating  here  throughout  the  spring  and  summer  months, 
they  are  summoned  home  at  pleasure  to  move  the  products  of  the 
prairies.  This  process  greatly  strengthens  the  northwest  in  its  financial 
operations,  leaving  home  capital  to  supplement  local  operations  on 
behalf  of  home  interests. 

It  is  impossible  to  forecast  the  destiny  of  this  grand  and  growing 
section  of  the  Union.  Figures  and  predictions  made  at  this  date  might 
seem   ten  years  hence   so  ludicrously  small  as  to  excite   only  derision. 


ILLINOIS. 

Length,  380  miles,  mean  width  about  156  miles.    Area,  55,410  square 
miles,  or  35,462,400  acres.    Illinois,  as  regards  its  surface,  constitutes  a 
table-land  at  a  varying  elevation  ranging  between  350  and  800  feet  above 
the  sea  level ;  composed  of  extensive  and  highly  fertile  prairies  and  plains. 
Much  of  the  south  division  of  the  State,  especially  the  river-bottoms,  are 
thickly   wooded.     The   prairies,    too,    have  oasis-like    clumps    of  trees 
scattered  here   and  there   at  intervals.     The   chief  rivers  irrigating  the 
State  are  the  Mississippi — dividing  it  from  Iowa  and  Missouri — the  Ohio 
(forming  its  south  barrier),  the  Illinois,  Wabash,  Kaskaskia,  and  San- 
gamon, with   their  numerous  affluents.     The   total  extent  of  navigable 
streams  is  calculated  at  4,000  miles.     Small  lakes  are  scattered  over  vari- 
ous parts  of  the  State.     Illinois  is  extremely  prolific  in  minerals,  chiefly 
coal,  iron,  copper,  and  zinc  ores,  sulphur  and  limestone.     The  coal-field 
alone  is  estimated  to  absorb  a  full  third  of  the  entire  coal-deposit  of  North 
America.    Climate  tolerably  equable  and  healthy  ;  the  mean  temperature 
standing  at  about  51°  Fahrenheit  As  an  agricultural  region,  Illinois  takes 
a  competitive  rank  with  neighboring  States,  the  cereals,  fruits,  and  root- 
crops  yielding  plentiful  returns  ;  in  fact,  as  a  grain-growing  State,  Illinois 
may  be  deemed,  in  proportion  to   her  size,  to  possess  a  greater  area  of 
lands  suitable  for  its  production  than  any  other  State  in  the  Union.    Stock- 
raising  is  also  largely  carried  on,  while  her  manufacturing  interests  in 
regard  of  woolen  fabrics,  etc.,  are  on  a  very  extensive  and  yearly  expand- 
ing scale.     The  lines  of  railroad  in  the  State  are  among  the  most  exten- 
sive of   the   Union.      Inland   water-carriage    is  facilitated    by   a  canal 
connecting  the  Illinois  River  with  Lake  Michigan,  and  thence  with  the 
St.  Lawrence  and  Atlantic.     Illinois  is  divided  into  102  counties ;  the 
chief  towns  being  Chicago,  Springfield  (capital),  Alton,  Quincy,  Peoria, 
Galena,  Bloomington,  Eock  Island,  Vandalia,  etc.     By  the  new  Consti- 
tution, established  in  1870,  the  State  Legislature  consists  of  51  Senators, 
elected  for  four  years,  and  153   Representatives,  for  two  years ;  which 
numbers  were  to  be   decennially  increased  thereafter  to  the  number  of 
six  per  every    additional    half-million    of   inhabitants.     Religious    and 
educational  institutions  are  largely  diffused  throughout,  and  are  in  a  very 
flourishing  condition.     Illinois  has  a  State  Lunatic  and  a  Deaf  and  Dumb 
Asylum  at  Jacksonville ;  a  State  Penitentiary  at  Joliet ;  and  a  Home  for 

(99) 


100 


THE   NORTHWEST  TERRITORY. 


Soldiers'  Orphans  at  Normal.  On  November  30,  1870,  the  public  debt  of 
the  State  was  returned  at  $4,870,937,  with  a  balance  of  $1,808,833 
unprovided  for.  At  the  same  period  the  value  of  assessed  and  equalized 
property  presented  the  following  totals:  assessed,  8840,031,703 ;  equal- 
ized -"^480, 064,058.  The  name  of  Illinois,  through  nearly  the  whole  of 
the  eighteenth  century,  embraced  most  of  the  known  regions  north  and 
west  of  Ohio.  French  colonists  established  themselves  in  1673,  at 
Cahokia  and  Kaskaskia,  and  the  territory  of  which  these  settlements 
formed  the  nucleus  was,  in  1763,  ceded  to  Great  Britain  in  conjunction 
with  Canada,  and  ultimately  resigned  to  the  United  States  in  1787. 
Illinois  entered  the  Union  as  a  State,  December  3,  1818;  and  now  sends 
19  Representatives  to  Congress.     Population,  2,539,891,  in  1870. 


JS^Lj/J^!^ 


&',~..'^      *-'-'' 


A    WESTERX    DA\T2LL1NG. 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  lUl 


INDIANA 


The  profile  of  Indiana  forms  a  nearly  exact  parallelogram,  occupy- 
ing one  of  the  most  fertile  portions  of  the  great  Mississippi  Valley.  The 
greater  extent  of  the  surface  embraced  within  its  limits  consists  of  gentle 
undulations  rising  into  hilly  tracts  toward  the  Ohio  bottom.  The  chief 
rivers  of  the  State  are  the  Ohio  and  Wabash,  with  their  numerous 
affluents.  The  soil  is  highly  productive  of  the  cereals  and  grasses — most 
particularly  so  in  the  valleys  of  the  Ohio,  Wabash,  Whitewater,  and 
White  Rivers.  The  northeast  and  central  portions  are  well  timbered 
with  virgin  forests,  and  the  west  section  is  notq.bly  rich  in  coal,  constitut- 
ing an  offshoot  of  the  great  Illinois  carboniferous  field.  Iron,  copper, 
marble,  slate,  gypsum,  and  various  clays  are  also  abundant.  From  an 
agricultural  point  of  view,  the  staple  products  are  maize  and  wheat,  with 
the  other  cereals  in  lesser  yields  ;  and  besides  these,  flax,  hemp,  sorghum, 
hops,  etc.,  are  extensively  raised.  Indiana  is  divided  into  92  counties, 
and  counts  among  her  principal  cities  and  towns,  those  of  Indianapolis 
(the  capital),  Fort  Wayne,  Evansville,  Terre  Haute,  Madison,  Jefferson- 
ville,  Columbus,  Vincennes,  South  Bend,  etc.  The  public  institutions  of 
the  State  are  many  and  various,  and  on  a  scale  of  magnitude  and 
efficiency  commensurate  with  her  important  political  and  industrial  status. 
Upward  of  two  thousand  miles  of  railroads  permeate  the  State  in  all 
directions,  and  greatly  conduce  to  the  development  of  her  expanding 
manufacturing  interests.  Statistics  for  the  fiscal  year  terminating 
October  31,  1870,  exhibited  a  total  of  receipts,  -$3, 896,541  as  against  dis- 
bursements, $3,532,406,  leaving  a  balance,  1364,135  in  favor  of  the  State 
Treasury.  The  entire  public  debt,  January  5,  1871,  $3,971,000.  This 
State  was  first  settled  by  Canadian  voyageurs  in  1702,  who  erected  a  fort 
at  Vincennes ;  in  1763  it  passed  into  the  hands  of  the  English,  and  was 
by  the  latter  ceded  to  the  United  States  in  1783.  From  1788  till  1791, 
an  Indian  ware  fare  prevailed.  In  1800,  all  the  region  west  and  north  of 
Ohio  (then  formed  into  a  distinct  territory)  became  merged  in  Indiana. 
In  1809,  the  present  limits  of  the  State  were  defined,  Michigan  and 
Illinois  having  previously  been  withdrawn.  In  1811,  Indiana  was  the 
theater  of  the  Indian  War  of  Tecumseh,  ending  with  the  decisive  battle 
of  Tippecanoe.  In  1816  (December  11),  Indiana  became  enrolled  among 
the  States  of  the  American  Union.  In  1834,  the  State  passed  through  a 
monetary  crisis  owing  to  its  having  become  mixed  up  with  railroad, 
Qanal,  and  other  speculations  on  a  gigantic  scale,  which  ended,  for  the 
time  being,  in  a  general  collapse  of  public  credit,  and  consequent  bank- 
ruptcy.    Since    that  time,  however,  the  greater  number  of  the  public 


102  THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 

works  which  had  brought  about  that  imbroglio  —  especially  the  great 
Wabash  aud  Erie  Canal  —  have  been  completed,  to  the  great  benefit  of 
the  State,  whose  subsequent  progress  has  year  by  year  been  marked  by 
rapid  strides  in  the  paths  of  wealth,  commerce,  and  general  social  and 
political  prosperity.  The  constitution  now  in  force  was  adopted  in  1851. 
Population,  1,680,637. 


IOWA. 

In  shape,  Iowa  presents  an  almost  perfect  parallelogram ;  has  a 
length,  north  to  south,  of  about  300  miles,  by  a  pretty  even  width  of  208 
miles,  and  embraces  an  area  of  55,045  square  miles,  or  35,228,800  acres. 
The  surface  of  the  State  is  generally  undulating,  rising  toward  the 
middle  into  an  elevated  plateau  which  forms  the  "  divide "  of  the 
Missouri  and  Mississippi  basins.  Rolling  prairies,  especially  in  the  south 
section,  constitute  a  regnant  feature,  and  the  river  bottoms,  belted  with 
woodlands,  present  a  soil  of  the  richest  alluvion.  Iowa  is  well  watered  ; 
the  principal  rivers  being  the  Mississippi  and  Missouri,  which  form 
respectively  its  east  and  west  limits,  and  the  Cedar,  Iowa,  and  Des 
Moines,  affluents  of  the  first  named.  Mineralogically,  Iowa  is  important 
as  occupying  a  section  of  the  great  Northwest  coal  field,  to  the  extent  of 
an  area  estimated  at  25,000  square  miles.  Lead,  copper,  zinc,  and  iron, 
are  also  mined  in  considerable  quantities.  The  soil  is  well  adapted  to 
the  production  of  wheat,  maize,  and  the  other  cereals ;  fruits,  vegetables, 
and  esculent  roots ;  maize,  wheat,  and  oats  forming  the  chief  staples. 
Wine,  tobacco,  hops,  and  wax,  are  other  noticeable  items  of  the  agricul- 
tural yield.  Cattle-raising,  too,  is  a  branch  of  rural  industry  largely 
engaged  in.  The  climate  is  healthy,  although  liable  to  extremes  of  heat 
and  cold.  The  annual  gross  product  of  the  various  manufactures  carried 
on  in  this  State  approximate,  in  round  numbers,  a  sum  of  $20,000,000. 
Iowa  has  an  immense  railroad  system,  besides  over  500  miles  of  water- 
communication  by  means  of  its  navigable  rivers.  The  State  is  politically 
divided  into  99  counties,  with  the  following  centers  of  population  :  Des 
Moines  (capital),  Iowa  City  (former  capital),  Dubuque,  Davenport,  Bur- 
lington, Council  Bluffs,  Keokuk,  Muscatine,  and  Cedar  Rapids.  The 
State  institutions  of  Iowa — religious,  scholastic,  aud  philanthropic — are 
on  a  par,  as  regards  number  and  perfection  of  organization  and  operation, 
with  those  of  her  Northwest  sister  States,  aud  education  is  especially 
well  cared  for,  and  largely  diffused.  Iowa  formed  a  portion  of  the 
American  territorial  acquisitions  from  France,  by  the  so-called  Louisiana 
purchase  in  1803,  and  was  politically  identified  with  Louisiana  till  1812, 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  103 

when  it  merged  into  the  Missouri  Territor}-;  in  1834  it  came  under  the 
Michigan  organization,  and,  in  1836,  under  that  of  Wisconsin.  Finally, 
after  being  constituted  an  independent  Territory,  it  became  a  State  of 
the  Union,  December  28,  1846.  Population  in  1860,  674,913  ;  in  1870, 
1,191,792,  and  in  1875,  1,353,118. 


MICHIGAN. 

United  area,  56,243  square  miles,  or  35,995,520  acres.  Extent  of  the 
Upper  and  smaller  Peninsula  —  length,  316  miles;  breadth,  fluctuating 
between  36  and  120  miles.  The  south  division  is  416  miles  long,  by  from 
50  to  300  miles  wide.  Aggregate  lake-shore  line,  .1,400  miles.  The 
Upper,  or  North,  Peninsula  consists  chiefly  of  an  elevated  plateau, 
expanding  into  the  Porcupine  mountain-system,  attaining  a  maximum 
height  of  some  2,000  feet.  Its  shores  along  Lake  Superior  are  eminently 
bold  and  picturesque,  and  its  area  is  rich  in  minerals,  its  product  of 
copper  constituting  an  important  source  of  industry.  Both  divisions  are 
heavily  wooded,  and  the  South  one,  in  addition,  boasts  of  a  deep,  rich, 
loamy  soil,  throwing  up  excellent  crops  of  cereals  and  other  agricultural 
produce.  The  climate  is  generally  mild  and  humid,  though  the  Winter 
colds  are  severe.  The  chief  staples  of  farm  husbandry  include  the  cereals, 
grasses,  maple  sugar,  sorghum,  tobacco,  fruits,  and  dairy-stuffs.  In  1870, 
the  acres  of  land  in  farms  were :  improved,  5,096,939 ;  unimproved 
woodland,  4,080,146  ;  other  unimproved  land,  842,057.  The  cash  value 
of  land  was  $398,240,578 ;  of  farming  implements  and  machinery, 
$13,711,979.  In  1869,  there  were  shipped  from  the  Lake  Superior  ports, 
874,582  tons  of  iron  ore,  and  45,762  of  smelted  pig,  along  with  14,188 
tons  of  copper  (ore  and  ingot).  Coal  is  another  article  largely  mined. 
Inland  communication  is  provided  for  by  an  admirably  organized  railroad 
system,  and  by  the  St.  Mary's  Ship  Canal,  connecting  Lakes  Huron  and 
Superior.  Michigan  is  politically  divided  into  78  counties ;  its  chief 
urban  centers  are  Detroit,  Lansing  (capital),  Ann  Arbor,  Marquette, 
Bay  City,  Niles,  Ypsilanti,  Grand  Haven,  etc.  The  Governor  of  the 
State  is  elected  biennially.  On  November  30, 1870,  the  aggregate  l)onded 
debt  of  Michigan  amounted  to  $2,385,028,  and  the  assessed  valuation  of 
land  to  $266,929,278,  representing  an  estimated  cash  value  of  $800,000,000. 
Education  is  largely  diffused  and  most  excellently  conducted  and  pro- 
vided for.  The  State  University  at  Ann  Arbor,  the  colleges  of  Detroit 
and  Kalamazoo,  the  Albion  Female  College,  the  State  Normal  School  at 
Ypsilanti,  and  the  State  Agricultural  College  at  Lansing,  are  chief  among 
the  academic  institutions.     Michigan  (a  term  of  Chippeway  origin,  and 


104  THE   NORTHWEST   TEUKITORY. 

signifying  "Great  Lake),  was  discovered  and  first  settled  by  French 
Canadians,  who,  in  1670,  founded  Detroit,  the  pioneer  of  a  series  of  trad- 
ing-posts on  the  Indian  frontier.  During  the  "  Conspiracy  of  Pouitiac," 
following  the  French  loss  of  Canada,  Michigan  became  the  scene  of  a 
sanguinary  struggle  between  the  whites  and  aborigines.  In  1796,  it 
became  annexed  to  the  United  States,  which  incorporated  this  region 
with  the  Northwest  Territory,  and  then  with  Indiana  Territory,  till  1803, 
when  it  became  territorially  independent.  Michigan  was  the  theater  of 
warlike  operations  during  the  war  of  1812  with  Great  Britain,  and  in 
1819  was  authorized  to  be  represented  by  one  delegate  in  Congress ;  in 
1837  she  was  admitted  into  the  Union  as  a  State,  and  in  1869  ratified  the 
IStli  Amendment  to  the  Federal  Constitution.     Population,  1,184,059. 


WISCONSIN. 

It  has  a  mean  length  of  260  miles,  and  a  maximum  breadth  of  215. 
Land  area,  53,924  square  miles,  or  34,511,360  acres.  Wisconsin  lies  at  a 
considerable  altitude  above  sea-level,  and  consists  for  the  most  part  of  an 
upland  plateau,  the  surface  of  which  is  undulating  and  very  generally 
diversified.  Numerous  local  eminences  called  mounds  are  interspersed 
over  the  State,  and  the  Lake  Michigan  coast-line  is  in  many  parts  char- 
acterized by  lofty  escarped  cliffs,  even  as  on  the  west  side  the  banks  of 
the  Mississippi  form  a  series  of  high  and  picturesque  bluffs.  A  group  of 
islands  known  as  The  Apostles  lie  off  the  extreme  north  point  of  the 
State  in  Lake  Superior,  and  the  great  estuary  of  Green  Bay,  running  far 
inland,  gives  formation  to  a  long,  narrow  peninsula  between  its  waters 
and  those  of  Lake  Michigan.  The  river-system  of  Wisconsin  has  tlu'ee 
outlets  —  those  of  Lake  Superior,  Green  Bay,  and  the  Mississippi,  which 
latter  stream  forms  the  entire  southwest  frontier,  widening  at  one  point 
into  the  large  watery  expanse  called  Lake  Pepin.  Lake  Superior  receives 
the  St.  Louis,  Burnt  Wood,  and  Montreal  Rivers ;  Green  Bay,  the 
Menomonee,  Peshtigo,  Oconto,  and  Fox ;  while  into  the  Mississippi 
empty  the  St.  Croix,  Chippewa,  Black,  Wisconsin,  and  Rock  Rivers. 
The  chief  interior  lakes  are  those  of  Winnebago,  Horicon,  and  Court 
Oreilles,  and  smaller  sheets  of  water  stud  a  great  part  of  the  surface. 
The  climate  is  healthful,  with  cold  Winters  and  brief  but  very  warm 
Summers.  Mean  annual  rainfall  31  inches.  The  geological  system 
represented  b}'  the  State,  embraces  those  rocks  included  between  the 
primary  and  the  Devonian  series,  the  former  containing  extensive 
deposits  of  copper  and  iron  ore.  Besides  these  minerals,  lead  and  zinc 
are  found  in  great  quantities,  together  with  kaolin,  plumbago,  gypsum. 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  105 

and  various  clays.  Mining,  consequently,  forms  a  prominent  industry, 
and  one  of  yearly  increasing  dimensions.  The  soil  of  Wisconsin  is  of 
varying  quality,  but  fertile  on  the  whole,  and  in  the  north  parts  of  the 
State  heavily  timbered.  The  agricultural  yield  comprises  the  cereals, 
together  with  flax,  hemp,  tobacco,  pulse,  sorgum,  and  all  kinds  of  vege- 
tables, and  of  the  hardier  fruits.  In  1870,  the  State  had  a  total  number 
of  102,904  farms,  occupying  11,715,321  acres,  of  which  5,899,343  con- 
sisted of  improved  land,  and  3,437,442  were  timbered.  Cash  value  of 
farms,  $300,414,064  ;  of  farm  implements  and  machinery,  $14,239,364. 
Total  estimated  value  of  all  farm  products,  including  betterments  and 
additions  to  stock,  $78,027,032  ;  of  orchard  and  dairy  stuffs,  $1,045,933  ; 
of  lumber,  $1,327,618  ;  of  home  manufactures,  $338,423  ;  of  all  live-stock, 
$45,310,882.  Number  of  manufacturing  establishments,  7,136,  employ- 
ing 39,055  hands,  and  turning  out  productions  valued  at  $85,624,966. 
The  political  divisions  of  the  State  form  61  counties,  and  the  chief  places 
of  wealth,  trade,  and  population,  are  Madison  (the  capital),  Milwaukee, 
Fond  du  Lac,  Oshkosh,  Prairie  du  Chien,  Janesville,  Portage  City, 
Racine,  Kenosha,  and  La  Crosse.  In  1870,  the  total  assessed  valuation 
reached  $333,209,838,  as  against  a  true  valuation  of  both  real  and  personal 
estate  aggregating  $602,207,329.  Treasury  receipts  during  1870,  $886,- 
696  ;  disbursements,  $906,329.  Value  of  church  property,  $4,749,983. 
Education  is  amply  provided  for.  Independently  of  the  State  University 
at  Madison,  and  those  of  Galesville  and  of  Lawrence  at  Appleton,  and 
the  colleges  of  Beloit,  Racine,  and  Milton,  there  are  Normal  Schools  at 
Platteville  and  Whitewater.  The  State  is  divided  into  4,802  common 
school  districts,  maintained  at  a  cost,  in  1870,  of  $2,094,160.  The  chari- 
table institutions  of  Wisconsin  include  a  Deaf  and  Dumb  Asylum,  an 
Institute  for  the  Education  of  the  Blind,  and  a  Soldiers'  Orphans'  School. 
In  January,  1870,  the  railroad  system  ramified  throughout  the  State 
totalized  2,779  miles  of  track,  including  several  lines  far  advanced  toward 
completion.  Immigration  is  successfully  encouraged  by  the  State  author- 
ities, the  larger  number  of  yearly  new-comers  being  of  Scandinavian  and 
German  origin.  The  territory  now  occupied  within  the  limits  of  the 
State  of  Wisconsin  was  explored  by  French  missionaries  and  traders  in 
1639,  and  it  remained  under  French  jurisdiction  until  1703,  when  it 
became  annexed  to  the  British  North  American  possessions.  In  1796,  it 
reverted  to  the  United  States,  the  government  of  which  latter  admitted 
it  within  the  limits  of  the  Northwest  Territory,  and  in  1809,  attached  it 
to  that  of  Illinois,  and  to  Michigan  in  1818.  Wisconsin  became  independ- 
ently territorially  organized  in  1836,  and  became,  a  State  of  the  Union, 
March  3,  1847.  Population  in  1870,  1,064,985,  of  which  2,113  were  of 
the  colored  race,  and  11,521  Indians,  1,206  of  thfe  latter  being  out  of 
tribal  relations. 


106  THE   NORTHWEST   TERHITORY. 


MINNESOTA 


Its  length,  north  to  south,  embraces  an  extent  of  380  miles ;  its 
breadth  one  of  250  miles  at  a  maximum.  Area,  84,000  square  miles,  or 
54.760,000  acres.  The  surface  of  Minnesota,  generally  speaking,  con- 
sists of  a  succession  of  gently  undulating  plains  and  prairies,  drained  by 
an  admirable  water-system,  and  with  here  and  there  heavily- timbered 
bottoms  and  belts  of  virgin  forest.  The  soil,  corresponding  with  such  a 
superfices,  is  exceptionally  rich,  consisting  for  the  most  part  of  a  dark, 
calcareous  sandy  drift  intermixed  with  loam.  A  distinguishing  physical 
feature  of  this  State  is  its  riverine  ramifications,  expanding  in  nearly 
every  part  of  it  into  almost  innumerable  lakes — the  whole  presenting  an 
aggregate  of  water-power  having  hardly  a  rival  in  the  Union.  Besides 
the  Mississippi — which  here  has  its  rise,  and  drains  a  basin  of  800  miles 
of  country  —  the  principal  streams  are  the  Minnesota  (334  miles  long), 
the  Red  River  of  the  North,  the  St.  Croix,  St.  Louis,  and  many  others  of 
lesser  importance  ;  the  chief  lakes  are  those  called  Red,  Cass,  Leech, 
Mille  Lacs,  Vermillion,  and  Winibigosh.  Quite  a  concatenation  of  sheets 
of  water  fringe  the  frontier  line  where  Minnesota  joins  British  America, 
culminating  in  the  Lake  of  the  Woods.  It  has  been  estimated,  that  of 
an  area  of  1,200,000  acres  of  surface  between  the  St.  Croix  and  Mis- 
sissippi Rivers,  not  less  than  73,000  acres  are  of  lacustrine  formation.  In 
point  of  minerals,  the  resources  of  Minnesota  have  as  yet  been  very 
imperfectly  developed;  iron,  copper,  coal,  lead  —  all  these  are  known  to 
exist  in  considerable  deposits  ;  together  with  salt,  limestone,  and  potter's 
clay.  The  agricultural  outlook  of  the  State  is  in  a  high  degree  satis- 
factory ;  wheat  constitutes  the  leading  cereal  in  cultivation,  with  Indian 
corn  and  oats  in  next  order.  Fruits  and  vegetables  are  grown  in  great 
plenty  and  of  excellent  quality.  The  lumber  resources  of  Minnesota  are 
important ;  the  pine  forests  in  the  north  legion  alone  occupying  an  area 
of  some  21,000  square  miles,  which  in  1870  produced  a  return  of  scaled 
logs  amounting  to  313,116,416  feet.  The  natural  industrial  advantasres 
possessed  by  Minnesota  are  largely  improved  upon  by  a  railroad  system. 
The  political  divisions  of  this  State  number  78  counties ;  of  which  tlie 
chief  cities  and  towns  are  :  St.  Paul  (the  capital),  Stillwater,  Red  Wing, 
St.  Anthony,  Fort  Snelling,  Minneapolis,  and  Mankato.  Minnesota  has 
already  assumed  an  attitude  of  high  importance  as  a  manufacturing  State  ; 
this  is  mainly  due  to  the  wonderful  command  of  water-power  she  pos- 
sesses, as  before  spoken  of.  Besides  her  timber-trade,  the  milling  of 
flour,  the  distillation  of  whisky,  and  the  tanning  of  leather,  are  prominent 
interests,  which,  in   1869,  gave   returns  to   the  amount  of  814,831,043. 


THE    NORTHWEST   TERRITORY.  107 

Education  is  notably  provided  for  on  a  broad  and  catholic  scale,  the 
entire  amount  expended  scholastically  during  the  year  1870  being  $857,- 
816  ;  while  on  November  30  of  the  preceding  year  the  permanent  school 
fund  stood  at  -$2,476,222.  Besides  a  University  and  Agricultural  College, 
Normal  and  Reform  Schools  flourish,  and  with  these  may  be  mentioned 
such  various  philanthropic  and  religious  institutions  as  befit  the  needs  of 
an  intelligent  and  prosperous  community.  The  finances  of  the  State  for 
the  fiscal  year  terminating  December  1,  1870,  exhibited  a  balance  on  the 
right  side  to  the  amount  of  $136,164,  being  a  gain  of  $44,000  over  the 
previous  year's  figures.  The  earliest  exploration  of  Minnesota  by  the 
whites  was  made  in  1680  by  a  French  Franciscan,  Father  Hennepin,  who 
gave  the  name  of  St.  Antony  to  the  Great  Falls  on  the  Upper  Missisippi. 
In  1763,  the  Treatv  of  Versailles  ceded  this  region  to  Enoland. 
Twenty  years  later,  Minnesota  formed  part  of  the  Northwest  Territory 
transferred  to  the  United  States,  and  became  herself  territorialized  inde- 
pendently in  1849.  Indian  cessions  in  1851  enlarged  her  boundaries,  and. 
May  11,  1857,  Minnesota  became  a  unit  of  the  great  American  federation 
of  States.     Population,  439,706. 


NEBRASKA. 

Maximum  length,  412  miles ;  extreme  breadth,  208  miles.  Area, 
75,905  square  miles,  or  48,636,800  acres.  The  surface  of  tliis  State  is 
almost  entirely  undulating  prairie,  and  forms  part  of  the  west  slope  of 
the  great  central  basin  of  the  North  American  Continent.  In  its  west 
division,  near  the  base  of  the  Rocky  Mountains,  is  a  sandy  belt  of 
country,  irregularly  defined.  In  this  part,  too,  are  the  "  dunes,"  resem- 
bling a  wavy  sea  of  sandy  billows,  as  well  as  the  Mauvaises  Terres.  a  tract 
of  singular  formation,  produced  by  eccentric  disintegrations  and  denuda- 
tions of  the  land.  The  chief  rivers  are  the  Missouri,  constituting  its  en- 
tire east  line  of  demarcation  ;  the  Nebraska  or  Platte,  the  Niobrara,  the 
Republican  Fork  of  the  Kansas,  the  Elkhorn,  and  the  Loup  Fork  of  the 
Platte.  The  soil  is  very  various,  but  consisting  chiefly  of  rich,  bottomy 
loam,  admirably  adapted  to  the  raising  of  heavy  crops  of  cereals.  All 
the  vegetables  and  fruits  of  the  temperate  zone  are  produced  in  great 
size  and  plenty.  For  grazing  purposes  Nebraska  is  a  State  exceptionally 
well  fitted,  a  region  of  not  less  than  23,000,000  acres  being  adaptable  to 
this  branch  of  husbandry.  It  is  believed  that  the,  as  yet,  comparatively 
infertile  tracts  of  land  found  in  various  parts  of  the  State  are  susceptible 
of  productivity  by  means  of  a  properly  conducted  system  of  irrigation. 
Few  minerals  of  moment  have   so  far  been  found  witliin  the  limits  of 


108 


THE   NORTHWEST   TERRITORY. 


Nebraska,  if  we  may  except  important  saline  deposits  at  the  head  of  Salt 
Creek  [n  ics  southeast  section.  Tlie  State  is  divided  into  57  counties, 
independent  of  the  Pawnee  and  Winnebago  Indians,  and  of  unorganized 
territory  in  the  northwest  part.  The  principal  towns  are  Omaha,  Lincoln 
(State  capital),  Nebraska  City,  Columbus,  Grand  Island,  etc.  In  1870, 
the  total  assessed  value  of  property  amounted  to  853,000,000,  being  an 
increase  of  $11,000,000  over  the  previous  year's  returns.  The  total 
amount  received  from  the  school-fund  during  the  j'ear  1869-70  was 
$77,999.  Education  is  making  great  onward  strides,  the  State  University 
and  an  Agricultural  College  being  far  advanced  toward  eompletion.  In 
the  matter  of  railroad  communication,  Nebraska  bids  fair  to  soon  place 
herself  on  a  par  with  her  neighbors  to  the  east.  Besides  being  inter- 
sected by  the  Union  Pacific  line,  with  its  off-shoot,  the  Fremont  and  Blair, 
other  tracks  are  in  course  of  rapid  construction.  Organized  by  Con- 
gressional Act  into  a  Territory,  May  30,  1854,  Nebraska  entered  the 
Union  as  a  full  State,  March  1,  1867.     Population,  122,993. 


TirXTTXc;    PKATEIE    WOLVES    IX     AX    KAKI.V     DAY. 


Early  History  of  Illinois. 


The  name  of  this  beautiful  Prairie  State  is  derived  from  Illini,  a 
Delaware  word  signifying  Superior  Men.  It  has  a  French  termination^ 
and  is  a  symbol  of  how  the  two  races — the  French  and  the  Indians — 
were  intermixed  during  the  early  history  of  the  country. 

The  appellation  was  no  doubt  well  applied  to  the  primitive  inhabit- 
ants of  the  soil  whose  prowess  in  savage  warfare  long  withstood  the 
combined  attacks  of  the  fierce  Iroquois  on  the  one  side,  and  the  no  less, 
savage  and  relentless  Sacs  and  Foxes  on  the  other.  The  Illinois  were 
once  a  powerful  confederacy,  occupying  the  most  beautiful  and  fertile 
region  in  the  great  Valle}^  of  the  Mississippi,  which  their  enemies  coveted 
and  struggled  long  and  hard  to  wrest  from  them.  By  the  fortunes  of 
war  they  were  diminished  in  numbers,  and  finally  destroyed.  "  Starved 
Rock,"  on  the  Illinois  River,  according  to  tradition,  commemorates  their 
last  tragedy,  where,  it  is  said,  the  entii-e  tribe  starved  rather  than  sur- 
render. 

EARLY   DISCOVERIES. 

The  first  European  discoveries  in  Illinois  date  back  over  two  hun- 
dred years.  They  are  a  part  of  that  movement  which,  from  the  begin- 
ning to  the  middle  of  the  seventeenth  century,  brought  the  French 
Canadian  missionaries  and  fur  traders  into  the  Valley  of  the  Mississippi,, 
and  which,  at  a  later  period,  established  the  civil  and  ecclesiastical 
authority  of  France  from  the  Gulf  of  St.  Lawrence  to  the  Gulf  of  Mexico, 
and  from  the  foot-hills  of  the  Alleghanies  to  the  Rocky  Mountains. 

The  great  river  of  the  West  had  been  discovered  by  DeSoto,  the 
Spanish  .conqueror  of  Florida,  three  quarters  of  a  century  before  the 
French  founded  Quebec  in  1608,  but  the  Spanish  left  the  country  a  wil- 
derness, without  further  exploration  or  settlement  within  its  borders,  in 
which  condition  it  remained  until  the  Mississippi  was  discovered  b}'  the 
agents  of  the  French  Canadian  government,  Jolietand  Marquette,  in  1673. 
These  renowned  explorers  were  not  the  first  white  visitors  to  Illinois. 
In  1671 — two  years  in  advance  of  them — came  Nicholas  Perrot  to  Chicago, 
He  had  been  sent  by  Talon  as  an  agent  of  the  Canadian  government  to 

rog 


110 


HISTORY   OF   THE   STATE   OF    ILLINOIS. 


HISTORY  OF  THE  STATE  OP  nJLlNOIS.  HI 

call  a  great  peace  convention  of  "Western  Indians  at  Green  Bay,  prepara- 
tory to  the  movement  for  the  discovery  of  the  Mississippi.  It  was 
deemed  a  good  stroke  of  policy  to  secure,  as  far  as  possible,  the  friend- 
ship and  co-operation  of  the  Indians,  far  and  near,  before  venturing  upon 
an  enterprise  which  their  hostility  might  render  disastrous,  and  which 
their  friendsliip  and  assistance  would  do  so  much  to  make  successful ; 
and  to  this  end  Perrot  was  sent  to  call  too-ether  in  council  the  tribes 
throughout  the  Northwest,  and  to  promise  them  the  commerce  and  pro- 
tection of  the  French  government.  He  accordingly  arrived  at  Green 
Bay  in  1671,  and  procuring  an  escort  of  Pottawattamies,  proceeded  in  a 
bark  canoe  upon  a  visit  to  the  Miamis,  at  Chicago.  Perrot  was  there- 
fore the  first  European  to  set  foot  upon  the  soil  of  Illinois. 

Still  there  were  others  before  Marquette.  In  1672,  the  Jesuit  mis- 
sionaries. Fathers  Claude  AUouez  and  Claude  Dablon,  bore  the  standard 
of  the  Cross  from  their  mission  at  Green  Bay  through  western  Wisconsin 
and  northern  Illinois,  visiting  the  Foxes  on  Fox  River,  and  the  Masquo- 
tiiies  and  Kickapoos  at  the  mouth  of  the  Milwaukee.  These  missionaries 
penetrated  on  the  route  afterwards  followed  by  Marquette  as  far  as  the 
Kickapoo  village  at  the  head  of  Lake  Winnebago,  where  Marquette,  in 
his  journey,  secured  guides  across  the  portage  to  the  Wisconsin. 

The  oft-repeated  story  of  Marquette  and  Joliet  is  well  known. 
They  were  the  agents  employed  by  the  Canadian  government  to  discover 
the  Mississippi.  Marquette  was  a  native  of  France,  born  in  1637,  a 
Jesuit  priest  by  education,  and  a  man  of  simple  faith  and  of  great  zeal  and 
devotion  in  extending  the  Roman  Catholic  religion  among  the  Indians. 
Arriving  in  Canada  in  1666,  he  was  sent  as  a  missionary  to  the  far 
Northwest,  and,  in  1668,  founded  a  mission  at  Sault  Ste.  Marie.  The 
following  year  he  moved  to  La  Pointe,  in  Lake  Superior,  where  he 
instructed  a  branch  of  the  Hurons  till  1670,  when  he  removed  south,  and 
founded  the  mission  at  St.  Ignace,  on  the  Straits  of  Mackinaw.  Here 
he  remained,  devoting  a  portion  of  his  time  to  the  study  of  the  Illinois 
language  under  a  native  teacher  who  had  accompanied  him  to  the  mission 
from  La  Pointe,  till  he  was  joined  by  Joliet  in  the  Spring  of  1673.  By 
the  way  of  Green  Bay  and  the  Fox  and  Wisconsin  Rivers,  they  entered 
the  Mississippi,  which  they  explored  to  the  mouth  of  the  Arkansas,  and 
returned  by  the  way  of  the  Illinois  and  Chicago  Rivers  to  Lake  Michigan. 

On  his  way  up  the  Illinois,  Marquette  visited  the  great  village  of 
the  Kaskaskias,  near  what  is  now  Utica,  in  the  county  of  LaSalle.  The 
following  year  he  returned  and  established  among  them  the  mission  of 
the  Immaculate  Virgin  Mary,  which  was  the  first  Jesuit  mission  founded 
in  Illinois  and  in  the  Mississippi  Valley.  The  intervening  winter  he 
had  spent  in  a  hut  which  his  companions  erected  on  the  Chicago  River,  a 
few  leagues  from  its  mouth.     The  founding  of  this  mission  was  the  last 


112  HISTORY    OF  THE   STATE  OF   ILLINOIS. 

act  of  Marquette's  life.     He  died  in  Michigan,  on  his  way  back  to  Green 
Bay,  May  18,  1675. 

FIRST  FRENCH  OCCUPATION. 

The  first  French  occupation  of  the  territory  now  embraced  in  Illi- 
nois was  effected  by  LaSalle  in  1680,  seven  years  after  the  time  of  Mar- 
quette and  Joliet.  LaSalle,  having  constructed  a  vessel,  the  "  Griffin," 
above  the  falls  of  Niagara,  which  he  sailed  to  Green  Bay,  and  having 
passed  thence  in  canoes  to  the  mouth  of  the  St.  Joseph  River,  by  which 
and  the  Kankakee  he  reached  the  Illinois,  in  January,  1680,  erected  Fort 
.Crevecoeur^  at  the  lower  end  of  Peoria  Lake,  where  the  cit}'  of  Peoria  is 
now  situated.  The  place  where  this  ancient  fort  stood  may  still  be  seen 
just  below  the  outlet  of  Peoria  Lake.  It  was  destined,  however,  to  a 
temporary  existence.  From  this  point,  LaSalle  determined  to  descend 
the  Mississippi  to  its  mouth,  but  did  not  accomplish  this  purpose  till  two 
years  later — in  1682.  Returning  to  Fort  Frontenac  for  the  purpose  of 
getting  materials  with  which  to  rig  his  vessel,  he  left  the  fort  in  charge  of 
Touti,  his  lieutenant,  who  during  his  absence  was  driven  off  by  the  Iro- 
quois Indians.  These  savages  had  made  a  raid  upon  the  settlement  of 
the  Illinois,  and  had  left  nothing  in  their  track  but  ruin  and  desolation. 
Mr.  Davidson,  in  his  History  of  Illinois,  gives  the  following  graphic 
account  of  the  picture  that  met  the  eyes  of  LaSalle  and  his  companions 
on  their  return  :     ' 

"  At  the  great  town  of  the  Illinois  they  were  appalled  at  the  scene 
which  opened  to  their  view.  No  hunter  appeared  to  break  its  death-like 
silence  with  a  salutatory  whoop  ot  welcome.  The  plain  on  which  the 
town  had  stood  was  now  strewn  with  charred  fragments  of  lodges,  which 
had  so  recently  swarmed  with  savage  life  and  hilarity.  To  render  more 
hideous  the  picture  of  desolation,  large  numbers  of  skulls  had  been 
placed  on  the  upper  extremities  of  lodge-poles  which  had  escaped  the 
devouring  flames.  In  the  midst  of  these  horrors  was  the  rude  fort  of 
the  spoilers,  rendered  frightful  by  the  same  ghastly  relics.  A  near 
approach  showed  that  the  graves  had  been  robbed  of  their  bodies,  and 
swarms  of  buzzards  were  discovered  glutting:  their  loathsome  stomachs 
on  the  reeking  corruption.  To  complete  the  work  of  destruction,  the 
growing  corn  of  the  village  had  been  cut  down  and  burned,  while  the 
pits  containing  the  products  of  previous  years,  had  been  rifled  and  their 
contents  scattered  with  wanton  waste.  It  was  evident  the  suspected 
blow  of  the  Iroquois  had  fallen  with  relentless  fury."' 

Tonti  had  escaped  LaSalle  knew  not  whither.  Passing  down  the 
lake  in  search  of  him  and  his  men,  LaSalle  discovered  that  the  fort  had 
been   destroyed,  but   the   vessel  which  he  had  partly   constructed   was   still 


*a. 


HISTORY    OF   THE   STATE   OF   ILLINOIS.  118 

on  the  stocks,  and  but  slightly  injured.  After  further  fruitless  search, 
failing  to  find  Tonti,  he  fastened  to  a  tree  a  painting  representing  himself 
and  party  sitting  in  a  canoe  and  bearing  a  pipe  of  peace,  and  to  the  paint- 
ing attached  a  letter  addressed  to  Tonti. 

Tonti  had  escaped,  and,  after  untold  privations,  taken  shelter  among 
the  Pottawattamies  near  Green  Bay.  These  were  friendly  to  the  French. 
One  of  their  old  chiefs  used  to  say,  "  There  were  but  three  great  cap- 
tains in  the  world,  himself,  Tonti  and  LaSalle." 

GENIUS  OF  LaSALLE. 

We  must  now  return  to  LaSalle,  whose  exploits  stand  out  in  such 
bold  relief.  He  was  born  in  Rouen,  France,  in  1643.  His  father  was 
wealth}^  but  he  renounced  his  patrimony  on  entering  a  college  of  the 
Jesuits,  from  which  he  separated  and  came  to  Canada  a  poor  man  in  1666. 
The  priests  of  St.  Sulpice,  among  whom  he  had  a  brother,  were  then  the 
proprietors  of  Montreal,  the  nucleus  of  which  was  a  seminary  or  con- 
vent founded  by  that  order.  The  Superior  granted  to  LaSalle  a  large 
tract  of  land  at  LaChine,  where  he  established  himself  in  the  fur  trade. 
He  was  a  man  of  daring  genius,  and  outstripped  all  his  competitors  in 
exploits  of  travel  and  commerce  with  the  Indians.  In  1669,  he  visited 
the  headquarters  of  the  great  Iroquois  Confederacy,  at  Onondaga,  in  the 
heart  of  New  York,  and,  obtaining  guides,  explored  the  Ohio  River  to 
the  falls  at  Louisville. 

In  order  to  understand  the  genius  of  LaSalle,  it  must  be  remembered 
that  for  many  years  prior  to  his  time  the  missionaries  and  traders  were 
obliged  to  make  their  way  to  the  Northwest  by  the  Ottawa  River  (of 
Canada)  on  account  of  the  fierce  hostility  of  the  Iroquois  along  the  lower 
lakes  and  Niagara  River,  which  entirely  closed  this  latter  route  to  the 
Upper  Lakes.  They  carried  on  their  commerce  chiefly  b}^  canoes,  pad- 
dling them  through  the  Ottawa  to  Lake  Nipissing,  carrying  them  across 
the  portage  to  French  River,  and  descending  that  to  Lake  Huron.  This 
being  the  route  by  which  they  reached  the  Northwest,  accounts  for  the 
fact  that  all  the  earliest  Jesuit  missions  were  established  in  the  neighbor- 
hood of  the  Upper  Lakes.  LaSalle  conceived  the  grand  idea  of  opening 
the  route  by  Niagara  River  and  the  Lower  Lakes  to  Canadian  commerce 
by  sail  vessels,  connecting  it  with  the  navigation  of  the  Mississippi,  and 
thus  opening  a  magnificent  water  communication  from  the  Gulf  of  St. 
Lawrence  to  the  Gulf  of  Mexico.  This  truly  grand  and  comprehensive 
purpose  seems  to  have  animated  him  in  all  his  wonderful  achievements 
and  the  matchless  difficulties  and  hardships  he  surmounted.  As  the  first 
step  in  the  accomplishment  of  this  object  he  established  himself  on  Lake 
Ontario,  and  built  and  garrisoned  Fort  Frontenac,  the  site  of  the  present 


114  HISTORY  OF  THE   STATE   OF   ILLINOIS. 

city  of  Kingston,  Canada.  Here  he  obtained  a  grant  of  land  from  the 
French  crown  and  a  body  of  troops  b}^  which  he  beat  back  the  invading 
Iroquois  and  cleared  the  passage  to  Niagara  Falls.  Having  by  this  mas- 
terly stroke  made  it  safe  to  attempt  a  hitherto  untried  expedition,  his 
next  step,  as  we  have  seen,  was  to  advance  to  the  Falls  with  all  his 
outfit  for  building  a  ship  with  which  to  sail  the  lakes.  He  was  success- 
ful in  this  undertaking,  though  his  ultimate  purpose  was  defeated  by  a 
strange  combination  of  untoward  circumstances.  Tlie  Jesuits  evidently 
hated  LaSalle  and  plotted  against  him,  because  he  had  abandoned  them 
and  co-operated  with  a  rival  order.  The  fur  traders  were  also  jealous  of 
his  superior  success  in  opening  new  channels  of  commerce.  At  LaChine 
he  had  taken  the  trade  of  Lake  Ontario,  which  but  for  his  presence  tliere 
would  have  gone  to  Quebec.  While  they  were  plodding  with  their  barK 
canoes  through  the  Ottawa  he  was  constructing  sailing  vessels  to  com- 
mand  the  trade  of  the  lakes  and  tlie  Mississippi.  These  great  plans 
excited  the  jealousy  and  envy  of  the  small  traders,  introduced  treason  and 
revolt  into  the  ranks  of  his  own  companions,  and  finally  led  to  the  foul 
assassination  by  which  his  great  achievements  were  prematurely  ended. 

In  1682,  LaSalle,  having  completed  his  vessel  at  Peoria,  descended 
the  Mississippi  to  its  confluence  with  the  Gulf  of  Mexico.  Erecting  a 
standard  on  which  he  inscribed  the  arms  of  France,  he  took  formal  pos- 
session of  the  whole  valley  of  the  mighty  river,  in  the  name  of  Louis 
XIV.,  then  reigning,  in  honor  of  whom  he  named  the  country  Louisiana. 

LaSalle  then  went  to  France,  was  appointed  Governor,  and  returned 
with  a  fleet  and  immigrants,  for  the  purpose  of  planting  a  colony  in  Illi- 
nois. They  arrived  in  due  time  in  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  but  failing  to 
find  the  mouth  of  the  Mississippi,  up  which  LaSalle  intended  to  sail,  his 
supply  ship,  with  the  immigrants,  was  driven  ashore  and  wrecked  on 
^Matagorda  Bay.  With  the  fragments  of  the  vessel  he  constructed  a 
stockade  and  rude  huts  on  the  shore  for  the  protection  of  the  immigrants, 
calling  the  post  Fort  St.  Louis.  He  then  made  a  trip  into  New  Mexico, 
in  search  of  silver  mines,  but,  meeting  with  disappointment,  returned  to 
find  his  little  colony  reduced  to  forty  souls.  He  then  resolved  to  travel 
on  foot  to  Illinois,  and,  starting  with  his  companions,  had  reached  the 
valley  of  the  Colorado,  near  the  mouth  of  Trinity  river,  when  he  was 
shot  by  one  of  his  men.     This  occurred  on  the  19th  of  March,  1687. 

Dr.  J.  W.  Foster  remarks  of  him  :  "  Thus  fell,  not  far  from  the  banks 
of  the  Trinity,  Robert  Cavalier  de  la  Salle,  one  of  the  grandest  charac- 
ters that  ever  figured  in  American  history — a  man  capable  of  originating 
the  vastest  schemes,  and  endowed  with  a  will  and  a  judgment  capable  of 
carrying  them  to  successful  results.  Had  ample  facilities  been  placed  by 
the  King  of  France  at  his  disposal,  the  result  of  the  colonization  of  this 
continent  might  have  been  far  different  from  what  we  now  behold." 


HISTORY   OF   THE   STATE   OF   ILLINOIS.  115 


EARLY  SETTLEMENTS. 

A  temporarr  settlement  was  made  at  Fort  St.  Louis,  or  the  old  Kas- 
kaskia  village,  on  the  Illinois  River,  in  what  is  now  LaSalle  County,  in 
1682.  In  1690,  this  was  removed,  with  the  mission  connected  with  it,  to 
Kaskaskia,  on  the  river  of  that  name,  emptying  into  the  lower  Mississippi 
in  St.  Clair  County.  Cahokia  was  settled  about  the  same  time,  or  at 
least,  both  of  these  settlements  began  in  the  year  1690,  though  it  is  now 
pretty  well  settled  that  Cahokia  is  the  okler  place,  and  ranks  as  the  oldest 
permanent  settlement  in  lUinuib',  as  well  as  in  the  Mississippi  Valley. 
The  reason  for  the  removal  of  the  old  Kaskaskia  settlement  and  mission, 
was  probably  because  the  dangerous  and  difficult  route  by  Lake  Michigan 
and  the  Chicago  portage  had  been  almost  abandoned,  and  travelers  and 
traders  passed  down  and  up  the  Mississippi  by  the  Fox  and  Wisconsin 
River  route.  They  removed  to  the  vicinity  of  the  Mississippi  in  order 
to  be  in  the  line  of  travel  from  Canada  to  Louisiana,  that  is,  the  lower 
part  of  it,  for  it  was  all  Louisiana  then  south  of  the  lakes. 

During  the  period  of  French  rule  in  Louisiana,  the  population  prob- 
ably never  exceeded  ten  thousand,  including  whites  and  blacks.  Within 
that  portion  of  it  now  included  in  Indiana,  trading  posts  were  established 
at  the  principal  Miami  villages  which  stood  on  the  head  waters  of  the 
Maumee,  the  Wea  villages  situated  at  Ouiatenon,  on  the  Wabash,  and 
the  Piankeshaw  villages  at  Post  Vincennes  ;  all  of  which  were  probably 
visited  by  French  traders  and  missionaries  before  the  close  of  the  seven- 
teenth century. 

In  the  vast  territory  claimed  by  the  French,  many  settlements  of 
considerable  importance  had  sprung  up.  Biloxi,  on  Mobile  Bay,  had 
been  founded  by  DTberville,  in  1699;  Antoine  de  Lamotte  Cadillac  had 
founded  Detroit  in  1701 ;  and  New  Orleans  had  been  founded  by  Bien- 
ville, under  the  auspices  of  the  Mississippi  Company,  in  1718.  In  Illi- 
nois also,  considerable  settlements  had  been  made,  so  that  in  1730  they 
embraced  one  hundred  and  forty  French  families,  about  six  hundred  "  con- 
verted Indians,"  and  many  traders  and  voyageurs.  In  that  portion  of  the 
country,  on  the  east  side  of  the  Mississippi,  there  were  five  distinct  set- 
tlements, with  their  respective  villages,  viz. :  Cahokia,  near  the  mouth 
of  Cahokia  Creek  and  about  five  miles  below  the  present  city  of  St. 
Louis ;  St.  Philip,  about  forty-five  miles  below  Cahokia,  and  four  miles 
above  Fort  Chartres ;  Fort  Chartres,  twelve  miles  above  Kaskaskia  ; 
Kaskaskia,  situated  on  the  Kaskaskia  River,  five  miles  above  its  conflu- 
,  ence  with  the  Mississippi ;  and  Prairie  du  Rocher,  near  Fort  Chartres. 
To  these  must  be  added  St.  Genevieve  and  St.  Louis,  on  the  west  side 
of  the  Mississippi.     These,  with  the  exception  of  St.  Louis,  are  among 


116 


HISTORY   OF  THE  STATE  OF   LLIJLNOIS. 


K 


t^ 


HISTORY   OF   THE   STATE   OF   ILLINOIS.  117 

the  oldest  French  towns  in  the  Mississippi  Valley.  Kaskaskia,  in  its  best 
days,  was  a  town  of  some  two  or  three  thousand  inhabitants.  After  it 
passed  from  the  crown  of  France  its  population  for  many  years  did  not 
exceed  fifteen  hundred.  Under  British  rule,  in  1773,  the  population  had 
decreased  to  four  hundred  and  fifty.  As  early  as  1721,  the  Jesuits  had 
established  a  college  and  a  monaster}-  in  Kaskaskia. 

Fort  Chartres  was  first  built  under  the  direction  of  the  Mississippi 
Company,  in  1718,  by  M.  de  Boisbraint,  a  military  officer,  under  command 
of  Bienville.  It  stood  on  the  east  bank  of  the  Mississippi,  about  eighteen 
miles  below  Kaskaskia,  aitd  was  for  some  time  the  headquarters  of  the 
military  commandants  of  the  district  of  Illinois. 

In  the  Centennial  Oration  of  Dr.  Fowler,  delivered  at  Philadelphia, 
by  appointment  of  Gov.  Beveridge,  we  find  some  interesting  facts  with 
regard  to  the  State  of  Illinois,  which  we  appropriate  in  this  history : 

In  1682  Illinois  became  a  possession  of  the  French  crown,  a  depend- 
ency of  Canada,  and  a  part  of  Louisiana.  In  1765  the  English  flag  was 
run  up  on  old  Fort  Chartres,  and  Illinois  was  counted  among  the  treas- 
ures of  Great  Britain.  / 

In  1779  it  was  taken  from  the  English  by  Col.  George  Rogers  Clark. 
This  man  was  resolute  in  nature,  wise  in  council,  prudent  in  policy,  bold 
in  action,  and  heroic  in  danger.  Few  men  who  have  figured  in  the  his- 
tory of  America  are  more  deserving  than  this  colonel.  Nothing  short  of 
first-class  ability  could  have  rescued  Vincens  and  all  Illinois  from  the 
English.  And  it  is  not  possible  to  over-estimate  the  influence  of  this 
achievement  upon  the  republic.  In  1779  Illinois  became  a  part  of  Vir- 
ginia. It  was  soon  known  as  Illinois  County.  In  1784  Virginia  ceded 
all  this  territory  to  the  general  government,  to  be  cut  into  States,  to  be 
republican  in  form,  with  "  the  same  right  of  sovereignty,  freedom,  and 
independence  as  the  other  States." 

In  1787  it  was  the  object  of  the  wisest  and  ablest  legislation  found 
in  any  merely  human  records.     No  man  can  study  the  secret  history  of 

THE  "COMPACT  OF  1787," 

and  not  feel  that  Providence  was  guiding  with  sleepless  eye  these  unborn 
States.  The  ordinance  that  on  July  13,  1787,  finally  became  the  incor- 
porating act,  has  a  most  marvelous  history.  Jefferson  had  vainly  tried 
to  secure  a  system  of  government  for  the  northwestern  territory.  He 
was  an  emancipationist  of  that  day,  and  favored  the  exclusion  of  slavery 
from  the  territory  Virginia  had  ceded  to  the  general  government ;  but 
the  South  voted  him  down  as  often  as  it  came  up.  In  1787,  as  late  as 
July  10,  an  organizing  act  without  the  anti-slavery  clause  was  pending. 
This  concession  to  the  South  was  expected  to  carry  it.     Congress  was  in 


118  HISTORY   OF   TPTE   STATE   OP   ILLINOIS. 

session  in  New  York  City.  On  July  5,  Rev.  Dr.  Manasseh  Cutler,  of 
Massachusetts,  came  into  New  York  to  lobby  on  the  northwestern  terri- 
tory.    Everything  seemed  to  fall  into  his  hands.     Events  were  ripe. 

The  state  of  the  public  credit,  the  growing  of  Southern  prejudice, 
the  basis  of  his  mission,  his  personal  character,  all  combined  to  complete 
one  of  those  sudden  and  marvelous  revolutions  of  public  sentiment  that 
once  in  five  or  ten  centuries  are  seen  to  sweep  over  a  country  like  the 
breath  of  the  Almighty.  Cutler  was  a  graduate  of  Yale — received  his 
A.M.  from  Harvard,  and  his  D.D.  from  Yale.  He  had  studied  and  taken 
degrees  in  the  three  learned  professions,  medicine,  law,  and  divinity.  He 
had  thus  America's  best  indorsement.  He  had  published  a  scientific 
examination  of  the  plants  of  New  England.  His  name  stood  second  only 
to  that  of  Franklin  as  a  scientist  in  America.  He  was  a  courtly  gentle- 
man of  the  old  style,  a  man  of  commanding  presence,  and  of  inviting 
face.  The  Southern  members  said  they  had  never  seen  such  a  gentleman 
in  the  North.  He  came  representing  a  company  that  desired  to  purchase 
a  tract  of  land  now  included  in  Ohio,  for  the  purpose  of  planting  a  colony. 
It  was  a  speculation.  Government  money  was  worth  eighteen  cents  on 
the  dollar.  This  Massachusetts  company  had  collected  enough  to  pur- 
chase 1,500,000  acres  of  land.  Other  speculators  in  New  York  made 
Dr.  Cutler  their  agent  (lobbyist).  On  the  12th  he  represented  a  demand 
for  5,500,000  acres.  This  would  reduce  the  national  debt.  Jefferson 
and  Virginia  were  regarded  as  authority  concerning  the  land  Virginia 
had  just  ceded.  Jefferson's  policy  wanted  to  provide  for  the  public  credit, 
and  this  was  a  good  opportunity  to  do  something. 

Massachusetts  then  owned  the  territory  of  Maine,  which  she  was 
crowding  on  the  market.  She  was  opposed  to  opening  the  northwestern 
region.  This  fired  the  zeal  of  Virginia.  The  South  caught  the  inspira- 
tion, and  all  exalted  Dr.  Cutler.  The  English  minister  invited  liim  to 
dine  with  some  of  the  Southern  gentlemen.    He  was  the  center  of  interest. 

The  entire  South  rallied  round  him.  Massachusetts  could  not  vote 
against  him,  because  many  of  the  constituents  of  her  members  were 
interested  personally  in  the  western  speculation.  Thus  Cutler,  making 
friends  with  the  South,  and,  doubtless,  using  all  the  arts  of  the  lobb}-, 
was  enabled  to  command  the  situation.  True  to  deeper  convictions,  he 
dictated  one  of  the  most  compact  and  finished  documents  of  wise  states- 
manship that  has  ever  adorned  any  human  law  book.  He  borrowed  from 
Jefferson  the  term  "  Articles  of  Compact,"  which,  preceding  the  federal 
constitution,  rose  into  the  most  sacred  character.  He  then  followed  very 
closely  the  constitution  of  Massachusetts,  adopted  three  years  before. 
Its  most  marked  points  were  : 

1.  The  exclusion  of  slavery  from  the  territory  forever. 

2.  Provision  for  public  schools,  giving  one  township  for  a  seminary, 


HISTORY   OF   THE   STATE   OF   ILLINOIS.  119 

and  every  section  numbered  16  in  each  township  ;  that  is,  one-thirty-sixth 
of  all  the  land,  for  public  schools. 

3.  A  provision  prohibiting  the  adoption  of  any  constitution  or  the 
enactment  of  any  law  that  should  nullify  pre-existing  contracts. 

Be  it  forever  remembered  that  this  compact  declared  that  "  Religion, 
morality,  and  knowledge  being  necessary  to  good  government  and  the 
happiness  of  mankind,  schools  and  the  means  of  education  shall  always 
be  encouraged." 

Dr.  Cutler  planted  himself  on  this  platform  and  would  not  yield. 
Griving  his  unqualified  declaration  that  it  was  that  or  nothing — that  unless 
they  could  make  the  land  desirable  they  did  not  want  it — he  took  his 
horse  and  buggy,  and  started  for  the  constitutional  convention  in  Phila- 
delphia. On  July  13,  1787,  the  bill  was  put  upon  its  passage,  and  was 
unanimously  adopted,  every  Southern  member  voting  for  it,  and  only  one 
man,  Mr.  Yates,  of  New  York,  voting  against  it.  But  as  the  States  voted 
as  States,  Yates  lost  his  vote,  and  the  compact  was  put  beyond  repeal. 

Thus  the  great  States  of  Ohio,  Indiana,  Illinois,  Michigan  and  Wis- 
consin— a  vast  empire,  the  heart  of  the  great  valley — were  consecrated 
to  freedom,  intelligence,  and  honesty.  Thus  the  great  heart  of  the  nation 
was  prepared  for  a  year  and  a  day  and  an  hour.  In  the  light  of  these  eighty- 
nine  years  I  affirm  that  this  act  was  the  salvation  of  the  republic  and  the 
destruction  of  slavery.  Soon  the  South  saw  their  great  blunder,  and 
tried  to  repeal  the  compact.  In  1803  Congress  referred  it  to  a  committee 
of  which  John  Randolph  was  chairman.  He  reported  that  this  ordinance 
was  a  compact,  and  opposed  repeal.  Thus  it  stood  a  rock,  in  the  way 
of  the  on-rushing  sea  of  slavery. 

With  all  this  timely  aid  it  was,  after  all,  a  most  desperate  and  pro- 
tracted struggle  to  keep  the  soil  of  Illinois  sacred  to  freedom.  It  was 
the  natural  battle-field  for  the  irrepressible  conflict.  In  the  southern  end 
of  the  State  slavery  preceded  the  compact.  It  existed  among  the  old 
French  settlers,  and  was  hard  to  eradicate.  The  southern  part  of  the 
State  was  settled  from  the  slave  States,  and  this  population  brought  their 
laws,  customs,  and  institutions  with  them.  A  stream  of  population  from 
the  North  poured  into  the  northern  part  of  the  State.  These  sections 
misunderstood  and  hated  each  other  perfectly.  The  Southerners  regarded 
the  Yankees  as  a  skinning,  tricky,  penurious  race  of  peddlers,  filling  the 
country  with  tinware,  brass  clocks,  and  wooden  nutmegs.  The  North- 
erner thought  of  the  Southerner  as  a  lean,  lank,  lazy  creature,  burrowing 
in  a  hut,  and  rioting  in  whisky,  dirt  and  ignorance.  These  causes  aided 
in  making  the  struggle  long  and  bitter.  So  strong  was  the  sympathy 
with  slavery  that,  in  spite  of  the  ordinance  of  1787,  and  in  spite  of  the 
deed  of  cession,  it  was  determined  to  allow  the  old  French  settlers  to 
retain  their  slaves.     Planters  from  the  slave   States  mi^ht  bring  their 


120  HISTORY   OF  TETE  STATE   OF  ILLINOIS. 

slaves,  if  they  would  give  them  a  chance  to  choose  freedom  or  years 
of  service  and  bondage  for  their  children  till  they  should  become 
thirty  years  of  age.  If  they  chose  freedom  the}^  must  leave  the  State 
in  sixt}^  days  or  be  sold  as  fugitives.  Servants  were  whipped  for  offenses 
for  which  white  men  are  fined.  Each  lash  paid  forty  cents  of  the  fine.  A 
negro  ten  miles  from  home  without  a  pass  was  whipped.  These  famous 
laws  were  imported  from  the  slave  States  just  as  they  imported  laws  foi" 
the  inspection  of  flax  and  wool  when  there  was  neither  in  the  State. 

These  Black  Laws  are  now  wiped  out.  A  vigorous  effort  was  made 
to  protect  slavery  in  the  State  Constitution  of  1817.  It  barely  failed. 
It  was  renewed  in  1825,  when  a  convention  was  asked  to  make  a  new 
constitution.  After  a  hard  fight  the  convention  was  defeated.  But 
slaves  did  not  disappear  from  the  census  of  the  State  until  1850.  There 
were  mobs  and  murders  in  the  interest  of  slavery.  Lovejoy  was  added 
to  the  list  of  mart3a's — a  sort  of  first-fruits  of  that  long  life  of  immortal 
heroes  who  saw  freedom  as  the  one  supreme  desire  of  their  souls,  and 
were  so  enamored  of  her  that  they  preferred  to  die  rather  than  survive  her. 

The  population  of  12,282  that  occupied  the  territory  in  A.D.  1800, 
increased  to  45,000  in  A.D.  1818,  when  the  State  Constitution  was 
adopted,  and  Illinois  took  her  place  in  the  Union,  with  a  star  on  the  flag 
and  two  votes  in  the  Senate. 

Shadrach  Bond  was  the  first  Governor,  and  in  his  first  message  he 
recommended  the  construction  of  the  Illinois  and  Michigan  Canal. 

The  simple  economy  in  those  daj's  is  seen  in  the  fact  that  the  entire 
bill  for  stationery  for  the  first  Legislature  was  only  il3.50.  Yet  this 
simple  body  actually  enacted  a  very  superior  code. 

There  was  no  money  in  the  territory  before  the  war  of  1812.  Deer 
skins  and  coon  skins  were  the  circulating  medium.  In  1821,  the  Legis- 
lature ordained  a  State  Bank  on  the  credit  of  the  State.  It  issued  notes 
in  the  likeness  of  bank  bills.  These  notes  were  made  a  legal  tender  for 
every  thing,  and  the  bank  was  ordered  to  loan  to  the  people  8100  on  per- 
sonal security,  and  more  on  mortgages.  They  actunlly  passed  a  resolu- 
tion requesting  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  of  the  United  States  to 
receive  these  notes  for  land.     The  old  French  Lieutenant  Governor,  Col. 

Menard,  put  the  resolution  as  folloAvs:  ''  Gentlemen  of  the  Senate  :  It  is 
moved  and  seconded  dat  de  notes  of  dis  hank  be  made  land-office  money. 
All  in  favor  of  dat  motion  say  aye  ;  all  against  it  say  no.  It  is  decided 
in  de  affirmative.  Now,  gentlemen,  I  bet  you  one  hundred  dollar  he 
never  be  land-office  money ! "  Hard  sense,  like  hard  money,  is  always 
above  par. 

This  old  Frenchman  presents  a  fine  figure  up  against  the  dark  l)ack- 
ground  of  most  of  his  nation.  They  made  no  progress.  They  clung  to 
their  earliest  and  simplest  implements.     Tliey  never  wore  hats  or  caps* 


HISTORY   OF   THE   STATE    OF   TLLINOIS.  121 

They  pulled  their  blankets  over  their  heads  in  the  winter  like  the  Indians, 
with  whom  they  freely  intermingled. 

Demagogism  had  an  early  development.  One  John  Grammar  (only 
in  name),  elected  to  the  Territorial  and  State  Legislatures  of  1816  and 
1836,  invented  the  policy  of  opposing  every  new  thing,  saying,  "  If  it 
succeeds,  no  one  will  ask  who  voted  against  it.  If  it  proves  a  failure,  he 
could  quote  its  record."  In  sharp  contrast  with  Grammar  was  the  char- 
acter of  D.  P.  Cook,  after  whom  the  county  containing  Chicago  was 
named.  Such  was  his  transparent  integrity  and  remarkable  ability  that 
his  will  was  almost  the  law  of  the  State.  In  Congress,  a  young  man, 
and  from  a  poor  State,  he  was  made  Chairman  of  the  Ways  and  Means 
Committee.  He  was  pre-eminent  for  standing  by  his  committee,  regard- 
less of  consequences.  It  was  his  integrity  that  elected  John  Quincy 
Adams  to  the  Presidency.  There  were  four  candidates  in  1824,  Jackson, 
Clay,  Crawford,  and  John  Quincy  Adams.  There  being  no  choice  by  the 
people,  the  election  was  thrown  into  the  House.  It  was  so  balanced  that 
it  turned  on  his  vote,  and  that  he  cast  for  Adams,  electing  him ;  then 
went  home  to  face  the  wrath  of  the  Jackson  party  in  Illinois.  It  cost 
him  all  but  character  and  greatness.  It  is  a  suggestive  comment  on  the 
times,  that  there  was  no  legal  interest  till  1830.  It  often  reached  150 
per  cent.,  usually  50  per  cent.  Then  it  was  reduced  to  12,  and  now  to 
10  per  cent. 

PHYSICAL  FEATURES  OF  THE    PRAIRIE  STATE. 

In  area  the  State  has  55,410  square  miles  of  territory.  It  is  about 
150  miles  wide  and  400  miles  long,  stretching  in  latitude  from  Maine  to 
North  Carolina.  It  embraces  wide  variety  of  climate.  It  is  tempered 
on  the  north  by  the  great  inland,  saltless,  tideless  sea,  which  keeps  the 
thermometer  from  either  extreme.  Being  a  table  land,  from  600  to  1,600 
feet  above  the  level  of  the  sea,  one  is  prepared  to  find  on  the  health 
maps,  prepared  by  the  general  government,  an  almost  clean  and  perfect 
record.  In  freedom  from  fever  and  malarial  diseases  and  consumptions, 
the  three  deadly  enemies  of  the  American  Saxon,  Illinois,  as  a  State, 
stands  without  a  superior.  She  furnishes  one  of  the  essential  conditions 
of  a  great  people — sound  bodies.  I  suspect  that  this  fact  lies  back  of 
that  old  Delaware  word,  lUini,  superior  men. 

The  great  battles  of  history  that  have  been  determinative  of  dynas- 
ties and  destinies  have  been  strategical  battles,  chiefly  the  question  of 
position.  Thermopylae  has  been  the  war-cry  of  freemen  for  twenty-four 
centuries.  It  only  tells  how  much  there  may  be  in  position.  All  this 
advantage  belongs  to  Illinois.  It  is  in  the  heart  of  the  greatest  valley  in 
the  world,  the  vast  region  between  the  mountains — a  valley  that  could 


122  HISTORY   OF  THE  STATE   OF   ILLINOIS. 

feed  mankind  for  one  thousand  years.  It  is  well  on  toward  the  center  of 
tlie  continent.  It  is  in  the  great  temperate  belt,  in  which  have  been 
found  nearly  all  the  aggressive  civilizations  of  history.  It  has  sixty-five 
miles  of  frontage  on  the  head  of  the  lake.  With  the  Mississippi  forming 
the  western  and  southern  boundary,  with  the  Ohio  running  along  the 
southeastern  line,  witli  the  Illinois  River  and  Canal  dividing  the  State 
diagonally  from  the  lake  to  the  Lower  Mississippi,  and  with  the  Rock  and 
Wabash  Rivers  furnishing  altogether  2,000  miles  of  water-front,  con- 
necting with,  and  running  through,  in  all  about  12,000  miles  of  navi- 
gable Avater. 

But  this  is  not  all.  These  waters  are  made  most  available  by  the 
fact  that  the  lake  and  the  State  lie  on  the  ridge  running  into  the  great 
valley  from  the  east.  Within  cannon-shot  of  the  lake  the  water  runs 
away  from  the  lake  to  the  Gulf.  The  lake  now  empties  at  both  ends, 
one  into  the  Atlantic  and  one  into  the  Gulf  of  Mexico.  Tlie  lake  thus 
seems  to  hang  over  the  land.  This  makes  the  dockage  most  serviceable ; 
there  are  no  steep  banks  to  damage  it.  Both  lake  and  river  are  made 
for  use. 

The  climate  varies  from  Portland  to  Richmond ;  it  favors  every  pro- 
duct of  the  continent,  including  the  tropics,  with  less  than  half  a  dozen 
exceptions.  It  produces  every  great  nutriment  of  the  world  except  ban- 
anas and  rice.  It  is  hardly  too  much  to  say  that  it  is  the  most  productive 
spot  known  to  civilization.  With  the  soil  full  of  bread  and  the  earth  full 
of  minerals ;  with  an  upper  surface  of  food  and  an  under  layer  of  fuel ; 
with  perfect  natural  drainage,  and  abundant  springs  and  streams  and 
navigable  rivers  ;  half  way  between  the  forests  of  the  North  and  the  fruits 
of  the  South  ;  within  a  day's  ride  of  the  great  deposits  of  iron,  coal,  cop- 
per, lead,  and  zinc ;  containing  and  controlling  the  great  grain,  cattle, 
pork,  and  lumber  markets  of  the  world,  it  is  not  strange  that  Illinois  has 
the  advantage  of  position. 

This  advantage  has  been  supplemented  by  the  character  of  the  popu- 
lation. In  the  early  days  when  Illinois  was  first  admitted  to  the  Union, 
her  population  were  cliiefly  from  Kentucky  and  Virginia.  But,  in  the 
conflict  of  ideas  concerning  slavery,  a  strong  tide  of  emigration  came  in 
from  the  East,  and  soon  changed  this  composition.  In  1870  her  non- 
native  population  were  from  colder  soils.  New  York  furnished  133,290 ; 
Ohio  gave  162,623;  Pennsylvania  sent  on  98,352;  the  entire  South  gave 
us  only  206,734.  In  all  her  cities,  and  in  all  her  German  and  Scandina- 
vian and  other  foreign  colonies,  Illinois  has  only  about  one-fifth  of  her 
people  of  foreign  birth. 


HISTORY   OF   THE   STATE  OF   ILLtNOIS.  123 


PROGRESS  OF  DEVELOPMENT. 

One  of  the  greatest  elements  in  the  early  development  of  Illinois  is 
the  Illinois  and  Michigan  Canal,  connecting  the  Illinois  and  Mississippi 
Rivers  with  the  lakes.  It  was  of  the  utmost  importance  to  the  State. 
It  was  recommended  by  Gov.  Bond,  the  first  governor,  in  his  first  message. 
In  1821,  the  Legislature  appropriated  $10,000  for  surveying  the  route. 
Two  bright  young  engineers  surveyed  it,  and  estimated  the  cost  at 
1600,000  or  $700,000.  It  finally  cost  $8,000,000.  In  1825,  a  law  was 
passed  to  incorporate  the  Canal  Company,  but  no  stock  was  sold.  In 
1826,  upon  the  solicitation  of  Cook,  Congress  gave  800,000  acres  of  land 
on  the  line  of  the  work.  In  1828,  another  law — commissioners  appointed, 
and  work  commenced  with  new  survey  and  new  estimates.  In  1834-35, 
George  Farquhar  made  an  able  report  on  the  whole  matter.  This  was, 
doubtless,  the  ablest  report  ever  made  to  a  western  legislature,  and  it 
became  the  model  for  subsequent  reports  and  action.  From  this  the 
work  went  on  till  it  was  finished  in  1848.  It  cost  the  State  a  large 
amount  of  money ;  but  it  gave  to  the  industries  of  the  State  an  impetus 
that  pushed  it  up  into  the  first  rank  of  greatness.  It  was  not  built  as  a 
speculation  any  more  than  a  doctor  is  employed  on  a  speculation.  But 
it  has  paid  into  the  Treasary  of  the  State  an  average  annual  net  sum  of 
over  $111,000. 

Pending  the  construction  of  the  canal,  the  land  and  town-lot  fever 
broke  out  in  the  State,  in  1834—35.  It  took  on  the  malignant  type  in 
Chicago,  lifting  the  town  up  into  a  city.  The  disease  spread  over  the 
entire  State  and  adjoining  States.  It  was  epidemic.  It  cut  up  men's 
farms  without  regard  to  locality,  aiid  ^ut  up  the  purses  of  the  purchasers 
without  regard  to  consequences.  It  is  estimated  that  building  lots  enough 
were  sold  in  Indiana  alone  to  accommodate  every  citizen  then  in  the 
United  States. 

Towns  and  cities  were  exported  to  the  Eastern  market  by  the  ship- 
load. There  was  no  lack  of  buyers.  Ever/  up-ship  came  freighted  with 
speculators  and  their  money. 

This  distemper  seized  upon  the  Legislature  in  1836-37,  and  left  not 
one  to  tell  the  tale.  They  enacted  a  system  of  internal  improvement 
without  a  parallel  in  the  grandeur  of  its  conception.  They  ordered  the 
construction  of  1,300  miles  of  railroad,  crossing  the  State  in  all  direc- 
tions. This  was  surpassed  by  the  river  and  canal  improvements. 
There  were  a  few  counties  not  touched  by  either  railroad  or  river  or 
canal,  and  those  were  to  be  comforted  and  compensated  by  the  free  dis- 
tribution of  $200,000  among  them.  To  inflate  this  balloon  beyond  cre- 
dence it  was  ordered  that  work  should  be  commenced  on  both  ejids  of 


124  HISTORY   OF   THE   STATE   OF   ILLINOIS. 

each  of  these  railroads  and  rivers,  and  at  each  river-crossing,  all  at  the 
same  time.  The  appropriations  for  these  vast  improvements  were  over 
$12,000,000.  and  commissioners  were  appointed  to  borrow  the  money  on 
the  credit  of  the  State.  Remember  that  all  this  was  in  the  earh'  days  of 
railroading,  when  railroads  were  luxuries ;  that  the  State  had  whole 
counties  with  scarcely  a  cabin  ;  and  that  the  population  of  the  State  was 
less  than  400,000,  and  you  can  form  some  idea  of  the  vigor  with  which 
these  brave  men  undertook  the  work  of  making:  a  oreat  State.  In  the 
light  of  history  I  am  compelled  to  say  that  this  was  only  a  premature 
throb  of  the  power  that  actually  slumbered  in  the  soil  of  the  State.  It 
was  Hercules  in  the  cradle. 

At  this  juncture  the  State  Bank  loaned  its  funds  largely  to  Godfrey 
Gilman  &  Co.,  and  to  other  leading  houses,  for  the  purpose  of  drawing 
trade  from  St.  Louis  to  Alton.  Soon  they  failed,  and  took  down  the 
bank  with  them. 

In  1840,  all  hope  seemed  gone.  A  population  of  480,000  were  loaded 
with  a  debt  of  $14,000,000.  It  had  only  six  small  cities,  really  only 
towns,  namely :  Chicago,  Alton,  Springfield,  Quincy,  Galena,  Nauvoo. 
This  debt  was  to  be  cared  for  when  there  was  not  a  dollar  in  the  treas- 
ury, and  when  the  State  had  borrowed  itself  out  of  all  credit,  and  when 
there  was  not  good  money  enough  in  the  hands  of  all  the  people  to  pay 
the  interest  of  the  debt  for  a  single  year.  Yet,  in  the  presence  of  all 
these  difficulties,  the  young  State  steadily  refused  to  repudiate.  Gov. 
Ford  took  hold  of  the  problem  and  solved  it,  bringing  the  State  through 
in  triumph. 

Having  touched  lightly  upon  some  of  the  more  distinctive  points  in 
the  history  of  the  development  of  Illinois,  let  us  next  briefly  consider  the 

MATERIAL  RESOURCES  OF  THE  STATE. 

It  is  a  garden  four  hundred  miles  long  and  one  hundred  and  fifty 
miles  wide.  Its  soil  is  chiefly  a  black  sandy  loam,  from  six  inches  to 
sixty  feet  thick.  On  the  American  bottoms  it  has  been  cultivated  for 
one  hundred  and  fifty  years  without  renewal.  About  the  old  French 
towns  it  has  yielded  corn  for  a  century  and  a  half  without  rest  or  help. 
It  produces  nearly  everything  green  in  the  temperate  and  tropical  zones. 
She  leads  all  other  States  in  the  number  of  acres  actually  under  plow. 
Her  products  from  25,000,000  of  acres  are  incalculable.  Her  mineral 
wealth  is  scarcely  second  to  her  agricultural  power.  She  has  coal,  iron, 
lead,  copper,  zinc,  many  varieties  of  building  stone,  fire  clay,  cuma  clay, 
common  brick  clay,  sand  of  all  kinds,  gravel,  mineral  paint — every  thing 
needed  for  a  high  civilization.  Left  to  herself,  she  has  the  elements  of 
all  greatness.     The  single  item   of  coal  is  too   vast  for  an  appreciative 


HISTORY   OF   THE   STATE   OF   ILLINOIS.  125 

handling  in  figures.  We  can  handle  it  in  general  terms  like  algebraical 
signs,  but  long  before  we  get  up  into  the  millions  and  billions  the  human 
mind  drops  down  from  comprehension  to  mere  symbolic  apprehension. 

When  I  tell  you  that  nearly  four-fifths  of  the  entire  State  is  under- 
laid with  a  deposit  of  coal  more  than  forty  feet  thick  on  the  average  (now 
estimated,  by  recent  surveys,  at  seventy  feet  thick),  you  can  get  some 
idea  of  its  amount,  as  you  do  of  the  amount  of  the  national  debt.  There 
it  is !  41,000  square  miles — one  vast  mine  into  which  you  could  put 
any  of  the  States  ;  in  which  you  could  bury  scores  of  European  and 
ancient  empires,  and  have  room  enough  all  round  to  work  without  know- 
ing that  they  had  been  sepulchered  there. 

Put  this  vast  coal-bed  down  by  the  other  great  coal  deposits  of  the 
world,  and  its  importance  becomes  manifest.  Great  Britain  has  12,000 
square  miles  of  coal;  Spain,  3,000;  France,  1,719  ;  Belgium,  578  ;  Illinois 
about  twice  as  many  square  miles  as  all  combined.  Virginia  has  20,000 
square  miles ;  Pennsylvania,  16,000  ;  Ohio,  12,000.  Illinois  has  41,000 
square  miles.  One-seventh  of  all  the  known  coal  on  this  continent  is  in 
Illinois. 

Could  we  sell  the  coal  in  this  sins^le  State  for  one-seventh  of  one  cent 
a  ton  it  would  pay  the  national  debt.  Converted  into  power,  even  with 
the  wastage  in  our  common  engines,  it  would  do  more  work  than  could 
be  done  by  the  entire  race,  beginning  at  Adam's  wedding  and  working 
ten  hours  a  day  through  all  the  centuries  till  the  present  time,  and  right 
on  into  the  future  at  the  same  rate  for  the  next  600,000  years. 

Great  Britain  uses  enough  mechanical  power  to-day  to  give  to  each 
man,  woman,  and  child  in  the  kingdom  the  help  and  service  of  nineteen 
untiring  servants.  No  wonder  she  has  leisure  and  luxuries.  No  wonder 
the  home  of  the  common  artisan  has  in  it  more  luxuries  than  could  be 
found  in  the  palace  of  good  old  King  Arthur.  Think,  if  you  can  conceive 
of  it,  of  the  vast  armv  of  servants  that  slumber  in  the  soil  of  Illinois, 
impatiently  awaiting  the  call  of  Genius  to  come  forth  to  minister  to  our 
comfort. 

At  the  present  rate  of  consumption  England's  coal  supply  will  be 
exhausted  in  250  years.  When  this  is  gone  she  must  transfer  her  dominion 
either  to  the  Indies,  or  to  British  America,  which  I  would  not  resist ;  or 
to  some  other  people,  which  I  would  regret  as  a  loss  to  civilization. 

COAL  IS    KING. 

At  the  same  rate  of  consumption  (which  far  exceeds  our  own)  the 
deposit  of  coal  in  Illinois  will  last  120,000  years.  And  her  kingdom  shall 
be  an  everlasting  kingdom. 

Let  us  turn  now  from  this  reserve  power  to  the  annual  products  of 


126  HISTORY   OF   THE   STATE   OF   ILLINOIS. 

the  State.  We  shall  not  be  humiliated  in  this  field.  Here  we  strike  the 
secret  of  our  national  credit.  Nature  ^jrovides  a  market  in  the  constant 
appetite  of  the  race.  Men  must  eat,  and  if  we  can  furnish  the  provisions 
we  can  command  the  treasure.  All  that  a  man  hath  will  he  give  for  his 
Hfe. 

According  to  the  last  census  Illinois  produced  30,000,000  of  bushels 
of  wheat.  That  is  more  wheat  than  was  raised  by  any  other  State  in  the 
Union.  She  raised  In  1875,  130,000,000  of  bushels  of  corn — twice  as 
much  as  any  other  State,  and  one-sixth  of  all  the  corn  raised  in  the  United 
States.  She  harvested  2,747,000  tons  of  hay,  nearly  one-tenth  of  all  the 
hay  in  the  Republic.  It  is  not  generally  appreciated,  but  it  is  true,  that 
the  hay  crop  of  the  country  is  worth  more  than  the  cotton  crop.  The 
hay  of  Illinois  equals  the  cotton  of  Louisiana.  Go  to  Charleston,  S.  C, 
and  see  them  peddling  handfuls  of  hay  or  grass,  almost  as  a  curiosity, 
as  we  regard  Chinese  gods  or  the  cryolite  of  Greenland ;  drink  your 
coffee  and  condensed  milk ;  and  walk  back  from  the  coast  for  many  a 
league  through  the  sand  and  burs  till  you  get  up  into  the  better  atmos- 
phere of  the  mountains,  without  seeing  a  waving  meadow  or  a  grazing 
herd  ;  then  you  will  begin  to  appreciate  the  meadows  of  the  Prairie  State, 
where  the  grass  often  grows  sixteen  feet  high. 

The  value  of  her  farm  implements  is  $211,000,000,  and  the  value  of 
her  live  stock  is  onl}'  second  to  the  great  State  of  New  York.  in  1875 
she  had  25,000,000  hogs,  and  packed  2,113,845,  about  one-half  of  all  that 
were  packed  in  the  United  States.  This  is  no  insignificant  item.  Pork 
is  a  growing  demand  of  the  old  world.  Since  the  laborers  of  Europe 
have  gotten  a  taste  of  our  bacon,  and  we  have  learned  how  to  pack  it  dry 
in  boxes,  like  dry  goods,  the  world  has  become  the  market. 

The  hog  is  on  the  march  into  the  future.  His  nose  is  ordained  to 
uncover  the  secrets  of  dominion,  and  his  feet  shall  be  guided  by  the  star 
of  empire. 

Illinois  marketed  $57,000,000  worth  of  slaughtered  animals — more 
than  any  other  State,  and  a  seventh  of  all  the  States. 

Be  patient  with  me,  and  pardon  my  pride,  and  I  will  give  j'ou  a  list 
of  some  of  the  things  in  which  Illinois  excels  all  other  States. 

Depth  and  richness  of  soil  ;  per  cent,  of  good  ground  ;  acres  of 
improved  land  ;  large  farms — some  farms  contain  from  40,000  to  60,000 
acres  of  cultivated  land,  40,000  acres  of  corn  on  a  single  farm  ;  number  of 
farmers  ;  amount  of  wheat,  corn,  oats  and  honey  produced  ;  value  of  ani- 
mals for  slaughter;  number  of  hogs;  amount  of  pork;  number  of  horses 
— three  times  as  many  as  Kentucky,  the  horse  State. 

Illinois  excels  all  other  States  in  miles  of  railroads  and  in  miles  of 
postal  service,  and  in  money  orders  sold  per  annum,  and  in  the  amount  of 
lumber  sold  in  her  markets. 


HISTORY   OF   THE  STATE  OF  ILLINOIS.  127 

Illinois  is  only  second  in  many  important  matters.  This  sample  list 
comprises  a  few  of  the  more  important :  Permanent  school  fund  (good 
for  a  young  state)  ;  total  income  for  educational  purposes  ;  number  of  pub- 
lishers of  books,  maps,  papers,  etc.;  value  of  farm  products  and  imple- 
ments, and  of  live  stock  ;  in  tons  of  coal  mined. 

The  shipping  of  Illinois  is  only  second  to  New  York.  Out  of  one 
port  during  the  business  hours  of  the  season  of  navigation  she  sends  forth 
a  vessel  every  ten  minutes.  This  does  not  include  canal  boats,  which  go 
one  every  five  minutes.  No  wonder  she  is  only  second  in  number  of 
bankers  and  brokers  or  in  physicians  and  surgeons. 

She  is  third  in  colleges,  teachers  and  schools ;  cattle,  lead,  hay, 
flax,  sorghum  and  beeswax. 

She  is  fourth  in  population,  in  children  enrolled  in  public  schools,  in 
law  schools,  in  butter,  potatoes  and  carriages. 

She  is  fifth  in  value  of  real  and  personal  property,  in  theological 
seminaries  and  colleges  exclusively  for  women,  in  milk  sold,  and  in  boots 
and  shoes  manufactured,  and  in  book-binding. 

She  is  only  seventh  in  the  production  of  wood,  while  she  is  the 
twelfth  in  area.  Surely  that  is  well  done  for  the  Prairie  State.  She  now 
has  much  more  wood  and  growing  timber  than  she  had  thirty  years  ago. 

A  few  leading  industries  will  justify  emphasis.  She  manufactures 
1205,000,000  worth  of  goods,  which  places  her  well  up  toward  New  York 
and  Pennsylvania.  The  number  of  her  manufa:cturing  establishments 
increased  from  1860  to  1870,  300  per  cent.;  capital  employed  increased  350 
per  cent.,  and  the  amount  of  product  hicreased  400  per  cent.  She  issued 
5,500,000  copies  of  commercial  and  financial  newspapers — only  second  to 
New  York.  She  has  6,759  miles  of  railroad,  thus  leading  all  other  States, 
worth  $636,458,000,  using  3,245  engines,  and  67,712  cars,  making  a  train 
long  enough  to  cover  one-tenth  of  the  entire  roads  of  the  State.  Her 
stations  are  only  five  miles  apart.  She  carried  last  year  15,795,000  passen- 
gers, an  average  of  36^  miles,  or  equal  to  taking  her  entire  population  twice 
across  the  State.  More  than  two-thirds  of  her  land  is  within  five  miles  of 
a  railroad,  and  less  than  two  per  cent,  is  more  than  fifteen  miles  away. 

The  State  has  a  large  financial  interest  in  the  Illinois  Central  railroad. 
The  road  was  incorporated  in  1850,  and  the  State  gave  each  alternate  sec- 
tion for  six  miles  on  each  side,  and  doubled  the  price  of  the  remaining 
land,  so  keeping  herself  good.  The  road  received  2,595,000  acres  of  land, 
and  pays  to  the  State  one-seventh  of  the  gross  receipts.  The  State 
receives  this  year  $350,000,  and  has  received  in  all  about  17,000,000.  It 
is  practically  the  people's  road,  and  it  has  a  most  able  and  gentlemanly 
management.  Add  to  this  the  annual  receipts  from  the  canal,  #111,000, 
and  a  large  per  cent,  of  the  State  tax  is  provided  for. 


128  fflSTORY   OF  THE   STATE   OP  ILLTNOiS. 


THE    RELIGION  AND  MORALS 

of  the  State  keep  step  with  her  productions  and  growth.  She  was  born 
of  the  missionary  spirit.  It  was  a  minister  who  secured  for  her  the  ordi- 
nance of  1787,  by  which  she  has  been  saved  from  slavery,  ignorance,  and 
dishonesty.  Rev.  Mr.  Wile\',  pastor  of  a  Scotch  congregation  in  Randolph 
County,  petitioned  the  Constitutional  Convention  of  1818  to  recognize 
Jesus  Christ  as  king,  and  the  Scriptures  as  the  only  necessary  guide  and 
book  of  law.  The  convention  did  not  act  in  the  case,  and  the  old  Cove- 
nanters refused  to  accept  citizenship.  They  never  voted  until  1824,  when 
the  slavery  question  was  submitted  to  the  people;  then  they  all  voted 
against  it  and  cast  the  determining  votes.  Conscience  has  predominated 
whenever  a  great  moral  question  has  been  submitted  to  the  people. 

But  little  mob  violence  has  ever  been  felt  in  the  State.  In  1817 
regulators  disposed  of  a  band  of  horse-thieves  that  infested  the  territory. 
The  Mormon  indignities  finally  awoke  the  same  spirit.  Alton  was  also 
the  scene  of  a  pro-slavery  mob,  in  which  Lovejoy  was  added  to  the  list  of 
martyrs.  The  moral  sense  of  the  people  makes  the  law  supreme,  and  gives 
to  the  State  unruffled  peace. 

With  822,300,000  in  church  property,  and  4,298  church  organizations, 
the  State  has  that  divine  police,  the  sleepless  patrol  of  moral  ideas,  that 
alone  is  able  to  secure  perfect  safety.  Conscience  takes  the  knife  from 
the  assassin's  hand  and  the  bludgeon  from  the  grasp  of  the  highwa\Tnan. 
We  sleep  in  safety,  not  because  we  are  behind  bolts  and  bars — these  only 
fence  against  the  innocent ;  not  because  a  lone  officer  drowses  on  a  distant 
corner  of  a  street;  not  because  a  sheriff  may  call  his  posse  from  a  remote 
part  of  the  county :  but  because  conscience  guards  the  very  portals  of  the 
air  and  stirs  in  the  deepest  recesses  of  the  public  mind.  This  spirit  issues 
within  the  State  9,500,000  copies  of  religious  papers  annually,  and  receives 
still  more  from  without.  Thus  the  crime  of  the  State  is  only  one-fourth 
that  of  New  York  and  one-half  that  of  Pennsvlvania. 

Illinois  never  had  but  one  duel  between  her  own  citizens.  In  Belle- 
ville, in  1820,  Alphonso  Stewart  and  William  Bennett  arranged  to  vindi- 
cate injured  honor.  The  seconds  agreed  to  make  it  a  sham,  and  make 
them  shoot  blanks.  Stewart  was  in  the  secret.  Bennett  mistrusted  some- 
thing, and,  unobserved,  slipped  a  bullet  into  his  gun  and  killed  Stewart. 
He  then  fled  the  State.  After  two  years  he  was  caught,  tried,  convicted, 
and.  in  spite  of  friends  and  political  aid,  was  hung.  This  fixed  the  code 
of  honor  on  a  Christian  basis,  and  terminated  its  use  in  Illinois. 

The  early  preachers  were  ignorant  men,  who  were  accounted  eloquent 
according  to  the  strength  of  their  voices.  But  tliey  set  the  style  for  all 
public  speakers.    Lawyers  and  political  speakers  followed  this  rule.    Gov. 


HISTORY  OF  THE   STATE  OF  ILLINOIS.  129 

Ford  says:  "Nevertheless,  these  first  preachers  were  of  incalculable 
benefit  to  the  country.  They  inculcated  justice  and  morality.  To  them 
are  we  indebted  for  the  first  Christian  character  of  the  Protestant  portion 
of  the  people." 

In  education  Illinois  surpasses  her  material  resources.  The  ordinance 
of  1787  consecrated  one  thirty-sixth  of  her  soil  to  common  schools,  and 
the  law  of  1818,  the  first  law  that  went  upon  her  statutes,  gave  three  per 
cent,  of  all  the  rest  to 

EDUCATION. 

The  old  compact  secures  this  interest  forever,  and  by  its  yoking 
moralit}^  and  intelligence  it  precludes  the  legal  interference  with  the  Bible 
in  the  public  schools.  With  such  a  start  it  is  natural  that  we  should  have 
11,050  schools,  and  that  our  illiteracy  should  be  less  than  New  York  or 
Pennsylvania,  and  only  about  one-half  of  Massachusetts.  We  are  not  to 
blame  for  not  having  more  than  one-half  as  many  idiots  as  the  great 
States.  These  public  schools  soon  made  colleges  inevitable.  The  first 
college,  still  flourishing,  was  started  in  Lebanon  in  1828,  by  the  M.  E. 
church,  and  named  after  Bishop  McKendree.  Illinois  College,  at  Jackson- 
ville, supported  by  the  Presbyterians,  followed  in  1830.  In  1832  the  Bap- 
tists built  Shurtleff  College,  at  Alton.  Then  the  Presbyterians  built  Knox 
College,  at  Galesburg,  in  1838,  and  the  Episcopalians  built  Jubilee  College, 
at  Peoria,  in  1847.  After  these  early  years  colleges  have  rained  down. 
A  settler  could  hardly  encamp  on  the  prairie  but  a  college  would  spring 
up  by  his  wagon.  The  State  now  has  one  very  well  endowed  and  equipped 
university,  namely,  the  Northwestern  University,  at  Evanston,  with  six 
colleges,  ninety  instructors,  over  1,000  students,  and  $1,500,000  endow- 
ment. 

Rev.  J.  M.  Peck  was  the  first  educated  Protestant  minister  in  tne 
State.  He  settled  at  Rock  Spring,  in  St.  Clair  County,  1820,  and  left  his 
impress  on  the  State.  Before  1837  only  party  papers  were  published,  but 
Mr.  Peck  published  a  Gazetteer  of  Illinois.  Soon  after  John  Russell,  of 
Bluffdale,  published  essays  and  tales  showing  genius.  Judge  James  Hall 
published  The  Illinois  Monthly  Magazine  with  great  ability,  and  an  annual 
called  The  Western  Souvenir^  which  gave  him  an  enviable  fame  all  over  the 
United  States.  From  these  beginnings  Illinois  has  gone  on  till  she  has 
more  volumes  in  public  libaaries  even  than  Massachusetts,  and  of  the 
44,500,000  volumes  in  all  the  public  libraries  of  the  United  States,  she 
has  one-thirteenth.  In  newspapers  she  stands  fourth.  Her  increase  is 
marvelous.  In  1850  she  issued  5,000,000  copies ;  in  1860,  27,590,000  ;  in 
1870,  113,140,000.  In  1860  she  had  eighteen  colleges  and  seminaries ;  in 
1870  she  had  eighty.     That  is  a  grand  advance  for  the  war  decade. 

This  brings  us  to  a  record  unsurpassed  in  the  history  of  any  age, 


130  HISTORY   OF   THE   STATE   OF   ILLINOIS. 


THE  WAR    RECORD  OF  ILLINOIS. 

I  hardly  know  where  to  begin,  or  how  to  advance,  or  what  to  say.  I 
can  at  best  give  you  only  a  broken  synopsis  of  her  deeds,  and  you  must 
put  them  in  the  order  of  glory  for  yourself.  Her  sons  have  always  been 
foremost  on  fields  of  danger.  In  1832-33,  at  the  call  of  Gov.  Reynolds, 
her  sons  drove  Blackhawk  over  the  Mississippi. 

When  the  Mexican  war  came,  in  May,  1846,  8,370  men  offered  them- 
selves when  only  3,720  could  be  accepted.  The  fields  of  Buena  Vista  and 
Vera  Cruz,  and  the  storming  of  Cerro  Gordo,  will  carry  the  glory  of  Illinois 
soldiers  along  after  the  infamy  of  the  cause  they  served  has  been  forgotten. 
But  it  was  reserved  till  our  day  for  her  sons  to  find  a  field  and  cause  and 
foemen  that  could  fitly  illustrate  their  spirit  and  heroism.  Illinois  put 
into  her  own  regiments  for  the  United  States  government  256,000  men, 
and  into  the  army  through  other  States  enough  to  swell  the  number  to 
290,000.  This  far  exceeds  all  the  soldiers  of'  the  federal  government  in 
all  the  war  of  the  revolution.  Her  total  years  of  service  were  over  600,000. 
She  enrolled  men  from  eighteen  to  forty -five  years  of  age  when  the  law 
of  Congress  in  1864 — the  test  time — only  asked  for  those  from  twenty  to 
forty-five.  Her  enrollment  was  otherwise  excessive.  Her  people  wanted 
to  go,  and  did  not  take  the  pains  to  correct  the  enrollment.  Thus  the 
basis  of  fixing  the  quota  was  too  great,  and  then  the  quota  itself,  at  least 
in  the  trying  time,  was  far  above  any  other  State. 

Thus  the  demand  on  some  counties,  as  Monroe,  for  example,  took  every 
able-bodied  man  in  the  county,  and  then  did  not  have  enough  to  fill  the 
quota.     Moreover,  Illinois  sent  20,844  men  for  ninety  or  one  hundred  days, 
for  whom  no  credit  was  asked.     When  Mr.  Lincoln's  attention  was  called 
to  the  inequality  of  the  quota  compared   with  other  States,  he  replied, 
"  The  country  needs  the  sacrifice.     We  must  put  the  whip  on  the  free 
horse."     In  spite  of  all  these  disadvantages  Illinois  gave  to  the  country 
73,000  years  of  service  above  all  calls.    With  one-thirteenth  of  the  popu- 
lation of  the  loyal  States,  she  sent  regularly  one-tenth  of  all  the  soldiers, 
and  in  the  peril  of  the  closing  calls,  when  patriots  were  few  and  weary, 
she  then  sent  one-eighth  of  all  that  were  called  for  by  her  loved  and  hon- 
ored son  in  the  white  house.     Her  mothers  and  daughters  went  into  the 
fields  to  raise  the  grain  and  keep  the  children  together,  while  the  fathers 
and  older  sons  went  to  the  harvest  fields  of  the  world.     I  knew  a  father 
•  and  four  sons  who  agreed  that  one  of  them  must  stay  at  home ;  and  they 
pulled  straws  from  a  stack  to  see  who  might  go.     The  father  was  left. 
The  next  day  he  came  into  the  camp,  saying  :     "  Mother  says  she  can  get 
the  crops  in,  and  I  am  going,  too."     I  know  large  Methodist  churches 
from  which  every  male  member  went  to  the  army.    Do  you  want  to  know 


HISTORY   OF   THE  STATE   OF   ILLINOIS.  131 

what  these  heroes  from  Illinois  did  in  the  field  ?  Ask  any  soldier  with  a 
good  record  of  his  own,  who  is  thus  able  to  judge,  and  he  will  tell  you 
that  the  Illinois  men  went  in  to  win.  It  is  common  history  that  the  greater 
victories  were  won  in  the  West.  When  everything  else  looked  dark  Illi- 
nois was  gaining  victories  all  down  the  river,  and  dividing  the  confederacy. 
Sherman  took  with  him  on  his  great  march  forty-five  regiments  of  Illinois 
infantry,  three  companies  of  artillery,  and  one  company  of  cavalry.  He 
could  not  avoid 

GOING  TO  THE  SEA. 

If  he  had  •been  killed,  I  doubt  not  the  men  would  have  gone  right  on. 
Lincoln  answered  all  rumors  of  Sherman's  defeat  with,  "  It  is  impossible  ; 
there  is  a  mighty  sight  of  fight  in  100,000  Western  men."  Illinois  soldiers 
brought  home  300  battle-flags.  The  first  United  States  flag  that  floated 
over  Richmond  was  an  Illinois  flag.  She  sent  messengers  and  nurses  to 
every  field  and  hospital,  to  care  for  her  sick  and  wounded  sons.  She  said, 
"  These  suffering  ones  are  my  sons,  and  I  will  care  for  them." 

When  individuals  had  given  all,  then  cities  and  towns  came  forward 
with  their  credit  to  the  extent  of  many  millions,  to  aid  these  men  and 
their  families. 

Illinois  gave  the  country  the  great  general  of  the  war — Ulysses  S. 
Grant — since  honored  with  two  terms  of  the  Presidency  of  the  United 
States. 

One  other  name  from  Illinois  comes  up  in  all  minds,  embalmed  in  all 
hearts,  that  must  have  the  supreme  place  in  this  story  of  our  glory  and 
of  our  nation's  honor  ;  that  name  is  Abraham  Lincoln,  of  Illinois. 

The  analysis  of  Mr.  Lincoln's  character  is  difficult  on  account  of  its 
symmetry. 

In  this  age  we  look  with  admiration  at  his  uncompromising  honesty. 
And  well  we  may,  for  this  saved  us.  Thousands  throughout  the  length 
and  breadth  of  our  country  who  knew  him  only  as  "  Honest  Old  Abe," 
voted  for  him  on  that  account ;  and  wisely  did  they  choose,  for  no  other 
man  could  have  carried  us  through  the  fearful  night  of  the  war.  When 
his  plans  were  too  vast  for  our  comprehension,  and  his  faith  in  the  cause 
too  sublime  for  our  participation ;  when  it  was  all  night  about  us,  and  all 
dread  before  us,  and  all  sad  and  desolate  behind  us ;  when  not  one  ray 
shone  upon  our  cause ;  when  traitors  were  haughty  and  exultant  at  the 
South,  and  fierce  and  blasphemous  at  the  North  ;  when  the  loyal  men  here 
seemed  almost  in  the  minority  ;  when  the  stovitest  heart  quailed,  the  bravest 
cheek  paled  ;  when  generals  were  defeating  each  other  for  place,  and 
contractors  were  leeching  out  the  very  heart's  blood  of  the  prostrate 
republic :  when  every  thing  else  had  failed  us,  we  looked  at  this  calm, 
patient  man  standing  like  a  rock  in  the  storm,  and  said :     "  Mr.  Lincoln 


132  HISTORY   OF   THE   STATE   OF    ILLINOIS. 

is  honest,  and  we  can  trust  him  still."  Holding  to  this  single  point  with 
the  energy  of  faith  and  despair  we  held  together,  and,  under  God,  he 
brought  us  through  to  victory. 

His  practical  wisdom  made  him  the  wonder  of  all  lands.  "With  such 
certainty  did  Mr.  Lincoln  follow  causes  to  their  ultimate  effects,  that  his 
foresight  of  contingencies  seemed  almost  prophetic. 

He  is  radiant  with  all  the  great  virtues,  and  his  memory  shall  shed  a 
glory  upon  this  age  that  shall  fill  the  eyes  of  men  as  they  look  into  his- 
tory-. Other  men  have  excelled  him  in  some  point,  but,  taken  at  all 
points,  all  in  all,  he  stands  head  and  shoulders  above  every  other  man  of 
6,000  years.  An  administrator,  he  saved  the  nation  in  the  perils  of 
unparalleled  civil  war.  A  statesman,  he  justified  his  measures  by  their 
success.  A  philanthropist,  he  gave  liberty  to  one  race  and  salvation  to 
another.  A  moralist,  he  bowed  from  the  summit  of  human  power  to  the 
foot  of  tl\e  Cross,  and  became  a  Christian.  A  mediator,  he  exercised  mercy 
under  the  most  absolute  abeyance  to  law.  A  leader,  he  was  no  partisan. 
A  commander,  he  was  untainted  with  blood.  A  ruler  in  desperate  times, 
he  was  unsullied  with  crime.  A  man,  he  has  left  no  word  of  passion,  no 
thought  of  malice,  no  trick  of  craft,  no  act  of  jealousy,  no  purpose  of 
selfish  ambition.  Thus  perfected,  without  a  model,  and  without  a  peer, 
he  was  dropped  into  these  troubled  years  to  adorn  and  embellish  all  that 
is  good  and  all  that  is  great  in  our  humanity,  and  to  present  to  all  coming 
time  the  representative  of  the  divine  idea  of  free  government. 

It  is  not  too  much  to  say  that  away  down  in  the  future,  when  the 
republic  has  fallen  from  its  niche  in  the  wall  of  time  ;  when  the  great 
war  itself  shall  have  faded  out  in  the  distance  like  a  mist  on  the  horizon ; 
when  the  Anglo-Saxon  language  shall  be  spoken  only  by  the  tongue  of 
the  stranger ;  then  the  generations  looking  this  way  shall  see  the  great 
president  as  the  supreme  figure  in  this  vortex  of  historv 

CHICAGO. 

It  is  impossible  in  our  brief  space  to  give  more  than  a  meager  sketch 
of  such  a  city  as  Chicago,  which  is  in  itself  the  greatest  marvel  of  the 
Prairie  State.  This  mysterious,  majestic,  mighty  city,  born  first  of  water, 
and  next  of  fire ;  sown  in  weakness,  and  raised  in  power ;  planted  among 
the  willows  of  the  marsh,  and  crowned  with  the  glory  of  the  mountains  ; 
sleeping  on  the  Ijosom  of  the  prairie,  and  rocked  on  the  bosom  of  the  sea , 
the  youngest  city  of  the  world,  and  still  the  eye  of  the  prairie,  as  Damas- 
cus, the  oldest  city  of  the  world,  is  the  eye  of  the  desert.  AVith  a  com- 
merce far  exceeding  that  of  Corinth  on  her  isthmus,  in  the  highway  to 
the  East ;  with  the  defenses  of  a  continent  piled  around  her  by  the  thou- 
sand miles,  making  her  far  safer  than   Rome  on  the  banks  of  the  Tiber  ; 


HISTORY   OP   THE   STATE   OF   ILLINOIS. 


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134  HISTORY   OF   THE   STATE   OF   ILLINOIS. 

with  schools  eclipsing  Alexandria  and  Athens :  with  liberties  more  con- 
spicuous than  those  of  the  old  republics  ;  with  a  heroism  equal  to  the  first 
C-arthage,  and  with  a  sanctity  scarcely  second  to  that  of  Jerusalem — set 
your  thoughts  on  all  this,  lifted  into  the  eyes  of  all  men  by  the  miracle  of 
its  growth,  illuminated  by  tjie  flame  of  its  fall,  and  transfigured  by  the 
divinity  of  its  resurrection,  and  you  will  feel,  as  I  do,  the  utter  impossi- 
bility of  compassing  this  subject  as  it  deserves.  Some  impression  of  her 
importance  is  received  from  the  shock  her  burning  gave  to  the  civilized 
world. 

When  the  doubt  of  her  calamity  was  removed,  and  the  horrid  fact 
was  accepted,  there  went  a  shudder  over  all  cities,  and  a  quiver  over  all 
lands.  There  was  scarcely  a  town  in  the  civilized  world  that  did  not 
shake  on  the  brink  of  this  opening  chasm.  The  flames  of  our  homes  red- 
dened all  skies.  The  city  was  set  upon  a  hill,  and  could  not  be  hid.  All 
eyes  were  turned  upon  it.  To  have  struggled  and  suffered  amid  the 
scenes  of  its  fall  is  as  distinguishing  as  to  have  fought  at  Thermopylae,  or 
Salamis,  or  Hastings,  or  Waterloo,  or  Bunker  Hill. 

Its  calamity  amazed  the  world,  because  it  was  felt  to  be  the  common 
property  of  mankind. 

The  early  history  of  the  city  is  full  of  interest,  just  as  the  early  his- 
tory of  such  a  man  as  Washington  or  Lincoln  becomes  public  property, 
and  is  cherished  by  every  patriot. 

Starting  with  560  acres  in  1833,  it  embraced  and  occupied  23,000 
acres  in  1869,  and,  having  now  a  population  of  more  than  500,000,  it  com- 
mands general  attention. 

The  first  settler — Jean  Baptiste  Pointe  au  Sable,  a  mulatto  from  the 
West  Indies — came  and  began  trade  with  the  Indians  in  1796.  John 
Kinzie  became  his  successor  in  1804,  in  which  year  Fort  Dearborn  was 
erected. 

A  mere  trading-post  was  kept  here  from  that  time  till  about  the  time 
of  the  Blackhawk  war,  in  1832.  It  was  not  the  city.  It  was  merely  a 
cock  crowing  at  midnight.  The  morning  was  not  yet.  In  1833  the  set- 
tlement about  the  fort  was  incorporated  as  a  town.  The  voters  were  ' 
divided  on  the  propriety  of  such  corporation,  twelve  voting  for  it  and  one 
against  it.  Four  years  later  it  was  incorporated  as  a  city,  and  embraced 
560  acres. 

The  produce  handled  in  this  city  is  an  indication  of  its  power.  Grain 
and  flour  were  imported  from  the  East  till  as  late  as  1837.  The  first 
exportation  by  way  of  experiment  was  in  1839.  Exports  exceeded  imports 
first  in  1842.  The  Board  of  Trade  was  organized  in  1848,  but  it  was  so 
weak  that  it  needed  nursing  till  1855.  Grain  was  purchased  by  the 
wagon-load  in  the  street. 

I  remember  sitting  with  my  father  on   a  load  of  wheat,  in  the  long 


HISTORY   OF  THE   STATE   OF   ILLINOIS.  135 

line  of  wagons  along  Lake  street,  while  the  buyers  came  and  untied  the 
bags,  and  examined  the  grain,  and  made  their  bids.  That  manner  of 
business  had  to  cease  with  the  day  of  small  things.  Now  our  elevators 
will  hold  15,000,000  bushels  of  grain.  The  cash  value  of  the  produce 
handled  in  a  year  is  $215,000,000,  and  the  produce  weighs  7,000,000 
tons  or  700,000  car  loads.  This  handles  thirteen  and  a  half  ton  each 
minute,  all  the  year  round.  One  tenth  of  all  the  wheat  in  the  United 
States  is  handled  in  Chicago.  Even  as  long  ago  as  1853  the  receipts  of 
grain  in  Chicago  exceeded  those  of  the  goodly  city  of  St.  Louis,  and  in 
1854  the  exports  of  grain  from  Chicago  exceeded  those  of  New  York  and 
doubled  those  of  St.  Petersburg,  Archangel,  or  Odessa,  the  largest  grain 
markets  in  Europe. 

The  manufacturing  interests  of  the  city  are  not  contemptible.  In 
1873  manufactories  employed  45,000  operatives  ;  in  1876,  60,000.  The 
manufactured  product  in  1875  was  worth  1177,000,000. 

No  estimate  of  the  size  and  power  of  Chicago  would  be  adequate 
that  did  not  put  large  emphasis  on  the  railroads.  Before  they  came 
thundering  along  our  streets  canals  were  the  hope  of  our  country.  But 
who  ever  thinks  now  of  traveling  by  canal  packets  ?  In  June,  1852, 
there  were  only  forty  miles  of  railroad  connected  with  the  city.  The 
old  Galena  division  of  the  Northwestern  ran  out  to  Elgin.  But  now, 
who  can  count  the  trains  and  measure  the  roads  that  seek  a  terminus  or 
conneption  in  this  city  ?  The  lake  stretches  away  to  the  north,  gathering 
in  to  this  center  all  the  harvests  that  might  otherwise  pass  to  the  north 
of  us.  If  you  will  take  a  map  and  look  at  the  adjustment  of  railroads, 
you  will  see,  first,  that  Chicago  is  the  great  railroad  center  of  the  world, 
as  New  York  is  the  commercial  city  of  this  continent ;  and,  second,  that 
the  railroad  lines  form  the  iron  spokes  of  a  great  wheel  whose  hub  is 
this  city.  The  lake  furnishes  the  only  break  in  the  spokes,  and  this 
seems  simply  to  have  pushed  a  few  spokes  together  on  each  shore.  See 
the  eighteen  trunk  lines,  exclusive  of  eastern  connections. 

Pass  round  the  circle,  and  view  their  numbers  and  extent.  There 
is  the  great  Northwestern,  with  all  its  branches,  one  branch  creeping 
along  the  lake  shore,  and  so  reaching  to  the  north,  into  the  Lake  Superior 
regions,  away  to  the  right,  and  on  to  the  Northern  Pacific  on  the  left, 
swinging  around  Green  Bay  for  iron  and  copper  and  silver,  twelve  months 
in  the  year,  and  reaching  out  for  the  wealth  of  the  great  agricultural 
belt  and  isothermal  line  traversed  by  the  Northern  Pacific.  Another 
branch,  not  so  far  north,  feeling  for  the  heart  of  the  Badger  State. 
Another  pushing  lower  down  the  Mississippi — all  these  make  many  con- 
nections, and  tapping  all  the  vast  wheat  regions  of  Minnesota,  Wisconsin, 
Iowa,  and  all  the  regions  this  side  of  sunset.  There  is  that  elegant  road, 
the  Chicago,  Burlington  &  Quincy,  running  out  a  goodly  number  of 


136 


HISTORY   OF   THE   STATE    OF    ILLINOIS. 


OLD    FOKT    DEARBORN,    1830. 


PRESENT    SITE    OF    LAKE    STREET    BRIDGE,    CHICAGO,    IX    1833. 


HISTORY  OF  THE   STATE   OF  ILLINOIS.  137 

branches,  and  reaping  the  great  fields  this  side  of  the  Missouri  River. 
I  can  only  mention  the  Chicago,  Alton  &  St.  Louis,  our  Illinois  Central, 
described  elsewhere,  and  the  Chicago  &  Rock  Island.  Further  around 
we  come  to  the  lines  connecting  us  with  all  the  eastern  cities.  The 
Chicago,  Indianapolis  &  St.  Louis,  the  Pittsburgh,  Fort  Wayne  & 
Chicago,  the  Lake  Shore  &  Michigan  Southern,  and  the  Michigan  Cen- 
tral and  Great  Western,  give  us  many  highwaj^s  to  the  seaboard.  Thus  we 
reach  the  Mississippi  at  five  points,  from  St.  Paul  to  Cairo  and  the  Gulf 
itself  by  two  routes.  We  also  reach  Cincinnati  and  Baltimore,  and  Pitts- 
burgh and  Philadelphia,  and  New  York.  North  and  south  run  the  water 
courses  of  the  lakes  and  the  rivers,  broken  just  enough  at  this  point  to 
make  a  pass.  Through  this,  from  east  to  west,  run  the  long  lines  that 
stretch  from  ocean  to  ocean. 

This  is  the  neck  of  the  glass,  and  the  golden  sands  of  commerce 
must  pass  into"  our  hands.  Altogether  we  have  more  than  10,000  miles 
of  railroad,  directly  tributary  to  this  city,  seeking  to  unload  their  wealth 
in  our  coffers.  All  these  roads  have  come  themselves  by  the  infallible 
instinct  of  capital.  Not  a  dollar  was  ever  given  by  the  city  to  secure 
one  of  them,  and  only  a  small  per  cent,  of  stock  taken  originally  by  her 
citizens,  and  that  taken  simply  as  an  investment.  Coming  in  the  natural 
order  of  events,  they  will  not  be  easily  diverted. 

There  is  still  another  showing  to  all  this.  The  connection  between 
New  York  and  San  Francisco  is  by  the  middle  route.  This  passes  inevit- 
ably through  Chicago.  St.  Louis  wants  the  Southern  Pacific  or  Kansas 
Pacific,  and  pushes  it  out  through  Denver,  and  so  on  up  to  Cheyenne. 
But  before  the  road  is  fairly  under  way,  the  Chicago  roads  shove  out  to 
Kansas  City,  making  even  the  Kansas  Pacific  a  feeder,  and  actually  leav- 
ing St.  Louis  out  in  the  cold.  It  is  not  too  much  to  expect  that  Dakota, 
Montana,  and  Washington  Territory  will  find  their  great  market  in  Chi- 
cago. 

But  these  are  not  all.  Perhaps  I  had  better  notice  here  the  ten  or 
fifteen  new  roads  that  have  just  entered,  or  are  just  entering,  our  city. 
Their  names  are  all  that  is  necessary  to  give.  Chicago  &  St.  Paul,  look- 
ing up  the  Red  River  country  to  the  British  possessions  ;  the  Chicago, 
Atlantic  &  Pacific  ;  the  Chicago,  Decatur  &  State  Line ;  the  Baltimore  & 
Ohio ;  the  Chicago,  Danville  &  Vincennes ;  the  Chicago  &  LaSalle  Rail- 
road ;  the  Chicago,  Pittsburgh  &  Cincinnati ;  the  Chicago  and  Canada 
Southern ;  the  Chicago  and  Illinois  River  Railroad.  These,  with  their 
connections,  and  with  the  new  connections  of  the  old  roads,  already  in 
process  of  erection,  give  to  Chicago  not  less  than  10,000  miles  of  new 
tributaries  from  the  richest  land  on  the  continent.  Thus  there  will  be 
added  to  the  reserve  power,  to  the  capital  within  reach  of  this  city,  not 
less  than  $1,000,000,000. 


138  HISTORY  OF   THE   STATE   OF   ILLINOIS. 

Add  to  all  this  tninsporting  power  the  ships  that  sail  one  every  nine 
minutes  of  the  business  hours  of  the  season  of  navigation ;  add,  also,  the 
canal  boats  that  leave  one  every  five  minutes  during  the  same  time — and 
you  will  see  something  of  the  business  of  the  city. 

THE  COMMERCE  OF  THIS  CITY 

has  been  leaping  along  to  keep  pace  with  the  growth  of  the  country 
around  us.  In  1852,  our  commerce  reached  the  hopeful  sum  of 
820,000,000.  In  1870  it  reached  1400,000,000.  In  1871  it  was  pushed 
up  above  $450,000,000.     And  in  1875  it  touched  nearly  double  that. 

One-half  of  our  imported  goods  come  directly  to  Chicago.  Grain 
enough -is  exported  directly  from  our  docks  to  the  old  world  to  employ  a 
semi-weekly  line  of  steamers  of  3,000  tons  capacity.  This  branch  is 
not  likely  to  be  greatly  developed.  Even  after  the  great  Welland  Canal 
is  completed  we  shall  have  only  fourteen  feet  of  water.  The  great  ocean 
vessels  will  continue  to  control  the  trade. 

The  banking  capital  of  Chicago  is  $24,431,000.  Total  exchange  in 
1875,  $659,000,000.  Her  wholesale  business  in  1875  was  $294,000,000. 
The  rate  of  taxes  is  less  than  in  any  other  great  city. 

The  schools  of  Chicago  are  unsurpassed  in  America.  Out  of  a  popu- 
lation of  300,000  there  were  only  186  persons  between  the  ages  of  six 
and  twenty-one  unable  to  read.     This  is  the  best  known  record. 

In  1831  the  mail  system  was  condensed  into  a  half-breed,  who  went 
on  foot  to  Niles,  Mich.,  once  in  two  weeks,  and  brought  back  what  papers 
and  news  he  could  find.  As  late  as  1846  there  was  often  only  one  mail 
a  week.  A  post-office  was  established  in  Chicago  in  1833,  and  the  post- 
master nailed  up  old  boot-legs  on  one  side  of  his  shop  to  serve  as  boxes 
for  the  nabobs  and  literary  men. 

It  is  an  interesting  fact  in  the  growth  of  the  young  city  that  in  the 
active  life  of  the  business  men  of  that  day  the  mail  matter  has  grown  to 
a  daily  average  of  over  6,500  pounds.  It  speaks  equally  well  for  the 
intelligence  of  the  people  and  the  commercial  importance  of  the  place, 
that  the  mail  matter  distributed  to  the  territory  immediately  tributary  to 
Chicago  is  seven  times  greater  than  that  distributed  to  the  territory 
immediately  tributary  to  St.  Louis. 

The  improvements  that  have  characterized  the  city  are  as  startling 
as  the  city  itself.  In  1831,  Mark  Beaubien  established  a  ferry  over  the 
river,  and  put  himself  under  bonds  to  carry  all  the  citizens  free  for  the 
privilege  of  charging  strangers.  Now  there  are  twenty-four  large  bridges 
and  two  tunnels. 

In  1833  the  government  expended  $30,000  on  the  harbor.  Then 
commenced  that  series  of  manoeuvers  with  the  river  that  has  made  it  one 


HISTORY   OF   THE   STATE   OF   ILLINOIS.  l'6\i 

of  the  world's  curiosities.  It  used  to  wind  around  in  the  lower  end  of 
the  town,  and  make  its  way  rippling  oVer  the  sand  into  the  lake  at  the 
foot  of  Madison  street.  They  took  it  up  and  put  it  down  where  it  now 
is.  It  was  a  narrow  stream,  so  narrow  that  even  moderately  small  crafts 
had  to  go  up  through  the  willows  and  cat's  tails  to  the  point  near  Lake 
street  bridge,  and  back  up  one  of  the  branches  to  get  room  enough  in 
which  to  turn  around. 

In  1844  the  quagmires  in  the  streets  were  first  pontooned  by  plank 
roads,  which  acted  in  wet  weather  as  public  squirt-guns.  Keeping  you 
out  of  the  mud,  they  compromised  by  squirting  the  mud  over  you.  The 
wooden-block  j)avements  came  to  Chicago  in  1857.  In  1840  water  was 
delivered  by  peddlers  in  carts  or  by  hand.  Then  a  twenty-five  horse- 
power engine  pushed  it  through  hollow  or  bored  logs  along  the  streets 
till  1854,  when  it  was  introduced  into  the  houses  by  new  works.  The 
first  fire-engine  was  used  in  1835,  and  the  first  steam  fire-engine  in  1859. 
Gas  was  utilized  for  lighting  the  city  in  1850.  The  Young  Men's  Chris- 
tian Association  was  organized  in  1858,  and  horse  railroads  carried  them 
to  their  work  in  1859.  The  museum  was  opened  in  1863.  The  alarm 
telegraph  adopted  in  1864.  The  opera-house  built  in  1865.  The  city 
grew  from  560  acres  in  1833  to  23,000  in  1869.  In  1834,  the  taxes 
amounted  to  $48.90,  and  the  trustees  of  the  town  borrowed  |60  more  for 
opening  and  improving  streets.  In  1835,  the  legislature  authorized  a  loan 
of  $2,000,  and  the  treasurer  and  street  commissioners  resigned  rather  than 
plunge  the  town  into  such  a  gulf. 

Now  the  city  embraces  36  square  miles  of  territory,  and  has  30  miles 
of  water  front,  besides  the  outside  harbor  of  refuge,  of  400  acres,  inclosed 
by  a  crib  sea-wall.  One-third  of  the  city  has  been  raised  up  an  average 
of  eight  feet,  giving  good  pitch  to  the  263  miles  of  sewerage.  The  water 
of  the  city  is  above  all  competition.  It  is  received  through  two  tunnels 
extending  to  a  crib  in  the  lake  two  miles  from  shore.  The  closest  analy- 
sis fails  to  detect  any  impurities,  and,  received  35  feet  below  the  surface, 
it  is  always  clear  and  cold.  The  first  tunnel  is  five  feet  two  inches  in 
diameter  and  two  miles  long,  and  can  deliver  50,000,000  of  gallons  per 
day.  The  second  tunnel  is  seven  feet  in  diameter  and  six  miles  long, 
running  four  miles  under  the  city,  and  can  deliver  100,000,000  of  gal- 
lons per  day.  This  water  is  distributed  through  410  miles  of  water- 
mains. 

The  three  grand  engineering  exploits  of  the  city  are  :  First,  lifting 
the  city  up  on  jack-screws,  whole  squares  at  a  time,  without  interrupting 
the  business,  thus  giving  us  good  drainage  ;  second,  running  the  tunnels 
under  the  lake,  giving  us  the  best  water  in  the  world ;  and  third,  the 
turning  the  current  of  the  river  in  its  own  channel,  delivering  us  from  the 
old  abominations,  and  making  decency  possible.     They  redound  about 


140  HISTORY   OF   THE   STATE   OF   ILLINOIS. 

equally  to  the  credit  of  the  engineering,  to  the  energy  of  the  people,  and 
to  the  health  of  the  city. 

That  which  really  constitutes  the  city,  its  indescribable  spirit,  its  soul, 
the  way  it  lights  up  in  every  feature  in  the  hour  of  action,  has  not  been 
touched.  In  meeting  strangers,  one  is  often  surprised  how  some  homely 
women  marry  so  well.  Their  forms  are  bad,  their  gait  uneven  and  awk- 
ward, their  complexion  is  dull,  their  features  are  misshapen  and  mismatch- 
ed, and  when  we  see  them  there  is  no  beauty  that  we  should  desire  them. 
But  when  once  they  are  aroused  on  some  subject,  they  put  on  new  pro- 
portions. They  light  up  into  great  power.  The  real  person  comes  out 
from  its  unseemly  ambush,  and  captures  us  at  will.  They  have  power. 
They  have  ability  to  cause  things  to  come  to  pass.  We  no  longer  wonder 
why  they  are  in  such  high  demand.     So  it  is  with  our  city. 

There  is  no  grand  scenery  except  the  two  seas,  one  of  water,  the 
other  of  prairie.  Nevertheless,  there  is  a  spirit  about  it,  a  push,  a  breadth, 
a  power,  that  soon  makes  it  a  place  never  to  be  forsaken.  One  soon 
ceases  to  believe  in  impossibilities.  Balaams  are  the  only  prophets  that  are 
disappointed.  The  bottom  that  has  been  on  the  point  of  falling  out  has 
been  there  so  long  that  it  has  grown  fast.  It  can  not  fall  out.  It  has  all 
the  capital  of  the  world  itching  to  get  inside  the  corporation. 

The  two  great  laws  that  govern  the  growth  and  size  of  cities  are, 
first,  the  amount  of  territory  for  which  they  are  the  distributing  and 
receiving  points  ;  second,  the  number  of  medium  or  moderate  dealers  that 
do  this  distributing.  Monopolists  build  up  themselves,  not  the  cities. 
They  neither  eat,  wear,  nor  live  in  proportion  to  their  business.  Both 
these  laws  help  Chicago. 

The  tide  of  trade  is  eastward — not  up  or  down  the  map,  but  across 
the  map.  The  lake  runs  up  a  wingdam  for  500  miles  to  gather  in  the 
business.  Commerce  can  not  ferry  up  there  for  seven  months  in  the  year, 
and  the  facilities  for  seven  months  can  do  the  work  for  twelve.  Then  the 
great  region  west  of  us  is  nearly  all  good,  productive  land.  Dropping 
south  into  the  trail  of  St.  Louis,  you  fall  into  vast  deserts  and  rocky  dis- 
tricts, useful  in  holding  the  world  together.  St.  Louis  and  Cincinnati, 
instead  of  rivaling  and  hurting  Chicago,  are  her  greatest  sureties  of 
dominion.  They  are  far  enough  away  to  give  sea-room, — farther  off  than 
Paris  is  from  London, — and  yet  they  are  near  enough  to  prevent  the 
springing  up  of  any  other  great  city  between  them. 

St.  Louis  will  be  helped  by  the  opening  of  the  Mississippi,  but  also 
hurt.  That  will  put  New  Orleans  on  her  feet,  and  with  a  railroad  running 
over  into  Texas  and  so  West,  she  will  tap  the  streams  that  now  crawl  up 
the  Texas  and  Missouri  road.  The  current  is  East,  not  North,  and  a  sea- 
port at  New  Orleans  can  not  permanently  help  St.  Louis. 

Chicago  is  in  the  field  almost  alone,  to  handle  the  wealth  of  one- 


HISTORY   OF   THE   STATE   OF   ILLINOIS.  141 

fourth  of  the  territory  of  this  great  republic.  This  strip  of  seacoast 
divides  its  margins  between  Portland,  Boston,  New  York,  Philadelpliia, 
Baltimore  and  Savannah,  or  some  other  great  port  to  be  created  for  the 
South  in  the  next  decade.  But  Chicago  has  a  dozen  empires  casting  their 
treasures  into  her  lap.  On  a  bed  of  coal  that  can  run  all  the  machinery 
of  the  world  for  500  centuries ;  in  a  garden  that  can  feed  the  race  by  the 
thousand  years;  at  the  head  of  the  lakes  that  give  her  a  temperature  as  a 
summer  resort  equaled  by  no  great  city  in  the  land ;  with  a  climate  that 
insures  the  health  of  her  citizens ;  surrounded  by  all  the  great  deposits 
of  natural  wealth  in  mines  aud  forests  and  herds,  Chicago  is  the  wonder 
of  to-day,  and  will  be  the  city  of  the  future. 

MASSACRE  AT  FORT  DEARBORN. 

During  the  war  of  1812,  Fort  Dearborn  became  the  theater  of  stirring 
events.  The  garrison  consisted  of  fifty-four  men  under  command  of 
Captain  Nathan  Heald,  assisted  by  Lieutenant  Helm  (son-in-law  of  Mrs. 
Kinzie)  and  Ensign  Ronan.  Dr.  Voorhees  was  surgeon.  The  only  resi- 
dents at  the  post  at  that  time  were  the  wives  of  Captain  Heald  and  Lieu- 
tenant Helm,  and  a  few  of  the  soldiers,  Mr.  Kinzie  and  his  family,  and 
a  few  Canadian  voyageurs,  with  their  wives  and  cliildren.  The  soldiers 
and  Mr.  Kinzie  were  on  most  friendly  terms  with  the  Pottawattamies 
and  Winnebagos,  the  principal  tribes  around  them,  but  they  could  not 
win  them  from  their  attachment  to  the  British. 

One  evening  in  April,  1812,  Mr.  Kinzie  sat  playing  on  his  violin  and 
his  children  were  dancing  to  the  music,  when  Mrs.  Kinzie  came  rushing 
into  the  house,  pale  with  terror,  and  exclaiming:  "The  Indians!  the 
Indians!"  "What?  Where?"  eagerly  inquired  Mr.  Kinzie.  "Up 
at  Lee's,  killing  and  scalping,"  answered  the  frightened  mother,  who, 
when  the  alarm  was  given,  was  attending  Mrs.  Barnes  (just  confined) 
living  not  far  off.  Mr.  Kinzie  and  his  family  crossed  the  river  and  took 
refuge  in  the  fort,  to  which  place  Mrs.  Barnes  and  her  infant  not  a  day 
old  were  safely  conveyed.  The  rest  of  the  inhabitants  took  shelter  in  the 
fort.  This  alarm  was  caused  by  a  scalping  party  of  Winnebagos,  who 
hovered  about  the  fort  several  days,  when  they  disappeared,  and  for  several 
weeks  the  inhabitants  were  undisturbed. 

On  the  7th  of  August,  1812,  General  Hull,  at  Detroit,  sent  orders  to 
Captain  Heald  to  evacuate  Fort  Dearborn,  and  to  distribute  all  the  United 
States  property  to  the  Indians  in  the  neighborhood — a  most  insane  order. 
The  Pottawattamie  chief,  who  brought  the  dispatch,  had  more  wisdom 
than  the  commanding  general.  He  advised  Captain  Heald  not  to  make 
the  distribution.  Said  he  :  "  Leave  the  fort  and  stores  as  they  are,  and 
let  the  Indians  make  distribution  for  themselves ;  and  while  they  are 
engaged  in  the  business,  the  white  people  may  escape  to  Fort  Wayne." 


M' 


(4 

p 


O 


HISTORY   OF   THE   STATE   OF   ILLINOIS.  143 

Captain  Heald  held  a  council  with  the  Indians  on  the  afternoon  ot 
the  12th,  in  which  his  officers  refused  to  join,  for  they  had  been  informed 
that  treachery  was  designed — that  the  Indians  intended  to  murder  the 
white  people  in  the  council,  and  then  destroy  those  in  the  fort.  Captain 
Heald,  however,  took  the  precaution  to  open  a  port-hole  displaying  a 
cannon  pointing  directly  upon  the  council,  and  by  that  means  saved 
his  life. 

Mr.  Kinzie,  who  knew  the  Indians  well,  begged  Captain  Heald  not 
to  confide  in  their  promises,  nor  distribute  the  arms  and  munitions  among 
them,  for  it  would  only  put  power  into  their  hands  to  destroy  the  whites. 
Acting  upon  this  advice,  Heald  resolved  to  withhold  the  munitions  of 
war ;  and  on  the  night  of  the  13th,  after  the  distribution  of  the  otlier 
property  had  been  made,  the  powder,  ball  and  liquors  were  thrown  into 
the  river,  the  muskets  broken  up  and  destroyed. 

Black  Partridge,  a  friendly  chief,  came  to  Captain  Heald,  and  said : 
"  Linden  birds  have  been  singing  in  my  ears  to-day:  be  careful  on  the 
march  you  are  going  to  take."  On  that  dark  night  vigilant  Indians  had 
crept  near  the  fort  and  discovered  the  destruction  of  their  promised  booty 
going  on  within.  The  next  morning  the  powder  was  seen  floating  on  the 
surface  of  the  river.  The  savages  were  exasperated  and  made  loud  com- 
plaints and  threats. 

On  the  following  day  when  preparations  were  making  to  leave  the 
fort,  and  all  the  inmates  were  deeply  impressed  with  a  sense  of  impend- 
ing danger,  Capt.  Wells,  an  uncle  of  Mrs.  Heald,  was  discovered  upon 
the  Indian  trail  among  the  sand-hills  on  the  borders  of  the  lake,  not  far 
distant,  with  a  band  of  mounted  Miamis,  of  whose  tribe  he  was  chief, 
having  been  adopted  by  the  famous  Miami  warrior.  Little  Turtle.  When 
news  of  Hull's  surrender  reached  Fort  Wayne,  he  had  started  with  this 
force  to  assist  Heald  in  defending  Fort  Dearborn.  He  was  too  late. 
Every  means  for  its  defense  had  been  destroyed  the  night  before,  and 
arrangements  were  made  for  leaving  the  fort  on  the  morning  of  the  loth. 

It  was  a  warm  bright  morning  in  the  middle  of  August.  Indications 
were  positive  that  the  savages  intended  to  murder  the  white  people ;  and 
when  they  moved  out  of  the  southern  gate  of  the  fort,  the  march  was 
like  a  funeral  procession.  The  band,  feeling  the  solemnity  of  the  occa- 
sion, struck  up  the  Dead  March  in  Saul. 

Capt.  Wells,  who  had  blackened  his  face  with  gun-powder  in  token 
of  his  fate,  took  the  lead  with  his  band  of  Miamis,  followed  by  Capt. 
Heald,  with  his  wife  by  his  side  on  horseback.  Mr.  Kinzie  hoped  by  his 
personal  influence  to  avert  the  impending  blow,  and  therefore  accompanied 
them,  leaving  his  family  in  a  boat  in  charge  of  a  friendly  Indian,  to  be 
taken  to  his  trading  station  at  the  site  of  Niles,  Michigan,  in  the  event  oi 
his  death. 


14t 


HISTORY    OF   THE   STATE   OF   ILLINOIS. 


■ "  "'''il,ll?liPniF"""*"""''^"7n"TT':^iii| 


HISTORY   OF   THE   STATE   OF   ILLESTOIS.  145 

The  procession  moved  slowly  along  the  lake  shore  till  they  reached 
the  sand-hills  between  the  prairie  and  the  beach,  when  the  Pottawattamie 
escort,  under  the  leadership  of  Blackbird,  filed  to  the  right,  placing  those 
hills  between  them  and  the  white  people.  Wells,  with  his  Miarais,  had 
kept  in  the  advance.  They  suddenly  came  rushing  back.  Wells  exclaim- 
ing, "  They  are  about  to  attack  us ;  form  instantly."  These  words  were 
quickly  followed  by  a  storm  of  bullets,  which  came  whistling  over  the 
little  hills  which  the  treacherous  savages  had  made  the  covert  for  their 
murderous  attack.  The  white  troops  charged  upon  the  Indians,  drove 
them  back  to  the  prairie,  and  then  the  battle  was  waged  between  fifty- 
four  soldiers,  twelve  civilians  and  three  or  four  women  (the  cowardly 
Miamis  having  fled  at  the  outset)  against  five  hundred  Indian  warriors. 
The  white  people,  hopeless,  resolved  to  sell  their  lives  as  dearly  as  j)ossible. 
Ensign  Ronan  wielded  his  weapon  vigorously,  even  after  falling  upon  his 
knees  weak  from  the  loss  of  blood.  Capt.  Wells,  who  was  by  the  side  of 
his  niece,  Mrs.  Heald,  when  the  conflict  began,  behaved  with  the  greatest 
coolness  and  courage.  He  said  to  her,  "  We  have  not  the  slightest  chance 
for  life.  We  must  part  to  meet  no  more  in  this  world.  God  bless  you." 
And  then  he  dashed  forward.  Seeing  a  young  warrior,  painted  like  a 
demon,  climb  into  a  wagon  in  which  were  twelve  children,  and  tomahawk 
them  all,  he  cried  out,  unmindful  of  his  personal  danger,  "  If  that  is  your 
game,  butchering  women  aAd  children,  I  will  kill  too."  He  spurred  his 
horse  towards  the  Indian  camp,  where  they  had  left  their  squaws  and 
papooses,  hotly  pursued  by  swift-footed  young  warriors,  who  sent  bullets 
whistling  after  him.  One  of  these  killed  his  horse  and  wounded  him 
severely  in  the  leg.  With  a  yell  the  young  braves  rushed  to  make  him 
their  prisoner  and  reserve  him  for  torture.  He  resolved  not  to  be  made 
a  captive,  and  by  the  use  of  the  most  provoking  epithets  tried  to  induce 
them  to  kill  him  instantly.  He  called  a  fiery  young  chief  a  squaiv,  when 
the  enraged  warrior  killed  Wells  instantly  with  his  tomahawk,  jumped 
upon  his  body,  cut  out  his  heart,  and  ate  a  portion  of  the  warm  morsel 
with  savage  delight ! 

In  this  fearful  combat  women  bore  a  conspicuous  part.  Mrs.  Heald 
was  an  excellent  equestrian  and  an  expert  in  the  use  of  the  rifle.  She 
fought  the  savages  bravely,  receiving  several  severe  wounds.  Though 
faint  from  the  loss  of  blood,  she  managed  to  keep  her  saddle.  A  savage 
raised  his  tomahawk  to  kill  her,  when  she  looked  him  full  in  the  face, 
and  with  a  sweet  smile  and  in  a  gentle  voice  said,  in  his  own  language, 
"  Surely  you  will  not  kill  a  squaw  !  "  The  arm  of  the  savage  fell,  and 
the  life  of  the  heroic  woman  was  saved. 

Mrs.  Helm,  the  step-daughter  of  Mr.  Kinzie,  had  an  encounter  with 
a  stout  Indian,  who  attempted  to  tomahawk  her.  Springing  to  one  side, 
she  received  the  glancing  blow  on  her  shoulder,  and  at  the  same  instant 


14(3  HISTORY   OF  THE   STATE  OF   ILLINOIS. 

seized  the  savaq:e  round  the  neck  with  her  arms  and  endeavored  to  jjet 
hold  of  his  scalping  knife,  which  hung  in  a  sheath  at  his  breast.  While 
she  was  tlius  struggling  she  was  dragged  from  her  antagonist  by  anothei 
powerful  Indian,  who  bore  her,  in  spite  of  her  struggles,  to  the  margin 
of  the  lake  and  plunged  her  in.  To  her  astonishment  she  was  held  by 
him  so  that  she  would  not  drown,  and  she  soon  perceived  that  she  was 
in  the  hands  of  the  friendly  Black  Partridge,  who  had  saved  her  life. 

The  wife  of  Sergeant  Holt,  a  large  and  powerful  woman,  behaved  as 
bravely  as  au  Amazon.  She  rode  a  fine,  high-spirited  horse,  which  the 
Indians  coveted,  and  several  of  them  attacked  her  with  the  butts  of  their 
guns,  for  the  purpose  of  dismounting  her ;  but  she  used  the  sword  which 
she  had  snatched  from  her  disabled  husband  so  skillfully  that  she  foiled 
them ;  and,  suddenly  wheeling  her  horse,  she  dashed  over  the  prairie, 
followed  by  the  savages  shouting,  "  The  brave  woman  !  the  brave  woman ! 
Don't  hurt  her !  "  They  finally  overtook  her,  and  while  she  was  fighting 
them  in  front,  a  powerful  savage  came  up  behind  her,  seized  her  by  the 
neck  and  dragged  her  to  the  ground.  Horse  and  woman  were  made 
captives.  Mrs.  Holt  was  a  long  time  a  captive  among  the  Indians,  but 
was  afterwards  ransomed. 

In  this  sharp  conflict  two-thirds  of  the  white  people  were  slain  and 
wounded,  and  all  their  horses,  baggage  and  provision  were  lost.  Only 
twenty-eight  straggling  men  now  remained  to  fight  five  hundred  Indians 
rendered  furious  b}'-  the  sight  of  blood.  They  succeeded  in  breaking 
through  the  ranks  of  the  murderers  and  gaining  a  slight  eminence  on  the 
prairie  near  the  Oak  Woods.  The  Indians  did  not  pursue,  but  gathered 
on  their  flanks,  while  the  chiefs  held  a  consultation  on  the  sand-hills,  and 
showed  signs  of  willingness  to  parley.  It  would  have  been  madness  on 
the  part  of  the  whites  to  renew  the  fight ;  and  so  Capt.  Heald  went  for- 
ward and  met  Blackbird  on  the  open  prairie,  where  terms  of  surrender 
were  soon  agreed  upon.  It  was  arranged  that  the  white  people  should 
give  up  their  arms  to  Blackbird,  and  that  the  survivors  should  become 
prisoners  of  war,  to  be  exchanged  for  ransoms  as  soon  as  practicable. 
With  this  understanding  captives  and  captors  started  for  the  Indian 
camp  near  the  fort,  to  which  Mrs.  Helm  had  been  taken  bleeding  and 
suffering  by  Black  Partridge,  and  had  met  her  step-father  and  learned 
that  her  husband  was  safe. 

A  new  scene  of  horror  was  now  opened  at  the  Indian  camp.  The 
wounded,  not  being  included  in  the  terms  of  surrender,  as  it  was  inter- 
preted by  the  Indians,  and  the  British  general,  Proctor,  having  offered  a 
liberal  bounty  for  American  scalps,  delivered  at  Maiden,  nearly  all  the 
wounded  men  were  killed  and  scalped,  and  the  price  of  the  trophies  was 
afterwards  paid  by  the  British  government. 


HISTORY    OF    THE    STATE    OF    ILLINOIS. 


149 


SHABBONA. 


[This  was  engraved  from  a  daguerreotype,  taken  when  Shabbona  was  83  years  old.] 


This  celebrated  Indian  chief,  whose  portrait  appears  in  this  work,  deserves 
more  than  a  passing  notice.  Although  Shabbona  was  not  so  conspicuous  as 
Tecumseh  or  Black  Hawk,  yet  in  point  of  merit  he  was  superior  to  either 
of  them. 

Shabbona  was  born  at  an  Indian  village  on  the  Kankakee  River,  now  in 
Will  County,  about  the  year  1775.  While  young  he  was  made  chief  of  the 
band,  and  went  to  Shabbona  Grove,  now  DeKalb  County,  where  they  were 
found  in  the  early  settlement  of  the  county. 

In  the  war  of  1812,  Shabbona,  with  his  warriors,  joined  Tecumseh,  was 


loO  HISTORY    OF    THE    STATE    OF    ILLINOIS. 

aid  to  that  grcit  chief,  and  stood  by  his  side  when  he  fell  at  the  battle  of 
the  Thames.  At  the  time  of  the  Winnebago  war,  in  1827,  he  visited  almost 
every  village  among  the  Pottawatomies,  and  bj'  his  persuasive  arguments 
prevented  them  from  taking  part  in  the  war.  By  request  of  the  citizens 
of  Chicago,  Sliabbona,.accompanied  by  Billy  Caldwell  (Sauganash),  visited 
Big  Foot's  village  at  Geneva  Lake,  in  order  to  pacify  the  warriors,  as  fears 
were  entertained  that  they  were  about  to  raise  the  tomahawk  against  the 
whites.  Here  Shabbona  was  taken  prisoner  by  Big  Foot,  and  his  life 
threatened,  but  on  the  following  day  was  set  at  liberty.  From  that  time 
the  Indians  (through  reproach)  styled  him  "  the  white  man's  friend," 
and  many  times  his  life  was  endangered. 

Before  the  Black  Hawk  war,  Shabbona  met  in  council  at  two  differ- 
ent times,  and  by  h.is  influence  prevented  his  people  from  taking  part  with 
the  Sacs  and  Foxes.  After  the  death  of  Black  Partridge  and  Senachwine, 
no  chief  amonsf  the  Pottawatomies  exerted  so  much  influence  as  Shabbona. 
Black  Hawk,  aware  of  this  influence,  visited  him  at  two  different  times,  in 
order  to  enlist  him  in  his  cause,  but  was  unsuccessful.  While  Black  Hawk 
was  a  prisoner  at  Jefferson  Barracks,  he  said,  had  it  not  been  for  Shabbona 
the  whole  Pottawatomie  nation  would  have  joined  his  standard,  and  he 
could  have  continued  the  war  for  years. 

To  Shabbona  many  of  the  early  settlers  of  Illinois  owe  the  pres- 
ervation of  their  lives,  for  it  is  a  well-known  fact,  had  he  not  notified  the 
people  of  their  danger,  a  large  portion  of  them  would  have  fallen  victims 
to  the  tomahawk  of  savages.  By  saving  the  lives  of  whites  he  endangered 
his  OAvn,  for  the  Sacs  and  Foxes  threatened  to  kill  him,  and  made  two 
attempts  to  execute  tlieir  threats.  They  killed  Pypeogee,  his  son,  and 
Pyps,  his  nephew,  and  hunted  him  down  as  though  he  was  a  wild  beast. 

Shabbona  had  a  reservation  of  two  sections  of  land  at  his  Grove,  but 
by  leaving  it  and  going  west  for  a  short  time,  the  Government  declared 
the  reservation  forfeited,  and  sold  it  the  same  as  other  vacant  land.  On 
Shabbona's  return,  and  finding  his  possessions  gone,  he  was  very  sad  and 
broken  down  in  spirit,  and  left  the  Grove  for  ever.  The  citizens  of  Ottawa 
raised  money  and  bought  him  a  tract  of  land  on  the  Illinois  River,  above 
Seneca,  in  Grundy  County,  on  which  they  built  a  house,  and  supplied 
him  with  means  to  live  on.  He  lived  here  until  his  death,  which  occurred 
on  the  ITth  of  July,  ISoO,  in  tlie  eighty-fourth  year  of  his  age,  and  Avas 
buried  with  great  pomp  in  the  cemetery  at  Morris.  His  squaw,  Pokanoka, 
was  drowned  in  Mazen  Creek,  Grundy  County,  on  the  30th  of  November, 
18G4,  and  was  buried  by  his  side. 

In  1861  subscriptions  were  taken  up  in  many  of  the  river  towns,  to 
erect  a  monument  over  the  remains  of  Shabbona,  but  the  war  breaking 
out,  the  enterprise  was  abandoned.  Only  a  plain  marble  slab  marks  the 
resting-place  of  this  friend  of  the  white  man. 


Abstract  of    Illinois    State   Laws. 


BILLS  OF  EXCHANGE  AND  PROMISSORY  NOTES. 

No  promissory  note,  check,  draft,  hill  of  exchange,  order,  or  note,  nego- 
tiable instrument  payable  at  sight,  or  on  demand,  or  on  presentment,  shall 
be  entitled  to  days  of  grace.  All  other  bills  of  exchange,  drafts  or  notes  are 
entitled  to  three  days  of  grace.  All  the  above  mentioned  paper  falling 
due  on  Sunday,  New  Years'  Day,  the  Fourth  of  July,  Christmas,  or  any 
d^y  appointed  or  recommended  by  the  President  of  the  United  States  or 
the  Grovernor  of  the  State  as  a  day  of  fast  or  thanksgiving,  shall  be  deemed 
as  due  on  the  day  previous,  and  should  two  or  more  of  these  days  come 
together,  then  such  instrument  shall  be  treated  as  due  on  the  (\.?ij  pirevious 
to  the  first  of  said  days.  No  defense  can  be  made  against  a  negotiable 
instrument  (^assigned  before  due')  in  the  hands  of  the  assignee  without 
notice,  except  fraud  was  used  in  obtaining  the  same.  To  hold  an  indorser, 
due  diligence  must  be  used  by  suit,  in  collecting  of  the  maker,  unless  suit 
would  have  been  unavailing.  Notes  payable  to  person  named  or  to  order, 
in  order  to  absolutely  transfer  title,  must  be  indorsed  by  the  payee.  Notes 
payable  to  bearer  may  be  transferred  by  delivery,  and  when  so  payable 
every  indorser  thereon  is  held  as  a  guarantor  of  payment  unless  otherwise 
expressed. 

In  computing  interest  or  discount  on  negotiable  instruments,  a  month 
shall  be  considered  a  calendar  month  or  tivelfth  of  a  year,  and  for  less 
than  a  month,  a  day  shall  be  figured  a  thirtieth  part  of  a  month.  Notes 
only  bear  interest  when  so  expressed,  but  after  due  they  draw  the  legal 
interest,  even  if  not  stated. 

INTEREST. 

The  legal  rate  of  interest  is  six  per  cent.  Parties  may  agree  in  writ- 
ing on  a  rate  not  exceeding  ten  per  cent.  If  a  rate  of  interest  greater 
than  ten  per  cent,  is  contracted  for,  it  works  a  forfeiture  of  the  whole  of 
said  interest,  and  only  the  principal  can  be  recovered. 

DESCENT. 

When  no  ivill  is  made,  the  property  of  a  deceased  person  is  distrib- 
uted as  follows : 

T5I 


152  ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS. 

First.  To  his  or  her  children  and  their  descendants  in  equal  parts  ; 
the  descendaiics  of  the  deceased  child  or  grandchild  taking  the  share  of 
their  deceased  parents  in  equal  parts  among  them. 

Second.  Wliere  there  is  no  child,  nor  descendant  of  such  child,  and 
no  widow  or  surviving  husband,  then  to  the  parents,  brothers  and  sisters 
of  the  deceased,  and  their  descendants,  in  equal  parts,  the  surviving 
parent,  if  either  be  dead,  taking  a  double  portion  ;  and  if  there  is  no 
parent  living,  then  to  the  brothers  and  sisters  of  the  intestate  and  their 
descendants. 

Third.  When  there  is  a  widow  or  surviving  husband^  and  no  child  or 
childreti^  or  descendants  of  the  same,  then  one-half  of  the  real  estate  and 
the  whole  of  the  personal  estate  shall  descend  to  such  widow  or  surviving 
husband,  absolutely,  and  the  other  half  of  the  real  estate  shall  descend  as 
in  other  cases  where  there  is  no  child  or  children  or  descendants  of  the 
same. 

Fourth.  When  there  is  a  ividoio  or  surviving  husband  and  also  a  child 
or  children.,  or  descendants  of  the  latter,  then  one  third  of  all  the  personal 
estate  to  the  widotv  or  surviving  husband  absolutely. 

Fifth.  If  there  is  no  child.,  parent.,  brother  or  sister,  or  descendants  of 
either  of  them,  and  no  widow  or  surviving  husband,  then  in  equal  parts 
to  the  next  of  kin  to  the  intestate  in  equal  degree.  Collaterals  shall  not 
be  represented  except  with  the  descendants  of  brothers  and  sisters  of  the 
intestate,  and  there  shall  be  no  distinction  between  kindred  of  the  whole 
and  the  half  blood. 

Sixth.  If  any  intestate  leaves  a  ividoiv  or  surviving  husband  and  no 
kindred^  then  to  such  widow  or  surviving  husband  ;  and  if  there  is  no  such 
widow  or  surviving  husband,  it  shall  escheat  to  and  vest  in  the  county 
where  the  same,  or  the  greater  portion  thereof,  is  situated. 

WILLS  AND  ESTATES  OF  DECEASED  PERSONS. 

No  exact  form  of  ivords  are  necessarv  in  order  to  make  a  will  good  at 
law.  Every  male  person  of  the  age  of  twenty-one  years,  and  eyevy  feiuale 
of  the  age  of  eighteen  years,  of  sound  mind  and  memory,  can  make  a  valid 
will ;  it  must  be  in  writing,  signed  by  the  testator  or  by  some  one  in  his 
or  her  presence  and  by  his  or  her  direction,  and  attested  by  tivo  or  more 
credible  witnesses.  Care  should  be  taken  that  the  witnesses  are  not  inter- 
ested  in  the  will.  Persons  knoiving  themselves  to  have  been  named  in  the 
will  or  appointed  executor,  must  within  thirty  days  of  the  death  of 
deceased  cause  the  will  to  be  proved  and  recorded  in  tlie  proper  county, 
or  present  it,  and  refuse  to  accept ;  on  failure  to  do  so  are  liable  to  forfeit 
the  sum  of  twenty  dollars  per  motith.  Inventory  to  be  made  by  executor 
or  administrator  within  three  months  from  date  of  letters  testamentary  or 


ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS.  153 

of  administration.  Executors'  and  administrators'  compensation  not  to 
exceed  six  per  cent,  on  amount  of  personal  estate,  and  three  per  cent, 
on  money  realized  from  real  estate,  with  such  additional  allowance  as 
shall  be  reasonable  for  extra  services.  Appraisers'  compensation  $2  pei 
day. 

Notice  requiring  all  claims  to  be  presented  against  the  estate  shall  b^ 
given  by  the  executor  or  administrator  within  six  months  of  being  quali- 
fied. Any  person  having  a  claim  and  not  presenting  it  at  the  time  fixed 
by  said  notice  is  required  to  have  summons  issued  notifying  the  executor 
or  administrator  of  his  having  filed  his  claim  in  court ;  in  such  cases  the 
costs  have  to  be  paid  by  the  claimant.  Qlaims  should  be  filed  within  tivo 
years  from  the  time  administration  is  granted  on  an  estate,  as  after  that 
time  they  2(,vq  forever  barred,  unless  other  estate  is  found  that  was  not  in- 
ventoried. Married  women,  infants,  persons  insane,  imprisoned  or  without 
the  United  States,  in  the  employment  of  the  United  States,  or  of  this 
State,  have  two  years  after  their  disabilities  are  removed  to  file  claims. 

Claims  are  classified  and  paid  out  of  the  estate  in  the  following  manner: 

First.     Funeral  expenses. 

Second.  The  widow's  award,  if  there  is  a  widow  ;  or  children  if  there 
are  children,  and  no  ividoiv. 

Third.  Expenses  attending  the  last  illness,  not  including  physician's 
bill. 

Fourth.     Debts  due  the  common  school  or  township  fund . 

Fifth.  All  expenses  of  proving  the  will  and  taking  out  letters  testa- 
mentary or  administration,  and  settlement  of  the  estate,  and  the  physi- 
cian's bill  in  the  last  illness  of  deceased. 

Sixth.  Where  the  deceased  has  received  money  in  trust  for  any  pur- 
pose, his  executor  or  administrator  shall  pay  out  of  his  estate  the  amount 
feceived  and  not  accounted  for. 

Seventh.  All  other  debts  and  demands  of  whatsoever  kind,  without 
regard  to  quality  or  dignity,  which  shall  be  exhibited  to  the  court  within 
two  years  from  the  granting  of  letters. 

Award  to  Widow  and  Children,  exclusive  of  debts  and  legacies  or  be- 
quests, except  funeral  expenses : 

First.  The  family  pictures  and  tvearing  apparel,  jewels  and  ornaments 
of  herself  and  minor  children. 

Second.     School  books  and  the  family  library  of  the  value  of  $100. 

Third.      One  sewing  machine. 

Fourth.     Necessary  beds,  bedsteads  and  bedding  for  herself  and  family. 
Fifth.     The  stoves  and  pipe  used  in  the  family,  with  the  necessary 
cooking  utensils,  or  in  case  they  have  none,  $50  in  money. 

Sixth.     Household  and  kitchen  furniture  to  the  value  of  $100. 

Seventh.      One  milch  cow  and  calf  for  every  four  members  of  her  family. 


154  ABSTRACT  OF   ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS. 

Eighth.  Two  sheep  for  each  member  of  her  family,  and  the  fleeces 
taken  from  the  same,  and  one  horse,  saddle  and  bridle. 

Ninth.     Provisions  for  herself  and  family  for  one  year. 

Tenth.     Food  for  the  stock  above  specified  for  six  months. 

Eleventh.     Fuel  for  herself  and  family  for  three  months. 

Twelfth.  One  hundred  dollars  worth  of  other  property  suited  to  her 
condition  in  life,  to  be  selected  by  the  widow. 

The  loidoiv  if  she  elects  may  have  in  lieu  of  the  said  award,  the  same 
personal  property  or  money  in  place  thereof  as  isDr  may  be  exempt  from 
execution  or  attachment  against  the  head  of  a  family. 

TAXES. 

The  owners  of  real  and  personal  property,-  on  the  first  day  of  May  in 
each  year,  are  liable  for  the  taxes  thereon. 

Assessments  should  be  completed  before  the  fourth  Monday  in  June., 
at  which  time  the  town  board  of  review  meets  to  examine  assessments, 
hear  objections.,  and  make  such  changes  as  ought  to  be  made.  The  county 
board  have  also  power  to  correct  or  change  assessments. 

The  tax  books  are  placed  in  the  hands  of  the  town  collector  on  or 
before  tl.e  tenth  day  of  December,  who  retains  them  until  the  tenth  day 
of  March  following,  when  he  is  required  to  return  them  to  the  county 
treasurer,  who  then  collects  all  delinquent  taxes. 

No  costs  accrue  on  real  estate  taxes  till  advertised.,  which  takes  place 
the  first  day  of  April,  when  three  weeks'  notice  is  requu*ed  before  judg- 
ment. Cost  of  advertising,  twenty  cents  each  tract  of  land,  and  ten  cents 
each  lot. 

Judgment  is  usually  obtained  at  May  term  of  County  Court.  Costs 
six  cents  each  tract  of  land,  and  five  cents  each  lot.  Sale  takes  place  in 
June.  Costs  in  addition  to  those  before  mentioned,  twenty-eight  cents 
each  tract  of  land,  and  twenty-seven  cents  each  town  lot. 

Real  estate  sold  for  taxes  may  be  redeemed  any  time  before  the  expi- 
ration of  two  years  from  the  date  of  sale,  by  payment  to  the  County  Clerk 
of  the  amount  for  which  it  was  sold  and  twenty-five  per  cent,  thereon  if 
redeemed  within  six  months,  fifty  per  cent,  if  between  six  and  twelve 
months,  if  between  twelve  and  eighteen  months  seventy-five  per  cent., 
and  if  between  eighteen  months  and  two  years  one  hundred  per  cent., 
and  in  addition,  all  subsequent  taxes  paid  by  the  purchaser,  with  ten  per 
cent,  interest  thereon,  also  one  dollar  each  tract  if  notice  is  given  by  the 
purchaser  of  the  sale,  and  a  fee  of  twenty-five  cents  to  the  clerk  for  his 
certificate. 

JURISDICTION  OF  COURTS. 

Justices  have  jurisdiction  in  all  civil  cases  on  contracts  iov  the  recovery 
of  moneys  for  damages  for  injury  to  real  property.,  or  taking,  detaining,  or 


ABSTRACT   OF  ILLINOIS   STATE  LAWS.  155 

injuring  personal  property ;  for  rent;  for  all  cases  to  recover  damages  done 
real  or  personal  property  by  railroad  companies,  in  actions  of  replevin,  and 
in  actions  for  damages  for  fraud  in  the  sale,  purchase,  or  exchange  of  per- 
sonal property,  when  the  amount  claimed  as  due  is  not  over  $200.  They 
have  also  jurisdiction  in  all  cases  for  violation  of  the  ordinances  of  cities, 
towns  or  villages.  A  justice  of  the  peace  may  orally  order  an  officer  or  a 
private  person  to  arrest  any  one  committing  or  attempting  to  commit  a 
criminal  offense.  He  also  upon  complaint  can  issue  his  warrant  for  the 
arrest  of  any  person  ac-used  of  having  committed  a  crime,  and  have  him 
brought  before  him  for  examination. 

COUNTY  COURTS 

Have  jurisdiction  in  all  matters  of  probate  (except  in  counties  having  a 
population  of  one  hundred  thousand  or  over),  settlement  of  estates  of 
deceased  persons,  appointment  of  guardians  and  conservators,  and  settle- 
ment of  their  accounts ;  all  matters  relating  to  apprentices  ;  proceedings 
for  the  collection  of  taxes  and  assessments,  and  in  proceedings  of  executors, 
administrators,  guardians  and  conservators  for  the  sale  of  real  estate.  In 
law  cases  they  have  concurrent  jurisdiction  with  Circuit  Courts  in  all 
cases  where  justices  of  the  peace  now  have,  or  hereafter  may  have, 
jurisdiction  when  the  amount  claimed  shall  not  exceed  $1,000,  and  in  all 
criminal  offenses  where  the  punishment  is  not  imprisonment  in  the  peni- 
tentiary, or  death,  and  in  all  cases  of  appeals  from  justices  of  the  peace 
and  police  magistrates ;  excepting  when  the  county  judge  is  sitting  as  a 
justice  of  the  peace.     Circuit  Courts  have  unlimited  jurisdiction. 

LIMITATION  OF  ACTION. 

Accounts  jive  years.  Notes  and  written  contracts  ten  years.  Judg- 
ments twenty  years.  Partial  payments  or  new  promise  in  writing,  within 
or  after  said  period,  will  revive  the  debt.  Absence  from  the  State  deducted, 
and  when  the  cause  of  action  is  barred  by  the  law  of  another  State,  it  has 
the  same  effect  here.  Slander  and  libel,  one  year.  Personal  injuries,  tioo 
years.  To  recover  land  or  make  entry  thereon,  twenty  years.  Action  to 
foreclose  mortgage  or  trust  deed,  or  make  a  sale,  ivithin  ten  years. 

All  persons  in  possession  of  land,  and  payiiig  taxes  for  seven  consecu- 
tive years,  with  color  of  title,  and  all  persons  paying  taxes  for  seven  con- 
secutive years,  with  color  of  title,  on  vacant  land,  shall  be  held  to  be  the 
legal  owners  to  the  extent  of  their  paper  title. 

MARRIED  WOMEN 

May  sue  and  be  sued.  Husband  and  wife  not  liable  for  each  other's  debts, 
either  before  or  after  marriage,  but  both  are  liable  for  expenses  and  edu- 
cation of  the  family. 

4 


156  ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS    STATE   LAWS. 

She  may  contract  the  same  as  if  unmarried^  except  that  in  a  partner- 
ship business  she  can  not,  without  consent  of  her  husband,  unless  he  has 
abandoned  or  deserted  her,  or  is  idiotic  or  insane,  or  confined  in  peniten- 
tiary ;  she  is  entitled  and  can  recover  her  own  earnings,  but  neither  hus- 
band nor  wife  is  entitled  to  compensation  for  any  services  rendered  for  the 
other.  At  the  death  of  the  husband,  in  addition  to  widow's  award,  a 
married  woman  has  a  dower  interest  (one-third)  in  all  real  estate  owned 
by  her  husband  after  their  marriage,  and  which  has  not  been  released  by 
her,  and  the  husband  has  the  same  interest  in  the  real  estate  of  the  wife 
at  her  death. 

EXEMPTIONS  FROM  FORCED  SALE. 

Some  tvorth  f  1,000,  and  the  following  Personal  Property :  Lot  of  ground 
and  buildings  thereon,  occupied  as  a  residence  by  the  debtor,  being  a  house- 
holder and  having  a  family,  to  the  value  of  $1,000.  Uxonption  continues 
after  the  death  of  the  householder  for  the  benefit  of  widow  and  family,  some 
one  of  them  occupying  the  homestead  until  youngest  child  shall  become 
twenty-one  years  of  age,  and  until  death  of  ividow.  There  is  no  exemption 
from  sale  for  taxes,  assessments,  debt  or  liability  incurred  for  the  purchase 
or  improvement  of  said  homestead.  No  release  or  waiver  of  exemption  is 
valid,  unless  in  writing,  and  subscribed  by  such  householder  and  wife  (if 
he  have  one),  and  acknowledged  as  conveyances  of  real  estate  are  required 
to  be  acknowledged.  The  following  articles  of  personal  property  owned 
by  the  debtor,  are  exempt  from  execution,  ivrit  of  attachment,  and  distress 
for  rent :  The  necessary  wearing  apparel,  Bibles,  school  books  and  family 
pictures  of  every  person  ;  and,  2d,  one  hundred  dollars  worth  of  other 
property  to  be  selected  by  the  debtor,  and,  in  addition,  when  the  debtor 
is  the  head  of  a  family  and  resides  with  the  same,  three  hundred  dollars 
worth  of  other  property  to  be  selected  by  the  debtor ;  provided  that  such 
selection  and  exemption  shall  not  be  made  by  the  debtor  or  allowed  to 
him  or  her  from  any  money,  salary  or  wages  due  him  or  her  from  any 
person  or  persons  or  corporations  whatever. 

When  the  head  of  a  family  shall  die,  desert  or  not  reside  with  the 
same,  the  family  shall  be  entitled  to  and  receive  all  the  benefit  and  priv- 
ileges which  are  by  this  act  conferred  upon  the  hfead  of  a  family  residing 
with  the  same.  No  personal  property  is  exempt  from  execution  when 
judgment  is  obtained  for  the  wages  of  laborers  or  servants.  Wages  of  a 
laborer  who  is  the  head  of  a  family  can  not  be  garnisheed,  except  the  sum 
due  him  be  in  excess  of  $25. 


ABSTRACT   OP    ILLINOIS    STATE   LAWS.  157 

DEEDS  AND  MORTGAGES. 

To  he  valid  there  must  he  a  valid  consideration.  Special  care  should 
be  taken  to  have  them  signed,  sealed,  delivered,  and  properly  acknowl- 
edged, with  the  proper  seal  attached.  Witnesses  are  not  required.  The 
acknoivledgement  must  be  made  in  this  state,  before  Master  in  Chancery, 
Notary  Puhlic,  United  States  Commissioner,  Circuit  or  County  Clerk,  Justice 
of  Peace,  or  any  Court  of  Record  having  a  seal,  or  any  Judge,  Justice,  or 
Clerk  of  any  such  Court.  When  taken  before  a  Notary  Public,  or  United 
States  Commissioner,  the  same  shall  be  attested  by  his  official  seal,  when 
taken  before  a  Court  or  the  Clerk  thereof,  the  same  shall  be  attested  by 
the  seal  of  such  Court,  and  -vvhen  taken  before  a  Justice  of  the  Peace  resid- 
ing out  of  the  county  where  the  real  estate  to  be  conveyed  lies,  there  shall 
be  added  a  certificate  of  the  County  Clerk  under  his  seal  of  office,  that  he 
was  a  Justice  of  the  Peace  in  the  county  at  the  time  of  taking  the  same. 
A  deed  is  good  without  such  certificate  attached,  but  can  not  be  used  in 
evidence  unless  such  a  certificate  is  produced  or  other  competent  evidence 
introduced.  Acknowledgements  made  out  of  the  state  must  either  be 
executed  according  to  the  laws  of  this  state,  or  there  should  be  attached 
a  certificate  that  it  is  in  conformity  with  the  laws  of  the  state  or  country 
where  executed.  Where  this  is  not  done  the  same  may  be  proved  by  any 
other  legal  way.  Acknowledgments  where  the  Homestead  rights  are  to 
be  waived  must  state  as  follows  :  "  Including  the  release  and  waiver  of 
tlie  right  of  homestead." 

Notaries  Public  can  take  acknowledgements  any  where  in  the  state. 

Sheriffs,  if  authorized  by  the  mortgagor  of  real  or  personal  property 
in  his  mortgage,  may  sell  the  property  mortgaged. 

In  the  case  of  the  death  of  grantor  or  holder  of  the  equity  of  redemp- 
tion of  real  estate  mortgaged,  or  conveyed  by  deed  of  trust  where  equit}' 
of  redemption  is  waived,  and  it  contains  power  of  sale,  must  be  foreclosed 
in  the  same  manner  as  a  common  mortgage  in  court. 

ESTRAYS. 

Horses,  mules,  asses,  neat  cattle,  swine,  sheep,  or  goats  found  straying 
at  any  time  during  the  year,  in  counties  where  such  animals  are  not  allowed 
to  run  at  large,  or  between  the  last  day  of  October  and  the  15th  day  of 
April  in  other  counties,  the  owner  thereof  being  unknown,  may  he  taken  up 
as  estrays. 

No  person  not  a  householder  in  the  county  where  estray  is  found  can 
laufully  take  up  an  estray,  and  then  only  upon  or  about  his  farm  or  place 
of  residence.  Estrays  should  not  he  used  before  advertised,  except  animalg 
giving  milk,  which  may  be  milked  for  their  benefit. 


158  ABSTRACT   OF    ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS. 

Notices  must  be  posted  up  witliin  five  (5)  days  in  three  (3)  of  the 
most  public  places  in  the  town  or  precinct  in  which  estray  was  found,  giv- 
ing the  residence  of  the  taker  up,  and  a  particular  description  of  the 
estra}',  its  age,  color,  and  marks  natural  and  artificial,  and  stating  before 
what  justice  of  the  peace  in  such  town  or  precinct,  and  at  what  time,  not 
less  than  ten  (10)  nor  more  than  fifteen  (15)  days  from  the  time  of  post- 
ing sucii  notices,  he  will  apply  to  have  the  estray  appraised. 

A  copy  of  such  notice  should  be  filed  by  the  taker  up  with  the  totvn 
clerk,  whose  duty  it  is  to  enter  the  same  at  large,  in  a  book  kept  by  him 
for  that  purpose. 

If  the  owner  of  estray  shall  not  have  appeared  and  proved  ownership, 
and  taken  the  same  away,  first  paying  the  taker  up  his  reasonable  charges 
for  taking  up,  keeping,  and  advertising  the  same,  the  taker  up  shall  appear 
before  the  justice  of  the  peace  mentioned  in  above  mentioned  notice,  and 
make  an  affidavit  as  required  by  law. 

As  the  affidavit  has  to  be  made  before  the  Justice,  and  all  other  steps  as 
to  appraisement,  etc.,  are  before  him,  who  is  familiar  therewith,  they  are 
therefore  omitted  here. 

Any  person  taking  up  an  estray  at  any  other  place  than  about  or 
upon  his  farm  or  residence,  or  without  complying  tvith  the  laiv,  shall  forfeit 
and  pay  a  fine  of  ten  dollars  with  costs. 

Ordinary  diligence  is  required  in  taking  care  of  estrays,  but  in  case 
they  die  or  get  away  the  taker  is  not  liable  for  the  same. 

GAME. 

It  is  unlaivful  for  any  person  to  kill,  or  attempt  to  kill  or  destroy,  in 
any  manner,  any  prairie  hen  or  chicken  or  woodcock  between  the  15th  day 
of  January  and  the  1st  day  of  September ;  or  any  deer,  fawn,  ivild-turkey, 
partridge  or  pheasant  between  the  1st  day  of  February  and  the  1st  day 
of  October ;  or  any  quail  between  the  1st  day  of  February  and  1st  day  of 
November ;  or  any  wild  goose,  duck,  snipe,  brant  or  otlier  water  fowl 
between  the  1st  day  of  May  and  15th  day  of  August  in  each  year. 
Penalty  :  Fine  not  less  than  $5  nor  more  than  $25,  for  each  bird  or 
animal,  and  costs  of  suit,  and  stand  committed  to  county  jail  until  fine  is 
paid,  but  not  exceeding  ten  days.  It  is  unlawful  to  hunt  with  gun,  dog 
or  net  within  the  inclosed  grounds  or  lands  of  another  without  permission. 
Penalty:  Fine  not  less  than  83  nor  more  than  $100,  to  be  paid  into 
school  fund. 

WEIGHTS  AND  MEASURES. 

Whenever  any  of  the  following  articles  shall  be  contracted  for,  or 
sold  or  delivered,  and  no  special  contract  or  agreement  shall  be  made  to 
the  contrary,  the  weight  per  bushel  shall  be  as  follows,  to-wit : 


ABSTRACT    OF    ILLINOIS    STATE    LAWS.  159 


Pounds. 

Pounds. 

Stone  Coal, 

-  80 

Buckwheat,     - 

-  52 

Unslacked  Lime, 

-       80 

Coarse  Salt, 

-      50 

Corn  ill  the  ear. 

-  70 

Barley,    -         -         - 

-  48 

Wheat,         -         -.         - 

-      60 

Corn  Meal, 

-      48 

Irish  Potatoes, 

-  60 

Castor  Beans, 

-  46 

"White  Beans, 

-       60 

Timothy  Seed,     - 

-      45 

Clover  Seed,   - 

-  60 

Hemp  Seed,    - 

-  44 

Onions,        _         ~         - 

57 

Malt,  -         -         -         - 

-      38 

Shelled  Corn, 

-  56 

Dried  Peaches, 

-  33 

Rye,    -         -        -         - 

-      56 

Oats,   -         -         -         - 

-      32 

Flax  Seed,       - 

-  56 

Dried  Apples, 

-  24 

Sweet  Potatoes,  - 

55 

Bran,  -         -         -         - 

-      20 

Turnips, 

-  55 

Blue  Grass  Seed,     - 

-  14 

Fine  Salt,   - 

-       55 

Hair  (plastering). 

8 

Penalty  for  giving  less  than  the  above  standard  is  double  the  amount 
of  property  wrongfully  not  given,  and  ten  dollars  addition  thereto. 

MILLERS. 

The  owner  or  occupant  of  every  public  grist  mill  in  this  state  shall 
grind  all  grain  brought  to  his  mill  in  its  turn.  The  toll  for  both  steam 
and  ivater  mills,  is,  for  grinding  and  bolting  wheat.,  rye.,  or  other  grain,  one 
eighth  part;  for  grinding  Indian  corn.,  oats.,  barley  and  huckivheat  not 
required  to  be  bolted,  one  seventh  part;  for  grinding  malt,  and  chopping  all 
kinds  of  grain,  one  eighth  part.  It  is  the  duty  of  every  miller  when  his 
mill  is  in  repair,  to  aid  and  assist  in  loading  and  unloading  all  grain  brought 
to  him  to  be  ground,  and  he  is  also  required  to  keep  an  accurate  half 
bushel  measure,  and  an  accurate  set  of  toll  dishes  or  scales^  for  weighing 
the  grain.  The  penalty  for  neglect  or  refusal  to  comply  with  the  law  is 
$5,  to  the  use  of  any  person  to  sue  for  the  same,  to  be  recovered  before 
any  justice  of  the  peace  of  the  county  where  penalty  is  incurred.  Millers 
are  accountable  for  the  safe  keeping  of  all  grain  left  in  his  mill  for  the 
purpose  of  being  ground,  with  bags  or  casks  containii^  same  (except  it 
results  from  unavoidable  accidents),  provided  that  such  bags  or  casks  are 
distinctly  marked  with  the  initial  letters  of  the  owner's  name. 

MARKS  AND  BRANDS. 

Owners  of  cattle,  horses,  hogs,  sheep  or  goats  may  have  one  earmark 
and  one  brand,  but  which  shall  be  different  from  his  neighbor's,  and  iiiay 
be  recorded  by  the  count}^  clerk  of  the  county  in  which  such  property  is 
kept.  The  fee  for  such  record  is  fifteen  cents.  The  record  of  such  shall 
be  open  to  examination  free  of  charge.  In  cases  of  disputes  as  to  marks 
or  brands,  such  record  is  vrima  facie  evidence.  Owners  of  cattle,  horses, 
hogs,  sheep    or   goats    that   may    liave   been   branded  by  the  former  owner, 


lOU  ABSTRACT   OF    ILLINOIS    STATE   LAWS. 

may  be  re-bianded  iu  presence  of  one  or  more  of  his  neighbors,  wlio  shall 
certify  to  the  facts  of  the  marking  or  branding  being  done,  when  done, 
and  in  what  brand  or  mark  they  were  re-branded  or  re-marked,  which 
certificate  may  also  be  recorded  as  before  stated. 

ADOPTION  OF  CHILDREN. 

Children  may  be  adopted  by  any  resident  of  this  state,  by  filing  a 
petition  in  the  Circuit  or  County  Court  of  the  county  in  which  he  resides, 
asking  leave  to  do  so,  and  if  desired  may  ask  that  the  name  of  the  child 
be  changed.  Such  petition,  if  made  by  a  person  having  a  husband  or 
wife,  will  not  be  granted,  unless  the  husband  or  wife  joins  therein,  as  the 
adoption  must  be  by  them  jointly. 

The  petition  shall  state  name,  sex,  and  age  of  the  child,  and  the  new 
name,  if  it  is  desired  to  change  the  name.  Also  the  name  and  residence 
of  the  parents  of  the  child,  if  known,  and  of  the  guardian,  if  any,  and 
whether  the  parents  or  guardians  consent  to  the  adoption. 

The  court  must  find,  before  granting  decree,  that  the  parents  of  the 
child,  or  the  survivors  of  them,  have  deserted  his  or  her  family  or  such 
child  for  one  year  next  preceding  the  application,  or  if  neither  are  living, 
the  guardian ;  if  no  guardian,  the  next  of  kin  in  this  state  capable  of  giving 
consent,  has  had  notice  of  the  presentation  of  the  petition  and  consents 
to  such  adoption.  If  the  child  is  of  the  age  of  fourteen  years  or  upwards^ 
the  adoption  can  not  be  made  without  its  consent. 

SURVEYORS  AND  SURVEYS. 

There  is  in  every  county  elected  a  surveyor  known  as  county  sur- 
veyor, who  has  power  to  appoint  deputies,  for  whose  official  acts  he  is 
responsible.  It  is  the  duty  of  the  county  surveyor,  either  by  himself  or 
his  deputy,  to  make  all  surveys  that  he  may  be  called  upon  to  make  within 
his  county  as  soon  as  may  be  after  application  is  made.  The  necessary 
chainmen  and  other  assistance  must  be  employed  by  the  person  requiring 
the  same  to  be  done,  and  to  be  by  him  paid,  unless  otherwise  agreed  ;  but 
the  chainmen  must  be  disinterested  persons  and  approved  by  the  surveyor 
and  sworn  by  him  to  measure  justly  and  impartially. 

The  County  Board  in  each  county  is  required  by  law  to  provide  a  copy 
of  the  United  States  field  notes  and  plats  of  their  surveys  of  the  lands 
in  the  county  to  be  kept  in  the  recorder's  office  subject  to  examination 
by  the  public,  and  the  county  surveyor  is  required  to  make  his  surveys 
in  conformity  to  said  notes,  plats  and  the  laws  of  the  United  States  gov- 
erning such  matters.  The  surveyor  is  also  required  to  keep  a  record 
of  all  surveys  made  by  him,  which  shall  be  subject  to  inspection  by  any 
one  interested,  and  shall  be  delivered  up  to  his  successor  in  office.     A. 


ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS    STATE  LAWS.  161 

certified  copy  of  the  said  surveyor's  record  shall  be  prima  facie  evidence 
of  its  contents. 

The  fees  of  county  surveyors  are  six  dollars  per  day.  The  county 
surveyor  is  also  ex  officio  inspector  of  mines,  and  as  such,  assisted  by  some 
practical  miner  selected  by  him,  shall  once  each  year  inspect  all  the 
mines  in  the  county,  for  which  they  shall  each  receive  such  compensa- 
tion as  may  be  fixed  by  the  County  Board,  not  exceeding  $5  a  day,  to 
be  paid  out  of  the  county  treasury. 

ROADS  AND  BRIDGES. 

Where  practicable  from  the  nature  of  the  ground,  persons  traveling 
in  any  kind  of  vehicle,  7nust  turn  to  the  right  of  the  center  of  the  road,  so 
as  to  permit  each  carriage  to  pass  without  interfering  with  each  other. 
The  j^'^nalti/  for  a  violation  of  this  provision  is  $5  for  every  offense,  to 
be  recovered  by  the  parti/  injured ;  but  to  recover,  there  must  have 
occurred  some  injury  to  person  or  property  resulting  from  the  violation. 
The  owners  of  any  carriage  traveling  upon  any  road  in  this  State  for  the 
conveyance  of  passengers  who  shall  employ  or  continue  in  his  employment 
as  driver  any  person  who  is  addicted  to  drunkenness,  or  the  excessive  use  of 
spiritous  liquors,  after  he  has  had  notice  of  the  same,  shall  forfeit,  at  the 
rate  of  |5  per  day,  and  if  any  driver  while  actually  engaged  in  driving 
any  such  carriage,  shall  be  guilty  of  intoxicatio7i  to  such  a  degree  as  to. 
endanger  tjie  safety  of  passengers,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  owner,  on 
receiving  written  notice  of  the  fact,  signed  by  one  of  the  passengers,  and 
certified  by  him  on  oath,  forthwith  to  discharge  such  driver.  If  such  owner 
shall  have  such  driver  in  his  employ  withiii  three  months  after  such  notice, 
he  is  liable  for  $5  per  day  for  the  time  he  shall  keep  said  driver  in  his 
employment  after  receiving  such  notice. 

Persons  driving  any  carriage  on  any  public  highway  are  prohibited 
from  running  their  horses  upon  any  occasion  under  a  penalty  of  a  fine  not 
exceeding  $10,  or  imprisonment  not  exceeding  sixty  .days,  at  the  discre- 
tion of  the  court.  Horses  attached  to  any  carriage  used  to  convey  passen- 
gers for  hire  must  be  properly  hitched  or  the  lines  placed  in  the  hands  of 
some  other  person  before  the  driver  leaves  them  for  any  purpose.  For 
violation  of  this  provision  each  driver  shall  forfeit  twenty  dollars,  to  be 
recovered  by  action,  to  be  commenced  within  six^  months.  It  is  under- 
stood by  the  term  carriage  herein  to  mean  any  carriage  or  vehicle  used 
for  the  transportation  of  passengers  or  goods  or  either  of  them. 

The  commissioners  of  highways  in  the  different  tov/ns  have  the  care 
and  superintendence  of  highways  and  bridges  therein.  They  have  all 
the  powers  necessary  to  lay  out,  vacate,  regulate  and  repair  all  roads* 
build  and  repair  bridges.  In  addition  to  the  above,  it  is  their  duty  to 
erect  and   keep  in  repair  at  the  forks  or  crossing-place  of  the   most. 


162  ABSTRACT   OF    ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS. 

important  roads  post  and  guide  boards  with  plain  inscriptions,  giving 
directions  and  distances  to  the  most  noted  phices  to  which  such  road  may 
lead ;  also  to  make  provisions  to  prevent  thistles,  burdock,  and  cockle 
burrs,  mustard,  yellow  dock,  Indian  mallow  and  jimson  weed  from 
seeding,  and  to  extirpate  the  same  as  far  as  practicable,  and  to  prevent 
all  rank  growth  of  vegetation  on  the  public  highways  so  far  as  the  same 
may  obstruct  public  travel,  and  it  is  in  their  discretion  to  erect  watering 
places  for  public  use  for  watering  teams  at  such  points  as  may  be  deemed 
advisable. 

The  Commissioners,  on  or  before  the  1st  day  of  May  of  each  year, 
shall  make  out  and  deliver  to  their  treasurer  a  list  of  all  able-bodied  men 
in  their  town,  excepting  paupers,  idiots,  lunatics,  and  such  others  as  are 
exempt  by  law,  and  assess  against  each  the  sum  of  two  dollars  as  a  poll 
tax  for  highway  purposes.  Within  thirty  days  after  such  list  is  delivered 
they  shall  cause  a  written  or  printed  notice  to  be  given  to  each  person  so 
assessed,  notifying  him  of  the  time  when  and  place  where  such  tax  must 
be  paid,  or  its  equivalent  in  labor  performed  ;  they  may  contract  with 
persons  owing  such  poll  tax  to  perform  a  certain  amount  of  labor  on  any 
road  or  bridge  in  payment  of  the  same,  and  if  such  tax  is  not  paid  nor 
labor  performed  by  the  first  Monday  of  July  of  such  year,  or  within  ten 
days  after  notice  is  given  after  that  time,  they  shall  bring  suit  therefor 
against  such  person  before  a  justice  of  the  peace,  who  shall  hear  and 
determine  the  case  according  to  law  for  the  offense  complained  of,  and 
shall  forthwith  issue  an  execution,  directed  to  any  constable  of  the  county 
where  the  delinquent  shall  reside,  who  shall  forthwith  collect  the  moneys 
therein  mentioned. 

The  Commissioners  of  Highways  of  each  town  shall  annually  ascer- 
tain, as  near  as  practicable,  how  much  money  must  be  raised  b}^  tax  on  real 
and  personal  property  for  the  making  and  repairing  of  roads,  only,  to  any 
amount  they  may  deem  necessary,  not  exceeding  forty  cents  on  each  one 
hundred  dollars'  wortli,  as  valued  on  the  assessment  roll  of  the  previous 
year.  The  tax  so  levied  on  property  lying  within  an  incorporated  village, 
town  or  city,  shall  be  paid  over  to  the  corporate  authorities  of  such  town, 
village  or  city.  Commissioners  shall  receive  $1.50  for  each  day  neces- 
sarily employed  in  the  discharge  of  their  duty. 

Overseers.  At  the  first  meeting  the  Commissioners  shall  choose  one 
of  their  number  to  act  General  Overseer  of  Highways  in  their  township, 
whose  duty  it  shall  be  to  take  charge  of  and  safely  keep  all  tools,  imple- 
ments and  machinery  belonging  to  said  town,  and  shall,  by  the  direction 
of  the  Board,  have  general  supervision  of  all  roads  and  bridges  in  their 
town. 


ABSTRACT   OP  ILLINOIS   STATE  LAWS.  163 

As  all  township  and  county  officers  are  familiar  with  their  duties,  it 
is  only  intended  to  give  the  points  of  the  law  that  the  public  should  be 
familiar  with.  The  manner  of  laying  out,  altering  or  vacating  roads,  etc., 
will  not  be  here  stated,  as  it  would  require  more  space  than  is  contem- 
plated in  a  work  of  this  kind.  It  is  sufficient  to  state  that,  the  first  step 
is  by  petition,  addressed  to  the  Commissioners,  setting  out  what  is  prayed 
for,  giving  the  names  of  the  owners  of  lands  if  known,  if  not  known  so 
state,  over  which  the  road  is  to  pass,  giving  the  general  course,  its  place 
of  beginning,  and  where  it  terminates.  It  requires  not  less  than  twelve 
freeholders  residing  within  three  miles  of  the  road  who  shall  sign  the 
petition.  PubHc  roads  must  not  be  less  than  fifty  feet  wide,  nor  more 
than  sixty  feet  wide.  Roads  not  exceeding  two  miles  in  length,  if  peti- 
tioned for,  may  be  laid  out,  not  less  than  forty  feet.  Private  roads 
for  private  and  public  use,  may  be  laid  out  of  the  width  of  three  rods,  on 
petition  of  the  person  directly  interested  ;  the  damage  occasioned  thereby 
shall  be  paid  by  the  premises  benefited  thereby,  and  before  the  road  is 
opened.  If  not  opened  in  two  years,  the  order  shall  be  considered 
rescinded.  Commissionerrs  in  their  discretion  may  permit  persons  who 
live  on  or  have  private  roads,  to  work  out  their  road  tax  thereon.  Public 
roads  must  be  opened  in  five  days  from  date  of  filing  order  of  location, 
or  be  deemed  vacated. 

DRAINAGE. 

Whenever  one  or  more  owners  or  occupants  of  land  desire  to  construct 
I  drain  or  ditch  across  the  land  of  others  for  agricultural,  sanitary  or 
mining  purposes,  the  proceedings  are  as  follows : 

File  a  petition  in  the  Circuit  or  County  Court  of  the  county  in  which 
the  proposed  ditch  or  drain  is  to  be  constructed,  setting  forth  the  neces- 
sity for  the  same,  with  a  description  of  its  proposed  starting  point,  route 
and  terminus,  and  if  it  shall  be  necessary  for  the  drainage  of  the  land  or 
coal  mines  or  for  sanitary  purposes,  that  a  drain,  ditch,  levee  or  similar 
work  be  constructed,  a  description  of  the  same.  It  shall  also  set  forth 
the  names  of  all  persons  owning  the  land  over  which  such  drain  or  ditch 
shall  be  constructed,  or  if  unknown  stating  that  fact. 

No  private  property  shall  be  taken  or  damaged  for  the  purpose  of 
constructing  a  ditch,  drain  or  levee,  without  compensation,  if  claimed  by 
the  owner,  the  same  to  be  ascertained  by  a  jury;  but  if  the  construction 
of  such  ditch,  drain  or  levee  shall  be  a  benefit  to  the  owner,  the  same 
shall  be  a  set  off  against  such  compensation. 

If  the  proceedings  seek  to  affect  the  property  of  a  minor,  lunatic  or 
married  woman,  the  guardian,  conservator  or  husband  of  the  same  shall 
be  made  party  defendant.  The  petition  may  be  amended  and  parties 
made  defendants  at  any  time  when  it  is  necessary  to  a  fair  trial. 


164  ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS. 

When  the  petition  is  presented  to  the  judge,  he  shall  note  therein 
when  he  will  hear  the  same,  and  order  the  issuance  of  summonses  and 
the  publication  of  notice  to  each  non-resident  or  unknown  defendant. 

The  petition  may  be  heard  by  such  judge  in  vacation  as  well  as  in 
term  time.  Upon  the  trial,  the  jury  shall  ascertain  the  just  compensation 
to  each  owner  of  the  property  sought  to  be  damaged  by  the  construction 
of  such  ditch,  drain  or  levee,  and  truly  report  the  same. 

As  it  is  only  contemplated  in  a  work  of  this  kind  to  give  an  abstract 
of  the  laws,  and  as  the  parties  who  have  in  charge  the  execution  of  the 
further  proceedings  are  likely  to  be  familiar  with  the  requirements  of  the 
statute,  the  necessary  details  are  not  here  inserted. 

WOLF  SCALPS. 

The  County  Board  of  any  county  in  this  State  may  hereafter  alliiW 
such  bounty  on  wolf  scalps  as  the  board  may  deem  reasonable. 

Any  person  claiming  a  bounty  shall  produce  the  scalp  or  scalps  with 
the  ears  thereon,  within  sixty  days  after  the  wolf  or  wolves  shall  have 
been  caught,  to  the  Clerk  of  the  County  Board,  who  shall  administer  to 
said  person  the  following  oath  or  affirmation,  to-wit:  "You  do  solemnly 
swear  (or  affirm,  as  the  case  may  be),  that  the  scalp  or  scalps  here  pro- 
duced b}'  you  was  taken  from  a  wolf  or  wolves  killed  and  first  captured 
by  yourself  within  the  limits  of  this  county,  and  within  the  sixty  days 
last  past." 

CONVEYANCES. 

When  the  reversion  expectant  on  a  lease  of  any  tenements  or  here- 
ditaments of  any  tenure  shall  be  surrendered  or  merged,  the  estate  which 
shall  for  the  time  being  confer  as  against  the  tenant  under  the  same  lease 
the  next  vested  right  to  the  same  tenements  or  hereditaments,  shall,  to 
the  extent  and  for  the  purpose  of  preserving  such  incidents  to  and  obli- 
gations on  the  same  reversion,  as  but  for  the  surrender  or  merger  thereof, 
would  have  subsisted,  be  deemed  the  reversion  expectant  on  the  same 
lease. 

PAUPERS. 

Every  poor  person  who  shall  be  unable  to  earn  a  livelihood  in  conse- 
quence ot  any  bodily  infirmity,  idiocy,  lunacy  or  unavoidable  cause,  shall 
be  supported  by  the  father,  grand-father,  mother,  grand-mother,  children, 
grand-children,  brothers  or  sisters  of  such  poor  person,  if  they  or  either 
of  them  be  of  sufficient  ability ;  but  if  any  of  such  dependent  class  shall 
have  become  so  from  intemperance  or  other  bad  conduct,  they  shall  not  be 
entitled  to  support  from  any  relation  except  parent  or  child. 


ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS.  167 

The  children  shall  first  be  called  on  to  support  their  parents,  if  they 
are  able  ;  but  if  not,  the  parents  of  such  poor  person  shall  then  be  called 
on,  if  of  sufficient  ability  ;  and  if  there  be  no  parents  or  children  able, 
then  the   brothers  and  sisters  of  such  dependent  person  shall  be   called 
upon  ;  and  if  there  be  no  brothers  or  sisters  of  sufficient  ability,  the 
grand-children  of  such  person  shall  next  be  called  on ;  and  if  they  are 
not  able,  then  the  grand-parents.     Married  females,  while  their  husbands 
live,  shall  not  be  liable  to  contribute  for  the  support  of  their  poor  relations 
except  out  of   their  separate  property.     It  is  the   duty   of   the  state's 
(county)  attorney,  to  make  complaint  to  the  County  Court  of  his  county 
against  all  the  relatives  of  such  paupers  in  this  state  liable  to  his  support 
and  prosecute  the  same.   In  case  the  state's  attorney  neglects,  or  refuses,  to 
complain  in  such  cases,  then  it  is  the  duty  of  the  overseer  of  the  poor  to 
do  so.     The  person  called  upon  to  contribute  shall  have  at  least  ten  days' 
notice  of  such  application  by  summons.     The   court  has  the  power  to 
determine  the  kind  of  support,  depending  upon  the  circumstances  of  the 
parties,  and  may  also  order  two  or  more  of  the  different  degrees  to  main- 
tain such  poor  person,  and  prescribe  the  proportion  of  each,  according  to 
their  ability.     The  court  may  specify  the  time  for  which  the  relative  shall 
contribute — in  fact  has  control  over  the  entire  subject  matter,  with  power 
to  enforce  its  orders.     Every  county  (except  those  in  which  the  poor  are 
supported  by  the  towns,  and  in  such  cases  the  towns  are  liable)  is  required 
to  relieve  and  support  all  poor  and  indigent  persons  latvfuUy  resident 
therein.     Residence  means  the  actual  residence  of  the  party,  or  the  place 
where  he  was  employed ;  or  in  case  he  was  in  no   employment,  then  it 
shall  be  the  place  where  he  made  his  home.     When  any  person  becomes 
chargeable  as  a  pauper  in  any  county  or  town  who  did  not  reside  at  the 
commencement  of  six  months  immediately  preceding  his  becoming  so, 
but  did  at  that  time  reside  in  some  other  county  or  town   in   this  state, 
then  the  county  or  town,  as  the  case  may  be,  becomes  liable  for  the  expense 
of  taking  care  of  such  person  until  removed,  and  it  is  the  duty  of  the 
overseer  to  notify  the  proper  authorities  of  the  fact.     If  any  person  shall 
bring  and  leave  any  pauper  in  any  county  in  this  state  where  such  pauper 
had  no  legal  residence,  knowing  him  to  be  such,  he  is  liable  to  a  fine  of 
$100.     In  counties  under  township  organization,  the  supervisors  in  each 
town  are  ex-officio  overseers  of  the  poor.     The  overseers  of  the  poor  act 
under  the  directions  of  the  County  Board  in  taking  care  of  the  poor  and 
granting  of  temporary  relief;  also,  providing  for  non-resident  persons  not 
paupers  who  may  be  taken  sick  and  not  able  to  pay  their  way,  and  in  case 
of  death  cause  such  person  to  be  decently  buried. 

The  residence  of  the  inmates  of  poorhouses  and  other  charitable 
institutions  for  voting  purposes  is  their  former  place  of  abode. 


168  ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS    STATE   LAWS. 

FENCES. 

In  counties  under  township  organization,  the  toivn  assessor  and  com- 
missioner of  highways  are  the  fence-viewers  in  their  respective  towns. 
In  other  counties  the  County  Board  appoints  three  in  each  precinct  annu- 
ally. A  lau'ful  fence  is  four  and  one-half  feet  high,  in  good  repair,  con- 
sisting of  rails,  timber,  boards,  stone,  hedges,  or  whatever  the  fence- 
viewers  of  the  town  or  precinct  where  the  same  shall  lie,  shall  consider 
equivalent  thereto,  but  in  counties  under  township  organization  the  annual 
town  meeting  may  establish  any  other  kind  of  fence  as  such,  or  the  County 
Board  in  other  counties  may  do  the  same.  Division  fences  shall  be  made 
and  maintained  in  just  proportion  by  the  adjoining  owners,  except  when 
the  owner  shall  choose  to  let  his  land  lie  open,  but  after  a  division  fence  is 
built  by  agreement  or  otherwise,  neither  party  can  remove  his  part  of  such 
fence  so  long  as  he  may  crop  or  use  such  land  for  farm  purposes,  or  without 
giving  the  other  part}*  one  year's  notice  in  writing  of  his  intention  to  remove 
his  portion.  When  any  person  shall  enclose  his  land  upon  the  enclosure 
of  another,  he  shall  refund  the  owner  of  the  adjoining  lands  a  just  pro- 
portion of  the  value  at  that  time  of  such  fence.  The  value  of  fence  and 
the  just  proportion  to  be  paid  or  built  and  maintained  by  each  is  to  be 
ascertained  by  two  fence-viewers  in  the  town  or  precinct.  Such  fence- 
viewers  have  power  to  settle  all  disputes  between  different  owners  as  to 
fences  built  or  to  be  built,  as  well  as  to  repairs  to  be  made.  Each  party 
chooses  one  of  the  viewers,  but  if  the  other  party  neglects,  after  eight 
days"  notice  in  writing,  to  make  his  choice,  then  the  other  party  may 
select  both.  It  is  sufficient  to  notify  the  tenant  or  part}'  in  possession, 
when  the  owner  is  not  a  resident  of  the  town  or  precinct.  The  two 
fence-viewers  chosen,  after  viewing  the  premises,  shall  hear  the  state- 
ments of  the  parties ,  in  case  they  can't  agree,  they  shall  select  another 
fence-viewer  to  act  with  them,  and  the  decision  of  any  two  of  them  is 
final.  The  decision  must  be  reduced  to  writing,  and  should  plainly  set 
out  description  of  fence  and  all  matters  settled  by  them,  and  must  be 
filed  in  the  office  of  the  town  clerk  in  counties  under  township  organiza- 
tion, and  in  other  counties  with  the  countv  clerk. 

Where  any  person  is  liable  to  contribute  to  the  erection  or  the 
repairing  of  a  division  fence,  neglects  or  refuses  so  to  do,  the  party 
injured,  after  giving  sixty  days  notice  in  writing  when  a  fence  is  to  be 
erected,  or  ten  days  when  it  is  only  repairs,  may  proceed  to  have  the 
work  done  at  the  expense  of  the  party  whose  duty  it  is  to  do  it,  to  be 
recovered  from  him  with  costs  of  suit,  and  the  party  so  neglecting  shall 
also  be  liable  to  the  party  injured  for  all  damages  accruing  from  such 
neglect  or  refusal,  to  be  determined  bv  anv  two  fence-viewers  selected 
as  before  provided,  the  appraisement  to  be  reduced  to  writing  and  signed. 


CRU6«T0WNSHIP 


ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS    STATE   LAWS.  169 

Where  a  person  shall  conclude  to  remove  his  part  of  a  division  fence, 
and  let  his  land  lie  open,  and  having  given  the  year's  notice  required,  the 
adjoining  owner  may -cause  the  value  of  said  fence  to  be  ascertained  by 
fence-viewers  as  before  provided,  and  on  payment  or  tender  of  the 
amount  of  such  valuation  to  the  owner,  it  shall  prevent  the  removal.  A 
party  removing  a  division  fence  without  notice  is  liable  for  the»damages 
accruing  thereby. 

Where  a  fence  has  been  built  on  the  land  of  another  through  mis- 
take, the  owner  may  enter  upon  such  premises  and  remove  his  fence  and 
material  within  oix  months  after  the  division  line  has  been  ascertained. 
Where  the  material  to  build  such  a  fence  has  been  taken  from  the  land 
on  which  it  was  built,  then  before  it  can  be  removed,  the  person  claiming 
must  first  pay  for  such  material  to  the  owner  of  the  land  from  which  it 
was  taken,  nor  shall  such  a  fence  be  removed  at  a  time  when  the  removal 
will  throw  open  or  expose  the  crops  of  the  other  party ;  a  reasonable 
time  must  be  given  beyond  the  .six  months  to  remove  crops. 

The  compensation  ^i  fence-viewers  is  one  dollar  and  fifty  cents  a 
day  each,  to  be  paid  in  the  first  instance  by  the  party  calling  them,  but 
in  the  end  all  expenses,  including  amount  charged  by  the  fence-viewers, 
must  be  paid  equally  by  the  parties,  except  in  cases  where  a  party  neglects 
or  refuses  to  make  or  maiiktain  a  just  proportion  of  a  division  fence,  when 
the  party  in  default  shall  pay  them. 

DAMAGES  FROM  TRESPASS. 

Where  stock  of  any  kind  breaks  into  any  person's  enclosure,  the 
fence  being  good  and  sufficient,  the  owner  is  liable  for  the  damage  done  ; 
btit  where  the  damage  is  done  by  stock  runyiing  at  large,  contrary  to  law, 
the  owner  is  liable  where  thore  is  not  such  a  fence.  Where  stock  is 
found  trespassing  on  the  enclosure  of  another  as  aforesaid,  the  owner  oi 
occupier  of  the  premises  may  take  possession  of  such  stock  and  keep  the 
same  until  damages,  with  reasonable  charges  for  keeping  and  feeding  and 
all  costs  of  suit,  are  paid.  Any  person  taking  or  rescuing  such  stock  so 
held  without  his  consent,  shall  be  liable  to  a  fine  of  not  less  than  three 
nor  more  than  five  dollars  for  each  animal  rescued,  to  be  recovered  by 
suit  before  a  justice  of  the  peace  for  the  use  of  the  school  fund.  Within 
twenty-four  hours  after  taking  such  animal  into  his  possession,  the  per- 
son taking  it  up  must  give  notice  of  the  fact  to  the  owner,  if  known,  or 
if  unknown,  notices  must  be  posted  in  some  ptiblic  place  near  the  premises. 

LANDLORD  AND  TENANT. 

The  owner  of  lands,  or  his  legal  representatives,  can  sue  for  and 
recover  rent  therefor,  in  any  of  the  following  cases  : 

First.     When  rent  is  due  and  in  arrears  on  a  lease  for  life  or  lives. 


170  ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS   STATE  LAWS, 

Second.  When  lands  are  held  and  occupied  by  any  person  without 
any  special  agreement  for  rent. 

Third.  When  possession  is  obtained  under  an  agreement,  written 
or  verbal,  for  the  purchase  of  the  premises  and  before  deed  given,  the 
right  to  possession  is  terminated  by  forfeiture  on  con-compliance  with  the 
agreement,  and  possession  is  wrongfully  refused  or  neglected  to  be  giver, 
upon  demand  made  in  writing  by  the  party  entitled  thereto.  Provided 
that  all  payments  made  by  the  vendee  or  his  representatives  or  assigns, 
mav  be  set  off  aoainst  the  rent. 

Fourth.  When  land  has  been  sold  upon  a  judgment  or  a  decree  of 
court,  when  the  party  to  such  judgment  or  decree,  or  person  holding  under 
him,  wrongfully  refuses,  or  neglects,  to  surrender  possession  of  the  same, 
after  demand  in  writing  by  the  person  entitled  to  the  possession. 

Fifth.  When  the  lands  have  been  sold  upon  a  mortgage  or  trust 
deed,  and  the  mortgagor  or  grantor  or  person  holding  under  him,  wrong- 
fully refuses  or  neglects  to  surrender  possession  of  the  same,  after  demand 
in  writing  by  the  person  entitled  to  the  possession. 

If  any  tenant,  or  any  person  who  shall  come  into  possession  from  or 
under  or  by  collusion  with  such  tenant,  shall  willfully  hold  over  any  lands, 
etc.,  after  the  expiration  the  term  of  their  lease,  and  after  demand  made 
in  icriting  for  the  possession  thereof,  is  liable  to  pay  double  rent.  A 
tenancy  from  year  to  3^ear  requires  sixty  days  notice  in  writing,  to  termi- 
nate the  same  at  the  end  of  the  3'ear ;  such  notice  can  be  given  at  any 
time  within  four  months  preceding  the  last  sixty  days  of  the  year. 

A  tenancy  by  the  month,  or  less  than  a  year,  where  the  tenant  holds 
over  without  any  special  agreement,  the  landlord  may  terminate  the 
tenancy,  by  thirty  days  notice  in  writing. 

When  rent  is  due,  the  landlord  may  serve  a  notice  upon  the  tenant, 
stating  that  unless  the  rent  is  paid  within  not  less  than  five  days,  his  lease 
will  be  terminated  ;  if  the  rent  is  not  paid,  the  landlord  may  consider  the 
lease  ended.  When  default  is  made  in  any  of  the  terms  of  a  lease,  it 
shall  not  be  necessary  to  give  more  than  ten  days  notice  to  quit  or  of  the 
termination  of  such  tenancy  ;  and  the  same  may  be  terminated  on  giving 
such  notice  to  quit,  at  any  time  after  such  default  in  any  of  the  terms  of 
such  lease  ;  which  notice  may  be  substantially  in  the  following  form,  viz: 

To ,  You  are  hereby  notified  that,  in  consequence  of  your  default 

in  (^here  insert  the  character  of  the  default),  of  the  premises  now  occupied 
by  you,  being  etc.  (here  describe  the  premises),  I  have  elected  to  deter- 
mine your  lease,  and  you  are  hereby  notified  to  quit  and  deliver  up  pos- 
session of  the  same  to  me  within  ten  days  of  this  date  (dated,  etc.) 

The  above  to  be  signed  by  the  lessor  or  his  agent,  and  no  other  notice 
or  demand  of  possession  or  termination  of  such  tenancy  is  necessary. 

Demand  may  be  made,  or  notice  served,  by  delivering  a  written  or 


ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS.  .    171 

pnflted,  or  partly  either,  copy  thereof  to  the  tenant,  or  leaving  the  same 
with  some  person  above  the  age  of  twelve  years  residing  on  or  in  posses- 
sion of  the  premises ;  and  in  case  no  one  is  in  the  actual  possession  of  the 
said  premises,  then  by  posting  the  same  on  the  premises.  When  the 
tenancy  is  for  a  certain  time,  and  the  term  expires  by  the  terms  of  the 
lease,  the  tenant  is  then  bound  to  surrender  possession,  and  no  notice 
to  quit  or  demand  of  possession  is  necessarj^ 

Distress  for  rent. — In  all  cases  of  distress  for  rent,  the  landlord,  by 
himself,  his  agent  or  attorney,  may  seize  for  rent  any  personal  property  of 
his  tenant  that  may  be  found  in  the  county  where  the  tenant  resides ;  the 
property  of  an}^  other  person,  even  if  found  on  the  premises,  is  not 
liable. 

An  inventory  of  the  property  levied  upon,  with  a  statement  of  the 
amount  of  rent  claimed,  should  be  at  once  filed  with  some  justice  of  the 
peace,  if  not  over  $200 ;  and  if  above  that  sum,  with  the  clerk  of  a  court 
of  record  of  competent  jurisdiction.  Property  may  be  released,  by  the 
party  executing  a  satisfactory  bond  for  double  the  amount. 

The  landlord  may  distrain  for  rent,  any  time  within  six  months  after 
the  expiration  of  the  term  of  the  lease,  or  when  terminated. 

In  all  cases  where  the  premises  rented  shall  be  sub-let,  or  the  lease 
assigned,  the  landlord  shall  have  the  same  right  to  enforce  lien  against 
such  lessee  or  assignee,  that  he  has  against  the  tenant  to  whom  the  pre- 
mises were  rented. 

When  a  tenant  abandons  or  removes  from  the  premises  or  any  part 
thereof,  the  landlord,  or  his  agent  or  attorney,  may  seize  upon  any  grain 
or  other  crops  grown  or  growing  upon  the  premises,  or  part  thereof  so 
abandoned,  whether  the  rent  is  due  or  not.  If  such  grain,  or  other  crops, 
or  any  part  thereof,  is  not  fully  grown  or  matured,  the  landlord,  or  his 
agent  or  attorney,  shall  cause  the  same  to  be  properly  cultivated,  harvested 
or  gathered,  and  may  sell  the  same,  and  from  the  proceeds  pay  all  his 
labor,  expenses  and  rent.  The  tenant  may,  before  the  sale  of  such  pro- 
perty, redeem  the  same  by  tendering  the  rent  and  reasonable  compensation 
for  work  done,  or  he  may  replevy  the  same. 

Exemption. — The  same  articles  of  personal  property  which  are  bylaw 
exempt  from  execution,  except  the  crops  as  above  stated,  is  also  exempt 
from  distress  for  rent. 

If  any  tenant  is  about  to  or  shall  permit  or  attempt  to  sell  and 
remove  from  the  premises,  without  the  consent  of  his  landlord,  such 
portion  of  the  crops  raised  thereon  as  will  endanger  the  lien  of  the  land- 
lord upon  such  crops,  for  the  rent,  it  shall  be  lawful  for  the  landlord  to 
distress  before  rent  is  due. 


172  ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS. 

LIENS. 

Any  person  who  shall  by  contract^  express  or  implied,  or  partly  lioth, 
with  the  owner  of  any  lot  or  tract  of  land,  furnish  labor  or  material,  or 
services  as  an  architect  or  superintendent,  in  l)uilding,  altering,  repairing 
or  ornamenting  any  house  or  other  building  or  appurtenance  thereto  on 
such  lot,  or  upon  any  street  or  alley,  and  connected  with  such  improve' 
ments,  shall  have  a  lien  upon  the  whole  of  such  lot  or  tract  of  land,  and 
upon  such  house  or  building  and  appurtenances,  for  the  amount  due  to 
him  for  such  labor,  material  or  services.  If  the  contract  is  expressed,  and 
the  time  for  the  completion  of  the  work  is  beyond  three  years  from  the  com- 
mencement thereof;  or,  if  the  time  of  payment  is  beyond  one  year  from 
the  time  stipulated  for  the  completion  of  the  work,  then  no  lien  exists. 
If  the  contract  is  implied,  then  no  lien  exists,  unless  the  work  be  done  or 
material  is  furnished  within  one  year  from  the  commencement  of  the  work 
or  delivery  of  the  materials.  As  between  different  creditors  having  liens, 
no  preference  is  given  to  the  one  whose  contract  was  first  made  ;  but  each 
shares  pro-rata.  Incumbrances  existing  on  the  lot  or  tract  of  the  land  at 
the  time  the  contract  is  made,  do  not  operate  on  the  improvements,  and 
are  only  preferred  to  the  extent  of  the  value  of  the  land  at  the  time  of 
making  the  contract.  The  above  lien  can  not  be  enforced  unless  suit  is 
commenced  within  six  months  after  the  last  payment  for  labor  or  materials 
shall  have  become  due  and  payable.  Sub-contractors,  mechanics,  workmen 
and  other  persons  furnishing  any  material,  or  performing  any  labor  for  a 
contractor  as  before  specified,  have  a  lien  to  the  extent  of  the  amount  due 
the  contractor  at  the  time  the  following  notice  is  served  upon  the  owner 
of  the  land  who  made  the  contract : 

To ,  You  are  hereby  notified,  that  I  have  been  employed  by 


(here  state  whether  to  labor-  or  furnish  material,  and  substantially  the 
nature  of  the  demand)  upon  your  (here  state  in  general  terms  description 
and  situation  of  building),  and  that  I  shall  hold  the  (building,- or  as  the 
case  may  be),  and  your  interest  in  the  ground,  liable  for  the  amount  that 

ma}^  (is  or  may  become)  due  me  on  account  thereof.     Signature, 

Date, 

If  there  is  a  contract  in  writing  between  contractor  and  sub-x;ontractor, 
a  copy  of  it  should  be  served  with  above  notice,  and  said  notice  must  be 
served  within  forty  days  from  the  completion  of  such  sub-contract,  if  there 
is  one  ;  if  not,  then  from  the  time  payment  should  have  been  made  to  the 
person  performing  the  labor  or  furnishing  the  material.  If  the  owner  is 
not  a  resident  of  the  county,  or  can  not  be  found  therein,  then  the  above 
notice  must  be  filed  with  the  clerk  of  the  Circuit  Court,  with  his  fee,  fifty 
cents,  and  a  copy  of  said  notice  must  be  published  in  a  newspaper  pub- 
lished in  the  county,  for  four  successive  weeks. 


ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS.  173 

When  the  owner  or  agent  is  notified  as  above,  he  can  retain  any 
money  due  the  contractor  sufficient  to  pay  such  claim  ;  if  more  than  one 
claim,  and  not  enough  to  pay  all,  they  are  to  be  paid  pro  rata. 

The  owner  has  the  right  to  demand  in  writing,  a  statement  of  the 
contractor,  of  what  he  owes  for  labor,  etc.,  from  time  to  time  as  the  work 
progresses,  and  on  his  failure  to  comply,  forfeits  to  the  owner  $50  for 
every  offense. 

The  liens  referred  to  cover  any  and  all  estates,  whether  in  fee  for 
life,  for  years,  or  any  other  interest  which  the  owner  may  have. 

To  enforce  the  lien  of  sub-contractors,  suit  must  be  commenced  within 
three  months  from  the  time  of  the  performance  of  the  sub-contract,  or 
during  the  work  or  furnishing  materials. 

Hotel,  inn  and  hoarding-house  keepers,  have  a  lien  upon  the  baggage 
and  other  valuables  of  their  guests  or  boarders,  brought  into  such  hotel, 
inn  or  boarding-house,  by  their  guests  or  boarders,  for  the  proper  charges 
due  from  such  guests  or  boarders  for  their  accommodation,  board  and 
lodgings,  and  such  extras  as  are  furnished  at  their  request. 

Stable-keepers  and  other  persons  have  a  lien  upon  the  horses,  car- 
riages and  harness  kept  by  them,  for  the  proper  charges  due  for  the  keep- 
ing thereof  and  expenses  bestowed  thereon  at  the  request  of  the  owner 
or  the  person  having  the  possession  of  the  same. 

Agisters  (persons  who  take  care  of  cattle  belonging  to  others),  and 
persons  keeping,  yarding,  feeding  or  pasturing  domestic  animals,  shall 
have  a  lien  upon  the  animals  agistered,  kept,  yarded  or  fed,  for  the  proper 
charges  due  for  such  service. 

All  persons  who  may  furnish  any  railroad  corporation  in  this  state 
with  fuel,  ties,  material,  supplies  or  any  other  article  or  thing  necessary 
for  the  construction,  maintenance,  operation  or  repair  of  its  road  by  con- 
tra.ct,  or  may  perform  work  or  labor  on  the  same,  is  entitled  to  be  paid  as 
part  of  the  current  expenses  of  the  road,  and  have  a  lien  upon  all  its  pro- 
perty. Sub-contractors  or  laborers  have  also  a  lien.  The  conditions  and 
limitations  both  as  to  contractors  and  sub-contractors,  are  about  the  same 
as  herein  stated  as  to  general  liens. 

DEFINITION   OF  COMMERCIAL  TERMS. 

$ means  dollars,  being  a' contraction  of  U.  S.,  which  was  formerly 

placed  before  any  denomination  of  money,  and  meant,  as  it  means  now, 
United  States  Currency. 

£ means  pounds,  English  money. 

@  stands  for  at  or  to.  Ih  ioT pound,  and  bbl.  for  barrel;  "^  iov per  or 
hy  the.     Thus,  Butter  sells  at  20@30c  f  lb,  and  Flour  at  |8@12  f  bbl. 

fo  for  per  cent  and  #  for  number. 

May  1. — Wheat  sells  at  $1.20@1.25,  "seller  June."      Seller  Jane 


i;4  ABSTRACT   OF    ILLINOIS    STATE   LAWS. 

means  that  the  person  who  sells  the  wheat  has  the  privilege  of  delivering 
it  at  any  time  during  the  month  of  June. 

Selling  shorty  is  contracting  to  deliver  a  certain  amount  of  grain  or 
stock,  at  a  fixed  price,  within  a  certain  length  of  time,  when  the  seller 
has  not  the  stock  on  hand.  It  is  for  the  interest  of  the  person  selling 
''short,"  to  depress  the  market  as  much  as  possible,  in  order  that  he  may 
buy  and  fill  his  contract  at  a  profit.  Hence  the  "  shorts  "  are  termed 
"  bears." 

Buying  long^  is  to  contract  to  purchase  a  certain  amount  of  grain  or 
shares  of  stock  at  a  fixed  price,  deliverable  within  a  stipulated  time, 
expecting  to  make  a  profit  by  the  rise  of  prices.  The  "longs"  are 
termed  '•  bulls,"  as  it  is  for  their  interest  to  "  operate  "  so  as  to  "  toss  " 
the  prices  upward  as  much  as  possible. 

NOTES. 

Form  of  note  is  legal,  worded  in  the  simplest  way,  so  that  the 
amount  and  time  of  payment  are  mentioned. 

$100.  Chicago,  111.,  Sept.  15,  1876. 

Sixty  days  from  date  I  promise  to  pay  to  E.  F.  Brown, 
or  order,  One  Hundred  dollars,  for  value  received. 

L.  D.  LowRY. 

A  note  to  be  payable  in  any  thing  else  than  money  needs  only  the 

facts  substituted  for  money  in  the  above  form. 

ORDERS. 

Orders  should  be  worded  simply,  thus : 

Mr.  F.  H.  Coats:  Chicago,  Sept.  15,  1876. 

Please  pay  to  H.  Birdsall,  Twenty-five  dollars,  and  charge  to 

F.    D.    SiLVA. 

RECEIPTS. 

Receipts  should  always  state  when  received  and  what  for,  thus : 

$100.  Chicago,  Sept.  15,  1876. 

Received  of  J.  W.  Davis,  One  Hundred  dollars,  for  services 
rendered  in  grading  his  lot  in  Fort  Madison,  on  account. 

Thomas   Brady. 

If  receipt  is  in  full  it  should  be  so  stated. 

BILLS   OF   PURCHASE. 

W.  N.  Mason,  Salem,  Illinois,  Sept.  15,  1876. 

Bought  of  A.  A.  Graham. 
4  Bushels  of  Seed  Wheati  at  81.50       ...  -         $6.00 

2  Seamless  Sacks  "        .30  -  -  .60 


Received  payment.  $6.60 

A.  A.  Graham. 


ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS    STATE   LAWS.  176 

ARTICLES  OF  AGREEMENT. 

An  agreement  is  where  one  party  promises  to  another  to  do  a  certain 
thing  in  a  certain  time  for  a  stipulated  sum.  Good  business  men  always 
reduce  an  agreement  to  writing,  which  nearly  always  saves  misunder- 
standings and  trouble.  No  particular  form  is  necessary,  but  the  facts  must 
be  clearly  and  explicitly  stated,  and  there  must,  to  make  it  valid,  be  a 
reasonable  consideration. 

GENERAL  FORM  OF  AGREEMENT. 

This  Agreement,  made  the  Second  day  of  October,  1876,  between 
John  Jones,  of  Aurora,  County  of  Kane,  State  of  Illinois,  of  the  first  part, 
and  Thomas  Whiteside,  of  the  same  place,  of  the  second  part  — 

WITNESSETH,  that  the  said  John  Jones,  in  consideration  of  the  agree- 
ment of  the  party  of  the  second  part,  hereinafter  contained,  contracts  and 
agrees  to  and  with  the  said  Thomas  Whiteside,  that  he  will  deliver,  in 
good  and  marketable  condition,  at  the  Village  of  Batavia,  111.,  during  the 
month  of  November,  of  this  year,  One  Hundred  Tons  of  Prairie  Hay,  in 
the  following  lots,  and  at  the  following  specified  times ;  namely,  twenty- 
five  tons  by  the  seventh  of  November,  twenty-five  tons  additional  by  the 
fourteenth  of  the  month,  twenty-five  tons  more  by  the  twenty -first,  and 
the  entire  one  hundred  tons  to  be  all  delivered  by  the  thirtieth  of 
November. 

And  the  said  Thomas  Whiteside,  in  consideration  of  the  prompt 
fulfillment  of  this  contract,  on  the. part  of  the  party  of  the  first  part, 
contracts  to  and  agrees  with  the  said  John  Jones,  to  pay  for  said  hay  five 
dollars  per  ton,  for  each  ton  as  soon  as  delivered. 

In  case  of  failure  of  agreement  by  either  of  the  parties  hereto,  it  is 
hereby  stipulated  and  agreed  that  the  party  so  failing  shall  pay  to  the 
other.  One  Hundred  Dollars,  as  fixed  and  settled  damages. 

In  witness  whereof,  we  have  hereunto  set  our  hands  the  da}^  and 
year  first  above  written.  John  Jones, 

Thomas  Whiteside. 

AGREEMENT  WITH  CLERK  FOR  SERVICES. 

This  Agreement,  made  the  first  day  of  May,  one  thousand  eight 
hundred  and  seventy-six,  between  Reuben  Stone,  of  Chicago,  County 
of  Cook,  State  of  Illinois,  party  of  the  first  part,  and  George  Barclay,  of 
Englewood,  County  of  Cook,  State  of  Illinois,  party  of  the  second  part  — 

WITNESSETH,  that  Said  George  Barclay  agrees  faithfully  and  dili- 
gently to  work  as  clerk  and  salesman  for  the  said  Reuben  Stone,  for 
and  during  the  space  of  one  year  from  the  date  hereof,  should  both 
live  such  length  of  time,  without  absenting  himself  from  his  occupation ; 


176  ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS. 

during-  which  time  he,  the  said  Barchiy,  in  the  store  of  said  Stone,  of 
Chicago,  will  carefully  and  honestly  attend,  doing  and  performing  all 
duties  as  clerk  and  salesman  aforesaid,  in  accordance  and  in  all  respects 
as  directed  and  desired  by  the  said  Stone. 

In  consideration  of  which  services,  so  to  be  rendered  by  the  said 
Barclay,  the  said  Stone  agrees  to  pay  to  said  Barclay  the  annual  sum  of 
one  thousand  dollars,  payable  in  twelve  equal  monthly  payments,  each 
upon  the  last  day  of  each  month  ;  provided  that  all  dues  for  days  of 
absence  from  business  b}-  said  Barclay,  shall  be  deducted  from  the  sum 
otherwise  by  the  agreement  due  and  payable  by  the  said  Stone  to  the  said 
Barclay. 

Witness  our  hands.  Reuben  Stone. 

George  Barclay. 

BILLS   OF  SALE. 

A  bill  of  sale  is  a  written  agreement  to  another  party,  for  a  consider- 
ation to  convey  his  right  and  interest  in  the  personal  property.  The 
purchaser  must  take  actual  possession  of  the  property.  Juries  have' 
power  to  determine  upon  the  fairness  or  unfairness  of  a  bill  of  sale. 

COMMON  FORM  OF  BILL  OF  SALE. 

Know  all  Men  by  this  instrument,  that  I,  Louis  Clay,  of  Princeton, 
Illinois,  of  the  first  part,  for  and  in  consideration  of  Five  Hundred 
and  Ten  dollars,  to  me  paid  by  John  Floyd,  of  the  same  place,  of  the 
second  part,  the  receipt  whereof  is  hereby  acknowledged,  have  sold,  and 
by  this  instrument  do  convey  unto  the  said  Floyd,  party  of  the  second 
part,  his  executors,  administrators,  and  assigns,  my  undivided  half  of 
.ten  acres  of  corn,  now  growing  on  the  farm  of  Thomas  Tyrrell,  in  the 
town  above  mentioned  ;  one  pair  of  horses,  sixteen  sheep,  and  five  cows, 
belonging  to  me,  and  in  my  possession  at  the  farm  aforesaid ;  to  have  and 
to  hold  the  same  unto  the  party  of  the  second  part,  his  executors  and 
assigns,  forever.  And  I  do,  for  myself  and  legal  representatives,  agree 
with  the  said  party  of  the  second  part,  and  his  legal  representatives,  to 
warrant  and  defend  the  sale  of  the  afore-mentioned  property  and  chattels 
unto  the  said  party  of  the  second  part,  and  his  legal  representatives, 
against  all  and  every  person  whatsoever. 

In  witness  whereof,  I  have  hereunto  affixed  my  hand,  this  tenth  day 
of  October,  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  seventy-six. 

Louis  Clay. 

BONDS. 

A  bond  is  a  written  admission  on  the  part  of  the  maker  in  which  h« 
pledges  a  certain  sum  to  another,  at  a  certain  time. 


ABSTRACT    OF   ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS.  177 

COMMON  FORM  OF  BOND. 

Know  all  Men  by  this  instrument,  that  I,  George  Edgerton,  of 
Watseka,  IrocLUois  Count}',  State  of  Illinois,  am  firmly  bound  unto  Peter 
Kirchoff,  of  the  place  aforesaid,  in  the  sum  of  five  hundred  dollars,  to  be 
paid  to  the  said  Peter  Kirchoff,  or  his  legal  representatives ;  to  which 
payment,  to  be  made,  I  bind  myself,  or  my  legal  representatives,  by  this 
instrument. 

Sealed  with  my  seal,  and  dated  this  second  day  of  November,  one 
thousand  eight  hundred  and  sixtv-four. 

The  condition  of  this  bond  is  such  that  if  I,  George  Edgerton,  m}' 
heirs,  administrators,  or  executors,  shall  promptly  pay  the  sum  of  two 
hundred  and  fifty  dollars  in  three  equal  annual  payments  from  the  date 
hereof,  with  annual  interest,  then  the  above  obligation  to  be  of  no  effect; 
otherwise  to  be  in  full  force  and  valid. 
Scfiled  and  delivered  in 

presence  of  George  Edgerton.     [l.s.] 

William  Turner. 

CHATTEL   MORTGAGES. 

A  chattel  mortgage  is  a  mortgage  on  personal  property  for  paj^ment 
of  a  certain  sum  of  money,  to  hold  the  property  against  debts  of  other 
creditors.  The  mortgage  must  describe  the  property,  and  must  be 
acknowledged  before  a  justice  of  the  peace  in  the  township  or  precinct 
where  the  mortgagee  resides,  and  entered  upon  his  docket,  and  must  be 
recorded  in  the  recorder's  office  of  the  county. 

GENERAL  FORM  OF  CHATTEL  MORTGAGE. 

This  Indenture,  made  and  entered  into  this  first  day  of  January, 
in  the  year  of  our  Lord  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  seventy-five, 
between  Theodore  Lottinville,  of  the  town  of  Geneseo  in  the  County 
of  Henry,  and  State  of  Illinois,  party  of  the  first  part,  and  Paul  Henshaw, 
of  the  same  town,  county,  and  State,  party  of  the  second  part. 
^  Witnesseth,  that  the  said  party  of  the  first  part,  for  and  in  consider- 
ation of  the  sum  of  one  thousand  dollars,  in  hand  paid,  the  receipt  whereof 
is  hereby  acknowledged,  does  hereby  grant,  sell,  convey,  and  confirm  unto 
the  said  party  of  the  second  part,  his  heirs  and  assigns  forever,  all  and 
singular  the  followino-  descriljed  goods  and  chattels,  to  wit: 

Two  three-year  old  roan-colored  horses,  one  Burdett  organ.  No.  987, 
one  Brussels  carpet,  15x20  feet  in  size,  one  marble-top  center  table,  one 
Home  Comfort  cooking  stove.  No.  8,  one  black  walnut  bureau  with  mirror 
attached,  one  set  of  parlor  chairs  (six  in  number),  upholstered  in  green 
rep,  with  lounge  corresponding  with  same  in  style  and  color  of  upholstery, 
now  in  possession  of  said  Lottinville,  at  No.  4  Prairie  Ave.,  Geneseo,  111. ; 


178  ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS. 

Together  with  all  and  singular,  the  appurtenances  thereunto  "belong- 
ing,  or  in  any  wise  appertaining ;  to  have  and  to  hold  the  above  described 
goods  and  chattels,  unto  the  said  party  of  the  second  part,  his  heirs  and 
assigns,  forever. 

Provided,  always,  and  these  presents  are  upon  this  express  condition, 
that  if  the  said  Theodore  Lottinville,  his  heirs,  executors,  administrators, 
or  assigns,  shall,  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  January,  A.D.,  one  thousand 
eight  hundred  and  seventy-six,  pay,  or  cause  to  be  paid,  to  the  said  Paul 
Ranslow,  or  his  lawful  attorney  or  attorneys,  heirs,  executors,  adminis- 
trators, or  assigns,  the  sum  of  One  Thousand  dollars,  together  with  the 
interest  that  ma}'  accrue  thereon,  at  the  rate  of  ten  per  cent,  per  annum, 
from  the  first  day  of  January,  A.D.  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and 
seventj^-five,  until  paid,  according  to  the  tenor  of  one  promissory  note 
bearing  even  date  herewith  for  the  payment  of  said  sum  of  money,  that 
then  and  from  thenceforth,  these  presents,  and  everything  herein  con- 
tained, shall  cease,  and  be  null  and  void,  anything  herein  contained  to  the 
contrary  notwithstanding. 

Provided,  also,  that  the  said  Theodore  Lottinville  may  retain  the 
possession  of  and  have  the  use  of  said  goods  and  chattels  until  the  day 
of  payment  aforesaid  ;  and  also,  at  his  own  expense,  shall  keep  said  goods 
and  chattels;  and  also  at  the  expiration  of  said  time  of  payment,  if  said 
sum  of  money,  together  with  the  interest  as  aforesaid,  shall  not  be  paid, 
shall  deliver  up  said  goods  and  chattels,  in  good  condition,  to  said  Paul 
Ranslow,  or  his  heirs,  executors,  administrators,  or  assigns. 

And  provided,  also,  that  if  default  in  paj'ment  as  aforesaid,  by  said 
party  of  the  first  part,  shall  be  made,  or  if  said  party  of  the  second  part 
shall  at  any  time  before  said  promissory  note  becomes  due,  feel  himself 
unsafe  or  insecure,  that  then  the  said  party  of  the  second  part,  or  his 
attorney,  agent,  assigns,  or  heirs,  executors,  or  administrators,  shall  have 
the  right  to  take  possession  of  said  goods  and  chattels,  wherever  they 
may  or  can  be  found,  and  sell  the  same  at  public  or  private  sale,  to  the 
highest  bidder  for  cash  in  hand,  after  oiving  ten  davs'  notice  of  the  time 
and  place  of  said  sale,  together  with  a  description  of  the  goods  and  chat- 
tels to  be  sold,  by  at  least  four  advertisements,  posted  up  in  ptiblic  places 
in  the  vicinity  where  said  sale  is  to  take  place,  and  proceed  to  make  the 
sum  of  money  and  interest  promised  as  aforesaid,  together  with  all  reason- 
able costs,  charges,  and  expenses  in  so  doing  ;  and  if  there  shall  be  any 
overplus,  shall  pay  the  same  without  delay  to  the  said  party  of  the  first 
part,  or  his  legal  representatives. 

In  testimony  whereof,  the  said  party  of  the  first  part  has  hereunto 
set  his  hand  and  affixed  his  seal,  the  day  and  year  first  above  written. 
Signed,  sealed  and  delivered  in 

presence  of  Theodore  Lottinville.     [l.s.] 

Samuel  J.  Tilden. 


ABSTRACT   OF  ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS.  179 


LEASE  OF  FARM  AND   BUILDINGS  THEREON. 

This  Indenture,  made  this  second  day  of  June,  1875,  between  David 
Patton  of  the  Town  of  Bisbee,  State  of  Illinois,  of  the  first  part,  and  John 
Doyle  of  the  same  place,  of  the  second  part, 

Witnesseth,  that  the  said  David  Patton,  for  and  in  consideration  of 
the  covenants  hereinafter  mentioned  and  reserved,  on  the  part  of  the  said 
John  Doyle,  his  executors,  administrators,  and  assigns,  to  be  paid,  kept, 
and  performed,  hath  let,  and  by  these  presents  doth  grant,  demise,  and 
let,  unto  the  said  John  Doyle,  his  executors,  administrators,  and  assigns, 
all  that  parcel  of  land  situate  in  Bisbee  aforesaid,  bounded  and  described 
as  follows,  to  wit : 

\_nere  describe  the  land.~\ 

Together  with  all  the  appurtenances  appertaining  thereto.  To  have 
and  to  hold  the  said  premises,  with  appurtenances  thereto  belonging,  unto 
the  said  Doyle,  his  executors,  administrators,  and  assigns,  for  the  term  of 
five  years,  from  the  first  day  of  October  next  following,  at  a  yearly  rent 
of  Six  Hundred  dollars,  to  be  paid  in  equal  payments,  semi-annually,  as 
lonsr  as  said  buildinQ^s  are  in  oood  tenantable  condition. 

.And  the  said  Doyle,  by  these  presents,  covenants  and  agrees  to  pay 
all  taxes  and  assessments,,  and  keep  in  repair  all  hedges,  ditches,  rail,  and 
other  fences ;  (the  said  David  Patton,  his  heirs,  assigns  and  administra- 
tors, to  furnish  all  timber,  brick,  tile,  and  other  materials  necessary  for 
such  repairs.) 

Said  Doyle  further  covenants  and  agrees  to  apply  to  said  land,  in  a 
farmer-like  manner,  all  manure  and  compost  accumulating  upon  said 
farm,  and  cultivate  all  the  arable  land  in  a  husbandlike  manner,  accord- 
ing to  the  usual  custom  among  farmers  in  the  neighborhood ;  he  also 
agrees  to  trim  the  hedges  at  a  seasonable  time,  preventing  injury  from 
cattle  to  such  hedges,  and  to  all  fruit  and  other  trees  on  the  said  premises. 
That  he  will  seed  down  with  clover  and  timothy  seed  twenty  acres  yearly 
of  arable  land,  ploughing  the  same  number  of  acres  each  Spring  of  land 
now  in  grass,  and  hitherto  unbroken. 

It  is  further  agreed,  that  if  the  said  Doyle  shall  fail  to  perform  the 
whole  or  any  one  of  the  above  mentioned  covenants,  then  and  in  that 
case  the  said  David  Patton  may  declare  this  lease  terminated,  by  giving 
three  months'  notice  of  the  same,  prior  to  the  first  of  October  of  any 
year,  and  may  distrain  any  part  of  the  stock,  goods,  or  chattels,  or  other 
property  in  possession  of  said  Doyle,  for  sufficient  to  compensate  for  the 
non-performance  of  the  above  written  covenants,  the  same  to  be  deter- 
mined, and  amounts  so  to  be  paid  to  be  determined,  by  three  arbitrators^ 
chosen  as  follows :  Each  of  the  parties  to  this  instrument  to  choose  one, 


180  ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS. 

and  the  two  so  chosen  to  select  a  third  ;    the  decision  of  said  arbitrators 
to  be  tinal. 

In  witness  whereof,  we  have  hereto  set  our  hands  and  seals. 
Signed,  sealed,  and  delivered 

in  presence  of  David  Patton.     [l.s.] 

James  Waldron.  John  Doyle.         [l.s.] 

FORM  OF  LEASE  OF  A  HOUSE. 

This  Instrument,  made  the  first  day  of  October,  1875,  witnesseth 
that  Amos  Griest  of  Yorkville,  County  of  Kendall,  State  of  Illinois,  hath 
rented  from  Aaron  Young  of  Logansport  aforesaid,  the  dwelling  and  lot 
No.  13  Ohio  Street,  situated  in  said  City  of  Yorkville,  for  five  years 
from  the  above  date,  at  the  yearly  rental  of  Three  Hundred  dollars,  pay- 
able monthly,  on  the  first  day  of  each  month,  in  advance,  at  the  residence 
of  said  Aaron  Young. 

At  the  expiration  of  said  above  mentioned  term,  the  said  Griest 
agrees  to  give  the  said  Young  peaceable  possession  of  the  said  dwelling, 
in  as  good  condition  as  when  taken,  ordinary  wear  and  casualties  excepted. 

In  witness  whereof,  we  place  our  hands  and  seals  the  day  and  year 
aforesaid. 

Signed,  sealed  and  delivered  Amos  Griest.     [l.s.] 

in  presence  of 

Nickolas  Schutz,  Aaron  Young,   [l.s.] 

Notary  Public. 

LANDLORD'S  AGREEMENT. 

This  certifies  that  I  have  let  and  rented,  this  first  day  of  January, 
1876,  unto  Jacob  Schmidt,  my  house  and  lot,  No.  15  Erie  Street,  in  the 
City  of  Chicago,  State  of  Illinois,  and  its  appurtenances  ;  he  to  have  the 
free  and  uninterrupted  occupation  thereof  for  one  year  from  this  date,  at 
the  yearly  rental  of  Two  Hundred  dollars,  to  be  paid  monthly  in  advance  ; 
rent  to  cease  if  destroyed  by  fire,  or  otherwise  made  untenantable. 

Peter  Funk. 
TENANT'S  AGREEMENT. 

This  certifies  that  I  have  hired  and  taken  from  Peter  Funk,  his 
house  and  lot.  No.  15  Erie  Street,  in  the  City  of  Chicago,  State  of  Illi- 
nois, with  appurtenances  thereto  belonging,  for  one  year,  to  commence 
this  day,  at  a  yearly  rental  of  Two  Hundred  dollars,  to  be  paid  monthly 
in  advance  ;  unless  said  house  becomes  untenantable  from  fire  or  other 
causes,  in  which  case  rent  ceases  ;  and  I  further  agree  to  give  and  ^-ield 
said  premises  one  year  from  this  first  day  of  January  1876,  in  as  good 
condition  as  now,  ordinary  wear  and  damage  by  the  elements  excepted. 

Given  under  my  hand  this  day.  Jacob  Schmidt. 


•    ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS    STATE   LAWS.  181 

NOTICE  TO  QUIT. 

To  F.  W.  Arlen, 

Sir :  Please  observe  that  the  term  of  one  year,  for  which  the  house 
and  land,  situated  at  No,  6  Indiana  Street,  and  now  occupied  by  you, 
were  rented  to  you,  expired  on  the  first  day  of  October,  1875,  and  as  I 
desire  to  repossess  said  premises,  you  are  hereby  requested  and  required 
to  vacate  the  same.  Respectfully  Yours, 

P.  T.  Barnum. 

Lincoln,  ISeb.,  October  4,  1875. 

TENANT'S  NOTICE  OF  LEAVING. 

Dear  Sir: 

The  premises  I  now  occupy  as  your  tenant,  at  No.  6  Indiana  Street, 
I  shall  vacate  on  the  first  day  of  November,  1875.  You  will  please  take 
notice  accordingly. 

Dated  this  tenth  day  of  October,  1875.  F.  W.  Arlen. 

To  P,  T.  Barnum,  Esq. 

REAL  ESTATE  MORTGAGE  TO  SECURE  PAYMENT  OF  MONEY. 

This  Indenture,  made  this  sixteenth  day  of  May,  in  the  year  of 
our  Lord,  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  seventy-two,  between  William 
Stocker,  of  Peoria,  County  of  Peoria,  and  State  of  Illinois,  and  011a,  his 
wife,  party  of  the  first  part,  and  Edward  Singer,  party  of  the  second  part. 

Whereas,  the  said  party  of  the  first  part  is  justly  indebted  to  the  said 
party  of  the  second  part,  in  the  sum  of  Two  Thousand  dollars,  secured 
to  be  paid  by  two  certain  promissory  notes  (bearing  even  date  herewith) 
the  one  due  and  payable  at  the  Second  National  Bank  in  Peoria,  Illinois, 
with  interest,  on  the  sixteenth  day  of  May,  in  the  year  one  thousand  eight 
hundred  and  seventy-three  ;  the  other  due  and  payable  at  the  Second 
National  Bank  at  Peoria,  111.,  with  interest,  on  the  sixteenth  day  of  May, 
in  the  year  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  seventy-four. 

Now,  therefore,  this  indenture  witnesseth,  that  the  said  party  of  the 
first  part,  for  the  better  securing  the  payment  of  the  money  aforesaid, 
with  interest  thereon,  according  to  the  tenor  and  effect  of  the  said  two 
promissory  notes  above  mentioned ;  and,  also  in  consideration  of  the  fur- 
ther sum  of  one  dollar  to  them  in  hand  paid  by  the  said  party  of  the  sec- 
ond part,  at  the  delivery  of  these  presents,  the  receipt  whereof  is  hereby 
acknowledged,  have  granted,  bargained,  sold,  and  conveyed,  and  by  these 
presents  do  grant,  bargain,  sell,  and  convey,  unto  the  said  party  of  the 
second  part,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  forever,  all  that  certain  parcel  of  land, 
situate,  etc. 

\^Descrihing  the  premises.^ 

To  have  and  to  hold  the  same,  together  with  all  and  singular  the 
Tenements,    Hereditaments,    Privileges    and    Appurtenances    thereunto 


182  ABSTRACT   OF    ILLINOIS    STATE    LAWS. 

belonoing  or  in  any  wise  appertaining.  And  also,  all  the  estate,  interest, 
anil  claim  whatsoever,  in  law  as  well  as  in  equity  which  the  party  of 
the  first  part  have  in  and  to  the  premises  hereby  conveyed  unto  the  said 
party  of  the  second  part,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  and  to  their  only  proper 
use,  benefit  and  behoof.  And  the  said  William  Stocker,  and  011a,  hip 
wife,  party  of  the  first  part,  hereby  expressly  waive,  relinquish,  release, 
and  convey  unto  the  said  party  of  the  second  part,  his  heirs,  executors, 
administrators,  and  assigns,  all  right,  title,  claim,  interest,  and  benefit 
whatever,  in  and  to  the  above  described  premises,  and  each  and  every 
part  thereof,  which  is  given  by  or  results  from  all  laws  of  this  state  per- 
taining to  the  exemption  of  homesteads. 

Provided  always,  and  these  presents  are  upon  this  express  condition, 
that  if  the  said  party  of  the  first  part,  their  heirs,  executors,  or  adminis- 
trators, shall  well  and  truly  pay,  or  cause  to  be  paid,  to  the  said  part}^  of 
the  second  part,  his  heirs,  executors,  administrators,  or  assigns,  the  afore- 
said sums  of  money,  with  such  interest  thereon,  at  the  time  and  in  the 
manner  specified  in  the  above  mentioned  promissory  notes,  according  to 
the  true  intent  and  meaning  thereof,  then  in  that  case,  these  presents  and 
every  thing  herein  expressed,  shall  be  absolutely  null  and  void. 

Iji  witness  whereof,  the  said  party  of  the  first  part  hereunto  set  their 
hands  and  seals  the  day  and  year  first  above  written. 
Signed,  sealed  and  delivered  in  presence  of 

James  Whitehead,  William  Stocker.     [l.s.] 

Fred.  Samuels.  Olla  Stocker.  [l.s.] 

WARRANTY  DEED  WITH  COVENANTS. 

This  Indenture,  made  this  sixth  day  of  April,  in  the  year  of  our 
Lord  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  seventy-two,  between  Henry  Best 
of  Lawrence,  County  of  Lawrence,  State  of  Illinois,  and  Belle,  his  wife, 
of  the  first  part,  and  Charles  Pearson  of  the  same  place,  of  the  second  part, 

Witnesseth,  that  the  said  party  of  the  first  part,  for  and  in  consideration 
of  the  sura  of  Six  Thousand  dollars  in  hand  paid  by  the  said  party  of  the 
second  part,  the  receipt  whereof  is  hereby  acknowledged,  have  granted, 
bargained,  and  sold,  and  by  these  presents  do  grant,  bargain,  and  sell, 
unto  the  said  party  of  the  second  part,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  all  the  fol- 
lowing described  lot,  piece,  or  parcel  of  land,  situated  in  the  City  of  Law- 
rence, in  the  County  of  Lawrence,  and  State  of  Illinois,  to  wit : 

\_Ht're   describe  the  property.'] 

Together  with  all  and  singular  the  hereditaments  and  appurtenances 
thereunto  belonging  or  in  any  wise  appertaining,  and  the  reversion  and 
reversions,  remainder  and  remainders,  rents,  issues,  and  profits  thereof; 
and  all  the  estate,  rignt,  title,  interest,  claim,  and  demand  whatsoever,  of 
the  said  party  of  the  nrst  part,  either  in  law  or  equity,  of,  in,  and  to  the 


ABSTRACT    OF    ILLINOIS    STATE    LAWS.  185 

above  bargained  premises,  with  the  hereditaments  and  appurtenances. 
To  have  and  to  hold  the  said  premises  above  bargained  and  described, 
with  the  appurtenances,  unto  the  said  party  of  the  second  part,  his  heirs 
and  assigns,  forever.  And  the  said  Henry  Best,  and  Belle,  his  wife,  par- 
ties of  the  first  part,  hereby  expressly  waive,  release,  and  relinquish  unto 
the  said  party  of  the  second  part,  his  heirs,  executors,  administrators,  and 
assigns,  all  right,  title,  claim,  interest,  and  benefit  whatever,  in  and  to  the 
above  described  premises,  and  each  and  every  part  thereof,  which  is  given 
by  or  results  from  all  laws  of  this  state  pertaining  to  the  exemption  of 
homesteads. 

And  the  said  Henry  Best,  and  Belle,  his  wife,  party  of  the  first 
part,  for  themselves  and  their  heirs,  executors,  and  administrators,  do 
covenant,  grant,  bargain,  and  agree,  to  and  Avith  the  said  party  of  the 
second  part,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  that  at  the  time  of  the  ensealing  and 
delivery  of  these  presents  they  were  well  seized  of  the  premises  above 
conveyed,  as  of  a  good,  sure,  perfect,  absolute,  and  indefeasible  estate  of 
inheritance  in  law,  and  in  fee  simple,  and  have  good  right,  full  power, 
and  lawful  authority  to  grant,  bargain,  sell,  and  convey  the  same,  in 
manner  and  form  aforesaid,  and  that  the  same  are  free  and  clear  from  all 
former  and  other  grants,  bargains,  sales,  liens,  taxes,  assessments,  and 
encumbrances  of  what  kind  or  nature  soever  ;  and  the  above  bargained 
premises  in  the  quiet  and  peaceable  possession  of  the  said  party  of  the 
second  part,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  against  all  and  every  person  or  persons 
lawfully  claiming  or  to  claim  the  whole  or  any  part  thereof,  the  said  party 
of  the  first  part  shall  and  will  warrant  and  forever  defend. 

In  testimony  whereof,  the  said  parties  of  the  first  part  have  hereunto 
set  their  hands  and  seals  the  day  and  year  first  above  written. 
Signed,  sealed  and  delivered 

in  presence  of  Henry  Best,     [l.s.] 

Jerry  Linklater.  Belle  Best.      [l.s.] 

-     QUIT-CLAIM  DEED. 

This  Indenture,  made  the  eighth  day  of  June,  in  the  year  of  our 
Lord  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  seventy-four,  between  David  Tour, 
of  Piano,  County  of  Kendall,  State  of  Illinois,  party  of  the  first  part, 
and  Larry  O'Brien,  of  the  same  place,  party  of  the  second  part, 

Witnesseth,  that  the  said  party  of  the  first  part,  for  and  in  considera- 
tion of  Nine  Hundred  dollars  in  hand  paid  by  the  said  party  of  the  sec- 
ond part,  the  receipt  whereof  is  hereby  acknowledged,  and  the  said  party 
of  the  second  part  forever  released  and  discharged  therefrom,  has  remised, 
released,  sold,  conveyed,  and  quit-claimed,  and  by  these  presents  does 
remise,  release,  sell,  convey,  and  quit-claim,  unto  the  said  party  of  the 
second  part,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  forever,  all  the   right,  title,  interest, 


180  ABSTRACT  OF  ILLINOIS   STATE  LAWS. 

claim,  and  demand,  which  the  said  party  of  the  first  part  has  in  and  to 
tlie  following  described  lot,  piece,  or  parcel  of  land,  to  wit : 

\^Here  describe  the  land.~\ 

To  have  and  to  hold  the  same,  together  Avith  all  and  singular  the 
appurtenances  and  privileges  thereunto  belonging,  or  in  any  wise  there- 
unto appertaining,  and  all  the  estate,  right,  title,  interest,  and  claim 
whatever,  of  the  said  party  of  the  first  part,  either  in  law  or  equity,  to 
the  only  proper  use,  benefit,  and  behoof  of  the  said  party  of  the  second 
part,  his  heirs  and  assigns  forever. 

In  witness  whereof  the  said  party  of  the  first  part  hereunto  set  his 
hand  and  seal  the  day  and  year  above  written. 

Signed,  sealed  and  delivered  David  Tour,     [l.s.]^ 

in  presence  of 
Thomas  Ashley. 

The  above  forms  of  Deeds  and  Mortgage  are  such  as  have  heretofore 
been  generally  used,  but  the  following  are  much  shorter,  and  are  made 
equally  valid  by  the  laws  of  this  state. 

WARRANTY  DEED. 

The  grantor  (here  insert  name  or  names  and  place  of  residence),  for 
and  in  consideration  of  (here  insert  consideration)  in  hand  paid,  ijonveys 
and  Avarrants  to  (here  insert  the  grantee's  name  or  names)  the  following 
described  real  estate  (here  insert  description),  situated  in  the  County  of 
in  the  State  of  Illinois. 

Dated  this day  of  A.  D.  18 . 

QUIT  CLAIM  DEED. 

The  grantor  (here  insert  grantor's  name  or  names  and  place  of  resi- 
dence), for  the  consideration  of  (here  insert  consideration)  convey  and 
quit-claim  to  (here  insert  grantee's  name  or  names)  all  interest  in  the 
following  described  real  estate  (here  insert  description),  situated  in  the 
County  of  in  the  State  of  Illinois. 

Dated  this day  of  A.  D.  18 . 

MORTGAGE. 

The  mortgagor  (here  insert  name  or  names)  mortgages  and  warrants 
to  (here  insert  name  or  names  of  mortgagee  or  mortgagees),  to  secure  the 
payment  of  (here  recite  the  nature  and  amount  of  indebtedness,  showing 
when  due  and  tlie  rate  of  interest,  and  whether  secured  by  note  or  other- 
wise), the  following  described  real  estate  (here  insert  description  thereof), 
situated  in  the  County  of  in  the  State  of  Illinois. 

Dated  this day  of  A.  D.  18 . 

RELEASE. 

Know  all  Men  by  these  presents,  that  I,  Peter  Ahlund,  of  Chicago, 
of  the  County  of  Cook,  and  State  of  Illinois,  for  and  in  consideration  of 
One  dollar,  to  me  in  hand  paid,  and  for  other  good  and  valuable  considera- 


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PARTRIDGE  TOWNSHIP 


ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS   STATE  LAWS.  187 

tions,  the  receipt  whereof  is  hereby  confessed,  do  hereby  grant,  bargain, 
remise,  convey,  release,  and  quit-claim  unto  Joseph  Carlin  of  Chicago, 
of  th^  County  of  Cook,  and  State  of  Illinois,  all  the  right,  title,  interest, 
claim,  or  demand  whatsoever,  I  may  have  acquired  in,  through,  or  by  a 
certain  Indenture  or  Mortgage  Deed,  bearing  date  the  second  day  of  Jan- 
uary, A.  D.  1871,  and  recorded  in  the  Recorder's  office  of  said  county, 
in  book  A  of  Deeds,  page  46,  to  the  premises  therein  described,  and  which 
said  Deed  was  made  to  secure  one  certain  promissory  note,  bearing  even 
date  with  said  deed,  for  the  sum  of  Three  Hundred  dollars. 

Witness  my  hand  and  seal,  this  second  day  of  November,  A.  D.  1874. 

Peter  Ahlund.     [l.s.] 
State  of  Illinois,      ) 
Cook  County.        )      '  I,   George  Saxton,  a  Notary  Public  in 

and  for  said  county,  in  the  state  aforesaid,  do  hereby 

certify  that  Peter  Ahlund,  personally  known  to  me 

as  the  same   person  whose  name  is  subscribed  to  the 

foregoing  Release,  appeared   before  me  this  day  in 

[  "^seII^^"  ]  person,  and  acknowledged  that  he  signed,  sealed,  and 

delivered  the  said  instrument  of  writing  as  his  free 

a.id  voluntary  act,  for  the  uses  and  purposes  therein 

set  forth. 

Giv^n  under  my  hand  and  seal,  this  second  day  of 

November,  A.  D.  1874. 

George  Saxton,  N.  P. 

6ENERAL  FOItM  OF  WILL  FOR  REAL  AND  PERSONAL  PROPERTY. 

I,  Charles  Mansfield,  of  the  Town  of  Salem,  County  of  Jackson, 
Srate  of  Illinois,  being  aware  of  the  uncertainty  of  life,  and  in  failing- 
health,  but  of  sound  mind  and  memory,  do  make  and  declare  this  to  be 
my  last  will  and  testament,  in  manner  folio iving,  to  wit: 

First.  I  give,  devise  and  bequeath  unto  my  oldest  son,  Sidney  H. 
Mansfield,  the  sum  of  Two  Thousand  Dollars,  cf  bank  stock,  now  in  the 
Third  National  Bank  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  and  the  farm  owned  by  myself 
in  the  Town  of  Buskirk,  consisting  of  one  hundred  and  sixty  acres,  with 
all  the  houses,  tenements,  and  improvements  thereunto  belonging ;  to 
have  and  to  hold  unto  my  said  son,  his  heirs  and  assiguv,  forever. 

Second.  I  give,  devise  and  bequeath  to  each  of  my  daughters,  Anna 
Louise  Mansfield  and  Ida  Clara  Mansfield,  each  Two  ThouSvind  dollars  in 
bank  stock,  in  the  Third  National  Bank  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  and  also  each 
one  quarter  section  of  land,  owned  by  myself,  situated  in  the  Town  of 
Lake,  Illinois,  and  recorded  in  my  name  in  the  Recorder's  officvi  in  the 
county  where  such  land  is  located.  The  north  one  hundred  and  sixty 
acres  of  said  half  section  is  devised  to  my  eldest  daughter,  Anna  Louise. 
6 


188  ABSTRACT    OF    ILLINOIS    STATE   LAWS. 

Third.  I  give,  devise  and  bequeath  to  my  son,  Frank  Alfred  Mans- 
field, Five  shares  of  Railroad  stock  in  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Railroad, 
and  my  one  hundred  and  sixty  acres  of  land  and  saw  mill  thereon,  situ- 
ated  in  Manistee,  Michigan,  with  all  the  improvements  and  appurtenances 
thereunto  belonging,  which  said  real  estate  is  recorded  in  my  name  in  the 
county  where  situated. 

Fourth.  I  give  to  my  wife,  Victoria  Elizabeth  Mansfield,  all  my 
household  furniture,  goods,  chattels,  and  personal  property,  about  my 
home,  not  hitherto  disposed  of,  including  Eight  Thousand  dollars  of  bank 
stock  in  the  Third  National  Bank  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  Fifteen  shares  in 
the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Railroad,  and  the  free  and  unrestricted  use,  pos- 
session, and  benefit  of  the  home  farm,  so  long  as  she  may  live,  in  lieu  of 
dower,  to  which  she  is  entitled  by  law ;  said  farm  being  my  present  place 
of  residence. 

Fifth.  I  bequeath  to  my  invalid  father,  Elijah  H.  Mansfield,  the 
income  from  rents  of  my  store  building  at  145  Jackson  Street,  Chicago, 
Illinois,  during  the  term  of  his  natural  life.  Said  building  and  land  there- 
with to  revert  to  my  said  sons  and  daughters  in  equal  proportion,  upon 
the  demise  of  my  said  father. 

Sixth.  It  is  also  my  will  and  desire  that,  at  the  death  of  my  wife, 
Victoria  Elizabeth  Mansfield,  or  at  any  time  when  she  may  arrange  to 
relinquish  her  life  interest  in  the  above  mentioned  homestead,  the  same 
may  revert  to  my  above  named  children,  or  to  the  lawful  heirs  of  each. 

And  lastly.  I  nominate  and  appoint  as  executors  of  this  my  last  will 
and  testament,  my  wife,  Victoria  Elizabeth  Mansfield,  and  my  eldest  son, 
Sidney  H.  Mansfield. 

I  further  direct  that  my  debts  and  necessary  funeral  expenses  shaJ 
be  paid  from  moneys  now  on  deposit  in  the  Savings  Bank  of  Salem,  the 
residue  of  such  moneys  to  revert  to  my  wife,  Victoria  Elizabeth  Mansfield, 
for  her  use  forever. 

In  witness  whereof,  I,  Charles  Mansfield,  to  this  my  last  will  and 
testament,  have  hereunto  set  my  hand  and  seal,  this  fourth  day  of  April, 
eighteen  hundred  and  seventy-two. 

Signed,  sealed,  and  declared  by  Charles 

Mansfield,  as  and  for  his  last  will  and 

testament,  in  the  presence  of  us,  who, 

at  his  request,  and  in  his  presence,  and 

in  the  presence  of  each  other,  have  sub-  > 

scribed  our  .names  hereunto  as  witnesses 

thereof. 
Peter  A.  Schenck,  Sycamore,  Ills. 
Frank  E.  Dent,  Salem,  Ills. 


Charles  Mansfield,  [l.s.] 


Charles  Mansfield,  [l.s.] 


> 


ABSTRACT   OF   ILLINOIS   STATE   LAWS.  18U 

CODICIL 

Whereas  I,  Charles  Mansfield,  did,  on  the  fourth  d^y  of  April,  one 
thousand  eight  hundred  and  seventy-two,  make  my  last  will  and  testa- 
ment, I  do  now,  by  this  writing,  add  this  codicil  to  my  said  will,  to  be 
taken  as  a  part  thereof. 

Whereas,  by  the  dispensation  of  Providence,  my  daughter,  Anna 
Louise,  has  deceased  November  fifth,  eighteen  hundred  and  seventy-three, 
and  whereas,  a  aon  has  been  born  to  me,  which  son  is  now  christened 
Richard  Albert  Mansfield,  I  give  and  bequeath  unto  him  my  gold  watch, 
and  all  right,  interest,  and  title  in  lands  and  bank  stock  and  chattels 
bequeathed  to  my  deceased  daughter,  Anna  Louise,  in  the  body  of  this  will. 

In  witness  whereof,  I  hereunto  place  my  hand  and  seal,  this  tenth 
day  of  March,  eighteen  hundred  and  seventy-five. 

Signed,  sealed,  published,  and  declared  to~ 

us  by  the  testator,  Charles  Mansfield,  as 

and  for  a  codicil  to  be  annexed  to  his 

last  will  and  testament.      And  we,  at 

his  request,  and  in  his  presence,  and  in 

the  presence  of  each  other,  have  sub- 
scribed our  names  as  witnesses  thereto, 

at  the  date  hereof. 
Frank  E.  Dent,  Salem,  Ills. 
John  C.  Shay,  Salem,  Ills. 

CHURCH    ORGANIZATIONS 

May  be  legally  made  by  electing  or  appointing,  according  to  the  usages 
or  customs  of  the  body  of  which  it  is  a  part,  at  any  meeting  held  for  that 
purpose,  two  or  more  of  its  members  as  trustees,  wardens  or  vestrymen,  and 
may  adopt  a  corporate  name.  The  chairman  or  secretary  of  such  meeting 
shall,  as  soon  as  possible,  make  and  file  in  the  office  of  the  recorder  of 
deeds  of  the  county,  an  affidavit  substantially  in  the  following  form : 

State  of  Illinois,  / 

County.       i| 

I,   ,   do    solemnly   swear    (or  affirm,   as   the    case    may  be), 

that  at  a  meeting  of  the  members  of  the  (here  insert  the  name  of  the 
church,  society  or  congregation  as  known   before  organization),  held  at 

(here   insert  place  of  meeting),   in  the   County  of ,  and  State  of 

Illinois,  on  the day  of  ,  A.D.  18 — ,  for  that  purpose,  the  fol- 
lowing persons  were  elected  (or  appointed)  [here  insert  their  names'] 
trustees,  wardens,  vestrymen,  (or  officers  by  whatever  name  they  may 
choose  to  adopt,  with  powers  similar  to  trustees)  according  to  the  rules 
and  usages  of  sucih  Tchurch,  society  or  congregation),  and  said 


y 


190  ABSTRACT    OF    ILLINOIS    STATE   LAWS. 

adopted  as  its  corporate  name  (here  insert  name),  and  at  said  meeting] 
tliis  affiant  acted  as  (chairman  or  secretary,  as  the  case  may  be). 

Subscribed  and  sworn  to  before  me.  this day  of  ,  A.D, 

18^ — -,  Name  of  Affiant  

which  affidavit  must  be  recorded  by  the  recorder,  and  shall  be,  or  a  certi- 
fied cop3'  made  by  the  recorder,  received  as  evidence  of  such  an  incorpo- 
ration. 

JVb  certificate  of  election  after  the  first  need  he  filed  for  record. 

The  term  of  office  of  the  trustees  and  the  general  government  of  the 
society  can  be  determined  by  the  rules  or  by-laws  adopted.  Failure  to 
elect  trustees  at  the  time  provided  does  not  work  a  dissolution,  but  the 
old  trustees  hold  over.  A  trustee  or  trustees  may  be  removed,  in  thi- 
same  manner  by  the  society  as  elections  are  held  by  a  meeting  called  for 
that  purpose.  The  property  of  the  society  vests  in  the  corporation.  The 
corporation  may  hold,  or  acquire  b}'  purchase  or  otherwise,  land  not 
exceeding  ten  acres,  for  the  purpose  of  the  society.  The  trustees  have 
the  care,  custody  and  control  of  the  property  of  the  corporation,  and  can, 
when  directed  by  the  society,  erect  houses  or  improvements,  and  repair 
and  alter  the  same,  and  may  also  when  so  directed  by  the  society, 
mortgage,  encumber,  sell  and  convey  any  real  or  personal  estate  belonging 
to  the  corporation,  and  make  all  proper  contracts  in  the  name  of  such 
corporation.  But  they  are  prohibited  by  law  from  encumbering  or  inter- 
fering with  any  property  so  as  to  destroy  the  effect  of  any  gift,  grant, 
devise  or  bequest  to  the  corporation ;  but  such  gifts,  grants,  devises  oi 
bequests,  must  in  all  cases  be  used  so  as  to  carrj'  out  the  object  intended 
by  the  persons  making  the  same.  Existing  societies  may  organize  in  the 
manner  herein  set  forth,  and  have  all  the  advantages  thereof. 

SUGGESTIONS  TO  THOSE  PURCHASING  BOOKS  BY  SUBSCRIPTION. 

The  business  of  puhUshing  hooks  hy  suhscription  having  so  often  been 
brought  into  disrepute  by  agents  making  representations  and  declarations 
not  authorized  hy  the  puhlisher  ;  in  order  to  prevent  that  as  much  as  possi- 
ble, and  that  there  may  be  more  general  knowledge  of  the  relation  such 
agents  bear  to  tbeir  principal,  and  the  law  governing  such  cases,  the  fol- 
lowing statement  is  made  : 

A  suhscription  is  in  the  nature  of  a  contract  of  mutual  promises,  by 
which  the  subscriber  agrees  to  pay  a  certain  sum  for  the  work  described ; 
the  consideration  is  concurrent  that  the  publisher  shall  puhlish  the  ho'Jc 
named,  and  deliver  the  same,  for  which  the  subscriber  is  to  pay  the  price 
named.  The  nature  and  character  of  the  work  is  described  in  the  prospectus 
and  hy  the  sample  shoivn.  lihesQ  ^\\o\\\i\.  he  carefully  examined  hefore  syh. 
scribing,  as  they  are  the  basis  and  consideration  of  the  promise  to  pav, 


t 


ABSTRACT    OF    Il^LTNOIS    STATE   LAWS.  191 

and  not  the  too  often  exaggerated  statements  of  the  agents  who  is  merely 
employed  to  solicit  subscriptions,  for  which  he  is  usually  paid  a  commission 
i  for  each  subscriber,  and  has  no  authority  to  change  or  alter  the  conditions 
j  upon  which  the  subscriptions  are  authorized  to  be  made  by  the  publisher. 
I  Should  the  agent  assume  to  agree  to  make  the  subscription  conditional  or 
j  modify  or  change  the  agreement  of  the  publisher,  as  set  out  by  prospectus 
Q^nA  )i,^ra^\Q,  \n  oxdiev  to  bind  the  p)rincipal,  the  subscriber  should  see   that 
sucli  conditions  or  changes  are  stated  over  or  in  connection  with  his  signa- 
ture, so  that  the  publisher  may  have  notice  of  the  same. 

All  persons  making  contracts  in  reference  to  matters  of  this  kind,  or 
any  other  business,  should  remember  that  the  laiv  as  to  written  contracts  is, 
that  thev  can  not  be  varied,  altered  or  rescinded  verbally,  but  if  done  at  all, 
must  be  done  in  tvriting.  It  is  therefore  important  that  all  persons  contem- 
plating subscribing  should  distinctly  understand  that  all  talk  before  or  after 
the  subscription  is  made,  is  not  admissible  as  evidence,  and  is  no  part  of  the 
contract. 

Persons  employed  to  solicit  subscriptions  are  known  to  the  trade  as 
canvassers.  They  are  agents  appointed  to  do  a  particular  business  in  a 
prescribed  mode,  and  have  no  authority  to  do  it  in  any  other  way  to  the 
prejudice  of  their  principal,  nor  can  they  bind  their  principal  in  any  other 
matter.  They  cannot  collect  money,  or  agree  that  payment  may  be  made 
in  anything  else  but  money.  They  can  not  extend  the  time  of  payment 
'  beyond  the  time  of  delivery,  nor  bind  their  principal  for  the  payment  of 
expenses  incurred  in  their  buisness. 

It  would  save  a  great  deal  of  trouble,  and  often  serious  loss,  if  persons, 
before  signing  their  names  to  any  subscription  book,  or  any  written  instru- 
ment, would  examine  carefully  ivhatit  is  ;  if  they  can  not  read  themselves, 
should  call  on  some  one  disinterested  who  can. 

6 


192  CONSTITUTION   OF   THE   UNITED   STATES 


CONSTITUTION    OF    THE    UNITED    STATES    OF   AMERICA 

AND  ITS  AMENDMENTS. 

We,  the  people  of  the  United  States,  in  order  to  form  a  more  perfect  union, 
establish  justice,  insure  domestic  tranquillity,  provide  for  the  common 
defense',  promote  the  general  ivelfare,  and  secioe  the  blessings  of  liberty 
to  ourselves  and  our  posterity,  do  ordain  and  establish  this  Constitution 
for  the  United  States  of  America. 

Article  I. 

Section  1.  All  legislative  powers  herein  granted  shall  be  vested  in 
a  Congress  of  the  United  States,  which  shall  consist  of  a  Senate  and 
House  of  Representatives. 

Sec.  2.     The  House  of  Representatives  shall  be  composed  of  mem- 
bers chosen  ever}-  second  j^ear  b}'  the  people  of  the  several  states,  and  the 
lectors  in  each  state  shall  have  the  qualifications  requisite  for  electors  of 
the  most  numerous  branch  of  the  State  Legislature. 

No  person  shall  be  a  representative  who  shall  not  have  attained  to  the 
age  of  twenty-five  years,  and  been  seven  years  a  citizen  of  the  United 
States,  and  who  shall  not,  when  elected,  be  an  inhabitant  of  that  state  in 
which  he  shall  be  chosen. 

Representatives  and  direct  taxes  shall  be  apportioned  among  the  sev- 
eral states  which  may  be  included  within  this  Union,  according  to  their 
respective  numbers,  which  shall  be  determined  by  adding  to  the  whole 
number  of  free  persons,  including  those  bound  to  service  for  a  term  of 
years,  and  excluding  Indians  not  taxed,  three-fifths  of  all  other  persons. 
The  actual  enumeration  shall  be  made  within  three  j-ears  after  the  first 
meeting  of  the  Congress  of  the  United  States,  and  within  every  subse- 
quent term  of  ten  years,  in  such  manner  as  they  shall  by  law  direct.  The 
number  of  Representatives  shall  not  exceed  one  for  every  thirty  thousand, 
but  each  state  shall  have  at  least  one  Representative  ;  and  until  such 
enumeration  shall  be  made  the  State  of  New  Hampshire  shall  be  entitled 
to  choose  three,  Massachusetts  eight,  Rhode  Island  and  Providence  Plan- 
tations one,  Connecticut  five,  New  York  six.  New  Jerse}'  four,  Penns^lva- 
nia  eight,  Delaware  one,  Maryland  six,  Virginia  ten.  North  Carolina  five, 
and  Georgia  three. 

When  vacancies  happen  in  the  representation  from  any  state,  the 
Executive  authority  thereof  shall  issue  writs  of  election  to  fill  such 
vacancies. 

The  House  of  Representatives  shall  choose  their  Speaker  and  other 
officers,  and  shall  have  the  sole  power  of  impeachment. 

Sec.  3.  The  Senate  of  the  United  States  shall  be  composed  of  two 
Senators  from  each  state,  chosen  by  the  Legislature  thereof  for  six  years  ; 
and  each  Senator  shall  have  one  vote. 

Immediately  after  they  shall  be  assembled  in  consequence  of  the  first 
election,  the}-  shall  be  divided  as  equally  as  may  be  into  three  classes. 
The  seats  of  the  Senators  of  the  first  class  shall  be  vacated  at  the  expira- 


AiTD  ITS   AMENDMENTS.  193 

tion  of  the  second  year,  of  the  second  class  at  the  expiration  of  the  fourth 
year,  and  of  the  third  class  at  the  expiration  of  the  sixth  year,  so  that 
one-third  may  be  chosen  every  second  year;  and  if  vacancies  happen  by 
resignation  or  otherwise,  during  the  recess  of  the  Legislature  of  any  state, 
the  Executive  thereof  may  make  temporary  appointments  until  the  next 
meeting  of  the  Legislature,  which  shall  then  fill  such  vacaxicies. 

No  person  shall  be  a  Senator  who  shall  not  have  attained  to  the  age 
of  thirty  years  and  been  nine  years  a  citizen  of  the  United  States,  and 
who  shall  not,  when  elected,  be  an  inhabitant  of  that  state  for  which  he 
shall  be  chosen. 

The  Vice-President  of  the  United  States  shall  be  President  of  the 
Senate,  but  shall  have  no  vote  unless  they  be  equally  divided. 

The  Senate  shall  choose  their  other  officers,  and  also  a  President  pro 
tempore,  in  the  absence  of  the  Vice-President,  or  when  he  shall  exercise 
the  office  of  President  of  the  United  States. 

The  Senate  shall  have  the  sole  power  to  try  all  impeachments.  When 
sitting  for  that  purpose  they  shall  be  on  oath  or  affirmation.  When  the 
President  of  the  United  States  is  tried  the  Chief  Justice  shall  preside. 
And  no  person  shall  be  convicted  without  the  concurrence  of  two-thirds 
of  the  members  present. 

Judgment,  in  cases  of  impeachment,  shall  not  extend  further  than  to 
removal  from  office,  and  disqualification  to  hold  and  enjoy  any  office  of 
honor,  trust,  or  profit  under  the  United  States;  but  the  party  convicted 
shall  nevertheless  be  liable  and  subject  to  indictment,  trial,  judgment, 
and  punishment  according  to  law. 

Sec.  4.  The  times,  places  and  manner  of  holding  elections  for  Sen- 
ators and  Representatives  shall  be  prescribed  in  each  state  by  the  Legis- 
lature thereof;  but  the  Congress  ma}^  at  any  time  by  law  make  or  alter 
such  regulations,  except  as  to  the  places  of  choosing  Senators. 

The  Congress  shall  assemble  at  least  once  in  every  year,  and  such 
meeting  shall  be  on  the  first  Monday  in  December,  unless  they  shall  by 
law  appoint  a  different  day. 

Sec.  5.  Each  house  shall  be  the  judge  of  the  election,  returns,  and 
qualifications  of  its  own  members,  and  a  majority  of  each  shall  constitute 
a  quorum  to  do  business;  but  a  smaller  number  may  adjourn  from  day  to 
day,  and  may  be  authorized  to  compel  the  attendance  of  absent  members 
in  such  manner  and  under  such  penalties  as  each  liouse  may  provide. 

Each  house  may  determine  the  rules  of  its  proceedings,  punish  its 
members  for  disorderly  behavior,  and,  with  the  concurrence  of  two-thirds, 
expel  a  member. 

Each  house  shall  keep  a  journal  of  its  proceedings,  and  from  time  to 
time  publish  the  same,  excepting  such  parts  as  may,  in  their  judgment, 
require  secrecy  ;  and  the  yeas  and  nays  of  the  members  of  either  house 
on  any  question  shall,  at  the  desire  of  one-fifth  of  those  present,  be  entered 
on  the  journal. 

Neither  house,  during  the  session  of  Congress,  shall,  without  the 
consent  of  the  other,  adjourn  for  more  than  three  days,  nor  to  any  other 
place  than  that  in  which  the  two  houses  shall  be  sitting. 

Sec.  6.  The  Senators  and  Representatives  shall  receive  a  compen- 
sation for  their  services,  to  be  ascertained  by  law,  and  paid  out  of  the 
treasury  of  the  United  States.     They  shall  in  ail  cases,  except  treason, 


194  CONSTITUTION   OF  THE  UNITED   STATES 

felony,  and  breach  of  the  peace,  be  privileged  from  arrest  during  their 
attendance  at  the  session  of  their  respective  houses,  and  in  going  to  and 
returning  from  the  same  ;  and  for  any  speech  or  debate  in  either  house 
they  shall  not  be  questioned  in  any  other  place. 

No  Senator  or  Representative  shall,  during  the  time  for  which  he  was 
elected,  be  appointed  to  any  civil  ofiBce  under  the  authority  of  the  United 
States,  which  shall  have  been  created,  or  the  emoluments  whereof  shall 
have  been  increased  during  such  time  ;  and  no  person  holding  any  office 
under  the  United  States,  shall  be  a  member  of  either  house  during  his 
continuance  in  office. 

Sec.  7.  All  bills  for  raising  revenue  shall  originate  in  the  House  of 
Representatives ;  but  the  Senate  may  propose  or  concur  with  amendments 
as  on  other  bills. 

Every  bill  which  shall  have  passed  the  House  of  Representatives  and 
the  Senate,  shall,  before  it  becomes  a  law,  be  presented  to  the  President 
the  United  States ;  if  he  approve  he  shall  sign  it ;  but  if  not  he  shall 
return  it,  with  his  objections,  to  that  house  in  which  it  shall  have  origi- 
nated, who  shall  enter  the  objections  at  large  on  their  journal,  and 
proceed  to  reconsider  it.  If,  after  such  reconsideration  two-thirds  of  that 
house  shall  agree  to  pass  the  bill,  it  shall  be  sent,  together  with  the  objec- 
tions, to  the  other  house,  by  which  it  shall  likewise  be  reconsidered,  and  if 
approved  by  two-thirds  of  that  house,  it  shall  become  a  law.  But  in  all 
such  cases  the  votes  of  both  houses  shall  be  determined  by  }  eas  and  nays, 
and  the  names  of  the  persons  voting  for  and  against  the  bill  shall  be  entered 
on  the  journal  of  each  house  respectively.  If  any  bill  shall  not  be  returned 
by  the  President  within  ten  days  (Sundays  excepted),  after  it  shall  have 
been  presented  to  him,  the  same  shall  be  a  law,  in  like  manner  as  if  he 
had  signed  it,  unless  the  Congress,  by  their  adjournment,  prevent  its 
return,  in  which  case  it  shall  not  be  a  law. 

Every  order,  resolution,  or  vote  to  which  the  concurrence  of  the 
Senate  and  House  of  Rei>resentatives  may  be  necessary  (except  on  a 
question  of  adjournment),  shall  be  presented  to  the  President  of  the 
United  States,  and  before  the  same  shall  take  effect  shall  be  approved  by 
him,  or,  being  disapproved  by  him,  shall  be  re-passed  by  two-thirds  of 
the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives,  according  to  the  rules  and  lim- 
itations prescribed  in  the  case  of  a  bill. 

Sec.  8.     The  Congress  shall  have  power — 

To  lay  and  collect  taxes,  duties,  imposts  and  excises,  to  pay  the  debts, 
and  provide  for  the  common  defense  and  general  welfare  of  the  United 
Jtates ;  but  all  duties,  imposts,  and  excises  shall  be  uniform  throughout 
the  United  States ; 

To  borrow  money  on  the  credit  of  the  United  States ; 

To  regulate  commerce  with  foreign  nations,  and  among  the  several 
Str.tes,  and  with  the  Indian  tribes ; 

To  establish  a  uniform  rule  of  naturalization,  and  uniform  laws  on 
the  subject  of  bankruptcies  throughout  the  United  States ; 

To  coin  money,  regulate  the  value  thereof,  and  of  foreign  coin,  and 
fix  the  standard  5f  weights  and  measures ; 

To  provide  for  the  punishment  of  counterfeiting  the  securities  and 
current  coin  of  the  United  States; 

To  establish  post  offices  and  post  roads ; 


AND   ITS   AMENDMENTS.  195 

To  promote  the  progress  of  sciences  and  useful  arts,  by  securing, 
for  ^'mited  times,  to  authors  and  inventors,  the  exclusive  right  to  their 
respective  writings  and  discoveries  ; 

To  constitute  tribunals  inferior  to  the  Supreme  Court ; 

To  define  and  punish  piracies  and  felonies  committed  on  the  high 
seas,  and  offenses  against  the  law  of  nations ; 

To  declare  war,  grant  letters  of  marque  and  reprisal,  and  make  rules 
concerning  captures  on  land  and  water  ; 

To  raise  and  support  armies,  but  no  appropriation  of  money  to  that 
use  shall  be  for  n  longer  term  than  two  years ; 

To  provide  and  maintain  a  navy ; 

To  make  rules  for  the  government  and  regulation  of  the  land  and 
naval  forces ; 

To  provide  for  calling  forth  the  militia  to  execute  the  laws  of  the 
Union,  suppress  insurrections,  and  repel  invasions  ; 

To  provide  for  organizing,  arming  and  disciplining  the  militia,  and 
for  governing  such  part  of  them  as  may  be  employed  in  the  service  of  the 
United  States,  reserving  to  the  states  respectively  the  appointment  of  the 
ofScers,  and  the  authority  of  training  the  militia  according  to  the  disci' 
pline  prescribed  by  Congress  ; 

To  exercise  legislation  in  all  cases  whatsoever  over  such  district  (not 
exceeding  ten  miles  square)  as  may,  by  cession  of  particular  states,  and  the 
acceptance  of  Congress,  become  the  seat  of  the  government  of  the  United 
States,  and  to  exercise  like  authority  over  all  places  purchased  by  the 
consent  of  the  Legislature  of  the  state  in  which  the  same  shall  be,  for 
the  erection  of  forts,  magazines,  arsenals,  dock  yards,  and  other  needful 
buildings ;  and 

To  make  all  laws  which  shall  be  necessary  and  proper  for  carrying 
intc  execution  the  foregoing  powers,  and  all  other  powers  vested  by  this 
Constitution  in  the  government  of  the  United  States,  or  in  any  depart- 
ment or  officer  thereof. 

Sec.  9.  The  migration  or  importation  of  such  persons  as  any  of  the 
states  now  existing  shall  think  proper  to  admit,  shall  not  be  prohibited 
by  the  Congress  prior  to  the  year  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  eight, 
but  a  tax  or  duty  may  be  imposed  on  such  importation,  not  exceeding  ten 
dollars  for  each  person. 

The  privilege  of  the  writ  of  habeas  corpus  shall  not  be  suspended, 
unless  when  in  cases  of  rebellion  or  invasion  the  public  safety  may 
require  it. 

No  bill  of  attainder  or  ex  post  facto  law  shall  be  passed. 

No  capitation  or  other  direct  tax  shall  be  laid,  unless  in  proportion 
to  the  census  or  enumeration  hereinbefore  directed  to  be  taken. 

No  tax  or  duty  shall  be  laid  on  articles  exported  from  any  state. 

No  preference  shall  be  given  by  any  regulation  of  commerce  or  rev- 
enue to  the  ports  of  one  state  over  those  of  another;  nor  shall  vessels 
bound  to  or  from  one  state  be  obliged  to  enter,  clear,  or  pay  duties  in 
another. 

No  money  shall  be  drawn  from  the  Treasury,  but  in  consequence  of 
appropriations  made  by  law ;  and  a  regular  statement  and  account  of 
the  receipts  and  expeditures  of  all  public  money  shall  be  published  from 
time  to  time. 


196  CONSTITUTION   OF   THE   UNITED   STATES 

No  title  of  nobility  shall  be  granted  by  the  United  States :  and  no 
person  holding  any  office  of  profit  or  trust  under  them,  shall,  M'ithout  the 
consent  of  the  Congress,  accept  of  any  present,  emolument,  office,  or  title 
of  any  kind  whatever,  from  any  king,  prince,  or  foreign  state. 

Sec.  10.  No  state  shall  enter  into  any  treaty,  alliance,  or  confeder- 
ation ;  grant  letters  of  marque  and  reprisal ;  coin  money ;  emit  bills  of 
credit ;  make  anything  but  gold  and  silver  coin  a  tender  in  payment  of 
debts ;  pass  any  bill  of  attainder,  ex  post  facto  law,  or  law  impairing  the 
obligation  of  contracts,  or  grant  any  title  of  nobility. 

No  state  shall,  without  the  consent  of  the  Congress,  lay  any  imposts 
or  duties  on  imports  or  exports,  except  what  may  be  absolutely  necessary 
for  executing  its  inspection  laws,  and  the  net  produce  of  all  duties  and 
imposts  laid  by  any  state  on  imports  or  exports,  shall  be  for  the  use  of  the 
Treasury  of  the  United  States ;  and  all  such  laws  shall  be  subject  to  the 
revision  and  control  of  the  Congress. 

No  state  shall,  without  the  consent  of  Congress,  lay  any  duty  on 
tonnage,  keep  troops  or  ships  of  war  in  time  of  peace,  enter  into  any 
agreement  or  compact  with  another  state,  or  with  a  foreign  power,  or 
engage  in  war,  unless  actually  invaded,  or  in  such  imminent  danger  as  wiU 
not  admit  of  delay. 

Article  II. 

Section  1.  The  Executive  power  shall  be  vested  in  a  President  of 
the  United  States  of  America.  He  shall  hold  his  office  during  the  term 
of  four  years,  and,  together  with  the  Vice-President  chosen  for  the  same 
term,  be  elected  as  follows : 

Each  state  shall  appoint,  in  such  manner  as  the  Legislature  thereof 
may  direct,  a  number  of  Electors,  equal  to  the  whole  number  of  Senators 
and  Representatives  to  which  the  state  may  be  entitled  in  the  Congress  ; 
but  no  Senator  or  Representative,  or  person  holding  an  office  of  trust  or 
profit  under  the  United  States,  shall  be  appointed  an  Elector. 

[*The  Electors  shall  meet  in  their  respective  states,  and  vote  by 
ballot  for  two  persons,  of  whom  one  at  least  shall  not  be  an  inhabitant  of 
the  same  state  with  themselves.  And  they  shall  make  a  list  of  all  the 
persons  voted  for,  and  of  the  number  of  votes  for  each  ;  which  list  they 
shall  sign  and  certify,  and  transmit,  sealed,  to  the  seat  of  the  government 
of  the  United  States,  directed  to  the  President  of  the  Senate.  The  Pres- 
ident of  the  Senate  shall,  in  the  presence  of  the  Senate  and  House  of  Rep- 
resentatives, open  all  the  certificates,  and  the  votes  shall  then  be  counted. 
The  person  having  the  greatest  number  of  votes  shall  be  the  President, 
if  such  number  be  a  majority  of  the  whole  number  of  Electors  appointed ; 
and  if  there  be  more  than  one  who  have  such  majority,  and  have  an  equal 
number  of  votes,  then  the  House  of  Representatives  shall  immediately 
choose  by  ballot  one  of  them  for  President ;  and  if  no  person  have  a  ma- 
jority, then  from  the  five  highest  on  the  list  the  said  House  shall  in  like 
manner  choose  the  President.  But  in  choosing  the  President,  the  vote 
shall  be  taken  by  states,  the  representation  from  each  state  having  one 
vote  ;  a  quorum  for  this  purpose  shall  consist  of  a  member  or  members 
from  two-thirds  of  the  states,  and  a  majority  of  all  the  states  shall  be 
necessary  to  a  choice.     In  every  case,  after  the  choice  of  the  President, 

•  This  clause  between, brackets  bas  been  superseded  and  annulled  by  the  Twelfth  amendment. 


AND    ITS   AMENDMENTS.  197 

the  person  having  the  greatest  number  of  votes  of  the  Electors  shall  be 
the  Vice-President.  But  if  there  should  remain  two  or  more  who  have 
equal  votes,  the  Senate  shall  choose  from  them  by  ballot  the  Vice-Presi- 
dent.] 

The  Congress  may  determine  the  time  of  choosing  the  Electors,  and 
the  day  on  which  they  shall  give  their  votes  ;  which  day  shall  be  the  same 
throughout  the  United  States. 

No  person  except  a  natural  born  citizen,  or  a  citizen  of  the  United 
States  at  the  time  of  the  adoption  of  this  Constitution,  shall  be  eligible 
to  the  office  of  President ;  neither  shall  any  person  be  eligible  to  that 
of&ce  who  shall  not  have  attained  the  age  of  thirty-five  years,  and  been 
fourteen  years  a  resident  within  the  United  States. 

In  case  of  the  removal  of  the  President  from  office,  or  of  his  death, 
resignation,  or  inability  to  discharge  the  powers  and  duties  of  the  said 
office,  the  same  shall  devolve  on  the  Vice-Pi^esident,  and  the  Congress 
may  by  law  provide  for  the  case  of  removal,  death,  resignation,  or  inabil- 
ity, both  of  the  President  and  Vice-President,  declaring  what  oflScer  shall 
then  act  as  President,  and  such  officer  shall  act  accordingly,  until  the  dis- 
ability be  removed,  or  a  President  shall  be  elected. 

The  President  shall,  at  stated  times,  receive  for  his  services  a  com^ 
pensation  which  shall  neither  be  increased  nor  diminished  during  the 
period  for  which  he  shall  have  been  elected,  and  he  shall  not  receive 
within  that  period  any  other  emolument  from  the  United  States  or  any  of 
them. 

Before  he  enters  on  the  execution  of  his  office,  he  shall  take  the  fol- 
lowing oath  or  affirmation : 

"  I  do  solemnly  swear  (or  affirm)  that  I  will  faithfully  execute  the 
office  of  President  of  the  United  States,  and  will,  to  the  best  of  my  ability, 
preserve,  protect,  and  defend  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States." 

Sec.  2.  The  President  shall  be  commander  in  chief  of  the  army  and 
navy  of  the  United  States,  and  of  the  militia  of  the  several  states,  when 
called  into  the  actual  service  of  the  United  States;  he  may  require  the 
opinion,  in  writing,  of  the  principal  officer  in  each  of  the  executive 
departments,  upon  any  subject  relating  to  the  duties  of  their  respective 
offices,  and  he  shall  have  power  to  grant  reprieves  and  pardon  for  offenses 
against  the  United  States,  ex<iept  in  cases  of  impeachment. 

He  shall  have  power,  by  and  with  the  advice  and  consent  of  the 
Senate,  to  make  treaties,  provided  two-thirds  of  the  Senators  present  con- 
cur ;  and  he  shall  nominate,  and  by  and  with  the  advice  of  the  Senate, 
shall  appoint  ambassadors,  other  public  ministers  and  consuls,  judges  of 
the  Supreme  Court,  and  all  other  officers  of  the  United  States  whose 
appointments  are  not  herein  otherwise  provided  for,  and  which  shall  be 
established  by  law ;  but  the  Congress  may  by  law  vest  the  appointment 
of  such  inferior  officers  as  they  think  proper  in  the  President  alone,  in 
the  courts  of  law,  or  in  the  heads  of  departments. 

The  President  shall  have  power  to  fill  up  all  vacancies  that  may 
happen  during  the  recess  of  the  Senate,  by  granting  commissions  which 
shall  expire  at  the  end  of  their  next  session. 

Sec.  3.  He  shall  from  time  to  time  give  to  the  Congress  information 
of  the  state  of  the  Union,  and  recommend  to  their  consideration  such  mea- 
sures as  he  shall  judge  necessary  and  expedient ;  he  may  on  extraordinary 


"198  CONSTITUTION   OF   THE  UNITED   STATES 

occasions  convene  both  houses,  or  either  of  them,  and  in  case  of  disagree- 
ment between  them,  with  respect  to  the  time  of  adjournment,  he  maj 
adjourn  them  to  such  time  as  he  shall  think  proper ;  he  shall  receive 
ambassadors  and  other  public  ministers ;  he  shall  take  care  that  the  laws  be 
faithfully  executed,  and  shall  commission  all  the  officers  of  the  United 
States. 

Sec.  4.  The  President,  Vice-President,  and  all  civil  officers  of  the 
United  States,  shall  be  removed  from  office  on  impeachment  for,  and  con- 
viction of,  treason,  bribery,  or  other  high  crimes  and  misdemeanors. 

Article  III. 

Section  I.  The  judicial  power  of  the  United  States  shall  be  vested 
in  one  Supreme  Court,  and  such  inferior  courts  as  the  Congress  may  from 
time  to  time  ordain  and  establish.  The  Judges,  both  of  the  Supreme  and 
inferior  courts,  shall  hold  their  offices  during  good  behavior,  and  shall,  at 
stated  times,  receive  for  their  services  a  compensation,  which  shall  not  be 
diminished  during  their  continuance  in  office. 

Sec.  2.  The  judicial  power  shall  extend  to  all  cases,  in  law  and 
equity,  arising  under  this  Constitution,  the  laws  of  the  United  States,  and 
treaties  made,  or  which  shall  be  made,  under  their  authority ;  to  all  cases 
affecting  ambassadors,  other  public  ministers,  and  consuls  ;  to  all  cases  of 
admiralty  and  maritime  jurisdiction  ;  to  controversies  to  which  the  United 
States  shall  be  a  party ;  to  controversies  between  two  or  more  states ; 
between  a  state  and  citizens  of  another  state  ;  between  citizens  of  differ- 
ent states  ;  between  citizens  of  the  same  state  claiming  lands  under  grants 
of  different  states,  and  between  a  state  or  the  citizens  thereof,  and  foreign 
states,  citizens,  or  subjects. 

In  all  cases  affecting  ambassadors,  other  public  ministers,  and  consuls, 
and  those  in  which  a  state  shall  be  a  party,  the  Supreme  Court  shall  have 
■original  jurisdiction. 

In  all  the  other  cases  before  mentioned,  the  Supreme  Court  shall 
have  appellate  jurisdiction,  both  as  to  law  and  fact,  with  such  exceptions 
and  under  such  regulations  as  the  Congress  shall  make. 

The  trial  of  all  crimes,  except  in  cases  of  impeachment,  shall  be  by 
jury  ;  and  such  trial  shall  be  held  in  the  state  where  the  said  crimes  shall 
have  been  committed  ;  but  when  not  committed  within  an}^  state,  the 
trial  shall  be  at  such  place  or  places  as  the  Congress  may  by  law  have 
directed. 

Sec.  3.  Treason  against  the  United  States  shall  consist  only  in  levy- 
ing war  against  them,  or  in  adhering  to  their  enemies,  giving  them  aid 
and  comfort.  No  person  shall  be  convicted  of  treason  unless  on  the  tes- 
timony of  two  witnesses  to  the  same  overt  act,  or  on  confession  in  open 
court. 

The  Congress  shall  have  power  to  declare  the  punishment  of  treason, 
but  no  attainder  of  treason  shall  work  corruption  of  blood,  or  forfeiture, 
except  during  the  life  of  the  person  attainted. 

Article  IV. 

Section  1.  Full  faith  and  credit  shall  be  given  in  each  state  to  the 
public  acts,  records,  and  judicial  proceedings  of  every  other  state.     And 


AND   ITS   AMENDMENTS.  199 

the  Congress  may,  by  general  laws,  prescribe  the  manner  in  which  such 
acts,  records,  and  proceedings  shall  be  proved,  and  the  effect  thereof. 

Sec.  2.  The  citizens  of  each  state  shall  be  entitled  to  all  privileges 
and  immunities  of  citizens  in  the  several  states. 

A  person  charged  in  any  state  with  treason,  felony,  or  other  crime, 
who  shall  flee  from  justice  and  be  found  in  another  state,  shall,  on  demand 
of  the  executive  authority  of  the  state  from  which  he  fled,  be  delivered 
up,  to  be  removed  to  the  state  having  jurisdiclon  of  the  crime. 

No  person  held  to  service  or  labor  in  one  state,  under  the  laws  thereof 
escaping  into  another,  shall,  in  consequence  of  any  law  or  regulation 
therein,  be  discharged  from  such  service  or  labor,  but  shall  be  delivered 
up  on  the  claim  of  the  party  to  whom  such  service  or  labor  may  be  due. 

Sec.  3.  New  states  may  be  admitted  by  the  Congress  into  this  Union ; 
but  no  new  state  shall  be  formed  or  erected  within  the  jurisdiction  of  any 
other  state  ;  nor  any  state  be  formed  by  the  junction  of  two  or  more  states, 
or  parts  of  states,  without  the  consent  of  the  Legislatures  of  the  states 
concerned,  as  well  as  of  the  Congress. 

The  Congress  shall  have  power  to  dispose  of  and  make  all  needful 
rules  and  regulations  respecting  the  territory  or  other  property  belonging 
to  the  United  States ;  and  nothing  in  this  Constitution  shall  be  so  construed 
as  to  prejudice  any  claims  of  the  United  States  or  of  any  particular  state. 

Sec.  4.  The  United  States  shall  guarantee  to  every  state  in  this 
Union  a  republican  form  of  government,  and  shall  protect  each  of  them 
against  invasion,  and  on  application  of  the  Legislature,  or  of  the  Execu- 
tive (when  the  Legislature  can  not  be  convened),  against  domestic  vio- 
lence. 

Article  V. 

The  Congress,  whenever  two-thirds  of  both  houses  shall  deem  it 
necessar}^  shall  propose  amendments  to  this  Constitution,  or,  on  the  ap- 
plication of  the  Legislatures  of  two-thirds  of  the  several  states,  shall  call 
a  convention  for  proposing  amendments,  which,  in  either  case,  shall  be 
valid  to  all  intents  and  purposes  as  part  of  this  Constitution,  when  rati- 
fied by  the  Legislatures  of  three  fourths  of  the  several  states,  or  by  con- 
ventions in  three-fourths  thereof,  as  the  one  or  the  other  mode  of  ratifi- 
cation may  be  proposed  by  the  Congress.  Provided  that  no  amendment 
which  may  be  made  prior  to  the  year  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and 
eight  shall  in  any  manner  affect  the  first  and  fourth  clauses  in  the  ninth 
section  of  the  first  article  ;  and  that  no  state,  without  its  consent,  shall 
be  deprived  of  its  equal  suffrage  in  the  Senate. 

Akticle  VL 

All  debts  contracted  and  engagements  entered  into  before  the  adop- 
tion of  this  Constitution  shall  be  as  valid  against  the  United  States  under 
this  Constitution  as  under  the  Confederation. 

This  Constitution,  and  the  laws  of  the  United  States  which  shall  be 
made  in  pursuance  thereof,  and  all  treaties  made,  or  which  shall  be  made, 
under  the  authority  of  the  United  States,  shall  be  the  supreme  law  of  the 
land  ;  and  the  Judges  in  every  state  shall  be  bound  thereby,  anything  in 
the  Constitution  or  laws  of  any  state  to  the  contrary  notwithstanding. 

The  Senators  and  Representatives  before  mentioned,  and  the  mera-> 

7 


200 


CONSTITUTION   OF   THE    UNITED   STATES 


bers  of  the  several  state  Legislatures,  and  all  executive  and  judicial  offi- 
cers, both  of  the  United  States  and  of  the  several  states,  shall  be  bound 
by  oath  or  affirmation  to  support  this  Constitution  ;  but  no  religious  test 
shall  ever  be  required  as  a  qualification  to  any  office  or  public  trust  under 
the  United  States. 

Article  VII. 

The  ratification  of  the  Conventions  of  nine  states  shall  be  sufficient 
for  the  establishment  of  this  Constitution  between  the  states  so  ratifying 
the  same. 

Done  in  convention  by  the  unanimous  consent  of  the  states  present,  the 
seventeenth  day  of  September,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  one  thousand 
seven  hundred  and  eighty-seven,  and  of  the  independence  of  the 
United  States  of  America  the  twelfth.  In  witness  whereof  we  have 
hereunto  subscribed  our  names. 

GEO.  WASHINGTON, 
President  and  Deputy  from  Virginia. 


New  ffanipshire. 
John  Langdon, 
Nicholas  Oilman. 

Massachusetts. 
Nathaniel  Gorham, 
RuFus  King. 

Connecticut. 
Wm.  Sam'l  Johnson, 
Roger  Sherman. 


Delaware. 
Geo.  Read, 
John  Dickinson, 
Jaco.  BroOxM, 
Gunning  Bedford,  Jr., 
Richard  Bassett. 

Maryland. 
James  M' Henry, 
Danl.  Carroll, 
Dan.  of  St.  Thos.  Jenifer. 


New  York. 
Alexander  Hamilton. 

New  Jersey. 
WiL.  Livingston, 
Wm.  Paterson, 
David  Brearley, 
JoNA.  Dayton. 


Virginia. 
John  Blair, 
James  Madison,  Jr. 

North  Carolina. 
Wm.  Blount, 
Hu.  Williamson, 
Rich'd  Dobbs  Spaight. 


Pennsylvania. 
B.  Franklin, 
Robt.  Morris, 
Thos.  Fitzsimons, 
James  Wilson, 
Thos.  Mifflin, 
Geo.  Clymer, 
Jared  Ingersoll, 
Gouv.  Morris. 


South  Carolina. 
J.  Rutledge, 
Charles  Pinckney, 
Chas.  Cotesworth  Pinckney, 
Pierce  Butler. 

Georgia. 
William  Few, 
Abr.  Baldwin. 

WILLIAM  JACKSON,  Secretary. 


AJSTD   ITS   AMENDMENTS.  203 


Articles  in  Addition  to  and  Amendatory  of  the  Constitution 
OF  THE  United  States  of  America. 

Proposed  hy  Congress  and  ratified  by  the  Legislatures  of  the  several  statei, 
pursuant  to  the  fifth  article  of  the  origiyial  Constitution. 

Article  I. 

Congress  shall  make  no  law  respecting  an  establishment  of  religion, 
or  prohibiting  the  free  exercise  thereof;  or  abridging  the  freedom  of 
speech,  or  of  the  press ;  or  the  right  of  the  people  peaceably  to  assemble, 
and  to  petition  the  Government  for  a  redress  of  grievances. 

Article  II. 

A  well  regulated  militia  being  necessary  to  the  security  of  a  free 
state,  the  right  of  the  people  to  keep  and  bear  arms  shall  not  be  infringed. 

Article  III. 

No  soldier  shall,  in  time  of  peace,  be  quartered  in  any  house  without 
the  consent  of  the  owner,  nor  in  time  of  war  but  in  a  manner  to  be  pre- 
scribed by  law. 

Article  IV. 

The  right  of  the  people  to  be  secure  in  their  persons,  houses,  papers, 
and  effects  against  unreasonable  searches  and  seizures,  shall  not  be  vio- 
lated ;  and  no  warrants  shall  issue  but  upon  probable  cause,  supported  by 
oath  or  affirmation,  and  particularly  describing  the  place  to  be  searched 
and  the  persons  or  things  to  be  seized. 

Article  V. 

No  person  shall  be  held  to  answer  for  a  capital  or  otherwise  infamous 
crime,  unless  on  a  presentment  or  indictment  of  a  Grand  Jury,  except  in 
cases  arising  in  the  land  or  naval  forces,  or  in  the  militia  when  in  actual 
service  in  time  of  war  or  public  danger ;  nor  shall  any  person  be  subject 
for  the  same  offense  to  be  twice  put  in  jeopardy  of  life  or  limb  ;  nor  shall 
be  compelled  in  any  criminal  case  to  be  a  witness  against  himself,  nor  be 
deprived  of  life,  liberty,  or  property,  without  due  process  of  law ;  nor 
shall  private  property  be  taken  for  public  use,  without  just  compensation. 

Article  VI. 

In  all  criminal  prosecutions,  the  accused  shall  enjoy  the  right  to  a 
speedy  and  public  trial,  by  an  impartial  jury  of  the  state  and  district 
wherein  the  crime  shall  have  been  committed,  which  district  shall  have 
been  previously  ascertained  by  law,  and  to  be  informed  of  the  nature  and 
cause  of  the  accusation  ;  to  be  confronted  with  the  witnesses  against  him ; 
to  have  compulsory  process  for  obtaining  witnesses  in  his  favor;  and  to 
have  the  assistance  of  counsel  for  his  defense. 

Article  VII. 

In  suits  at  common  law,  where  the  value  in  controversy  shall  exceed 
twenty  dollars,  the  riarht  of  trial  bv  lurv  shall  be  preserved,  and  no  fact 


204  CONSTITUTION  OF  THE   UNITED   STATES 

tried  by  a  jury  shall  be  otherwise  re-examined  in  any  court  of  the  United 
States  than  according  to  the  rules  of  the  common  law. 

Article  VIII. 

Excessive  bail  shall  not  be  required,  nor  excessive  fines  imposed, 
nor  cruel  and  unusual  punishments  inflicted. 

Article  IX. 

The  enumeration,  in  the  Constitution,  of  certain  rights,  shall  not  be 
construed  to  deny  or  disparage  others  retained  by  the  people. 

Article  X. 

The  powers  not  delegated  to  the  United  States  by  the  Constitution, 
nor  prohibited  by  it  to  the  states,  are  reserved  to  the  states  respectively, 
or  to  the  people. 

Article  XI. 

The  judicial  power  of  the  United  States  shall  not  be  construed  to 
extend  to  any  suit  in  law  or  equity  commenced  or  prosecuted  against  one 
of  the  United  States  by  citizens  of  another  state,  or  by  citizens  or  sub- 
jects of  any  foreign  state. 

Article  XII. 

The  Electors  shall  meet  in  their  respective  states  and  vote  by  ballot 
for  President  and  Vice-President,  one  of  whom,  at  least,  shall  not  be  an 
inhabitant  of  the  same  state  with  themselves ;  they  shall  name  in  their 
ballots  the  person  to  be  voted  for  as  president,  and  in  distinct  ballots  the 
person  voted  for  as  Vice-President,  and  they  shall  make  distinct  lists  of 
all  persons  voted  for  as  President,  and  of  all  persons  voted  for  as  Vice- 
President,  and  of  the  number  of  votes  for  each,  which  list  they  shall  sign 
and  certify,  and  transmit  sealed  to  the  seat  of  the  government  of  the  United 
States,  directed  to  the  President  of  the  Senate.  The  President  of  the 
Senate  shall,  in  presence  pf  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives, 
open  all  the  certificates,  and  the  votes  shall  then  be  counted.  The  person 
having  the  greatest  number  of  votes  for  President  shall  be  the  President, 
if  such  number  be  a  majority  of  the  whole  number  of  Electors  appointed  ; 
and  if  no  person  have  such  majorit3',*then  from  the  persons  having  the 
highest  number  not  exceeding  three  on  the  list  of  those  voted  for  as 
President,  the  House  of  Representatives  shall  choose  immediately,  by 
ballot,  the  President.  But  in  choosing  the  President,  the  votes  shall  be 
taken  by  States,  the  representation  from  each  state  having  one  vote;  a 
quorum  for  this  purpose  shall  consist  of  a  member  or  members  from  two- 
thirds  of  the  states,  and  a  majority  of  all  the  states  shall  be  necessary  to 
a  choice.  And  if  the  House  of  Representatives  shall  not  choose  a  Presi- 
dent whenever  the  right  of  choice  shall  devolve  upon  them,  before  the 
fourth  day  of  March  next  following,  then  the  Vice-President  shall  act  as 
President,  as  in  the  case  of  the  death  or  other  constitutional  disability  of 
the  President.  The  person  having  the  greatest  number  of  votes  as  Vice- 
President,  shall  be  the  Vice-President,  if  such  number  be  the  majority 
of  the  whole  number  of  electors  appointed,  and  if  no  person  have  a  majo]  -- 


(deceased)  ^ 

partridge:  TOWNSHIP 


AND  ITS  AMENDMENTS.  205 

ity,  then  from  the  two  highest  numbers  on  the  list,  the  Senate  shall  choose 
the  Vice-President  ;  a  quorum  for  the  purpose  shall  consist  of  two-thirds 
of  the  whole  number  of  Senators,  and  a  majority  of  the  whole  number 
shall  be  necessary  to  a  choice.  But  no  person  constitutionally  ineligible 
to  the  ofBce  of  President  shall  be  eligible  to  that  of  Vice-President  of  the 
United  States. 

Article  XIII. 

Section  1.  Neither  slavery  nor  involuntary  servitude,  except  as  a 
punishment  for  crime,  whereof  the  party  shall  have  been  duly  convicted, 
shall  exist  within  the  United  States,  or  any  place  subject  to  their  juris- 
diction. 

Sec.  2.  Congress  shall  have  power  to  enforce  this  article  by  appro- 
priate legislation. 

Article  XIV. 

Section  1.  All  persons  born  or  naturalized  in  tlie  United  States  and 
subject  to  the  jurisdiction  thereof,  are  citizens  of  the  United  States,  and 
of  the  state  wherein  they  reside.  No  state  shall  make  or  enforce  any  law 
which  shall  abridge  the  privileges  or  immunities  of  citizens  of  the  United 
States;  nor  shall  any  state  deprive  any  person  of  life,  liberty,  or  property, 
without  due  process  of  law,  nor  deny  to  any  person  within  its  jurisdiction 
the  equal  protection  of  the  laws. 

Sec.  2.  Representatives  shall  be  appointed  among  the  several  states 
according  to  their  respective  numbers,  counting  the  whole  number  of  per- 
sons in  each  state,  excluding  Indians  not  taxed ;  but  when  the  right  to 
vote  at  any  election  for  the  choice  of  Electors  for  President  and  Vice- 
President  of  the  United  States,  Representatives  in  Congress,  the  execu- 
tive and  judicial  officers  of  a  state,  or  the  members  of  the  Legislature 
thereof,  is  denied  to  any  of  the  male  inhabitants  of  such  state,  being 
twenty-one  years  of  age  and  citizens  of  the  United  States,  or  in  any  way 
abridged  except  for  participation  in  rebellion  or  other  crimes,  the  basis  of 
representation  therein  shall  be  reduced  in  the  proportion  which  the  num- 
ber of  such  male  citizens  shall  bear  to  the  whole  number  of  male  citizens 
twenty-one  years  of  age  in  such  state. 

Sec.  3.  No  person  shall  be  a  Senator  or  Representative  in  Congress, 
or  Elector  of  President  and  Vice-President,  or  hold  any  office,  civil  or 
military,  under  the  United  States,  or  under  any  state,  who,  having  previ- 
ously taken  an  oath  as  a  Member  of  Congress,  or  as  an  officer  of  the 
United  States,  or  as  a  member  of  any  state  Legislature,  or  as  an  execu- 
tive or  judicial  officer  of  any.  state  to  support  the  Constitution  of  the 
United  States,  shall  have  engaged  in  insurrection  or  rebellion  against  the 
same,  or  given  aid  or  comfort  to  the  enemies  thereof.  But  Congress  mav 
by  a  vote  of  two-thirds  of  each  house,  remove  such  disability. 

Sec.  4.  The  validity  of  the  public  debt  of  the  United  States  author- 
ized by  law,  including  debts  incurred  for  payment  of  pensions  and  boun- 
ties for  services  in  suppressing  insurrection  or  rebellion,  shall  not  be  ques- 
tioned. But  neither  the  United  States  nor  any  state  shall  pay  any  debt 
or  obligation  incurred  in  the  aid  of  insurrection  or  rebellion  against  the 
United  States,  or  any  loss  or  emancipation  of  any  slave,  but  such  debts, 
obligations,  and  claims  shall  be  held  illegal  and  void. 


206 


CONSTITUTION   OF   THE   UNITED   STATES. 


Sec.  5.  The  Congress  shall  have  power  to  enforce,  by  appropriate 
legislation,  the  provisions  of  this  act. 

Article  XV. 

Section  1.  The  right  of  citizens  of  the  United  States  to  vote  shall 
not  be  denied  or  abridged  by  the  United  States,  or  by  any  state,  on 
account  of  race,  color,  or  previous  condition  of  servitude. 

Sec.  2.  Congress  shall  have  power  to  enforce  this  article  by  appro- 
priate legislation. 


ELECTORS  OF  PRESIDENT  AND  VICE-PRESIDENT. 

November  7,  1876. 


COUNTIES. 

Haves     and 

Wheeler, 
Republican. 

'"  ^  n 

-B  ° 

S  3  2 

c  — 

03 

|5 

-  ? 

■2c^ 

0  !J 

il 

1  0 

COUNTIES. 

Hayes     and 

Wheeler, 
Republican. 

Tilden     and 
Hendrick.s, 
Democrat. 

PeterCooper 
Greenback. 

5 

■~  a; 
■< 

Adams  

4953 
1219 
1520 
1965 

944 
3719 

441 
2231 
1209 
4530 
2501 
1814 
1416 
1329 
2957 
36548 
1355 
1145 
3679 
1928 
1631 
2129 
2715 

970 
1145 
1881 
1601 

966 
4187 

703 
1695 
1996 

627 
3496 

330 
1315 
4177 
3768 
2040 

6308 
1280 
1142 

363 
1495 
2218 

900 

918 
1618 
3103 
3287 
2197 
1541 
1989 
2822 
39240 
1643 
1407 
1413 
1174 
1.357 
1276 
2883 

466 
2265 
2421 

742 
1302 
4669 
1140 
3160 
1142 
1433 
4207 

611 
1015 
1928 
2578 
2071 

41 

17 

Livingston 

3550 
2788 
3120 
3567 
4554 
2009 
1553 
1566 
1231 
2952 
3465 
6363 
1115 
2209 

845 
2486 
3069 
1245 
3833 
4665 
1319 
1541 
1807 
3055 
1043 

646 
2357 
1410 
3912 

980 
4851 
1522 

910 
2069 
1140 
4708 
3198 
2850 

978 
4372 

650 
2795 
1911 
1570 
1297 
3851 
4770 
1672 
4505 
1733 

2134 
2595 
2782 
4076 
4730 
2444 
1430 
1939 

793 
2811 
1874 
4410 
1657 
1428 
1651 
3013 
3174 
1672 
1921 
5443 

800 
1383 
1316 
4040 

772 

459 
2589 
1552 
2838 
1081 
5847 
1804 
1269 
3553 

786 
5891 
2758 
3171 
2155 
3031 

936 
1984 
1671 
1751 
2066 
2131 
3999 
1644 
1568 
2105 

1170 

37 

268 

114 

39 

209 

135 

86 

20 

347 

34 

518 

10 

90 

201 
109 

28 
104 

95 
5 

48 
117 

35 

16 

""i 
"3 

"8 

•i 

Alexander 

Logan 

Bond 

17 

43 

183 

145 

"2 

1 
2 



li 

Macon 

Boone 

Macoupin 

Madison 

Brown 

Bureau  

Marion 

Calhoun 

Marshall . .  

I 

Carroll     .  . 

111 

74 

604 

207 

236 

112 

132 

102 

277 

38 

129 

65 

746 

94 

25 

161 

61 

43 

57 

204 

391 

89 

282 

1 

108 

770 

1 
7 

'■'i 
16 

"2 

3 
"i 

6 

9 
■■3 

3 
■'8 

"i 
•■4 

Mason  

Cass 

Massac 

McDonougli 

Champaign 

McHenry 

•} 

Clark 

McLean 

7 

Clay   

Menard 

Mercer 

3 

Coles 

Monroe 

Cook  

Montgomery 

Crawford 

Morgan 

5 

Cumberland 

Moultrie 

DeKalb 

Ogle 

0 

DeWitt     . 

Peoria 

' 

Douglas 

Pone 

'"i 

DuPage 

Perry 

Edgar 

Piatt 

Edwards 

Pike 

4 

Effingham 

Pulaski 

FavpJte 

Putnam 

14 
2 

55 

27 

641 

29 

115 

182 

341 

96 

99 

26 

44 

3 

288 

207 

138 

39 

482 

469 

133 

677 

41 

70 

237 

Foru 

R.andolph 

Frnriklin 

Richland 

Fulton 

Rock  Island 

Gallatin 

Saline 

Greene 

Sangamon 

Schuyler 

Scott 

Grundv  

"2 

1.3 

1 

Hancock    

Shelby 

Stark 

Hardin 

134 
1 
340 
249 
106 

"a 

14 

"6 

1 

Henderson  

St.  Clair  

1 

Henrv 

Stephenson 

3 

Iroquois 

Tazewell 

Union 

9 

Jackson 

Jasper ... 

9 

Jetf  erson 

1346 
1345 
2907 
1367 
5398 
2627 
1869 
5235 
2619 
6277 
1198 
3087 

1667 
2166 
2276 

893 
2850 
1363 

524 
2632 
1647 
6001 
1329 
2080 

647 

■■■146 

61 
172 

26 
309 
141 

55 
514 

27 
100 

12 
2 

"■2 

■■■3 

"5 
2 

■■'i 
1 

15 

Wabash 

Jersey 

Warren 

1 

Jo  Daviess 

Johnson  

Kane 

Wayne 

White 

Whiteside 

"4 

1 

Kendall 

Will   

Knox 

Williamson 

Winnebago 

9 

LaSalle      

Woodford 

4 

Total 

275958 

257099 

16951  l.'ioll.'i? 

Practical   Rules  for  Every   Day   Use. 


Soiv  to  find  the  gain  or  loss  per  cent,  when  the  cost  and  selling  py'ice 
are  given. 

Rule. — Find  the  difference  between  the  cost  and  selling  price,  which 
will  be  the  gain  or  loss. 

Annex  two  ciphers  to  the  gain  or  loss,  and  divide  it  by  the  cost 
price  ;  the  result  will  be  the  gain  or  loss  per  cent. 

Hoiv  to  change  gold  into  currency. 

Rule. — Multiply  the  given  sura  of  gold  by  the  price  of  gold. 

Hoiv  to  change  currency  into  gold. 

Divide  the  amount  in  currency  by  the  price  of  gold. 

Hoiv  to  find  each  partner's  share  of  the  gain  or  loss  in  a  copartnership 
business. 

Rule. — Divide  the  whole  gain  or  loss  by  the  entire  stock,  the  quo- 
tient will  be  the  gain  or  loss  per  cent. 

Multipl}^  each  partner's  stock  by  this  per  cent.,  the  result  will  be 
each  one's  share  of  the  gain  or  loss. 

Hoiv  to  find  gross  and  net  weight  and  price  of  hogs. 

A  short  and  simple  method  for  finding  the  net  weight.,  or  price  of  hogs, 
when  the  gross  iveight  or  price  is  given,  and  vice  versa. 

Note.— It  is  generally  assumed  that  the  gross  weight  of  Hogs  diminished  by  1-5  or  20  per  cent. 
of  itself  gives  the  net  weight,  and  the  net  weight  increased  by  K  or  25  per  cent,  of  itself  equals  the 
Rross  weiglit. 

To  find  the  net  iveight  or  gross  price.  «  * 

Multiply  the  given  number  by  .8  (tenths.) 

To  find  the  gross  iveight  or  net  price. 

Divide  the  given  number  by  .8  (tenths.) 

How  to  find  the  capacity  of  a  granary,  bin,  or  wagon-bed. 

Rule. — Multiply  (by  short  method)  the  number  of  cubic  feet  by 
6308,  and  point  off  one  decimal  place — the  result  will  be  the  correct 
answer  in  bushels  and  tenths  of  a  bushel. 

For  only  an  app)roximate  answer,  multiply  the  cubic  feet  by  8,  and 
point  off  one  decimal  place. 

Hoiv  to  find  the  contents  of  a  corn-crib. 

Rule. — Multiply  the  number  of  cubic  feet  by  54,  short  method,  or 

(207) 


208  MISCELLANEOUS   INFORMATION. 

by  4§  ordinary  method,  and  point  off  one  decimal  place — the  result  will 
be  the  answer  in  bushels. 

Note.— In  estlraating  corn  in  the  ear,  the  quality  and  the  time  it  has  been  cribbed,  must  be  taken 
into  consideration,  since  corn  will  shrinls  considerably  during  the  Winter  and  Spring.  This  rule  generally  holds 
good  for  corn  measured  at  the  time  it  is  cribbed,  provided  it  is  sound  and  clean. 

Hoiv  to  find  the  contents  of  a  cistern  or  tank. 

Rule. — Multiply  the  square  of  the  mean  diameter  by  the  depth  (all 
in  feet)  and  this  product  by  5681  (short  method),  and  point  off"  one 
decimal  place — the  result  will  be  the  contents  in  barrels  of  31^  gallons. 

How  to  find  the  contents  of  a  barrel  or  cask. 

Rule. — Under  the  square  of  the  mean  diameter,  write  the  length 
(all  in  inches)  in  reversed  order,  so  that  its  units  will  fall  under  the 
TENS ;  multiply  by  short  method,  and  this  product  again  by  430  ;  point 
off  one  decimal  place,  and  the  result  will  be  the  answer  in  wine  gallons. 

Jloiv  to  measure  boards. 

Rule. — Multiply  the  length  (in  feet)  by  the  width  (in  inches)  and 
divide  the  product  by  12 — the  result  will  be  the  contents  in  square  feet. 

IToiv  to  measure  scantlings,  joists,  planks,  sills,  etc. 

Rule. — Multiply  the  width,  the  thickness,  and  the  length  together 
(the  width  and  thickness  in  inches,  and  the  length  in  feet),  and  divide 
the  product  by  12 — the  result  will  be  square  feet. 

Soiv  to  find  the  number  of  acres  in  a  body  of  land. 

Rule. — Multiply  the  length  by  the  width  (in  rods),  and  divide  the 
product  by  160  (carrying  the  division  to  2  decimal  places  if  there  is  a 
remainder)  ;  the  result  will  be  the  answer  in  acres  and  hundredths. 

When  the  opposite  sides  of  a  piece  of  land  are  of  unequal  length, 
add  them  together  and  take  one-half  for  the  mean  length  or  width. 

Hoiv  to  find  the  number  of  square  yards  in  a  floor  or  ivall. 

Rule. — Multiply  the  length  by  the  width  or  height  (in  feet),  and 
divide  the  product  by  9,  the  result  will  be  square  yards. 

Hoiv  to  find  the  number  of  bricks  required  in  a  building. 

Rule. — Multiply  the  number  of  cubic  feet  by  22^.  ■  • 

The  number  of  cubic  feet  is  found  by  multiplying  the  length,  height 
and  thickness  (in  feet)  together. 

Bricks  are  usually  made  8  inches  long,  4  inches  wide,  and  two  inches 
thick  ;  hence,  it  requires  27  bricks  to  make  a  cubic  foot  without  mortar, 
but  it  is  generally  assumed  that  the  mortar  fills  1-6  of  the  space. 

Hoiu  to  find  the  number  of  shingles  required  in  a  roof. 

Rule. — Multiply  the  number  of  square  feet  in  the  roof  by  8,  if  the 
shingles  are  exposed  4^  inches,  or  by  7  1-5  if  exposed  5  inches. 

To  find  the  number  of  square  feet,  multiply  the  length  of  the  roof  by 
twice  the  length  of  the  rafters. 


MISCELLANEOUS    INFORMATION.  209 

To  find  the  length  of  the  rafters,  at  one-fourth  pitch,  multiply  the 
width  of  the  building  by  .56  (hundredths) ;  at  one-third  pitch,  by  .6 
(tenths)  ;  at  two-fifths  pitch,  by  .64  (hundredths)  ;  at  one-half 
pitch,  by  .71  (hundredths).  This  gives  the  length  of  the  rafters  from 
the  apex  to  the  end  of  the  wall,  and  whatever  they  are  to  project  must  be 
taken  into  consideration. 

Note.— By  K  or  M  pitch  is  meant  that  the  apex  or  comb  of  the  roof  is  to  be  Ji  or  J^  the  width  of  the 
building  liigrher  than  the  walls  or  base  of  the  rafters. 

ffoiv  to  reckon  the  cost  of  hay. 

Rule. — Multiply  the  number  of  pounds  by  half  the  price  per  ton, 
and  remove  the  decimal  point  three  places  to  the  left. 

How  to  measure  grain. 

Rule. — Level  the  grain ;  ascertain  the  space  it  occupies  in  cubic 
feet ;  multiply  the  number  of  cubic  feet  by  8,  and  point  off  one  place  to 
the  left. 

Note.— Exactness  requires  the  addition  to  every  three  hundred  bushels  of  one  extra  bushel. 

The  foregoing  rule  may  be  used  for  finding  the  number  of  gallons,  by 
multiplying  the  number  of  bushels  by  8. 

If  the  corn  in  the  box  is  in  the  ear,  divide  the  answer  by  2,  to  find 
the  number  of  bushels  of  shelled  corn,  because  it  requires  2  bushels  of  eai 
corn  to  make  1  of  shelled  corn. 

Rapid  rules  for  measuring  land  ivithout  instruments. 

In  measuring  land,  the  first  thing  to  ascertain  is  the  contents  of  any 
given  plot  in  square  3^ards  ;  then,  given  the  number  of  yards,  find  out  the 
number  of  rods  and  acres. 

The  most  ancient  and  simplest  measure  of  distance  is  a  step.  Now, 
an  ordinary-sized  man  can  train  himself  to  cover  one  yard  at  a  stride,  on 
the  average,  with  sufficient  accuracy  for  ordinary  purposes. 

To  make  use  of  this  means  of  measuring  distances,  it  is  essential  to 
walk  in  a  straight  line  ;  to  do  this,  fix  the  eye  on  two  objects  in  a  line 
straight  ahead,  one  comparatively  near,  the  other  remote  ;  and,  in  walk- 
ing, keep  these  objects  constantly  in  line. 

Farmers  and  others  hy  adopting  the  folloiving  simple  and  iiigenious  con- 
trivance., may  ahvays  carry  loith  them  the  scale  to  construct  a  correct  yard 
measure. 

Take  a  foot  rule,  and  commencing  at  the  base  of  the  little  finger  of 
the  ^ft  hand,  mark  the  quarters  of  the  foot  on  the  outer  borders  of  the 
left  arm,  pricking  in  the  marks  with  indelible  ink. 

To  find  hoiv  many  rods  in  length  will  make  an  acre.,  the  width  being  given. 
Rule. — Divide  160  by  the  width,  and  the  quotient  will  be  the  answer. 


210  MISCELLANEOUS   INFORMATION. 

Holo  to  find  the  number  of  acres  in  any  plot  of  land,  the  number  of  rods 
being  given. 

Rule. — Divide  the  number  of  rods  by  8,  multiply  the  quotient  by  5, 

and  remove  the  decimal  point  two  places  to  the  left. 

The  diameter  being  given,  to  find  the  circumference. 
Rule. — Multiply  the  diameter  by  3  1-7. 

How  to  find  the  diameter,  lohen  the  circumference  is  given. 
Rule. — Divide  the  circumference  by  3  1-7. 

To  find  hotv  many  solid  feet  a  round  stick  of  timber  of  the  same  thick- 
ness throughout  will  contain  when  squared. 

Rule. — Square  half  the  diameter  in  inches,  multiply  by  2,  multiply 
by  the  length  in  feet,  and  divide  the  product  by  144. 

General  7'ule  for  measuring  timber,  to  find  the  solid  contents  in  feet. 
Rule. — Multiply  the  depth  in  inches  by  the  breadth  in  inches,  and 
then  multiply  by  the  length  in  feet,  and  divide  by  144. 

To  find  the  number  of  feet  of  timber  in  trees  with  the  bark  on. 

Rule. — Multiply  the  square  of  one-fifth  of  the  circumference  in 
inches,  by  twice  the  length,  in  feet,  and  divide  by  ]'-44.  Deduct  1-10  to 
1-15  according  to  the  thickness  of  the  bark. 

Hoivard' s  neiv  rule  for  computi^ig  interest. 

Rule. — The  reciprocal  of  the  rate  is  the  time  for  which  the  interest 
on  any  sum  of  money  will  be  shown  by  simply  removing  the  decimal 
point  two  places  to  the  left ;  for  ten  times  that  time,  remove  the  point 
one  place  to  the  left ;  for  1-10  of  the  same  time,  remove  the  point  three 
places  to  the  left. 

Increase  or  diminish  the  results  to  suit  the  time  given. 

Note.— The  reciprocal  of  the  rate  is  found  by  inverting  the  rate  ;  thus  3  per  cent,  per  month,  in- 
Terted,  becomes  %  of  a  month,  or  10  days. 

When  the  rate  is  expressed  by  one  figure,  always  write  it  thus :  3-1, 
three  ones. 

Rule  for  converting  English  into  American  currency. 

Multiply  the  pounds,  with  the  shillings  and  pence  stated  in  decimals, 
by  400  plus  the  premium  in  fourths,  and  divide  the  product  by  90. 

U.  S.  GOVERNMENT  LAND  MEASURE. 

A  township — 36  sections  each  a  mile  square. 
A  section — 640  acres. 

A  quarter  section,  half  a  mile  square — 160  acres. 
An  eighth  section,  half  a  mile  long,  north  and  south,  and  a  quarter 
of  a  mile  wide — 80  acres. 

A  sixteenth  section,  a  quarter  of  a  mile  square — 40  acres. 


MISCELLANEOUS    INFORMATION.  211 

The  sections  are  all  numbered  1  to  36,  commencing  at  the  north-east 
corner. 

The  sections  are  divided  into  quarters,  which  are  named  by  the 
cardinal  points.  The  quarters  are  divided  in  the  same  way.  The  de- 
scription of  a  forty  acre  lot  would  read :  The  south  half  of  the  west  half  of 
the  south-west  quarter  of  section  1  in  township  24,  north  of  range  7  west, 
or  as  the  case  might  be  ;  and  sometimes  will  fall  short  and  sometimes 
overrun  the  number  of  acres  it  is  supposed  to  contain. 

The  nautical  mile  is  795  4-5  feet  longer  than  the  common  mile. 


^&' 


SURVEYORS'  MEASURE. 

7  92-100  inches make  1  link. 

25  links "     1  rod. 

4rods "     1  chain. 

80  chains "     1  mile. 

Note. — A  chain  is  100  links,  equal  to  4  rods  or  66  feet. 

Shoemakers  formerly  used  a  subdivision  of  the  inch  called  a  barley- 
corn ;  three  of  which  made  an  inch. 

Horses  are  measured  directly  over  the  fore  feet,  and  the  standard  of 
measure  is  four  inches — called  a  hand. 

In  Biblical  and  other  old  measurements,  the  term  span  is  sometimes 
used,  which  is  a  ler.gth  of  nine  inches. 

The  sacred  cubit  of  the  Jews  was  24.024  inches  in  length. 

The  common  cubit  of  the  Jews  was  21.704  inches  in  length. 

A  pace  is  equal  to  a  yard  or  36  inches. 

A  fathom  is  equal  to  6  feet. 

A  league  is  three  miles,  but  its  length  is  variable,  for  it  is  strictly 
speaking  a  nautical  term,  and  should  be  three  geographical  miles,  equal 
to  3.45  statute  miles,  but  when  used  on  land,  three  statute  miles  are  said 
to  be  a  league. 

In  cloth  measure  an  aune  is  equal   to  li  yards,  or  45  inches. 

An  Amsterdam  ell  is  equal  to  26.796  inches. 

A  Trieste  ell  is  equal  to  25.284  inches. 

A  Brabant  ell  is  equal  to  27.116  inches. 

HOW  TO  KEEP  ACCOUNTS. 

Every  farmer  and  mechanic,  whether  he  does  much  or  little  business, 
should  keep  a  record  of  his  transactions  in  a  clear  and  systematic  man- 
ner. For  the  benefit  of  those  who  have  not  had  the  opportunity  of  ac- 
quiring a  primary  knowledge  of  the  principles  of  book-keeping,  we  here 
present  a  simple  form  of  keeping  accounts  which  is  easily  comprehended, 
and  well  adapted  to  record  the  business  transactions  of  farmers,  mechanics 
and  laborers. 


212 


MISCELLANEOUS    INFORMATION. 


1875. 


A.  H.  JACKSON. 


Dr. 


Jan.      lOlTo 


i(. 

17 

By 

Feb. 

4 

'lo 

u 

4 

To 

March 

8 

Bv 

u 

8 

By 

ii 

13 

By 

li 

27 

To 

April 

0 

To 

'' 

0 

By 

May 

G 

By 

(( 

24 

To 

.Fulv 

4 

Bv 

7  bushels  Wheat at  $1.25 

shoeing  span  of  Horses 

14  bushels  Oats at  $  .45 

5  lbs.  Butter at       .25 

new   Harrow 

sharpening  2   Plows 

new  Double-Tree _ 

Cow  and  Calf 

half  ton  of  Hay 

Cash 

repairing  Corn-Planter 

one  Sow  with  Pigs 

Cash,  to  balance  account 


$s 

75 

$2 

6 

30 

1 

25 

18 

/<0 

48 

00 

6 

25 

1 

1     25 
4 

17 

50 

35 

188 

05 

888 

50 


00 
40 


00 

iO 

15 
05 


187o. 


CASS  A    MASON. 


!>:• 


Cr. 


March  21 

By  3  days'  labor .. 

.    .          at  $1.25 

m 

8 

10 

2 
2 

20 

18 

00 
10 

00 

75 
70 

00 
20 

$3 

25 

12 

18 
9 

$67 

75 

"     21 

"      23 

May        1 

"           1 

To  2  Shoats 

To  18  bushels   Corn 

By  1  month's  Labor 

at    3.00 

at      .45 

00 

To    Cash                             -      _    _    - 

June     19 

By  8  days'  Mowing . 

at  *1.50 

00 

26 

To  50  lbs.  Flour ... 

July      10 
29 

Aug.     12 
12 

To  27  lbs.  Meat 

By  9  days'   Harvesting 

Bv  <j  davs'  Labor 

To   Cash . 

at  $  .10 

at    2.00 

at    1.50 

00 

00 

Sept.      1 

To  Cash  to  balance  account 

#67 

75 

75 

INTEREST  TABLE. 


A  Si.MPLK  Ru'Lii  voii  AccuRAxaLr  CosiPUTiNG    Interest   at  Axv  Give.v  Pkii  Cent,  for  Any 

Length  op  Time. 


byth 
and 


Multiply  the  principal  (amount  of  money  at  interest)  by  the  time 
the  quotifnJ  obtained  by  dividing  360  (the  numljer  of  days  in  the 
Ithe  quotient  thus  nhtni'nerl  will  be  the  required  interest. 


ILLUSTRATION. 


time  reduced  to  days;  then  divide  this  product 
*■'"  "nterest  year)  liy  the  per  cent,  of  interest, 

Solution. 


Requiietheiiiterestof  S462.50for  one  month  and  eiRhteen  days  at  6  per  cent.    An  $463.50 

interest  mouth  is  30  davs;  one  month  and  eiKbreen  days  efjual  48  days.    $4b-.J.50  multi-  .48 

plied  bv  .48  ffives  $222  0000;  360  divided  bv  6  (the  per  cent,  of  interest)  gives  60,  and  — 

$222.0600aividedby  60  will  give  vou  the  exact  interest,  which  is  $.3.70.     If  the  rav  of  370000 

interest  in  the  above  example  were  12  per  cent.,  we  would  divide  the  3222.0000  by  30  6)360  i     185000 

(because  360  <livided  l)v  12  gives  30);  if  4  per  cent.,  we  would  divide   by  90;  if  8  per 

cent.,  by  45;  and  in  like  manner  for  any  other  per  cent.  60y$222.0000($3.70 

180 

420 
420 

"oo 


MISCELLANEOUS  TABLE. 


12  units,  or  things,  1  Dozen. 
12  dozen,  1  (iross. 
nothings,  1  .Score. 


196  pounds,  1  Barrel  of  Flour. 

200  pounds.  1  Barrel  of  Porii. 

56  pounds,  1  Firkin  of  Butter. 


24  sheets  of  paper,  1  Quire. 

20  quires  paper  1  Ream. 

4  ft.  wide,  4  ft.  high,  and  8  ft.  long. 


1  Cord  Wood. 


MISCELLANEOUS    INFORMATION.  213 

NAMES  OF  THE  STATES  OF  THE  UNION,  AND  THEIR  SIGNIFICATIONS. 

Virginia. — The  oldest  of  the  States,  was  so  called  in  honor  of  Queen 
Elizabeth,  the  "Virgin  Queen,"  in  whose  reign  Sir  Walter  Raleigh  made 
his  first  attempt  to  colonize  that  region. 

Florida. — Ponce  de  Leon  landed  on  the  coast  of  Florida  on  Easter 
Sunday,  and  called  the  country  in  commemoration  of  the  day,  which  was 
the  Pasqua  Florida  of  the  Spaniards,  or  "  Feast  of  Flowers." 

Louisiana  was  called  after  Louis   the   Fourteenth,  who  at  one  time 

owned  that  section  of  the  country. 

Alabama  was  so  named  by  the  Indians,  and  signifies  '•  Here  we  Rest." 
3Iissis8ippi  is  likewise  an  Indian  name,  meaning  "  Long  River." 
Arkansas,   from  Kansas,   the  Indian  word   for  "  smoky  water."     Its 

prefix  was  really  arc,  the  French  word  for  "  bow." 

The  Carolinas  were  originally  one  tract,  and  were  called  "Carolana," 

after  Charles  the  Ninth  of  France. 

Gieorgia  owes  its  name  to   George  the  Second  of  England,  who  first 

established  a  colony  there  in  1732. 

Te7inessee  is  the  Indian  name  for  the  "  River  of  the  Bend,"  i.  e.,  the 
Mississippi  which  forms  its  western  boundary. 

Kentucky  is  the  Indian  name  for  "  at  the  head  of  the  river." 

Ohio  means  "  beautiful ;  "  loioa,  "  drowsy  ones  ;  "  Minnesota,  "  cloudy 
water,"  and  Wisconsin,  "  wild-rushing  channel." 

Illinois  is  derived  from  the  Indian  word  illini,  men,  and  the  French 
suffix  ois,  together  signifying  "tribe  of  men." 

Michigan  was  called  by  the  name  given  the  lake,  fish-iveir,  which  was 
so  styled  from  its  fancied  resemblance  to  a  fish  traj). 

Missouri  is  from  the  Indian  word  "  muddy,"  which  more  properly 
applies  to  the  river  that  flows  through  it. 

Oregon  owes  its  Indian  name  also  to  its  principal  river. 

Cortes  named  California. 

Massachusetts!^  the  Indian  for  "The  country  around  the  great  hills." 

Connecticut,  from  the  Indian  Quon-ch-ta-Cut,  signifying  "Long 
River." 

Margland,  after  Henrietta  Maria,  Queen  of  Charles  the  First,  of 
England. 

JVew  York  was  named  by  the  Duke  of  York. 

Pennsylvania  means  "  Penu's  woods,"  and  was  so  called  after  Williarp, 
Penn,  its  orignal  owner. 


214 


MISCELLANEOUS   INFORMATION. 


Delaware  after  Lord  De  La  Ware. 

Nciv  Jersey^  so  called  in  honor  of  Sir  George  Carteret,  who  was 
Governor  of  the  Island  of  Jersey,  in  the  British  Channel. 

Maine  was  called  after  the  province  of  Maine  in  France,  in  compli- 
ment of  Queen  Henrietta  of  England,  who  owned  that  province. 

Vennont,  from  the  French  word  Vert  Mont,  signifying  Green 
Mountain. 

Neiv  Hampshire,  from  Hampshire  county  in  England.  It  was 
formerly  called  Laconia. 

The  little  State  of  Rhode  Island  owes  its  name  to  the  Island  of 
Rhodes  in  the  Mediterranean,  which  domain  it  is  said  to  greatly 
resemble. 

Texas  is  the  American  word  for  the  Mexican  name  by  which  all  that 
section  of  the  country  was  called  before  it  was  ceded  to  the  United  States. 


POPULATION  OF  THE 
UNITED  STATES. 


States  and  Territories. 


Alaliuuia 

Ark;iiisas 

California 

Connecticut 

Delaware 

Florida 

Georgia 

illinois 

Indiana 

Iowa 

Kansas 

Kentucky 

Louisiana 

Maine 

Maryland 

Massachusetts • 

Michigan 

Minnesota 

Mississippi 

Missouri 

Nebraska 

Nevada 

New  Hampshire. . . 

New  Jersey 

New  York 

North  Carolina .... 

Ohio.  .. 

Oregon 

Pennsylvania 

Rhode  Island 

South  Carolina 

Tennessee 

Texas 

Vermont 

Virginia 

West  Virginia 

Wisconsin 


Total  States. 


Arizona 

Colorada 

Dakota 

District  of  Columbia. 

Idaho   

Montana 

New  Mexico 

rtah 

Washington  

Wyoming 


Total  Territories 

Total  United  States 


Total 
Population. 


996.992 
484.471 
560,247 
537,454 
125,015 
187.748 
184,109 
539,891 
680.637 
191,792 
364,399 
,321,011 
726,915 
626,915 
780,894 
457,351 
184,059 
439.706 
827,922 
721,295 
122,993 

42.491 
318.300 
906.096 
,382.759 
071,361 
66,5.260 

90,923 
521,791 
217.353 
705,606 
258,520 
818.579 
330.551 
225.163 
442.014 
054,670 


38.11.3,253 


9,658 
39,864 
14,181 
131.700 
14,999 
20,595 
91,874 
86.786 
23.955 
9.118 

442,730 


POPULATION  OF  FIFTY 
PRINCIPAL  CITIES. 


Cities. 


1  Aggregate 
Population. 


38.555,983 


New  York,  N.  Y.... 
Philadelphia,  Pa... 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

St.  Louis,  Mo 

Cliicago,  111 

Baltimore,  Md 

Boston,  Mass 

Cincinnati,  Ohio... 
New  Orleans,  La.  . 
San  Francisco,  cal. 

Buffalo,  N.  Y 

Washington,  D.  C. . 

Newark,  N.  J 

Louisville,  Ky 

Cleveland,  Ohio 

Pittsburg,  Pa 

Jersey  City,  N.  J  .. 

Detroit,  Mich 

Milwaukee,  Wis... 

All>any,  N.  Y 

Providence,  K.  I... 

Rochester,  N.  Y 

Allegheny,  Pa. 

Richmond,  Va 

New  Haven,  Conn. 
Chirleston,  S.  C... 
Indianapolis,  Ind.. 

Troy,  N.  Y 

Syracuse,  N.  Y 

Worcester,  Mass... 

Lowell,  Mass 

Memphis,  Tenn 

Cambridge,  Mass.. 

Hartford,  Conn 

Scranton,  Pa 

Reading,  Pa 

Paterson,  N.  J 

Kansas  City,  Mo... 

Mobile,  Ala 

Toledo.  Ohio 

Portland.  Me 

Columl)U.s.  Ohio 

Wilmington.  Del... 

Dayton,  Ohio 

Lawrence.  Mass 

Utica,  N.  Y 

Charlestown,  Mass 

Savannah,  Ga 

Lynn.  Mass 

Fall  River,  Mass... 


942, 

674, 

396, 

310. 

298. 

267, 

250. 

216, 

191, 

149. 

117, 

109, 

105, 

100. 

92, 

86, 

82. 

79. 

71, 

69, 

68, 

62 

53 

51 

50, 

48 

48, 

46, 

43, 

41. 

40 

40 

39, 

37, 

35, 

33 

3.3, 

32 

32 

31, 

31, 

31 

30. 

30. 

28, 

28. 

28, 

28, 

28, 

26 


292 
022 
099 
864 
977 
354 
526 
239 
418 
473 
714 
199 
059 
753 
829 
076 
546 
577 
440 
423 
904 
386 
180 
038 
840 
956 
244 
465 
051 
105 
928 
226 
634 
180 
092 
930 
579 
260 
034 
584 
413 
274 
841 
473 
921 
804 
323 
235 
233 
766 


MISCELLANEOUS    INFORMATION. 


21a 


POPULATION  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES. 


States  and 
Territouiks. 


Staffs. 

Alabama 

Arkansas..  

California 

Connecticut 

Delaware 

Florida 

Georgia 

Illinois 

Indiana 

Iowa 

Kansas 

Kentucky 

Louisiana 

Maine 

Maryland 

Massachusetts... 

Michigan* 

Minnesota 

Mississippi 

Missouri 

Nebraska 

Nevada 

New  Hampshire. 

New  Jersey 

New  York 

North  Carolina.. 

Ohio 

Oregon 


50, 
52, 

188, 
4 

59^ 
58, 
55, 
33, 
55, 
81, 
37, 
41, 
31, 
11, 

56! 
83, 
47, 
65, 
75, 
ll:i, 
9, 
8, 
47, 
50, 
39, 
95, 
»  Last  Census  of 


Area  in 
s<iuare 
Miles. 


198 
981 
.674 
120 
268 
000 
410 
,809 
045 
,318 
600 
,346 
,776 
184 
800 
,451 
531 
,156 
,350 
,995 
,090 
,280 
,320 
000 
,704 
,964 
244 


POPULATIOX. 


1870. 


996, 
484. 
560, 
537, 
125, 
187, 
1,184, 
2,539, 
1,680, 
1.191. 
364, 
1,321, 
726, 
626, 
780, 
1,457, 
1,184, 
439, 
827, 
1,721, 
123, 
42, 
318. 
906, 
4,382, 
1,071. 
2,665, 
90, 
Michigan 


1875. 


1,350,544 
528,349 


857,039 


1,651,912 

1,334,031 

598,429 


246.280 
52,540 


1,026,502 
4,705,208 


992 
471 
247 
454 
015 
748 
109 
891 
637 
792 
399 
Oil 
915 
915 
894 
351 
059 
706 
922 
295 
993 
491 
300 
096 
59 
361 
260 
923 
taken  in  1874. 


Miles 
R.  R. 

1872. 


671 
25 
013 
820 
227 
466 
108 
904 
529 
ItiO 
760 
123 
539 
871 
820 
606 
235 
612 
990 
580 
828 
593 
790 
265 
470 
190 
740 
lo9 


States  and 
Territories. 


Stales. 

Pennsylvania 

Rhode  Island 

South  Carolina... 

Tennessee 

Texas 

Vermont 

AMrginia 

West  Virginia 

AVisconsin 


Total  States. 


Territories. 

Arizona 

Colorado 

Dakota 

Dist.  of  Columbia. 

Idaho 

Montana 

New  Mexico 

Utah 

Washington 

Wyoming 


Total  Territories. 


Area  in 
square 
Mih 


lies. 


46,000 
1,306 
29,385 
45,600 
237,504 
10,212 
40,904 
23,000 
53,924 


1,950,171 


113,916 

104,500 

147,490 

60 

90,9.32 

143.776 

121,201 

80,056 

69,944 

93,107 


965,032 


PoprLATioy 


1870. 


3,521, 
217, 
705, 

1,2.58 
818, 
330, 

1,225, 
442. 

1,054. 


791 
353 
606 
520 
579 
551 
163 
014 
670 


38,113,253 


9,6.58 
39,864 
14,181 
131.700 
14,999 
20,595 
91,874 
86,786 
23,955 

9,118 


442,730 


187 


258,239 
925,145 


1,236,729 


Miles" 
R.  R. 

1872. 


5,113 

136 

1.201 

1,520 

865 

675 

1,490 

•485 

1,725 


59,587 


393 


375 
■498 


1,365 


Aggregate  of  U.  S..  2,915,203  38,555,983  60.853, 

•  Included  in  the  Railroad  Mileage  of  Maryland. 


PRINCIPAL  COUNTRIES  OF  THE  WORLD 
Population  and  Area. 


Countries. 


Population. 


China 

British  Kmpire 

Russia 

United  States  with  Alaska 

France 

Austria  and  Hungary 

Japan 

Great  Britain  and  Ireland 

German  Empire 

Italy  

Spain 

Brazil 

Turkey 

Mexico 

Sweden  and  Norway 

Persia 

Belgium 

Bavaria 

Portugal 

Holland 

iV  ew  Grenada 

Chili 

Switzerland 

Peru 

Bolivia 

Argentine  Republic 

Wurteniburg 

Dsnmark 

Venezuela 

Baden 

Greece 

Guatemala 

Ecuador 

Paraguay 

Hesse 

Liberia 

San  Salvador , 

Hayti 

Nicaragua 

Uruguay 

Honduras 

San  Domingo 

('osta  Rica 

Hawaii 


446,500.000 

226.817.108 

81.925,400 

38,925,600 

36,469,800 

35,904,400 

34,785,300 

31.817.100 

29,906,092 

27,439,921 

16,642,000 

10.000.000 

16,463,000 

9.173.000 

5, 921.. 500 

5.000.000 

5,021,300 

4,861,400 

3,995,200 

3,688,300 

3,000,000 

2,000,000 

2.669,100 

2.500,000 

2,000,000 

1,812,000 

1,818,500 

1,784.700 

1,500,000 

1,461,400 

1,457.900 

1,180,000 

1.300,000 

1,000,000 

823,138 

718,000 

600,000 

572,000 

3.50.000 

300,000 

350,000 

136,000 

165.000 

62.950 


Date  of 
Census. 


1871 
1871 
1871 
1870 
1866 
1869 
1871 
1871 
1871 
1871 
1867 


Area  in 
Square 
Miles. 


Inhabitants 

to  Square 

Mile. 


1869 
1870 
1870 
1869 
1871 
1868 
1870 
1870 
1869 
1870 
1871 

"1869 

1871 
1870 

■1871 
1870 
1871 

'1871 

isVi 

1871 

1871 
1871 
1871 

1870 


3.741,846 

4,677,432 

8.003.778 

2,603,884 

204,091 

240.348 

149,399 

121,315 

160,207 

118,847 

195,775 

3.2,53,029 

672,621 

761,526 

292,871 

635,964 

11.373 

29.292 

34.494 

12,680 

357,157 

132,616 

15,992 

471,838 

4  9  7,  .321 

871,848 

7.533 

14,753 

368,238 

5,912 

19.353 

40.879 

218.928 

63,787 

2,969 

9,576 

7.335 

10.205 

58,171 

66,722 

47,092 

17,827 

21.505 

7,633 


119.3 

48.6 

10.2 

7.78 

178.7 

149.4 

232.8 

262.3 

187. 

230.9 

85. 

3.07 
24.4 


20. 
7.8 
441.5 
165.9 
115.8 
390.9 
8.4 
15.1 
166.9 
5.3 
4. 
2.1 
241.4 
120.9 
4.2 
247. 
75.3 
28.9 
5.9 
15.6 
277. 
74.9 
81.8 
56. 
6. 
6.5 
7.4 
7.6 
7.7 
80. 


Capitals. 


Pekin 

London 

St.  Petersburg 

Washington  

Paris 

Vienna 

Yeddo 

London 

Berlin 

Rome 

Madrid 

Rio  Janeiro 

Constantiiioiile  ... 

Mexico 

Stockholm 

Teheran 

Brussels 

Munich 

Lisbon 

Hague 

Bogota 

Santiago 

Berne 

Lima 

Chuquisaca 

Buenos  Ayres 

Stuttgart 

Copenhagen 

Caraccas  

Carlsruhe 

Athens 

Guatemala 

Quito 

Asuncion 

Darmstadt 

Monrovia 

Sal  Salvador 

Port  an  Prince... 

Managua 

Monte  Video 

Comayagua 

San  Domingo 

San  Jose 

Honolulu 


Population, 


648.800 

251.800 

667.000 

109,199 

82,5,300 

833,900 

554,900 

251,800 

825,400 

244,484 

332.000 

420,000 

075,000 

210.300 

136,900 

120,000 

314,100 

169.500 

224.063 

90.100 

45,000 

115,400 

36,000 

160,100 

25.000 

177.800 

91.600 

162.043 

47.000 

36.600 

4.3.400 

40.000 

70,000 

48,000 

30,000 

3,000 

15,000 

20,000 

10,000 

44,500 

12,000 

20,000 

2,000 

7,63a. 


216 


MISCELLANEOUS   INFORMATION 


POPUL/lTION    of   ILLINOIS, 

By  Counties. 


COUNTIES. 


Adams 

Alexander. . 

Bond 

Boone 

Brown 

Bureau 

Calhoun 

Carroll 

Cass 

Champaign. 
Christian  .. 

Clark. 

Clay .- 

Clinton 

Coles 

Cook 

Crawford 

Cumberland 
De  Kalb... 
De   Witt... 

Douglas 

Du  Page 

Edgar 

Edwards 

Effingham.. 

Fayette 

Ford 

Franklin 

Fulton 

Gallatin  ' 

Greene 

Grundy 

Hamilton  -. 

Hancock 

Hardin 

Henderson . 

Henry 

Iroquois 

Jackson 

Jasper 

Jefferson 

Jersey 

Jo  Daviess. 

Johnson  

Kane 

Kankakee. . 

Kendall 

Knox 

Lake 

La  Salle 

Lawrence.. 

Lee 

Livingston  . 
Logan  


AGGREGATE. 


1870.    I860.    1850.    1840.    1830.    1820. 


56362 
10564 
I3152 
12942 
12205 

32415 

6562 

16705 

II5S0 

32737 
20363 
1S719 

15875 
16285 

25235 
349966 

13889 
12223 
23265 
14768 

I34S4 
16685 
21450 

7565 
15653 
I963S 

9103 
12652 
3S29I 

III34 
20277 

14938 
I3OI4 

35935 

5113 

12582 

35506 

25782 

19634 
11234 
17S64 

15054 
27S20 
1124S 
39091 

24352 
12399 
39522 
21014 
60792 

12533 
27171 

31471 
23053 


41323 

4707, 

9S151 

1167S 

9938 

26426 

5144 

11733 

113251 

14629! 

10492 

14987 

9336 

10941 

14203 

144954 

11551, 
8311 
19086 
10820 
7140 
14701 
16925 

5454 
7816 

111S9 
1979 
9393 

33333 
8055 

16093 

10379 

9915 

29061 

3759 

9501 

20660 

12325 

95S9 
8364 
12965 
12051 
27325 
9342 
30062 
15412 

13074 
28663 
18257 
4S332 
9214 
17651 
11637 
14272 


2650S 
2484 
6144 
7624 
719S 
8841 
3231 
4586 
7253 
2649 
3203 

9532 
4289 

5139 
9335 

43385 


7135 
3718 

7540 
5002 


9290 

10692 

3524 

3799 
8075 


14476 

3313 
5060 

1705 
4183 
3067 
1741 
1023 
2981 

1475 

1878 

7453 
3228 

3718 

9616 

10201 

4422 


5681 

22508 

5448 

12429 

3023 

6362 

14652 

2887 

4612 

3S07, 

4149 
5S621 
3220 
8109! 

7354' 
186041 

4114, 
16703' 


7730'. 

132791 
14226' 

17S15 

6l81| 

5.392' 

1553! 
51281 


16971 
3247 


3535 
8225 
3070 

1675 
6328 


3682 
13142 
10760 
11951 


3945 
9946 

137S 


1260; 

1695! 
3566J 

1472 
5762 

4535I 
6180 
3626 
6501 


7060 
2634' 
9348( 
7092 

2035 

759 

2333 


2186 
1390 
3124 


1090 


3940 

755 
2330 


3117 


4071 
1649 


2704 


4083 
1841 
7405 
7674 


2616 
483 


41 


1828 
2555 


2111 
1596 


274 


3668 


626 
2931 


931 


^23 
2999 


3444 


1763 
3155 


1542 
691 


843 


MISCELLANEOUS  INFORjMATION. 


217 


POPULATION  OF   ILLINOIS— Concluded. 


COUNTIES. 


Macon 

Macoupin 

Madison 

Marion 

Marshall 

Mason 

Massac 

McDonough. 
McHenry  .., 

McLean 

Menard 

Mercer 

Monroe 

Montgomery 

Morgan 

Moultrie 

Ogle 

Peoria 

Perry 

Piatt 

Pike 

Pope -. 

Pulaski 

Putnam 

Randolph 

Richland 

Rock  Island 

Saline 

Sangamon  .. 

Schuyler 

Scott 

Shelby 

Stark- 

St.  Clair 

Stephenson.. 

Tazewell 

Union 

Vermilion . . , 
Wabash  .... 

Warren 

Washington . 

Wayne 

White 

Whitesides  . . 

Will. 

Williamson.. 
Winnebago.. 
Woodford . . . 

Total... 


AGGREGATE. 


1870. 


26481 
3272b 

44131 
20622 
16950 
16184 

95S1 
26509 
23762 

53988 

II735 
18769 

12982 

25314 

2S463 
103S5 
27492 
47540 
13723 

10953 
30708 

II437 

875^ 
6280 
20859 
12803 
29783 
12714 
46352 
17419 
10530 
25476 
IO751 

51068 
3060S 
27903 
16518 
303  88 
8841 
23174 
17599 
19758 
16846 

27503 
43013 
17329 
29301 

18956 


2539891 


1860. 


13738 
24602 
31251 

12739 
13437 
IO931 
6213 
20069 
22089 
28772 

9584 
15042 

12832 

13979 
22II2 

63S5 
22888 
36601 

9552 

6127 

27249 

6742 

3943 

55S7 
17205 

9711 
21005 

9331 
32274 
14684 

9069 
14613 

9004 

37694 
25112 
21470 
11181 
19800 

7313 

18336 

13731 
12223 
12403 

18737 
29321 
12205 
24491 
13282 


1711951 


1850. 


3988 

12355 

20441 

6720 

5180 

5921 

4092 

7616 

14978 

IO163 

6349 

5246 

7679 

6277 

16064 

3234 
10020 

17547 
5278 
1606 

18S19 

3975 
2265 

3924 

1 1079 

4012 

6937 
5588 
19228 
10573 
7914 
7807 
3710 

20180 
1 1666 
12052 

7615 

1 1492 

4690 

8176 

6953 
6825 

8925 

5361 

16703 

7216 

11773 
4415 


851470 


1840. 


i8;jo. 


3039 
7926 

14433 
4742 
1849 


5308 
2578 
6565 
4431 
2352 

4481 

4490 

19547 


3479 
6153 
3222 


11728 
4094 


2131 
7944 


2610 


14716 
6972 
6215 
6659 
1573 

13631 
2800 
7221 
5524 
9303 
4240 

6739 
4810 

5133 
7919 

2514 
10167 

4457 
4609 


476183 


1122 
1990 
6221 
2125 


{b) 


26 

2000 

2953 
12714 


1215 


2396 
3316 


(-1310 

4429 


12960 

^2959 


2972 


7078 


4716 

3239 
5836 
2710' 
308 
1675 
2553 
6091 


I574JL5 


1830. 


13550 


*2I 
1516 


2610 


3492 


5248 


2362 


I517 
III4 

4828 


*49 
55162 


218 


MISCELLANEOUS  INFORMATION. 


STATE   LAWS 
Relating  to  Rates  of  Interest  and  Penalties  for  Usury. 


States  and  Territories. 


I  Legal    :  Rate    al-  ! 
Rate    of  lowed  by 
Interest.    Contract. 


Penalties  for  Usury. 


per  cent 
8 
lO 

6 
lo 


Alabama 

Arizona 

Arkansas 

California 

Colorado lo 

Connecticut , 

Dakota 

Delaware 

District  of  Columbia 

Florida 

Georgia 

Idaho 

Illinois 

Indiana 

Iowa 

Kansas 


7 

I  7 

I  6 

6 

;  8 

7 

!  lo 

6 

6 

6 

8 

Kentucky 6 


Louisiana. 

Maine 

Maryland 

Massachusetts . 

Michigan 

Minnesota 


5 

6 

6 

6 

7 

7 

Mississippi \  6 


Missouri. 
Montana.. 
Nebraska. 
Nevada.... 


6 
lo 

lO 
lO 


New  Hampshire 6 

N  e  w  J  e  r  s  e  y 

New  Mexico 

New  York 

North  Carolina 

Ohio 

Ontario,  Canada 

Oregon 


7 
6 

7 
6 
6 
6 

lO 

Pennsyl  vani  a 6 

6 
6 

7 
6 
8 

lO 

6 
6 

lO 

6 
7 

12 


Quebec,  Canada 

Rhode  Island 

South  Carolina 

Tennessee 

Texas 

Utah 

Vermont 

Virginia 

Washington  Territory 

West  Virginia 

W^isconsin 

Wyoming 


per  cent. 

8 

Any  rate. 

lO 

Any  rate. 
Any  rate. 
7 

12 

6 

lO 

Any  rate. 

12 

24 
lO 
lO 
lO 
12 

8 

8 
Any  rate. 

6 

Any  rate. 

lo 

12 

lo 

lo 

Any  rate. 

12 

Any  rate. 
6 

7 
Any  rate. 

7 
8 
8 
Any  rate. 

12 

Any  rate 
Any  rate. 
Any  rate. 
Any  rate, 
lo 

12 

Any  rate. 
6 
6* 

Any  rate. 
6* 
lo 

Any  rate. 


Forfeiture  of  entire  interest. 
Forfeiture  of  principal  and  interest. 


Forfeiture  of  excess  of  interest. 
Forfeiture  of  entire  interest. 
Forfeiture  of  principal. 
Forfeiture  of  entire  interest. 

Forfeiture  of  entire  interest. 

Fine  and  imprisonment. 

Forfeiture  of  entire  interest. 

Forfeiture  of  excess  of  interest. 

Forfeiture  of  entire  interest. 

Forfeiture  of  ex.  of  in.  above  12  per  cent. 

Forfeiture  of  entire  interest. 

Forfeiture  of  entire  interest. 

Forfeiture  of  excess  of  interest. 

Forfeiture  of  ex.  of  in.  above  7  per  cent. 
No  Usury  Law  in  this  State. 
Forfeiture  of  excess  of  interest. 
Forfeiture  of  entire  interest. 

Forfeiture  of  entire  interest. 

Forfeiture  of  thrice  the  excess  and  costs. 
Forfeiture  of  entire  interest. 

Forfeiture  of  contract. 
Forfeiture  of  entire  interest. 
Forfeiture  of  excess  above  6  per  cent. 


Forfeiture  of  excess  of  interest. 
Forfeiture  of  excess  of  interest. 

Forfeiture  of  excess  of  interest. 
Forfeiture  of  entire  interest. 

Forfeiture  of  excess  of  interest. 
Forfeiture  of  entire  interest. 


♦  Except  in  cases  defined  by  statutes  of  the  State. 


MISCELLANEOUS    INFORMATION. 


219 


STATE   LAWS 

Relating  to  Limitations  of  Actions  :  Showing  Limit  of  Time  in  which 
Action  may  be  Brought  on  the  following  : 


States  and  Tbrbitories. 


Alabama 

Arkansas  — 
California,... 

Colorado 

Connecticut. 

Dakota 

Delaware.... 
District  ol 

I'^lorida 

Georgia.... 

Maho 

Illinois 

Indiana.... 


Columbia 


Iowa 

Kansas.... 
Kentucky. 
Louisiana. 
Maine 


Maryland 

Massachusetts . 

Michigan 

Minnesota 

Mississippi 

Missouri...,  ... 

Montana 

Nebraska 

Nevada 


New  Hampshire. 

New  Jersey 

New  Mexico 

New  York 

North  Carolina... 
Ohio 


Ontario  (U.  Canada). 
Oregc 


Pennsylvania 

Quebec  (L.  Canada). 

Rhode   Island 

South  Carolina 

Tennessee 

Texas 


Utah 

Vermont 

Virginia 

Washington  Territory. 

West  Virginia 

Wisconsin 

Wyoming 


Assault 

slander, 

&c. 


Years. 
I 
I 
I 
I 

3 

2 


Open 
Accts. 


Notes. 


I 
2 
I 

2 
I 

2 
I 


Years. 

3 
3 

2 

6 
6 
6 


I 

3 

1 

3 

2 

4 

I 

4 

2 

2 

I 
2 

5 
6 

2 

5 

I 

3 

I 

2 

I 

2 

3 
6 

I 

2 

3 
6 

2 

6 

2 

6 

I 

3 

2 

5 

2 

5 

I 

4 

2 

2 

2 

6 

2 

6 

I 

6 

2 

6 

3 
I 

3 
6 

2 

6 

2 

6 

I 

6 

I 

I 

5 
6 

2 

6 

I 

6 

I 

2 

2 

6 

5 

5 
6 
6 


Years. 
6 
5 

4 
6 
6 
6 
6 

5 
6 

4 
lo 

20 
lO 

5 
15 

5 

20 

3 

20 

6 
6 
6 

lO 
lO 

5 
4 
6 
6 

lo 
6 
3 

IS 
6 
6 
6 

5 
6 
6 
6 
4 
4 
4 

5 
6 

lO 

6 
IS 


Judg- 
ments. 


Sealed  and 
witnessed 
Instru- 
ments. 


Years. 
20 
lO 

5 
3 

20 
20 
20 
12 
20 
7 

5 

20 

2o 

20 

5 
IS 

lO 
20 
12 
20 
6 
lO 

7 

20 
lO 

S 
5 

20 
20 
lO 
20 
lO 

15 

20 

10 
20 

30 
20 
20 
10 
10 

S 
8 
10 
6 
10 
20 
15 


Years. 
10 
10 

5 

3 
17 
20 
20 
12 
20 
20 

5 

10 
20 
10 

15 

15 
20 

20 

12 

20 

10 

6 

7 

10 
10 
10 

4 
20 
16 
10 
20 
10 

15 
20 
20 
20 
30 
20 
20 
6 

5 
7 

8 
20 

6 
10 
20 

15 


PRODUCTIONS  OF  AGRICULTURE,  STATE  OF  ILLINOIS,  BY  COUNTIES.— 1870. 


;OUNTIES. 


Total. 


AUanib 

Alexaiuler ... 

liotul 

IJooiie 

ISrown 

liureau 

CaUiouii   

Carroll 

Cass 

Champaign.. 

Christian 

Clark 

Clay 

Clinton 

Coles 

Cook  

Crawford 

Cumberland. 

DeKalb 

DeWitt 

Douglas 

DuPage 

Edgar 

Edwards.  ... 

Effingham 

Fayette 

Ford 

Franklin 

Fulton 

Gallatin 

Greene 

Grundy 

Hamilton 

Hancock 

Hardin 

Henderson.  . 

Henry   

Iroquois 

Jackson  

Jasper      ..   .. 

Jefferson 

Jersey    

JoDaviess.   .. 
Johnson    .  .. 

Kane 

Kankakee 

Kendall. . 

Knox 

Lake 

LaSalle 

Lawrence  ... 
Lee. 


Livingston 

Logan 

Macon 

Macoupin 

Madison 

Marion 

Marshall 

Mason 

Massac 

McDonough... 

McHenry 

McLean 

Menard 

Mercer 

^lonroe 

Montgomery.. 

Morgan 

Moultrie 

Ogle 

Peoria 

Perrv 

Piatt 

Pike 

Pope 

Pulaski 

Putnam 

Randoliih 

Richland 

Rock  Island.. . 

.Saline 

.Sangamon 

Schuyler 

Scott" 

Shelby 

.Stark..  

St.  Clair 

Stephenson ... 

TazeweH 

Union 

Vermilion 

\Vab.ash 

Warren 

Washington... 

Wayne  

White 

Whitesides 

Will. 


Improved 
Land. 


Woodl-Md 


Number.     Number.   Number. 
19..329.95B  5,061.578    1.491.3.S1 


other  un- 
improved 


Spring 
Wheat. 


Winter 
Wheat. 


Hushels. 
10. 133.201 


Rye. 


Indian 
Corn. 


Hushels.     Bushels,      Hushels.       Hushels 
19  99.5.198  2  456.578  129.921.39."  42  780.85! 


Oafs. 


Williamson . 
Winnebago.. 
V.'oodford ... 


287.926 

13.836 

145,045 

137,307 

57,062 

398,611 

37,684 

186,864 

92.902 

419,368 

241,472 

118,594 

146,922 

150.177 

208,337 

348,824 

105,505 

75,342 

334,50-.' 

168.531. 

147,633 

164,874 

.^65,458 

58,912 

120,343 

187,196 

141,228 

80,749 

228.132 

49,572 

175,408 

1,'^3,999 

88,996 

311,517 

28,117 

140,954 

265,904 

322,510 

78,548 

90,86 

118,951 

94,14 

156,51^ 

57,820 

240,120 

312,181! 

164.00J 

330,829 

207, 77;. 

533,724 

87,82b 

322,21 

377,505 

321,70!' 

205,259 

231,059 

257,032 

173,081 

166,057 

209,453 

25,151 

261,635 

230,566 

494,978 

134.173 

222.80S* 

92.81C 

276,682 

293,450 

144,220 

316,883 

170,726 

93,754 

94.454 

233.785 

55,980 

19.319 

37,271 

140,764 

75,079 

155,214 

72,309 

421,748 

96,195 

85,331 

310,179 

138,129 

231,117 

254,857 

229,126 

75,832 

360,251 

54.063 

266.187 

177.592 

147.352 

92,398 

289,809 

419,442 

128,448 

241.373 

22.5,504 


112,57ti 
17.761 
42,613 
29,886 
35,491 
41,866 
63.443 
29,793 
33,493 
16,789 
19,803 

102,201 
80,612 
48,868 
45,214 
19,635 
78,350 
40,334 
17,722 
29.54t< 
11,897 
17,243 
66,803 
57,585 
56.33(1 
93,460 
2,996 
.3,994 

123,823 
68,750 
93,242 
6,256 
93,878 
43,385 
44,771 
34,705 
12,620 
22,478 
87,642 
67,023 
94,88b 
51,427 
82,07t 
3 
34,646 
10,978 
14,244 
41,566 
21,072 
48,in 
72,738 
12,071 
12,462 
17,394 
18,153 
81,224 
89.450 
61,579 
28,261 
31,73fe 
33,39t 
52,54-; 
53.293 
40,36f: 
34.931 
45,977 
83,369 
47.804 
60,217 
24,783 
43,643 
48,666 
68,470 
5,978 

128,953 
87,754 
12,5U 
17,184 

162,274 
50.618 
31,239 
70,393 
51,085 
62,477 
44,633 
74,908 
12.375 
76,591 
43.167 
45,268 
83.606 
53,078 
37,558 
27,294 
55,852 

146,794 
78.167 
21.823 
24.261 

116,949 
37,238 
25,217 


19,370 


1,915 

2,658 

25608 

15.803 

2,754 

33,302 

6,604 

58,  .502 

19,173 

5,420 

5,225 

8,722 

3,274 

17,337 

27,185 

5,604 

6,551 

17,633 

7.316' 

3.851 

14,282 

830 ! 

26,206, 

16,7861 

63,976 

86,710 

4,076 

2,565 

29,653 

4,505 

.3,343 

18,480 

107i 

14,243 

31,459 

63,498 

5.991 

12,250 

778 

1,363 

45,779 

79,141 

399 

10,598 

2,283 

25,155 

24,369 

2,.%  6 

3,273 

7,409 

41,788 

408 

9,115 

7,343 

13,675 

4,142 

2,976 

31,013 

30 

14,035 

57,998 

49.087 

13,952 

22,588 

666 

8.495 

1,376 

13,112 

14,913 

2,516 

220 

13,897 

9,302 


16,191 


4.174 
1,170 
2  025 

20,755 
809 

19,932 

21,294 
1.610 
9,314 
2,783 
2.016 

13.701 

14,846 
5,300 

31,122 
509 

14,583 
1,931 

10,486 
869 

37.310 
6,3351 
1.648 

15.237  ! 

23,135|i 


700 

241,042 

13,276 

465,236 

418,073 
12,165 

102.5 
18,360 


1,894 

500 

2,651 

144,296 

60 

550 

398,059 

106,493 

7,683 

106,096 

13,283 


42,571 

365 

193,669 


21,700 

129 

181,378 

13 

161,112 

462,379 

57,160 

890 


282,758 


188,82e 
103,466 
90,681 
267,764 
168,914 
271,181 


450,793 

120,206 

198,056 

55,239 

160 

550 


106.129 
73,261 

"273,871 

401,790 

211,801 

36,152 

289,291 


59 

18,196 

17,128 

497,038 

92,361 


26.382 
130 


28,137 
450 


243,541 

200 

89,304 

56,221 

18 

15,526 

124,630 

2.550 

527,394 

132,417 


44,806 

186;  290 

266 


457.455 
195,286 
176 
408,606 
178.139 


947.616 

42.658 

368,625 

599 

117,502 

724 

221,298 

260 

127,054 

123,091 

504,041 

195.118 

85,737 

610,888 

154,485 

4,904 

212,924 

84,697 

190 

11,695 

65,461 

693 

247,360 

122,703 

195,716 

351,310 

1,008 

111,324 

223,930 

83,093 

577,400 

150 

92.34'; 

232,751 

32,306 

69,062 

445 

10,48(1 

329,036 

87.S08 

100,55-^ 

558,367 

55.'^ 

92.191 

325 

480 

1,249 

7,654 

221 

2.19:5 

264,134 

2.260 

1,339 

40,96a 

196,613 

861, 39h 

1,207,181 

173,652 

90(1 

125.628 

72,316 

36,146 

270 

10,955 

45,793 

13,20.3 

651,767 

744,891 

357,523 

196,43(i 

5,580 

31.843 

350,44ti 

39,762 

1,057,497 

70,457 

44,922 

79(i 

1,031.022 

150,268 

2.279 

83.011 

247.65b' 

165.724 

266.105 

452,015 

1,562.621 

2,118 

72.410 

180.231 

249.558 

202.201 

5,712 

672,486 

164.689 

184,321 

264 

1.996 
170,787 

2.468 
108,307 


20,989 

30 

6,240 

35,871 

4,742 

43,811 

186 

25.721 

2.772 

45,752 

10,722 

7,308 

3,221 

1,619 

8,825 

20,171 

15,497 

14.798 

21,018 

11  540 

9,017 

7,53i 

87,508 

528 

19.759 

25.328 

11,577 

5,195 

131,711 

51-~ 

41£ 

4,93( 

11,672 

133,533 

86,5 

96,43ti 

35.76( 

23.25!- 

524 

9,16,= 

5,93^ 


7,185 

2,46!- 

23,618 

12,93." 

5.16;- 

113.547 

5.87( 

48,30b 

1,121 

14,82!. 

26,16:: 

37,232 

29,22:: 

2.404 

3.68c 

r4,517 

36,135 

49,182 

54.! 

52,401 

29,26-; 

39.824 

4,28:; 

40.77b 

1.42c 

3,29t 

5,53.= 

6,670 

157,504 

99,  .502 

1,01( 

9.24b 

25,30:? 

2.306 

222 

7.707 

3,235 

3.401 

20,00:3 

56b 

23,073 

20,841 

930 

23.686 

30,5:34 

1.008 

135.362 

59.027 

1,737 

52,476 


72,212 

2,576 

8,665 

418 

31.658 

8.030 

6,228 

137,985 

20.426 


1,452,905 
244,220 
1,064,0,52 
466,985 
337,769 
3,030.404 
2:34,041 
1,:367  965 
1,146,980 
:3, 924. 720 
1,883,336 
614,582 
1,019,994 
81.3.257 
2,13:3,111 
570,427 
581,964 
40:3,075 
1,023,849 
1,311,635 
1.680,225 
331,981 
2,107.615 
352,371 
620,247 
962,52.T 
565,671 
65:3,206 
1,. 508, 763 
509,491 
1,051,313 
295,971 
735,25- 
1,510,401 
172.651 
1,712.901 
2,541, 68:i 
799,81( 
611,951 
461,34,'; 
887,981 
519,121 
l,286,32t 
34:3,29b 
674,33:: 
637,39! 
681,267 
2.708,316 
517,35:- 
:3,077,02^ 
656,36: 
1,6,56,97!- 
1,182,69( 
4,221,641 
2,214,46!- 
1,051,54-1 
2,127,546 
1.034,057 
l,182,90:i 
2,648.72( 
13:3, 12( 
1,362, 4  9( 
1,145.00." 
:3, 723,376 
1,97:3.88' 
2.054,96> 
54:3,71b 
1,527,89b 
:3,198,835 
1.75:3.141 
1,787.066 
969.224 
384.446 
1,029.725 
1.399,18b 
31.5,95b 
195.735 
3:34,256 
510,08(1 
482.594 
1,459.65:; 
531,516 
4,388,763 
440.975 
752.771 
2.082.578 
1,149  878 
1,423.121 
1,615,679 
2,062.053 
679.753 
2,818.027 
421,361 
2,982,853 
836.115 
1,179,291 
870.521 
2,162,943 
1,131,458 
655,710 
1,237,406 
2,154.185 


759,074 
21,627 
461,097 
579,127 
70,852 
987,426 
26.231 
775,100 
168,784 
721,375 
38:3,821 
212.628 
269.945 
446,324 
315.954 
1,584,225 
136,!i55 
171,880, 
1,087,074 
216,756 
22.5,074 
860,809 
290,679 
129,152 
386,073 
497,395 
154,589 
222.426 
261,390 
27,164 
64.029 
269.332 
20:3.464 
579,599 
26,991 
229,286 
668.367 
430,746 
149,931 
149,214 
28,5.949 
71.770 
874,016 
74,525 
785,608 
772,408 
468.890 
787,952 
699,069 
1.509,642 
131,386 
90:3,197 
659,300 
490,226 
454.648 
459,417 
475,252 
389,446 
362,604 
272,660 
22.097 
280,717 
910.397 
911,127 
235,091 
452,889 
152.251 
668,424 
198,724 
26:3,992 
141,540 
334.892 
338,760 
1:30,610 
161,419 
67,886 
16,511 
86.519 
414,487 
204.634 
276,575 
69.793 
397,718 
119.359 
13,462 
637,812 
316,726 
476,851 
960.620 
505.841 
124,473 
4:36051 
110,793 
601.054 
53:3.398 
404.482 
119,653 
880  8:38 
1,868.682 
180.986 
86.S.903 
744,5«l 


(deceased) 
METAMORA 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 


Woodford  County,  lying  in  the  central  part  of  the  State  of  Illinois,  is 
hounded  on  the  north  by  Marshall  and  La  Salle  Counties  ;  on  the  east  by 
Livingston  and  McLean ;  on  the  south  by  McLean  and  Tazewell ;  and  on  the 
west  by  the  Illinois  River.  It  is  very  irregular  in  its  boundaries,  and  of 
a  shape  rather  difficult  to  compute  its  exact  area,  but  it  is  estimated  at  about 
five  hundred  and  fifty  square  miles.  At  an  early  period  in  the  history  of 
Illinois,  a  large  tract  of  land  in  this  section,  lying  east  and  south  of  the  Illi- 
nois River,  was  known  as  Tazewell  County,  and  at  a  still  more  remote  date,  this 
tract  was  included  in  the  county  of  Sangamon,  with  the  county  seat  at  Spring- 
field. From  the  original  county  of  Tazewell,  several  of  the  adjacent  counties 
have  been  wholly,  or  in  part  created,  viz.:  Marshall,  McLean,  Livingston  and 
perhaps  others.  In  the  formation  of  Woodford  County,  Livingston,  McLean 
and  Tazewell  contributed  to  its  territory.  That  portion  lying  west  of  the  Third 
Principal  Meridian  was  taken  from  Tazewell  County ;  the  present  Townships  of 
Clayton,  Minonk,  Greene  and  Panola  from  Livingston,  and  the  remainder  from 
McLean  County.  It  embraces  within  its  territorial  limits  seventeen  civil  town- 
ships. The  county  is  well  drained  by  the  Illinois  River  flowing  along  its  western 
boundary,  and  the  Mackinaw,  together  with  their  tributaries — Walnut,  Panther, 
AVolf,  Rock,  Ten  Mile,  Snag,  Partridge,  Black  Partridge  and  Richland  Creeks, 
which  meander  through  it  in  all  directions,  watering  and  draining  every  portion 
of  it.  Much  of  the  land  is  broad  rolling  prairie,  stretching  away  to  the  groves 
of  timber  and  bluffs  rising  from  the  banks  of  the  rivers,  and  numerous  water 
courses,  and  as  an  agricultural  region  is  unsurpassed  in  the  State.  The  south- 
ern and  western  portions  of  the  county,  supply  timber  in  great  abundance,  and 
many  of  the  more  valuable  species  are  native  to  these  sections.  Black  and 
white  walnut,  wild  cherry,  sugar  maple,  red  and  white  elm,  cottonwood,  syca- 
more, mulberry,  red  bud,  hackberry,  the  different  kinds  of  oak,  black  and  white 
hickory,  etc.,  flourish  in  these  localities,  while  some  of  the  more  common  shrubs, 
such  as  hazel,  willow,  sumac,  elder  and  prickly-ash,  grow  in  profusion.  No 
extensive  manufactories  nor  very  large  cities  exist,  but  a  number  of  thriving 
towns  and  villages,  together  with  two  or  three  small  cities,  have  grown  up  in  the 
county,  equal  in  pi-osperity  and  enterprise  to  those  in  any  other  portion  of  the 


224  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

State.  Its  chief  source  of  wealth  is  its  agricultural  products,  which  have 
increased  to  a  voluminous  extext,  since  the  building  of  the  different  raib'oads 
through  the  county.  The  time,  however,  is  not  far  distant,  when  no  doubt  coal 
mining  will  be  carried  on  to  a  much  greater  extent  than  it  is  now.  The  geo- 
logical deposits  of  Woodford  County  are  extremely  rich,  combining  many  rare 
specimens,  and  fossils  common  in  other  and  distant  sections  of  Illinois,  and  even 
in  other  States.  But  as  we  shall  allude  to  the  subject  again  in  this  work, 
together  with  the  coal  fields,  we  pass  now  to 

THE    EARLY    SETTLEMENT. 

Woodford  County  has  drawn  its  population  from  many  different  sources. 
Half  the  States  in  the- Union  are  here  represented,  while  many  of  the  countries 
of  the  Old  World  have  contributed  their  delegations  to  its  settlements.  The 
courtly  and  dignified  Englishman,  the  bonny  Scot,  the  warm-hearted  Irishman, 
the  genial  Frenchman,  the  good-natured  German,  with  many  others  from  "  be- 
yond the  seas,"  are  here,  and  together  furnish  some  of  the  prosperous  and  solid 
men  of  the  communitv.  Of  our  own  countrymen,  we  find  the  New  Englander, 
from  his  cold  and  sterile  hills,  and  the  chivalrous  Southerner,  from  his  palm- 
tree  groves  and  "  sunny  land,"  dwelling  side  by  side  and  mingling  together,, 
with  no  sectional  lines  drawn  between  them  on  account  of  birthplace,  or  feelings 
of  political  prejudices  engendered  by  either  against  the  section  from  which  the 
other  came.  And  here,  too,  like  way-marks  along  a  lonely  highway,  we  now 
and  then  meet  with  a  "  wandering  son  of  Ethiopia's  fated  race,"  who,  since  the 
war,  has  straggled  away  from  the  "  Sunny  South  "  to  the  distant  prairies  to 
find  a  new  home.  Many  of  the  first  settlers  were  from  Indiana,  Virginia  and 
Kentucky,  with  perhaps  an  occasional  family  from  some  other  Southern  State. 
Coming,  as  they  did,  from  a  land  of  hills  and  vales,  and  creeks  and  rivers, 
bordered  with  grand  old  forests,  they  very  naturally  shunned  the  prairies  and 
'•  pitched  their  tents  "  by  the  rivers  and  the  "purling  brooks,"  under  the  broad, 
sheltering  branches  of  the  trees.  Hence  Walnut  Grove,  as  it  is  still  called,  and 
what  is  now  Spring  Bay,  together  with  kindred  regions  and  localities,  were 
settled  long  before  any  hardy  pioneer  became  imbued  with  sufiicient  courage  to 
venture  to  rear  his  cabin  far  out  on  the  vast  prairie,  which,  to  his  inexperienced 
eye,  appeared  at  best  but  a  "desert  waste."  Close  in  the  wake  of  this  early  impor- 
tation of  "  Hoosiers  "  *  came  the  Yankees,  as  all  Northern  and  Eastern  people 
were  called  by  the  Southerners,  with  their  thrift  and  ingenuity,  and  both  the 
settlements  and  the  population  increased  slowly  at  first,  perhaps,  but  at  least 
surely. 

From  a  work  entitled  "  Old  Settlers'  History  of  Woodford  County,"  written 
by  Prof.  Radford,  of  Eureka  College,  we  take  the  "historical  table"  of  early 
settlers,  given  below,  who  came  to  the  county  up  to  1835,  together  with  the  date 

*  The  name  "  Hoosier "  was  usually  applied  to  everybody  along  the  border,  on  both  sides  of  the  Ohio  River,  at 
that  early  day. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 


225 


of  their  coming  and  the  place  of  their  location.     The  only  change  we  have  made 

in  the  table  is  to  so  arrange  the  names  as  to  bring  the  dates  in  regular  rotation 

Wm.  (or  Geo.)  Blaylock,  neai-  Spring  Bay,  1819 

William  Blanchard,  near  Spring  Bay 1822 

Dillon,  near  Spring  Bay 

Horace  Crocker,  near  Spring  Bay 


William  Philips,  near  Spring  Bay 1828 

William  Sowards,  Metamora 1823 

Solomon  Sowards,  Metamora 182o 

George  Kingston,  Spring  Bay 182o 

John  Stephenson,  Spring  Bay 1824 

Joseph  Dillon,  Walnut  Grove 1824 

Austin  Crocker,  Spring  Bay 1824 

George  Kingston,  Metamora 1825 

Gershom  Harvey,  on  Mackinaw 1825 

Charles  Moore,  Walnut  Grove 182G 

Daniel  Meek,  Walnut  Grove 1826 

Jonathan  Baker,  Walnut  Grove 1826 

Charles  Fielder,  Spring  Bay 1827 

Benjamin  Williams,  Partridge  Creek 1827 

John  Bird,  Walnut  Grove 1^<27 

Wathen,  Walnut  Grove 1827 

Rowland  Crocker,  Spring  Bay 1828 

Jacob  Wilson,  Spring  Bay 1828 

Amasa  Stout,  Panther  Creek 1828 

Adam  Henthorne,  Panther  Creek 

Bilberry,  Panther  Creek 1828 


Robert  Philips,  White  Oak  Grove 1828 

Samuel  Philips,  White  Oak  Grove  1828 

John  Harbert,  White  Oak  Grove 1829 

Jesse  Dale,  Spring  Bay 1829 

Richard  Williams,  Spring  Bay 1829 

David  Matthews,  Spring  Bay 1829 

"Widow"  Donohue,  Spring  Bay 1829 

George  Hopkins,  Spring  Bay 1829 

Hiram  Curry,  Spring  Bay 1829 

William  Atteberry,  Walnut  Grove 1829 

John  Davidson,  Walnut  Grove 1829 

John  Dowdy,  Walnut  Grove 1829 

Joseph  Martin,  Walnut  Grove 1829 

Matthew  Bracken,  Walnut  Grove 1829 

James  Bird,  Walnut  Grove 1829 

Robert  Bird,  AValnut  Grove 1829 

Nathan  Owen,  Walnut  Grove 1829 

Eli  Patrick,  Walnut  Grove 1829 

Allen  Patrick,  Walnut  Grove 1829 

John  Harbert,  White  Oak  Grove 1829 

William  Hoshor,  Spring  Bay 1830 

John  Sharp,  Germantown 1830 

John  F.  Smith,  Germantown 1830 

Joseph  Meek,  Walnut  Grove 1830 

Henry  Meek,  Walnut  Grove 1830 

William  Bird,  Walnut  Grove 1830 


Daniel  Deweese,  Walnut  Grove 1830 

Thomas  Deweese,  Walnut  Grove 1830 

Rev.  John  Oatman,  Walnut  Grove 1830 

Lewis  Stephens,  White  Oak  Grove 1830 

James  V.  Phillips,  White  Oak  Grove 

Josiah  Moore,  near  Panther  Creek 1830 

Campbell  Moore,  near  Panther  Creek 1830 

Rev.  Amos  Watkins,  near  Panther  Creek. .1830 

Warren  AVatkins,  near  Panther  Creek 1830 

Thomas  A.  McCord,  near  Panther  Creek. ..1830 

James  S.  McCord,  near  Panther  Creek 1830 

Matthew  Blair,  Walnut  Grove 1830 

Joseph  Belsley,  Spring  Bay..^ ...1831 

Phineas  Shottenkirk,  Spring  Bay 1831 

Rev.  Joshua  AVoosley,  Walnut  Grove 1831 

Francis  Willis,  AValnut  Grove 1831 

Daniel  Travis,  Walnut  Grove 1831 

Caleb  Davidson,  Walnut  Grove 1831 

John  Butcher,  AValnut  Grove 1831 

Cooley  Curtis,  Walnut  Grove  1831 

Daniel  Allison,  AValnut  Grove 1831 

Isaac  Black,  Walnut  Grove 1831 

Aaron  Richardson,  Panther  Creek 1831 

.James  M.  Richardson,  Panther  Creek 1831 

Joseph  Wilkerson,  Panther  Creek 

William  McCord,  Panther  Creek 1831 

Samuel  Kirkpatrick,  White  Oak  Grove 1831 

John  Benson,  White  Oak  Grove 1831 

AVilliam  Benson,  AVhite  Oak  Grove 1831 

James  Benson,  AVhite  Oak  Grove 1831 

Daviil  Banta,  Metamora 1831 

Cornelius  Banta,  Metamora 1831 

Peter  Muler,  Germantown 1832 

Thomas  Deweese,  Walnut  Grove 1832 

James  Harlan,  south  of  Walnut  Grove 1832 

Noel  Meek,  near  Panther  Creek 1832 

Basil  Meek,  near  Panther  Creek 1832 

John  Armstrong,  near  Panther  Creek 

AVilliam  C.  Moore,  near  Panther  Creek 

Rev.  Lewis  Stover,  White  Oak  Grove 1832 

Louis  Guibert,  near  Spring  Bay 1833 

Gingerich,  near  Spring  Bay 

Rev.  Zadock  Hall,  Germantown 1833 

James  Mitchell,  AValnut  Grove 1833 

Rev.  Ben.  Major,  AValnut  Grove 1833 

Thomas  Kincade,  Walnut  Grove 1833 

Jonah  Brown,  AVhite  Oak  Grove 1833 

Jacob  Ellis,  AVhite  Oak  Grove 

Reubin'Carlock,  AVhite  Oak  Grove 1833 

AVinton  Carlock,  AVhite  Oak  Grove 1833 

Peter  Engle,  Sr.,  Metamora 1833 


226  HISTORV  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

John  Yerkler,  Metamora 1833       William  Hunter,  Spring  Bay 1830 

Christian  Smitli,  Partridge  Point 1833    i   Charles  Molitor,  Germantown 183.'j 

Morgan  Bvickingham,  Low  Point ]   Solomon  Tucker,  Walnut   Grove 183") 

John  Snyder,  Spring  Bay 1834   ,   Rev.  Wm.  Davenport,  Walnut  Grove 1834 

Isaac  Snyder,  Spring  Bay 1834      Thomas  Bullock,  Walnut  Grove 183') 

Peter  Snyder,  Spring  Bay 1834       Elijah  Dickinson,  Walnut  Grove 183-") 

David  Snyder,  Spring  Bay 1834      Rev.  James  Robeson,  Panther  Creek 183;") 

Samuel  Beck,  Germantown 1834      James  Rayburn,  Panther  Creek 

Thomas  Sunderland,  Germantown 1834      James  Vance,  White  Oak  Grove 1835 

William  R.  Willis,  Walnut  Grove 1834       Rev.  Abner  Peeler,  White  Oak  Grove 

M.  R.  Bullock,  Walnut  Grove 1834       Humphrey  Leighton,  Metamora 183") 

Benj.  J.  Radford,  Walnut  Grove 1834       C.  P.  Mason,  Metamora 183r) 

John  Page,  Sr.,  Metamora 1834       F.  Dixon,  on  Mackinaw 183r) 

Thomas  Jones,  Low  Point 1834       Isaac  Moulton,  Low  Point 183r) 

Rev.  James  Owens,  Low  Point 1835       Parker  Morse,  Low  Point 1835 

The  foregoing  dates  are  doubtless  as  correct  as  it  is  possible  to  get  them, 

after  this  long  lapse  of  years. 

"  Away  back  in  the  by-gone  time, 
Lost  'mid  the  rubbish  of  forgotten  things," 

are  many  dates  and  events  pertaining  to  the  early  history  of  this  county.  The 
information  given  above  does  not  agree  precisely,  in  all  cases,  with  what  we  have 
collected,  but  the  discrepencies  are  few  and  of  minor  importance.  From  this  table, 
as  well  as  from  the  information  we  have  been  able  to  gather,  the  first  settlement 
in  Woodford  County  was  made  in  what  is  now  Spring  Bay  Township.  The 
man  Blaylock,  however,  whose  date  is  here  given,  1819,  it  seems,  never  made 
an  actual  settlement — never  built  a  house  or  cabin,  nor  opened  and  cultivated  a 
farm.  Neither  can  any  of  the  old  settlers  now  living  give  the  exact  date  that 
Blaylock  came  to  the  county.  That  he  was  "found  here,"  living  in  "Indian 
style,"  and  "hunting  and  fishing,"  by  tlie  first  settlers,  is  as  definite  as  any- 
thing now  to  be  obtained  in  regard  to  him.  William  Blanchard,  of  Spring  Bay 
Township,  while  he  did  not  settle  in  this  county,  or  the  territory  now  comprising 
it,  until  1830,  yet  he  was  living  so  near  as  to  be  familiar  with  all  the  settlers  and 
settlements  made  in  this  section.  Blanchard  came  to  Peoria  (then  called  Fort 
Clarke)  in  1819,  and  stated  to  us  that  there  was  then  but  one  white  family  in 
sixty  miles  of  that  place,  and  to  wander  far  from  the  fort  was  not  only  impru- 
dent, but  extremely  hazardous.  In  the  Summer  of  1819,  Blanchard  raised  a 
crop  of  corn,  potatoes  and  pumpkins,  just  across  the  river  from  Fort  Clarke, 
which  he  cultivated  entirely  with  a  hoe.  In  1822,  he  made  a  little  clearing, 
on  which  he  put  up  a  cabin,  on  what  is  now  known  as  the  "Gibson  place" 
(which  was  also  in  Tazewell),  but  within  a  mile  or  two  of  the  present  line  of 
Woodford,  and  but  a  few  miles  from  where  he  now  lives.  This  was  the  first 
cabin  built  between  Peoria  and  Chicago,  and  likewise  the 

FIRST    FARM    OPENED. 

As  already  stated,  this  was  in  Tazewell  County,  but  so  near  to  Woodford, 
and  the  party  who  made  the  improvement  has  been  for  almost  a  half  of  a  cen- 
tury living  in  Woodford  County,  that  to  omit  its  mention  would  seem  like  leav- 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  227 

ing  out  an  imporfant  part  of  the  county's  history.  Blanchard  states  that  a 
man  named  Darby,  Avhose  first  name  he  had  forgotten,  and  who  came  from  Ver- 
mont, made  a  clearing  and  built  a  cabin  in  the  Spring  of  18.23,  on  land  now 
embraced  in  the  Crocker  farm,  in  Spring  Bay  Township.  This  is  supposed  to 
have  been  the  first  settlement  in  Woodford  County,  and,  so  far  as  it  is  possible 
ro  obtain  reliable  information  of  events  which  occurred  more  than  fifty  years 
ago,  the  supposition  is  a  correct  one.  Other  hardy  pioneers  soon  made  their 
way  to  the  Spring  Bay  settlement,  and  in  a  few  years  we  find  here  Austin, 
Horace  and  Rowland  Crocker ;  Phineas  and  I.  C.  Shottenkirk  ;  John,  Isaac, 
Peter  and  David  Snyder :  Richard  and  Lewis  Williams,  William  and  Jefierson 
Hoshor,  C.  A.  Genoways,  George  Kingt^ton,  Joseph  Belsley,  Louis  Guibert, 
George  Sommers,  Angus  McQueen,  Elzy  and  Sampson  Bethard,  Nicholas 
Henfling,  William  Hunter,  Jolm  Stephenson,  Jesse  Dale,  David  Mathis,  Jacob 

Wilson,  Donohue,  George  Hopkins,  Hiram  Curry,  Charles  Fielder,  Isaac 

and  William  Philips,  "Red"'  Joseph  Belsley  and  Philip  Bettelyune.  The 
Crockers  and  Shottenkirks  came  from  the  Empire  State,  and,  with  all  the 
energy  and  enterprise  characteristic  of  the  ''New  York  Yankees,"  at  once 
took  hold  and  commenced  work  in  earnest.  Crockers  mill,  one  of  the  first 
water  mills  built  in  the  county,  still  stands  a  monument  to  their  enterprise,  and 
performs  its  allotted  tasks  with  as  much  despatch  as  it  did  forty  years  ago. 
Philip  Betteyune  and  the  Snyders  were  from  Pennsylvania,  and,  like  all  the 
old  "Pennsylvania  Dutch,"'  of  course  became  the  most  prosperous  farmers. 
They  built  good  barns,  on  the  principle  that  "  barns  will  soon  pay  for  dwelling 
houses,  but  dwelling  houses  never  pay  for  barns."  The  Williamses,  from 
Indiana ;  the  Hoshors  and  Genoways,  from  Ohio,  have  been  active  men  in  their 
day,  and  those  who  still  survive  have  lost  none  of  their  former  energy.  Elzy 
and  Sampson  Bethard  came  from  Maryland ;  the  Belsleys,  George  Sommers, 
Louis  Guibert,  from  the  vine-clad  hills  of  sunny  France ;  George  Kingston, 
from  the  "Gem  of  the  Say;"  Angus  McQueen,  from  the  "banks  and  braes 
of  Bonny  Doon,"  and  Nicholas  Henfling,  from  the  "Faderland,"  and  from 
Them  developed  some  of  the  worthy  and  solid  old  farmers  of  the  country.  Of 
the  rest,  William  Hunter,  John   Stephenson,  Jesse  Dale*,  David  Mathis,  Jacob 

Wilson,  Donohue,   George   Hopkins,   Hiram    Curry,  the  Philipses    and 

Charles  Fielder,  but  little  information  could  be  obtained.  Although  this  was 
termed  the  Spring  Bay  settlement,  many  of  the  parties  whose  names  are  given 
above  settled  in  Worth  and  Partridge  Townships.  Bettelyune,  "Red"  Jo 
Belsley,  as  he  was  called,  the  Snyders  and  Louis  Guibert — perhaps  others — 
settled  in  what  is  now  Partridge  Township  ;  while  quite  a  number,  of  which 
were  the  Williamses,  who  first  settled  there  with  their  father,  'S(iuire  Benjamin 
Williams,  were  in  the  present  town  of  Worth.     The  Illinois  River,  with  its 

"  Broadening  sweep  and  surge  sublime," 
the  thick  forests  on  the  adjacent  hills,  and  the  hundreds  of  springs  of  pure 

*  Dale  lived  here  but  a  short  time,  when  he  removed  into  the  Metamora  settlement. 


228  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

water  bursting  from  the  ground  in  "  crystal  floods,"  were  some  of  the  attrac- 
tions that  brought  the  early  settlers  to  this  spot.  Plenty  of  timber  for  building 
and  fuel,  and  water  in  unlimited  quantities,  were  objects  not  to  be  passed  by 
in  the  search  for  future  homes.  These  unfailing  springs  they  soon  utilized  by 
building  mills  to  which  they  supplied  the  power.  Crocker's  mill,  one  of  the 
first  of  its  kind  in  the  county ;  Hoshor's,  built  a  few  years  later,  and  to  which 
was  added  a  distillery,  in  Spring  Bay  Township,  and  Guibert's  mill,  in  Part- 
ridge, Avere  operated  principally  by  them.     If  it  w^as  not 

"  A  land  of  corn  and  wine,  or  milk  and  honey," 

it  was  at  least  highly  productive  of  the  first,  and  we  have  the  evidence  of  an  old 
settlers,  that  they  "  used  to  raise  100  bushels  of  corn  to  the  acre,"'  in  the  bottom 
lands.  Of  course  so  much  corn  must  be  disposed  of  in  some  way,  and  this  sug- 
gested the  distillery,  which  became  an  institution  of  the  settlement  at  an  early 
day,  and  supplied  the  "invigorating  cordial "'  for  many  a  backv/oods  frolic. 

Another  of  the  early  settlements  was  made  at  Walnut  Grove — the  very 
paradise  of  Woodford  County.  •  The  gentle  slopes  and  sweeping  valleys,  througli 
which  winds  Walnut  Creek,  like  a  "tangled  ribbon,"  crowned  with  groves  of 
giant  trees  that  had  stood  the  storms  and  tempests  for  liundreds  of  years,  ap- 
peared to  the  new  comers  a  haven  of  rest.  On  the  confines  of  this  mighty 
forest  or  within  its  borders,  "whose  deep,  dark  shades"  they  almost  feared  to 
enter,  soon  developed  a  prosperous  settlement,  and  the  petition — "  woodman, 
spare  that  tree  " — was  forgotten  or  disregarded,  as  the  huge  "  monarchs  of  the 

wood  "  began  to  fall. 

"  The  century  living  crow. 
Whose  birth  was  in  their  tops,  grew  old  and  died 
Among  their  branches." 

and  still  they  had  flourished  in  all  their  transcendental  glory  for  ages,  until  the 
coming  tide  of  immigration  rolled  in  that  direction,  and  its  Avaves  were  checked 
against  "  these  fair  ranks  of  trees." 

As  early  as  1824,  it  is  said  that  a  few  bold  and  daring  spirits,  more  venture- 
some than  their  kind,  wandered  this  way  and  erected  their  cabins  in  Walnut 
Grove.  But  the  precise  date  of  their  settlement  is  involved  in  some  uncertainty, 
and  there  are  now  none  left  who  can  give  their  history  with  correctness. 

Joseph  Dillon,  whose  coming  dates  back  to  the  year  mentioned  above,  1824, 
or  thereabouts,  Avas  probably  the  first  to  make  a  clearing.  He  opened  a  little 
place  and  built  a  cabin  where  "  Uncle  "  Jo  Meek  now  lives. 

About  1826,  Chas.  Moore  and  Daniel  Meek  located  in  Walnut  Grove,  and  in 
a  few  years  more  were  joined  by  James  and  Robert  Bird,  Matthew  Bracken,  the 
Davidsons,  William  P.  Attebery  and  Nathan  Owen.  This  Avas  the  beginning 
of  the  settlement  of  Walnut  Grove,  Avhich  Avas  for  years,  if  not  still,  one  of  the 
most  prosperous  communities  in  the  county.  In  less  than  ten  years  from  the 
time  the  germ  of  a  settlement  was  planted  here,  in  addition  to  those  already 
noticed,  it  numbered  among  its  inhabitants  Joseph  and  Henry  B.  Meek  ;  Fran- 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  229 

cis  and  William  R.  Willis,  James  Harlan,  Thomas  and  M.  R.  Bullock,  Ben. 
Major,  Bonj.  J.  Radford,  Rev.  Wm.  Davenport,  Joseph  Martin,  Rev.  John 
Lindsey,  David  and  Thomas  Deweese  and  several  others,  who  came  from  Old 
Kentucky,  "the  dark  and  bloody  ground,"  and  have  furnished  us  ^vith  men 
of  genius  and  ability,  and  many  of  the  leading  citizens  of  the  county. 

John  Darst,  Matthew  Bracken  and  A.  S.  Fisher  are  Ohioians,  and  have 
been  enterprising  men  of  their  neighborhood.  Bracken  is  noted  as  having  been 
one  of  the  first  Justices  of  the  Peace,  and  Fisher,  for  having  taught  the  first 
Hio-h  School  in  the  county. 

Charles  Campbell  and  John  A.  Moore  were  from  Tennessee,  and  the  last 
two  named  have  the  credit  of  putting  up  the  first  mill,  with  a  water  power,  in 
Woodford  County,  which  was  built  some  two  or  three  years  before  Crocker's. 

John  Dowdy,  John  and  William  Bird,  brothers  of  those  already  mentioned, 
Rev.  Joshua  Woosley,  Jonathan  Baker,  James  Mitchell,  Daniel  Travis,  Solomon 
Tucker,  Rev.  John  Oatman,  Thomas  Kincade,  Isaac  Black,  Daniel  Allison,  John 
Butcher,  Matthew  Blair,  Cooley  Curtis  and  Elijah  Dickinson  were  all  our  own 
countrymen,  but  from  what  States  they  came  we  are  not  able  to  say. 

The  names  above  given  constituted  the  settlement  up  to  about  1835.  These 
"  worthy  scions  of  a  noble  stock  "  have  given  to  the  country  soldiers  who  fought 
•on  many  a  fierce-contested  field,  and  never  turned  their  back  upon  an  enemy  : 
and  lawyers,  doctors  and  ministers  of  the  Gospel  of  no  mean  repute  may  claim 
the  same  origin. 

The  settlers  of  Walnut  Grove  were  mostly  in  what  is  now  Olio  and  Cruger 
Townships,  though  the  Grove  extended  from  the  south  edge  of  Metamora  down 
into  Montgomery  Tow^nship,  and  those  living  at  '•  the  head  of  the  Grove,"  if 
not  in  Metamora  Township,  were  very  near  the  limits,  while  others  perhaps  lived 
in  ISIontgomery. 

A  settlement  was  made  in  Metamora  Township  at  a  period  almost,  if  not 
quite,  as  far  back  as  that  of  Walnut  Grove.  It  is  held  by  many  that  some  of 
the  Sowards  family  settled  here  as  early  as  1823.  That  they  were  here  at  an 
early  date  there  can  be  no  doubt,  but  whether  as  early  as  1823,  is  a  point  that 
cannot  now  be  determined.  The  old  ones  are  all  gone,  and  the  younger  mem- 
bers of  the  family,  Avhich  was  a  large  one  scattered  to  the  four  corners  of  the 
earth,  so  that  to  fix  the  exact  date  of  their  settlement  is  attended  with  some  dif- 
ficulty. They  were  of  New  England  origin  and  claimed  to  have  descended  from 
the  genuine  old  Puritan  stock,  and  to  be  a  branch  of  the  same  family  of  the  late 
Wm.  H.  Seward,  notwithstanding  the  difference  in  the  manner  of  spelling  the 
names.  We  have  no  record  of  any  member  of  this  branch  of  the  family  holding 
so  important  a  position  as  that  of  Secretary  of  State,  or  otherwise  distin- 
guishing himself  by  rising  above  the  station  of  flirmer.  It  is  pretty  generally 
conceded,  however,  that  they  were  the  first  to  erect  their  wigwams  in  this 
immediate  vicinity.  The  next  after  the  Sowards,  perhaps,  was  old  'S(|uire  Ben 
Williams,  as  he  was  called,  who  settled  about  half  a  mile  from  the  present  vil- 


230  HISTORY  OF  WOOUFOIID  COUNTY. 

lage  of  Metamora,  where  he  remained  but  a  short  time,  when  he  removed  intO' 
what  is  now  Worth  Township.  Next  we  have  an  importation  from  La  Belle 
France,  in  the  families  of  Peter  Engle,  Sr.,  John  Brickler,  Joseph  and  John 
Verkler,  Francis  Bregeard,  Pichereau,  Rev.  Christian  Engle  and  Michael 
loerger.  In  the  "  land  of  the  free  and  the  home  of  the  brave,"  they  became 
good  and  worthy  citizens,  distinguished  alike  for  their  integrity  and  business 
energy.  Some  of  them  still  live  on  their  original  settlements,  and  those  who 
have  gone  to  rest  have  left  behind  them  representatives  to  fill  their  places. 
Robert  T.  Cassell,  Jacob  Banta  and  his  sons,  David,  Albert  J.  and  Cornelius 
D.  Banta,  and  Wm.  H.  Delph,  came  from  Kentucky,  the  land  of  blue  grass, 
pretty  women  and  good  whisky,  and  were  of  a  good  old  stock.  C.  D.  Banta 
informed  us  that  he  went  to  school,  in  Kentucky,  more  than  fifty  years  ago,  in 
a  little  log  cabin  10x12  feet,  with  ex-Governor  Beriah  Magoffin,  who  was  Gov- 
ernor of  Kentucky  when  the  war  commenced  in  1861,  and,  it  was  said,  resigned 
the  office  because  Kentucky  would  not  secede  with  the  other  Southern  States. 
Other  members  of  this  delegation  will  receive  further  notice  in  another  page. 
The  first  account  we  have  of  anything  like  a  regular  New  England  colony 
were  John  Page,  Sr.,  and  his  brother,  Ebenezer  Page,  Nathaniel  Wilson, 
Stephen  Dudley,  John  Mason,  and  their  families,  who  settled  in  Woodford 
County  in  1835.  Most  of  the  settlers  at  that  day  were  from  Kentucky  and 
other  Southern  States,  and  cherished  the  strongest  prejudices  against  all  Yankees. 
They  would  have  welcomed  as  freely  a  colony  of  Hottentots  or  cannibals,  and 
to  have  these  "  Yankees  "  settle  in  their  midst,  they  say,  seemed  at  the  time 
like  a  judgment  sent  against  them  for  some  mighty  transgression.  They  had 
never  before  seen  the  genuine  Yankee.  They  had  seen  a  skinning,  trafficking 
and  tricky  race  of  peddlers,  from  New  England,  who  much  infested  the  West 
and  South  in  those  early  times,  with  tinware,  "  wooden  nutmegs,"  clocks  and 
other  small  assortments  of  goods,  and  supposed  all  New  England  people  to  be 
like  these  specimens.  They  formed  the  opinion  that  the  genuine  Yankee  was 
a  close,  miserly,  dishonest,  selfish  getter  of  money,  void  of  generosity,  hospitality 
or  any  of  the  kinder  feelings  of  human  nature.  But  with  that  sympathetic 
feeling  born  of  the  privations  endured  in  a  wilderness  home,  where  few  of  the 
comforts  and  none  of  the  luxuries  of  more  civilized  life  are  attainable,  and  the 
polite  dignity,  and  broad  and  liberal  views  of  these  old  New  England  Quakers, 
their  antipathy  melted  away  like  "  frost  in  the  morning  sun,"  and  with  all  the 
chivalrous  courtesy,  so  strongly  characteristic  of  the  Southern  people,  they  buried 
their  former  prejudices,  and  cultivated  a  friendship  with  this  hitherto  detested 
race,  which  grew  brighter  and  stronger  with  advancing  years,  and  which 

"  Wanes  only  within  the  grave." 

Jacob  Reeder  was  from  Virginia,  the  home  of  statesmen  and   the  birthplace 

of  Presidents,  and  receives  further  notice  in  the  history  of  Metamora  Township. 

Joseph  Morley  came  from  Maryland,   and  Thomas  Warren  from   Tennessee. 

Ohio  furnished  to   the  settlement  Dr.  J.  S.  Whitmire,  one  of  the  oldest  physi- 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  231 

cians  now  in  it,  and  George  Ray,  who  has  raised  a  family  of  stalwart  sons,  who 
have  become  worthy  men  of  the  county.  The  old  Keystone  State  contributed 
the  first  Circuit  Court  Clerk  of  Woodford  County,  in  the  person  of  Samuel  J. 
Cross,  who  has  held  several  other  important  offices,  among  them  that  of  the  first 
Master  in  Chancery,  after  the  organization  of  that  branch  of  the  courts,  and 
James  Boys,  one  of  the  first  Postmasters.  From  Indiana  we  have  Benjamin 
Williams,  and  from  Connecticut,  Amos  A.  Brown,  two  of  the  early  Justices  of 
the  Peace  in  this  section  of  the  county,  and  whose  courts  furnished  many  an 
amusing  incident  of  the  backwoods.  The  great  State  of  New  York  gave  us 
that  old  Jackson  Democrat,  Judge  W.  P.  Brown,  the  first  Judge  of  the  Wood- 
ford County  Court.  "Learned  in  the  law"  and  the  compeer  of  Douglas  and 
Lincoln,  and  David  Davis  in  the  dawning  period  of  Illinois'  greatness,  the 
Judge's  mind  is  well  stored  with  anecdotes  of  these  great  men,  some  of  which 
will  be  given  to  embellish  the  pages  of  this  history.  Of  Wilson  Tucker,  Hum- 
phrey Leighton,  C.  P.  Mason  and  Jesse  Dale,  not  much  is  known.  The  latter, 
however,  was  once  known  to  be  Treasurer  of  Woodford  County,  and  it  is  said 
tried  to  bury  the  funds  in  the  ground  for  safe-keeping,  and  that  upon  one  par- 
ticular time  he  buried  them  so  securely  that  he  had  a  long  search  before  he 
could  find  them. 

The  Panther  Creek  settlement  was  commenced  at  an  early  day.  As  early 
as  1828,  there  was  a  cabin  or  two  scattered  throu2;h  the  timber  that  skirted  its 
banks.  Amasa  Stout  and  a  man  named  Bilbery  Avere  among  the  first  to  settle 
in  this  section,  but  concerning  them  we  could  obtain  but  little  information.  In 
1829,  the  Patricks,  and  in  1830,  the  Watkinses  and  the  McCords,  who  were 
followed  the  next  year  by  the  Richardsons  and  Joseph  Wilkerson.  Noel  and 
Basil  Meek  settled  here  in  1832,  and  Rev.  James  Robeson  and  James  Rayburn, 
in  1835.  Like  the  other  settlements  already  mentioned,  many  of  these  pioneers 
came  from  Kentucky  and  Tennessee,  and  have  done  their  part  in  building  up 
the  good  old  county.  Thomas  A.  McCord  is  one  of  the  old  veterans  of  this 
little  flock,  and  is  verging  on  to  his  three  score  and  ten  years,  but  is  still  vigor- 
ous and  hearty  for  his  time  of  life.  This  settlement  extended  into  Panola,  El 
Paso,  Roanoke  and  Greene  Townships,  and  has  furnished  some  of  the  live  busi- 
ness men  of  those  towns. 

The  first  settlement  at  White  Oak  Grove  was  made  about  the  time  of  that 
on  Panther  Creek,  by  Robert  and  Samuel  Philips,  in  1828.  John  Harbert 
settled  here  in  1829,  and  Lewis  Stephens  the  year  following.  In  1831,  the 
Bensons  and  Samuel  Kirkpatrick  arrived,  and  Jonah  Brown,  James  Vance, 
Rev.  Abner  Peeler  and  the  Carlocks  in  1833.  These  and  their  descendants 
have  spread  over  "the  Lowlands,'  otherwise  Montgomery  and  Kansas  Town- 
ships, and  on  the  Mackinaw,  in  the  southern  part  of  the  county.  Another  small 
settlement  was  made  at  Low  Point,  in  Cazenovia  Township,  in  1834-5.  The 
Buckinghams,  Thomas  Jones,  James  Owen,  Isaac  Moulton,  James  G.  Bayne 
and  Parker  Morse  and  his  sons  were  the  first  to  settle  in  this  place.      Some  of 


232  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

these  were  men  of  more  or  less  celebrity  in  their  day.  Morgan  Buckingham 
was  one  of  the  first  Justices  of  the  Peace  in  this  section  :  James  G.  Bavne  as  an 
orator  and  politician  of  the  day,  and  a  delegate  to  the  Convention  that  framed 
the  Constitution  of  the  State.  The  Morses,  who  first  settled  here,  but  soon 
removed  into  what  is  now  Metamora  Township,  Avere  New  England  Abolition- 
ists, and  if  they  did  not  plant  the  germ  of  that  party  in  Woodford  County,  they 
at  least  were  among  the  first  to  nurture  the  tender  plant.  Being  on  the  direct 
line  of  the  "Underground  Railway  "'  from  St.  Louis  to  Detroit,  via  Chicago, 
they  became  conductors  on  this  '"line,"  so  much  patronized  by  the  "darkies" 
when  making  a  break  for  freedom.  They  were,  no  doubt,  sincere  in  the  part 
they  enacted,  and  believed  they  were  discharging  a  solemn  duty  in  relieving  the 
citizen  of  his  legitimate  property,  recognized  by  the  laws  of  the  land,  Avhen  they 
thus  aided  the  negro  to  escape  from  slavery.  Many  are  the  exciting  stories 
they  tell,  as  they  "fight  their  battles  o'er  again,'"  of  their  long  and  lonely  trips 
by  night,  and  through  cold  and  storms  of  rain  and  snow,  in  assisting  the  fleeing 
fugitives  on  their  way  to  freedom.  But,  like  Othello,  "their  occupation  is 
gone ;  "  and  one  of  the  results  of  the  war  was  the  accomplishment  of  the  end 
which  was  the  principal  dogma  of  their  political  creed. 

In  1830,  a  small  settlement  was  made  near  what  is  now  Germantown,  in 
Worth  Township,  and  in  1885  numbered  several  families,  of  which  we  find 
John  Sharpe,  Samuel  Beck,  Thomas  Sunderland,  Peter  Muler,  Rev.  Zadock 
Hall,  Charles  Molitor,  .John  F.  Smith,  Andrew  Cress  and  Joseph  Shertz. 
Many  of  these  are  fi'om  France  and  Germany,  and  rank  in  thrift  and  prosperity 
with  any  citizens  in  the  county.  Old  "  Father"'  Hall,  as  everybody  calls  him, 
is  one  of  the  first  Methodist  preachers  in  this  section  of  the  country.  Thus  we 
have  endeavored  to  notice  briefly  the  first  permanent  settlements  made  in  Wood- 
ford County,  and  with  a  short  retrospective  view  of  some  events  connected  with 
this  early  settlement,  we  will  resume  our  work. 

XOTED    CHARACTERS. 

Like  every  other  portion  of  this  great  and  glorious  country  of  ours.  Wood- 
ford County  can  boast  of  some  rather  distinguished  people,  past  and  present. 
Of  these  we  Avill  mention  William  H.  Delph,  an  old  settler,  who  came  to  Illinois 
from  Lexington,  Kentucky,  in  1830,  and  first  located  at  Jacksonville.  He  had 
learned  the  trade  of  engineer  in  Kentucky,  which  vocation  he  followed  after 
coming  west,  and  was  the  first  engineer  to  run  a  train  of  cars  on  an  Illinois 
railroad — a  road  that  extended  from  Jacksonville  to  Meredosia  on  the  Illinois 
River,  and  was  known  as  the  "  Great  Western  Railroad."  It  is  quite  interest- 
ing to  hear  Mr.  Delph  describe  this  primitive  engine,  as  well  as  the  running  of 
the  trains  on  the  road.  Our  descriptive  powers  are  not  sufiicient  to  transfer  the 
picture  to  these  pages.  He  relates  how,  on  a  certain  occasion,  the  train  over- 
took a  man  walking  on  the  tack,  whom  he  recognized  as  a  deaf  mute  living  near 
by,  and  without   stopping  or  checking  up  his  train,  he  walked  round  on  the 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  233 

^'  deck  "  to  the  front  of  the  engine,  and,  putting  out  his  hand,  pushed  the  man 
out  of  the  way.  Mr.  Delph,  while  living  at  Lexington,  Kentucky,  remembers 
very  distinctly  the  visit  of  General  La  Fayette  to  that  place,  during  his  tour  of 
LTnited  States  in  1825.  He  states  that  he  had  an  introduction  to  the  General, 
and  in  the  evenino-  sat  in  a  Masonic  Lodge  with  him.  He  claims  to  he  one  of 
the  oldest  Masons  living  in  the  State  of  Illinois,  having  belonged  to  the  Frater- 
nity nearly  sixty  years.  He  was  made  Postmaster  at  Metamora  by  Abraham 
Lincoln,  an  office  he  held  until  the  inauguration  of  President  Hayes,  when  he 
resio'ned. 

John  Brickler,  a  native  of  Lorraine,  France,  and  one  of  the  early  settlers 
near  the  present  town  of  Metamora,  and  who  died  a  few  years  ago,  on  the  place 
whore  his  daughter,  Mrs.  Farver,  now  lives,  was  a  soldier  in  the  Grand  Army  of 
France  in  its  ill-fated  expedition  into  Russia,  under  the  First  Napoleon,  and 
shared  in  the  privations  and  miseries  of  the  disastrous  retreat  from  Moscow — an 
event  in  which  there  is  probably  embodied  more  of  "glory  and  of  gloom  "  than 
anything  of  its  kind  in  the  annals  of  man.  Many  of  his  old  acquaintances  are 
yet  familiar  with  the  stories  he  used  to  tell,  of  that  awful  retreat  and  its  accom- 
paniment of  horrors,  when  his  starving,  freezing  comrades,  after  struggling 
through  the  storm  all  the  long  dreary  day,  sunk  down  at  niglit,  many  to  rise  no 
more,  while  the  blinding  storm  rapidly  wove  its  winding  sheet,  and  the  tall 
pines,  swaying  and  roaring  in  the  wind,  howled  their  mournful  requiem. 

Louis  Guibert,  an  old  pioneer  of  the  Spring  Bay  settlement,  was  born  in 
France,  and  was  a  soldier  of  the  Republic  and  of  the  First  Empire,  sharing  in 
many  of  the  great  battles  of  Napoleon.  At  the  battle  of  Austerlitz,  he  beheld 
one-half  of  his  company  shot  down  by  a  single  discharge  of  an  enemy's  battery  ; 
and  in  another  engagement,  was  one  of  eight  out  of  a  company  of  seventy-one 
men  who  survived  the  battle.  He  received  the  grai^e  of  Captain  from  Napoleon 
himself,  on  the  field  of  Austerlitz,  in  acknowledgment  of  his  bravery.  He 
came  to  America  in  1833,  and  settled  near  Spring  Bay,  in  that  portion  of  the 
settlement  now  in  Partridge  Township,  where  he  peacefully  spent  the  re- 
mainder of  his  life,  in  striking  contrast  to  the  stormy  scenes  of  his  earlier 
years. 

Jacob  Banta,  the  old  patriarch  of  the  Banta  family,  many  of  whom  are  still 
living  in  Woodford  County,  was  born  in  the  State  of  New  Jersey,  almost  in 
sight  of  the  Empire  City,  and  emigrated  to  Kentucky,  with  his  father,  Avhen 
but  fifteen  years  old.  In  1832,  he  came  to  Illinois,  and  stopped  in  Tazewell 
County,  but  in  1835,  settled  within  a  mile  of  the  village  of  Metamora,  where 
he  died  February  26,  1861,  in  his  90th  year.  Born  on  the  eve  of  the  mighty 
struggle  that  resulted  finally  in  the  independence  of  his  country,  and  with  a 
vivid  remembrance  of  the  roar  of  its  battles,  he  died  on  the  eve  of  another  and 
mightier  revolution,  that  f  »r  a  time  bade  fair  to  crumble  it  into  ruins,  and  it 
seems  an  act  of  mercy,  that  he  was  taken  hence  before  the  storm  of  civil  war 
burst  upon  the  land  he  loved  so  well. 


234  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

John  Page,  Sr.,  already  mentioned  in  this  history,  came  from  New  Hamp- 
shire. He  was  a  man  of  sterling  honesty  and  noble  aspirations,  who  would 
have  sacrificed  his  right  arm  rather  than  to  stoop  to  a  mean  act.  Often  favored 
with  public  trusts — having  once  been  sent  to  the  Legislature  from  this  district, 
and  three  times  from  his  old  district,  in  New  Hampshire — he  took  no  delight  in 
these  honors,  but  always  preferred  the  proud  title  of  an  honest  farmer.  In 
1834.  he  made  a  trip  through  this  Western  country,  with  a  view  of  seeking  a 
new  home.  He  traveled  on  horseback  over  this  vast  and  wonderful  countrv — 
wonderful  in  many  respects  to  the  quiet  citizens  of  the  "'■  Old  Granite  Hill  " — 
and  in  the  latter  part  of  the  Summer  returned  home,  well  pleased  with  his  trip 
to  the  West.  As  he  was  the  first  from  the  mountains  of  Gilmanton  (his  na_ 
tive  town)  to  visit  the  "  Prairie  Land,"  his  neighbors  gathered  at  his  house,  on 
his  return,  and  listened,  with  deep  interest,  to  his  description  of  the  country  he 
had  seen. 

In  May,  1835,  with  the  little  colony  we  alluded  to  in  connection  with  the 
Metamora  settlement,  he  started  again  for  the  Great  West.  They  came,  by 
wagons,  to  Troy,  N.  Y,,  thence,  by  canal,  to  Buffalo.  Here  they  took  a 
steamer  to  Cleveland,  0.,  thence,  by  canal,  to  Portsmouth,  on  the  Ohio  River, 
and  by  steamboat  down  the  Ohio,  and  up  the  Mississippi  and  Illinois  Rivers 
to  Pekin,  111.,  and  finally  to  the  settlement  near  the  present  town  of  Meta- 
mora. 

In  proof  of  the  estimation  in  which  Mr.  Page  was  held  among  those  who 
knew  him.  we  give  the  following,  copied  from  the  original : 

Marshal's  Office  of  the  United  States,  fok  the^ 

District  of  New  Hampshibe,  J- 

At  Gilmanton,  April  Iti,  183.5.  ' 

To  WHOM  it  may  Concern  : 

This  is  to  Certify,  That  I  am  well  acquainted  with  the  bearer,  John  Page,  Escj.,  of  said  Gil- 

rnanton :    that  \Te  were  both  born,  bred  and  brought  up  in  paid  town  together,  and  have  there 

resided  up  to  this  time.     And  as  he  is  about  to  leave  his  native  land,  to  settle  in  a  sister  State, 

I   do  most  cheerfully  and  respectfully  recommend  him  to  the  good  people  of  the  United  States, 

wherever  he  may  be,  as  a  gentleman  of  the  highest  sense  of  honor,  honesty  and  integrity,  and 

whose  character  is  unimpeachable  ;  and  who  is  as  much  beloved  and  respected  by  his  friends  and 

acquaintances  (which  are  numerous)  as  any  other  gentleman  of  his  age  in  the  ■'  Granite  State." 

And  may  God,  in  His  infinite  mercy,  prosper  and  protect  him  and  his  beloved  family,  in  the  great 

enterprise  they  have  undertaken. 

PEARSON  COGSWELL, 

Marshal  of  the  United  States  for  the  District  of  New  Hampihire. 

New  Hampshire  District. 

By  request,  I  hereby  certify  that  I  am  well  acquainted  with  Hon.  Pearson  Cogswell.  Mar- 
shal of  New  Hampshire  DistricJ,  and  know  that  the  foregoing  certificate  is  in  his  proper  hand- 
writing. 

In  verification  whereof,  I  have  hereto  subscribed  my  name  and 
affixed  the  seal  of  the  District  Court  of  the  United  States, 
[l.  s.]  for  New  Hampshire  District. 

CHARLES  W.  CUTTER,  aerk. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  23r) 

That  Mr.  Page  was  all  that  was  represented  in  the  foregoing,  can  be  attested 
by  hundreds  still  living  in  Woodford  County.  He  was  of  the  Society  of 
Friends,  or  Quakers,  of  the  broadest  benevolence,  and  a  man  of  peace. 

"  Peace  folds  her  snowy  pinions  o'er  his  grave, 
And  soft  winds  sigh  the  requiem  of  his  soul, 
As  he  sleeps  'neath  flowers  fair." 

He  died  October  ],  1855,  and  the  affection  of  his  surviving  sons,  on  whose 
shoulders  the  father's  mantle  worthily  rests,  have  placed  a  noble  monument  in 
the  village  cemetery  to  his  memory. 

Further  mention  of  the  Pages  is  made  in  the  history  of  Metamora  Town- 
ship. 

Thomas  Bullock,  familiarly  known  as  "  Uncle  Tom  "  Bullock,  and  the  very 
father  of  Woodford  County,  is  a  scion  of  the  old  Bullock  stock  of  Kentucky, 
than  whom  none  better  exists  in  that  proud  old  Commonwealth,  so  prolific  of 
great  men.  To  him,  it  may  be  said,  the  county  owes  its  existence ;  he  it  was 
that  took  the  initiative  steps  toward  its  formation,  and  he,  after  the  preliminary 
steps  were  taken,  engineered  the  project  safely  through  all  the  forms  of  "  red 
tape  "  in  the  General  Assembly,  until  it  came  forth  from  the  '"  Governmental 
furnace  "  a  full-fledged  county.  He  has  always  been  an  active  and  enterprising 
man — foremost  in  every  enterprise  intended  to  promote  the  welfare  of  the 
county  in  which  he  takes  such  a  lively  interest. 

Count  Clopiska,  a  native  of  Poland,  who,  for  some  state  or  political  offense, 
was  expatriated  from  his  native  land,  came  to  the  United  States,  and  to  Illinois, 
and  for  several  years  lived  in  the  city  of  El  Paso.  He  was  a  fine  type  of  the 
polished  gentleman,  and  his  misfortunes  were  a  key  to  the  warm  hearts  of  the 
American  people.  The  citizens  of  El  Paso  took  a  strong  interest  in  his  Avelfare, 
and  when  he  died,  "a  stranger  in  a  strange  land,"  with  no  loved  one  nigh  to 
smooth  his  dying  pillow  or  wipe  the  cold,  damp  dews  from  his  paling  brow, 
Mr.  W.  M.  Jenkins,  an  old  and  honored  citizen  of  El  Paso,  had  him  neatly 
interred  in  his  own  lot  in  the  city  cemetery,  where  the  distinguished  old  for- 
eigner sleeps  as  peacefully,  perhaps,  as  if  he  slumbered  in  the  marble  vaults  of 
his  ancestors. 

There  are  many  others  of  more  or  less  prominence  in  the  county,  who  will 
be  particularized  in  the  history  of  their  respective  townships,  and  the  sections 
where  their  talents  have  been  employed. 

ORGANIZATION  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

We  have  already  given  the  names  of  settlers,  so  far  as  can  be  obtained  up 
to  the  year  1835,  with  the  date  of  their  settlements,  and  showing  their  increase 
in  numbers  every  year  from  the  time  Blanchard  built  the  first  cabin  on  this  side 
of  the  Illinois  River,  in  1822.  By  the  year  1840,  the  population  had  become 
so  numerous  that  the  organization  of  the  new  county  seemed  an  actual  necessity. 
The  counties  in  which  these  settlements  were  embraced  were  large,  and  many 


236  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

of  the  inhabitants  at  an  inconvenient  distance  from  the  places  of  holding  the 
courts.  A  few  men  of  Walnut  Grove,  and  in  the  vicinity  of  Versailles,  then  the 
principal  town,  made  an  effort,  in  1840,  to  secure  a  new  county,  and  a  petition 
to  the  Legislature  was  prepared  and,  after  receiving  the  requisite  number  of 
signers,  was  presented  to  that  august  body,  then  in  session,  by  Mr.  Thomas 
Bullock,  who  has  been  mentioned  as  the  prime  mover  in  the  affair  from  the  first 
inception  of  the  project  until  its  final  accomplishment.  As  a  relic  of  interest 
in  the  history  of  the  county,  we  copy  the  entire  act  from  the  original  docu- 
ment, noAY  before  us,  with  all  the  official  names  and  signatures  appended  required 
in  the  premises  to  render  it  valid : 

An  Act  for  the  Formation  of  the   Countij  of  Woodford. 

Section  1.  Be  it  enacted  by  the  People  of  the  State  of  Illinois,  represented  in  the  General 
Assembly.,  That  all  that  section  of  country  situated  in  the  following  boundry,  to  wit :  beginning 
at  the  southwest  corner  of  Livingston  County,  thence  on  a  straight  line  to  the  northwest  corner 
of  the  southwest  quarter  of  Section  Twenty.  Township  Twenty-five  North.  Range  One,  east  of 
the  Third  Principal  ^leridau  ;  thence  south  to  the  northwest  corner  of  the  southwest  quarter  of 
Section  Twenty-nine,  Township  and  Range  aforesaid,  thence  west  to  the  Tazewell  County  line, 
thence  north  one  and  a-half  miles,  thence  west  to  the  center  of  Township  Twenty-five  North, 
Range  Two.  West  of  the  Third  Principal  Meridian,  thence  north  to  the  line  between  Townships 
Twenty-six  and  Twenty-seven,  thence  west  to  the  Illinois  River,  thence  with  said  river  to  the 
northwest  corner  of  Tazewell  County,  thence  with  the  northern  boundary  of  Tazewell  and  McLean 
counties  to  Livingston  County,  thence  sottth  to  the  beginning ;  which  shall  constitute  a  county  to 
be  called  Woodford. 

Sec.  2.  There  shall  be  an  election  held  on  the  second  Monday  in  April  next,  at  the  town 
of  Versailles,  and  at  each  of  the  places  of  voting  for  Justices  of  the  Peace  and  Constables  in  the 
limits  of  the  said  County  of  Woodford.  The  election  shall  be  conducted  by  the  present  Judges 
of  Elections  in  said  county,  who  have  been  appointed  by  the  counties  of  Tazewell  and  McLean,  in 
accordance  with  the  election  laws  of  the  State,  at  which  election  the  legal  voters  of  the  said  county 
of  IFoorf/brrfshall  elect  all  county  officers  fcr  said  county,  who  shall  be  qualified  and  commissioned  as 
similar  officers  are  of  other  counties  of  this  State.  Said  officers  so  elected  and  qualified  shall  hold  their 
offices  until  the  next  ensuing  general  election  for  such  officers  now  provided  l)y  law.  and  shall 
have  the  same  jurisdiction,  and  discharge  all  the  duties  within  the  limits  of  the  said  county  of 
Woodford  that  are  required  by  law  of  similar  officers  of  other  counties  of  this  State. 

Sec.  3.  Within  five  days  after  said  election,  the  Jtidges  of  Election  at  the  different  places 
of  voting  shall  return  the  poll  books  of  said  election  to  the  town  of  Versailles,  in  said  county, 
directed  to  Matthew  Bracken.  John  W.  Brown  and  Morgan  Buckingham,  three  acting  Justices 
of  the  Peace  within  the  limits  of  said  county,  and  the  said  Justices  shall  meet  in  the  said  town 
of  Versailles  within  seven  days  after  said  election  and  proceed  to  open  said  election  returns,  and 
do  and  perform  all  the  duties  in  relation  to  said  returns  that  now  are  required  of  Clerks  of 
County  Coinmissioners'  Courts  by  law  in  relation  to  similar  returns. 

Sec.  4.  As  soon  as  the  county  officers  shall  have  been  elected  and  qualified  as  provided  for 
in  this  act.  the  county  shall  be  considered  organized,  and  the  Clerk  of  the  County  Commissioners' 
Court  shall  give  notice  of  the  same  to  the  Judge  of  the  Eighth  Judicial  Circuit,  who  shall  appoint 
a  Clerk  of  the  Circuit  Court,  and  hold  courts  in  said  county,  at  the  town  of  Versailles,  until  the 
county  seat  of  said  county  shall  be  located  as  hereinafter  provided  for.  Said  county  of  Woodford 
shall  form  a  part  of  tlie  Eighth  Judicial  Circuit  until  otherwise  provided  by  law. 

Sec.  5.  Suits  and  indictments  that  have  been  commenced,  or  may  hereafter  be  commenced, 
in  the  Circuit  Court  of  Tazewell  or  McLean  Counties,  by  any  of  the  citizens  living  in  the  county 
of  Woodford,  before  the  organization  thereof,shall  not  be  affected  by  this  act,  but  all  suits  so  com- 
menced shall  be  decided  in  the  Circuit  Courts  of  the  Counties  of  Tazewell  and  McLean,  where 
they  originated. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  237 

Sec.  6.  All  .Justices  of  the  Peace  and  Constables  elected  in  the  counties  of  Tazewell  or 
lyicLean,  who  reside  in  the  limits  of  the  county  of  AVoodford,  shall  hold  their  offices  and  have 
jurisdiction  in  the  said  county  of  Woodford,  as  though  they  had  been  originally  elected  in  said 
county. 

Sec.  7.  The  school  funds  belonging  to  the  several  townships  in  said  county,  and  all  notes 
and  mortgages  pertaining  to  the  same,  shall  be  paid  and  delivered  over  to  the  School  Commis- 
sioner of  the  county  of  Woodford  by  the  School  Commissioners  of  the  counties  of  Tazewell  and 
McLean  so  soon  as  said  county  shall  be  organized  and  the  Commissioner  of  School  Lands  ap- 
pointed and  qualified  according  to  law,  together  with  all  interest  arising  out  of  said  money  that 
has  not  been  heretofore  expended  for  school  purposes  in  those  parts  of  Tazewell  and  McLean 
Counties  now  included  in  the  county  of  Woodford. 

Sec.  8.  The  seat  of  justice  of  said  county  shall  be  temporarily  located  in  the  town  of  Ver- 
sailles for  the  term  of  two  years  from  and  after  the  organization  of  said  county,  Provided  the 
inhabitants  of  said  town  furnish  a  good  and  suitable  house  for  holding  courts  and  for  other 
public  business,  free  of  charge  to  said  county,  ])ut.  on  their  failing  to  comply  with  said  condi- 
tion, the  County  Commissioners  may  remove  the  same  to  such  place  where  a  suitable  building 
can  be  procured.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Clerk  of  the  County  Commissioners'  Court  to  issue 
writs  of  election  to  the  .Judges  of  Election  in  the  several  precincts  of  said  county  to  hold  an 
election,  to  be  governed  in  all  respects  by  the  laws  of  this  State  in  relation  to  the  election  of 
Members  of  the  General  Assembly,  within  thirty  days  from  and  after  the  expiration  of  the 
above  said  two  years,  to  locate  and  establish  the  seat  of  justice.  The  place  receiving  a  majority 
of  all  the  votes  polled  shall  be  the  permanent  seat  of  justice  of  Woodford  County.  But  if  more 
than  one  place  shall  have  been  voted  for  and  no  one  having  received  a  majority  of  all  the  legal 
votes  polled,  the  Clerk  aforesaid  shall  issue  writs  of  election,  as  in  the  iirst  case,  for  a  second 
election  within  twenty  days  from  the  tirst  election,  but  no  place  or  places  shall  be  voted  for  but 
the  two  having  received  the  greatest  number  of  votes  at  the  first  election  ;  nor  shall  any  place 
be  voted  for  in  either  case  unless  the  proprietor  or  proprietors  shall  have  first  deposited  a  bond 
or  bonds  for  at  least  fifteen  hundred  dollars,  with  good  and  sufficient  security,  in  the  office  of  the 
Clerk  of  the  County  Commissioners'  Court,  for  the  payment  and  discharge  of  such  donations  as 
may  be  offered,  which  shall  be  collected  by  the  County  Commissioners  and  applied  to  the  erection 
of  public  buildings. 

Sec.  9.  The  County  Commissioners  of  the  County  of  Woodford  shall,  at  their  December 
term  in  the  year  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  forty-one,  and  at  their  December  term  annually 
thereafter,  pay  out  of  the  County  Treasury  the  sum  of  ninety-five  dollars,  which  sum  shall  be- 
paid  as  their  portion  of  the  interest  due  by  the  county  of  McLean  on  the  county  house  debt ; 
and  the  County  Commissioners  shall  also  pay,  after  the  year  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and 
forty-four,  in  two  equal  annual  installments,  the  sum  of  twelve  hundred  dollars,  as  their  respect- 
ive portion  of  the  principal  of  the  aforesaid  debt;  and  when  the  provisions  of  this  section  are 
fully  complied  with,  the  said  county  of  Woodford  shall  be  exempt  from  all  furtiier  liabilities  to 
the  county  of  ^IcLean,  provided,  however,  that  the  revenue  necessary  to  pay  the  above  principal 
and  interest  shall  be  collected  from  the  inhabitants  within  that  part  of  Woodford  County  which 
is  set  off  from  the  county  of  McLean. 

Sec.  10.  The  legal  voters  residing  within  the  boundaries  of  the  county  of  Woodford  shall 
continue  to  vote  for  Senators  and  Representatives  with  the  counties  of  McLean  and  Tazewell, 
the  same  as  if  no  division  of  said  counties  had  taken  place,  and  the  returns  of  said  elections 
shall  be  made  to  the  Clerks  of  the  County  Commissioners'  Courts  of  Tazewell  and  McLean  respect- 
ively ;  the  Circuit  shall  be  held  in  said  county,  at  such  times  as  the  Judge  of  the  Eighth  Judicial 
Circuit  may  hereafter  appoint,  until  otherwise  provided  by  law. 

W.  L.  D.  EWING, 

\  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Representatives. 

S.  H.  ANDERSON, 
Approved  February  17,  1841.  Speaker  of  the  Senate. 

THO.  CARLIN,  Governor. 


238  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

STATE  OF  ILLINOIS,  \ 

Office  of  Secretary  of  State,  j 

I,  Stephen  A.  Douglas,  Secretary  of  State,  do  hereby  certify  the  foregoing  to  be  a  true  and 
perfect  copy  of  the  enrolled  law  on  file  in  my  office. 

Witness  my  hand  and  the  seal  of  State. 
[Seal  of  the  State.]  Springfield,  February  27,  1841. 

S.  A.  DOUGLAS,  Sec.  of  State. 

About  the  time  the  movement  was  made  for  the  organization  of  Woodford 
County,  a  similar  one  was  inaugurated  at  Washington,  a  village  of  Tazewell, 
for  a  new  county,  with  the  county  seat  at  that  place.  On  learning,  however,  of 
Bullock's  project,  and  the  start  he  had  of  them  in  the  matter,  the  Washington 
people  changed  their  petition  into  the  form  of  a  remonstrance  to  the  Legislature 
against  the  new  county  of  Woodford.  TRe  contest  of  the  two  parties  became 
close  and  warm,  and  each  found  in  the  other 

"  Foemen  worthy  of  their  steel." 

For  some  time  the  excitement  ran  pretty  high,  and  considerable  doubt  existed  aa 
to  which  would  be  the  successful  party.  But  the  untiring  energy  and  persever- 
ance of  Mr.  Bullock  finally  won  the  day,  and  after  a  stormy  and  tedious  contest 
in  the  General  Assembly,  it  passed  both  houses  and  received  the  signature  of 
the  Governor  as  noted  above.  Thus  sprang  into  existence  the  county  of  Wood- 
ford, with  its  seat  of  justice  at  the  village  of  Versailles.  The  names — Wood- 
ford and  Versailles — were  both  given  by  Mr.  Bullock  in  honor  of  his  old  county 
and  its  capital  in  Kentucky,  which  are  the  same. 

THE    FIRST    CIRCUIT    COURT. 

The  first  session  of  the  Circuit  Court  was  held  on  the  24th  day  of  Septem- 
ber, 1841,  by  Hon.  Samuel  H.  Treat,  presiding  in  the  Eighth  Judicial  Circuit, 
to  which  circuit  Woodford  County  was  assigned.  Judge  Treat  had  previously 
appointed  the  Fridays  before  the  fourth  Monday  in  April  and  September  in  each 
year,  as  the  time  for  holding  the  Circuit  Court,  and  had  also  appointed  Samuel 
J.  Cross  Clerk.  The  following  extract  is  taken  from  the  records  of  the  first 
session  of  the  court : 

"Present,  Hon.  Saml.  H.  Treat,  one  of  the  Justices  of  the  Supreme 
Court,  presiding  and  holding  court  in  the  Eighth  Judicial  Circuit  of  the  State 
of  Illinois;  Saml.  J.  Cross,  Clerk,  and  William  S.  Magarity,  Sheriff."  The 
following  were  the  Grand  Jurors  at  this  session,  as  copied  from  the  court  records  : 
"John  Page,  Sr.,  Foreman,  Thos.  A.  McCord,  John  Mohr,  S.Y.Barnard, 
Reubin  Carlock,  H.  J.  Clark,  James  Findley,  David  Travis,  Elijah  Dickinson, 
Caleb  Davidson,  Ellis  Parker,  Parker  Morse,  Sr.,  William  Dodd,  James  Owens, 
John  C.  Coons,  Joseph  Wilkerson,  George  Bennett  and  Jesse  Hammers,"  who 
were  "  elected,  charged  and  sworn  to  inquire  for  the  body  of  the  County  of 
Woodford."  But  two  indictments  were  made  by  this  jury — one  against  Nathaniel 
Wilson  for  larceny,  who  gave  bail  for  his  appearance  at  the  next  term  of  court, 


:^ 


EL  PASO 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  241 

and  the  other  against  Alfred  Moore  for  arson,  who  petitioned  for  a  change  of 
venue  to  Tazewell  County,  Avhich  was  granted,  and  he  gave  the  necessary  bail. 
Samuel  J.  Cross  presented  his  bond  for  two  thousand  dollars,  with  Thos.  H. 
Baker,  Reubin  Carlock  and  Henry  J.  Clarke  as  securities,  which  was  approved 
by  the  court,  when  he  was  sworn  in  by  M.  L.  Covell,  Clerk  of  McLean  County. 
The  Sheriff's  bond  for  one  thousand  dollars,  with  James  Magarity,  Daniel 
Travis  and  David  Deweese  as  securities,  also  the  bond  for  two  thousand  dollars 
of  William  Hoshor  as  Coroner,  with  Robert  M.  Clarke  as  security,  were  pre- 
sented and  approved.  The  oath  to  "•  support  the  Constitution  of  the  United 
States  and  the  State  of  Illinois,"  was  then  administered,  and  the  new  officers 
entered  upon  their  duties.     The  first  case  on  the  docket  was  : 

George  Cage.  Appellee,     \ 

vs  y  In  Appeal. 

Isaac  W.  Lowe,  Appellant,  j 

"  It  is  ordered  by  the  Court  that  this  suit  be  dismissed,  as  per  agreement  on  file.  It  is,  there- 
fore, considered  that  the  plaintitf  recover  of  the  defendant  his  costs,  etc.,  and  that  he  have  execu- 
tion." The  Court  lasted  two  days,  and  in  addition  to  the  business  already  noticed,  several  suits 
for  debt  were  tried,  in  which  judgment  was  given  for  default.  Among  the  lawyers  present  were 
Abraham  Lincoln,  David  Davis,  A.  Gridley,  Col.  E.  D.  Baker  and  several  others  of  some  promi- 
nence in  this  section  of  the  State.  David  R.  Campbell,  of  Springfield,  was  present  as  State's 
Attorney. 

The  first  case  tried  by  the  jury  was  at  the  April  Term,  in  1842,  and  was  : 

"  The  People  of  the  State  of  Illinois  ] 

vs.  V  Indictment  for  intent  to  injiict  bodily  iiijui'y." 

.James  L.  Gardiner.  J 

The  following  were  the  jurors' in  the  case:  George  M.  Arnold,  Chas.  T. 
Boggs,  James  Bracken,  John  Barnes,  Samuel  Arnold,  Ephraim  Potter,  Sr,, 
Samuel  Kirkpatrick,  Allen  Hart,  George  Bennett,  Lewis  Stevens,  David 
Deweese  and  Samuel  Mundell,  who  returned  a  verdict  of  "Guilty,"  and  he  was 
"  fined  thirty  dollars  and  costs."  The  first  prisoner  sent  to  State's  Prison  from 
the  county  was  one  William  Hopkins,  for  larceny,  on  a  change  of  venue  from 
Tazewell  County.  The  case  was  tried  at  the  September  Term  in  1850,  and  the 
prisoner  having  withdrawn  his  plea  of  "Not  Guilty"  and  pleaded  "  Guilty," 
was  sentenced  to  the  "  State  Penitentiary,  at  Alton,  for  the  period  of  eighteen 
months,  twenty  days  of  which  shall  be  in  solitary  confinement,  and  the  residue  of 
said  term  at  hard  labor,"  by  Hon.  David  Davis,  the  presiding  Judge  at  the  time. 

THE    COUNTY    COMMISSIONERS'    COURT. 

In  accordance  with  the  act  forming  Woodford  County,  an  election  was  held 
in  April,  184 L,  for  county  officers,  which  resulted  as  follows:  John  J.  Perry, 
Clerk ;  Joseph  Meek,  James  Boys  and  Josiah  Moore,  County  Commissioners  • 
Wm.  S.  Magarity,  Sheriff.  At  the  first  term  of  the  County  Commissioners' 
Court,  held  in  June,  1841,  the  term  of  service  of  the  Commissioners  was  decided 
by  lot,  Joseph  Meeks  receiving  the  shortest  term,  which  expired  August,  1841, 
James  Boys,  1842,  and  Josiah  Moore,  1843.  The  county  was  laid  off  into  four 
election   precincts,    viz.:    First    Precinct,   Bowling   Green,    with   Eli    Patrick, 


242  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 

Samuel  Arnold  and  Samuel  Kirkpatrick  as  Judges  of  Election  ;  Second  Pre- 
cinct, Versailles,  with  Henry  J.  Clark,  Warren  C.  Watkins  and  Ben  Major, 
Judges  of  Election ;  Third  Precinct,  Partridge,  Jefferson  Iloshor,  John  Page, 
Sr.,  and  Joel  Raney,  Judges  of  Elections  ;  Fourth  Precinct,  Richland,  Benj.  D. 
Perry,  Jessie  Hammers  and  Jefferson  Sonards,  Judges  of  Elections.  Reubin 
Carlock,  of  Bowling  Green  ;  Benj.  J.  Radford,  of  Versailles  ;  John  Page,  of 
Partridge,  and  J.  Foster,  of  Richland,  were  appointed  Overseers  of  the  Poor ; 
Ben.  Major,  County  Commissioner  of  Schools.  The  Court  elected  the  Grand 
and  Petit  Jurors  for  the  Circuit  Court  Term,  to  be  held  in  the  following  Sep- 
tember. The  names  of  the  Grand  Jurors  have  already  been  given  in  connec- 
tion with  the  Circuit  Court,  and  the  following  are  the  Petit  Jurors  for  the  same 
term  :  Wesley  Arnold,  Jacob  Stevenson,  William  Long,  William  Willis,  James 
A.  Whorton,  Thos.  H  Baker,  John  P.  Beaty,  Thos.  Bullock,  Benj.  J.  Rad- 
ford, M.  R.  Bullock,  David  Deweese,  Jas.  Wells,  James  Brown,  Cooley  Curtis, 
Francis  Boggs,  Andrew  Galbraith,  Solomon  Tucker,  Aaron  Richardson,  Samuel 
Arnold,  Wm.  S.  Pratt,  Norman  Dutton,  George  Kingston,  C.  D.  Banta  and 
A.  A.  Brown.  The  following  entry  appears  upon  the  records  at  this  session  of 
the  County  Commissioners'  Court :  "•  Ordered  that  Samuel  J.  Cross,  Clerk  of 
the  Circuit  Court,  and  John  J.  Perry,  Clerk  of  the  County  Commissioners' 
Court,  are  hereby  authorized  to  procure  two  official  seals,  one  for  the  Circuit 
Court,  with  a  '  Balance  '  for  a  design,  and  one  for  the  County  Commissioners' 
Court,  and  for  a  design,  the  likeness  of  a  sheaf  of  wheat ;  when  procured,  to  be 
paid  for  out  of  the  County  Treasury."  William  Rockwell  Avas  the  first  Col- 
lector of  Revenue  for  Woodford  County,  and  filed  a  bond  for  four  thousand 
dollars,  with  David  Travis,  Wm.  Dodd  and  Isaac  J.  Sunderland  as  security, 
which  was  accepted  by  the  Court.     The  following  is  the  first  report : 

AVm.  Rockwell,  Collector  of  Revenue  for  IS4I,  Woodford  County. 

To  Treasurer's  receipts $1,034  60 

By  Treasurer's  receipts $891   18 

By  comiuission  on  first  S500,  at  ten  per  cent 50  00 

By  commission  on  $491.17,  at  six  per  cent 28  15 

By  delinquent  list,  as  above 3  80 

By  lands  and  town  lots  advertised 61   47 

$1,034  60 

James   S.   McCord  was  the  first  County  Treasurer,  and  gave  a  bond  for 

$3,000,  with  Joseph  Brown  and  James  V.  Philips  as  securities.     The  following 

is  his  first  report : 

James  S.  McCord,  Treasurer, 

In  Account  with  W^oodford  County. 

To  Collector's  receipts '  $1,034  60 

By  county  orders  paid $613  61 

By  jury  certificates 24  00 

By  commissions,  at  two  per  cent 12  75 

By  amount  allowed  Collector 78  15 

By  delimiuent  list 3  80 

By  lands  and  town  lots  advertised 67  41 

$793  78 

Balance  in  my  hands $240  82 

March  7,  1842. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  243 

In  contrast  to  this  diminutive  beginning  of  the  financial  affairs  of  a  pros- 
perous county,  "Nve  would  state  just  here  that  the  County  Collector  and  Treas- 
urer for  1878,  Ayers  M.  Whitaker,  as  Collector,  gave  bond  for  ^115,000  ;  and 
as  Treasurer,  gave  bond  for  $150,000,  with  ample  security,  which  was  received 
and  approved  by  the  Board  of  Supervisors. 

The  Chancery  Court  was  organized  in  1842,  and  held  its  first  term  on  the 
22d  day  of  April,  under  Hon.  Samuel  H.  Treat.  There  were  but  a  few  cases 
on  the  docket,  and  none  of  any  great  importance.  Samuel  J.  Cross  was  ap- 
pointed the  first  Master  in  Chancery,  an  office  he  held  for  a  number  of  years. 

The  first  deed  on  record  in  the  Clerk's  Office  of  Woodford  County  is  the 
conveyance  of  a  parcel  of  land  from  "  Isaac  Williams  and  his  Avife,  Eliza  L. 
Williams,  of  the  county  of  Tazewell,  and  State  of  Illinois,  to  James  Ross,  of 
Todd  County,  Ky.,  and  John  H.  Baker,  of  Montgomery  County,  Tenn.,  for 
and  in  consideration  of  the  sum  of  $673.60,  to  them  in  hand  paid,  the  receipt 
whereof,  etc.;  they,  by  these  presents,  etc.;  the  east  half  of  Section  numbered 
50,  of  Township  26  north,  of  Range  1,  west  of  the  Third  Principal  Meridian, 
containing,  by  government  survey,  320  acres,"  etc.  This  deed  was  acknowl- 
edged before  Matthew  Bracken,  Justice  of  the  Peace,  of  Woodford  County, 
under  date  of  May  14,  1841,  and  recorded  June  28,  1841. 

The  first  mortgage  was  given  by  George  Roderkin  and  Elizabeth,  his  wife, 
to  John  H.  Robbins,  on  Lot  No.  4,  in  Block  No.  11,  and  east  half  of  Lot  No. 
1,  in  Block  No.  12,  of  the  town  of  Versailles,  and  "for  and  in  consideration  of 
the  sum  of  $86.41,"  dated  August  3,  1841,  and  recorded  August  4,  1841. 

The  first  sale  of  land  for  delinquent  taxes  was  at  the  Court  House  in  Ver- 
sailles, on  the  2d  day  of  May,  1842,  for  the  unpaid  taxes  of  1841,  and  con- 
sisted of  twenty-three  tracts  of  land  sold,  most  of  which  was  soon  after  re- 
deemed. 

The  first  "letters  of  administration  "  were  issued  to  Henry  J.  Clark,  on  the 
estate  of  Jacob  Stevenson,  deceased,  under  the  date  of  December  20,  1841. 

The  first  marriage  license  on  record  after  the  organization  of  the  county 
was  issued  to  Peter  Hininger  and  Margaret  Hern,  May  22,  1841,  who  were 
married  by  Matthew  Bracken,  Justice  of  the  Peace,  June  8,  1841 ;  and  during 
this  first  year  of  the  new  county,  twenty-seven  marriage  licenses  were  issued. 
With  a  commendable  desire  to  obey  the  command,  "  Go  ye  and  multiply  and  fill 
the  earth,"  there  were  issued  from  the  County  Clerk's  office,  for  the  year  1877, 
171  licenses  to  those  eager  to  fulfill  the  scriptural  injunction. 

FINAL    LOCATION    OF    THE    COUNTY    SEAT. 

As  will  be  noticed  in  the  original  act  for  the  formation  of  Woodford  County, 
the  seat  of  justice  was  to  remain  for  two  years  at  the  town  of  Versailles,  when 
the  final  question  as  to  the  place  of  its  location  was  to  be  submitted  to  a  vote 
of  the  people.  As  is  usual  in  new  counties,  many  towns  and  villages  of  Woodford 
aspired  to  the  dignity  of  becoming  the  county  seat,  of  which  the  most  formidable 


244  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

contestant  Avas  tlie  village  of  Metamora,  then  called  Hanover.    The  act  had  been 
prepared* — giving  the  people  the  right  to  decide  the  county  seat  question  by 
vote — under  the   impression   that  with  the  seat  of  justice  at  Versailles  for  two 
years,  it  would  so  increase  the  importance  of  the  place  and  the  population  in  its 
vicinity,  as  to  render  the  result  of  a  vote  favorable  to  it,  but  falling  somewhat 
short  in  their  expectations,  Mr.  Bullock  still  determined  to  retain  the  "  court  at 
Versailles"  if  at  all  possible,  and  at  the  next  session  of  the  Legislature,  went 
to  Springfield,  where  he  succeeded  in  getting  a  bill  before  the  body  to  locate  the 
seat  of  justice  by  three  Commissioners — named  in  the  bill — who  were  supposed 
to  have  been  selected  because  of  their   partiality  for  the  town   of  Versailles. 
Woodford  was  not  yet  entitled  to  a  Representative  in  the   General  Assembly, 
but  had  continued  to  vote  as  heretofore,  with  Tazewell  County,  whose  Represen- 
tative was  Mr.  Tackerberry,  of  Pekin.     On  learning  of  the  new  movement  on 
foot  to  locate  the  county  seat  by  Commissioners,  instead  of  by  vote  of  the  peo- 
ple, and  which  had  been  represented  as  being  the  wish  of  the  latter,  Tackerberry 
wrote  to  John  Page,  Sr.,  of  Hanover,  and  was  informed  by  Mr.   Page  of  the 
true  state  of  aifairs,  that  the  people  had  expected   to  vote  upon  the  question, 
and  was  ready  at  any  time  to  settle  it  in   that   way.     Page   and   S.    S.   Parks 
hastened  to  Springfield,  when  they  found  the  bill  had  passed  to  its  second  read- 
ing, and  with  all  their  "lobbying,"  and  "log  rolling,"  could  only  succeed  in 
getting  a  "  supplemental  act  "  to  the  original,  giving  them  two  additional  Com- 
missioners, we  believe,  of  their  own  selection.     A  meeting  of  these  Commis- 
sioners was  called  at  Versailles,  in  June,  1843,  for  the  purpose  of  settling  the 
mooted    question.      The    five    Commissioners    were    J.    L.    Sharp,   of    Fulton 
County;  L.  A.    Hanaford,  of  Peoria;  John  H.  Harris,  of  Tazewell;  James  K. 
Scott,  of  De  Witt  and  John  H.   Bryant,  of  Bureau,  a  brother  of  Wm.  Cullen 
Bryant,  the  poet.     There  still  seems  to  have  been  wire  pulling,  even  after  the 
passage  of  the  acts,  and  the  appointment  of  the  Commissioners,   together  with 
time  which  was  to  settle  the  question.     Sharp,  the  Commissioner  from  Fulton 
County,  started  for  the  place  of  meeting  according  to  appointment,  but  at  Pekin 
received  information  that  the  Commissioners  had  already  met  at  Versailles,  and 
there  not  being  a  quorum  present,  had  left  for  their  homes,  without  accomplish- 
ing anything,   when   he,   too,   turned  homeward.      Upon  the  assembling  of  all 
interested  in   the  exciting  question,  and  the   Hanover  faction  learning  of  the 
trick  played  upon  them  in  sending  Sharp — who,  if  not  favorable  to  them,  was 
at  least,   they  believed,   unbiased — about   his  business,  started  John  W.  Page 
after  him  post  haste,  to  bring  him  back  in  time  for  the  meeting  which  was  to 
take  place  the  next  day.     Page,  after  a  long  and  tedious  chase,  finally  came  up 
with  Sharp  at  Centerville,   in   Fulton   County,   and  inquired,   "  Are  you   Mr. 
Sharp?  "  and  being  answered  in  the  afiirmative,  replied,  "  then  I  "am  after  you 
sharp."     Upon  receiving  a  full  explanation  of  how  matters  stood,  Sharp  agreed 
to  return,   and   they  immediately  set  out,  but   his  horse  gave  out   by  the  time 

*  Under  the  aupervisiou  of  Mr.  Bullock  aud  the  Veraailles  party. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  245 

they  reached  Washington,  where  they  were  forced  to  remain  over  night.  The 
next  morning  they  came  on  to  Versailles  and  the  Commissioners  held  their 
meeting.  After  visiting  the  different  points  contesting  for  the  honor  of  the 
position,  it  was  finally  settled,  and  possibly  for  all  time,  accorning  to  the  follow- 
ing report  on  file  in  the  County  Clerk's  office : 

We.  the  undersigned,  Commissioners,  appointed  by  an  aet  of  the  Legislature  of  the  State  of 
Illinois  to  locate  the  seat  of  justice  of  the  county  of  Woodford,  approved  February  28,1843. 
and  an  act  supplemental  to  said  act,  approved  March  6,  1843,  having  met  at  the  town  of  Ver- 
sailles, and  been  duly  sworn  according  to  the  provisions  of  said  act,  have  proceedel  to  examine 
said  county  and  the  different  sites  proposed  for  said  seat  of  justice  with  respect  to  the  present 
and  future  population  of  said  county,  and  after  mature  deliberation  have  agreed  to  locate  the 
said  seat  of  justice  in  the  town  of  Hanover,  on  Sections  17  and  20,  in  Township  27  north  of  the 
base  line.  Range  2  west  of  the  Third  Principal  Meridan,  and  that  the  public  buildings  for  said 
county  be  built  on  such  blocks  or  lots  as  the  County  Commissionei'S  of  said  county  shall  think  best. 

Done  at  Versailles,  this  17th  day  of  .Tune.  1843. 

.1.  L.  SHARP, 

L.  A.  HANAFORD. 

JOHN  H.  BRYANT. 

Commissioners. 
THE    COURT    HOUSE. 

The  present  Court  House  of  Woodford  County  Avas  built  in  1845,  by  David 
Irving.  The  contract  was  taken  by  Rockwell  and  Parks,  two  prominent  citizens 
of  Hanover,  and  the  former  a  stockholder  in  the  Hanover  Company,  which  com- 
pany owned  some  12,000  acres  of  land  near  the  town.  Its  members  had  taken 
an  active  i)art  in  getting  the  county  seat  removed  to  Hanover,  and  made,  it  is 
said,  liberal  donations  toward  the  erection  of  the  public  buildings.  Neither 
Rockwell  nor  Parks  being  mechanics,  they  sub-let  the  contract  for  building  the 
Court  House  to  Mr.  Irving,  who  at  once  proceeded  to  work  preparing  timbers  and 
material  for  it.  Building  facilities  Avere  not  s^  good  nor  so  complete  then  as  at 
the  present  day,  and  such  a  contract  was  looked  upon  as  an  undertaking  of 
stupendous  magnitude.  Railroads  in  Illinois,  as  w^ell  as  in  the  United  States, 
were  in  their  infancy,  and  such  a  transaction  as  going  to  Chicago,  buying  the 
material  for  a  large  building  and  receiving  it  on  the  spot  in  a  day  or  two  after 
purchase,  was  an  event  beyond  the  wildest  imagination  of  the  most  visionary 
individual  of  the  time. 

Irving  burned  his  OAvn  brick,  got  out  the  timbers  in  the  neighboring  forest, 
cut  logs  and  hauled  them  to  Parks'  saw-mill,  at  what  was  then  called  Partridge 
Point,  from  which  the  lumber  was  sawed  for  the  joists  and  the  floors.  The 
finishing  lumber  was  white  walnut,  from  Johnson's  mill,  near  Spring  Bay,  where 
the  log-s  were  cut  and  sawed.  It  was  covered  with  shingles  made  of  black  wal- 
nut,  in  the  woods  near  town,  and  the  lime,  with  the'exception  of  a  small  quan- 
tity burned  near  the  work,  was  hauled  in  wagons  from  the  Kickapoo  bluffs, 
beyond  Peoria.  The  contract  for  building  was  taken  by  Irving  for  f4,400  and 
was  paid  for  with  the  lots  donated  by  the  Hanover  Company  for  the  purpose, 
and  with  the  surplus  revenues  of  the  county  for  two  years.  It  is  a  substantial 
two  story  brick,  of  much  better  material  and  workmanship  than  is  usually  put 


246  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

into  a  building  at  the  present  day,  at  that  modest  price,  and  is  a  type  of  the  old 
court  houses  of  forty  years  ago,  still  numerous  in  Illinois.  The  house  used  in 
A^ersailles,  for  the  sessions  of  the  Ponorable  Court,  has,  it  is  said  by  some,  passed 
away  Avitti  other  relics,  and,  by  others,  that  it  has  fallen  from  its  exalted  position 
and  been  converted  into  a  stock  barn. 

After  the  removal  of  the  county  seat  to  Hanover  (now  Metamora),  and  until 
the  Court  Couse  was  completed,  court  was  held  in  a  little  house  which  stood  at 
the  southeast  corner  of  the  square,  where  Plank's  law  office  now  stands.  The 
September  session,  in  1843,  was  the  first  Circuit  Court  held  in  the  new 
metropolis.  In  those  days  there  seem  to  have  been  no  blue  or  red  ribbon 
societies  as  now,  as  the  records  of  the  court  for  several  years  show  that  most  of 
the  indictments  were  for  selling  liquors,  with  a  few  variations  occasionally,  for 
"  harboring  slaves." 

In  1849,  the  Legislature  changed  the  mode  of  holding  Countv  Court,  from 


-o'"""'"*"^    "^ — ^^n  —  o 


Commissioners  to  a  Countv  Judge  and  two  Associate  Justices.  Jud^-e  Welcome 
P.  Brown  was  the  first  County  Judge  under  this  law,  with  William  C.  Pointer 
and  W.  E,  Buckinoham  Associates,  and  Edgar  Babcock  the  first  Clerk.  Their 
commissions  were  signed  bv  Augustus  C.  French,  Governor  of  Illinois,  and  H. 
S.  Cooler,  Secretary  of  State.  The  first  business  on  the  records  of  this  new 
court  was  the  granting  of  a  license  to  one  David  A.  Couch  to  keep  a  "grocery" 
at  Spring  Bay,  he  to  pay  the  enormous  sum  of  $6.25  license,  after  giving  bond. 

When  the  county  was  re-organized  under  Government  survey,  in  1850,  the 
list  of  townships  and  their  Supervisors  was  as  follows,  viz. : 

Metamora,  Simon  P.  Shope ;  Montgomery,  James  Vance ;  Olio,  Joseph  Meek ; 
Panola  and  Minonk,  Robert  M.  McCleland ;  Greene,  John  R.  Gaston ;  Roanoke, 
David  S.  Brown  ;  Linn  and  Clayton,  Isaac  Fisher;  Cazenovia,  John  W.  Acres; 
Worth,  Jacob  Shook  ;  Spring  Bay,  Geo.  W.  Schrubley  ;  Partridge,  Jeflerson 
Hoshor  ;  Palestine,  Allen  Hart. 

Simon  P.  Shope  was  elected  Chairman  for  the  ensuing  year,  at  their  first 
meeting,  and  Edgar  Babcock  Clerk ;  but  no  business  was  done  other  than 
organization.  According  to  the  statutes,  it  became  necessary  for  the  Clerk  to 
record  the  abstract  of  taxable  property,  which,  for  1854,  the  first  year  the  act 

was  in  force,  was  as  follows : 

Personal  property  of  Woodford  County ?    640,303.00 

Real  estate  of  Woodford  County 1.589,926.00 

Total  personal  and  real §2,230,229.00 

Total  tax  levied 19,051.44 

As  showing  the  county's   increase  in  wealth  and   in  taxes,  we  append  the 

assessed  valuation  of  property  for  1877  and  the  amount  of  taxes  levied: 

Total  real  and  personal \ S7,901,lfi0.00 

Total  tax  levied 174,7;-i2.00 

The  expenditures  for  the  year  ending  September  1,1877 24,528.73 

At  the  Presidential   election   in   1844,   the   first   after  the  organization  of 

Woodford  County,  the    vote  stood    as    follows:     Polk  Electors  (Democratic), 

3  :2  ;  Clay  Electors  (Whig),  159. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  247 

Presidential  election  in  1876:  Tilden  Electors  (Democratic),  2,105; 
Hayes    Electors   (Republican),   1,733:    Peter  Cooper  Electors   (Independent), 

237. 

At  present,  Hon.  J.  M.  McCulloch  is  Judge  of  the  Woodford  County  Court; 
Y.  M.  Bassett,  Clerk  ;  John  Leys  and  Jacob  Ray,  Deputies,  and  L.  H.  Bul- 
lock, Sheriff.  George  Thode  is  Clerk  of  the  Circuit  Court,  and  N.  P.  Baker 
Deputy.  Hon.  John  Burns,  of  Lacon,  is  the  Presiding  Judge  of  this  the 
Eio-hth  Judicial  Circuit.  David  Irving,  mentioned  as  building  the  present 
Court  House,  was  the  third  Sheriff  of  the  county  after  its  organization,  and 
Deputy  for  the  term  previous  to  his  election  as  Sheriff. 

THE    "  ANCIENT    CAPITAL." 

Versailles,  the  first  capital  of  Woodford  County,  was  once  a  beautiful  and 
thriving  little  village,  with  the  brightest  prospects  of  a  prosperous  future,  and  a 
location  favorably  adapted  (geographically)  to  warrant  the  fulfillment  of  its  expec- 
tations. It  had  been  laid  out  with  much  care,  upon  the  most  eligible  site, 
equaling,  if  not  even  surpassing,  "-Rome  upon  her  Seven  Hills,"  commanding 
a  view  of  the  surrounding  country,  its  towering  forests  and  vast  prairies  stretch- 
ing away  beyond  the  power  of  vision,  and  combining  a  picture  of  beauty  that 
w^ould  have  enraptured  the  heart  of  a  poet  or  painter.  Near  the  center  of  the 
•county,  and  easy  of  access  from  all  directions,  Avere  qualifications  that  seemed 
to  point  it  out  as  the  proper  place  for  the  seat  of  justice  over  all  contestants. 
But  with  the  removal  of  the  county  seat  to  Hanover,  the  star  of  its  destiny 
Tjegan  to  wane,  and  the  remembrance  of  its  glory  has  almost  faded  from  the 
minds  of  men.  Its  decaying  buildings  show  the  "  ivy  clinging  to  their  mould- 
ering towers,"  or  "hoary  lichen  springing  from  the  disjointed  stones,"  and, 
mocked  by  its  own  desolation, 

"  The  bat,  shrill  shrieking,  woos  its  flickering  mate, 
The  serpent  hisses  and  the  wild  birds  scream." 

Versailles  is  no  more ;  its  business  is  gone,  and  the  place  that  once  knew  it 
as  a  flourishing  village  Avill  soon  know  it  no  more  forever.  It  is  always  a  mel- 
ancholy duty  to  write  of  death  or  decay,  and  we  would  have  fain  avoided  it  in 
this  case,  but  a  faithful  historian  can  be  no  "  respecter  of  persons  "  or  events  of 
a  public  character.  Taking  a  disinterested  view  of  the  organization  of  the 
county  and  all  the  attendant  circumstances,  the  originators  of  the  scheme,  the 
name  of  both  county  and  capital,  and  the  source  from  which  they  were  derived, 
it  seems  a  fact  to  be  regretted  that  Versailles  could  not  have  remained  perma- 
nently the  seat  of  justice. 

Bowling  Green,  said  to  be  the  first  point  in  Woodford  County  where  goods 
were  sold,  like  Versailles,  was  once  a  flourishing  little  village,  with  stores,  a 
post  office  and  a  good  mill.  Business  was  good,  the  citizens  energetic  and 
industrious,  and  it  bade  fair  at  one  time  to  be  a  leading  town  of  the  county,  but 


248  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

the  building  of  railroads  carried  the  tide  in  another  direction,  and  Bowling  Green, 
too,  is  rapidly  passing  away  and  will  soon  be  numbered  with  "  things  that  were." 

The  village  of  Spring  Bay  was  another  of  the  early  business  points  of  the 
county,  before  the  era  of  railroads,  and  was  almost  an  equal  of  Peoria  or  Pekin 
in  energy  and  industry  and  the  amount  of  business  it  did.  A  shipping  point  of 
importance,  Avith  one  of  the  best  steamboat  landings  on  the  Illinois  River,  the 
business  done  yearly  was  truly  wonderful.  But  times  with  it  have  likewise 
changed  ;  its  store  and  business  houses  are  closed  up,  its  business  is  dead,  and 
everything  around  it  speaks  of  decay.  New  towns  and  cities  have  sprung  in 
sections  of  the  county  which  were  "wilderness  wastes"  when  these  villao;es  were 
flourishing  in  all  their  pristine  glory.  The  last  quarter  of  a  century  has 
reversed  the  order  of  things,  and  these  early  towns,  after  enjoying  the  honor  of  their 
day.  have  given  place  to  others  of  greater  pretentions — the  glory  of  the  one  has 
departed,  while  other  is  gilded  with  the  bright  rays  of  their  morning's  prosperity. 

Metamora,  formerly  called  Hanover,  and  at  present  the  county  seat,  is  the 
only  village  laying  claims  to  antiquity  which  has  survived  the  decay  of  its  less 
fortunate  sisters  and  grown  and  improved  until  it  has  become  a  place  of  consid- 
erable distinction.  The  village  of  Hanover  dates  back  almost,  if  not  quite,  to 
the  dawning  period  of  those  already  mentioned,  but  seems  to  have  not  quite  so 
early  as  they  attained  to  a  business  prominence  and  influence. 

OLD     settlers"    association. 

Having  alluded  briefly  to  the  principal  settlements  made  in  AVoodford  County 
at  an  early  day,  and  followed  it  through  its  organization  from  its  first  formation, 
contrasting  its  present  prosperity  with  the  feeble  beginning  of  its  existence  as  a 
county,  we  return  to  the  old  settlers,  and  some  of  the  events  pertaining  to  the 
early  settlement.  In  the  latter  part  of  1874,  the  idea  was  conceived  of  form- 
ing an  association  of  the  old  settlers  still  surviving,  for  the  purpose  of  keeping 
up  the  old  associations  of  the  pioneer  days,  and  preserving  the  reminiscences 
of  the  wilderness,  where  they  planted  their  homes  so  long  ago  among  the 
Indians  and  wild  beasts.  With  this  end  in  view,  a  few  of  the  veterans  met  in 
Eureka,  in  December.  1874,  and  made  the  preliminary  arrangements  for  the 
organization  of  a  permanent  society.  After  appointing  an  Executive  Com- 
mittee, also  a  Committee  to  draft  a  Constitution  and  By-laws,  they  adjourned  to 
meet  again  in  one  month.  On  the  12th  day  of  January,  1875,  the  Association 
met  in  Eureka,  and  proceeded  to  perfect  their  organization  by  the  adoption  of 
a  Constitution  and  the  election  of  ofiicers.  As  we  have  been  wholly  unable  to 
get  sight  of  the  books  of  the  Association,  we  are  indebted  to  the  Eureka 
Journal  for  the  proceedings  of  this  meeting.  The  Executive  Committee  re- 
ported the  order  of  business  to  be  : 

1st.     Reading  of  the  Minutes  of  last  meeting. 

"Jd.     Adoption  of  a  Constitution. 

3d.     The  Election  of  Officers  lor  the  ensuing  year. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  249 

The  following  is  the  Constitution  and  By-laws,  as  reported  by  the  Com- 
mittee appointed  to  draft  them,  and  unanimously  adopted  by  the  Association  at 
this  meeting : 

Article  1.  This  Association  sha]l  be  called  the  Old  Settlers'  Association  of  Woodford 
County. 

Art.  2.  The  objects  of  this  Association  shall  be  the  collection  and  preservation  of  the 
history  of  Woodford  County,  the  renewal  of  old  associations,  and  such  other  business  as  the 
Association  may  see  tit  to  adopt. 

Art.  8.  Any  person  may  become  a  member  of  this  Association  who  was  a  resident  of 
Woodford  County,  or  any  adjoining  county,  when  Woodford  was  organized,  in  September,  1841, 
subscribing  to  this  Constitution,  and  paying  one  dollar  initiation  fee. 

Art.  4.  The  Officers  of  this  Association  shall  consist  of  one  President,  one  Vice  President, 
one  additional  Vice  President  from  each  township  in  the  county,  one  Secretary,  one  Corre- 
sponding Secretary,  and  a  Treasurer,  who  shall  be  elected  by  ballot  and  hold  their  offices  one 
year,  or  until  their  successors  are  elected. 

Art.  5.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  President  to  preside  at  all  meetings  of  the  Association. 
and  to  perform  such  other  duties  as  may  devolve  upan  him  as  such  officer. 

Art.  C).  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Vice  President  to  assist  the  President  in  keeping  order, 
and,  in  case  of  the  absence  or  death  of  the  President,  to  act  as  President. 

Art.  7.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Secretary  to  keep  a  faithful  record  of  the  proceedings 
of  the  Association,  in  a  book  to  be  furnished  by  the  Association  for  that  purpose.  The 
Corresponding  Secretary  shall  attend  to  all  correspondence  of  the  Association  and  preserve  the 
same. 

Art.  8.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Treasurer  to  take  charge  of  all  moneys  belonging  to 
the  Association,  to  receive  and  pay  out  the  same  upon  the  order  of  the  President  and  Secretary. 

Art.  9.  This  Association  shall  have  power  at  any  regular  meeting  to  assess  a  sum,  not  to 
exceed  one  dollar,  upon  each  member,  which  shall  be  used  to  defray  the  expenses  of  the 
Association. 

Art.  U).  This  Association  shall  meet  at  the  place  designated  by  the  previous  meeting,  on  the 
last  Tuesday  in  September  of  each  year;  the  first  meeting  to  be  held  in  Eureka,  on  Tuesday, 
September  28,  1875. 

Art.  11.  Any  person  may  become  a  member  of  this  association,  who  sustains  a  good  moral 
character,  and  who  was  born  in  the  county,  or  who  has  been  a  citizen  of  the  same  since  1852. 

Art.  12.  The  election  of  officers  of  this  association  shall  be  held  at  the  meeting  in  Septem- 
ber, 1875,  and  at  each  annual  meeting  thereafter. 

Art.  13.  This  Constitution  may  be  altered  or  amended  at  any  regular  meeting  by  a  vote  of 
two-thirds  of  the  members  present. 

The  following  officers  were  elected  for  the  first  term  of  the  association : 

John  Summers,  President  ;  W.  R.  Willis,  Vice  President ;  R.  N.  Radford,  Secretary  ;  B.  D. 
Meek,  Corresponding  Secretary  ;  P.  H.  Vance,  Treasurer. 

The  following  additional   Vice  Presidents  were  elected  for  their  respective 

townships : 

Montgomery  Township,   H.  A.  Robinson,  Cazenovia  Township,  Jesse  Hfimmers, 

Metamora  "  John  W.  Page,  Linn  "  George  Hallenback, 

Cruger  "  M.  E.  Davidson,  Clayton  '•  Harvey  Davidson, 

Palestine  "  L.  P.   Hereford,  El  Paso  "  H.  W.  Bullock, 

Pancda  "  M.  R.  Bullock,  Kansas  '•  A.   W.  Carlock, 

Greene  "  Thomas  A.   McCord,  Roanoke  "  Jacob  Banta, 

Olio  "  Thomas  Bullock,  Sr.,  Spring  Bay  "  Dr.  J.  G.  Zeller, 

Worth  "  Charles  Molitor,  Minonk  "  E.  D.  Davidson. 

Partridge  "  Isaac  Snyder, 


'250  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

On  motion,  the  President,  Secretaries  and  Treasurer  were  appointed  an  Ex- 
ecutive Committee,  to  prepare  a  programme  for  the  Fall  meeting,  at  which  time 
it  was  decided  to  have  a  grand  picnic.  The  county  papers  were  requested  to 
publish  the  proceedings  of  the  meeting.  As  the  books  are  non  est  inventus,  we 
are  unable  to  give  the  names  of  the  oricrinal  members  of  the  association,  further 
than  is  given  in  the  above  list  of  oflBcers. 

At  the  Fall  meeting,  the  time  of  holding  the  next  annual  meeting  was  set 
for  July  instead  of  September,  and  on  the  4th  of  July,  of  the  Centennial  year 
of  American  Independence,  they  met  in  Eureka,  as  pre-arranged.  Extensive 
preparations  were  made  for  a  general  good  time  and  the  celebration  of  the  one 
hundredth  anniversary  of  the  nations  existence,  by  these  old  veterans  of  Wood- 
ford County,  seemed  peculiarly  appropriate. 

At  this  meeting,  the  old  officers  were  all  re-elected,  and  the  next  meeting 
appointed  to  take  place  at  Metamora,  on  the  second  Tuesday  in  September, 
1877.  On  this  occasion,  the  orator  of  the  dav  was  Prof.  B.  J.  Radford,  who 
entertained  the  audience  with  an  eloquent  speech,  in  which  he  vividly  portrayed 
the  development  and  resources  of  our  great  country,  and  followed  it  through  its 
eventful  historv.  from  the  Revolution  down  to  the  one  hundredth  anniversary 
of  its  independence. 

After  the  regular  address,  the  following  toasts  were  given  : 

"Our  Country:"     Responded  to  hy  Rev.  M.  P.  Ormsby. 
"The  Day  we  Celebrate:  "     Responded  to  by  .T.  A   Briggs. 
'•  Army  and  Navy  :  "     Responded  to  by  W.  Bennett. 
"  Woodford  County  :  "     Responded  to  by  Col.  B.  D.  Meek. 
"The  Heroes  of  '76  :   "     Responded  to  by  J.  L.  Ferris. 

Accoitling  to  programme,  the  Old  Settlers'  Association  met  in  Metamora  on 
the  11th  of  September,  1877.  Says  the  Woodford  Sentinel :  "  The  band  sum- 
moned them  to  the  beautiful  park  at  the  appointed  hour,  when  the  President 
called  the  meeting  to  order,  and  Adino  Page,  Esq.,  took  the  stand  and  invited 
all  the  old  settlers  to  come  forward  and  take  the  seats  prepared  for  them.  Judge 
W.  P.  Brown,  the  orator  of  the  day,  was  introduced  and  delivered  an  interesting 
address."     The  election  of  officers  for  the  ensuing  year  resulted  as  follows  : 

CD     » 

President — Adino  Page,  Metoniora. 

Vice  President— \\ .  R.  Willis,  YA  Paso. 

Sccmary — R.  N.  Radford,  Eureka. 

Corresp  nding  Secretory — B.  D    Meek,  Eureka. 

Treasurer — P.  H.  Vance.  Montgomery. 

The  following  additional  old  settlers  registered  as  members  of  the  Association : 

W.  C.  Watkins,  Rev.  Zadock  Hall,  B.  Kendig,  A.  Page,  D.  Kendig,  W.  Lamson, 

Geo.  Arrowsmith,  Thos.  Clark.  AVm.   H.   Delph,  Benj.   Grove,  John  Warren, 

Abner  Mundell,  Simeon  Mundell.  Jesse  Hammers.  Sam'l  Mundell.  W.  Dremen, 

John  Tanton,  Richard  Tanton.  Jno.  W.  Page,  Thaddeus  Page,  X.  Dutton.   W. 

P.  Brown,  D.  D.  Fairchild,  L.  P.  Mor.se,  J.  G.  Bavne,  Jos.  Morlev  and  Dr.  J. 

S.  TVhitmire. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  251 

The  Sentinel  continues:  "And  just  here  we  would  say,  it  was  the  finest 
lookinor  crowd  we  ever  saw,  the  best  behaved  and  the  most  intellio;ent.  A  great 
deal  of  credit  is  due  to  Dr.  J.  S.  Whitmire,  A.  Page  and  Henry  Martin,  for  the 
success  of  the  meeting.  Taken  all  in  all,  it  was  one  of  the  most  pleasant  affaii-s 
we  ever  attended,  and  we  take  leave  of  the  subject  and  the  old  settlers'  with 
regret,  and  hope  to  meet  them  again  next  year." 

The  Association  are  making  extensive  preparations  for  their  annual  re-union 
this  year,  and  anticipate  a  meeting  of  much  interest.  Indeed,  it  seems  to  be 
growing  and  increasing  in  interest  and  importance,  and  will  no  doubt  exist  as 
long  as  the  old  settlers  themselves. 

THE    FIRST    POST    OFFICE. 

The  first  post  oflSce  establislie<l  in  Woodford  County  was  in  1836,  and  was 
kept  by  James  Boys  at  his  own  house,  about  three  miles  north  of  the  village  of 
Hanover.  It  was  called  Black  Partridge,  after  the  old  Indian  chief  of  that 
name,  whose  wigwam,  at  one  time,  was  not  far  from  the  place.  The  ofiice  did 
not  last  long.  Rev.  William  Davenport  petitioned  for  another  office  to  be 
called  Hanover,  but  there  being  already  a  Hanover  office  in  the  State,  he  had 
to  suggest  some  other  name,  annd  finally  settled  on  Partridge  Point  instead  of 
Black  Partridge,  as  Boys"  office  had  been  called.  The  office  was  kept 
at  Parks'  mill,  about  a  mile  from  the  present  village  of  Metamora,  and  its 
affairs  administered  by  Mr.  Parks,  though  the  Rev.  Mr.  Davenport,  it  is  said, 
was  the  commissioned  Postmaster.  The  office  was  called  Hanover,  and  after  R. 
T.  Cassell  came  to  the  place,  in  1838,  he  Avas  prevailed  on  by  Parks  to  take  the 
post  office.  Upon  his  consenting  to  take  it,  he  informed  us  that  Mr.  Parks 
brought  the  entire  office  over  to  the  village,*  tied  up  in  his  pocket  handker- 
chief. The  mail  was  carried  by  the  four-horse  stage-coach  running  between 
Bloomington  and  Ottawa.  The  mail  for  this  point,  with  the  exeption  of  an 
occasional  letter,  was  three  newspa])ers  and  one  magazine.  Rev.  Mr.  Daven- 
port took  the  Louisville  Journal  and  the  Illinois  State  Register ;  John  Page, 
Sr.,  the  Netv  Hampshire  Patriot,  and  a  Mrs.  Dutton  took  a  little  blue-back 
pamphlet;  called  the  Mothers  Magazine.  John  Brotherhood  drove  the  stage, 
and  passed  the  Hanover  post  office  between  midnight  and  daybreak.  Mr.  Cas- 
sell remembers  an  occasion,  when,  one  very  dark  night,  John  got  lost  on  the 
prairie,  and,  after  driving  hours  and  hours,  at  daylight,  found  himself  but  a  mile 
from  Hanover.  This  stage  route  was  probably  the  first  road  through  Woodford 
County,  and  the  trail  was  originally  marked  out,  as  Mr.  Thomas  McCord 
informed  us,  by  dragging  a  log  through  the  tall  prairie  grass. 

Daniel  Meek,  who  settled  in  Walnut  Grove  in  1827,  in  what  is  now  Cruger 
Township,  was  commissioned  a  Justice  of  the  Peace  in  1827,  and  was  the  first 
of  which    we  have  any  record  in  Woodford  County.     The  first  water-mill,  as 

There  was  no  village  but  the  site  of  tlio  future  village  of  Hanover,  now  Metamora. 


252  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

already  stated,  was  built  by  the  Moores  at  or  near  Bowling  Green,  on  Panther 
Creek,  in  1830.  Previous  to  this,  there  had  been  some  "little  corn  crackers/' 
as  the  settlers  called  them,  operated  by  horse-power,  but  they  were  hardly 
deserving  of  the  name  of  mill,  and  the  procuring  of  meal  and  flour  was  a  far 
more  serious  affair  than  at  the  present  day. 

Peter  Engle,  Sr.,  kept  a  tavern  where  his  son,  Peter  Engle,  Jr.,  now  lives, 
which  was  the  first  place  of  "'•refreshment  for  man  and  beast  "  in  the  county. 
It  was  on  the  stage  route  above  alluded  to,  and  was  one  of  the  regular  stands 
where  they  changed  horses.  Mr.  Engle  commenced  the  business  in  1833. 
and  as  it  was  on  the  direct  route  from  Chicago  to  Springfield,  he  was  often 
called  upon  to  entertain  the  official  magnates  of  the  land  in  their  jour- 
neyings  to  and  from  the  State  Capital.  Peter  Engle,  Jr.,  remembers,  on 
one  occasion,  the  Governor  and  his  staff  remaining  over  night  in  this  humble 
hostelry. 

The  first  account  we  have  of  mercantile  traffic  dates  back  to  1836,  and  gives 
the  honor  to  the  village  of  Hanover.  Wilson  Tucker,  a  son  of  the  Solomon 
Tucker  mentione  1  in  the  early  settlement  of  Walnut  Grove,  and  who  was 
termed  by  his  intimate  friends  the  "  South  Carolina  Yankee,'"*  owing  to  his 
rather  close  dealings,  opened  a  store  at  Hanover  in  1836,  and  was  folloAved  in  a 
short  time  by  Israel  &  Weeks,  whose  store  was  near  where  the  Congregational 
Church  now  stands.  Tucker  did  not  continue  long  in  business,  when  he  sold 
out,  and  with  the  intention,  it  seemed,  to  carry  out  the  title  of  •'  Yankee  "  given 
him  by  his  Southern  friends,  went  to  Massachusetts,  where  he  still  lived  at  the 
last  account  had  of  him.  In  1837,  J.  &  A.  Richardson  opened  a  store  at  Bowl- 
ing Green,  and  soon  after,  James  Robinson  commenced  the  same  business. 
Durritt  lii  Calloway  also  opened  goods  at  Versailles  about  the  same  time.  Pre- 
vious to  this,  the  settlers  had  traded  mostly  at  Washington,  in  Tazewell  County, 
going  occasionally  to  Peoria  to  make  their  simple  purchases. 

The  first  school  is  supposed  to  have  been  taught  by  William  Hoshor.  in  1831. 
in  a  small  log  cabin  built  for  the  purpose  at  the  head  of  Walnut  Grove,  within 
the  limits  of  the  present  township  of  Cruger.      There  are  some,  however,  who 
claim  that  a  Mr.  Ellmore  taught  a  school  in  'Squire  Benjamin  Williams"  barn, 
in  1830-31,  and  previous  to  the  one  taught  by  Hoshor :  but  from  all  the  infor- 
mation to  be  obtained,  we  are  disposed  to  give  the  credit  to  Hoshor.     The  first 
high  school  was  taught  by  A.  S.  Fisher,  and  commenced  in  1850,  with  Miss 
Susan  Jones  as  Assistant.     After  passing  through  many  changes  and  grades  of 
promotion,    it  finally,    in    1855,   became   Eureka   College,    a    full    history    of 
which  is  given  in  connection  with  Olio  Township  and  the  village  of  Eureka. 
The  first  school  taught  in  Northern  Illinois,  paid  for  out  of  the  public  fund, 
is   said  to   have   been    taught   bv    Miss   Love   K.   Morse,   in    the  AVinter  of 
1836-37,  a    daughter    of  Parker    Morse,  one    of  the    early    settlers    in    this 
section. 


*S<juth  Carolina  was  his  native  State. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  253 

BIRTHS,    DEATH.S    AND    MARRIAGES. 

A  true  record  of  these  events  is  impossible  to  obtain  at  this  distant  day. 
There  have  been  "  marriages  and  giving  in  marriage;"  many  have  crossed  the 
"dark  river  "  and  received  their  reward,  while  many  more  have  been  born,  to 
take  up  their  trials  and  troubles  in  the  world. 

"  Angels  weep  when  a  babe  is  born, 
And  sing  when  an  old  man  dies." 

But  to  get  the  exact  date  of  the  first  birth,  death  and  marriage  is  a  difficult 
task.  Caroline,  a  daughter  of  Daniel  Meek,  born  January  15,  1828,  is  the  first 
birth  of  which  we  have  any  reliable  account.  It  is  altogether  probable,  how- 
ever, with  settlements  extending  back  several  years  prior  to  this  date,  there  may 
also  have  been  births  previous  to  the  one  above  recorded.  William  Blanchard, 
of  Spring  Bay  Township,  is  of  the  opinion  that  the  first  death,  occurred  in  the 
Darby  family  (alluded  to  in  another  page,  as  making  the  first  settlement  in  the 
county),  as  one  or  two  members  of  the  family  died  during  their  first  or  second 
Summer  in  the  wilderness,  which  was  that  of  1823-24.  A  marriage  also  oc- 
curred in  this  family  in  a  few  years  after  their  settlement  here.  A  d&ughter  of 
Darby's  married  a  young  man  named  Henry  Race,  who  had  worked  with  Mr. 
Blanchard,  and  is  the  first  wedding  of  which  we  have  been  able  to  obtain  any 
definite  record.  Jacob  Wilson  and  Emily  Donohue  were  married  about  1826-27, 
and  William  Blanchard  and  Elizabeth  Donohue  soon  after.  Mr.  Donohue,  the 
father  of  these  girls,  died,  it  is  said,  in  1824,  which  was  probably  very  nearly 
as  early  as  those  mentioned  in  the  Darby  family.  But  with  more  than  half  a 
century  standing  between  then  and  now,  many  dates  of  those  early  events  must 
be  left  to  conjecture. 

CHURCH    ORGANIZATION. 

The  sound  of  the  Gospel  in  Woodford  County  is  almost  coeval  with  the  first 
settlement,  and  the  voice  of  the  preacher,  as  one  "  crying  in  the  wilderness," 
was  heard  long  before  the  war-whoop  of  the  savage  had  died  away.  Says  Prof. 
Radford,  in  his  Old  Settlers'  History :  "  If  the  people  of  Woodford  are  not, 
like  the  ancient  Athenians,  exceedingly  religious,  they  are  by  no  means  to  be 
reckoned  as  heathens.  The  voice  of  the  preacher  of  the  Gospel  was  heard  in 
the  cabins  of  the  early  settlers,  and  in  the  groves  which  were  lately  the  haunts 
of  the  red  man  and  the  panther."  Among  the  early  pioneer  preachers  were 
Rev.  Mr.  Lattey,  or  Lattcy ;  Rev.  Zadock  Hall,  familiarly  known  as  Uncle  Zadock 
Hall,  the  pioneer  Methodist,  who  has  proclaimed  the  word  of  God  throughout 
Central  Illinois  for  more  than  forty  years;  Rev.  W.  T.  Adams,  Presbyterian; 
Revs.  J.  D.  Newell  and  A.  M.  Root,  Baptists ;  Revs.  John  Oatman,  Abner 
Peeler,  H.  D.  Palmer,  James  Robeson,  William  Davenport,  John  Lindsey  and 
James  Owens,  Christian,  are  a  few  of  veterans,  who  came  to  the  county  in  its 
days  of  hardships,  and  have  spent  the  flower  of  their  lives  in  teaching  ''  the 


254  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

way  of  salvation.  "  The  first  churches  organized  in  the  county  were  the  Bap- 
tist Church  in  the  southeastern  part  of  the  county  in  1837  ;  the  Christian 
Church  at  Eureka  and  the  Episcopal  Church  at  Metamora  soon  after.  The 
Catholic  Church  of  the  Immaculate  Conception,  in  the  present  township  of 
Worth,  Avas  organized  in  1838,  and  the  Methodist  Churcli  of  Metamora,  and 
Mount  Zion  at  the  head  of  Walnut  Grove,  was  organized  at  a  very  early  day. 
Although  these  are  the  first  organized  church  societies,  of  which  we  have  any 
authentic  information,  yet  religious  services  were  held  in  the  cabins  of  the  set- 
tlers, and  in  the  groves, 

"  Amidst  the  cool  .incl  silence,  they  knelt  down 
And  oifered  to  the  Mightiest  solemn  thanks  \ 

And  supplication." 

Great  revivals  were  enjoyed,  in  Avhich  many  were  brought  to  a  realization  of 
the  "  error  of  their  ways,"  long  before  a  regular  temple  of  worship  had  been 
erected  in  the  county.  But  as  the  settlements  expanded  in  might  and  pros- 
perity, and  numbers  increased,  tabernacles  of  worship  arose  on  every  hand^ 
until  every  town,  village  and  hamlet  is  supplied  and  adorned  with  elegant 
church  edifices.  To  use  a  Bible  metaphor,  "  the  wilderness  has  rejoiced  and 
blossomed  like  a  rose."  The  first  Sunday  school  was  organized  by  Parker 
Morse,  in  1837,  at  his  own  house,  in  the  Low  Point  settlement.  Now,  perhaps, 
there  is  not  a  church  society  in  the  county  but  what  maintains  a  flourishing 
Sabbath  school.  A  more  complete  history  of  churches  and  church  organiza- 
tions is  given  in  the  chapters  devoted  to  the  townships,  cities  and  villages  in 
which  they  are  situated. 

AGRICULTURAL   ASSOCIATION. 

In  1858,  a  movement  was  made  by  some  of  the  leading  citizens  of  the 
county,  for  the  formation  of  a  society  tending  to  the  promotion  of  the  interests 
of  agriculture.  For  this  purpose,  a  meeting  was  called,  and  held  at  the  Court 
House  in  Metamora,  on  the  29th  of  May,  1858.  The  meeting  was  organized 
by  electing  Jesse  Hammers  President  and  I.  J.  Marsh,  Secretary.  Shares 
were  fixed  at  one  dollar,  and  the  following  are  the  original  stockholders :  Jesse 
Hammers,  A.  C.  Rouse,  H.  L.  S.  Haskell,  Charles  Rich,  David  Watson,  B. 
W.  Kendig,  G.  F.  Hay,  George  Ray,  W.  H.  Delph,  John  J.  Perry,  Melvin 
Newton,  Sylvanus  Stoddard,  Joseph  H.  Hammers,  Horace  Hazen,  M.  W.  Wil- 
son, Geo.  H.  Painter,  R.  B.  Hanna,  Wm,  Minor,  J.  B.  Hayer,  R.  H.  Fair- 
child,  J.  M.  Morse,  David  Banta,  A.  Minor,  John  Lyons,  Oren  Chudle,  John 
W.  Page,  Stephen  Skinner,  B.  Siemens,  Ed.  Nichols,  C.  D.  Banta,  Peter  Doty, 
Samuel  L.  Kirby,  A.  J.  Kirby,  John  Kirby,  Jolm  Bayne,  Jas.  G.  Bayne,  Wm. 
Buckingham,  0.  P.  Shaw,  Samuel  Mundell,  Simeon  Mundell,  S.  D.  Cushing, 
Abraham  Masters,  E.  N.  Farnsworth,  Wm.  Lamson,  T.  B.  Spears,  P.  F. 
Kellogg,  Doc.  Fairchild,  I.  J.  Marsh,  John  L.  Causey,  Evan  Tunnel,  John 
Parminter,  C.  A.  Nesmith,  S.  G.  Smith,  J.  S.  Whitmire,  James  Scott,  Thos. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  255 

Walden,  Dennis  Noirot,  George  Kingston,  B.  D.  Perry,  Wm.  Carpenter,  G.  A. 
Marsh,  F.  Cornell,  David  Irving,  T.  C.  S.  Page,  J.  G.  Walker,  Lewis  Hall, 
Levi  P.  Morse,  J.  A.  Ranney,  R.  T.  Cassell  and  W.  G.  Wood.  Having  secured 
the  requisite  amount  of  stock,  they  proceeded,  under  the  statute  of  Illinois,  to 
organize  a  society,  to  be  called  "  The  Woodford  County  Agricultural  and  Hor- 
ticultural Association,"  and  adopted  rules  and  regulations  for  its  government. 
The  following  officers  were  elected,  viz.: 

President — Jesse  Hammers. 

Vice  President — Charles  Rich. 

Secretary— B.  L.  S.  Haskell. 

TreasHnr — John  W.  Page. 

Directors — Horace  Hazen,  George  Ray,  John  J.  Perry. 

The  Directors  were  recommended  to  apply  the  money  on  hand  and  the 
amount  received  from  the  State,  for  the  purchase  of  fair  grounds.  The 
grounds  were  duly  purchased  and  laid  out,  buildings  erected  and  the  first  Fair 
held  the  13th,  14th  and  15th  of  October,  1858.  The  following  is  the  report  of 
the  Committee  to  purchase  and  improve  the  grounds  : 

To  amount  received  on  subscriptions $952  50 

To  amount  of  Treasurer  of  Society 200  00 

To  gate  fees 299  00 

To  entrance  fees 8  55 

To  license 25  00 

To  entrance,  Denham,  Jennings 1  50 

$1,486  55 
By  part  of  above  in  hands  of  Treasurer $9  00 

By  amount  paid  for  land,  improvements,  etc 1,332  10 

1,341   10 

Balance  in  hands  of  J.  J.  Perry,  Ch.  Committee f  145  45 

An  amusing  incident  occurred  at  one  of  the  annual  fairs  while  the  Associa- 
tion was  in  the  zenith  of  its  prosperity.  As  a  joke,  or  burlesque,  or  a  little 
flash  of  sarcasm,  Adino  Page  was  appointed  Superintendent ;  Jesse  Hammers, 
Judge  Buckingham  and  George  C.  Painter,  four  little  gentlemen  whose  avoir- 
dupois averaged  near  three  hundred  pounds  per  head,  were  placed  on  the  list  as 
judges  of  poultry.  After  discussing  the  matter  among  themselves,  they  agreed 
to  turn  the  joke  upon  the  officers  of  the  society  who  had  placed  them  on  the 
judges'  list.  Attending  the  fair  was  a  long  six-footer,  who  followed  as  a  busi- 
ness the  raising  of  chickens,  and  had  on  exhibition  some  very  fine  specimens  of 
the  best  breeds  in  the  country,  which  he  valued  highly.  The  committee,  or 
judges  rather,  had  arranged,  with  the  assistance  of  their  wives,  whom  they  had 
let  into  their  secret,  that  in  order  to  competently  test  the  quality  of  the  poultry, 
on  which  they  were  to  report,  they  would  get  up  a  kind  of  make-believe  that 
they  were  killing  and  cooking  them,  with  the  intention  of  being  able  to  report 
on  the  subject  understandingly.  That  they  might  successfully  carry  the  joke 
through,  Page  had  several  pair  of  the  finest  fowls  his  own  poultry  yard  could 


-256  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

produce  nicely  cooked  and  secretly  conveyed  to  the  grounds,  and  placed  as 
though  intended  for  exhibition.  When  the  time  came  for  their  plan  to  be  car- 
ried into  eflFect,  thoy  dug  a  pit  in  which  a  fire  was  built  in  regular  barbecue 
style,  and  on  being  asked  the  meaning  of  the  proceeding  by  some  curious  ones, 
told  them  that  they  wei*e  judges  of  poultry,  and  in  order  to  report  understand- 
ingly,  had  determined  to  test  its  quality.  Reaching  up  the  "  six  footer's  " 
wagon.  Page  took  down  his  coop  (which  he  had  himself  sent  there,  but  which 
was  supposed  to  belong  to  some  exhibitor).  Seeing  what  course  affairs  were 
taking,  Mr.  Six-footer  began  to  grow  excited,  and  the  judges,  in  order  to  carry 
out  their  joke  successfully,  let  him  partially  into  the  secret.  He  entered 
heartily  into  the  sport,  and  at  their  request,  went  stalking  through  the  grounds 
apparently  in  a  high  state  of  excitement,  inquiring  with  a  nasal  twang? 
"  Whar's  the  President,  whar's  the  President  ?  "  and  upon  finding  that  official, 
told  him  what  the  judges  were  doing,  and  demanded  payment  for  his  chickens. 
It  was  soon  noised  over  the  grounds  what  was  going  on  in  the  poultry  depart- 
ment, and  it  at  once  became  the  chief  point  of  attraction.  The  President,  a 
man  fond  of  making  money  and  of  taking  care  of  it  after  it  was  made,  came  on 
the  scene  of  action  raging  like  a  wounded  lion.  Finding  several  chickens  with 
their  heads  wrung  off,  and  the  good  ladies  industriously  preparing  them  for 

cooking,  his  wrath  bubbled  over  furiously.     He  asked  them  what  in  the 

they  meant.  They  repeated  that  they  wished  to  be  able  to  report  understand- 
ingly  upon  the  quality  of  the  poultry,  and  in  order  to  do  so,  had  concluded  to 
thoroughly  test  it.  The  long  six-footer  excitedly  demanded  five  dollars  a  pair 
for  his  chickens.  Said  the  President  to  the  judges,  "  We  will  have  to  pay  for 
these  chickens."  "Certainly,"  said  the  judges,  "pay  for  them,  of  course." 
With  all  sorts  of  angry  arguments  on  the  part  of  the  officers,  and  the  defense 
of  their  actions  by  the  judges,  the  chickens  were  finally  ready  for  being  tested, 
when  the  judges  politely  invited  the  officers  to  dine  with  them,  but  they  in  their 
anger  abruptly  refused.  The  joke  finally  leaked  out  before  they  succeeded  in 
getting  the  officers  to  pay  the  man  five  dollars  a  pair  for  his  chickens,  but  not 
till  they  had  quieted  him  by  promising  to  do  so.  When  the  joke  did  explode 
upon  their  devoted  heads,  they  grew  madder  still.  The  judges  awarded  Adino 
Page  a  premium  on  his  chickens,  which  paid  for  their  sacrifice  in  carrying  out 
a  joke.  The  association  flourished,  and  for  a  number  of  years  was  a  popular 
institution,  but  never  became  self-sustaining.  After  losing  money,  and  drag- 
ging along  for  a  time,  the  property  was  sold  for  debt  March  12,  1877,  for 
^1,400.  The  society  still  exists, -but  is  without  "  house  or  home."  The  officers 
elected  Jan.  1,  1877,  being  the  twentieth  annual  meeting  of  the  society,  were 
J.  A.  Ranney,  President ;  Isaac  Boys,  Vice  President ;  John  L.  McGuire, 
Secretary  ;  John  W\  Page,  Treasurer  ;  Adino  Page,  L.  P.  Morse  and  John 
Kirby,  Directors. 


a-loii^c  ^c^/jL 


METAMORA 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  259 


A  CHAPTER  OF  TRAGEDIES. 


We  come  now  to  scenes  in  the  history  of  Woodford  County  over  which 
we  would  gladly  draw  a  veil.  Within  the  last  dozen  years,  three  distress- 
ing tragedies  have  been  committed  within  its  borders,  and  none  of  the  parties 
engaged  in  them  have  received  the  slightest  punishment  beyond  the  pang  of 
their  own  remorse.  About  the  year  1868,  a  man  by  the  name  of  Hedges  was 
murdered  on  his  farm  in  Panola  Township  by  a  man  named  Kingston,  in  a  fit 
of  passion.  Kingston  was  tried,  and  acquitted  without  difficulty.  It  may  be 
that  there  were  extenuating  circumstances.  At  least,  the  man  Kingston  had 
borne  a  good  character,  and  it  is  believed  by  many  who  knew  him  well  that  he 
had  not  the  slightest  idea  of  killing  Hedges.  In  a  mad  fit  of  passion,  he  struck 
him  a  blow  on  the  head  with  a  spade,  from  the  effects  of  which  Hedges  died  in 
a  short  time. 

The  next  in  the  vocabulary  was  a  murder  which  for  some  time  created  the 
most  intense  excitement,  and  the  final  acquittal  of  the  prisoner  seriously  threat- 
ened lynch  law.  This  was  the  alleged  murder  of  Christian  Shertz  by  Daniel 
Goldsmith,  in  1871,  and  had  attendant  circumstances  of  a  most  distressinor 
character.  Shertz  was  a  stepson  of  Mr.  Joseph  Shertz,  an  old  settler  of  Worth 
Township,  and  a  highly  respected  citizen.  He  had  taken  the  name  of  his  step- 
father, upon  assuming  that  relationship,  and  when  he  married,  the  old  people 
set  him  up  on  a  farm  six  miles  east  of  Metamora,  on  the  Panola  road.  It  was 
while  sitting  at  home  in  the  bosom  of  his  family,  spending  a  quiet  Sunday 
evening,  listening  to  the  reading  of  the  Bible,  that  a  shot  came  through  the 
window  and  killed  him.  It  was  on  the  3d  of  December,  and  one  of  the  storm- 
iest nights  of  the  Winter  season,  Avhen  the  howling  of  the  wind  without  and  the 
driving  of  the  snow  against  the  sides  of  the  house  would  stifle  the  sound  of  a 
a  murderer's  footsteps.  The  evidence  was  wholly  circumstantial,  but  of  a  very 
strong  character  of  that  kind.  Goldsmith  was  indicted  by  the  Grand  Jury,  and 
the  fact  that  he  had  lived  with  Shertz,  that  they  had  had  trouble  and  disagree- 
ments, and  Goldsmith  had  left  him  but  a  few  days  previous  to  the  murder, 
coupled  with  other  points  of  a  strong  circumstantial  character,  everything 
seemed  to  indicate  beyond  a  doubt  that  he  was  the  assassin.  His  trial  lasted 
from  Monday  afternoon  until  about  the  same  time  on  Saturday,  when  the  jury, 
who  had  received  the  case  at  7  o'clock  on  Friday  evening,  returned  a  verdict  of 
"Not  guilty."  The  counsel  for  the  people  were  Smith  M.  Garratt,  Dis- 
trict Attorney,  and  Hon.  W.  W.  O'Brien,  now  of  Chicago.  For  the  defense, 
Messrs.  Burns  (now  Circuit  Judge),  Ray,  Feilitzsch  and  Barnes,  all  able  law- 
yers. As  we  have  said,  the  points  in  the  case  were  all  circumstantial,  and 
therefore  left  room  for  doubt.  The  assassin  of  Christian  Shertz  may  never  be 
positively  known  until  the  last  day,  when  all  things  shall  be  revealed.  The 
following  extract  from  the  Woodford  Sentinel  shows  the  prevailing  sentiment 
at  the  result  of  the  trial  :    "  We  are  now,  and  always  have  been,  opposgd  to 


260  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

mob  violence  of  any  character  whatever,  and  we  trust  we  tnay  never  be  compelled 
to  chronicle  a  case  in  Woodford  County,  but  if  we  are  to  have  such  farces  enacted 
as  the  last  two  murder  trials  spoken  of,  we  want  to  ask,  Where  are  the  people 
going  to  get  justice,  and  how  ?  " 

The  third  and  last  scene  in  this  chapter  of  melancholy  events  was  the  most 
pitiable  and,  at  the  same  time,  the  most  horrible  of  all — the  alleged  murder 
of  a  woman  by  a  woman.  Like  the  Shertz  murder,  the  testimony  was  circum- 
stantial, but  e(|ually  as  strong  as  in  that  case.  By  a  strange  fatality  of  circum- 
stances, the  victim  in  this  case  was  the  widow  of  the  man  Hedges,  murdered  by 
Kingston,  as  already  detailed  in  this  chapter.  It  has  been  said  that,  "  in  all 
events,  whether  for  good  or  ill,"  there  is  a  woman  in  the  case.  In  this,  how- 
ever, the  principal  participants  were  women,  with  a  man  figuring  in  it  rather 
conspicuously,  and  he  a  preacher.  The  tragedy  occurred  in  the  village  of 
Eureka,  in  1873,  and  the  alleged  murderess,  Mrs.  Workman,  wife  of  Rev.  Mr. 
Workman,  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church.  From  newspaper  publications 
of  that  period,  and  other  information  gathered  in  regard  to  the  affair,  it  seems- 
that  the  reverend  gentleman  had  conceived  a  passion  for  the  murdered  woman 
(who  was  a  member  of  his  flock),  which,  if  she  did  not  reciprocate,  she  did  not, 
at  least,  very  strongly  condemn.  Yrbm  a  publication  of  letters,  said  to  have 
passed  between  Workman  and  Mrs.  Hedges,  their  love  for  each  other  would 
appear  to  any  one  to  be  of  a  character  rather  warmer  than  should  exist  between 
a  pastor  (with  a  wife  and  children)  and  a  sister  of  his  congregation.  It  was  the 
discovery  of  this  correspondence  that  rendered  his  wife  insane  with  jealousy. 
Mrs.  Workman,  according  to  the  most  of  the  testimony  given  before  the  Grand 
Jury,  was  a  woman  of  very  violent  temper,  and  the  most  probable  theory  in 
regard  to  the  matter  seems  to  be  that,  in  a  fit  of  insane  jealousy,  she  mur- 
dered the  woman  who  had  roused  within  her  the  green-eyed  monster.  She  had 
forced  her  husband,  who,  it  appears,  stood  somewhat  in  awe  of  her,  to  write  a 
letter  to  Mrs.  Hedges,  at  her  dictation,  demanding  the  return  of  his  letters, 
which  she  set  out  to  deliver  in  person.  She  and  Mrs.  Hedges  were  seen,  or 
supposed  to  have  been  seen,  about  dark,  in  earnest  conversation,  and  a  while 
after,  Mrs.  Workman  returned  home,  with  her  face  badly  bruised  and  scratched 
and  her  dress  muddy  and  in  some  disorder,  which  she  explained  by  saying  she 
had  fallen  on  the  sidewalk  in  a  dizzy  fit.  Mrs.  Hedges  was  never  seen  alive 
again,  but  was  found  early  the  next  morning,  with  a  bruise  on  her  head,  as  if 
from  the  blow  of  a  club,  and  her  throat  cut,  lying  near  where  she  and  Mrs. 
Workman  were  supposed  to  have  been  seen  the  evening  before.  This  was  the 
gist  of  the  testimony  before  the  Grand  Jury,  and  with  which  they  even  failed  to 
find  an  indictment  against  Mrs.  Workman. 

An  incident,  related  to  us  by  an  old  settler,  who  was  familiar  with  the  cir- 
cumstances at  the  time  they  transpired,  is  not  inappropriate  in  this  connection. 
In  1830,  there  came  to  Woodford  County  an  English  portrait  painter,  the  first 
in  t'le  county,  by  the  name  of  James  W^ilkins,  and  an  Irishman  named  Canaday. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  261 

The  latter,  apparently,  was  of  a  good  family,  and  seemed  to  have  plenty  of 
money.  He  bought  considerable  land  and  accumulated  other  property  around 
him.  Quite  an  intimacy  seemed  to  exist  between  him  and  the  Englishman,  and 
for  a  time  they  worked  and  lived  together  in  a  kind  of  rude,  easy  way  ;  but 
after  a  while  they  broke  up,  and  Canaday  went  to  board  with  Rev.  Mr.  Daven- 
port. Among  other  property,  he  owned  a  couple  of  ponies  and  a  light  wagon. 
One  day  he  went  to  Peoria,  riding  one  of  the  ponies,  and  leaving  his  wagon  and 
the  other  pony  at  Davenport's.  From  that  day  to  this  he  has  never  been  seen 
or  heard  of  by  any  one  from  this  section.  After  waiting  several  days  for  his 
return,  Mr.  Davenport  went  to  Peoria  in  search  of  him,  and  found  where  he  had 
stabled  his  pony,  but  further  no  trace  could  be  had.  Inquiries  were  made  and 
search  instituted  everywhere  ;  letters  written  to  Ireland  were  never  answered, 
and  all  efforts  to  learn  his  fate  utterly  failed.  Finally,  a  party  appeared,  who 
showed  deeds  to  Canaday 's  lands,  but  were  here  pronounced  forgeries  and  excited 
suspicion  as  to  their  validity,  which  have  involved  litigation  not  yet  settled. 
Later,  parties  came  from  Ireland,  c|aiming  to  be  relatives  and  heirs,  thus  adding 
further  complications.  What  the  man's  fate  was  will  probably  remain  forever 
one  of  the  unrevealed  mysteries.  The  locality  where  he  had  put  up  his  pony, 
it  is  said,  was  of  rather  bad  repute  at  that  day,  and  as  he  was  known  to  have 
had  a  considerable  sum  of  money  with  him,  the  most  plausible  theory  is  that  he 
was  there  made  way  with.  Wilkins  finally  went  to  California,  making  the  trip 
overland,  and  painted  a  kind  of  panoramic  sketch  of  the  journey.  He  is  said 
to  be  still  living,  and  at  present  in  St.  Louis. 

THE    PRESS. 

The  art  preservative  of  all  arts  is  represented  in  Woodford  County  by  five 
sprightly  newspapers,  viz.:  The  Woodford  Sentinel,  the  El  Paso  Journal,  the 
Minonk  Blade,  the  Eureka  Journal  and  the  Washburn  News,  all  weekly  issues; 
and  the  Eureka  College  Messenger,  a  little  sheet  published  monthly,  devoted 
chiefly  to  the  interests  of  Eureka  College.  The  Woodford  Sentinel  is  the  old- 
est paper,  and  the  first  established  in  the  county.  Its  first  issue  was  presented 
to  the  public  in  1854,  and  was  printed  in  Peoria,  It  was  thought  to  be  such  a 
stupendous  enterprise  that  when  brought  over  to  Metamora,  a  copy  was  hoisted 
on  a  pole,  like  a  flag,  the  streets  paraded,  and  a  regular  "war  dance"  held 
around  it.  A  man  by  the  name  of  Shepherd  was  the  first  proprietor.  After 
experiencing  many  changes  and  vicissitudes,  it  has  passed  into  the  hands  of  that 
red-hot  old  Democrat,  George  L.  Hart,  Avho  has  been  connected  with  it  for 
eighteen  years — its  senior  editor  and  one  of  the  proprietors  for  the  last  twelve 
years,  and  since  June,  1877,  its  sole  proprietor.  The  Sentinel  is  the  only  "true 
blue  "  Democratic  paper  in  the  county,  and  the  Minonk  Blade  the  only  Repub- 
lican paper.  The  El  Paso  Journal,  the  Eureka  Journal  and  the  Washburn 
Neivs  are  Independent,  and  take  no  particular  side  in  political  issues.      They 


262  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

are  all  live  newspapers,  well  up  to  the  average  standard  of  merit,  and  are  lib- 
orallv  supported  in  their  respective  towns. 

The  school  facilities  of  Woodford  are  second  to  no  county  in  the  State. 
With  good  school  houses,  able  teachers,  well-conducted  schools  and  an  ample 
fund  for  their  support,  they  cannot  be  otherwise  than  in  a  flourishing  condition. 
From  Prof.  J.  E.  Lamb.  County  Superintendent  of  Schools,  we  receive  the  fol- 
lowing statistical  information  : 

Numbei-  of  ungraded  schools  in  county 117 

Number  of  graded  schools  in  county '. 10 

Number  of  children  entitled  to  school  privileges 11,813 

Number  of  male  teachers  employed 89 

Number  of  female  teachers  employed 127 

Highest  monthly  wages  paid  to  male  teachers $122  22 

Highest  monthly  wages  paid  to  female  teachers 52  80 

Estimated  value  of  school  property 109. 375  (K) 

Estimated  value  of  school  libraries 450  00 

Estimated  value  of  school  apparatus 1,403  00 

School  fund,  principal  and  interest 7,945  25 

In  addition  to  the  excellent  system  of  common  schools,  the  county  enjoys 
the  advantages  of  a  first-class  college,  admirably  located,  in  the  village  of  Eu- 
reka, and  in  charge  of  an  accomplished  faculty.  In  Eureka  College,  students 
receive  a  classical  education,  under  the  very  shadow  of  their  own  homes,  and 
in  the  long  list  of  graduates  of  the  institution  stand  some  of  the  foremost 
men  of  the  country. 

RAILROAD    FACILITIE.S. 

Woodford  County  has  about  seventy  miles  of  railroad  in  successful  opera- 
tion, and  telegraph  lines  stretching  across  it  in  all  directions.  Four  roads 
intersect  it,  and  the  snort  of  the  iron  horse  is  heard  in  almost  every  village. 
The  Illinois  Central  crosses  from  north  to  south  through  the  eastern  tier  of 
townships — Minonk,  Panola  and  El  Paso — with  about  nineteen  miles  of  road 
in  the  county.  The  Toledo.  Peoria  &  Warsaw  crosses  from  east  to  west,  pass- 
ing through  Cruger,  Olio.  Palestine  and  El  Paso  Townships,  and  has  about 
eighteen  miles  of  road  in  the  county.  The  Western  Division  of  the  Chicago  k 
Alton  and  the  Chicago,  Pekin  &  Southwestern  cross  diagonallv  from  the  north- 
east  to  southwest,  the  former  through  the  townships  of  Cazenovia  and  Meta- 
mora,  and  the  latter  tbrough  Minonk,  Clayton.  Greene,  Roanoke,  Olio  and 
Cruger,  with  a  combined  distance  of  road  in  the  county  of  thirty-three  miles. 
The  following  table  more  clearly  shows  the  importance  and  value  of  its  railroads  : 

Assessed  value,  includ- 

Miles  of  Road  ing  Rolling  Stock, 

in  the  County.  Buildings, Side-tracks,  etc. 

Chicago  &  Alton 18  $110,895.00 

Chicago,  Pekin  .S:  South-Western 20  44,829.00 

Toledo,  Peoria  \-  Warsaw 18  (57,420.00 

Illinois  Central* ly  

Total 70  $228  144.00 

*  The  TlltDois  Central  pays  no  county  tax.  ^ 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  263 

POLITICAL    AND    WAR    RECORD. 

Through  all  the  changing  scenes  of  political  strife,  the  revolution  and 
reversal  of  political  parties  and  questions,  Woodford  has  ever  stood  a  Demo- 
cratic county.  In  the  days  of  Jackson,  long  before  its  formation  as  a  county, 
Avhen  the  scanty  settlements  boasted  of  but  a  few  dozen  voters,  a  majority  of 
those  few  were  Democratic ;  and  when  a  new  party  arose,  destined  to  shake 
almost  the  entire  world  with  its  broad  political  views,  the  old  county — no  longer 
a  feeble  few,  but  a  host — still  retained  its  principles  of  Democracy,  and  on  all 
important  occasions  piled  up  a  Democratic  majority.  There  are  those  living 
to-day,  in  Woodford  County,  who  voted  for  Gen.  Jackson,  and  who  desire  no 
higher  political  distinction  than  that  of  being  called  a  Jackson  Democrat. 
When  the  old  hero  of  New  Orleans  passed  away,  and  the  star  of  the  "  Little 
Giant"  rose  in  the  West,  they  beheld  in  him  one  worthy  to  wear  the  old  man's 
mantle,  and  adopted  him  as  their  leader.  The  name  of  Douglas  is  enshrined  in 
their  hearts  with  all  the  veneration  bestowed  on  "  Old  Hickorv."  Althousrh 
styled  a  "Copperhead"  county,  no  county,  perhaps,  in  Illinois  turned  out  more 
soldiers,  according  to  its  population,  than  did  Woodford.  When  the  old  flag 
was  lowered  from  the  battlements  of 'Fort  Sumter  and  the  "  Palmetto"  hoisted 
in  its  place,  they  quietly  left  their  daily  pursuits  and  offered  themselves  to  their 
country.  Many  went  to  Peoria  and  Bloomington  and  enlisted,  and  were 
accredited  to  those  cities,  while,  with  a  carelessness  almost  reprehensible,  the 
county  failed  to  get  credit  for  the  recruits  she  furnished.  From  the  most  reli- 
able information,  it  is  believed  that  at  least  fifteen  hundred  men  volunteered 
from  Woodford  County,  many  of  whom  were  registered  from  other  places.  The 
Eleventh  and  Fourth  Cavalry  Regiments ;  the  Seventy-seventh,  Eighty-fifth 
and  One  Hundred  and  Eighth  Regiments  of  Volunteer  Infantry,  contained  many 
of  the  brave  fellows  of  Woodford,  and  the  fields  of  Vicksburg,  Stone  River,  Gettys- 
burg, and  a  score  of  others,  attest  their  valor.       Many  a  far-off  grave,  beneath 

the  pines  and  palm  trees,  records  the  fate  of  those  who  never  retunred,  while 

"  The  muffled  drum's  sad  roll  has  beat 
The  soldier's  last  tattoo." 

They  went  forth  strong  in  the  virtue  of  their  cause,  and  it  was  no  reproach  to 
their  valor  that  they  fell  by  those  brave  as  themselves.  Col,  Meek,  Major  Sid- 
well,  Capts.  Bullock  and  McCulloch,  Lieuts.  Briggs  and  Davidson  are  some  of 
the  officers  of  Woodford,  and  the  Drs,  Whitmire  and  Kinnear,  of  Metamora  ; 
Dr.  Conover,  Eureka  ;  Drs,  Stockwell  and  Cole,  of  El  Paso,  were  of  the  medi- 
cal denartment,  while  the  rank  and  file  were  of  the  best  and  sturdiest  men  of 
the  county.  To  those  who  fought  the  battle  through,  and  returned  in  safety  to 
home  and  friends,  you  have  your  reward  in  the  knowledge  that  the  old  flag  still 
floats  over  all  the  States.     Of  those  who  fell  in  the  storm  of  strife  and  sleep  far 

away,  perchance  in  neglected  graves,  we  say,  Requiescat  in  pace. 

"Give  them  the  meed  they  have  won  in  the  past, 
Give  them  the  honors  their  merits  forecast : 
Give  them  the  chaplets  they  won  in  the  strife  : 
Give  them  the  laurels  they  lost  with  their  life." 


264  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 


THE    INDIANS. 


In  the  early  settlement  of  Woodford  County,  Indians  were  <|uite  numerous 
in  the  western  part,  along  the  Illinois  River  and  in  the  heavy  timbered  sections. 
They  were  apparently  harmless  and  good  natured,  rather  lazy,  and  a  little  dis- 
posed sometimes  to  indulge  in  petty  thieveries.  The  'chief,  Black  Partridge, 
had  his  wigwam  not  far  from  the  present  village  of  Metaraora  at  one  time, 
though  no  one  now  living  remembers  anything  about  him  but  Avhat  has  been 
detailed  from  other  parties.  The  Indians  found  here  by  the  first  settlers  were 
mostly  Pottawatomies,  with  a  few  Sacs,  Ottawas  and  Foxes.  During  the 
Winter  of  the  "deep  snow,"  they  were,  as  we  were  informed,  of  considerable 
benefit  to  the  settlers  in  furnishing  them  provisions.  They  donned  their  snow- 
shoes,  and  with  the  aid  of  this  convenience  were  enabled  to  get  over  the  vast 
fields  of  snow  with  comparative  ease.  There  are  still  old  pioneers  to  be  occa- 
sionally met  with  who  participated  in  the  Blackhawk  war,  and  from  them  we 
received  some  of  the  particulars  of  those  exciting  times.  But  the  tide  of  battle 
raged  far  north  of  this,  and  the  frights  of  the  war  rarely  extended  to  this  sec- 
tion. As  the  advancing  tide  of  immigration  rolled  in  this  direction,  the  red 
man  was  pressed  on  toward  the  setting  sun.  The  glare  of  his  council  fire  paled 
in  the  brighter  light  of  civilization,  and  then  went  out  forever.  There  is  much 
in  the  history  of  the  Indian  to  loathe,  and  to  inspire  within  us  the  bitterest 
feelings ;  and  there  is  much,  too,  of  mournful  grandeur  and  sublimity.  A 
paragraph  from  Sprague's  History  of  the  American  Indians  seems  not  inap- 
propriate in  this  connection  :  "  As  a  race,  they  have  withered  from  the  land. 
Their  arrows  are  broken,  their  springs  are  dried  up,  their  cabins  are  in  the  dust. 
Their  council  fire  has  long  since  gone  out  on  the  shore,  and  their  war  cry  is 
fast  dying  away  in  the  untrodden  west.  Slowly  and  sadly  they  climb  the  dis- 
tant mountains,  and  read  their  doom  in  the  setting  sun.  They  are  shrinking 
before  the  mighty  tide  which  is  pressing  them  away ;  they  must  soon  hear  the 
roar  of  the  last  wave  which  will  settle  over  them  forever."  The  theory  con- 
cerning the  Mound  Builders,  that  strange  race  of  people  of  whom  so  many  con- 
jectures exist,  that  they  occupied  this  country  centuries  and  centuries  ago,  and 
were  subdued  by  the  Indiajis,  is  borne  out  by  investigation  of  the  mounde 
which  abound  in  Woodford  County.  These  mounds  are  confined  mostly  to 
Spring  Bay  and  Partridge  Townships,  and  the  relics  found  in  and  about  them 
go  far  to  confirm  this  theory — that  they  were  a  diiferent  race  of  people,  far 
superior  and  more  advanced  in  civilization  than  their  savage  conquerors.  Some 
men  of  the  Peoria  Scientific  Association  surveved  a  number  of  these  mounds  a 
short  time  ago,  but  whether  they  have  ever  made  a  report  of  their  investiga- 
tions, or  advanced  a  theory  other  than  those  which  have  already  been  publishe<l, 
we  have  been  unable  to  learn.  One  of  the  mounds  surveyed  by  these  gentlemen 
is  situated  a  half  mile  southwest  of  the  village  of  Spring  Bay,  and  is  one  of 
the  largest  in  the  State.     There  is  a  prevailing  tradition  of  a  great  battle  hav- 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  265 

ing  been  at  some  time  fought  at  or  near  this  mound  by  the  Indians,  and  the 
large  number  of  human  bones  found  throughout  its  neighborhood  seems  to  cor- 
roborate the  historian's  statement.  Further  notice  of  these  mounds  is  made  in 
the  history  of  Spring  Bay  and  Partridge  Townships. 

GEOLOGICAL    FEATURES. 

Woodford  County  geologically  lies  in  the  northern  limit  of  the  great  coal 
fields.  In  the  vicinity  of  the  Illinois  River,  the  coal  deposit  runs  very  near  to 
the  surface,  but  further  back  and  on  the  prairies,  it  extends  deeper  into  the 
earth,  varying  from  300  to  600  feet.  In  sinking  a  shaft  for  coal  near  the  vil- 
lage of  Metamora,  at  about  fifty  feet  below  the  surface,  a  vein  of  coal  was  struck 
of  one  foot  in  thickness.  At  125  feet,  a  seam  three  feet  in  thickness  was  reached, 
in  the  middle  of  Avhich  was  good  coal.  In  the  Minonk  mines,  a  seam  of  coal, 
four  feet  thick,  was  found  at  a  depth  of  314  feet,  and  at  about  550  feet,  another 
seam  of  very  superior  coal  was  reached.  The  soil  near  Metamora — and  this 
applies  to  all  the  prairies  land  of  the  county — is  from  two  and  a  half  to  four 
feet  in  thickness,  deep  black  or  dark  brown  in  color,  and  very  rich  and  product- 
ive. Beneath  this  soil  is  ten  or  twelve  feet  of  yellow,  loamy  clay,  which  also 
produces  well  with  proper  cultivation.  Usually  underlying  this  clay,  is  a 
stratum  of  sand,  gravel  and  small  boulders,  when  the  blue  clay  is  reached. 
This  diluvium  or  deposit  of  blue  clay  is  deep,  extending  to  more  than  a  hun- 
dred feet  below  the  surface,  and  in  it  are  found  many  rich  specimens  of  minerals, 
fossil  remains,  etc.  In  sinking  a  well  on  the  County  Farm,  at  a  depth  of  sixty 
feet,  large  pieces  of  wood  was  found  in  a  perfect  state  of  preservation,  specimens 
of  which  we  have  examined.  At  the  coal  shaft  near  Metamora,  before  alluded 
to,  at  almost  200  feet  below  the  surface,  was  found  a  bed  of  lime  rock,  the  top 
of  which  is  worn  in  grooves,  and  much  ground  in  places,  as  if  by  the  constant 
exposure  to  drift  passing  over  it.  In  this  rock  are  found  numbers  of  fossil  shells, 
corals  and  numerous  other  rich  and  rare  specimens.  The  drift  along  the  brakes 
of  Partridge  Creek  and  its  branches  contains  many  of  the  richest  specimens 
known  to  the  student  of  geology  and  mineralogy.  Many  of  these  are  recog- 
nized by  scientific  research  as  native  to  other  sections  of  the  State  and  to  dis- 
tant regions  of  the  country.  This  formation  of  diluvium,  and  the  variety  of 
substances  contained  in  it,  has  puzzled  the  most  erudite  scholars.  The  more 
probable  theory  seems  to  be,  that  these  vast  prairies,  now  a  succession  of  culti- 
vated and  productive  farms,  were,  ages  ago,  the  bed  of  the  great  lakes  of  the 
north ;  that  their  ever  restless  waves  and  the  rolling  billows  of  their  storm-lashed 
waters,  casting  up  the  sands  and  drifts,  in  time  changed  their  beds  to  other 
localities.  Another  theory  has  been  advanced,  and  is  alluded  to  by  Prof.  Rad- 
ford in  his  History  of  Woodford  County  :  "  That  this  deposit  was  made  by  a 
great  sea  of  ice,  or  glacier,  which  gradually  crept  down  from  the  north,  bringing 
with  it  these  vast  amounts  of  matter,  and  extending  as  far  south  as  the  Ohio 


266  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

River."  This  theory,  however,  is  pretty  generally  discarded  in  favor  of  the  other, 
and  with  reason,  according  to  our  view  of  the  matter.  But  leaving  the  subject  to 
the  scientific,  we  subjoin  a  list  of  some  of  the  specimens  collected  in  the  county,  and 
contained  in  the  collection  of  Adino  Page,  Esq. ,  one  of  the  largest  and  richest  private 
collections  we  have  ever  examined.  Minerals:  granite,  basalt,  amygdaloid,  por- 
phyry, jasper,  iron  ore,  syenite,  copper  ore,  greenstone,  tourmaline,  actinotite,  trap, 
feldspar,  mica,  bog  iron  ore,  coloid  marbles,  pudding  stones  ( various),  gneiss,  quartz, 
galena,  chrystal,  zinc,  fossil  corals,  marine  shells,  etc.,  and  nuggets  of  pure  cop- 
per have  been  found  weighing  twelve  pounds.  It  is  also  claimed  that  silver  ore 
has  been  found  along  the  creek  drifts.  The  following  conchological  specimens 
have  been  found  in  the  creeks,  and  in  the  Illinois  River  along  the  border  of 
Woodford  County :  Unio  Plicatus,  Unio  Multiplicatus,  Unio  Gibbosa,  Unio 
Trigonus,  Unio  Teres,  Unio  Abruptus,  Unio  Lincolatus,  Unio  Implicatus,  Unio 
Cornutus,  Unio  Pustulosa,  Unio  Complinatus,  Unio  Lutiolus,  Unio  Tuberculatus, 
Unio  Radiatus,  and  the  following  of  the  land  snail  family :  Helix  Profunda, 
Helix  Multilinuta,  Helix  Albolabris,  Helix  Clausa. 

It  is  said  that  about  sixty  different  specimens  of  shells  have  been  found  in 
the  Illinois  River  and  the  creeks  that  flow  into  it  through  this  county  ;  a  great 
many  other  specimens  of  geology  and  mineralogy  have  likewise  been  found  here, 
in  addition  to  those  already  enumerated. 

THE    DEEP    SNOW 

which  occurred  in  the  Winter  of  1830-1  is  an  event  of  so  much  interest  to  the 
few  old  settlers  who  were  here  at  that  distant  period,  and  are  still  living,  that 
we  cannot  close  our  general  history  without  some  notice  of  it.  It  is  an  epoch 
from  which  all  important  events  are  dated.  It  began  in  December  and  fell  to 
the  depth  of  four  feet,  and  lay  on  the  ground  until  early  Spring.  Many  wild 
animals  of  the  forest  and  prairie  perished,  and  others  became  so  gentle  and  tame 
that  they  seemed  not  to  fear  their  natural  enemy,  man,  and  the  settlers  then  in 
this  section  suffered  the  most  extreme  hardships.  We  have  no  account  of  any 
loss  of  human  life  from  its  effects,  but  much  of  the  privations  and  sufferings 
experienced  during  the  Winter. 

The  Winter  of  1836-7  is  another  chronological  event  in  the  county's  his- 
tory, and  is  memorable  for  one  of  the  coldest  days  ever  experienced  in  the  State 
of  Illinois.  A  sad  story  is  given  in  the  history  of  Partridge  Township,  of  a  man 
and  his  daughter  freezing  to  death  under  very  distressing  circumstances.  In 
contradistinction  to  these  seasons  of  such  unusual  severity,  we  would  mention, 
as  a  matter  of  history,  the  Winter  of  1877—8,  as  one  remarkable  on  account  of 
its  exceptional  meteorological  character,  and  have  no  doubt  but  that  it  will  pass 
down  to  future  generations,  as  the  Winter  of  the  "  deep  mud,"  just  as  the  other 
has  come  down  to  us  as  the  Winter  of  the  "  deep  snow.  ' 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  267 

METAMORA  TOWNSHIP. 

This  township  is  pretty  well  diversified  between  woodland  and  prairie,  and 
contains  but  few  tracts  of  the  latter  which  are  not  under  a  fine  state  of  cultiva- 
tion, while  the  former  furnishes  the  best  of  timber  in  abundance.  In 
agricultural  resources  it  is  second  to  no  township  in  the  county,  and  the  comple- 
tion of  the  Western  Division  of  the  Chicago  &  Alton  Railroad,  which  crosses  it 
diagonally,  has  added  materially  to  its  commercial  importance  and  prosperity. 
It  occupies  a  position  just  touching  the  northeast  corner  of  Tazewell  County, 
and  east  of  Worth  Township,  south  of  Cazenovia,  west  of  Roanoke  and  north  of 
Cruger,  and  is  known  as  Township  27  north.  Range  2  west  of  the  Third  Principal 
Meridian,  with  an  assessed  valuation  of  taxable  property  for  1877  of 
$781,226.00. 

SETTLEMENT. 

The  facts  pertaining  to  the  early  settlement  of  Metamora  Township  are  of 
historical  interest,  and  comprise  as  much  of  importance  as  any  of  the  early  set- 
tlements of  Woodford  County.  As  early,  it  is  said,  as  1823-4,  white  men  had 
begun  to  wander  this  way,  and  to  erect  their  cabins  in  the  great  forests  bordering 
Walnut  and  Partridge  Creeks,  which  have  their  sources  in  this  township  ;  but 
whether  so  far  back  as  the  date  above  given,  is  a  point  subject  to  some  doubt 
and  conjecture.  It  is,  however,  pretty  generally  admitted,  that  a  half  a  century 
or  more  has  passed  since  settlements  were  first  made  in  this  section,  and  within 
less  than  a  mile  of  the  present  village  of  Metamora.  Daniel,  William  and  Sol- 
omon Sowards  are  supposed  to  have  been  the  first  to  settle  in  this  neighborhood, 
and  believed  by  some  to  have  been  here  as  early  as  the  date  mentioned.  Daniel, 
who  was  the  oldest  of  the  three  boys,  perhaps  was  the  first  to  come  to  this  wil- 
derness. He  built  a  block  house  but  a  short  distance  from  the  present  residence 
of  Mr.  Yoereger,  as  a  protection  against  the  Indians,  who  were  numerous  at  that 
time,  but  apparently  harmless  and  peaceably  disposed.  The  old  block  house 
stood  for  many  years  as  a  relic  of  the  pioneer  days. 

As  we  have  already  said,  the  Sowardses  are  supposed  to  have  been  the  first 
settlers  here,  and  with  none  living  to  contest  the  point,  and  the  oldest  agreeing 
that  they  were,  we,  too,  give  them  the  honor,  subject  to  any  doubts  that  may 
exist  in  regard  to  it.  They  were  Eastern  people,  and  claimed  descent  from 
tlie  genuine  old  Puritan  stock  ;  also,  to  be  a  branch  of  the  family  of  Sewards, 
and  remotely  connected  with  the  late  William  H.  Seward,  Secretary  of  State 
under  President  Lincoln.  Although  the  names  differ  slightly  in  orthography, 
sucli  things  often  occur  in  families  through  a  descent  of  several  generations,  and 
we  will  not  withhold  from  their  memory  the  honor  bestowed  on  the  name  by  the 
able  statesman.  The  history  of  Metamora  Township  records  no  instance  of  any 
member  of  the  Sowards  family  attaining  to  an  office  of  ''  trust  or  profit,"  or  dis- 
tinguishing himself  other  than  as  a  common  farmer. 

" Their  history  is  written 

In  their  race,  and,  like  the  stars, 
They  quietly  fulfill  their  destiny. 


268  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

They  were  simple-minded,  unpretending  people,  serving  out  their  day  and 
generation,  and,  Avith  the  other  relics  of  other  days,  have  passed  away. 

George  Kingston,  Avho  first  settled  in  Spring  Bay  Township,  and  in  1(S28 
settled  in  Metamora,  on  the  place  now  occupied  by  Jerry  Ray,  came  from  the 
County  of  Cork,  Ireland,  with  his  father  in  1816.  They  stopped  in  Pittsburgh, 
Avhere  they  remained  until  1818,  when  they  removed  to  Illinois,  and  settled  in 
St.  Clair  County,  ne^r  Shiloh  Church.  After  attaining  to  manhood,  George 
Kingston  settled  in  Sangamon  County,  where  he  married  Susan  Miller,  a  niece, 
it  is  said,  of  General  Whiteside,  who  was  famed  as  a  great  Indian  fighter-. 
While  Mr.  Kingston  does  not  seem  to  have  been  of  a  warlike  disposition,  nor 
any  of  his  children  strongly  predisposed  that  way,  yet  he,  as  well  as  his  wife, 
came  of  a  somewhat  warlike  race.  His  grandfather,  he  states,  was  a  soldier, 
and  served  for  some  time  in  the  ;irmy  of  Oliver  Cromwell.  He  settled,  as  already 
stated,  in  ^letamora  Township  in  1828,  on  a  claim  which  he  purchased  from 
one  Connor.  Who  Connor  was  or  whence  he  came,  nothing  definite  can  be 
ascertained.  In  coming  to  Woodford  County,  Kingston  crossed  the  Illinois 
River  above  Peoria,  probably  at  "the  Narrows,"  and  having  with  him,  in  addi- 
tion to  other  property,  a  small  drove  of  hogs,  they  were  immediately  stolen  from 
him  after  crossing  the  river  by  the  Indians,  or  men  disguised  as  such.  Mr. 
Kingston  has  always  maintained  that  the  thieves  were  "white  Indians."  No  doubt 
they  were,  as  there  seems  to  have  been  a  regular  organized  band  of  thieves  in 
this  part  of  the  State  at  that  time,  and  many  of  their  depredations  were  charged 
to  the  much  persecuted  red  men.  He  Avas  wont  to  mention  with  pride  the  fact 
that  he  voted  for  the  admission  of  Illinois  into  the  Union  as  a  "  free  State,"  and 
also  for  her  to  pay  her  debt.  An  anecdote  is  told  of  his  idea  of  politics  and  of 
voting  in  a  republican  country,  in  which  his  Irish  eccentricity  was  amusingly 
displayed.  He  liad  always  claimed  to  be  a  strong  Democrat,  and  had  voted  with 
that  party.  During  the  great  excitement  of  the  Presidential  campaign  of  1840,  it 
was  reported  in  the  Democratic  camp  that  George  Kingston  was  going  to  vote 
for  Harrison.  Being  remonstrated  with  and  reproached  for  his  apostacy,  he 
innocently  replied  that  he  was  "  in  favor  of  the  majority  ruling,-  and  as  he 
believed  Harrison  would  be  elected,  he  thought  it  his  duty  to  vote  for  him." 
That  "  he  believed  in  a  republican  government,  and  unless  the  majority  ruled, 
a  republican  government  was  a  failure  and  a  fraud.  '  His  idea  of  true  Democ- 
racy seemed  to  be  to  vote  with  the  majority,  regardless  of  particular  dogmas, 
and  no  argument  from  his  Democratic  friends  could  shake  his  opinion  of  right, 
and  vote  for  Harrison  he  did.  Mr.  Kingston  is  at  present  living  in  Livingsion 
County,  a  feeble  old  man,  both  mentally  and  physically. 

In  a  few  years,  the  little  settlement  was  augmented  by  several  families  from 
France — that  land  of  beauty  and  refinement.  Peter  Engle,  Sr.,  the  Verklers, 
who  were  step-sons,  and  John  Brickler  came  from  the  province  of  Lorraine  in 
1831.  John  -Engle,  a  half  brother  to  Peter,  had  come  out  a  year  or  two  pre- 
vious, < 'hristian   Smith  in  1833,  and   about   the  same  time   Francis  Bregeard, 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  269 

Pichere.au  and  Rev.  Christian  Engle,  the  father  of  Peter  and  John  Engle. 

Joseph  Bachman  and  Michael  Yoereger,  from  Alsace,  France,  in  1839.  Some 
of  these  old  settlers  are  still  living  upon  their  original  homesteads,  and  within 
sound  of  the  church  bells  of  Metamora  village.  A  son  of  Yoereger  lives  on  the 
old  place,  and  within  a  few  rods  of  where  Sowards  built  the  blockhouse.  John 
Encrle  still  lives  within  a  mile  or  two  of  the  village.      He  was  a  teamster  for  the 

Cj  CD 

government  during  the  Black  Hawk  war.  John  Brickler  settled  where  Farver, 
his  son-in  law,  now  lives,  and  died  in  1852.  He  had  been  a  soldier  in  Bona- 
parte's army  in  the  department  of  artillery  ;  was  in  the  expedition  of  the  Grand 
Army  to  Russia,  and  in  its  famous  retreat  from  Moscow.  When  he  came  to 
America,  he  brought  with  him  one  of  the  short  artillerv  swords  used  in  the 
French  army  in  that  branch  of  the  service,  and  which  in  this  republican  coun- 
try was  degraded  from  the  glory  of  "  noble  war  "  by  being  used  as  a  knife  for 
"  cutting  up  corn."  There  are  those  still  living  in  this  immediate  vicinity  wlio 
have  used  the  old  sword  in  that  capacity.  Marcelin  Farver  came  from  Switzer- 
land to  Woodford  County  in  1837.  He  married  Mary,  a  daughter  of  John 
Brickler,  and  now  lives  where  Brickler  originally  settled.  He  was  her  second 
husband,  her  first  having  died  soon  after  their  marriage. 

Peter  Engle,  Sr.,  and  his  father,  Rev.  Christian  Engle,  are  both  dead;  tlie 
latter  was  a  minister  of  the  Mennonite  Church,  and  preached  to  his  congregation 
the  Sunday  before  his  death.  Peter  Engle,  Sr.,  was  a  man  of  the  broadest 
benevolence  ;  and  the  poor  in  his  own  country,  as  well  as  the  unfortunate  in 
this  settlement,  had  many  a  cause  to  shower  blessings  upon  his  head.  Peter 
Engle,  Jr.,  his  son,  who  was  but  9  years  old  when  his  father  came  to  this  coun- 
try, lives  still  upon  the  old  homestead.  From  him  we  learned  many  of  the  par- 
ticulars of  the  privations  of  these  early  days,  and  some  of  the  incidents  of  their 
voyage  to  the  land  of  liberty.  They  landed  in  Baltimore  on  the  21st  of  May, 
and  proceeded  to  Lancaster  County,  Penn.,  crossing  the  mountains  of  the  Old 
Quaker  State  with  a  cart,  drawn  by  one  horse,  in  which  rode  Mrs.  Engle  and 
an  aunt,  who  had  a  young  baby,  while  the  rest  of  the  party  trudged  along  on 
foot. 

After  a  tedious  journey,  they  arrived  in  Pittsburgh,  where  they  embarked  on 
an  Ohio  River  boat  and  came  down  to  Louisville.  Here  they  changed  boats, 
and  passed  over  the  falls  at  low  water,  and  could  feel  their  vessel  bump  on  the 
rocks,  but  got  over  in  safety.  They  passed  down  the  Ohio  and  up  the  Missis- 
sippi River  to  St.  Louis,  where  they  were  transferred  to  another  boat  for  the 
Illinois  River.  This  was  an  old,  rickety  affair,  and  sunk  on  its  next  trip,  after  land- 
ing the  Engles  safely  at  th'eir  destination,  Fort  Clarke  (now  Peoria),  from  whence 
they  came  to  the  Metamora  settlement,  sometimes  called  at  that  day  the  settle- 
ment of  Partridge  Point.  Mr.  Engle  bought  a  claim  from  Benjamin  Williams, 
who  then  removed  into  what  is  now  Worth  Township.  Upon  tfliis  claim  there 
was  a  little  log  hut,  10x12  feet,  without  loft  or  window,  which  stood  near  the 
present  residence,  and  into  this  the  family  moved.      Their  bread,  for  some  time 


270  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

after  their  arrival,  was  made  of  frost-bitten  corn,  which  had  been  dried  in  the 
,sun,  then  pounded  into  a  kind  of  meal  in  skillets,  and  baked  on  a  board  before 
the  fire.  i 

"Old  Kaintuck"  gave  to  this  settlement  the  Bantas,  Kobert  T.  Cassell, 
Joseph  AVilkerson,  William  H.  Delph,  Jesse  Dale  and  perhaps  other  families. 
Of  the  Bantas,  there  were  Jacob  Banta,  and  three  sons,  David,  Albert  J.  and 
CorneliTis  D.  Banta,  who  came  in  1832,  except  Albert,  who  came  the  next  yeai-. 
Jacob  Banta  was  born  in  New  Jersey,  but  in  sight  of  the  church  spires  of  the 
Empire  City.  He  emigrated  to  Kentucky  with  his  father  when  a  small  boy, 
and  settled  in  Mercer  County  near  Harrodsburg,  where  they  lived  until  they 
removed  to  Illinois  in  1832.  There  seems  to  have  been  a  singular  coincidence 
in  the  birth  and  death  of  this  old  patriot — born  in  1771,  on  the  eve  of  the  tei- 
i-ible  struggle  that  finally,  through  a  succession  of  miracles  as  it  were,  ended  in 
his  country's  glory,  he  passed  away  just  as  another  great  revolution  was  ready 
to  burst  upon  the  country  he  so  dearly  loved.  He  died  February  26,  1861,  in 
the  90th  year  of  his  age,  and  was  kindly  spared  the  witnessing  of  the  horrors  of 
a  civil  war.  Cornelius  and  David  Banta*  came  to  Illinois  with  their  father,  as 
stated,  in  1832.  '•  Niel  "  Banta,  as  he  is  familiarly  called,  entered  land  a  mile 
north  of  Metamora  village,  in  1833,  where  he  still  lives.  For  several  years 
after  entering  his  land,  he  "  bached  "  it,  while  opening  up  improvements,  on 
the  principle  of  having  a  "cage  ready  for  the  bird."  When  the  Bantas  came, 
they  remember  among  those  living  in  the  settlement,  Peter  Engle,  Sr.,  the 
Sowardses,  John  Brickler,  George  Kingston,  but  a  number  of  empty  cabins, 
which  had  been  deserted  by  their  occupants  in  anticipation  of  the  horrors  of  the 
Black  Hawk  war,  few  of  whom  ever  returned.  The  first  meal  they  procured 
after  arriving  here  Avas  from  a  little  horse  mill  in  the  neighborhood,  and  was  a 
highly  esteemed  luxury  in  the  family,  as  they  had  been  living  principally  on 
potatoes  for  several  days.  Mr.  Banta  sometimes  worked  at  wagon  making  and 
repairing,  and  as  that  class  of  mechanics  were  scarce,  his  ingenuity  was  often 
brought  to  the  test.  He  relates  an  amusing  anecdote  of  his  first  lesson  in  Ger- 
man. Being  called  on  to  repair  some  damages  to  a  neighbor's  wagon  one  day, 
and  not  having  all  the  tools  needed,  went  to  Mr.  Engle's  for  the  purpose  of  bor- 
rowing an  iron  S(}uare.  Mr.  Engle  kindly  told  him  he  Avas  welcome  to  the 
article,  but  that  "  old  man  so  and  so  "  had  it,  and  that  he  would  have  to  go  there 
for  it.  This  old  neighbor  was  a  German  who  could  not  speak  a  word  of  English. 
Mr.  Banta  inquired  what  iron  square  was  in  German,  and  was  informed  by 
Engle  that  it  was  weinkel-izer  (our  German  friends  will  pardon  us  if  the  word 
is  spelled  wrong,  we  spell  it  as  it  sounds  to  our  English  ears),  and  he  started  for 
the  German's  place,  repeating  the  word  to  himself.  He  found  the  old  man  at 
home  and  inquired,  "you  got  Engle's  weinkel-izer?"  "  Yaw,"  he  replied,  and 
forthwith  produced  the  said  "weinkel-izer,"  and  Banta  went  on  his  way  rejoicing. 
Albert  J.  Banta  came  out  to  this  county  in  1833,  and  settled  a  mile  or  two  west 

*  David  Banta  has  always  lived  in  Tazewell  County. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  271 

of  the  village  of  Metaraora,  where  his  widow,  Mrs.  Rachel  Banta,  still  lives. 
They  drove  through  from  Mercer  County,  Kentucky,  their  native  place,  with  a 
team,  and  when  in  the  vicinity  of  where  Bloomington  now  is,  Mr.  Banta,  in 
stepping  out  on  the  wagon  tongue  for  the  purpose  of  getting  on  one  of  the 
horses,  fell,  and  in  so  doing,  stuck  the  end  of  his  whip-handle  in  his  right  eye, 
totally  destroying  the  sight.  Before  leaving  Kentucky,  he  had  seriously  injured 
the  other  in  "burning  tobacco  beds,"  and  was  now  almost  blind.  The  next 
Summer,  his  wife  took  him  to  a  noted  physician,  who,  to  a  considerable  extent, 
restored  sight  to  the  eye  injured  while  yet  in  Kentucky.  They  remained  with 
Mr.  Banta's  father,  at  Holland's  Grove,  where  the  old  gentleman  first  settled, 
until  Spring,  when  they  came  to  the  place  already  mentioned,  and  bought  160 
acres  of  land,  with  a  couple  of  little  log-cabins  on  it,  into  one  of  which  they 
removed.  It  had  a  puncheon  floor,  a  very  poor  stick  fire-place  and  chimney, 
and  a  door  made  from  puncheons  split  out  of  logs,  four  inches  thick,,  so  as  to  be 
bullet  proof,  an  object  looked  to  by  the  early  settlers  in  building  their  cabins. 
They  did  not  get  settled  in  time  to  raise  anything  the  first  year,  and  Mr.  Banta 
went  over  to  the  Walnut  Grove  settlement,  where  he  succeeded  in  buying  a  few 
bushels  of  corn  on  credit,  and  brought  it  home.  This  they  "hulled  "  by  soaking 
it  in  lye,  thus  making  what  was  called  "  lye-hominy,"  and  ate  it  without  the 
luxury  of  either  milk  or  salt.  At  that  time  there  was  a  horse  mill  about  seven- 
teen miles  from  Washington,  near  the  present  town  of  Groveland,  owned  by  one 
McKingston.  To  this  mill  farmers  came  with  their  grain  from  Bloomington, 
and  other  places  quite  as  far  away.  Mr.  Banta's  father  used  to  go  there  to  mill, 
and  on  one  occasion  left  his  horses  three  days  in  order  to  secure  his  turn.  They 
had  to  go  to  Fort  Clarke  (now  Peoria)  to  procure  their  meager  housekeeping  out- 
fit, which  in  those  early  days  were  very  limited.  ^Ir.  Banta  died  in  1850,  and 
his  widow  is  still  living  on  the  place  of  their  original  settlement,  surrounded 
with  all  the  comforts  of  life.  After  passing  through  the  hardships  of  the  pioneei" 
times,  they  succeeded  in  accumulating  a  good  share  of  worldh'  goods.  Mrs. 
Banta  remembers  many  of  those  early  hardships  with  all  the  vividness  of  yes- 
terday's occurrence ;  how  they  used  three-legged  stools  of  their  own  man- 
ufacture for  chairs,  a  large  "cut "  from  a  tree  split  open  and  a  puncheon  hewed 
out,  with  holes  bored  in  it,  and  legs  put  in,  made  their  table;  holes  bored  in  the 
wall,  pins  driven  in,  and  a  pole  laid  across,  filled  in  with  straw,  was  their 
bed.  Looking  at  her  well  furnished  residence  of  to-day,  it  is  hard  to  realize  the 
changes  of  forty-five  years.  Mr.  Niel  Banta  relates  an  amusing  anecdote  illus- 
trative of  the  backwoods  in  those  early  times :  He  was  at  Spring  Bay  one  day, 
at  some  kind  of  a  public  gathering — perhaps  a  political  outpouring  of  the 
"  sturdy  yeomanry  "  of  the  land — and  many  of  the  multitude  were  exceedingly 
jubilant  and  merry  (there  was  a  still  house  near  by,  and  it  is  supposed  that  the 
close  proximity  of  it  had  some  influence  on  them),  when  a  man  was  taken  sud- 
denly very  ill.  A  young  man,  nicknamed  "  Cabe  "  Brown,  who  was  pretty  full 
of  Avhisky,  and  just  in  the  condition  to  be  officious,  appointed  himself  to  take 


272  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

care  of  the  sick  man,  and  called  in  Dr.  Hazard,  an  old  fogy  kind  of  a  doctor, 
about  as  drunk  as  himself.  The  Doctor  put  on  an  appearance  of  owl-like  wis- 
dom, shook  his  head  and  ahemed,  to  imply  that  the  case  was  a  critical  one, 
Cabe  could  not  endure  the  suspense,  but  impatiently  inquired  :  "  Doctor  what 
is  the  matter  with  him  ?  "  The  Doctor  scratching  his  head,  and  looking  wise, 
solemnly  replied  :  "  He  has  got  nondescript.''  "  My  God  I  "  said  Cabe,  "■  if  he 
has  got  nondescript,  he  will  die." 

Robert  T.  Cassell  was  born  in  Lexington,  Ky.,  and  came  to  Jacksonville, 
111.,  in  1830,  where  he  lived  until  the  Fall  of  1838,  when  the  death  of  his 
father,  who  owned  considerable  land  in  this  vicinity,  caused  him  to  remove  to 
Metamora  Township.  There  was  no  village  here  then ;  Hanover  had  not  yet 
risen  out  of  the  prairie  grass.  Mr.  Cassell  first  occupied  a  little  house  on  the 
corner  where  Plank's  law  office  now  stands,  and  afterward  became  memorable 
as  the  house  in  which  the  first  session  of  Court  was  held  after  the  removal  of  the 
seat  of  justice  faom  Versailles  to  Hanover.  Nor  were  there  any  settlements  on 
the  prairie.  Far  as  the  eye  could  reach,  away  over  the  boundless  plains,  not  a 
cabin  broke  the  dreary  monotony  of  the  scene,  not  a  tree  met  the  vision,  except 
the  forests  which  bound  the  prairies  as  the  beach  limits  the  sea.  When  Mr. 
Cassell  made  the  remark,  one  day,  that  in  fifty  years  those  broad  prairies  would 
be  flourishing  farms,  the  very  idea,  he  states,  was  ridiculed,  and  he  pronounced 
a  lunatic  for  suggesting  such  impossibilities.  Ere  half  of  the  fifty  years  had 
passed,  it  Avas  one  long  lane  from  Metamora  to  El  Paso,  with  fine,  productive 
farms  on  either  side. 

Another  of  the  Kentucky  delegation  was  William  H.  Delph,  who  is  still 
living  in  the  village  of  Metamora,  but  growing  old  and  slowly  tottering  down 
the  wintry  slope  of  life.  He  came  to  Illinois  in  1830,  and  stopped  first  at  Jack- 
sonville, where  he  remained  some  years.  Being  a  practical  engineer,  he  was  a 
man  of  much  importance  and  value  in  the  new  country,  and  was  the  first  rail- 
road engineer  to  move  a  train  of  cars  in  the  State.  The  road  was  Illinois'  first 
effbrt  in  that  direction,  and  extended  from  Jacksonville  to  Meredosia  on  the 
Illinois  River.  It  was  called  the  Great  Western  Railroad,  and  this  high-sound- 
ing name  was  adopted,  perhaps,  in  consideration  of  the  magnitude  of  the  enter- 
prise of  that  day.  The  propelling  engine  was  like  almost  anything  the  imagi- 
nation can  conceive  of,  except  the  perfect  locomotive  now  in  use.  It  would  some- 
times break  down  or  give  out,  and  the  train  be  detained  on  the  road  several 
days,  until  it  was  finally  thrown  aside  as  a  failure,  and  mules  substituted  in  its 
place.  Mr.  Delph 's  description  of  this  unique  railroad  and  its  equipments 
is  highly  entertaining,  but  they  are  matters  of  State  history,  and  we  leave  them 
with  this  passing  notice.  Mr.  Delph  was  induced  to  come  to  Woodford  County 
to  take  the  position  of  engineer  of  a  steam  saw-mill,  built  by  the  Parks  Brothers 
for  the  Hanover  Company.  He  finally  bought  the  mill  and  operated  it  for  about 
three  years,  when  he  sold  the  machinery  to  a  firm  in  Peoria.  The  machinery, 
it  is  said,  was  sufficiently  powerful  for  the  largest  steamboats  on  the  Western 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  273 

rivers,  and  took  more  wood  to  operate  it  than  to  run  the  heaviest  vessel.  All 
the  slabs  from  saw-logs  were  used  as  fuel,  with  an  extra  cord  of  wood  throAvn  in 
daily  to  keep  the  old  thing  going.  Mr.  Delph  served  as  Postmaster  of  Meta- 
mora  for  sixteen  years,  receiving  the  appointment  from  President  Lincoln  and 
resigning  the  position  upon  the  inauguration  of  Mr.  Hayes.  His  daughter, 
Mrs.  Mary  E.  Gaynor,  is  at  present  Postmistress. 

Joseph  Wilkerson  settled  first  in  Jennings  County,  Indiana,  but  after  some 
years  came  to  Illinois,  first  settling  at  Panther  Creek.  About  1834-5,  he 
removed  to  Metamora  Township,  where  he  bought  a  claim  and  settled  perma- 
nently. He  was  a  brother-in-law  of  the  Meekses  of  Walnut  Grove  settlement, 
and  a  man  of  sterling  worth,  energy  and  industry.  He  died  iu' this  neighbor- 
hood several  years  ago,  but  his  widow  is  still  living  and  enjoying  good  health  for 
one  of  her  years. 

Jesse  Dale  came  to  Illinois  at  an  early  day.  He  first  settled  at  Spring  Bay 
about  1829,  but  a  few  years  after  came  to  this  township.  Little  is  remembered 
of  him,  further  than  that  he  served  for  a  time  as  Treasurer  of  the  county,  and 
faithfully  discharged  the  duty.  It  is  related  of  him  that  he  used  to  bury  the 
funds  of  the  County  for  safe  keeping  in  the  ground,  and  that  upon  one  occasion 
he  buried  them  so  deep  that  he  had  a  long  and  exciting  search  before  he  himself 
could  find  them. 

From  the  State  that  gave  us  our  first  President  came  the  Reeder  family. 
Jacob  Reeder,  Sr.,  was  from  Louden  County,  Va.,  and  came  West  with  his 
father's  ftimily  in  1791,  then  but  four  years  old.  They  first  located  in  Ohio, 
near  the  old  town  of  Chillicothe,  when  all  the  Western  country  was  included  in 
the  Territory  of  the  Northwest.  They  remained  there  but  a  short  time,  then 
removed  to  a  place  called  Crawfish,  near  the  present  site  of  Cincinnati,  which 
was  then  an  unbroken  wilderness.  His  brother  built  the  first  frame  house  in  the 
Queen  City. 

In  1836,  Jacob  Reeder  came  to  Illinois,  and  settled  in  Lacon,  then  called 
Columbia,  where  he  remained  about  one  year,  when  he  removed  to  the  present 
county  of  Woodford,  and  settled  near  the  town  of  Washburn.  He  removed  into 
Metamora  Township  in  1847,  where  he  died  June  11,  1876. 

The  following  extract  from  a  journal  kept  by  Mr.  Reeder,  and  in  possession 
of  his  son  Jacob  Reeder,  Jr.,  will  be  read  with  interest  by  his  surviving  rela- 
tives and  numerous  friends  in  this  section  : 

"My  father  removed  to  Ohio,  in  the  Fall  of  1791,  which  was  the  Fall  of 
St.  Clair's  defeat  by  the  Indians,  on  the  3d  of  November,  1791.  My  brother, 
Nathaniel,  volunteered  with  about  170  militia,  partly  from  Kentucky,  under 
Maj.  Gano,  and  as  many  of  the  regulars  as  could  be  spared,  the  whole  under 
the  command  of  Col.  Wilkinson,  went  out  to  the  battle  ground  and  buried  the 
dead,  amounting  to  593,  at  least  one-third  of  the  army.  They  found  them 
mostly  just  as  they  fell,  and  having  buried  them,  returned  to  Cincinnati  with- 
out being  molested  or  seeing  an  Indian.     From  that  time  until  1793,  the  Indi- 


274  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

ans  had  almost  full  liberty  to  do  all  the  mischief  to  the  inhabitants  they  chose. 
Many  of  them  were  killed,  others  wounded;  men,  women  and  children  taken 
prisoners,  their  horses  stolen,  their  cattle  killed.  The  men  were  almost  con- 
tinually under  arms.  When  they  went  out  to  work,  their  guns  were  their  com- 
panions. In  cultivating  their  crops  they  did  it  in  companies — one  standing 
sentinel  while  the  others  worked  ;  and  if  a  man  went  to  church  without  his  gun  he 
forfeited  one  dollar  in  fine." 

This  journal  was  commenced  with  the  intention  of  embracing  the  principal 
events  of  his  whole  life,  and  he  was  writing  it  from  memory,*  but  death  came  and 
he  was  forced  to  lay  by  his  pen  before  he  had  completed  the  task. 

The  old  Quaker  State  of  William  Penn  furnished  the  township  with  James 
Boys,  the  first  Postmaster,  and  that  pattern  of  old  fidelity.  Judge  Samuel  J. 
Crass,  who  came  to  Bloomington  in  1839,  and  was  appointed  Deputy  Clerk 
under  Lew  Cole,  a  position  he  held  until  the  organization  of  Woodford  County, 
in  1841,  when  he  was  appointed  Circuit  Clerk,  by  Hon.  Samuel  H.  Treat,  the 
presiding  Judge  of  the  District,  and  swore  in  the  first  set  of  officers  of  the  new 
county.  He  held  the  office  for  twelve  years,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Consti- 
tutional Convention  in  1847  ;  has  held  successively  the  office  of  Probate  Judge, 
Justice  of  the  Peace,  Commissioner  in  Bankruptcy,  Master  in  Chancery,  and 
thus  *i  leading  man  of  the  town  until  the  infirmities  of  age  came  upon  him  and 
forced  him  to  retire  from  active  business  life. 

James  Boys  settled  in  this  township  in  1833,  where  he  lived  an  honored  and 
respected  citizen  until  his  death,  July  24,  1856.  He  kept  the  post  office  of 
Black  Partridge,  at  his  own  house,  which  was  the  first  in  the  town  and  county. 

THE    YANKEES. 

The  first  installment  of  Yankees  came  to  Metamora  Towniship  in  1835,  if  we  ex- 
cept the  Sowardses,  who  claimed  New  England  origin.  A  kind  of  colony,  consist- 
ing of  John  Page,  Sr.,  his  brother,  Ebenezer  Page,  Nathaniel  Wilson,  John  Mason, 
Stephen  Dudley  and  their  families,  came  from  the  granite  hills  of  New  Hamp- 
shire, and  settled  in  the  vicinity  of  Hanover,  as  this  place  was  then  called.  The 
colony  was  made  up  by  John  Page,  who  had  visited  the  Western  country  the 
previous  Summer,  and  his  report  of  the  Great  West,  their  confidence  in  his 
judgment  and  the  influence  he  exerted,  induced  them  to  immigrate  with  him  to 
this  country.  After  a  tedious  journey  of  five  weeks;  in  wagons  by  land  for  a 
considerable  distance,  then  by  canal  and  steamboat,  they  arrived  in  the  settle- 
ment in  July,  1835.  At  the  time  of  their  arrival,  most  of  the  settlers  in  this 
neighborhood  were  from  Indiana  and  the  States  south  of  the  Ohio  River,  and 
knew  as  little  of  the  pure,  unadulterated  Yankee  as  they  did  of  the  Feejee 
Islanders.  They,  therefore,  cherished  the  strongest  prejudices,  and  looked  upon 
them  as  a  set  of  penurious,  miserly  people,  whose  grand  aim  was  to  get  money, 
and  to  cling  to  it  with  deathlike  tenacity  after  they  had  got  it.     But  a  back- 

*  He  was  said  to  possess  a  most  remarkable  memory. 


0 


^  f^/^a^i^ 


METAMORA 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  277 

woods  wilderness  is  not  the  place  to  indulge  in  hostile  feelings  and  prejudices, 
and  upon  acquaintance  being  thoroughly  established  between  them,  the  South- 
ern people,  finding  the  New  Englanders  to  be  men  like  themselves,  capable  of 
as  broad  and  charitable  sentiments,  with  all  their  characteristic  warmhearted- 
ness gave  them  the  right  hand  of  fellowship,  and  a  bond  of  reciprocal  affection 
was  formed  which  still  remains  unbroken  among  their  descendants. 

This  commingling  of  the  two  extremes  of  the  country,  however,  sometimes 
gave  rise  to  ludicrous  scenes  in  the  settlement.  As  we  have  said,  the  South- 
erners looked  upon  the  Yankees  as  close,  dishonest,  selfish  money  getters,  void 
of  all  the  warmer  feelings  of  human  nature,  while  the  latter  viewed  the  South- 
ern people,  or  Hoosiers,  as  they  were  called  by  those  from  the  North  and  East, 
as  long,  lank,  lazy,  ignorant  animals,  and  hence  each  were  at  first  disposed  to 
criticize  the  other  Avhen  opportunity  offered. 

On  one  occasion,  soon  after  their  arrival,  the  Pages,  or  some  of  the  families 
that  came  with  them,  were  trying  to  wash  their  clothes,  and,  not  being  accus- 
tomed to  the  hard  water  of  the  West,  or  acquainted  with  the  process  of  soften- 
ing it,  were  making  slow  headway.  After  laborious  efforts,  and  without  success 
in  their  work  of  laundrying,  they  finally  sought  advice  of  the  "Hoosiers." 
"Yes,"  said  one  of  the  latter,  "I  seed  yer  didn't  know  nothing.  Ef  yer'd 
axed  me,  I'd  tolled  ver  all  about  it." 

From  little  scenes  like  this,  friendship  soon  sprang  up  between  the  two  ele- 
ments. As  an  example  of  the  causes  of  prejudice  against  Eastern  people,  a 
Yankee  clock  peddler  came  through  the  settlement,  and  one  of  his  tricks  was 
the  selling  to  an  old  German  settler  a  clock,  which  had  probably  cost  him  ^5.00 
at  wholesale,  for  a  horse  valued  at  $35  and  $30  in  cash.  Such  little  episodes 
as  this  caused  the  people  to  look  on  all  Yankees  with  suspicion. 

Of  this  colony,  Stephen  Dudley  was  a  man  of  wealth,  but,  his  family  being 
very  much  dissatisfied  with  the  wild  West,  he  returned  in  the  Fall  to  New 
England.  He  made  several  trips  afterward  to  the  new  settlement  of  his  friends, 
and  bought  considerable  lands  here,  John  Page,  Sr.,  acting  as  his  agent. 
John  Mason  removed  to  Bureau  County,  where  he  died  a  few  years  ago.  Na- 
thaniel Wilson  died  near  Metamora,  but  his  widow  is  still  living,  a  vigorous  old 
lady  of  83  years.  Ebenezer  Page  lived  a  respected  citizen  of  the  town  for 
years,  and  then  passed  away  to  his  reward. 

The  Pages — that  proud  old  family  of  genuine  New  Englanders — trace  their 
genealogy  back  to  John  Page,  who  was  born  in  Dedham,  England,  in  1586,  and 
came  to  America  in  1630,  with  Gov.  Winthrop.  The  branches  of  their  gene- 
alogical tree  are  as  follows  : 

The  family  of  John  Page,  above  mentioned,  were  John,  Roger,  Ebenezer, 
Robert  and  Samuel.  The  latter  was  born  in  1633,  and  lived  in  Salisbury, 
Mass.,  and  his  family  were  Joseph  and  others.  Joseph  Page  was  born  in  1667, 
and  his  children  were  John,  Joseph,  Mary  and  Judith.  Of  this  family,  John 
Page,*  born  June  17,  1696,  married  Mary  Winslow,  May  16,  1720,  and  their 

*  One  of  the  proprietors  of  Gilmanton,  N.  H.  D 


278  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

children  consisted  of  Ebenezer,  Samuel,  Betsey,  Moses  and  others.  MoseS' 
Page,  born  September  -3,  1726,  lived  in  Gilmanton,  N.  H.,  and  married  Ju- 
dith French.  Andrew  Page,  their  son,  was  born  July  30,  1751,  and  married 
Elizabeth,  a  daughter  of  John  Page,  of  the  town  of  Hawke,  November  29^ 
1774.  Their  children  were  Anna,  Andrew,  Betsey,  Hannah,  Mary,  Sarah, 
John,  Moses,  Benjamin,  Samuel  and  Ebenezer.  John  Page,  the  getter-up  of 
the  colony  already  alluded  to,  was  born  October  28,  1787,  in  Gilmanton,  N, 
H.,  and  married  Betsey  Wilson,  a  daughter  of  Nathaniel  Wilson,  April  15, 
1811.  Their  family  consisted  of  Elizabeth  True,  John  W^ilson,  Elvira,  Andrew- 
Nathaniel,  Adino,  Samuel  True,  Moses  Penn,  Thaddeus,  Mary  Malvina  and 
Benjamin  Edwin.  The  latter,  the  youngest  of  the  family,  and  a  man  of  much 
strength  of  character  and  of  fine  intelligence,  after  passing  through  the  late 
war  and  participating  in  some  of  its  severest  battles,  Avas  killed  in  a  slight  skir- 
mish at  Old  Spanish  Fort,  March  28,  1865.  John  Page,  Sr.,  or  "Uncle 
Johnny"  Page,  as  he  was  familiarly  called,  was  of  the  Society  of  Friends  or 
Quakers,  and  was  one  of  nature's  noblemen.  He  died  in  Metamora,  October  1_ 
1855.  His  wife  died  December  16.  1872.  Their  children  were  all  born  in 
Gilmanton,  N.  H.,  and  are  all  still  living,  except  Elizabeth  True,  who  died 
April  15,  1868  ;  Mary  Malvina,  who  died  March  8,  1833,  before  the  family 
left  Gilmanton  ;  and  Benjamin  Edwin,  as  above  noticed. 

John  Page  was  often  forced  into  public  offices,  though  his  highest  ambition 
seemed  to  be  in  deserving  of  the  title  of  '•  honest  farmer."'  He  was  sent  twice  to- 
the  Legislature  from  his  old  district,  in  New  Hampshire,  and  once  from  thi& 
Legislative  district.  It  is  related  of  him,  that  in  his  canvas  here  he  was  opposed 
by  one  Lynch,  who  had  before  served  in  the  Legislature,  and,  from  his  always 
wearing  a  smile,  had  received  the  soubriquet  of  the  '•smiling  member."  Lynch, 
who  was  a  fine  speaker,  had  thought  to  lay  the  old  Quaker  in  the  shade  by  his 
fine  speeches,  which  were  more  in  the  style  of  a  Congressional  candidate,  or 
State  Elector,  than  adapted  to  the  humble  office  of  State  Representative.  On 
one  occasion,  after  indulging  in  his  usual  philippic,  "  Uncle  Johnny  "  Page  rose 
and  commenced  his  reply.  Looking  at  Lynch,  he  said,  '"  I  am  a  candidate  for 
the  Legislature ;  perhaps  thee  is  running  for  Congress,  from  the  way  thee 
branches  out." 

Of  this  large  fiimily,  none  are  now  living  in  Metamora  Township,  except 
John  W^.  and  Adino  Page,  merchants  and  bankers  of  Metamora  village,  and 
their  brother,  Samuel  True  Page,  and  two  or  three  of  the  children  of  other 
brothers,  among  whom  we  may  mention  Hon.  S.  S.  Page,  County  Attorney, 
and  a  young  lawyer  of  much  promise.  Samuel  True  Page,  a  survivor  of 
two  wars,  lives  in  the  village  of  Metamora,  in  a  quiet,  unostentatious  way.  He 
was  in  the  Mexican  war,  and  took  part  in  several  of  the  hardest  battles ;  was 
one  of  the  soldiers  who  carried  Gen.  Shields  off  the  field,  when  wounded  at 
the  battle  of  Cerro  Gordo.  He  served  in  the  late  Avar,  participating  in  many 
of  the  severe  battles,  and  came  out  without  a  Avound.    John  W.  and  Adino  Page 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUxMTY.  279 

have  always  been  prominent  men  of  the  community,  but  have  never  aspired  to 
any  of  the  high  offices  nf  the  hmd. 

John  W.  Page  was  tlie  first  School  Trustee  of  this  township  ;  has  held  the 
office  of  School  Commissioner  of  the  County,  School  Director,  until  he  would 
have  the  office  no  longer  ;  was  the  first  Treasurer  of  the  village  corporation 
after  its  organization,  twice  held  the  office  of  Supervisor  of  the  Township,  and 
is  at  present  School  Treasurer  and  Treasurer  of  the  Metamora  Library.  He 
was  a  soldier  in  the  Mexican  war,  but  was  discharged,  on  account  of  ill  health, 
before  his  term  of  service  had  expired.  He  built  the  first  house  within  the 
present  corporate  limits  of  the  village  of  Metamora,  in  1835,  when  the  place 
was  still  called  Hanover,  and  before  the  village  was  laid  out.  This  was  the  first 
frame  house  in  Metamora  Township.  This  old  relic  is  still  standing,  though, 
with  some  changes  and  additions,  it  has  been  turned  into  a  stable. 

Adino  Page,  who  Avas  but  a  boy  when  his  father  immigrated  to  the  West, 
after  attaining  his  majority,  returned  to  New  England,  and,  in  1843,  went  into 
the  business  of  brick  making,  in  Summerville,  Mass.  In  1847,  having  married 
and  settled  in  his  native  town  of  Gilraanton,  N.  H.,  he  was  appointed  Super- 
intendent of  the  Alms  House,  and,  soon  after.  Superintendent  of  the  Poor  of 
Danvers.  Mass.,  an  office  he  held  for  about  seventeen  years.  He  was  one  of  the 
Marshals  of  the  Day  at  the  reception  of  George  Peabody  in  his  native  town  of 
Danvers.  In  ISAG,  he  returned  to  the  West  and  to  Metamora  Township,  where, 
for  eight  years,  he  had  charge  of  the  County  Farm  ;  and  the  excellence  of  his 
system  of  management  was  highly  approved  by  the  authorities.  For  about 
eighteen  years  he  has  bean  a  Justice  of  the  Peace;  and  for  years  past,  his 
brother,  John  W.  Page,  and  himself  have  been  engaged  as  merchants  and 
bankers. 

George  Ray  and  Dr.  J.  S.  Whitmire  were  from  the  old  Buckeye  State.  Mr. 
Ray  came  to  Illinois  in  1836,  and  after  a  spending  a  short  time  at  Island  Grove, 
between  Springfield  and  Jacksonville,  came  to  Woodford  County  and  settled 
upon  the  place  where  he  still  lives,  in  December  of  that  year.  Being  a  young 
man  and  single,  he  made  his  home  most  of  the  time  until  1840  a  mile  north  of 
town,  in  the  Banta  neighborhood.  He  bought  his  present  place  from  John 
Mason.  The  claim  had  a  small  log  cabin  on  it,  and  a  little  patch  of  plowed 
ground,  when  purchased  by  him.  Mr,  Ray  for  a  time  engaged  extensively  in 
the  cattle  trade,  buying  up  cattle  and  driving  them  north  to  supply  the  settlers 
in  Wisconsin  and  that  section  of  country,  often  driving  for  miles  along  the  old 
Indian  trails,  sometimes  through  the  dismal  forests,  and  sometimes  across  the 
trackless  and  unbroken  prairies,  exposed  to  the  war  of  the  elements,  the  danger 
of  wild  beasts,  and  not  unfrequently  to  his  own  kind,  but  little  less  savage  than 
the  wild  beasts  themselves.  He  mentioned  to  us  a  circumstance  which  happened 
to  him  once  away  up  on  the  Kishwaukee,  some  fifty  miles  north  of  Ottawa. 
Returning  after  having  disposed  of  a  drove  of  cattle,  lie  was  forced  to  stay  over 
night  at  the  cabin  of  an  old  man  of  a  rather  bad  reputation,  and  who  had  sev- 


280  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

eral  grown  up  sons  with  no  better  record  than  that  of  the  father.  They  had 
been  accused  of  many  crimes  of  robbery,  and  even  of  murder.  Parties  had 
been  traced  to  their  cabin  but  never  heard  of  more,  and  yet  there  was  no  posi- 
tive evidence  against  them.  Mr.  Ray  was  conducted  to  his  apartment,  after  get- 
ting some  supper,  which  was  up  in  the  "loft,"  and  reached  by  a  ladder.  He 
slept  but  little  during  the  night,  and  several  times  heard  them  start  up  the  lad- 
der, when  he  would  rise  from  his  bed,  and  they  would  stop,  warned  by  the  noise 
that  he  was  awake.  Finally  morning  dawned  and  released  him  from  his  tor- 
ture. He  arose  and  left  the  place  without  molestation.  A  few  months  later 
and  the  old  man  was  killed  for  some  of  his  alleged  crimes.  A  company  of  men 
went  to  his  cabin  ostensibly  to  arrest  him,  but  he  refused  to  be  taken.  He 
attempted  to  escape ;  the  first  platoon  was  ordered  to  fire  on  him,  and  he  fell 
pierced  by  nine  rifle  balls.  His  sons  escaped  and  were  never  more  heard  of  in 
that  section,  and  thus  the  den  was  broken  up.  Dr.  Whitmire  came  to  Illinois 
in  1846,  and  was  one  of  the  first  regular,  located  physicians  in  the  township. 
He  is  a  man  of  fine  intelligence,  a  physician  of  extensive  knowledge  and  prac- 
tice, and  has  writte*  some  able  articles  for  the  medical  journals  of  the  day.  He 
was  a  surgeon  in  the  army  during  the  late  war. 

Judge  W.  P.  Brown  is  from  New  York,  near  the  city  of  Utica.  In  1833, 
he  came  to  Pittsburgh  on  a  raft,  where  it  was  stove ;  he  then  took  a  boat  to  Cin- 
cinijati,  intending  to  go  into  the  law  school  just  opened  at  that  time,  but  find- 
ing it  of  little  consequence  as  an  institution,  he  bought  a  law  library  pretty 
cheap,  which  he  says  he  put  in  a  ^'meal-bag,"  took  boat  to  St.  Louis,  then 
came  up  the  Illinois  River  to  Pekin  and  from  there  went  over  to  Jacksonville. 
His  first  acquaintance  in  the  State  of  Illinois  was  Stephen  A.  Douglas,  whom 
he  met  at  Jacksonville.  He  was  boarding  at  the  "tavern"  where  Brown 
stopped,  and.  after  dinner,  invited  him  over  to  what  he  termed  his  office,  a  little 
shanty  10x12  feet,  without  ceiling,  and  roughly  weather-boarded.  In  the  center 
stood  a  square  table  and  upon  it  laid  a  copy  of  Illinois  State  Laws,  which  com- 
prised Douglas'  library.  A  friendship  was  begun  in  that  little  unpretending 
law  office,  which  continued  until  the  death  of  "Little  Duo;,"  as  the  Judsre 
affectionately  terms  him.  Brown  first  settled  in  Bloomington,  when  there  were 
but  two  stores  and  a  half  dozen  houses  in  that  city.  He  was  elected  Probate 
Judge,  when  the  disposal  of  that  oflSce  was  vested  in  the  Legislature,  and  was 
elected  through  the  influence  of  Douglas,  then  a  member  of  that  august  body. 
He  was  afterward  elected  by  the  people,  and  after  removing  to  Woodford  County 
was  again  elected  to  the  office,  and  Avas  also  the  fii'st  County  Judge  of  Woodford. 
The  Judge's  excellent  memory  is  well  stored  with  the  early  history  of  the  county, 
especially  that  pertaining  to  the  laAv,  and  numerous  anecdotes,  in  which  Lincoln, 
Douglas,  David  Davis,  Jones  of  Pekin,  Gridley  of  Bloomington,  and  his  old 
friend,  Simon  P.  Shope,  figured. 

In  1837,  a  Democratic  Convention  was  held  at  Vandalia,  then  the  State 
capital,  for   the  purpose  of  nominating  a  candidate  for  the  office  of  Governor. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  281 

Hon.  George  Henshaw  and  Judge  Brown  were  appointed  Delegates  from  Bloom- 
ington,  and  went  down  on  horseback.  On  the  way,  they  fell  in  with  Ex-Gov. 
Sample  and  a  Judge  Brown  from  the  northern  part  of  the  State,  perhaps  from 
Galena,  and  bound,  like  themselves,  to  Vandalia,  and  also  on  horseback.  Late 
in  the  day,  their  stomachs  began  to  warn  them  that  their  usual  dinner  hour  had 
long  since  passed.  A  council  of  war  was  held  and  Judge  Brown,  of  Galena,  was 
appointed  a  committee  of  one  to  make  inquiries  at  the  next  house  for  something 
to  eat.  Accordingly  the  dignified  old  Judge  rode  up  and  asked  for  biscuit 
and  coffee,  in  his  polite  and  pleasant  way,  but  was  informed  that  they  had  noth- 
ing of  the  kind.  He  then  asked  for  milk  and  corn  bread,  and  received  the 
reply  that  they  had  neither ;  when  he  asked  what  they  did  have  to  eat,  was  in- 
formed "nothing,"  the  Judge  lost  his  good  humor  and  impatiently  retorted — 
"  Well,  for  God  Almighty's  sake  put  us  in  the  stable  and  give  us  some  hay." 

The  holding  of  this  convention  was  just  after  the  inauguration  of  President 
Van  Buren,  and  all  were  anxious  to  see  his  first  message.  Vandalia  was  on  the 
mail  route  from  Vincennes  to  St.  Louis  and  a  regular  mail  was  carried  on  horseback 
between  those  places.  Judge  Brown  went  to  the  post  oflSce  on  the  arrival  of 
the  mail  from  the  East,  and  bought  a  newspaper  containing  the  message,  for 
which  he  paid  a  silver  dollar.  He  took  the  paper  back  to  Bloomington  with 
him  and  had  the  President's  Message  there  a  week  before  it  came  in  the  regular 
mail. 

Amos  A.  Brown,  another  member  of  the  Brown  family,  but  no  relation  to 

the  Judge,  came  from  Connecticut.     When  but  a  boy,  he  ran  away  from  home 

and  went  to  sea,  on  account  of  the  ill  treatment  of  his  stepmother.     He  followed 

the  sea  ft^r  many  years  and  when  he  left  it  wandered  West,  and  for  several 

years  followed  the'  rivers,  when  they  Avere  infested  with  men  little  better  than 

pirates.     He  settled  in  Woodford  County,  near  Metamora,  in  1835.     He  was 

made  a  Justice  of  the  Peace,  one  of  the  first  in  the  county,  and  was  noted  for 

his  honest  and  upright  decisions  of  justice.     Of  rough  exterior,  he  knew  how  to 

mingle  with  any  society  of  the  backwoods — was  at  home  on  the  race  course  or 

at  the  card  table,  but  withal  honest  and  honorable  in  his  dealings      In  the 

evening  of  his  life,  he  became  an  exemplary  member  of  the  Christian  Church. 

Like  Daniel  Boone,  he  could  not  stand  too  much  crowding,  and,  as  the  country 

settled  up,  became  discontented,  until  finally,  he 

"  Folded  his  tent  like  the  Arab, 
And  as  silently  stole   away." 

He  removed  to  Iowa,  where  he  died  a  few  years  ago.  Judge  Brown  relates 
an  instance  of  a  suit  he  once  had  before  him.  A  noted  lawyer  came  out  from 
Peoria  to  defend  the  case,  and,  although  he  had  much  the  best  side  of  it,  the 
Judge,  by  some  hocus  pocus  or  sleight  of  hand  performance  with  'Squire  Brown, 
tlie  latter  decided  the  case  in  favor  of  Brown's  client,  and  against  the  Peoria 
lawyer.  Very  much  surprised  at  the  decision,  the  Peoria  lawyer  said,  "  Your 
Honor,  I  appeal  this  case  from  your  decision."     "  Don't  allow  an  appeal. 


282  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 

whispered  Judge  Brown  to  the  Justice.  Drawing  himself  up  with  much  dig- 
nity, 'Squire  Brown  replied:  ''There  is  no  appeal,  sir.  I  allow  no  appeal 
from  this  Court,  sir." 

William  Rockwell,  one  of  the  stockholders  of  the  Hanover  Company,  came 
from  Massachusetts,  and  settled  in  Metamora  Township  in  1835.  He  took  the 
contract  for  building  the  Court  House,  but  afterward  sub-let  it  to  David  Irving, 
by  whom  it  was  built,  as  noted  in  another  chapter.  Mr.  Rockwell  also  took  the 
contract  for  building  the  Episcopal  Church,  the  first  church  erected  in  Meta- 
mora, but  died  before  it  was  finished.  His  residence  in  the  village  of  Meta- 
mora is  noted  for  the  material  having  been  mostlv  brought  from  Cincinnati,  and 
as  an  example  of  the  substantial  manner  in  which  buildings  were  put  up  in 
those  days,  the  timbers,  many  of  them,  are  sufficiently  strong  for  a  railroad 
bridge  across  the  Illinois  River. 

Levi  P.  Morse  came  with  his  father,  Parker  Morse,  from  Vermont,  in  1835. 
They  settled  near  Low  Point,  but  in  a  short  time  removed  within  the  present 
limits  of  Metamora  Township.  L.  P.  Morse,  though  but  a  boy  fifteen  years  of 
age,  drove  one  of  the  wagons  through  by  land,  a  distance  of  nearly  1,000  miles, 
and  did  not  sleep  in  a  house  during  the  journey.  The  Morses  were  the  first 
Abolitionists  known  in  Woodford  County,  and  still  take  pleasure  in  narrating 
the  assistance  they  lent  to  the  fugitive  slaves,  when  fleeing  across  the  State 
toward  the  land  of  freedom.  In  those  early  days  Abolitionism,  was  very 
unpopular,  even  in  Illinois,  and  time  and  again,  those  holding  to  its  principles 
were  indicted  by  the  Grand  Jury,  for  aiding  slaves  to  escape  from  their  owners. 
The  Morses  came  in  for  their  share  in  the  persecutions,  as  they  were  among  the 
most  daring  conductors  on  the  underground  railway.  Joseph  Morse,  an  elder 
brother  of  L.  P.  Morse,  had  been  indicted,  and,  it  was  said,  tried  very  hard  to 
get  himself  martyrized  by  being  put  in  jail.  He  was  arrested  and  refused  to 
give  bail,  although  several  old  citizens  offered  to  go  on  his  bond,  and  there  was 
no  other  resource  left  but  to  take  him  to  jail.  Woodford  County  had  no  jail 
then,  and  the  Sheriff  started  with  him  to  Tazewell  County.  Not  having  the 
requisite  papers,  the  jailer  of  Tazewell  refused  to  receive  him,  and  so  he  was 
left  like  '■  a  stranger  in  a  strange  land,"  without  home  or  friends,  and  not  even 
a  prison  that  would  receive  him  within  its  somber  walls.  They  were  very  con- 
scientious men,  had  been  born  and  bred  to  look  upon  slavery  as  a  sin,  and, 
doubtless,  deemed  it  their  duty  to  assist  all  slaves  to  escape  from  bondage  so  far 
as  they  were  able  to  do  so,  though  slavery  was  acknowledged  and  upheld  by  the 
laws  of  the  land. 

Thomas  Warren,  from  Tennessee;  David  Irving,  from  New  Jersey;  James 
Mitchell,  from  Indiana;  Hon.  Joel  A.  Ranney,  from  Vermont ;  Joseph  Morley, 
from  Maryland ;  Rev.  E.  B.  Kellogg,  from  New  York ;  .Judge  Painter  and 
Humphrey  Leighton  are  all  old  settlers  of  this  township.  Joseph  Morley  set- 
tled here  in  1834,  and  was  a  soldier  in  the  war  of  1812.  He  is  an  old  man 
now,  and  feeble  both  in  mind  and  bodv.     His  mother  died  about  two  years  ago, 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  288 

at  the  age  of  104  years,  retaining  her  energies  to  the  last.  Judge  Painter,  as 
he  is  usually  called,  is  an  old  settler,  and  the  hero  of  an  interesting  "cow 
case,"  as  Solon  Shingle  would  say,  which  is  often  humorously  told  at  his 
expense.  Painter  had  a  cow  that  was  disposed  to  be  a  little  "roguish,"'  and 
annoyed  his  neighbors  a  good  deal  by  breaking  into  and  destroying  their  gar- 
dens, until,  as  a  relief,  he  finally  decided  to  convert  the  unruly  beast  into  beef. 
Some  time  afterward,  he  met  Dr.  Leainon,  an  early  practitioner  of  the  town, 
and  a  little  high  tempered  sometimes.  "  That  cow  of  yours,"  said  the  Doctor 
to  Painter,   "was  in  my  garden  yesterday,  and  has  totally  ruined  it." 

"  I  guess  you  are  mistaken,  aren't  you.  Doctor,"  inquired  Painter  in  his 
•easy,  good  natured  way. 

"No,  I  am  not  mistaken,"  said  the  Doctor,  boiling  over  in  his  wrath, 
"  and  the  next  time  she  gets  in  my  garden,  I'll  shoot  her.  She  has  been  the 
plague  of  the  toAvn  long  enough." 

"All  right,"  said  Painter,  "but  you  are  sure  it's  my  cow.  Doctor?  " 

"Of  course  I  am  sure  of  it;  do  you  think  I  am  a  fool'?"  bawled  out  the 
Doctor. 

"Well,"  returned  Painter,  "I  butchered  that  cow  about  two  months  ago, 
and  sold  half  of  her  for  beef;    have  eaten    the  other  half  myself,   and   I'll 

be if  I  didn't   think  she  would  cease  annoying  my  neighbors,  but  it 

seems  I  was  mistaken." 

Hon.  Joel  A.  Ranney  is  one  of  the  "Green  Mountain  boys,"  and  came 
with  his  fether's  family  to  this  township  in  1837-8,  where  he  still  lives.  Mr. 
Ranney  was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature  in  1876.  Rev.  E.  B.  Kellogg 
was  the  first  Episcopal  preacher  in  the  town,  and  was  instrumental  in  building 
the  first  church. 

L.  F.  Feilitzsch  was  born  in  Hungary,  and,  at  the  age  of  18,  volunteered 
under  the  Emperor  Maximilian.  He  was  on  the  staif  of  the  unfortunate 
monarch  in  Mexico,  and  after  participating  in  many  of  the  battles  of  that 
stormy  period,  was  captured  by  Gen.  Diaz,  the  present  President  of  the 
Mexican  Republic,  but  escaped,  and  finally  made  his  way  to  Havana.  He  was 
wounded  eight  times  during  the  war,  and  at  its  close  took  the  remnant  of  the 
ill-fated  army  back  to  Vienna.  Broken  down  in  health,  he  went  to  Lake 
Geneva,  in  Switzerland,  where  he  spent  some  time.  In  1868,  he  came  to  the 
LTnited  States  ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1871,  and  at 
present  is  Master  in  Chancery  for  Woodford  County. 

THE    FIRST    POST    OFFICE. 

Black  Partridge  Post  Office,  mentioned  as  the  first  in  Woodford  County, 
was  the  first  in  Metamora  Township.  It  was  kept  by  James  Boys,  at  his  own 
house,  about  three  miles  north  of  the  present  village  of  Metamora.  It  did  not 
last  very  long,  and,  after  its  discontinuance.  Rev.  Wm.  Davenport  petitioned 
the  Government  for  an  office  to  be  called  Hanover.     But  there  being  another 


284  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

Hanover  in  the  State,  he  was  requested  to  find  some  other  name,  and  Partrido-e 
Point  was  adopted.  Davenport  was  the  first  Postmaster,  although  Parks 
kept  the  office  at  his  saw-mill,  and  attended  to  the  business  of  it.  But  being 
more  trou!)le  than  profit,  Parks  soon  gave  it  up,  and  R.  T.  Cassell,  at  the  vil- 
lage of  Hanover,  as  Metamora  was  then  called,  became  Postmaster.  The  mail 
was  carried  by  the  Chicago  and  Bloomington  stage  coach,  and  all  of  the  mail 
along  the  entire  route  in  one  four-bushel  bag  together.  The  stage  passed 
Hanover  in  the  latter  part  of  the  night,  and,  when  it  was  very  cold  and  very 
dark,  the  stage  would  hold  up  and  the  driver  throw  out  the  bag.  Mr.  Cassell 
says  there  were  but  three  newspapers  and  one  magazine  taken  at  the  oflSce,  and 
as  he  knew  on  what  days  to  look  for  them,  when  they  were  not  expected,  he 
would  drag  in  the  mail  bag  and  shut  the  door,  and  in  a  moment  or  two  pitch  it 
out  again  without  opening  it,  so  as  to  keep  the  driver  from  waiting  long  in  the 
cold.  If  anything  was  in  the  mail,  it  was  stopped  at  Belle  Plain,  the  next  post 
office,  twelve  miles  distant,  and  returned  next  trip,  under  the  supposition  that 
it  had  been  sent  on  through  mistake.  There  were  but  two  mails  a  week,  and  the 
papers  and  magazine  above  mentioned,  with  an  occasional  letter,  were  the  usual 
amount  of  mail  for  this  place.  The  postage  on  letters  then  was  twenty-five 
cents,  and,  in  a  newly-settled  country  like  this  was  at  that  period,  twenty-five- 
cent  pieces  were  about  as  scarce  as  letters. 

The  church  history  of  Metamora  Township  is  given  under  the  head  of 
Metamora  Village.  There  are  no  churches  outside  of  the  village  in  the  town- 
ship, but  several  near  the  line,  which  draw  considerable  support  from  this  town- 
ship. Mount  Zion  Church,  near  the  head  of  Walnut  Grove,  but  situated  just 
over  the  line  in  Cruger  Township,  and  the  Ormish  Church,  near  the  line 
between  Worth  and  Metamora.  are  both  liberally  patronized  from  this  town- 
ship, as  well  as  from  those  in  which  they  are  located. 

THE    FIRST    DEATH,    MARRIAGE,    ETC. 

The  first  death,  of  which  we  have  any  account  in  the  township,  occurred  in 
the  family  of  Daniel  Sowards.  Two  daughters  of  his  died  in  the  Winter  of 
1833-34,  in  the  old  block  house,  already  referred  to  in  these  pages.  His  wife 
also  died  soon  after.  The  first  marriage  is  supposed  to  have  been  Joseph  Verk- 
ler,  a  step-brother  of  Peter  Engle,  Jr.,  who  was  married  about  1832.  A  sister 
of  Verkler's  Avas  married  soon  after,  and  Mary  Brickler  was  also  married  a  short 
time  after  the  Verklers.  The  latter's  first  marriage  was  with  a  man  named 
Aubier,  who  went  to  New  Orleans  soon  after  their  marriage  and  was  drowned, 
and  a  few  years  later  his  widow  married  Marcelin  Farver.  This  last  marriage 
ceremony  was  performed  by  a  Presbyterian  minister,  but  as  neither  the  bride 
nor  the  bridegroom  could  speak  English,  the  Rev.  Christian  Engle  acted  as 
interpreter.  The  first  child  born  in  the  township,  Mrs.  Farver  thinks,  was 
George  Kingston,  and  was  born  in  1832.  This  is  the  first  of  which  we  have 
any  definite  information.     Dr.  Hazard  is  supposed  to  have  been  the  first  doctor- 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  285 

in  the  township,  but,  being  a  man  of  very  dissipated  habits,  did  not  amount  to 
much  as  a  physician,  and  was  thrown  from  his  horse  one  day  and  killed.  Dr. 
J.  S.  Whitmire  was  probably  the  first  resident  physician  in  the  township,  and 
has  been  a  regular  practitioner  here  since  184G,  with  the  exception  of  his  period 
of  service  as  Surgeon  in  the  United  States  army  during  the  late  war. 

When  Mr.  Ray  came  to  Metamora  Township,  the  settlers  were  doing  their 
milling  at  Crocker's  and  Hoshor's,  down  on  the  river,  in  the  present  township  of 
Spring  Bay.  Previously,  they  had  gone  sometimes  to  a  little  horse  mill  near 
Groveland,  in  Tazewell  County.  The  first  road  through  the  township  Avas  the 
State  road  from  Chicago  to  Bloomington  and  Springfield.  It  run  through 
Ray's  farm,  by  the  old  block  house  and  by  Peter  Engle's,  who  kept  a  tavern  and 
the  stage  stand.  This  was  the  first  tavern  in  the  township,  and  mentioned  in 
the  general  history  as  the  first  in  Woodford  County.  The  stage  changed  horses 
at  Engle's,  it  also  carried  the  mail,  and  was  probably  Uncle  Sam's  first  travels 
across  the  prairies  of  Woodford,  The  first  saw-mill  was  built  by  the  Park's 
Brothers  for  the  Hanover  Company  in  1837,  one  mile  north  of  the  village  of 
Metamora,  and  was  purchased  some  years  later  by  Wm.  H  Delph,  as  already 
stated. 

At  the  time  of  the  early  settlement  of  Metamora  Township,  there  were 
quite  a  number  of  Indians  in  this  section  of  the  country,  though  no  hostilities 
were  ever  committed  by  them  against  the  whites.  Even  during  the  excitement 
of  the  Black  Hawk  war,  the  Indians  in  this  county  remained  friendly  to  the 
settlers.  But  the  influx  of  immigration  finally  crowded  them  out  of  the  coun- 
try, and  like  the  Star  of  Empire,  they  wended  their  way  westward.  Where 
their  wigwams  stood  are  now  to  be  seen  the  elegant  abodes  of  the  white  man, 
and  their  hunting  grounds  are  flourishing  farms. 


THE    SCHOOLS. 

The  first  school  in  this  township  is  supposed  to  have  been  taught  by  Miss 
Betsey  Page,  about  1836,  in  a  little  house  that  stood  on  Brickler's  place.  There 
are  some,  however,  who  believe  there  was  a  school  taught  previous  to  this,  in  a 
little-  log  cabin,  on  the  fivrm  of  Peter  Engle,  Jr.,  but  of  the  history  of  these 
early  schools  but  little  can  now  be  learned.  The  first  school  taught  in  Meta- 
mora Township,  for  which  public  money  was  paid,  was  taught  by  Miss  L.  K. 
Morse,  a  daughter  of  Parker  Morse.  The  Trustees  of  the  district,  James 
Owens,  Thomas  Jones  and  Mr.  Morse,  made  applicatioa  for  a  portion  of  the 
public  money  for  this  school,  and  after  many  delays,  and  a  vast  amount  of  "  red 
tape,"  succeeded  in  getting  it.  This  was  in  1836-37.  From  John  W.  Page, 
School  Treasurer  of  Metamora  Township,  we  obtain  the  following  items  taken 
from  his  last  report  to  the  County  Superintendent  of  Schools : 

No.  males  under  21  years,  in  township 457 

"  females  under  21  years,  in  township 407 

Total 864 


2S6  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

No.  males  between  6  and  'Jl  years 809 

"  females  between  6  and  21  year.s 290 

Total 599 

No.  males  attending  schools 277 

'•  females         '•  "     272 

Total 549 

No.  School  Districts  in  township 10 

"  schools  taught              '■           10 

"  of  graded  schools       "           1 

"  ungraded       •■             •            9 

'■  male  teachers  employed 7 

"  female     "              '            • 14 

Total 21 

No.  brick  school  houses 2 

"  frame      '•  "     8 

Estimated  value  of  school   property  of  township $    16,170 

'  •  •'      apparatus 220 

Township  fund  for  support  of  schools 8,127 

Highest  monthly  wages  paid  male  teachers 122.22 

"  "  "  female       "      52.80 

Lowest  "  ••  male  "      35.00 

female      •'      25.00 

Whole  amount  paid  male  teachers 2,065  94 

"     female       •'     2,115.78 

Total $4,181.72 

Like  many  of  the  townships  in  Woodford  County,  the  early  records  are  not 
oome-at-able.  The  Treasurer,  Mr.  Page,  has  a  cash  book  extending  back  to 
1843,  but  it  contains  nothing  that  would  be  of  special  interest  here. 

In  this  township,  the  deep  snow  is  a  thing  of  the  past,  and  there  are  none 
living  to-day,  who  remember  it  through  personal  experience.  The  cold  Winter 
of  1836-37,  however,  is  vividly  remembered  by  many.  C.  D.  Banta  related  to 
us  his  remembrance  of  the  '•'■  cold  day,"  as  it  is  still  called.  He  and  his  bi-other 
had  been  to  Washington,  and  after  starting  home,  soon  discovered  how  cold  it 
was  growing.  Banta  had  on  an  overcoat  with  several  capes,  a  fashion  much 
worn  in  those  days.  It  had  been  raining  and  his  clothes  were  a  little  wet,  when 
the  wind  blew  one  of  the  capes  of  his  coat  over  his  head ;  it  froze  in  that  posi- 
tion, and  so  remained  until  he  got  home  and  "thawed  out."  He  states  that  in 
a  moment  of  time,  as  it  were,  the  water  seemed  to  congeal  and  cease  running  in 
the  wagon  ruts.  No  one  froze  to  death  in  this  immediate  neighborhood,  but  the 
suffering  for  a  while  was  pretty  intense.  He  remembers  on  another  occasion  of 
seeing  the  juice  which  had  boiled  out  of  the  hickory  logs  burning  in  the  large 
fire  places,  freeze  and  hang  in  icicles,  notwithstanding  the  close  proximity  of  the 
fire,  and  his  testimony  is  corroborated  by  others  who  witnessed  similar  events. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  287 


THE    RAILROAD. 


Metainora  Township  enjoyed  railroad  agitation  at  least  twenty-five  years 
ago.  In  ISAG,  a  route  was  surveyed  for  a  road,  known  as  the  Tonica  &  Peters- 
burg Railroad.  The  next  year  it  was  graded  through  the  township,  when  the 
work  on  it  ceased.  This  constituted  the  township  railroad  facilities  until  1870, 
when  it  was  completed  to  the  village  of  Metamora,  under  the  title  of  the  St. 
Louis,  Jacksonville  &  Chicago  Railroad.  When  completed  thus  far,  it  became 
the  property  of  the  Chicago,  Alton  &  St.  Louis  Railroad  Company,  who  put  on 
the  rolling  stock,  equipped  it  in  good  style,  and  changed  its  name  to  the  West- 
ern Division  of  the  Chicago,  Alton  &  St.  Louis  Railroad.  With  a  subscription 
of  stock  from  Metamora  Township  of  $50,000,  the  road  was  completed  through 
to  Washington,  where  it  taps  the  Toledo,  Peoria  &  Warsaw  Railroad  and  makes 
connection  for  the  East  and  West.  The  following  extract  from  the  Woodford 
/Sentinel  of  that  day  pretty  clearly  evinces  the  interest  the  people  felt  in  their 
railroad  : 

Thursday,  October  liTth,  A.  D.  1870,  will  be  long  remembered  by  our  citizens,  for  on  thi.s 
day  was  it  that  the  first  train  of  cars  entered  our  town.  During  the  day,  groups  of  people 
might  be  seen  here  and  there  along  the  grade,  their  eyes  turned  toward  the  north,  watching  the 
approach  of  the  locomotive  as  she  moved  along  in  the  wake  of  the  track  layers.  Four  o'clock 
was  given  as  the  time  when  the  cars  would  reach  the  depot  grounds  at  the  foot  of  Mt.  Vernon 
street,  but  long  before  this  hour,  an  immense  concourse  of  citizens  had  assembled,  and  by  hilf 
past  8  both  sides  of  the  railroad  grade  from  Chatham  to  Partridge  streets  were  completely 
packed  with  human  beings.  On  came  the  track  layers,  the  spike  drivers  in  close  proximity,  and 
the  engine  with  its  train  taking  up  the  rear.  As  the  track  layers  were  spanning  Chatham  street 
with  the  iron,  the  old  sis-pounder  belched  forth  its  fire  and  smoke,  and  the  quick  report  that 
followed  announced  to  the  outside  world  that  Metamora  wis  a  railroad  town,  ready  to  take  her 
place  among  the  great  business  marts  of  the  country  I  Then  followed  an  appropriate  air  from 
the  brass  band,  and,  amid  cannonading  and  music  ind  cheering,  the  track  layers  worked  on  until 
darkness  set  in,  they  seeming  to  partake  of  the  general  excitement. 

A  lunch  had  been  prepared  for  the  workmen,  consisting  of  crackers,  cheese,  bread  and 
cake,  to  which  ample  justice  was  done.  At  the  conclusion  of  the  feast,  cheer  after  cheer  went 
up  for  Metamora  and  her  citizens,  followed  by  cheers  and  "tiger-"  for  the  St.  Louis,  .Jackson- 
ville &  Chicago  Railroad. 

The  day  following,  the  ladies  of  Metamora  gave  the  workingmen  a  grand  public  dinner  in 
the  open  air,  and  never  did  men  enjoy  a  meal  better  than  they.  At  the  conclusion  of  the  dinner, 
we  almost  wished  that  we  had  been  a  woman  instead  of  an  editor,  so  long  and  loud  were  the 
cheers  that  went  up  from  the  throats  of  these  hard-working  men,  and  so  earnest  were  the  "  God 
bless  yous"'  and  pra,yers  for  the  happiness  and  prosperity  of  the  lailies  of  Metamora. 

WAR    RECORDS. 

Metamora  Township  has  one  old  soldier  of  the  war  of  1812,  Joseph  Morley, 
now  over  80  years  of  age,  and  three  survivors  of  the  soldiers  of  the  Mexican 
war.  viz.:  John  W.  and  Samuel  T.  Page,  and  James  Rickets,  connected  with 
the  County  Farm.  In  the  late  war,  Metamora  did  more  than  her  share,  but  for 
a  failure  to  get  credit  for  all  she  furnished,  was  finally  subjected  to  a  draft.  The 
following  officers  were  from  this  township :  Major  R.  L.  Si<lwell,  One  Hundred 
and   Eighth   Illinois  Volunteers ;    Capts.    0.  A.  Burgess,   Co.   G,  Seventeenth 

« 


288  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

Illinois  Volunteers,  and  Wm.  Magaritj,  Co.  — ,  Eighty-sixth  Illinois  Volun- 
teers ;  Lieuts.  F.  F.  Briggs,  Co.  E  (the  color  company  of  the  regiment),  One 
Hundred  and  Eighth  Illinois  Volunteers,  and  Benj.  E.  Page,  Second  Sergeant 
of  sanie  regiment  and  company.  Drs.  J.  S.  Whitmire  and  A.  H.  Kinnear  were 
in  the  medical  department,  the  latter  as  Surgeon  of  the  One  Hundred  and 
Eighth  Illinois  Volunteers,  and  the  former  as  Assistant  Surgeon  of  the  Sixth 
Cavalry,  but  afteward  promoted  to  Surgeon  of  the  Fifty-sixth  "N^olunteer  Infan- 
try. Dr.  Z.  H.  "Whitmire  was  Surgeon  of  the  Board  of  Enrollment  of  Eighth 
District  of  Illinois,  from  1863  to  1865.  There  were  so  many  private  soldiers 
went  from  the  township  that  it  is  rather  difficult  to  get  the  names  of  all,  their 
companies  and  regiments,  but  so  far  as  can  be  obtained,  their  names  will  be 
given  in  the  general  war  record  in  another  department  of  this  work.  A  recep- 
tion was  given  in  the  Summer  of  1864,  by  Metamora,  to  some  of  the  returned 
soldiers,  and  was  an  interesting  affiiir.  Adino  Page,  Esq.,  delivered  the  wel- 
coming address,  and  the  toasts  of  the  day  were  responded  to  by  Rev.  I.  A. 
Cornelison,  Judge  Chitty,  Capt.  Rowell  and  Elijah  Plank,  Esq. 

Politically,  the  township  has  always  been  Democratic,  though  the  Republi- 
cans poll  a  strong  vote.  An  organization  called  the  Good  Fellows  was  formed 
during  the  war,  which,  while  it  was  apparently  simple  and  absurd  in  its  organ- 
ization, was  productive  of  much  good.  Edward  Kipp,  an  old  resident  of  the 
town,  was  the  Grand  High  Mogul  of  the  institution  ;  the  membership  embraced 
the  very  best  citizens,  and  one  of  the  leading  principles  inculcated  was,  that 
everybody  should  say  what  they  pleased  upon  all  war  and  political  questions, 
and  no  one  of  opposite  opinion  should  take  offense.  The  faith  was  pretty 
strictly  kept,  and  thus  much  hard  and  bitter  feelings  avoided,  and  the  opposing 
political  parties  got  along  in  comparative  peace. 

The  township  received  its  name  from  the  village  of  Metamora,  which  bore 
the  name  long  before  township  organization. 

METAMORA    VILLAGE. 

Metamora,  the  county  seat  of  Woodford  County,  is  situated  on  the  western 
division  of  the  Chicago,  Alton  &  St.  Louis  Railroad,  about  one  hundred  and 
thirty-six  miles  southwest  of  Chicago.  It  was  originally  called  Hanover,  and 
was  surveyed  and  laid  out  by  the  County  Surveyor  of  Tazewell  County  for  the 
Hanover  Company  in  1836,  who  owned  the  greater  portion  of  the  land.  The 
Hanover  Company  was  composed  of  the  following  gentlemen,  viz.:  Dr.  Warner, 
of  Bloomington,  Rev.  Wm.  Davenport  (agent),  Dennis*  and  William  Rockwell, 
William  Major,  Jacob  Cassell,  John  T.  Jones,  D.  P.  Henderson,  J.   L.  James, 

Joseph     Taggert,    Israel,    and    owned    12,000    acres    of    land    in    the 

immediate  neighborhood.  The  village  retained  the  name  of  Hanover  until 
a  year  or  two  after  the  removal  of  the  county  seat  to  this  place  in 
1843.      It    having    been    ascertained,    when    getting    the    post    oflBce,     that 

*  Dennis  Rockwell  livod  in  Jacksonville. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNT!.  289 

there  was  another  Hanover  in  the  State,  the  ([uestion  finally  came  up  for  a 
change  of  name.  After  much  discussion,  and  the  proposal  of  several  names, 
Peter  H.  Willard,  then  a  prominent  merchant  of  the  place,  proposed  the  name 
of  Metamora,  accompanied  with  the  information  that  the  name  had  been  sug- 
gested by  his  wife,  and  as  a  compliment  to  her  it  Avas  unanimously  adopted. 
The  first  post  office  established  in  the  village  was  called  Partridge  Point,  on 
account  of  there  being  another  office  in  the  State  called  Hanover.  After  the 
name  of  the  village  was  changed  to  Metamora,  that  of  the  post  office  was  also 
changed  to  harmonize  with  that  of  the  village.  As  already  stated,  John  W. 
Page  built  the  first  house  within  the  village  corporation  in  1836,  the  year  the 
village  was  laid  out.  The  first  house  erected  purposely  for  a  tavern  was  built 
by  Samuel  S.  Parks  in  1843,*  who  had  it  opened  in  time  to  accommodate  visit- 
ors to  the  first  session  of  Circuit  Court  held  after  the  removal  to  this  place  of 
the  county  seat  from  Versailles.  This  tavern  is  still  standing,  and,  with  some 
changes  and  additions,  is  known  as  the  Metamora  House.  Alfred  Baker  opened 
a  blacksmith  shop  in  1837,  which  was  the  first  in  the  township. 

•'  Week  in,  week  out,  from  morn  till  night, 
You  could  hear  his  bellows  roar  ; 
You  could  hear  him  swing  his  heavy  sledge, 
With  measured  beat  and  slow." 

THE    FIRST    STORE. 

As  stated  in  another  chapter,  the  first  store  in  the  village  was  opened  by 
Wilson  Tucker,  who  was  soon  followed  by  Israel  &  Weeks.  Both  of  tliese 
establishments  were  of  short  duration.  The  first  permanent  store  was  that  of 
Parks',  who  brought  a  stock  of  goods  from  Philadelphia  and  opened  where  Dr. 
Z.  H.  Whitmire's  office  now  stands.  In  1843,  Peter  H.  Willard  opened  a 
store  in  the  village  of  Metamora.  He  Avas  a  partner  of  Munn  &  Scott,  of  Spring 
Bay,  and  for  years  the  two  houses  were  operated  by  these  parties,  Willard  attend- 
ing to  the  house  in  Metamora,  while  Munn  &  Scott  managed  that  at  Spring 
Bay,  and  superintended  the  shipping  of  grain,  a  branch  of  business  they  carried 
on  very  extensively.  After  amassing  a  considerable  fortune,  Mr.  Willard 
sold  out  and  removed  to  St.  Louis,  but  in  a  short  time  went  to  Chicago,  where 
he  noAv  lives  and  is  a  prosperous  merchant  on  Wabash  avenue.  To  his  wife, 
a  woman  of  fine  literary  tastes,  belongs  the  honor  of  bestoAving  on  the  village 
the  beautiful  Indian  name  of  Metamora. 

In  1851,  a  foundry  Avas  built  in  the  village  by  L.  C.  Blakesley  &  Co.,  and 
flourished  for  some  three  or  four  years.  They  made  mill  work  a  specialty,  but 
through  bad  management,  a  lack  of  means  to  carry  on  such  an  establishment, 
they  became  involved  and  finally  failed,  pulled  up  and  remoA^ed  their  traps  to 
another  fiehl. 

The  Woodford  Seyitinel  Avas  established  in  1854,  by  a  man  named  Shep- 
herd.    After  passing  through   the  hands  of  several   parties,   PoAver  &    Harl 

*  Parker  Morse,  Sr.,  had  kept  a  tavern  in  the  village  several  years  previous  to  this. 


290  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

became  the  proprietors  in  1866,  and  in  June,  1877,  Mr.  Harl  bought  out  his 
partner,  and  now  owns  the  entire  paper.  He  has  bpen  connected  with  the  Sen- 
tinel for  the  past  eighteen  years.  Tlie  paper  is  Democratic  in  politics,  and  is 
the  only  one  of  a  like  political  faith  in  the  county.  Its  local  department  is  pre- 
sided over  bv  that  brijrht  and  facetious  writer,  Cass  Irving. 

VILLAGE    ORGANIZATION. 

The  village  of  Metamora  was  incorporated  as  a  town,  under  the  statute  of 
Illinois,  on  the  8th  of  January,  1859.  A  meeting  of  the  legal  voters  was  held 
at  the  Court  House,  in  Metamora,  and  sixty-one  votes  in  fav.or  of  incorporating 
and  three  against  it  were  polled.  On  the  15th,  a  Board  of  Town  Trustees  was 
elected  as  follows  :  Samuel  J.  Cross,  James  S.  Whitmire,  William  Lamson,  F.  F. 
Briggs  and  H.  L.  S.  Haskell.  The  Board  organized  on  the  22d  of  February, 
by  electing  Samuel  J.  Cross,  President,  and  Edgar  Babcock,  Clerk,  who  were 
duly  sworn  and  qualified  before  Elijah  Plank,  Justice  of  the  Peace.  On  the 
25th  of  April,  1875,  it  was  re-organized  as  a  village,  and  the  first  Board  was 
A.  H.  Kinnear,  N.  Portman,  Garman  Gish,  J.  B.  Knoblauch,  F.  F.  Hirsch  and 
A.  E.  Nesmith.  The  present  Board  is  composed  of  the  following  gentlemen, 
viz. :  A.  H.  Kinnear,  President ;  John  Leys,  W.  J.  Cassell,  Garman  Gish, 
Peter  Schertz,  A.  H.  Wilson  and  Chas.  D.  Delph,  Clerk. 

The  village  is  in  a  flourishing  condition,  and  has  a  population  of  about  1,000. 
It  is  ornamented  with  one  of  the  handsomest  parks,  or  public  squares,  Ave  have 
ever  seen  in  a  country  town.  Its  rows  of  beautiful  trees,  forest  and  ornamental, 
when  clothed  in  all  the  glory  of  Summer  luxuriance,  render  it  a  place  almost 
enchanting.  Somers'  Hall  and  Phoenix  Hall,  the  latter  in  Portman's  elegant 
brick  block,  are  large  and  commodious,  and  supply  all  the  wants  of  the  village 
for  public  gatherings,  meetings,  etc.  The  Court  House  is  of  the  old  style  of 
architecture,  and  does  not  present  a  very  ornamental  or  attractive  appearance. 

CHURCHES,  SCHOOLS.  ETC. 

The  first  church  edifice  erected  in  the  village  of  Metamora  was  the  Episco- 
pal Church,  in  1847.  Rev.  Ezra  B.  Kellogg  was  the  first  Pastor,  and  it  was 
through  his  energies  and  activity  in  collecting  and  raising  funds  that  the  church 
was  built.  William  Rockwell  took  the  contract  for  the  work,  but  died  before 
the  building  was  completed.  The  society  was  organized  as  soon  as  the  church 
was  finished,  and  consisted  of  about  twenty-five  members.  It  has  dwindled 
down  to  a  few  survivors ;  they  have  no  regular  preacher,  but  the  society  still 
exists.  The  church  is  a  frame  building,  and  cost  about  $2,000.  Rev.  Mr. 
Kellogg,  the  original  founder  of  the  church,  died  a  few  years  ago,  in  San  Fran- 
cisco. 

The  Congregational  Church  was  built  shortly  after  the  Episcopal,  and  is  of 
about  the  same  style,  cost  and  dimensions.  Rev.  Mr.  Miles  was  the  first  minis- 
ter, and  preached  in  the  Court  House  until  the  completion  of  the  church.     The 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  291 

society  now  numbers  forty  or  fifty  members,  and  is  under  the  pastoral  care  of 
Rev.  Mr.  Sloat. 

The  Christian  Church  was  built  about  1849-50,  and  dedicated  by  Rev.  0. 
A.  Burgess.  The  society  was  organized  in  1845,  and  Rev.  Henry  Palmer  was 
the  first  minister.  The  lot  was  donated  to  the  society  by  the  Hanover  Com- 
pany, and  deeded  to  it  tlirough  its  Trustee,  Wm.  H.  Delph,  who  still  holds  the 
trust.  It  is  a  substantial  frame  edifice,  40x60  feet,  and  cost  between  $2,000 
and  $3,000.  For  several  years  past,  it  has  been  under  the  pastoral  charge  of 
Rev.  R.  H.  Johnson,  who  recently  removed  to  Iowa,  since  which  time  the  soci- 
ety has  been  without  a  regular  Pastor.  It  numbers  at  present  about  eighty 
members. 

The  Baptist  Society  was  organized  December  26,  1850,  under  the  minis- 
terial care  of  Rev.  A.  B.  Cramb.  The  church  was  built  and  opened  for 
worship  in  1854,  and  dedicated  in  November  of  same  year.  Rev.  C.  D.  Mer- 
ritt  was  then  Pastor.  The  building  is  of  brick,  is  34x44  feet  in  size,  and  cost 
$2,000.  It  was  used  for  a  short  time  by  the  Reformed  Presb^^terians  ;  who, 
however,  seem  to  have  early  left  the  field  to  other  denominations.  The  Baptist 
Society  at  present  has  about  fifty  members,  and  its  Pastor  is  Rev.  James 
Reed, 

The  Methodist  Church  was  built  in  1855,  is  a  substantial  brick,  36x48  feet, 
and  cost  about  $2,300  without  furniture.  What  time  the  society  was  organized 
we  are  unable  to  learn,  but  find  from  the  records  that  it  was  "  set  off  from  the 
Washington  Circuit  in  September,  1855;  that  Rev.  John  Luccock  Avas  the  Pre- 
'  siding  Elder,  and  Rev.  S.  R.  Ilardman  (said  to  be  as  hard  as  his  name).  Pas- 
tor. It  was  dedicated  in  the  early  part  of  the  Winter  of  1855,  by  Rev.  Mr. 
Bowles,  of  Chicago,  and  Rev.  P.  T.  Rhodes,  who  succeeded  Hardman  as  Pastor, 
upon  the  resignation  of  the  latter  gentleman.  Rev.  Father  Hall,  the  veteran 
preacher,  still  living  in  Worth  Township,  was  several  years  Pastor  and  Presid- 
ing Elder. 

St.  Mary's  Roman  Catholic  Church  was  organized  in  the  viUage  of  Meta- 
mora  in  1863.  Father  Wm.  Deiters  was  the  first  regular  Priest- in-charge.  The 
church  was  built  in  1864,  and  until  the  time  of  Father  Dieters  was  supplied  by 
one  of  the  Redemptionist  Fathers,  from  Chicago,  who  came  out  once  a  month 
and  officiated.  The  order  of  Capuchin  Monks,  Avith  Father  Anthony  Schur- 
mann,  Superior,  took  charge  of  the  church  in  the  Summer  of  1877,  and  at  once 
commenced  its  enlargement,  and  the  building  of  a  monastery,  in  which  a  first- 
class  school  will  be  sustained.  When  the  church  is  completed,  it  will  be,  by  far, 
the  finest  in  the  county,  and  will  cost  not  less  than  $25,000.  A  chime  of  three 
bells,  in  addition  to  the  monastery  bell,  a  large  clock  in  the  steeple  are  some  of 
the  ornaments.  An  organ  has  just  been  placed  in  the  church,  which  cost 
$1,500,  and  is  one  of  the  best  in  the  State.  The  edifice  is  to  be  finished,  in 
every  department,  in  the  highest  style  of  art,  and  should  be  a  source  of  pride 
to  the  entire  county. 


292  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

The  first  school  house  was  built  in  the  village  of  Metainora,  some  time  pre- 
vious to  1850,  but  the  exact  date  we  have  been  unable  to  ascertain.  It  waa 
paid  for  by  private  subscription,  and  hence  there  is  no  record  of  it,  except  in 
the  minds  of  the  old  residents  of  the  place.  The  first  schools  were  taught  in 
the  houses  of  the  citizens  for  years  before  any  school  buildings  were  erected. 
The  school  house  above  alluded  to,  after  being  used  for  a  number  of  years,  was 
sold,  and  a  substantial  two-story  brick  erected  in  1850.  About  ten  years  later, 
an  addition  was  built  to  it.  In  1872-3,  it  was  destroyed  by  fire,  when  the 
present  large  and  elegant  brick  was  erected,  at  a  cost  of  $8,000.  It  is  one  of 
the  best  adapted  buildings  in  the  county  belonging  to  the  common  schools. 
The  village  supports  a  graded  school,  which  is  in  the  charge  of  Prof.  J.  E. 
Lamb,  Principal,  with  a  full  corps  of  teachers,  viz.:  Misses  Charlotte  C.  Blake, 
N.  B.  Sloan  and  Mary  H.  Bangs. 

Metamora  Lodge,  No.  82,  A.,  F.  &  A.  M.,  was  chartered  October  8,  1850. 
The  charter  members  were  John  L.  Miller,  William  H.  Delph,  Evan  Trunnei, 
J.  Sickler,  Amos  A.  Brown,  ISTathan  Brown,  J.  Sherman  and  Parker  Morse, 
Sr.,  with  John  L.  Miller  as  first  Master.  Their  original  charter  was  signed  by 
Wm.  C.  Hobbs,  Grand  Master,  and  W.  B.  Warren,  Grand  Secretary.  In  1872, 
the  hall  was  burned,  and  the  Lodge  lost  their  furniture,  jewels,  records  and 
even  their  charter.  Their  charter  was  re-issued  by  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Illinois, 
under  date  of  January  23,  1873,  and  is  signed  by  James  A.  Hawley,  Grand 
Master,  and  0.  H.  Miner,  Grand  Secretary.  John  L.  McGwire  is  at  present 
Master,  and  J.  B.  Stitt,  Secretary. 

Woodford  Chapter,  No.  110,  R.  A.  M.,  was  organized  in  1867,  with  Jas. 
D.  Perry,  the  first  High  Priest.  The  present  High  Priest  is  Adino  Page,  and 
John  L.  McGwire,  Secretary. 

Metamora  Council,  No.  38,  R.  &  S.  M.,  was  established  in  1868,  and 
Edward  Kipp  was  the  first  T.-.I.-.G.".M.  Of  late  years,  this  branch  of  Ancient 
Craft  Masonry  has,  in  the  State  of  Illinois,  been  merged  into  the  Royal  Arch 
Chapter,  and  nc  longer  exists  as  a  separate  and  distinct  body. 

STEAM    MILLS. 

The  large  steam  flouring-mill  is  owned  and  was  built  by  M.  Tool,  in  1868, 
and  is  a  two-story  frame  building,  with  two  run  of  burrs.  It  was  built  just  after 
the  war,  when  material  was  high,  and  cost  about  $10,000.  It  is  the  only  mill 
in  the  township,  and  is  constantly  employed  up  to  its  full  capacity. 

The  grain  elevator  now  owned  by  Peter  Schertz,  was  built  in  1870.  It  is  a 
strong  frame  building,  30x80  feet,  cost  $3,500,  and  holds  25,000  bushels  of 
grain.  Mr.  Schertz  handles  grain  extensively,  mostly  corn,  and  also  deals  largely 
in  lumber. 

BANKS. 

The  Metamora  Bank  was  established  in  1873,  by  James  F.  Earl.  In  1875, 
it  was  purchased  by  John  W.  and  Adino  Page,  who  still  own  the  institution  and 
do  a  general  banking  business. 


'^,^M 


METAMORA 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  295 

Isaac  Wikoff  is  likewise  engaged  in  banking  in  addition  to  his  business  as 
druggist. 

The  village  boasts  of  no  large  foundries,  manufactories,  wholesale  houses,  or 
machine  shops,  but  the  business  is  confined  entirely  to  the  retail  branches  of 
trade.  There  are  three  general  stores,  two  drug  stores,  two  liardware  stores, 
tAvo  harness  shops.  Agricultural  implements,  grain,  lumber,  etc.,  etc.,  are 
fully  represented. 

The  practicing  physicians  are  Drs.  J.  S.  k  Z.  11.  Whitmire,  and  A.  H. 
Kinnear. 

The  legal  fraternity  is  w^ell  and  ably  represented  in  the  following  gentlemen 
"learned  in  the  law:"  Judge  W.  P.  Brown,  S.  S.  Page,  L.  F.  Feilitzsch, 
Judge  C.  H.  Chitty,  Elijah  Plank,  W.  L.  Ellwood  and  Albert  Rich. 

OAKWOOD    CEMETERY. 

Of  this  beautiful  little  city  of  the  dead,  we  have  no  language  to  adequately 
describe  it.  Situated  on  the  high  table  land  above  Partridge  Creek,  and  points 
of  ground  extending  out  fan-like  in  a  large  bend  of  the  creek,  with  proper  orna- 
mentation may  be  rendered  beautiful  beyond  description.  F.  F.  Briggs,  the 
Superintendent,  is  beautifying  the  cemetery  grounds  as  fast  as  the  funds  allotted 
to  the  purpose  will  allow,  while  many  of  the  owners  of  lots  are  improving  and 
ornamenting  them  in  the  most  lovely  manner.  There  are  several  very  fine  and 
costly  monuments  in  the  place,  and  lots,  which  are  already  handsomely  improved. 

"  Here  doth  the  yew  her  sable  branches  spread, 
And  mournful  cypress  rear  her  fringed  head." 

We  have  not  space  to  particularize  this  lovely  spot,  but  may  add,  that  Avitli 
the  fine  location,  and  the  adaptability  of  the  ground  for  a  cemetery,  with  suffi- 
cient work  and  beautifying,  it  would  not  be  surpassed  in  loveliness  by  even  the 
more  pretentious  Graceland,  Cave  Hill  or  Greenwood. 

The  geological  collection  of  Adino  Page  is  one  of  the  largest  private  collec- 
tions we  have  seen,  and  is  mostly  composed  of  specimens  of  geology,  mineralogy 
and  conchology  found  in  this  immediate  vicinity.  Mr.  Page  also  has  a  number 
of  ancient  relics  which  are  memorable,  and  of  considerable  historical  interest. 
Among  them  we  will  mention  only  one  old  fife  used  in  the  Patriot  army  at  the 
battle  of  Bunker  Hill.  At  the  celebration  in  Metamora  on  the  Centennial  4th 
of  July,  the  old  fife  was  bought  out  by  Mr.  Page,  and  in  the  hands  of  William 
Lamson,  the  tunes  of  Yankee  Doodle,  Hail  Columbia  and  the  Star  Spangled 
Banner  rang  out  as  clear  from  the  old  centennial  instrument  as  when  it  squeaked 
its  shrill  notes  after  the  retreating  squadrons  of  King  George.  John  W.  Page 
has  also  quite  an  elegant  geological  collection,  but  is  more  of  a  general  character, 
and  contains  but  few  specimens  common  in  Woodford  County. 

THE    METAMORA    LIBRARY 

was  estOvblished  in  1857,  and  is  larger  than  is  usually  found  in  a  countiy  town. 
It  contains  about  1,200  volumes  of  the  standard  works  of  the  day,  and  is  con- 


296  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

ducted  on  such  a  liberal  scale  as  to  give  those  in  the  most  indigent  circumstances 
a  full  share  of  its  benefits.  A  share  of  four  dollars,  with  one  dollar  a  year  dues, 
constitutes  a  membership,  and  with  the  revenue  thus  obtained,  the  society  is  con- 
stantly adding  the  most  valuable  books  to  their  library. 


SPRING  BAY  TOWNSHIP. 

This  little  fragmentary  scope  of  country,  known  as  Township  27  north, 
Range  4  west,  of  the  Third  Principal  Meridian,  with  a  small  corner  of  Town- 
ship 28  and  with  an  area  of  scarcely  a  dozen  miles,  contains  a  history  equal  to 
any  portion  of  Woodford  County.  These  slopes  and  bluffs  and  ravines  and 
belts  of  timber,  where  erst  the  lordly  savage  built  his  wigwam  and  his  camp- 
fire,  and  roamed  at  will  as  the  undisputed  master,  are  rich  in  historical  interest, 
and  are  entwined  in  legendary  lore  that  will  live  in  story  after 

" the  damp  of  death  shall  blight 

The  cheek's  deep  glow  of  red  and  white.'" 

Long  ere  the  white  man  dreamed  of  the  beautiful  lands  stretching  away 
toward  the  "golden  sunset,"  the  wild  Indian  viewed  this  wilderness  as  his  own 
natural  birthright  and  the  hunting  grounds  of  his  kindred.  For  years  and 
decades — aye,  for  centuries,  indeed — his  war  whoop  was  the  only  music,  save 
the  song  of  the  wild  birds-  and  the  sighing  of  the  winds  that  broke  upon  the 
quietude  of  the  forest. 

As  the  polishing  hand  of  civilization  sweeps  OA^er  these  towering  hills,  effacing 
the  last  lingering  trace  of  the  savage,  it  brings  to  light  relics  of  an  entirely  dif- 
ferent race  of  people.  The  "Mound  Builders,"  of  whom  so  much  has  been 
conjectured  and  so  little  is  definitely  known,  have  left  unmistakable  traces  here 
of  a  superior  state  of  civilization  to  that  of  any  of  the  tribes  of  North  Ameri- 
can Indians  found  by  the  whites  in  possession  of  the  country.  In  this,  as  well 
as  in  Partridge  Township,  many  traces  of  tJie  Mound  Builders  have  been  dis- 
covered, and  those  who  have  devoted  much  time  and  study  to  the  investigation 
of  the  relics  they  have  left  behind  them  are  confirmed  in  the  opinion  that  they 
had  reached  quite  an  advanced  state  of  civilization  when  conqured  by  the 
Indians,  and  were  of  a  far  less  war-like  character.  More  is  said  of  this,  how- 
ever, in  another  chapter. 

EARLY    SETTLEMENTS. 


There  is  but  little  doubt  that  one  of  the  first  settlements  made  in  Woodford 
County  was  in  what  is  now  known  as  Spring  Bay  Township.  Among  the  first 
people  who  came  here  were  the  following :  William  Blanchard,  George  Kings- 
ton, John  Stephenson,  William  Hoslior;  Austin,  Horace  and  Rowland  Crocker; 
Charles  Fielder,  Jesse  Day,  Angus  McQueen,  Lewis  and  Richard  Williams,  a 
Mr,  Donohtle  and  his  two  sons,  Allen  and  Thomas :  Isaac  Phillips,  where  Belsley 
now  lives  ;   Jacob  Wilson,  Jefferson  Hoslior,  Joseph  Belsley,  Elzy  and  Sampson 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  297 

Bethard,  Phineas  and  J.  C.  Shottenkirk,  Darby,  Cyrus  A.  Genoways, 

Oeorge  Sommers,  William  Barker ;  David  Matliis,  Avho  kej)t  the  ferry  at  the 
*' Narrows,"  near  the  present  line  between  Woodford  and  Tazewell  Counties. 
The  history  of  many  of  these  early  pioneers  has  faded  from  the  memory  of  those 
who  still  survive  them,  save  the  fact  that  they  once  knew  them  and  that  they 
■once  lived  in  this  section. 

William  Blanchard,  born  in  the  town  of  Peru,  Vt.,  came  to  Illinois  in  1819. 
He  was  in  the  war  of  1812,  in  the  command  of  Gen.  Brown,  and  was  discharged 
from  the  United  States  Army  at  Detroit  early  in  the  year  1819,  and,  together 
with  three  others,*  crossed  over  the  country  to  Fort  Wayne,  Ind.,  where  they 
purchased  a  canoe  and  hired  it  hauled  nine  miles  to  the  extreme  head  waters 
of  the  Waba.sh  River.  In  this  frail  bark  they  floated  down  the  river  to.  Vin- 
cennes,  and  from  there  went  on  foot  over  the  old  trail  to  St.  Louis,  where  alone 
they  could  see  a  map  of  the  lands  given  them  by  the  Government,  for  services 
in  the  army,  and  which  were  embraced  in  the  military  tract  lying  between  the 
Illinois  and  the  Mississippi  Rivers.  Upon  looking  up  the  location  of  their  lands, 
they  found  that  they  could  not  go  on  to  them,  owing  to  the  hostility  of  the  Indi- 
ans in  that  section  at  the  time ;  and  arriving  at  Peoria  (Fort  Clarke),  soon  dis- 
covered that,  for  safety  and  protection,  it  was  highly  necessary  that  they  should 
remain  together.  There  was  but  one  white  family  within  sixty  miles  of  Peoria, 
and  to  stray  away  from  the  protection  of  the  fort  would  be  highly  imprudent,  to 
say  the  least ;  and  so,  for  the  time  their  lands  must  remain  to  them  useless  and 
valueless  property.  The  land  allotted  to  Blanchard  was  on  Crooked  Creek, 
down  toward  the  south  end  of  the  military  tract.  That  of  one  of  the  Sargents 
was  near  Farmington,  and  is  partly  embraced  in  that  town,  while  that  of  the 
other  Sargent  was  eighteen  miles  east  of  Burlington,  Iowa,  in  Illinois.  Barnes' 
was  located  near  Canton.  As  there  seemed  little  probability  then  that  they 
could  open  up  their  grants  at  an  early  day,  Blanchard  finally  succeeded  in  sell- 
ing his,  "  for  better  or  for  worse,"  without  ever  seeing  it. 

On  their  arrival  at  Peoria,  and  learning  the  unsettled  state  of  the  country, 
Blanchard  crossed  over  the  river,  and  raised  a  crop,  consisting  of  corn,  potatoes 
and  pumpkins,  which  he  cultivated  with  hoes  alone.  This  was  in  the  Summer 
of  1819,  and  opposite  the  present  city  of  Peoria.  In  1822,  he  built  a  cabin 
on  what  is  called  the  Gibson  place,  now  in  Tazewell  County,  near  the  Wood- 
ford County  line.  This,  he  informed  us,  was  the  first  cabin  put  up  between 
here  and  Chicago;  and,  during  the  year,  opened  the  first  farm,  with  Henry 
Race,  a  young  man  he  had  engaged  to  help  him.  On  this  place — the  oldest 
between  Peoria  and  Chicago — he  raised  several  crops,  and  which,  like  the  one 
just  noticed,  he  cultivated  mostly  with  hoes,  as  horses  had  not  yet  been 
imported.  In  1830,  he  settled  on  his  present  farm,  in  Spring  Bay  Township, 
where  he  has  ever  since  resided.  Like  all  the  old  settlers,  the  dreary  picture  of 
the  "deep  snow"  is  as  vivid  in  his  memory  as  if  it  had  occurred  within  the 

David  Barnes,  Theodore  and  Charlss  Sargents. 


298  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

last  dozen  years,  and  the  sufferings  and  privations  of  the  few  scattered  families- 
will  last  as  long  as  memory  itself.  It  was  full  four  feet  deep,  and  the  Indians, 
who  were  then  plenty  in  the  neighborhood,  donned  their  snow-shoes  as  an  aid  tO' 
locomotion,  and  were  of  considerable  help  and  assistance  to  the  snowed-up  settlers. 

THE    FIRST    CABIN. 

In  the  Fall  of  1822,  a  man  named  Darby,  with  his  wife  and  three  children, 
came  from  Vermont,  and  arriving  here  just  upon  the  verge  of  Winter,  Mr. 
Bhinchard  took  them  in  and  kept  them  until  Spring,  at  his  cabin  ah-eady  men- 
tioned, when  they  went  up  and  made  a  settlement  and  built  a  cabin  on  a  part 
of  what  is  now  Crocker's  farm,  in  Spring  Bay  Township.  This  was  probably 
the  first  house  built  in  this  township,  and  is  alluded  to  in  another  chapter  as 
the  first  in  Woodford  County.  This  section  of  the  county  was  deemed  an 
unhealthy  place  at  that  early  day,  and  many  fell  victims  to  the  "  grim  mon- 
ster" before  becoming  accustomed  to  the  climate.  This  family  all  sickened 
and  died  in  a  few  years,  but  the  youngest  child,  and  she  did  not  live  to  reach 
womanhood.  Henry  Race,  the  companion  of  Blanchard  in  his  lonely  settle- 
ment, married  a  grown  daughter  of  Darby's,  but  she  died  in  a  few  months  after 
her  bridal,  and  her  husband  followed  soon  after.  Just  here  we  may  mention 
the  fact,  in  connection  with  the  first  settlement  of  the  township,  the  probable 
commencement  of  marriage  and  death.  From  the  most  reliable  information  to 
be  obtained,  it  is  believed  that  this  unfortunate  family  had  the  first  marriage,  as 
well  as  the  first  death.  The  latter  point,  however,  is  questioned  by  some,  who- 
maintain  that  "  old  man  Donohue,"  who  died  in  the  early  part  of  1824,  or  the 
latter  part  of  the  preceding  year,  was  the  first  death  in  this  section.  Be  that 
as  it  may,  they  all  died  within  a  short  time  of  each  other. 

To  trace  the  history  of  all  these  early  settlers,  after  the  lapse  of  so  many 
years,  would  be  to  undertake  a  task  impossible  to  accomplish.  Of  the  many 
alluded  to  in  the  beginning  of  this  chapter,  some  few  are  now  living  in  other 
parts  of  the  county,  and  are  noticed  in  other  pages  of  this  work.  A  few  are 
still  living  in  the  township,  viz. :  William  Blanchard,  Rowland  Crocker,  the 
AVilliamses,  Joseph  Belsley,  Phineas  Shottenkirk,  C.  A.  Genoways  and  George 
Sommers.  Of  the  others,  except  those  who  died  here,  if  any  are  still  living, 
all  trace  of  them  is  lost. 

The  Crockers  were  from  Columbia  County,  New  York,  and  Austin,  the 
eldest  of  the  three  brothers,  came  West  as  early  as  1819-20.  His  first  stop- 
ping place  was  in  St.  Louis,  but  he  soon  crossed  over  into  Illinois,  into  what  was 
then  called  the  ''American  Bottom,"  where  he  remained  some  time,  and  for  a 
while  acted  in  the  capacity  of  Deputy  Sheriff.  Afterward,  followed  the  river 
for  a  time,  boating  between  St.  Louis  and  Fort  Clarke  (Peoria),  and  finally  set- 
tled opposite  the  latter  place.  Sn  what  is  noAV  Tazewell  County,  and  where  he 
was  living  when  his  brother,  Horace  Crocker,  came  out,  in  1824.  In  this  year, 
they  came  up  and  settled  on  the  present  Crocker  farm,  in  Spring  Bay  Town- 
ship, where  Rowland,  the  youngest  of  the  three  brothers,  and  who  came  in  the 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  299 

T'all  of  1828,  is  now  living.  All  that  remained  of  the  family  came  out  with 
Rowland  Crocker,  and  this  farm,  the  opening  of  which  commenced  more  than 
fifty  years  ago,  has  ever  remained  in  possession  of  the  family.  Rowland  and, 
perhaps,  one  sister,  are  all  of  the  elder  ones  now  living. 

William  Hoshor,  one  of  the  early  settlers,  and  mentioned  in  the  general 
county  history,  as  well  as  in  Worth  Township,  has  always  been  a  man  of  enter- 
prise in  the  community  where  he  lived.  He  and  his  brother,  Jefferson 
Hoshor,  came  from  Fairfield  County,  Ohio,  in  1830,  and  located  at  first  in 
Missouri,  opposite  Warsaw,  111.,  where  they  remained  but  a  few  months,  when 
William  came  to  this  section  and  settled  in  what  is  now  tlie  township  of  Spring 
Bay.  His  first  settlement  was  up  near  the  Iduff,  but  in  a  short  time  removed 
into  the  bottom  and  opened  the  splendid  Hoshor  farm,  where  one  of  his  sons  is 
now  living.  Mr.  Hoshor,  as  before  stated,  has  been  a  man  of  enterprise  and 
amassed  a  considerable  property,  but,  through  his  generosity  toward  others,  has 
met  some  heavy  losses.  For  several  years  past,  he  has  been  living  in  Worth 
Township,  wdiere  exists  more  than  one  mark  of  improvement  due  to  his  energy 
and  enterprise.  Jeff.  Hoshor,  as  he  w^as  familiarly  called,  settled  in  Spring 
Bay  Township  a  few  years  after  William,  and  died  in  1872.  His  wife  was  a 
daughter  of  Esquire  Benj.  Williams,  of  Worth  Township,  and  was  noted  far  and 
near  for  her  benevolent  disposition  and  her  kindness  to  the  poor. 

Joseph  Belsley  came  from  Nantes,  France,  in  1831,  and  settled  in  this 
township,  where  Isaac  Phillips  lived,  a  few  miles  below  the  village  of  Spring 
Bay.  He  began  a  poor  man,  and  for  years  had  many  hard  struggles  with 
Dame  Fortune,  but  in  the  end  triumphed,  and  is  to-day  one  of  the  wealthy  men 
of  the  county.  George  Sommers,  likewise,  was  from  France.  He  came  from 
the  province  of  Lorraine,  and  settled  in  this  township  in  1836,  where  he  still 
lives,  an  old  man  of  77  years  of  age,  but  vigorous  and  healthy,  and  labors  on  his 
farm  every  day. 

Nicholas  Heufling,  another  of  the  early  settlers,  was  from  Germany,  and 
settled  in  Spring  Bay  Township  in  1833,  and  where  he  lived  until  his  death,  a 
few  years  ago.  His  two  sons,  Henry  and  Frederick,  together  with  five  hired 
hands,  enlisted  from  the  harvest  field  in  one  day,  during  the  late  war,  in  Com- 
pany F,  Eighty-fifth  Illinois  Volunteers,  and  the  old  man  gave  them  up  to  the 
service  of  his  adopted  country  without  one  murmuring  word. 

Richard,  Lewis  and  Jackson  Williams,  sons  of  Benj.  Williams,  of  Worth 
Township,  and  mentioned  in  that  chapter,  were  from  Shelbyville,  Ind.,  and 
came  to  Illinois  with  their  father  in  1829.  For  many  years,  the  boys  have 
heen  identified  with  this  township.  Richard  owns  a  farm  near  Spring  Bay 
village,  and  Lewis  has  made  a  fortune  in  the  village,  in  merchandise,  grain  and 
pork  packing.  He  and  his  brother  Jackson  own  considerable  landed  property 
in  Nebraska,  where  the  latter  resides. 

C.  A.  Genoways,  another  of  the  old  settlers  still  living,  came  from  Cincin- 
nati, Ohio,  in  1838,  with  his  mother's  family,  his  fjxther  having  died  in  1835. 


300  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

Mrs.  Genoways  entered  forty  acres  of  land  in  this  township,  near  the  village  of 
Spring  Bay,  and,  in  the  Fall  of  1838,  returned  to  Cincinnati.  C.  A.  Genoways 
came  back  to  their  claim  in  1840,  and,  after  improving  it,  brought  out  his  mother 
in  1842.  She  remained  with  him  until  her  death,  in  1856.  Mr.  Genoways  is 
the  present  Supervisor  of  Spring  Bay  Township,  an  ofiBce  he  has  filled  for 
several  terms,  and  was  Constable  for  twenty-four  years  in  succession.  He  is 
now  living  in  the  village,  and  has  been  in  mercantile  business  for  several  years, 
but  still  owns  the  original  homestead. 

The  Shottenkirks  were  from  New  York  City.  J.  C.  Shottenkirk  came  to 
Illinois  in  1835,  and  entered  160  acres  of  land  in  this  township,  upon  which  he 
lived  until  a  few  years  before  his  death,  when  he  moved  into  Spring  Bay  village. 
He  died  in  the  Spring  of  1872.  Phineas  Shottenkirk  came  West  in  1831,  and 
stopped  first  at  Rome,  in  Peoria  County,  111.,  but,  at  the  instance  of  an  old 
acquaintance,  came  over  here  and  entered  160  acres  of  land,  now  embraced  in 
the  farm  of  Richard  Williams.  He  afterward  bought  other  lands  in  the  river 
bottom,  where  he  still  lives,  surrounded  with  all  the  comforts  his  years  of  toil 
have  procured  him.  With  fifty  cents  in  his  pocket  when  he  arrived  in  this 
township,  he  went  to  work,  and,  to  use  his  own  words  "  had  hard  scratching 
for  several  years  to  provide  for  his  family  and  pay  for  his  land."'  His  first 
season  here,  he  cultivated  corn  and  potatoes  on  the  land  upon  which  the  village 
of  Spring  Bay  now  stands.  He  is  in  good  circumstances,  but  his  rapidly 
failing  health  proclaims  the  price  he  has  paid  for  his  possessions. 

Angus  McQueen  came  from  the  Highlands  of  Scotland  in  1818,  to  New 
York  City,  where  he  remained  until  the  Fall  of  1835.  Leaving  his  family  in 
the  Empire  City,  he  made  several  trips  back  and  forth  to  the  great  West, 
and  finally,  in  1837,  brought  them  with  him  and  located  permanently  in  what 
is  now  Spring  Bay  Township,  and  on  the  place  where  Hawkins  now  lives.  He 
bought  his  claim  from  one  Elkana  Husted  (of  whom  nothing  further  could  be 
obtained),  which  consisted  of  a  quarter  section,  with  a  pre-emption  right  to  two 
otlier  *•  eighties,"  and  to  one  of  which  he  gave  the  right  to  a  man  named  Hig- 
genbottom,  whom  he  had  induced  to  come  West.  But  Higgenbottom  soon  sold 
it  for  $50,  and  went  to  Oregon.  A  daughter  of  Mr.  McQueen's,  Mrs.  Harriet 
Hurlburt,  now  living  in  Spring  Bay  village,  and  a  lady  of  fine  intelligence, 
still  retains  many  interesting  reminiscences  of  her  early  life  in  this  section. 
She  states  that  her  first  ride  in  Illinois  was  on  a  sled  drawn  by  a  pair  of  oxen  : 
and  that  never  in  the  great  metropolis  and  in  an  elegant  carriage  did  she  enjoy 
a  ride  so  much  as  this.  The  tall  prairie  grass  and  the  wild  flowers  abounding 
in  plentiful  profusion,  as  the  oxen  tramj^led  them  down  and  the  sled  crushed 
over  them,  yielded  a  perfume  sweeter  far  than  was  ever  borne  on  the  balmy 
gales  of  the  tropics.  The  wild  crab  apple  and  the  wild  plum  added  their 
fragrance,  until  one  could  almost  imagine  himself,  without  extravagance  of  feel- 
ing in  the  very  fields  of  Eden.  Often  had  she  gathered  blackberries,  she  in- 
formed us,  and  wild  fruits  on  the  land   now  occupied  by  the  village  of  Spring 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFOED  COUNTY.  301 

Bay.  The  track  made  by  the  surveyors  when  laying  out  the  village  made  a  path 
along  which  the  children  and  young  people  used  to  stray  in  search  of  wild  flowers 
and  wild  berries. 

There  were  other  old  settlers  here  in  these  early  times,  whose  history  would 
be  given   more  fully  could  we   obtain   it.     John  Stephenson,  Charles   Fielder, 

Jesse  Day,  the  Donohues,  Isaac  Philips, Curry,  the  Bethards,  and  perhaps 

others,  were  all  sturdy  old  pioneers,  who  bore  the  brunt  and  hardships  of  the 
times  equally  with  those  whose  histories. are  given,  but  there  are  none  who  can 
tell  much  about  them,  and  few  even  remember  them.  They  served  out  their 
day  and  generation,  and  have  gone' to  their  reward. 

EARLY    PRIVATIONS. 

At  the  time  of  these  early  settlements,  the  people  who  made  them  were 
ignorant  of  what  are  at  the  present  day  termed  the  comforts  and  luxuries  of  life, 
and,  it  may  be  said,  didn't  require  them.  Tlien  there  were  nothing  better  than 
rough  log  houses ;  and  many,  Mr.  Blanchard  informed  us,  built  their  cabins 
of  saplings  and  covered  them  with  bark,  with  chimneys  made  of  sticks  and  clay. 
These  had  the  ground  for  a  floor,  and  were  devoid  of  furniture  of  any  kind, 
save  such  rude  articles  as  could  be  hewed  out  with  an  axe.  Blocks  of  wood 
did  duty  as  chairs,  and  a  slab  split  out  of  a  tree  seryed  as  a  table.  Men  wore 
buckskin  breeches  and  hunting  shirts.  If  one  chanced  to  get  a  pair  of  more 
civilized  material,  when  they  began  to  wear  out,  Mr.  Blanchard  says,  they  would 
patch  the  knees  and  "seat  "  with  buckskin.  On  one  occasion,  Avhen  out  sur- 
veying, he  patched  his  moccasins  with  bacon  skin  from  the  side  meat 
they  had  taken  with  them  for  food,  audit  lasted  better  than  the  buckskin  itself. 
They  made  hominy  by  pounding  the  corn  in  what  they  called  a  "  hominy 
block,"  and  for  the  lack  of  lard  seasoned  it  with  deer  tallow.  In  these  early 
times  they  lived  mostly  on  wild  meats,  except  when  some  hardy  pioneer  Avould 
go  to  St.  Louis  and  bring  up  something  in  the  way  of  pork  and  "bacon. 
Blanchard  himself  went  down  to  St.  Louis  from  Peoria  in  a  canoe,  and  brought 
back  for  the  settlement  a  cargo  of  bacon  and  flour — rarities  at  that  time.  Flax 
was  raised  to  a  considerable  extent,  and  from  it  tlie  women  made  most  of  their 
own  garments,  and  after  the  introduction  of  sheep  extended  their  business  to 
the  manufacture  of  nearly  all  the  clothes  worn  by  their  entire  families.  Thus 
the  buckskin  apparel  finally  became  obsolete.  Wild  plums  and  berrifs,  and  nearly 
all  of  the  wild  fruits,  were  plentiful,  together  Avithwild  honey,  and  afforded  a 
pleasing  addition  to  the  often  limited  larders  of  the  settlers.  For  several  years 
horses  were  scarce  in  tlie  settlement,  and  oxen  were  used  for  hauling,  ploAving, 
and,  in  lieu  of  horses,  were  often  ridden  about  the  neighborhood.  Farm  im- 
plements Avere  few  in  number,  and  consisted  chiefly  of  hoes  and  rude  wooden 
plows  with  iron  points,  or  "iron  noses,"  as  an  old  settler  informed  us.  Weeds 
were  not  troublesome  nor  much  in  the  way  of  growing  crops ;  nettles,  however, 
were  rather  annoying  to  the  people  themselves,  and  often  created  a  severe 
smarting  and  itching. 


302  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

As  the  countrv  settled  up  and  farms  opened,  liorses  were  brought  in  by  new 
comers,  and  many  improvements  made  in  the  manner  and  mode  of  farming. 
But  for  one  or  two  seasons  there  was  one  span  of  liorses  alone  in  the  settlement, 
and  the  owner  of  them  Avas  offered  as  much  as  four  dollars  a  day  for  "  break- 
ing ground."  He  made  an  effort  at  it,  plowing  a  round  or  two,  and  his  horses 
being  unruly,  he  cursed  them,  the  land,  and  everybody  else,  and  quit  in  dis- 
gust. A  settler  would  occasionally  trade  with  an  Indian  for  a  pony  for  horse- 
back riding,  which  Avas  considered  quite  an  addition  to  his  primitive  establish- 
ment ;  but  it  often  turned  out  that  the  Indian  became  dissatisfied  Avith  his 
bargain,  and  if  the  pale  face  refused  to  trade  back  again,  he  would  make  it  all 
right  and  square  by  stealing  his  pony. 

Crops  were  good  then,  and  rareh'  failed  to  yield  Avell.  We  have  Mr. 
Blanchard's  testimony  to  raising  forty  bushels  of  wheat  to  the  acre  ;  and  the 
year  1819,  when  he  cultivated  his  corn  Avholly  with  a  hoe,  he  raised  one 
hundred  bushels  to  the  acre.  In  the  course  of  progress,  log  rollings,  house 
raisings,  corn  "bees"  among  the  men,  and  quiltings,  wool  pickings,  etc., 
among  the  Avomen  became  numerous,  ahvays  Avinding  up  Avith  a  dance  at  night, 
Avhich  Avere  events  of  the  most  intense  interest  and  amusement.  An  occasional 
horse  race  enlivened  the  scene,  at  which  times  Avhisky  flowed  livel}",  and  a 
bloody  nose  and  broken  head  Avas  sometimes  the  result  of  this  innocent  pastime. 
A  wedding  Avas  a  grand  gala  time,  and  the  neighbors  Avere  all  invited  for  miles 
around.  The  word  "neighbor"  then  admitted  of  almost  as  broad  a  meaning 
as  the  Biblical  acceptation  of  it,  and  included  everybody  within  at  least  a  half 
a  day's  journey.  Trade  was  dull,  and  was  done  mostly  at  Chicago,  Avhile  some 
went  down  the  river  in  flat-boats  to  St.  Louis  with  the  extra  products  of  the 
country,  and  in  return  brought  back  supplies. 

THE    FIRST    MILL. 

A  man  named  Winston  Barton  built  a  little  horse  mill  in  1827 — called  in 
those  days  a  corn-cracker — near  Avhere  Crocker's  mill  now  stands,  and  was  the 
first  mill  in  this  section,  and  probably  the  first  in  the  county.  It  Avas  a  small 
affair,  and  never  amounted  to  much,  but  Avas  an  improvement,  however,  to 
pounding  corn  in  Avooden  blocks  into  hominy. 

Crocker's  mill  Avas  built  in  1833-4,  and  Avas  the  first  mill*  in  this  tOAvnship, 
or  in  this  section,  run  by  Avater  poAver.  It  Avas  commenced  in  the  Full  of  1833, 
by  Austin  Crocker  and  his  brother  Horace,  and  Avas  completed  in  1834,  and 
has  continued  in  running  operation  ever  since.  They  had  the  assistance,  in 
building  it,  of  Allen  and  Thomas  Donohue,  Avho  Avere  partners  in  the  enter- 
prise for  a  Avhile :  but  the  AA'hole  of  it  finally  passed  into  the  hands  of  the 
Crockers,  and  is  noAv  oAvned  by  RoAvland  Crocker.  It  is  still  standing,  is  in 
good  condition,  and  is  run  by  Avater  from  several  large  springs  in  tlie  immediate 
neighborhood.  Avhich  burst  out  of  the  ground  and  Aoav  toA\  ard  the  Illinois  River, 
but  a  sliort  distance  UAvay. 

*  Mentioned  in  the  generil  history  as  one  of  the  first  water  mills  in  the  county. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  303 

William  Hoshor  built  a  mill,  for  grinding  corn,  near  Crocker's  mill,  in 
1835,  which  drew  custom  from  a  large  scope  of  country  for  man^f  years.  It  is 
still  in  operation,  and  under  the  management  of  Mr.  Hoslior's  son,  but,  with 
the  present  competition  in  the  mill  business,  is  not  crowded  to  its  utmost 
capacity,  as  in  the  days  of  yore.  Hoshor  built  a  distillery  in  connection  with 
the  mill,  which  did  a  large  business  for  a  number  of  years,  but  ceased  opera- 
tion about  1866-7. 

The  first  physician  who  practiced  in  this  section  was  Dr.  Langworthy,  of 
Peoria,  whose  large  practice  extended  over  on  this  side  of  the  river,  and  he  is 
spoken  of  as  a  good  physician  for  that  early  day. 

In  the  Fall  of  1824,  the  first  experiment  was  made  in  fruit  growing,  by 
Austin  Crocker,  who  planted  an  orchard  on  Section  25  of  Spring  Bay  Town- 
ship. ,This  is  alluded  to  in  the  general  history  as  one  of  the  first  orchards  in 
what  is  now  Woodford  County.  Charles  Fielder  planted  an  orchard,  in  1826, 
on  Section  24,  in  this  township.  Many  of  these  trees  are  standing  at  the 
present  day.  Most  of  them  were  ''seedlings,"  and  are  still  sound,  healthy 
trees,  and  bear  heavily,  with  few  exceptions,  every  year.  In  this,  as  in  most 
of  the  townships  on  this  side  of  the  county,  the  culture  of  the  grape  has  proved 
quite  successful,  and  many  farmers  devote  considerable  attention  to  it. 

THE    INDIANS. 

There  were  plenty  of  Indians  in  this  section  at  the  time  of  the  first  settle- 
ments and  for  several  years  after  settlements  had  been  made.  This  Avas  one  of 
the  early  Indian  settlements — had  been  their  home  and  hunting  grounds  in  all 
probability  for  centuries  before  the  coming  of  the  white  man.  Owing  to  the 
sheltering  timber  and  the  almost  innumerable  springs  of  pure  water,  bursting 
out  in  nearly  every  part  of  the  township,  presented  many  attractions  and  ren- 
dered it  a  desirable  spot  to  the  roving  bands  of  Indians.  Mr.  Blanchard  says 
the  Indians  here,  when  he  came,  were  mostly  Ottawas  and  Pottawatomies,  with 
a  few  Sacs  and  Foxes,  and,  when  kindly  treated,  were  far  more  of  a  help  than 
a  drawback  to  the  whites;  during  the  Winter  of  the  "Deep  Snow,"  were  of 
considerable  benefit  to  the  settlers  in  furnishing  them  with  venison  and  other 
wild  game,  without  which  their  boards,  scanty  at  best,  would  have  been  utterly 
exhausted  before  the  Winter  passed.  But,  as  the  whites  came  in,  the  Indians 
were  crowded  out,  and  are  now  almost  forgotten  by  the  generation  who  have 
converted  their  hunting  grounds  into  farms  and  prosperous  villages.  Their 
camp-fires,  which  onced  blazed  on  every  hill  in  Spring  -Bay  Township,  have 
long  since  faded  away  in  the  sunlight  of  civilization,  and  the  persecuted  Indian 
is  remembered  bv  few  now  living  in  Woodford  Countv. 

CHURCHES    AND    SCHOOLS. 

The  first  religious  services  in  this  township  were  held  perhaps  by  the  Meth- 
odists, who  sent  their  ministers  here  at  a  very  early  day.  But  who  preached 
the  first  sei'mon,  no  one  now  living  can   tell.     A  Methodist  minister — a  Rev. 


304  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

Mr.  Lattcy — was  among  the  first,  but  of  him  very  little  information  could  be 
obtained.  There  are  no  churches  in  the  township,  and  religious  services  have 
always  been  held  at  farm  houses  and  in  the  school  houses.  Interesting  revivals, 
then  as  now,  often  occurred,  aand  many  turned  from  the  error  of  their  ways 
and  united  with  the  church. 

Of  the  early  schools  of  this  township,  not  much  information  can  be  obtained, 
and  the  question  as  to  who  taught  the  first  one  is  wholly  unanswerable.  They 
consisted  of  a  few  children  collected  together  at  some  of  the  larger  and  more 
pretentious  cabins,  Avhere  they  were  instructed  in  "reading,  writing  and  cipher- 
ing." 

Mrs.  McQueen,  whose  husband  is  mentioned  in  this  chapter,  as  one  of  the 
early  settlers,  taught  a  school  at  her  own  house,  in  1840.  But  it  is  altogether 
probable  that  similar  schools  were   taught  long  before  the  one  just  mentioned. 

For  years  after  the  organization  of  public  schools,  no  records  exist.  Mr. 
John  Ege,  the  present  Treasurer,  and  who  has  held  the  office  for  ten  years  past, 
has  no  records  previous  to  1862,  and  he  informed  us  that  they  had  all  been 
destroyed  previous  to  that  date.  From  his  last  report  to  the  County  Superin- 
tendent of  Schools  we  extract  the  following  information  : 

Number  of  males,  iimler  21  year?,  in  the  township 142 

Number  of  females,  under  21  years,  in  the  township 147 

Total , 289 

Number  of  males  between  6  and  21  years 89 

Number  of  females  between  6  and  21  years 88 

Total 172 

Number  of  males  attending  school 56 

Number  of  females 49 

Total 105 

Average  number  of  months  taught 8 

Number  of  public  schools  in  the  township 2 

Number  of  male  teachers  employed 2 

Highest  monthly  wages  paid  teachers ?60  00 

Lowest  monthly  wages  paid  teachers 40  00 

Township  fund  for  support  of.  schools 2,973  00 

Estimated  value  of  school  property  in  township 4,500  00 

Tax  levy  to  support  schools 400  00 

Whole  amount  of  teachers'  salary  for  1877 820  00 

This  is  a  fractional  township  and  has  but  two  school  districts,  both  of  which 

have  good,  comfortable  school  houses.     The  one  in  the  village  is  an  ornament 

to  the  place,  and  will  be  appropriately  mentioned  under  that  head. 

TOWNSHIP    ORGANIZATION. 

When  Woodford  County  was  laid  off  into  townships,  this  fractional  part  was 
called  Spring  Bay  from  the  village  of  that  name  situated  at  the  north  end  of  its 
limits.     The  first  election  for  township  officers  resulted  as  follows : 

For  Superisor,  G.  W.  Snibley ;  Assessor,  Dr.  John  Hazard  ;  Collector,  C. 
A.  Genowavs ;  Town  Clerk,  C.  S.  Shults. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  305 

The  following  gentlemen  comprise  the  present  Board : 

Supervisor,  C.  A.  Genoways ;  Town  Clerk,  E.  Fredricks ;  Assessor,  John 
Ege ;  Collector,  Abraham  Loveless ;  Justices  of  Peace,  Dr.  J.  G.  Zeller  and 
John  Ege  :   Constable,  Oliver  Davis. 

Politically  this  township  has  always  been  largely  Democratic,  even  from  the 
very  earliest  period  of  voting.  As  it  commenced  in  the  early  days  of  Whigs 
and  Democrats,  so  it  still  remains,  and  the  Republican  candidate  finds  it  a  poor 
field  in  which  to  inaugurate  political  issues. 

THE    WAR    RECORD. 

This  township,  though  small,  was  no  laggard  in  furnishing  soldiers  in  the  late 
war.  Among  the  volunteers  were  the  following  :  John  McQueen,  Augustus 
Brandon,  Willis  and  Abraham  Burt,  Alexander,  George  and  John  Hodge,  W. 
D.  Long,  Frederick  and  Henry  Heniiing,  David  Stratford,  Wm.  Spillman, 
Joseph  and  Herman  Ahrens,  Isaac  and  Thomas  Phillips,  Eighty-fifth  Dlinois 
Volunteer  Infantry.  Thaddeus  Shottenkirk,  Frank  Myers,  Thomas  and  Robt. 
Blanchard,  James  Vantine  and  Silas  Staples,  Seventy-seventh  Regiment  Illi- 
nois Volunteer  Infimtry. 

Several  of  these  were  among  the  killed,  wounded  and  missing,  viz. :  The 
two  Henfling  boys,  Augustus  Brandon,  Alexander  and  George  Hodge  were 
killed,  and  some  others  who  never  returned  were  doubtless  killed,  or  captured 
and  died  in  prisons. 

The  land  of  Spring  Bay  Township  is  mostly  river  bottom,  but  in  some  local- 
ities rises  gradually  to  the  bluffs  a  little  distance  from  the  river,  which  is  the 
western  boundary.  There  are  some  low,  marshy  lands  next  to  the  river,  which 
are  valueless  at  present.  It  affords  plenty  of  timber  for  all  building  and  farm 
purposes,  though  the  best  of  it,  such  as  walnut,  is  being  rapidly  thinned  out. 

SPRING    BAY    VILLAGE. 

This  little  village  is  situated  on  the  Illinois  River,  about  ten  miles  above 
Peoria.  It  was  surveyed  and  laid  out  in  1838  for  Day,  Matson  &  Brush,  who 
owned  the  land,  and  had  purchased  it  from  one  Jacob  Woodcock,  an  old  settler, 
of  whom  but  little  deffinite  information  could  be  obtained. 

The  first  kouse  in  the  village  of  Spring  Bay  was  built  by  a  man'named  Ben- 
jamin Merithew,  who,  it  seems,  had  once  owned  the  land  or  had  pre-empted  it, 
or  something  of  that  kind,  and  was  built  befor^  the  village  was  laid  out.  It 
was  a  small  log  cabin,  and  stood  Avhere  Genoways'  store-house  now  stands.  The 
first  store-house  put  up  was  the  one  noAV  occupied  by  Lewis  Williams,  and  was 
built  in  the  early  part  of  1838,  and  only  Aveather-boarded  and  covered  when 
Genoways  came  to  the  neighborhood.  When  he  returned  from  Ohio  to  this 
place,  in  1840,  nothing  further  had  been  done,  nor  did  the  village  begin  to  im- 
prove to  any  great  extent  until  about  the  year  1843.  A  man  named  Rice  had  a 
little  store  up  in  the  brush,  just  witliin  the  present  limits  of  the  town,  which 
consisted  chiefly  of  whisky  and  tobacco — articles  that  have  remained  staple  in 


306  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

this  section  down  to  the  present  day.  This  was  not  only  the  first  store  in  the 
village,  but  the  first  in  what  is  now  Spring  Bay  Township.  In  1848,  Ira  Y. 
Munn  came  to  the  place  and  opened  a  store  in  the  building  above  alluded  to,  as 
belonging  now  to  Williams,  which  was  finished  up  for  the  pur))ose  Munn, 
Peter  Willard  and  William  Scott  had  a  store  in  Fremont,*  which  place  was 
rather  overdone  in  mercantile  business.  Mr.  Genoways  chanced  to  meet  Munn 
and  Scott  in  Washington,  some  ten  miles  distant  from  Spring  Bay,  and  they 
told  him  they  were  looking  for  a  good  location  for  a  store.  He  at  once  set  to 
work  to  try  to  induce  them  to  go  to  Spring  Bay,  and,  obtaining  their  consent, 
conducted  them  in  a  roundabout  way  to  the  village,  that  they  might  be  favora- 
bly im})ressed  with  the  populous  neighborhood.  After  taking  a  look  they 
decided  to  locate,  and  engaged  Genoways  to  go  immediately  to  Fremont  for  a 
load  of  good>.  Munn  &  Scott  conducted  the  business  at  Spring  Bay,  while 
AVillard  remained  at  Fremont  to  close  up  and  settle  affairs  there,  after  Avhich  he 
opened  a  branch  of  the  Spring  Bay  house  in  Metamora,  of  Avhich  further  notice 
is  made  in  that  part  of  this  work.  Scott  was  soon  taken  sick  antl  returned  to 
Fremont,  where  he  died,  and  his  brother,  George  Scott,  came  to  Spring  Bay 
and  took  his  place  in  the  store.  This  firm  continued  in  the  mercantile  business 
here  and  at  Metamora,  and  also  handled  grain  extensively  for  a  number  of  years. 
After  amassing  quite  a  fortune,  Munn  and  Scott  went  to  Chicago,  and  there 
embarked  in  grain  ;  but  in  attempting  to  make  "a  corner"  in  wheat,  got  beyond 
their  depth  and  sunk  disastrously.  Rising  again,  they  went  to  Denver  and 
started  a  quartz  mill,  where,  it  is  said,  they  failed  again,  Peter  Willard  lives 
in  Chicago,  a  prosperous  and  enterprising  merchant. 

Just  after  Munn  commenced  business,  a  man  by  the  name  of  Thornton  built 
a  residence,  which  was  the  first  one  erected  in  Spring  Bay  Village.  C.  A. 
Genoways  and  Samuel  S.  Burt  built  the  first  grain  warehouse  in  1844,  and  after 
finishing  it  sold  it  to  Munn  &  Scott  for  $400.  It  was  a  frame  building,  30x60 
feet,  with  a  capacity  of  8,000  or  10,000  bushels.  Richard  Dement  built  a 
grain  warehouse  soon  after ;  also,  Lewis  and  Jackson  Williams,  and  for  many 
years  did  a  large  business  in  grain,  pork  packing  and  general  merchandise,  and 
in  which  they  made  a  small  fortune.  Lewis  Williams  owns,  in  addition  to  his 
other  property,  the  old  homestead  in  Worth  Township.  Hoshor  and  Dement 
built  the  warehouse  now  standing  on  the  river  bank.  The  one  now  owned  by 
Genoways  and  used  as  a  storehouse  was  built  by  Moses  McManus.  None  of 
these  warehouses  are  standing  at  the  present  day,  except  the  last  two  mentioned  ; 
the  others  have  not  survived  the  day  of  their  usefulness.  For  about  twenty 
years,  beginning  at  1844,  the  grain  trade  at  this  place  equaled  any  point  on  the 
Illinois  River.  In  its  most  prosperous  day,  Munn  &  Scott,  Dement,  McManus, 
William  Hefelbower,  were  all  handling  grain,  and  all  doing  a  heavy  business. 
Nearly  the  whole  county  hauled  grain  to  this  place,  and  a  hundred  wagons  on 
the  streets  in  one  day  was  a  common  occurrence.     The  amount  of  grain  shipped 

A  village  in  Tazewell  County. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  307 

from  this  point,  before  the  era  of  railroads,  was  truly  wonderful,  and  more  than 
one  handsome  little  fortune  was  made  in  this  unpretending  village. 

A    POST    OFFICE 

was  established  in  1844,  and  is  the  only  one  in  the  township.  C.  S.  Shults 
was  appointed  the  first  Postmaster.  The  mail  was  carried  between  this  place 
and  Peoria,  and  after  the  building  of  the  Illinois  Central  Railroad,  a  weekly 
mail  was  established  with  Kappa.  It  was  some  time  after  the  establishment  of 
the  post  office,  before  the  Government  would  allow  a  contract  for  carrying  the 
mail,  and  whoever  chanced  to  go  to  Peoria  brought  it  back,  tied  up  in  his  hand- 
kerchief. With  many  changes  in  the  administrations  of  the  aifairs  of  the  olfice, 
it  has  passed  into  the  hands  of  Charles  Keolcher,  who  is  the  present  Postmaster, 
with  a  semi-weekly  mail  to  and  from  Peoria. 

David  Couch  built  a  hotel  here  in  1850,  the  first  ever  erected  in  the  village. 
In  the  days  of  its  prosperity,  the  town  boasted  of  three  hotels  at  one  time,  but 
they  are  all  gone  now.  C.  A.  Genoways  entertains  the  few  travelers  who 
chance  to  stray  this  way. 

Dr.  John  G.  Zeller,  one  of  the  prominent  men  of  the  village  and  township, 
came  from  Bavaria,  Germany,  in  1847.  Two  years  later,  went  back  to  the  old 
country,  and  attended  school  for  four  years,  where  he  graduated  and  returned 
to  America.  He  studied  medicine,  and  commenced  the  practice  of  the  profes- 
sion in  this  place,  in  1854,  where  he  has  remained  ever  since,  with  the  excep- 
tion of  five  months,  when  attending  his  last  session  at  the  St.  Louis  Medical 
College,  where  he  graduated  as  a  physician  in  1856.  A  man  of  intelligence 
and  education,  he  has  always  taken  an  active  part  in  everything  calculated  to 
promote  the  advancement  of  his  town.  He  has  a  large  collection  of  Indian 
relics,  gathered  in  this  immediate  vicinity,  in  which  he  takes  considerable  inter- 
est ;  also  bones  and  large  portions  of  human  skeletons,  likewise  found  here. 
From  these  bones  he  recognizes  two  distinct  races  of  people,  and  very  unlike 
each  other.  Hence,  his  theory,  that  the  Mound  Builders  occupied  this  country 
previous  to  the  Indians.  Among  his  Indian  relics  are  many  of  their  rude  im- 
plements and  tools  of  domestic  use  and  of  war :  such  as  axes,  hatchets,  toma- 
hawks, spear  and  arrow  heads,  pipes,  etc.  They  are  of  many  kinds  of  material, 
some  of  them  rare  specimens,  and  others  of  wonderful  workmanship.  We 
noticed  an  arrow-head  of  the  most  beautiful  agate,  and  a  pipe  made  of  a  material 
found  only  in  the  Missouri  River  country.  But  neither  our  space  nor  our 
geological  information  will  admit  of  a  particularization  of  all  these  specimens 
and  relics.  From  relics  and  bones  in  his  possession,  believed  to  be  of  the  Mound 
Builders,  he  holds  to  the  opinion  that  they  were  a  much  larger  race  than  the 
Indians,  and  further  advanced  in  civilization. 

Dr.  Zeller  has  devoted  considerable  attention  to  grape  culture,  and  was  the 
first  to  introduce  the  Concord,  Delaware,  Hartford  and  the  Virginia  Seedling  in 
this  section ;  for  which,  he  says,  the  Concord  is  the  only  serviceable  one  for 
this  climate. 


308  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

Another  of  the  solid  men  of  Spring  Bay  is  Mr.  Gottfried  Jung,  who  came 
from  Hesse-Darmstadt,  Germany,  in  1852,  and  commenced  business  as  a  mer- 
chant and  lumber  dealer.  Having  made  quite  a  fortune,  he  has  retired  from  the 
turmoils  of  business,  to  spend  the  remainder  of  his  days  in  quietude,  in  his  ele- 
gant home,  one  of  the  finest  in  the  village. 

SPRING    BAY    MILLS. 

This  mill  was  built,  first  as  a  steam  saw-mill  only,  by  Jo  Hilenbrand  in  1862. 
About  a  year  after,  William  Burt  bought  an  interest,  and  put  in  burrs  and 
machiner}'^  for  a  grist-mill,  when  its  value  was  estimated  at  $1,000.  It  is  small, 
has  but  one  run  of  burrs,  and  is  devoted  chiefly  to  custom  work.  After  chang- 
ing owners  several  times,  Ernest  Fredericks  has  become  the  proprietor. 

The  brewery  of  Peter  Eichhorn  is  a  large  establishment,  and  was  built  in 
1851.  It  was  built  by  Mr.  Eichhorn,  and  is  a  frame  structure  of  a  capacity  to 
make  about  2,000  barrels  a  year,  most  of  which  is  shipped  to  Peoria,  and  the 
remainder  sold  in  this  county.  It  cost,  including  cellars,  fixtures,  machinery, 
etc.,  about  $25,000,  and  is  still  owned  by  Mr.  Eichhorn. 

The  Town  Hall  was  built  in  1853  by  a  special  tax  levy  for  the  purpose,  and 
cost  $700,  but  stiortly  after  its  completion,  was  blown  from  its  foundations  by  a 
gale  of  wind,  and  cost  $200  more  to  restore  it  to  its  former  grandeur.  It  is  the 
most  serviceable  building  in  the  place,  and  devoted  to  a  variety  of  uses.  Almost 
every  religious  denomination  in  the  calendar,  at  some  time  or  other,  has  used 
it  as  a  tabernacle  of  worship,  while  upon  its  floor  the  stump  orator  rises  in  his 
majesty  to  harangue  the  people  on  the  political  questions  of  the  day.  And 
thus,  for  all  meetings,  public  or  private,  sacred  or  profane,  the  Town  Hall  is 
called  into  reijuisition. 

The  first  school  house  in  the  village  was  built  in  1846 — a  frame  structure  of 
very  rough  workmanship,  and  cost  $300.  This  did  service  for  more  than 
twenty  years,  and  in  1868  was  replaced  by  the  elegant  brick  school  house  "  up 
on  the  hill,"  which  is  an  ornament  to  the  village.  It  cost  about  $3,000,  is  two 
stories  high,  and  thirty  by  forty  feet  in  size.  0.  L.  Tucker  is  the  present 
teacher,  and  has  a  daily  attendance  of  about  fifty  pupils. 

During  the  ordinary  Winter  stage  of  water,  steamboats  land  daily  at  the 
wharf,  which  is  sa^d  to  be  one  of  the  best  steamboat  landings  on  the  Illinois 
River.  In  1851-2,  a  levee  was  built  extending  out  five  hundred  yards  into  the 
river,  or  rather  through  "  the  bay,"  to  the  river  proper,  and  where  boats  land 
during  the  low  stage  of  water.  Mr.  Wm.  H.  Delph,  of  Metamora,  was  the 
engineer  in  chai'ge  of  the  work,  and  the  expense  of  the  improvement  was  borne 
by  the  county,  the  total  cost  of  which  was  about  $4,000.  The  dirt  and  gravel 
for  this  levee  was  taken  from  the  ridge  or  bluff  rising  some  hundred  or  two 
yards  from  the  river.  It  was  in  this  work  that  so  many  human  bones  and 
almost  entire  skeletons  were  exhumed,  alluded  to  in  connection  with  Dr.  Zeller's 
collection,  of  bones  and  Indian  relics  on  another  page. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  809 


FOURTH    OF    JULY    CELEBRATION. 


In  the  days  of  Spring  Bay's  pristine  glory,  the  magnates  of  the  place  put 
their  heads  together,  and  decided  on  a  certain  occasion  to  appropriately  celebrate 
the  anniversary  of  the  day  on  which  "  our  fathers  threw  off  the  rotten  yoke  of 
Britain."  An  old-fashioned,  backwoods  barbecue  was  inaugurated,  with  all  its 
attending  accompaniments  of  "fatted  calves,"  young  porkers  and  delicious 
muttons,  and  a  good  supply  of  liquor  was  procured  from  a  neighboring  still- 
house  to  "season  it."  All  the  surroundino-  towns  and  villao'es  were  bidden  to 
the  feast,  and  many  accepted  the  invitation.  A  man  named  Curry  had  been 
appointed  orator  of  the  day,  and  mounting  an  ox  cart,  which  had  been  drawn 
up  and  improvised  into  a  "  speaker's  stand,"  he  entertained  the  audience  for  an 
hour  with  the  repetition  of  a  speech  (copied  verbatim,  and  prepared  for  the  pur- 
pose) delivered  in  the  United  States  Congress  by  a  member  from  Massachusetts 
during  the  bitter  debates  in  that  body,  referring  to  "  the  Embargo,"  previous  to 
the  war  of  1812.  With  all  the  fiery  eloquence  of  Patrick  Henry,  this  back- 
woods orator  hurled  the  old  embargo  tirade  at  the  "  corrupted  government,"  and 
pictured  the  imminent  danger  of  the  "  old  ship  of  state  being  engulfed  in  the 
threatening  billows,"  unless  a  "most  rigorous  (rigid)  reform  was  enforced." 

The  first  session  of  the  Circuit  Court  of  Woodford  County,  held  after 
organization,  was  noted  for  having  a  little  suit  tried  in  it,  in  which  two  witnesses 
from  this  township  were  called  to  testify,  viz. :  C.  A.  Genoways  and  Austin 
Crocker.     The  origin  and  nature  of  this  suit  our  informant  had  forgotten. 

It  is  always  sad  to  write  of  decay.  This  little  village,  once  a  busy  place, 
and  equal  in  importance  as  a  shipping  point  to  any  place  on  the  river,  has  long 
since  passed  the  zenith  of  its  prosperity.  Its  former  prosperity  has  dwindled 
down  to  a  few  small  stores,  and  a  few'  other  lines  of  trade  equally  limited.  At 
present,  the  business  is  distributed  •  as  follows :  Three  general  stores,  three 
saloons,  two  blacksmith  shops,  two  wagon  shops,  one  harness  shop,  two  shoe 
shops.  Lewis  Williams  and  John  Ege  both  handle  grain  still,  but  in  a  small 
way.  There  is  one  physician  in  the  place,  but  neither  a  preacher  nor  a  lawyer, 
nor  even  a  church,  except  the  Town  Hall. 

ORIGIN    OF    NAME. 

The  name  of  Spring  Bay  is  derived  from  the  beautiful  little  bay  in  the  river 
at  this  place,  and  the  numerous  springs  within  its  compass  that  supply  the  water 
when  the  river  is  too  low  to  run  over  the  "bar  "  between  it  and  the  outward 
limits  of  the  bay.  It  is  estimated  that  the  waters  from  these  springs,  if  it  could 
be  utilized,  would  be  equal  to  100  horse-power.  Springs  abound  throughout  the 
township,  and  are  the  operating  force  of  several  mills.  These  springs,  with  the 
little  bay,  as  stated  above,  when  taken  together  formed  a  name,  which  was 
bestowed  on  the  settlement  at  an  early  day,  then  on  the  village  when  laid  out, 
and  afterward  given  to  the  township. 


310  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

The  beautiful  little  cemetery  upon  the  hillside,  a  mile  or  two  from  the  \'illafye^ 
ha^  become  the  resting  place  of  many  of  the  early  pioneers  mentioned  in  these 
pages.     Peace  to  their  ashes. 


CRUGER  TOWNSHIP. 

Cruger  is  known  as  Fractional  Township  26  north,  Range  2  west,  and  ad- 
joins the  northeast  township  of  Tazewell  County.  From  the  date  of  township 
organization  until  1870,  Cruger  was  included  in  Olio  ToAvnship  ;  and,  like  Olio, 
contains  much  of  interest  connected  with  the  early  history  of  Woodford  County. 
A  large  portion  of  the  section  of  Walnut  Grove  lies  in  this  township.  Through 
this  vast  forest  the  savages  roamed  at  will,  "monarchs  of  all  thev  surveyed," 
for  centuries,  perhaps,  before  the  foot  of  the  "  pale  face  '"  trod  the  soil ;  and  in 
the  shelter  of  this  grove  some  of  the  first  pioneers  built  their  rude  cabins. 

In  1830,  there  were  but  a  fcAv  families  in  that  part  of  Walnut  Grove  now 
embraced  in  Cruger  Township,  of  whom  Daniel  Meek,  James  Martin,  Robert 
and  James  Bird,  Joseph  Dillon,  the  Moores,  Nathan  Owen,  Thomas  Deweese, 
James  Rayburn  and  John  Stevenson  were  about  all  living  here  at  the  period 
above  mentioned.  Of  these,  Deweese,  Martin  and  Rayburn  were  from  Indiana, 
while  most  of  the  others  were  from  Kentucky.  As  to  the  time  of  their  coming, 
there  are  none  now  living  Avho  can  give  the  precise  dates.  Daniel  Meek,  one  of 
those  already  alluded  to,  came  fi'om  Kentucky,  in  1827  ;  but  whether  or  not  he 
was  the  first  we  are  unable  to  say.  He  settled  in  Walnut  Grove,  and  in  1836, 
removed  to  Knox  County,  near  Abingdon,  where  he  died,  in  March,  1874. 

Henry  B.  Meek,  a  younger  brother  of  Daniel  Meek,  came  from  Pulaski 
County.  Ky.,  with  his  father,  when  but  12  years  old.  The  family  settled  in 
Jennings  County,  Ind.,  where  they  remained  some  years.  In  1828,  Mr.  Henry 
Meek  made  a  visit  to  this  section — a  kind  of  tour  of  inspection — and  states  that 
his  brother  Daniel,  the  Moores,  and  perhaps  one  or  two  other  families,  were 
about  all  the  settlers  then  in  Walnut  Grove,  and  but  very  few  others  in  what  is 
now  Woodford  County.  Mr.  Meek  returned  to  his  home  in  Indiana  :  and  in 
1830,  came  back  and  made  a  permanent  settlement  in  Walnut  Grove,  and  in 
what  is  now^  Cruger  Township,  in  the  Spring  of  that  year.  He  built  his  first 
cabin  on  the  site  of  his  present  elegant  residence.  When  Mr.  Meek  brought 
his  young  wife  to  Illinois,  they  came  through  on  horseback.  She  carried  her 
baby  on  her  horse,  while  he  carried  a  pack,  made  up  of  sufiicient  clothing  for 
their  first  Summer's  use,  and  other  housekeeping  articles.  In  the  Fall,  he  went 
back  to  Indiana,  and  brought  with  him,  on  his  return,  some  live  stock — hogs 
and  sheep.  His  hogs  fattened  on  the  "mast,"'  which  was  abundant  that  Win- 
ter, and  the  next  year  he  sold  100  pounds  of  bacon  for  §9.00,  which  he  says 
wa.s  then  considered  a  large  sum  of  money.  His  eldest  brother,  Joseph  Meek,, 
with  his  family,  came  Avith  him  on  his  return  from  Indiana. 


MINONK 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  313 

The  land  in  this  section,  at  the  period  of  which  we  write,  was  not  in  market, 
nor  did  it  come  in  until  in  1832.  When  the  land  was  put  on  sale,  Meek  went 
to  Springfield,  and,  with  $oOO  which  he  had  laid  up  for  the  purpose,  bought 
three  "  eiofhties,"  or  240  acres.  This  was  a  nucleus,  to  which  he  continued  to 
add,  until  he  owned  1,600  acres  of  choice  lands.  As  his  children  grew  up,  and 
went  out  into  the  world  to  battle  for  themselves,  he  gave  them  farms,  and  thereby 
reduced  his  own  to  700  acres. 

Joseph  Meek,  an  older  brother  of  Henry's,  came  to  Illinois,  as  already 
stated,  in  the  Fall  of  1830.  On  his  arrival  here,  he  bought  a  claim  from  one 
Joseph  Dillon,  upon  which  he  still  lives.  And  though  he  is  an  old  man  of  four 
score  years,  his  physical  and  mental  activity  is  almost  wonderful.  "•  Uncle  " 
Joseph  Meek,  as  he  is  familiarly  called,  has  set  up  his  children  with  good  farms, 
and  still  owns  a  large  one  himself,  which  he  superintends,  and  upon  which  he 
labors  every  day.     He  stands  high  among  his  fellow  men,  and  his  word  is  his  bond. 

In  1835,  the  following  additions  had  been  made  to  the  Walnut  Grove 
settlement :  Rev.  John  Oatman,  Matthew  Blair,  Joshua  Woosley,  Daniel  Travis, 
Cooley  Curtis,  Daniel  Allison,  Isaac  Black,  James  Mitchell,  Ben.  Major,  Wm. 
R.  Willis,  Rev.  W"m.  Davenport,  Thomas  Bullock,  Elijah  Dickinson,  Benj.  J. 
Radford,  and  it  may  be  a  few  others  now.  forgotten.  The  majority  settled  in 
what  is  now  Cruger  Township,  and  many  of  them  came  from  Kentucky,  a  few 
from  Indiana,  and  a  few  others  from  Tennessee.  There  were  men  of  influence 
among  them,  who  were  active  in  their  day,  in  every  enterprise  inaugurated  to 
promote  the  interests  of  their  country.  Some  of  them  have  been  noticed  in 
other  chapters  of  this  work,  in  connection  with  the  formation  of  Woodford 
County,  the  organization  of  Eureka  College,  and  other  undertakings  requiring 
time,  money  and  influence  to  successfully  carry  through. 

Benjamin  J.  Radford  came  from  Christian  County,  Kentucky,  in  1834,  to 
Illinois,  where  he  settled  in  what  is  now  Cruger  Township,  and  lived  a  respected 
citizen  until  his  death  in  September,  1857.  He  planted  the  first  grove  of 
locust  trees  in  what  is  now  Woodford  County,  a  work  that  has  since  been  fol- 
lowed by  thousands.  One  of  his  sons  is  now  President  of  Eureka  College ; 
another  is  editor  and  proprietor  of  the  Eureka  Journal. 

In  the  Winter  of  1830-31,  was  the  "  deep  snow,"  an  event  remembered  by 
many  old  settlers,  and  an  epoch  from  which  their  history  all  dates.  So  many 
years  before,  or  so  many  years  since  the  "•  deep  snow,"  is  their  mode  of  designat- 
ing any  particular  event.  The  deer  and  other  wild  game  became  so  tame  that 
human  beings  were  no  longer  objects  of  fear  to  them.  A  gang  of  half  a  dozen 
deer  came  to  Henry  Meek's,  and  he  turned  them  in  the  lot  with  his  sheep  and 
calves,  where  they  remained  quite  a  while  becoming  so  tame  they  would  eat 
corn  out  of  his  hand. 

When  Mr.  Meek  settled  in  Walnut  Grove,  there  was  a  ferry  at  Peoria,  then 
called  Fort  Clarke,  kept  by  a  man  named  Gardis.  Fort  Clarke  had  one  little 
store  of  general  merchandise,  which  supplied  the  scattered  settlers  along  the  river 


314  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

■with  Store  goods.  One  Vorris  or  Voorhees  also  kept  a  little  store  filled  with 
housekeeping  articles,  much  in  demand  as  the  country  settled  up.  A  man  by 
the  name  of  Matthews  kept  a  ferry  then  at  "  The  Narrows,"  a  short  distance 
above  Fort  Clarke. 

The  exact  time  of  the  first  settlement  in  this  township,  like  that  of  Olio,  can- 
not, at  this  date,  be  correctly  ascertained.  There  is  no  definite  record  now 
existing  previous  to  the  settlement  of  Daniel  Meek,  in  1827.  His  brothers 
think,  however,  that  there  were  a  few  families  in  the  Grove  before  the  date  of 
his  coming  there,  but  whom,  or  at  what  time  they  settled  there,  they  are  unable 
to  tell. 

THE    FIRST    JUSTICE    OF    THE    PEACE. 

Daniel  Meek  was  the  first  Justice  of  the  Peace  in  what  is  now  called  Cruger 
Township,  and  was  appointed  to  the  office  in  1829.  He  was  one  of  the  first 
Justices  in  the  territory  now  embraced  in  Woodford  County,  and  exercised  the 
functions  of  the  office  for  twelve  years  or  more  before  the  formation  of  the  county. 
Dr.  James  Mitchell,  a  kind  of  steam  doctor,  as  they  were  called  in  those  days, 
was  the  first  physician  in  this  Township,  and  came  as  early  as  the  year  1835. 
Previous  to  his  advent  into  the  neighborhood,  the  healing  art  Avas  practiced 
mostly  by  the  good  housewives  with  herbs  and  barks. 

The  first  sermon  in  the  tow^n  was  preached  by  Rev.  Peyton  Mitchell,  at  the 
residence  of  Robert  Bird.  He  was  a  Presbyterian  and  preached  for  some  time 
in  the  neighborhood,  about  1833-4.  There  were  no  churches  here  at  this 
earlv  period,  and  all  religious  services  were  held  in  the  peoples  cabins. 

Caroline,  a  daughter  of  Daniel  Meek,  was  the  first  birth  in  Cruger  Township. 
She  was  born  January  15,  1828.  The  first  death  was  that  of  James  Bird,  who 
died  in  1832. 

The  first  marriage  celebration  was  that  of  Hardin  Oatman  and  Wilmorth 
Bird,  in  1835.  They  were  married  by  Rev.  Wm.  Davenport,  who  had  recently 
settled  in  the  neighborhood. 

THE    FIRST    MILLS,    ROADS,    SCHOOLS,    ETC. 

In  the  early  days  of  the  settlement  of  this  toAvn.  the  people  did  their  milling 
at  a  little  horse  mill,  in  what  is  now  Olio  Township,  and  alluded  to  in  that 
pai't  of  this  history.  There  was  also  a  mill  on  Panther  Creek,  near  the  corner 
of  what  is  now  Palestine  Township,  which  was  extensively  patronized  by  the 
Walnut  Grove  people. 

The  first  public  road  through  this  section  was  laid  out  in  1836.  The 
Viewers  were  Daniel  Travis  and  James  McClure.  It  commenced  at  what  was 
known  as  Cruger's  Bridge,  on  Walnut  Creek,  and  extended  to  Washington,  in 
Tazewell  County.  Four  years  later,  the  State  road  from  Lexington  to  Wash- 
ington and  Peoria,  mention  of  which  is  made  in  the  history  of  Olio  Township, 
was  opened  through  this  township.  These  roads  afforded  the  principal  outlets 
of  the  settlers  in  removing  their  grain,  until  the  era  of  railroads. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  315 

William  Hosbor,  mentioned  in  the  general  history  of  Woodford  County  as 
one  of  the  pioneer  school  teachers,  taught  the  first  school  in  what  now  com- 
prises Cruger  Township.  It  was  taught  in  1831,  in  an  old  cabin,  which  stood 
up  near  the  head  of  AValnut  Grove.  His  school  lasted  but  a  short  time,  and 
soon  after  its  suspension  Joshua  Woosley  opened  a  school  near  the  place  where 
Hosbor  bad  taught.  The  first  bouse  built  in  the  neighborhood  for  school  pur- 
poses was  in  1834,  and  was  near  the  spot  where  these  schools  were  taught. 
Children  were  scarcer  here  then  than  now,  the  schools  were  not  very  largely 
attended,  and  the  house  Avas  changed  into  a  dwelling  after  a  few  years'  service 
as  a  school  house. 

When  the  first  settlements  were  made  in  the  territory  of  Cruger  and  Olio 
Townships,  Indians  were  quite  plenty  along  the  Illinois  River^  and  even  about 
Walnut  Grove,  but  were  friendly  and  apparently  harmless.  When  the  Meekses 
came,  in  1830,  there  still  were  many  in  this  neighborhood.  During  the  Winter  of 
the  "  deep  snow,"  they  supplied  the  few  settlers  then  scattered  along  the  Grove 
with  much  of  the  meat  used  through  the  long  period  the  snow  lasted.  Old  Shab- 
bona  came  down  the  next  Summer,  with  his  "little  family,"  and  camped  in 
Walnut  Grove.  But  the  people,  fearing  some  treachery,  drove  him  away,  which 
made  the  old  chief  very  angry. 

THE    BLACK    HAWK    WAR. 

At  the  time  of  the  Black  Hawk  war,  Henry  B.  Meek  was  a  Captain  of  the 

militia.     When  the  news  was  brought  to  him  that  this  noted  warrior  was  at 

Pawpaw  Grove,  on  Rock  River,  with  his  army,  he  was  in  the  field  planting  corn. 

The  order  was  delivered  to  him  from  the   authorities   for  a  certain  number  of 

men,   and,  like  Gen.   Putnam,    when  he  received  the   ncAvs   of   the  battle  of 

Lexington, 

"  The  plow  was  in  the  mid-furrow  staid," 

and,  removing  his  horse  from  the  plow,  and  the  harness  from  the  horse,  "  he 
sped  forth  the  fiery  cross"  to  summon  his  "clans  "  to  the  council.  They  lost 
no  time  in  obeying  the  call,  and  soon  he  was  able  to  muster  the  number  required 
(which,  Ave  believe,  Avas  tAvelve  men),  Avho  Avere  eager  for  the  fray.  He  took 
them  to  Pekin,  turned  them  OA^er  to  the  army  going  to  "the  front."  and  returned 
to  his  corn  planting.  His  squad  Avas  put  under  command  of  Major  Stillman, 
and  had  the  honor  of  participating  in  the  battle  of  PaAvpaw  Grove,  where  the 
"  pale  faces "  were  defeated.  They  Avere  only  enlisted  for  thirty  days,  and 
soon  after  this  battle  their  term  of  service  expired,  when  they  returned  to  their 
homes.  None  of  the  squad  from  the  Walnut  Grove  settlement  Avere  either  killed 
or  Avounded.  A  ludicrous  story  is  told  of  this  little  campaign,  in  Avhich  the 
men  from  the  Grove  Avere  engaged.  The  first  night  after  the  troops  left  Peoria, 
or  Fort  Clarke,  for  the  seat  of  Avar,  they  encamped  but  a  short  distance  from 
the  place.  Sentinels  Avere  posted  and  pickets  throAvn  out  in  true  military  style. 
During  the  night  an  alarm,  which  finally  proved   to  be  false,  Avas  given,  and 


316  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

for  a  time  considerable  confusion  prevailed.  A  Dr.  Langwortliy.  of  Peoria, 
who  was  attached  to  the  armv  as  a  kind  of  suroreon,  had  tethered  his  horse  with 
a  long  rope,  that  he  might  graze  during  the  night.  When  the  alarm  was 
sounded,  the  valiant  doctor  mounted  his  horse,  which  in  his  fright  he  forgot  to 
unloose,  laid  whip  for  dear  life,  and  ran  round  and  round  in  a  circle,  under  the 
imj)ression  that  he  was  rapidly  placing  danger  behind  him.  It  was  soon  discovered 
to  be  a  false  alarm,  when  some  of  the  boys,  taking  in  the  absurdity  of  the 
doctor's  maneuvers,  cut  the  rope,  and,  taking  a  ''bee  line,"  he  came  into 
Peoria  under  whip  and  spur  and  in  a  high  state  of  excitement,  with  the  horrible 
news  that  "  the  troops  had  been  surprised  and  butchered,"  while  he  alone,  by  a 
miracle,  had  escaped  to  tell  the  tale.  When  the  truth  came  out  and  the  true 
state  of  the  case  known,  the  brave  doctor  was  unable  to  endure  the  jeers  of  his 
friends,  and  sought  a  field  undisturbed  bv  the  "horrors  of  war"  and  ''war's 
alaiTQS.' 

THE    PUBLIC    SCHOOLS. 

The  schools  of  this  township  are  well  supported,  and  are  in  a  very  flourish- 
ing condition.  As  a  school  township,  Cruger  embraces  an  equal  portion  in 
Tazewell  County. 

The  total  school  fund  of  the  entire  township,  including  the  part 

not  in  this  county,  is $1,448  41 

Valuation  of  school  property  (half  of  town) 5,300  00 

Amount  paid  male  teachers  (half  of  town) 573  00 

Amount  paid  female  teachers  (half  of  town) 923  00 

Tax  levy  for  support  of  schools  (half  of  town) 1,550  00 

Number  of  males  under  '21  years  fhalf  of  town) 308 

Number  of  females  under  21  years  (half  of  town) 234 

Total  under  21  years 592 

Number  of  males  attending  school  (half  of  townl 175 

Number  of  females  attending  school  (half  of  town) 163 

Total  attending  school  (half  of  town) 338 

Estimated  value  of  school  apparatus $205  00 

There  are  four  school  districts  in  the  Cruger  half  of  the  township,  with  seven 
good,  comfortable  school  houses.  One  of  the  districts  is  in  union  with  Eureka  Dis- 
trict, in  the  township  of  Olio,  and  is  noticed  under  that  head.  The  school  house 
in  Cruger  Village  is  a  substantial  frame  building,  and  cost  $700.  The  early 
record  of  schools,  and  the  history  of  their  first  formation  in  the  township,  belongs 
to  Olio,  of  which  this  was,  until  late  years,  a  part.  M.  E.  Davidson  is  School 
Treasurer,  Supervisor  of  the  Township  and  Justice  of  the  Peace,  and  a  man  of 
considerable  prominence  in  his  neighborhood.  F.  J.  Schreiber  is  Tax  Collector, 
and  furnishes  the  following  : 

Cruger  Township — Personal  tax $1,900  00 

Cruger  Township — Real  tax 3,207  92 

Total  Personal  and  Real $5,107  92 

Town  lots 65  65 

Total  lax  township  and  village $5,173  57 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  317 

Cruger  Township's  political  and  war  record  are  so  nearly  identical  with 
that  of  Olio  Township  that  in  the  one  we  have  the  other,  and  a  recapitulation 
here  would  be  little  else  than  to  repeat  that  history. 

Cruger  has  but  one  church  within  its  limits,  and  it  is  on  the  line  between 
this  and  Metamora  Township,  or  within  twenty  or  thirty  yards  of  the  line.  It 
is  one  of  the  old  churches  of  the  county,  and  known  as  Mount  Zion,  of  the 
Christian  denomination,  and  is  noticed  in  the  general  history. 

ORGANIZATION    OF    CRUGER    TOWNSHIP. 

Cruger  was  detached  from  Olio  Township,  in  the  Fall  of  1860,  by  a  peti- 
tion to  the  Board  of  Supervisors,  and  the  first  election  resulted  as  follows : 
George  Boys,  Supervisor ;  R.  N.  Radford,  Collector ;  Jesse  Meek,  Assessor ; 
Peter  Moyemont,  Town  Clerk  ;  A.  P.  Meek,  R.  C.  Stewart  and  Thomas  Ellis, 
Commissioners  of  Highways ;  John  McPeak  and  John  Kaufman,  Justices  of 
the  Peace  ;  John  Trimmer  and  Lewis  Myers,  Constables  ;  and  on  the  5th  of 
April,  1870,  the  township  was  organized  under  these  officers.  The  petition  for 
this  new  township  was  gotten  up  through  Messrs.  Charles  Kinnear,  Hiram  Par- 
ker, A.  P.  Leonard,  George  Boys,  Jesse  Meek  and  others ;  and  grew  out  of  the 
fact  that,  in  1869,  when  the  expediency  of  building  the  Chicago,  Pekin  & 
Southwestern  Railroad  was  being  pretty  warmly  discussed,  this  part  of  the  town- 
ship bitterly  opposed  the  measure,  while  the  other  section  (now  Olio)  as  strongly 
advocated  it.  The  climax  was  reached  by  the  township  voting  $100,000  stock  to 
the  proposed  road  ;  which,  however,  through  some  technical  illegality,  finally  fell 
through,  and  the  township  afterward  voted  $50,000  to  the  new  road.  But  the 
carrying  of  the  first  vote  afforded  the  pretext  for  petitioning  for  a  separation ; 
the  final  result  of  which  was,  as  above  stated,  the  organization  of  Cruger  Town- 
ship. The  town  took  its  name  from  the  village  of  that  name,  and  of  the  post 
office,  which  likewise  bears  the  same  name. 

The  railroads  through  this  township  are  the  Toledo,  Peoria  &  Warsaw, 
crossing  it  from  east  to  west,  and  the  Chicago,  Pekin  &  Southwestern  Railroad, 
which  crosses  it  diagonally.  A  large  lot  of  grain  and  stock  is  shipped  from 
this  town  over  these  roads,  the  most  of  which,  however,  goes  over  the  Toledo, 
Peoria  &  Warsaw  Railroad. 

CRUGER    VILLAGE. 

This  little  village  is  situated  on  the  Toledo,  Peoria  &  Warsaw  Railroad,  two 
miles  west  of  Eureka.  When  this  village  sprang  into  existence,  it  was  at  the 
terminus  of  the  railroad  then  known  under  the  name  and  title  of  the  Eastern 
Extension  of  the  Peoria  &  Oquawka  Railroad.  It  was  completed  to  this  point  in 
the  Fall  of  1854,  Avhen  the  work  ceased  until  some  time  the  next  year,  and  it  was 
during  this  period  that  the  idea  of  a  village  here  was  conceived  by  the  people  of 
the  vicinity.  The  village  was  laid  out  by  a  man  named  Akers,  who  bought  the 
land  of  Hiram  Parker,  and  was  from   Peoria.     E.  P.  Pratt,  also  from   Peoria, 


318  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

brought  the  first  stock  of  goods  to  the  phice.  which  he  opened  in  one  end  of  a 
grain  warehouse  just  built  by  one  KeHogg.  A  Mr.  King  also  built  a  grain  ware- 
house. A  post  office  was  established.  an<l  William  Flager.  who  was  then  depot 
and  station  agent,  was  made  the  first  Postmaster.  After  the  opening  of  the 
store  by  Pratt,  Charles  Kinnear  brought  on  a  stock  of  goods,  and  after  a  year's 
business  sold  out  to  S.  P.  &  B.  X.  Beels,  and  thev  afterward  sold  to  Marshall 
Davidson.  David  Kinnear  also  had  a  store  here  at  one  time,  and  two  stores  at 
one  time  has  been  the  zenith  of  its  mercantile  trade.  It  has  now  one  general 
store,  owned  by  F.  J.  Schreiber,  who  is  also  Postmaster.  The  grain  trade  is 
represented  by  J.  N.  Harlan  and  John  Metzer,  both  of  whom  do  a  large  business. 
Harlin  was  originally  from  Washington,  and  lives  now  in  Eureka,  but  handles 
grain  at  this  point.  He  owns  a  large  grain  elevator,  which  has  been  made  from 
one  of  the  warehouses  alluded  to,  which  he  bought  for  $700,  and  the  improve- 
ments he  made  to  it  and  the  construction  into  an  elevator,  cost  him,  additionally, 
$2,500.  Its  capacity  is  about  30,000  bushels.  The  railroad  station  house  here 
was  built  by  the  people,  en  masse,  in  1854,  Mr.  Charles  Kinnear  giving  3-00 
toward  its  erection.  A  blacksmith  shop,  kept  by  one  Frank  Schamberg,  and 
one  whisky  saloon,  together  with  what  has  been  already  mentioned,  comprise  the 
present  village.  The  village  took  its  name  from  William  H.  Cruger,  Superinten- 
dent at  that  time  of  the  Toledo,  Peoria  &  Warsaw,  or,  as  then  called,  Extension 
of  the  Peoria  &  Oquawka  Railroad.  He  was  a  man  of  some  prominence  and  took 
an  active  part  in  getting  the  road  through.  When  it  stopped  at  this  point,  and, 
for  the  convenience  of  the  neighborhood  a  station  was  made  here,  the  name  of 
Cruger  was  given  to  it.  Later,  when  this  township  was  detached  from  Olio, 
the  name  was  bestowed  on  the  township,  as  already  mentioned  in  this  chapter. 

OLIO  TOWNSHIP. 

Until  within  the  last  decade  of  years.  Olio  comprised  in  its  territorial  limits 
Cruger  Township,  and  their  histories  are  so  closely  identified  with  each  other 
as  to  render  it  a  somewhat  difficult  task  to  trace  them  separately.  Much  that 
is  of  interest  pertaining  to  the  early  history  of  Woodford  County  occurred  in 
this  section.  Walnut  Grove — through  which  meanders  the  little  creek  of  the 
same  name — is  embraced  in  these  townships,  and  here  tradition  informs  us  some 
of  the  first  settlements  in  the  county  were  made.  ''  The  Grove,"  as  it  is  still 
called,  was  a  grand  old  forest,  mostly  walnut,  whose  friendly  shelter  seemed  to 
lure  the  pioneers  to  the  spot.  Many  of  them  were  from  Kentucky,  where  mighty 
forests,  springs  and  streams  of  running  water  Avere  so  abundant  that  in  the 
locating  of  their  new  homes,  avoiding  the  great  prairies,  they  sought  the  timber 
and  water  courses.  To  them  the  boundless  prairies  were  but  a  dreary  waste, 
afi'ording  no  means  of  subsistence,  nor  any  of  the  requisites  of  comfortable 
homes,  and  thus  it  was  that  the  timbered  sections  were  settled  long  before  a 
pioneer's  hut  marked  the  prairies.     Of  the  particular  circumstances  attending 


HISTORV  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  319 

tli€  separation  from  Olio,  of  Cruger  Township,  a  more  detailed  account  is  given 
in  the  history  of  the  latter. 

Among  the  earliest  settlers  of  Olio  Township  are  William  P.  Atteberi-y, 
Charles,  John  A.  and  Campbell  Moore,  Caleb  and  William  Davidson,  John 
Dowdy,  John  Summers  and  Matthew  Bracken.  Of  these,  Atteberry,  the 
Moores  and  Davidsons  came  from  Kentucky,  and  Bracken  from  Ohio.  Not  one 
of  them  is  now  living. 

Caleb  Davidson  was  born  in  Barren  County,  Kentucky,  and  afterward 
removed  to  Graves  County,  in  what  is  known  in  that  State  as  "•  Jackson's  Pur- 
chase," where  he  became  the  owner  of  considerable  lands.  In  the  Spring  of 
1831,  he  arrived  in  this  portion  of  Woodford  County.  He  was  laid  up  at 
Macoupin's  Point  four  weeks,  on  account  of  the  "  deep  snow,"  already  mentioned 
in  these  pages,  as  occurring  in  1830-31,  as  a  period  from  which  the  old  settlers 
■date  many  events  of  the  county's  early  history,  and  was  forced  to  go  into 
camp  again  on  this  side  of  Springfield,  where  he  remained  six  weeks,  on  account 
of  the  mud,  resulting  from  the  melting  away  of  the  snow,  which  rendered  the 
country  (roads  there  were  none)  almost  impassable,  so  that  he  did  not  arrive  at 
liis  future  home  until  in  May.  He  settled  in  Walnut  Grove,  near  the  present 
line  between  Olio  and  Cruger  Townships,  where  he  bought  a  claim  of  one  Robert 
Bird.  As  already  stated,  he  owned  lands  in  Kentucky,  and  made  several  trips 
back  to  his  old  home,  for  the  purpose  of  looking  after  his  interests  there.  On 
one  of  his  last  visits,  he  sold  200  acres  of  his  Kentucky  land.  He  was  an 
honored  and  respected  citizen,  and  lived  to  a  ripe  old  age,  passing  away  in 
August,  1870.  His  wife  is  still  living,  but  growing  very  feeble  in  health,  and 
doubtless  will  soon  join  the  companion  of  her  earthly  pilgrimage  on  the  other 
shore. 

William  Davidson,  the  father  of  Caleb  Davidson,  was  also  a  native  of  Barren 
County,  Kentucky,  but  removed  with  the  family  to  Graves  County,  where  he 
lived  till  he  came  to  Illinois  in  the  Fall  of  1831.  He  too,  settled  in  Walnut 
Grove,  and  in  what  is  now  Olio  Township.  He  bought  land  and  made  a  per- 
manent settlement,  upon  which  the  remainder  of  his  life  was  passed.  His 
widow,  who  was  a  second  wife,  is  now  living  in  Missouri. 

John  Summers  settled  where  he  now  lives  in  183d.  He  is  one  of  the  few 
remaining  old  settlers  of  Olio  Township.  He  was  first  President  of  the  Old  Set- 
tlers' Society,  an  office  he  held  from  its  organization  until  the  annual  meeting 
of  1877,  when  he  declined  serving  longer.  He  pointed  out  to  us,  on  an  adjoining 
farm,  the  house  in  which  the  first  Court  of  Woodford  County  was  held.  He 
states  that  Hon.  James  A.  McDougal  was  the  first  regular  Commonwealth's 
Attorney,  and  afterward  removed  to  California,  from  which  State  he  was  sent 
to  the  United  States  Senate. 

Thomas  Bullock,  Sr.,  came  from  Woodford  County,  Kentucky,  to  Illinois, 
in  1835,  and  settled  in  Walnut  Grove,  where  all  the  first  settlements  were  made 
in  this  township.     Sprung  from   an  intellectual  family,  a  family  productive  of 


320  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

Statesmen  and  men  of  ability,  he  has  ever  been  a  man  of  weight  and  influence 
in  the  county,  and  one  of  its  leaders  in  politics,  and  in  enterprise  and  improve- 
ment. He  it  was,  who  was  instrumental  in  getting  up  the  project  which  finally 
resulted  in  the  formation  of  Woodford  County,  of  which  event  full  particulars 
are  given  in  the  general  history  of  the  county.  ]Mr.  Bullock  is  still  living  near 
Versailles,  the  original  capital  of  Woodford,  to  some  extent  reconciled  to  the 
greater  power,  or  pressure,  which  wrested  from  his  own  little  village  of  Ver- 
sailles, the  seat  of  justice.  Of  all  the  early  settlers  in  Walnut  Grove,  Mr.  Bul- 
lock is  probably  the  oldest  one  now  living  in  what  is  known  as  Olio  Township. 
These  old  landmarks  are  rapidly  passing  away.  The  few  still  left  are  fluttering 
over  the'dividinfl:  line  between  two  worlds,  and  ere  long  will  be  gone  from  our  sight. 

Isaac  Black  came  to  Walnut  Grove  and  settled  in  what  is  now  in  Olio  Town- 
ship, in  1830,  where  he  has  resided  until  a  few  years  back,  when  he  moved  into 
Eureka,  where  he  still  lives. 

Who  built  the  first  cabin  in  this  township,  and  the  precise  spot  upon  which 
it  w^as  located,  are  among  the  things  past.  Mr.  Henry  B.  Meek,  living  just 
over  the  border  in  Cruger  Township,  where  he  has  spent  the  last  forty-eight 
years,  and  who  made  a  trip  through  this  section  in  1828,  states  that  there  were 
a  few  families  then  living  in  Walnut  Grove,  of  whom  the  Moores,  and  perhaps 
one  or  two  others,  were  in  Olio  Township.  This  is  as  near  and  as  definite  as 
it  is  possible  now  to  come  at  the  first  settlement  of  this  township. 

The  first  mill  in  Olio  Township  was  a  little  horse  mill,  put  up  by  John  A. 
Moore,  and  was  built  in  1828-9.  For  some  time  it  was  the  only  mill  in  the 
neighborhood  where  the  settlers  could  get  meal.  Flour  was  a  luxury  almost,  if 
not  wholly,  unattainable. 

The  first  store  was  opened  at  Versailles,  about  1838.  by  Durritt  &  Calloway, 
and  did  quite  an  extensive  business  for  a  sparsely  settled  country.  Other  stores 
were  opened,  and  other  branches  of  business  inaugurated  which  go  to  make  up  a 
town.  A  post  oflfice  was  established,  and  a  Mr.  King  became  the  first  Post- 
master. He  was  soon  succeeded  by  Benjamin  Kelley,  who  kept  it  for  several 
years.  Versailles  was  now  quite  a  flourishing  place,  and  when,  in  1841,  Wood- 
ford County  was  organized,  she  became  the  seat  of  justice,  and  thus  attained 
the  zenith  of  her  prosperity.  Other  towns  sprung  up,  and,  in  1843,  the  county 
seat  was  removed  to  Metamora.  Business  men  left  for  better  locations,  the 
town  was  almost  deserted  and  its  glory  departed  forever. 

There  is  a  church  in  the  village  belonging  to  the  Christian  denomination,  a 
handsome  little  edifice,  and  is  in  a  prosperous  condition.  There  was  a  Metho- 
dist church  here  at  one  time,  but  it  has  been  moved  over  on  Panther  Creek, 
and  is  mentioned  in  the  history  of  Palestine  Township.  There  is  also  a  good 
comfortable  school  house.  These,  Avith  a  blacksmith  shop,  and  two  or  three 
families,  who  live  within  the  original  corporation,  are  all  that  remains  of  Versailles. 
The  post  office  has  long  ago  been  discontinued,  and  the  last  vestige  of  Ver- 
sailles is  lost  in  her  own  ruins,  while  her  place  on  the  map  is  blotted  out. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  321 

Matthew  Bracken  was  the  first  Justice  of  the  Peace  in  what  is  now  Olio 
Township,  and  was  appointed  to  the  office  in  1835.  Ben.  Majoi",  who  insisted 
on  being  called  Ben,  and  who  always  wrote  his  name  Ben  instead  of  Benjamin, 
was  a  sort  of  doctor,  and  practiced  the  healing  art  to  some  extent.  He  is  sup- 
posed to  be  the  first  physician  in  the  township.  Doctors  were  not  so  plentiful 
in  those  days  as  at  the  present,  and  all  who  possessed  medical  skill  were  often 
called  on  to  exercise  it. 

Rev.  John  Oatman,  of  the  denomination  of  Christians,  who  came  to  the 
township  in  1830,  was  the  first  preacher  of  the  Gospel ,  and  preached  the  first 
sermon  in  what  is  now  Olio  Township.  There  were  no  churches  here  at  thaf 
day ;  and  until  the  churches  were  built  in  Eureka,  religious  services  were  held 
at  the  residences  of  the  neighbors,  and  at  the  school  houses. 

The  first  child  born  in  the  township  was  Jefterson  Dowdy,  a  son  of  John 
and   Eliza    Dowdy,  and  was  born    in   1829. 

The  first   death  was  this  child's  mother,  who  died  a  few  months  after  his 
birth. 

Joseph  Oatman  was  the  first  in  the  toAvnship  to  take  to  himself  a  helpmeet. 

He  went  to  Dry  Grove,  in  McLean  County  for  his  bride,  whose  name  is 
now  forgotten,  and  they  were  married  in  1833. 

At  that  early  period,  the  settlers  were  not,  it  seems,  thoroughly  versed  in 
the  manner  of  putting  up  and  preserving  corn,  so  that  it  would  make  good  seed 
the  next  year,  and,  as  a  consequence,  good  "seed  corn"  was  often  an  object 
much  sought  after.  Oatman,  when  courting  his  bride,  and  in  order  to  secure 
his  acceptance  by  his  lady  love,  circulated  the  stor}^  broadcast  that  his  father 
had  a  thousand  bushels  of  "  prime  seed  corn." 

In  the  days  when  Versailles  was  a  flourishing  village,  there  was  a  few  miles 
distant,  in  what  is  now  Palestine  Township,  a  village  called  Bowling  Green, 
that  was  quite  a  flourishing  place,  and  did  as  good  a  business  as  the  former.  As 
is  usual  in  such  cases,  there  existed,  of  course,  considerable  jealousy  between 
the  two  places,  and  neither  lost  an  opportunity  to  play  a  prank  on  the  other,  or 
to  indulge  in  any  petty  annoyance  that  might  suggest  itself.  There  was  a  doctor 
in  Versailles  at  the  time  who  was  rather  active  in  all  the  proceedings.  One  day 
a  young  man  from  Bowling  Gi'een  was  at  Versailles,  when  several  of  the  latter's 
people  caught  him,  and  insisted  that  he  had  the  toothache  and  that  the  doctor 
must  take  out  the  tooth.  Notwithstanding  his  protestations  to  the  contrary,  the 
doctor,  while  the  others  held  him,  extracted  the  boy's  tooth.  When  this  came 
to  the  ears  of  the  Bowling  Greenites,  it  excited  their  indignation  to  the  highest 
pitch.  They  swore  big  oaths,  and  a  great  many  of  them,  and  that  dire  ven- 
geance they  would  have.  They  came  up,  and  a  pitched  battle  was  the  result. 
The  offending  doctor  was  knocked  down  and  nearly  killed,  but  escaping  from 
the  clutches  of  the  infuriated  mob,  he  fled  from  the  place  and  never  returned. 
The  fight  closed  with  several  bloody  noses  and  broken  heads,  but  without  any 
very  serious  damage. 


322  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

In  1840,  the  State  road  from  Lexington  to  Peoria,  by  way  of  Washington, 
which  was  th^  first  public  road  through  this  township,  was  laid  out,  and  for 
years  it  was  a  great  thoroughfjire  of  travel,  before  it  was  superseded  by  rail- 
roads. In  1854-5,  the  Toledo.  Peoria  k  Warsaw  Railroad  was  put  through 
the  township,  and  the  road  wagons,  transporting  wheat,  oats  and  corn  to  Peoria 
and  Chicago,  over  country  roads,  ceased  forever.  A  few  years  ago,  the  Chicago. 
Pekin  &  Southwestern  Railroad  was  built.  Avhich  touches  one  coi-ner  of  Olio 
Township,  and  thus  gives  her  people  another  outlet  to  the  great  cities,  and  the 
benefit  of  competing  lines  of  road  and  a  reduction  of  rates.  This  subject, 
"however,  is  noticed  more  fully  in  the  general  county  history. 

The  school  facilities  of  Olio  are  equal,  perhaps,  to  any  in  the  State.  The 
first  school  taught  in  the  township  was  about  1837,  by  M.  Bullock,  and  was 
taught  in  a  little  cabin  near  the  present  limits  of  Eureka.  The  cabin,  like 
many  other  of  the  old  landmarks,  has  long  since  disappeared,  and  a  number  of 
elegant  frame  school  houses,  of  modern  style,  serve  the  town  for  educational 
purposes.  The  early  records  oT  schools  have  either  been  destroyed  or  mislaid. 
The  present  Treasurer,  Mr.  M  Pifer,  has  no  records  in  his  possession  beyond 
I860,  and  those  are  chiefly  of  the  financial  transactions  of  the  town,  and  con- 
tain nothing  of  any  special  interest.  From  the  last  report  to  the  County 
Superintendent  of  Schools,  for  1877,  we  glean  the  following : 

Number  of  males  in  township  under  21 399 

Number  of  females  in  township  under  21 382 

Total 781 

Number  of  males  in  township  between  6  and  21 291 

Number  of  females  in  township  between  6  and  21 253 

Total 544 

Number  of  males  attending  school 272 

Number  of  females  attemling  school 232 

Total 504 

Number  of  male  teachers  employed 10 

Number  of  female  teachers  employed 8 

Total 18 

Number  of  graded  schools  in  township 1 

Number  of  ungraded  schools  in  township 8 

Total  number  of  public  schools  sustained  in  Township 9 

Principal  of  township  fund $3,456.66 

Amount  of  tax  levy  for  support  of  schools 4,360.00 

Amount  paid  male  teachers 32,535.05 

Amount  paid  female  teachers 1,696.65 

Total  amount  paid  teachers §4  231.70 

Estimated  value  of  school  property 85,175.00 

Estimated  value  of  school  apparatus 100.00 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  328 

The  public  schools  will  be  noticed  further  in  connection  with  the  schools  of 
Eureka  Village. 

Politically,  Olio  Township  is  pretty  well  and  e([ually  divided,  with  a  major- 
ity of,  perhaps,  a  dozen  or  two  Democratic.  So  evenly  are  they  divided,  that 
strongly-contested  races  are  doubtful,  and  usually  result  in  favor  of  the  best 
wire-puller. 

J.  M.  Murray,  of  Eureka,  is  Supervisor  of  Olio  Township,  and  has  held  the 

office  for  three  years  past.      T.  A.  Dunn  is  Tax  Collector,  and  furnishes  us  the 

following;  from  the  tax  book  of  1877  : 

Personal  tax  for  1877 $  5,431.11 

Real  tax  for  1877 10.948.22 

Total  personal  and  real $16,379. ;^8 

Of  which  amount  the  railroad  tax  is ' 4,106.54 

Olio,  as  a  political  township,  is  known  as  Township  26  north,  Range  1  we.st. 
The  war  record  of  the  township  is  highly  honorable,  and  the  zeal  exercised  in 
furnishing  troops  relieved  her  of  drafts,  with  one  exception,  when  some  half  dozen 
were  drafted.  Further  reference  will  be  made  to  the  war  record  of  the  town  in 
the  history  of 

THE    CITY    OF    EUREKA. 

Though  still  under  village  organization.  Eureka  is  usually  termed  a  city, 
and  its  population  estimated  at  about  two  thousand  inhabitants,  exclusive  of 
college  students.  It  is  beautifully  situated  on  high,  rolling  ground,  at  the 
crossing  of  the  Toledo,  Peoria  &  Warsaw  and  the  Chicago,  Pekin  k  South- 
western Railroads,  about  twenty  miles  east  of  the  city  of  Peoria.  It  was  sur- 
veyed and  laid  out  in  1855-6  for  Mr.  John  Darst,  one  of  its  most  enterprising 
citizens.  The  survey  was  commerced  by  A.  S.  Fisher,  but  finished  by  a  Mr. 
Perry,  whose  name  alone  appears  in  the  records  as  the  surveyor.  The  present 
corporate  limits  of  Eureka  are  two  miles  north  and  south,  and  one  mile  east  and 
west.  It  is  Avell  shaded  by  grand  old  forest  trees,  whose  hoary  appearance 
would  indicate  that  they  had  withstood  the  storms  and  tempests  of  centuries, 
while  many  of  the  more  ornamental  trees  and  shrubs  emborder  the  streets  and 
dooryards.  There  are  many  elegant  residences,  with  finely  ornamented  grounds 
and  gardens,  well  laid  out  streets  and  handsome  churches  in  the  town,  and  the 
business  houses  are  rather  better  than  in  the  average  towns  of  its  size.  No  whisky 
saloons,  nor  even  a  billiard  hall,  with  their  attendant  evils,  disturb  the  quiet  of 
the  ])lace.  The  public  square  is  a  beautiful  little  park  of  about  one  acre  of 
ground  in  the  business  center,  and  enclosed  by  a  substantial  fence.  It  is  well 
set  in  grass,  with  a  number  of  young  maples  and  other  handsome  shade  trees, 
and  a  few  giant  oaks  towering-  above  them  in  their  mightv  grandeur.  The  first 
houses  in  the  village  were  built  in  the  vicinity  of  the  college,  which  is  near  the 
southern  limits. 

About  the  year  1854,  a  Mr.  Sterritt  opened  a  store  near  "  the  academy" 
(now  Eureka  College),  where  the  school  boys  used  to  congregate  and  vie  with 


324  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

each  other  in  eating  candy  and  fruits.  Dr.  J.  L.  Springate  opened  a  drug 
store  about  the  same  time,  and  was  the  first  in  the  village,  which  at  that  date 
was  called  Walnut  Grove,  after  the  academy,  which  bore  the  same  name.  He 
was  the  first  regularly  located  physician,  and  practiced  his  profession  in  the 
village  and  vicinity  for  years.  Dr.  J.  M.  Allen  commenced  the  practice  of 
medicine  a  short  time  before  Springate,  but  soon  became  a  minister  of  the 
Gospel,  when  he  gave  up  medicine.  He  is  now  a  professor  of  Latin  and  En 
glish  literatui'e  in  Eureka  College.  Dr.  Springate,  after  many  years'  labor, 
sold  out  and  removed  to  Louisville,  Ky.,  where  he  at  present  resides. 

The  first  post  office  in  AValnut  Grove  village  was  established  in  1850,  and 
A.  M.  Fisher,  then  Principal  of  the  academy,  Avas  appointed  the  first  Post- 
master. The  mail  was  carried  on  horseback  to  Metamora  once  a  week.  After- 
ward, a  daily  mail  was  established  between  this  place  and  Kappa,  on  the 
Illinois  Central  Railroad,  but  was  very  irregular,  and  mail  facilities  somewhat 
uncertain,  until  the  completion  of  the  Toledo,  Peoria  &  Warsaw  Railroad  to  this 
j)oint,  when  the  office  was  moved  over  in  the  vicinity  of  its  present  location.  A 
Mr.  Myers  was  commissioned  Postmaster  in  1861  by  Mr.  Lincoln,  but  subse- 
({uently  removed  by  Andrew  Johnson.  He  Avas  re-appointed  b}^  Gen.  Grant, 
and  held  the  office  until  his  death,  in  1874.  It  was  then  transferred  to  his 
widow,  who  is  the  present  Postmistress. 

The  first  blacksmith  shop  in  the  old  village  of  Walnut  Grove  Avas  opened  by 
one  Wilson  HathaAvay,  about  the  year  1854,  and  a  wagon  shop,  by  Z.  Stock, 
about  the  same  time.  A  boarding  house  was  built  in  1851,  capable  of  accom- 
modating forty  or  fifty  students,  other  business  came,  and  Walnut  Grove  was 
quite  a  flourishing  little  place.  But  when  the  Toledo,  Peoria  &  WarsaAv  Rail- 
road Avas  put  through,  in  1856,  and  the  citizens  succeeded  in  getting  a  station 
here,  Avhich  Avas  finally  accomplished  ■  over  a  strong  opposition  from  Cruger 
Station,  a  fcAv  miles  Avest,  the  old  village  Avas  moA^ed  over  nearer  the  railroad. 
The  place  rapidly  increased  in  population  and  business,  and  the  inhabitants, 
bearing  in  mind  their  late  struggle  for  a  railroad  station,  and  in  remembrance 
of  the  exclamation  of  their  ancient  philosopher,  christened  their  ncAv  village 
Eureka,  a  name  it  still  bears. 

The  first  storehouse  in  Eureka  proper  Avas  built  in  1855,  by  R.  M.  Clark, 
on  the  northAvest  corner  of  College  and  First  streets,  where  T.  A  Dunn's  brick 
store  now  stands.  The  first  tavern  Avas  built  by  A.  M.  Myers,  and  is  still  the 
leading  hotel  of  Eureka,  and  stands  near  the  corner  of  the  public  sijuare.  It  is 
noAv  owned  by  John  W.  Karr,  of  Peoria,  and  is  leased  and  run  by  Alexander 
Blair. 

The  Eureka  Mills  Avere  built  in  1856,  by  a  stock  company  consisting  of 
John  Darst,  John  Major,  E.  B.  Myers,  George  Callender  and  W.  S.  Bullock, 
at  a  cost  of  about  $18,000.  Originally  a  saAv  mill  Avas  operated  in  connection 
Avith  the  flouring-mill,  but  this  branch  of  the  business  has  long  since  been 
discontinued.     The  mill  building  is  a  large  and  substantial  frame,  and  has  in  it 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  825 

most  excellent  machinery,  together  with  three  run  of  burrs.  Mr.  J.  A.  Davis,  a 
banker  of  Eureka,  bought  one-half  of  the  mill  in  1861,  and  was  for  matiy  years 
its  general  manager.  He  made  considerable  improvements  and  put  in  additional 
machinery,  which,  added  to  the  original  cost,  raised  its  value  to  about  $25,000. 
Mr.  Davis  finally  bought  the  remaining  half,  and  in  December,  1877,  sold  it  to 
R.  B.  Chi'itton,  who  is  the  present  owner  and  proprietor. 

The  Orient  Mills  were  built  by  Adams  &  Vandyke,  about  1867-8,  at  a  cost 
of  $18,000.  It  is  a  large  frame  building  with  three  runs  of  burrs,  and  is  doing 
a  good  business.     The  present  owners  are  Vandyke  &  Gift. 

The  large  grain  elevator  of  J.  M.  Murray  Avas  built  in  1863,  and  cost  about 
^5,000.  Additions  were  made  to  it  in  1877,  which  cost  |1,000  more.  It  is  a 
strong  frame  54x30  feet,  and  has  a  capacity  of  30,000  bushels.  Mr.  Murray 
deals  extensively  in  grain,  and  handles  annually  something  near  a  half  million 
bushels  of  corn,  oats  and  rye,  but  mostly  of  corn  and  oats.  Wheat  is  not  raised 
to  a  great  extent,  and  what  is  produced  is  bought  chiefly  by  the  mills.  He  is 
the  only  grain  dealer  of  any  note  in  the  place.  There  are  two  warehouses, 
originally  built  for  grain  purposes,  but  the  owners  of  them  have  gone  out  of  the 
business,  and  Mr.  Murray  has  the  grain  trade  mostly  to  himself. 

The  Bank  of  Eureka  commenced  business  under  the  firm  name  of  J.  A. 
Davis  &  Co.,  in  June,  1868,  and  their  first  banking  house  was  in  the  Eureka 
Mills.  In  1871,  Mr.  Davis"  partner  left  rather  abruptly  and  unceremoniously, 
since  which  time  it  has  been  oAvned  by  J.  A.  Davis  alone.  It  is  the  only  bank 
in  Eureka,  and  occupies  commodious  rooms  in  one  of  the  elegant  brick  blocks  in 
the  business  center  of  the  town. 

The  Eureka  Journal  issued  its  first  sheet  on  the  lOth  of  December,  1867, 
and  was  called  the  Woodford  Journal.  It  was  established  l)y  John  W.  Karr, 
and  has,  since  its  first  organization,  passed  through  several  hands.  In  April, 
1874,  it  was  purchased  by  R.  W.  Radford,  who  has  owned  it  ever  since.  It  has 
entered  upon  the  eleventh  volume,  and  is  one  of  the  flourishing  papers  of  Wood- 
ford County. 

The  Eureka  College  Messenger  is  a  monthly,  four-page  paper,  edited  and 
published  by  Prof.  A.  S.  Fisher,  who  for  many  years  was  connected  with 
the  Eureka  College.  The  Messenger  is  devoted  chiefly  to  the  interests  of  the 
college ;  is  ably  conducted  and  has  reached  its  second  volume. 

Eureka  was  organized  as  a  village  in  1859.  An  election  was  held  on  the 
4th  day  of  April  of  that  year,  for  the  purpose  of  electing  a  Board  of  Village 
Trustees,  with  the  following  result :  C.  L.  Wellman,  J.  R.  Burton,  R.  M.  Clark, 
Sam'l  Stitt  and  A.  S.  Fisher.  A.  M.  Myers  was  elected  Police  Magistrate, 
and  Z.  Stock,  Constable.  The  Board  organized  for  business  by  electing  R.  M. 
Clark,  President,  and  A.  S.  Fisher,  Clerk.  Eureka  is  still  under  this  mode  of 
government ;  although  it  has  sufiicient  population  to  admit  of  its  being  incorpo- 
rated as  a  city,  no  move  has  been  made  to  that  effect.  The  present  Board  of 
Trustees  is  as  follows  :     C.  T.  Coleson,  L.   C.   Darst,  J.   M.   Saddler,   G.   W. 


326  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

Lewis,  and  W.  S.  Allen.  The  President  of  the  Board  is  G.  W.  Lewis,  and  C. 
T.  Coleson,  Clerk ;  A.  S.  Fisher  is  Police  Magistrate,  and  J.  G.  Woods, 
Constable. 

The  religious  denominations  are  represented  in  Eureka  by  the  Christian, 
Methodist  and  Presbyterian  societies,  who  have  each  good,  comfortable  church 
buildings.  The  oldest  of  these  organizations,  and  wdiich  is  the  oldest  church 
organization  in  the  Township,  and  one  of  the  oldest  in  Woodford  County,  is 

The  Christian  Church. — This  society  was  organized  in  1832,  and  the  origi- 
nal members  were :  Elder  John  Oatman  and  wife,  Daniel  Travis  and  wife. 
James  Bird  and  wife  and  Joshua  Woosley.  The  first  Pastor  was  Elder  John 
Oatman,  already  mentioned  as  the  first  preacher  of  Olio  Township.  Their  first 
house  ^  of  worship  was  a  frame  building,  32x45  feet,  and  was  erected  by  the 
members,  in  1847.  "Uncle"  Joseph  Meek,  as  he  is  familiarly  called  by 
everybody,  furnished  nearly  all  of  the  timbers  himself;  others  contributed  lum- 
ber and  such  material  as  was  required  in  the  building,  while  others  still  added 
their  labor.  The  officers,  in  addition  to  the  Pastor,  Elder  John  Oatman.  were 
Daniel  Travis  and  Joshua  Woosley,  Deacons.  Until  the  building  of  this  church, 
religious  services  Avere  held  at  the  residences  of  the  neighbors,  in  the  groves 
and  the  school  houses.  In  1834-5,  many  families  came  from  Kentucky  and 
settled  in  Walnut  Grove.  Among  them,  Rev.  William  Davenport,  Ben. 
Major  and  Elijah  Dickinson,  who  united  with  the  society,  and  it  became  the 
strong  church  of  this  section  of  the  country.  Elder  Davenport  was  for  a  time 
the  principal  preacher,  and  was  a  man  of  much  power  and  influence.  Elders  J. 
H.  Lindsay  and  Alexander  Reynolds  held  a  protracted  meeting  in  the  Summer 
of  1836,  in  which  sixty  additions  were  made  to  the  church.  The  revival  ex- 
tended to  Little  Mackinaw,  and  no  such  religious  awakening  had  ever  before 
been  knoAvn  in  this  primitive  settlement. 

To  follow  this  pioneer  church  through  all  the  changing  scenes  of  its  event- 
ful history  would  occupy  more  space  than  we  can  devote  to  it  in  this  volume. 
Suffice  it  to  say,  that  the  almost  '"howling  wilderness,"  'mid  which  she  planted 
the  banner  of  the  Cross,  has  "  blossomed  as  the  rose,"  and  the  generation  which 
greeted  her  at  her  organization  lives  not  to  greet  her  to-day.  A  few,  it  may  be, 
still  remain,  but  they  are  standing,  as  it  were,  on  the  brink  of  the  grave.  Some 
years  ago,  the  society  erected  a  handsome  brick  church,  the  size  and  cost  of 
which  we  were  unable  to  learn.  It  is,  however,  one  of  the  most  elegant 
churches  in  the  county,  and  numbers  upon  its  records  nearly  500  members. 

The  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  Society  was  first  organized  in  1858, 
under  the  spiritual  ministrations  of  Rev.  Zedick  Hall,  mentioned  in  the  general 
history  of  the  county  as  one  of  the  pioneer  preachers.  The  church  was  built  in 
1862,  at  a  cost  of  $4,000,  and  is  a  substantial  frame  building,  36x50  feet,  with 
a  vestibule  fifteen  feet  in  width.  The  church  has  a  membership  of  125,  and 
the  Rev.  E.  McClish  is  Pastor.  The  present  Board  of  Trustees  are  Messrs.  M. 
T.  Hedges,  H.  S.  Reynolds,  S.  Wright,  David  Perrine  and  Dr.  J.  T.  Rosenburg. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  327 

The  Presbyterian  Church  organized  their  society  iii  Eureka,  in  1868,  and 
Rev.  Mr.  Hart  became  the  first  Pastor.  They  built  their  church  edifice  in 
1875,  which  is  a  very  elegant  frame  building,  30x60  feet,  and  a  vestibule  of 
twelve  feet  at  front  entrance.  It  cost  |4,000,  and  was  dedicated  on  the  9th 
day  of  October,  1875.  The  society  now  numbers  some  eighty  members,  and  is 
under  the  spiritual  charge  of  Rev.  M.  P.  Ormsby.  The  present  Elders  are 
Messrs.  J.  M.  Murray,  A.  B.  Holferty,  John  Shaw  and  John  Summers. 

W.  C.  Hobbs  Lodge,  No.  306,  A.,  F.  &  A.  M.,  was  organized  under  dis- 
pensation, January  15,  1859.  John  PI.  Anthony  was  the  first  Master,  and 
John  F.  Lightcap  the  first  Secretary.  It  was  chartered  October  5,  1859,  and 
their  charter  is  signed  by  A.  W.  Buck,  Grand  Master,  and  H.  G.  Reynolds, 
Grand  Secretary.  At  present,  the  Lodge  has  forty- eight  members;  E.  W. 
Dickinson  is  Master,  and  T.  A.  Dunn,  Secretary. 

The  society  of  Odd  Fellows  is  represented  by  Olio  Lodge,  No.  311,  but 
we  were  unable  to  learn  any  particulars  in  regard  to  its  organization.  R.  H. 
McCorkle  is  the  present  N.  G.,  and  J.  J.  Hamilton,  Secretary.  The  Order 
had  an  Encampment  here  at  one  time,  but  it  has  been  discontinued. 

In  the  late  war  Eureka  was  well  represented,  both  in  officers  and  private 
soldiers,  and  their  record  will  bear  favorable  comparison  with  that  of  any  of  the 
brave  men  who  went  forth  from  the  State  of  Illinois,  at  their  country's  call.  The 
history  of  the  Eleventh  Cavalry,  the  Seventeenth  and  One  Hundred  and  Eighth 
Regts.  of  Vol.  Infantry,  chronicle  their  deeds  upon  many  hard-fought  fields.  CoL 
B.  D.  Meek  went  into  the  field  as  Lieutenant  Colonel  of  the  Eleventh  Cavalry, 
under  the  brave  Ingersoll,  of  Peoria.  When  Col.  Ingersoll  was  captured  and 
sent  home  on  parole,  Col.'  Meek  succeeded  to  the  command  of  the  regiment  until 
September,  1863,  when  he  resigned  and  returned  home. 

On  the  roll  of  Company  G,  Seventeenth  Volunteer  Infantry,  we  find  the 
names  0.  A.  Burgess,  Captain,  and  Harvey  J.  Rowell,  First  Lieutenant.  The 
latter  is  now  an  eminent  lawyer  at  Bloomington,  111. 

Dr.  R.  A.  Conover  was  First  Assistant  Surgeon  of  the  One  Hundred  and 
Eighth  Regiment  of  Volunteers ;  W.  A.  Davidson,  Second  Lieutenant,  and  R. 
0.  Lough,  Orderly  Sergeant.  The  last  two  mentioned  belonged  to  Company 
E,  the  Color  Company  of  the  regiment,  which  was  recruited  by  Major  Sidwell, 
of  Metamora. 

Many  of  the  rank  and  file  of  these  regiments  went  from  Eureka,  and, 
would  space  permit,  we  might  portray  many  stirring  scenes  in  which  the  brave 
boys  participated.  But  their  battles  have  been  fought,  victory  has  crowned 
their  arms,  and  the  history  of  their  valiant  deeds  are  engraved  upon  the  hearts 
of  their  countrymen. 

The  Eureka  Guards,  Captain  Hedge,  is  a  military  organization  of  which  the 
village  is  quite  proud. 

The  medical  fraternity  of  Eureka  is  represented  by  Doctors  N.  B.  Craw- 
ford,   F.   J.   Rosenburg   and   Litchtenberger,  who   are    able    and    experienced 


328  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  * 

physicians.     Drs.  Lakin   and  Messier  are  first-class  dentists ;  and  the  leading 
law  firm  is  Messrs.  Briggs  &  Meek. 

An  interesting  feature  in  connection  with  the  history  of  Eureka  is  the  nur- 
sery of  Mr.  A.  S.  Fisher ;  every  species  of  fruit  trees  adapted  to  this  climate, 
evergreens,  ornamental  trees  of  various  kinds,  hedge  plants,  grapes,  strawber- 
ries, etc.,  etc.,  are  cultivated  in  abundance.  Mr.  Fisher  has  a  large  nursery 
and  devotes  considerable  time  to  the  selection  and  growing  of  his  trees  and 
plants. 

As  a  mercantile  town,  Eureka  makes  no  pretensions  beyond  a  retail  busi- 
ness. All  departments  of  the  retail  trade  are  well  represented,  and  the  town 
can  boast  of  many  energetic,  honorable  and  enterprising  business  men,  of  whom 
any  place  might  well  be  proud,  and  we  leave  the  subject  with  this  tribute  to 
their  merit. 

A.  S.  Fisher,  who  taught  the  first  permanent  school  within  the  present 
boundaries  of  the  village  of  Eureka,  and  who  is  one  of  the  village's  earliest 
citizens,  came  from  Ohio  with  his  father,  in  1828,  Avhen  a  boy  but  five  years  of 
age.     His  father  settled  in  Tazewell  County,  near  the  present  line  of  Woodford. 

The  site  of  this  village  and  the  country  known  as  Walnut  Grove  was  then 
but  one  great  hunting  ground,  with  here  and  there  a  cabin  of  some  hardy  pio- 
neer, who,  like  Daniel  Boone,  has  wearied  of  the  more  thickly  inhabited  States, 
and  sought  solitude  in  the  western  wilderness. 

In  the  Fall  of  1848,  Mr.  Fisher  opened  a  school  near  the  southern  limits  of 
the  present  town  of  Eureka,  of  a  higher  grade  than  the  common  schools.  A 
similar  enterprise  had  been  commenced  the  pervious  year  by  Miss  Susan  Jones, 
a  daughter  of  Elder  John  T.  Jones,  but  was  short  lived,  and  this  school  begun 
by  Prof.  Fisher,  in  1848,  was  really  the  germ  from  which  finally  originated 

EUREKA    COLLEGE. 

This  college  was  chartered  in  1855,  and  has  been  in  uninterrupted  operation 
for  nearly  twenty-three  years.  It  is  under  the  auspices  of  the  Christian  Dis. 
ciples  of  Illinois,  more  familiarly  known  as  the  Christian  Church.  Before 
obtaining  the  charter,  the  institution  had  been  known  for  several  years  as  Wal- 
nut Grove  Academy,  and  this  itself  had  originated  from  the  seminary  of  Prof. 
Fisher  above  alluded  to.     At  a  convention   of  the  Christian  Disciples,  held  at 

xAbingdon,  in  September,  1852,  the  following  was  adopted : 

Whereas,  The  Walnut  Grove  Academy,  now  under  the  control  of  a  Board  of  Trustees,  organ- 
ized under  the  general  law  of  Illinois,  which  has  been  in  successful  operation  for  the  last  four  years, 
taught  by  Prof.  A.  S.  Fisher,  Principal  of  Department  of  Mathematics,  and  John  Lindsey,  A.  B., 
Principal  of  the  Department  of  Languages,  and  which  is  the  only  regularly  organized  institution 
of  learning  among  our  brethren  in  the  State  ;  and 

Whereas,  said  institution  proposes  to  educate  young  men  for  the  ministry,  free  of  tuition 
fees,  therefore, 

Resolved.  That  we  commend  to  the  brethren  in  Illinois  this  institution,  and  urge  upon  them 
to  foster  it  by  sending  their  sons  and  daughters,  and  donating  to  its  library,  apparatus,  and  rais- 
ing such  means  as  may  enable  the  Trustees  to  place  it  upon  a  sure  and  permanent  basis,  and  be 
recognized  as  the  institution  for  the  brethren  of  the  State. 


ATTYAT  LAW  EUREKA  ^ // 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  331 

As  pertinent  to  tliis  part  of  the  subject,  we  take  the  following  extract  from 
the  Eureka  College  Messenger,  a  paper  published  by  Prof.  Fisher.  Referring 
to  the  resolution  adopted  at  Abingdon,  the  editor  says:  "  The  authorities  of 
Walnut  Grove  Academy  at  once  commenced  work  under  that  Abingdon  reso- 
lution, and  pushed  forward  their  work  with  some  degree  of  energy.  The  result 
was  the  securing  a  liberal  college  charter,  the  organization  of  Eureka  College, 
the  erection  of  a  more  substantial  and  commodious  college  edifice,  and  a  con- 
tinued series  of  regular  college  sessions,  from  the  first  organization  in  the  Fall 
of  1856,  to  the  present  time,  passing,  without  suspension,  the  terrible  financial 
convulsion  of  1857,  the  still  more  terrible  shock  of  revolution  in  1861  and  1862, 
the  ever  memorable  crisis  of  1873,  and  the  gradual  increasing  depression  of 
business  all  over  the  country,  even  down  to  the  present  time.  Thousands  of 
students,  young  men  and  young  women,  have  been  received  within  these  walls, 
have  received  liberal  training  for  good,  and  have  gone  forth  into  the  wide  world 
to  do  battle  for  themselves  and  humanity." 

"This  enterprise,"  concludes  the  editor,  "that  first  began  to  assume  form 
and  shape  in  an  humble  log  cabin,  standing  near  the  eastern  terminus  of  what 
is  now  called  Conover  avenue,  as  early  as  the  year  1847,  under  the  care  of  the 
venerable  John  T.  Jones,  that  was  revived  in  the  small  frame  house,  nestled 
among  the  under!)rush  and  brambles,  at  the  roadside,  near  the  present  cemetery 
of  Eureka,  in  the  Fall  of  1848,  has  an  unwritten  history,  which  none  but  its 
founders,  who  have  stood  by  it  through  evil  report  and  good  report,  can  ever 
appreciate.  Its  career  has  been  one  of  success,  but  not  of  that  flattering  kind 
which  the  world  regards  as  a  grand  success." 

When  the  school  was  organized  under  the  college  charter.  Elder  William 
Brown,  of  Springfield,  became  the  first  President.  Upon  his  resignation,  Prof. 
C.  L.  Loos  was  chosen,  who  administered  affairs  for  one  year,  and  returned  to 
Bethany.  The  Presidents  in  order  from  time  have  been :  George  Callender, 
B.  W.  Johnson,  H.  W.  Everest,  A.  M.  Weston  and  B.  J.  Radford. 

The  following  are  at  present  members  of  the  Faculty :  B.  J.  Radford,  A. 
M.,  President,  and  Professor  of  Philosophy  and  Sacred  Literature ;  J.  M. 
Allen,  A.  M.,  Professor  of  Latin  and  English  Literature;  D.  M.  Blair,  A.  M., 
Professor  of  Greek  ;  James  Kirk,  A.  M.,  Professor  of  Natural  Sciences ;  E. 
W.  Dickinson,  A.  M.,  Professor  of  Mathematics ;  Charles  Johann,  Professor  of 
Modern  Languages ;  J.  W.  Metcalf,  Professor  of  Vocal  and  Instrumental 
Music ;  G.  W.  Reynolds,  Principal  of  Commercial  Department ;  C.  W.  Camp- 
bell, Teacher  of  Painting  and  Drawing;  D.  M.  Blair,  Librarian  and  Curator 
of  Museum.  These  gentlemen  are  of  large  experience,  and  their  reputation  as 
teachers  is  a  guarantee  that  the  work  will  be  kept  up  to  the  high  standard  which 
has  given  Eureka  College  an  enviable  reputation  among  the  temples  of  learn- 
ing and  of  the  Christian  brotherhood  everywhere. 

The  institution  numbers  among  her  Alumni  many  of  the  foi'emost  men  of 
the  country  in  all  the  walks  of  life,  filling  some  of  the  highest  stations  in  "  the 


332  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

camp,  the  court  and  the  holy  churcli,'"   and  she  points  to  her  children,  in  all 
pursuits,  with  pride,  as  samples  of  her  work. 

The  collegiate  year  is  divided  into  the  Fall,  Winter  and  Spring  terms,  and 
the  enumeration  of  classes  for  the  Fall  term  are :  Arithmetic,  English  Gram- 
mar, History  of  the  United  States,  Geography,  Latin  Grammar,  Greek  Gram- 
mar and  Lessons,  Higher  Algebra,  Physiology,  Caesar,  Memorabilia  and  Greek 
Composition,  Geometry,  Natural  Philosophy,  Virgil,  Demosthenes  de  Corona^ 
Analytical  Geometry,  Mental  Philosophy,  Latin  Composition,  Mechanics,  Polit- 
ical Economy,  Rhetoric,  German  Reader,  Goethe's  Faust,  French  Grammar^ 
Telemac^ue,  Bookkeeping,  Bible  Studies,  Music,  Lectures  on  Constitutional  and 
International  Law. 

Winter  term :  Arithmetic,  Algebra,  Grammar  and  Rhetoric,  Elocution,. 
Latin  Grammar  and  Reader,  Greek  Grammar  and  Anabasis,  Higher  Algebra, 
Cffisar,  Plato's  Apology  and  Crito,  Trigonometry,  Virgil,  Homer's  Iliad,  Dif- 
ferential Calculus,  History  of  Civilization,  Horace,  Mechanics,  Chemistry, 
Moral  Philosophy,  Penmanship,  Bookkeeping,  German  Grammar,  Schiller's 
Thirty  Years"  War,  French  Grammar,  Corinne,  Bible  Studies,  Music,  Lectures^ 
on  Philology,  Style  and  English  Authors. 

Spring  term :  Arithmetic,  Algebra,  Elocution,  General  History,  Latin 
Grammar  and  Reader,  Anabasis,  Higher  Algebra,  Modern  History,  Sallust^ 
Thucydides,  Surveying,  Botany  and  Zoology,  Tacitus,  Sophocles  or  Eusebius, 
Integral  Calculus,  Logic,  Cicero  de  Officus,  Astronomy,  Geology,  Bookkeepings 
German  Grammar,  William  Tell,  French  Reader,  French  Poetry,  Normal  Studies, 
Bible  Studies,  Music,  Lectures  on  the  Antiquities  of  the  Greeks  and  Romans- 
and  Mythology. 

There  are  four  permanent  societies  connected  with  the  college,  which  have 
comfortable  rooms  assigned  them  by  the  Trustees.  The  halls  have  been  taste- 
fully and  elegantly  furnished,  and  are  among  the  most  attractive  features  of  the 
institution.  A^aluable  libraries  have  been  collected  by  these  associations,  and 
they  aiford  excellent  oppotunities  and  facilities  for  the  acquirement  of  rhetorical 
accomplishments. 

The  Excelsior  Society  is  composed  of  ladies  exclusively ;  and  the  exer- 
cises consist  of  essays,  addresses,  recitations,  discussions,  conversations,  etc. 
The  two  oldest  societies  in  the  college  are  the  Edmund  Burke  and  the  Pericle- 
sian,  each  having  had  a  prosperous  existence  for  more  than  twenty  years.  The 
exercises  are  similar  to  those  already  enumerated,  and  they  both  have  a  large  mem- 
bership. The  Mathesian  is  a  religious  society,  and  consists  chiefly  of  young  men 
preparing  for  the  ministry.  The  exercises  are  prayer,  scripture  readings  and 
recitations,  essays,  discourses  and  discussions,  and  are  admirably  adapted  to  the 
training  of  the  young  preachers. 

The  following  gentlemen  constitute  the  present  Board   of  Trustees :    John 
Darst,  R.   D.  Smith,  A.  M.  Weston,  W.  G.  Anderson,  John  T.  Jones,  E.  W 
Dickinson,  W.  R.  Adams,  J.  M.  Allen,  N.  B.  Crawford,  H.  C.  Baird,  J.  L. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  333 

Myers,  John  Lindsey,  W.  S.  Allen,  B.  F.  Maui)in,  John  W.  Arnold,  B.  J. 
Radford,  of  Eureka ;  J.  M.  Kirkbridge,  of  Peoria  ;  J.  H.  Rowell,  Peter  Whit- 
mer,  M.  Swann.  of  Bloomington  ;  and  J.  G.  Willard,  of  Harristown. 

The  officers  of  the  Board  are :  John  Darst,  President ;  R,  D.  Smith,  Sec- 
retary ;  J.  P.  Darst,  Treasurer ;  and  W.  G.  Anderson,  Financial  Agent. 

The  college  buildings  stand  in  a  beautiful  and  spacious  grove  of  grand  old 
forest  trees,  a  little  way  removed  from  the  business  part  of  town,  and  consist  of 
two  large  and  substantial  bricks,  containing  in  all  sixteen  commodious  rooms, 
including  chapel,  recitation  rooms,  society  halls,  library  and  musuem,  all  fur- 
nished in  the  most  comfortable  style. 

We  would  deem  the  history  of  this  enterprise  incomplete  without  a  parting 
notice  to  the  founders  and  early  and  earnest  workers,  wlio  toiled  manfully  in 
the  cause  they  loved  so  well.  The  names  of  Elder  Ben.  Major,  Elder  Wm. 
Davenport,  Elder  John  T.  Jones,  Elder  John  Lindsey,  David  Deweese,  E.  B. 
Myers,  B.  J.  Radford,  A.  S.  Fisher  and  others  will  ever  be  remembered  and 
cherished  among  the  friends  of  Eureka  College.  Many  of  them  lie  mouldering 
in  the  churchyard,  but  they  have  left  a  monument  to  their  own  memory  more 
lasting  than  crumbling  marble. 

In  addition  to  this  eminent  temple  of  learning,  the  village  has  three  public 
schools  and  three  comfortable  school  houses.  As  a  school  district.  Eureka  is  a 
union  district  with  Cruger  Township,  though  included  bodily  in  Olio  Township ; 
it  has  one  brick  and  two  substantial  frame  school  buildings.  The  brick  was 
purchased  from  the  college  for  $1,000,  and  was  the  building  first  of  Walnut 
Grove  Academy  before  the  organization  of  the  college.  The  frame  buildings 
cost,  respectively,  $1,000  and  $700.  The  schools  are  graded  and  employ  five 
teachers,  viz. :  J.  W.  Hyatt,  A.  P.  Felter,  Mr.  Rogers,  Miss  Emma  Ward 
and  Miss  Ella  Myers,  with  an  average  attendance  of  about  two  hundred 
scholars. 

In  conclusion  of  this  chapter  devoted  to  the  history  of  Eureka,  we  notice, 
briefly,  the  villages  beautiful  little  "  city  of  the  dead."  It  is  handsomely  laid 
out,  on  a  sunny  slope,  in  the  southern  extremity  of  the  town,  and  like  all  other 
portions  of  Eureka  is  shaded  by  huge  forest  trees,  while  loving  hands  have  added 
to  its  beauty  by  planting  shrubs  and  flowers  over  their  sleeping  friends.  The 
myriads  of  snow  white  stones  denote  that  many  have  gone  to  their  last  rest.  The 
cemetery  is  enclosed  by  a  neat  but  substantial  fence,  and  the  clean  kept  grounds 
reflect  credit  upon  Mr.  M.  Pifer.  the  Superintendent. 

ROANOKE  TOWNSHIP. 

The  history  of  this  township,  though  reaching  back  to  comparatively  an  early 
date,  is  by  no  means  obscure,  as  the  parties  with  good  memories  who  were  on 
the  ground  during  the  period  of  its  earliest  history  are  yet  alive,  and  from  them 
the  facts  concerning  the  earliest  settlement  have  been  obtained. 


334  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

Until  about  the  year  1850,  the  broad  prairie,  from  the  head  of  Panther 
Grove  to  within  a  mile  of  Metamora,  was  literally  a  "desert  waste."  Not  a 
house,  fence  or  tree  could  be  seen  north,  west  or  south.  There  were  five  or  six 
cabins  only  in  the  whole  toAvnship,  and  they  were  in  the  edge  of  the  timber.  A 
few  families  had  wandered  oif  from  their  native  States,  and,  attracted  to  this 
point  of  timber,  as  much,  perhaps,  on  account  of  the  abundance  of  game  as  for  the 
purpose  of  opening  farms,  had  built  them  habitations  which  barely  protected  them 
from  the  inclemencies  of  the  weather  and  the  hunger  of  wild  animals.  Doubt- 
less this  explains  why,  in  most  instances,  the  best  lands  in  this  part  of  the 
country  have  been  left  for  later  settlers.  Going  back  from  this  date  eighteen 
years,  which  brings  us  to  the  year  1832,  we  learn  of  the  first  actual  settler. 
Jacob  Stephenson,  formerly  of  Christian  County,  Kentucky,  with  a  view  to 
bettering  his  condition,  and  securing  to  himself  and  family  a  home  and  indepen- 
dence which  his  limited  means  would  not  permit  in  his  native  State,  made  his 
way  to  this  part  of  the  county  and  settled  in  the  Grove,  southeast  of  where  the 
village  of  Roanoke  now  stands.  He  built  the  first  cabin  in  the  township.  He 
was  a  blacksmith  as  Avell  as  a  farmer,  but  worked  at  the  trade,  after  coming  to 
this  country,  only  for  the  accommodation  of  himself  and  his  neighbors.  Next 
came  J.  W.  Ewing.  He  was  also  from  Kentucky,  and  from  the  same  county 
with  Stephenson.  Joseph  Wilkinson  came  next.  He  moved  from  Indiana  to 
this  township  the  next  year,  1833,  and  lived  for  two  years  on  Jacob  Stephenson's 
farm,  after  which  he  entered  land  of  his  own  and  became  a  permanent  settler. 
About  this  time  Joseph  Wilson  emigrated  from  Tennessee,  and  located  three- 
fourths  of  a  mile  east  (^f  the  village. 

Joseph  H.  Causey  was  also  an  early  settler.  He  left  his  native  State,  Ken- 
tucky, in  1836,  and  found  his  way  to  this  county,  stopping  for  a  season  in  the 
south  edge  of  the  Grove,  on  the  western  line  of  Greene  Township.  He  then 
removed  to  Versailles,  where  he  i'emained  four  years,  when  he  returned  to  the 
Grove  and  settled  permanently  on  Sec.  27  of  Roanoke  Township,  where  he 
continued  to  reside  until  his  death,  which  occurred  in  1861).  He  was  a  black- 
smith, and  built  the  first  shop.  He  continued  to  ply  the  hammer  and  bellows 
until  within  a  few  years  of  his  death  ;  and  the  old  shop  still  stands — a  relic  of 
the  early  industry  of  the  townsliip.  His  widow,  at  the  age  of  74,  still  lives  on 
the  old  homestead,  being  the  oldest  living  resident.  She  enjoys  good  health 
for  one  of  her  years  and  experiences,  and  takes  great  pleasure  in  recounting 
the  incidents  of  the  olden  time. 

The  above,  with  their  families,  were  literally  the  pioneers  of  Roanoke  Town- 
ship. They  were  hardy,  brave  and  honest  men  and  women.  Doubtless,  they 
were  easy,  free  and  simple  in  their  manners,  and  their  immediate  wants  were 
few  and  easily  supplied.  There  were  no  carpets  on  their  puncheon  floors ;  no 
expensive  mirrors  or  pictures  on  the  walls,  or  tapestry  at  their  windows.  Their 
houses  contained  usually  a  single  room,  which  was  their  parlor,  dining-room, 
chamber  and  kitchen.     Their  tables  were  spread  with  plenty  of  venison,  turkey, 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  335 

corn  and  such  other  game  and  vegetables  as  could  be  easily  obtained  by  the  use 
of  the  rifle  and  the  hoe.  Luxuries  were  neither  obtainable  nor  desired.  The 
little  marketing  that  was  done  required  long  journeys  to  the  nearest  stores ;  and 
goods  of  every  kind,  owing  to  slow  and  expensive  transportation,  were  very 
dear,  and,  by  these  people,  almost  wholly  dispensed  with.  Most  of  them  have 
long  since  passed  away.  Some  lie  in  the  soil,  near  the  scenes  of  their  pioneer 
life.  Some  of  them,  when  the  country  began  to  be  more  densely  populated, 
began  to  feel  the  want  of  more  freedom,  and,  to  some  extent,  their  cramped  condi- 
tion ;  and,  again  taking  up  their  line  of  march,  journeyed  off  to  the  Far  West. 
A  few  still  remain  to  tell  the  stories  of  the  early  past ;  waiting  only  for  a  short 
period,  to  follow  on  to  the  newer  and  better  country  in  the  ''great  hereafter." 

PROGRESS. 

•  From  the  pioneer  period  up  to  1850,  the  settlement  of  the  country  was  very 
slow.  Occasionally  a  family,  guided  by  letters  of  friends  who  had  preceded, 
came  in  ;  and  others,  as  if  by  chance,  lit  upon  the  place.  They  came  from 
almost  all  parts  of  the  Union  ;  but  most  who  made  this  their  permanent  home 
were  natives  of  Virginia  or  Kentucky.  After  awhile,  the  timber  and  adjoining 
prairies  were  all  taken  up,  and  shanties  here  and  there — north,  south  and  west 
— began  to  make  their  appearance.  This  was  the  condition  in  1855,  when,  at 
the  first  election  held  under  township  organization,  there  were  just  thirty  votes 
polled ;  which  probably  indicated  a  population  at  that  time  of  150,  some  then, 
as  at  present,  on  account  of  peculiar  religious  views,  not  desiring  to  take  any 
part  in  politics.  From  that  time  to  the  present,  the  increase  in  population  has 
been  steady,  being. now  about  1,500,  judging  from  the  last  vote  and  the  last 
enumeration  of  children. 

The  first  laid  out  road  was  the  section  line  road,  from  Metamora  east,  to  in- 
tersect the  State  road,  on  the  Third  Principal  Meridian.  Since  then,  roads  and 
bridges  have  followed  from  time  to  time,  as  the  growing  country  demanded, 
until  the  township  justly  lays  claim  to  as  good  a  system  of  thoroughfares  as  any 
in  the  county. 

The  land  at  a  distance  from  the  timber,  which  by  the  first  settlers  was 
looked  upon  as  worthless,  and  which  as  supposed  by  them  would  not  be  occu- 
pied in  a  century,  now  sells  for  from  $50  to  $60  per  acre.  The  assessed  valua- 
tion of  real  and  personal  property  is,  at  this  time.  $671,000,  which  doubtlest 
represents,  as  property  is  usually  assessed,  a  cash  value  of  real  estate  of  not  less 
than  a  million  of  dollars. 

'  The  township  was  organized  April  3d,  1855,  by  the  election  of  the  follow- 
ing officers :  David  S.  Brown,  Supervisor :  James  Stephenson,  Clerk  ;  John 
H.  Gish,  Assessor ;  Benjamin  Sanborn,  Collector ;  Samuel  Stitt,  Emerald 
Fisher  and  Joseph  Brubaker,  Highway  Commissioners ;  Charles  Stoller  and 
Joseph  Gish,  Constables  ;  and  Gannon  Gish  and  John  Franz,  Magistrates. 

There  were  at  the  election  tliat  day  thirty  voters,  with  eleven  offices  to  be 
filled.      Had  there  been  as  many  applicants  for  office  as   at  some   subsequent 


-S36  HI8T0RY  OF  WOODFORD  OOUNTY 

elections,  every  man  must  have  been  a  candidate.  Since  that  time,  tlie  vote  has 
doubled  every  eight  years  until  the  present.  The  duties  of  the  officers  were  not 
arduous,  nor  the  perquisites  great,  but  they  were  filled  with  dignity  and  honesty. 
Surely  tlie  temptations  for  plunder  were  comparatively  small.  Be  it  said  to  the 
credit  of  the  Clerk  and  his  successors,  the  records  have  been  kept  intact. 

The  name  Roanoke  was  given  by  John  Gish,  who  happened  to  be  present 
when  the  County  Commissioners  were  in  session  and  naming  the  townships, 
and,  being  called  on  by  them  for  a  name  for  his  township,  called  it  Roanoke,  in 
honor  of  his  native  county  in  Virginia.  The  present  officers  are :  Gideon 
Jeter,  Supervisor ;  M.  L.  Mock,  Clerk ;  Daniel  Brubaker,  Assessor ;  B.  F. 
Lantz,  Collector ;  A.  C.  Wheeler  and  M.  L.  Mock.  Magistrates  ;  and  T.  W. 
Gish  and  R.  W.  Ratcliff,  Constables. 

SCHOOLS. 

This  township  has  not  been  behind  in  the  attention  given  to  the  education 
of  the  youth.  Though  the  facilities  for  obtaining  an  education  in  the  early  times 
of  the  county  were  meager,  and  in  this  locality  especially  so,  and  many  of  the 
fathers  of  later  years  had  been  deprived  of  the  privilege  of  a  common  school 
education,  yet  they  fully  realized  their  loss,  and  were  determined  that  the  future 
generations  should  enjoy  its  benefits.  Accordingly,  at  a  very  early  day,  when 
the  number  of  inhabitants  about  the  Grove  had  increased  to  a  few  dozen,  they 
at  once  set  about  to  put  in  operation  the  means  whereby  this  desirable  end 
might  be  accomplished. 

The  first  school  was  opened  in  1855,  in  a  little  shanty,  located  on  Section 
14.  There  were  less  than  a  score  of  boys  and  girls  altogether.  Some  had 
books  and  some  had  none ;  and  the  variety  of  books  brought  was  as  great 
as  the  number  of  children  who  brought  them.  Some  of  the  children  had  been 
taught  a  little  at  home ;  a  few  had  recently  moved  into  the  neighborhood,  from 
more  thickly  settled  places,  and  had  received  some  school  instruction  there, 
and  some  of  the  older  ones  had  ridden  on  horseback  to  schools  in  other  portions 
of  the  county,  but  by  far  the  greater  number  were  totally  ignorant  of  books  or 
school.  The  school,  however,  was  a  pronounced  success ;  and  many  of  the 
middle  aged  men  and  women,  who  still  reside  in  the  neighborhood,  look  back 
to  the  first  days  spent  in  the  Bunch  school  as  among  the  happiest  of  their  lives. 
The  Bunch  school  still  exists,  though  the  old  cabin  has  given  place  to  the  more 
pretentious  edifice. 

From  this  small  beginning,  the  educational  interests  have  developed  with 
the  other  improvements,  until  we  now  find  nine  good  school  houses,  and  a  school 
population  of  five  liundred,  between  the  ages  of  six  and  twenty-one.  The  ex- 
penses of  running  the  Bunch  that  year  did  not  exceed  a  hundred  dollars;  now, 
seven  thousand  dollars  per  year  are  collected  and  paid  out  on  account  of  the 
schools.  The  value  of  school  property,  including  township  fund,  is  but  little 
less  than  fifteen  thousand  dollars. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  337 

Gideon  Jeter  was  the  first  Treasurer.  He  held  tlie  office  four  years.  D.  T. 
Fauber  is  the  present  Treasurer,  and  has  held  the  office  continuously,  since  his 
first  appointment  in  1862. 

CHURCHES. 

The  organization  of  the  Christian  (or.  as  known  by  some,  the  Campbellite) 
Church  dates  back  to  1846.  Rev.  Abner  Peeler,  Avho  was  literally  a  pioneer 
in  religious  work,  had  been  preaching  in  the  school  houses,  in  the  eastern  part 
■of  the  grove  and  in  private  houses  or  in  the  open  air  in  the  grove,  as  the  place 
and  season  seemed  to  indicate,  had  gathered  into  the  congregation  of  his  own 
faith  sixteen  persons,  and  with  this  numl)er  the  organization  took  place.  The 
Rev.  John  Oatman  afterward  became  the  Pastor  of  the  church.  The  success 
of  the  society  has  been  varied,  sometimes  having  its  seasons  of  refreshing,  and 
at  others  a  corresponding  depression.  On  the  whole,  the  enterprise  has  been 
quite  satisfactory,  as  is  indicated  by  its  j)resent  status.  The  membership,  at 
this  time,  is  more  than  eighty.  They  have,  in  the  eastern  part  of  the  village, 
a  commodious  and  substantial  house  of  worship,  which  they  completed  in  1873. 
The  building  is  sixty  feet  long  and  thirty-six  feet  wide,  and  will  seat,  comfort- 
ably, two  hundred  and  eighty  persons.     It  cost  $2,950. 

The  present  officers  are  James  Kirk,  Pastor ;  B.  G.  Kindig,  J.  R.  Wilson 
and  Joseph  Wilson,  Elders;  and  I.  H.  Fisher,  C.  L.  Stephenson  and  C.  K- 
Snyder,  Deacons. 

The  Apostolic  Christian  Church  is  a  society  of  Christian  German  people, 
who  came  to  this  township  originally  from  Germany,  Switzerland  and  France. 
Their  location  is  in  the  south  part  of  the  township.  Twenty-eight  years  ago, 
B.  Wyaneth,  a  minister  of  this  denomination,  came  to  this  place,  'and  began 
preaching  to  the  few  of  this  faith  Avho  had  preceded  him.  He  soon  succeeded 
in  gathering  about  him  quite  a  little  band  of  his  people ;  and,  from  that  time  to 
the  present,  the  society  has  been  receiving  additions,  mostly,  however,  from  immi- 
gration, until  now  it  numbers,  including  the  branch  churches  in  Livingston, 
McLean,  Tazewell  and  Peoria  Counties,  more  than  four  hundred.  Rev.  B. 
Wyaneth  was  the  first  Pastor,  and  has  continued  to  minister  to  the  congregation 
€ver  since.  They  have  a  very  large  and  substantial  building — the  largest,  indeed, 
in  this  part  of  the  county.  The  main  building  is  forty  feet  by  eighty.  The 
seating  capacity,  including  the  two  galleries,  is  about  seven  hundred.  The 
building  was  completed  in  1873,  and  cost  the  society  four  thousand  dollars.  The 
eating  hall  and  Sunday  school  room  is  an  additional  building,  which  was  for- 
merly used  as  the  house  of  worship.  It  is  twenty-eight  feet  by  fifty-four,  and 
<;ost,  when  built  in  1865,  eighteen  hundred  dollars. 

The  people  who  worship  here  are  very  simple  in  their  customs,  dress  and 
religious  views.  They  take  the  Bible  for  their  only  rule  and  guide  of  faith. 
Indeed,  they  substantially  make  it  their  only  book  of  education,  law  and  science, 
not  being  desirous  that  their  children  should  receive  any  other  education,  except 
barely   enough  to   enable  them  to  transact  business.     They  will  not  sue  nor 


338  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

enforce  a  claim  either  against  their  brethren  or  an  outsider.     Neither  will  thej 
vote  or  hold  office,  or  take  any.  part  in  politics  whatever. 

The  German  Baptists,  by  many  denominated  Dunkards,  organized  their 
society  in  1852,  having,  at  the  time,  a  membership  of  eighteen.  J.  R.  Gish 
and  George  W.  Gish  were  appointed  to  the  ministry,  and  have  remained  in 
charge  to  the  present  time.  For  five  years  they  were  without  a  house  of  wor- 
ship, and  then,  in  1857,  erected  their  present  building,  which  stands  near  the 
line  of  Greene  ToAvnship.  It  was  built  at  a  cost  of  fifteen  hundred  dollars ;  is 
thirty  feet  by  forty,  and  will  seat  three  hundred  persons.  The  membership  at 
this  time,  is  about  two  hundred,  besides  congregations  which  have  been  organ- 
ized since,  and  which  were  formerly  a  part  of  this.  The  present  eldership  con- 
sists of  J.  R.  Gish,  George  W.  Gish,  P.-  A.  Moore,  Thomas  Keiser  and  Jacob 
J.  Kindig. 

The  Methodists  have  held  services  in  this  vicinity  from  the  year  1856,  and, 
as  in  the  casei  of  other  churches,  services  were  held  in  school  houses  and  dwell- 
ing houses  until  within  three  years  of  the  present  date.  They  now  have  a  neat 
little  house  of  worship,  in  the  western  part  of  the  village,  which  they  completed 
in  1875.  Its  length  is  forty-five  and  width  thirty-two  feet.  It  seats  comfort- 
ably two  hundred  persons.  The  membership  is  about  fifty  persons.  The 
present  Pastor  is  L.  V.  Webber.  Services  are  held  every  Sabbath  ;  in  connec- 
tion with  the  church  is  a  flourishing  Sunday  school. 

The  Ornish  have  a  church  building  in  the  extreme  southern  part  of  the 
township.  Its  size  is  thirty  by  fifty  feet.  It  was  built  in  1875,  at  a  cost  of 
$1,500.  Divine  services,  however,  had  been  held  in  this  vicinity  for  more  than 
twenty  years  previous.  Services  are  held  twice  each  month,  and  are  conducted 
by  Christian  Roop  and  Jacob  Sear. 

The  Baptist  Church  was  organized  in  1865,  with  thirty-two  members,  and 
the  next  year  the  society  proceeded  to  build.  Rev.  Sumner  Robinson  was  the 
Pastor  at  that  time.  Subscriptions  were  taken,  and  the  building  completed  the 
same  year.  It  is  the  latest  organized  church  in  the  township.  The  mem- 
bership live  mostly  in  the  northwestern  part,  and  number  at  this  time  fifty- 
five,  with  a  Sabbath  school  of  seventy.     The  Pastor  in  charge  is  M.  L.  Fuller. 

To  recapitulate,  we  find  within  the  limits  of  Roanoke  six  organized  churches, 
each  with  a  house  of  worship.  The  value  of  the  buildings  and  other  church 
property  is  about  twenty  thousand  dollars.  The  membership  exceeds  five  hun- 
dred, though  some  reside  outside  of  the  township,  and  none  of  the  organizations 
are  a  dollar  in  debt. 

INCIDENTS. 

The  events  of  a  startling  character  which  take  place  in  a  new  and  thinly- 
settled  place,  like  this,  must  necessarily  be  few.  And  yet,  this  town  is  not  with- 
out its  incendiarism  and  tragedy. 

The  only  fire  that  has  ever  occurred,  that  was  generally  believed  to  have 
been  maliciously  kindled,  was  that  of  the  burning  the  house  of  Joseph  Reift", 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  331> 

about  a  mile  porthwest  of  the  village.  The  fire  occurred  on  the  night  of  the 
4th  of  March,  1858.  It  was  supposed  to  have  been  set  on  fire  by  one  Jacob 
Hilderbridle",  who  lived  in  an  adjoining  township.  There  was  a  slight  snoAv  on 
the  ground  at  the  time  ;  and,  in  the  morning,  the  fresh  tracks  of  horses'  feet 
were  discovered  in  the  road.  A  peculiar  conformation  of  the  track  of  one  of 
the  feet  led  some  parties  to  follow.  The  tracks  led  directly  to  Hilderbridle's 
house.  He  was  arrested  and  taken  to  jail,  but  tlie  evidence  was  not  strong 
enough  to  convict,  and  he  was  released. 

In  the  Winter  of  1870-71,  occurred,  in  the  western  part  of  the  township,  a 
horrible  murder.  Mr.  Christian  Schertz,  while  sitting  by  his  fireside  and  play- 
ing with  his  children,  was  most  brutally  murdered,  by  a  shot  from  without,  by 
some  unknown  person.  Certain  suspicious  circumstances  led  to  the  arrest  of 
Daniel  Goldsmith,  a  resident  of  the  western  part  of  the  county.  It  appeared 
in  evidence,  that  he  had  been  out  hunting  the  day  before  ;  that  one  barrel  of  his 
gun  had  been  discharged ;  and  that  the  ball  found  in  Mr.  Shertz's  body  corre- 
sponded to  those  used  by  Goldsmith.  The  evidence,  though  considered  by  many 
as  convincing,  failed  to  convict,  and  he  was  set  at  liberty. 

In  the  Fall  of  1875,  this  township  was  visited  by  one  of  the  most  violent 
tornadoes  that  has  ever  been  known  in  this  section  of  country.  Though  confined 
tc  a  narrow  belt — in  some  places  not  exceeding  fifty  yards  in  width — the  de- 
struction of  all  within  its  compass  was  complete.  Houses,  barns,  trees,  cattle 
and  horses  were  literally  swept  out  of  existence. 

The  whirlwind  struck  in  the  southwestern  part,  demolishing  the  school  house, 
that  stood  a  mile  from  the  west  and  three  miles  from  the  south  line.  It  was^ 
just  before  4  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  and  the  teacher  of  the  school,  seeing  the 
storm  approaching,  and  being  desirous  that  the  children  should  reach  their 
homes  before  the  storm  broke,  dismissed  them.  They  had  not  all  passed  a 
dozen  yards  outside  the  track  of  the  tornado,  before  the  house  Avas  crushed  into 
fragments.  Only  for  the  precaution  of  the  teacher,  a  score  of  human  beings 
would  have  lost  their  lives.  From  this  point  it  passed  across  the  road  and  com- 
pletely obliterated  the  house  occupied  by  E.  E.  Bingham  and  family.  There 
were  four  persons  in  the  house  at  the  time.  They  barely  escaped  with  their 
lives  by  taking  refuge  in  the  cellar,  one  old  lady  being  badly  injured,  and  ren- 
dered a  cripple  for  life.  From  thence,  in  its  course  lay  A.  C.  Bullington's 
house,  which  shared  a  similar  fate.  After  leaving  this  point,  a  second  school 
house  was  destroyed.  Gideon  Jeter's  barn  was  the  next  object  of  its  fury.  It 
finally  left  the  town  after  the  destruction  of  C.  H.  Waldron's  house.  Fortu- 
nately, no  human  lives  were  lost,  though  a  number  of  persons  were  more  or  less 
seriously  injured. 

The  freaks  of  the  wind  were  extremely  curious,  and,  in  many  instances, 
almost  incredible.  Large  stones,  partly  imbedded  in  the  earth,  were  scooped 
up  and  carried  long  distances  from  their  beds.  Horses  were  carried  through 
the  air.     Fence  posts  were  drawn  from  the  ground.     A  child  was  blown  from 


340  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

its  mother's  arras,   and  deposited  safely  in  a  straw  stack,  and  wa3  only  found 
afterward  by  some  person  hearing  its  cries. 

In  the  late  war,  Roanoke  was  not  an  idle  spectator.  A  large  number  of  her 
young  men  not  (mly  volunteered  their  services  to  the  government  they  loved,  but 
sacrificed  their  lives  for  its  preservation.  A  singular  fatality  seemed  to  attend 
the  soldiers  from  this  part  of  the  county.  Of  some  twenty  who  volunteered  to 
fight  their  country's  battles,  only  nine  returned  alive.  From  the  Gardner  family 
went  out  Daniel,  Levi,  David  and  John.  Before  their  terms  of  service  expired, 
their  bones  were  moldering  in  the  ground,  and  their  spirits  had  gone  to  the  land 
where  war's  alarms  are  never  heard..  In  the  same  manner  likewise  pas.sed  away 
the  two  brothers  Henry  and  Aaron  Brubaker.  Also,  Joseph  and  Henry  Causey, 
sons  of  the  j)ioneer  mentioned  in  these  pages.  The  war  is  of  the  past.  Peace 
again  reigns  ;  and  as  many  Confederate  and  Federal  soldiers  make  this  township 
their  home,  they  have  "•  shaken  hands  across  the  bloody  chasm.''  They  tell  to 
each  other  the  anecdotes  of  their  soldier  lives  ;  and  peace  and  harmony  prevail. 

In  1872,  occurred  an  event  in  the  history  of  Roanoke  Township,  that  has 
had  a  marked  effect  on  its  prosperity.  In  that  year,  the  C,  P.  &  S.  W.  R.  R- 
was  projected  and  built.  A  number  of  townships  along  the  proposed  line  had 
voted  bonds  for  aiding  the  company,  and  thereby  securing  its  location  through 
this  part  of  the  county.  Though  tliis  township  voted  no  bonds,  yet  subscrip- 
tions were  taken  from  private  individuals  to  the  amount  of  five  thousand  dollars^ 
which  amount  was  required  to  pay  for  the  right  of  way.  This  was  done  by  the 
citizens  in  consideration  of  the  locating  by  the  company  of  switch  within  half 
ii  mile  of  its  present  crossing  of  Panther  Creek,  and  the  present  site  of  the 
village  of  Roanoke.  Thus  was  secured  to  this  community  an  outlet  for  the  large 
products  of  grain  and  stock,  which  formerly  had  to  be  hauled  from  eight  to 
fifteen  miles  to  the  nearest  railroad  points. 

VILLAGE    OF    ROANOKE. 

The  next  Fall  after  the  completion  of  the  railroad,  December,  1872,  the  vil- 
lage of  Roanoke  was  laid  out.  It  was  surveyed  and  platted  for  Hiram  Barney, 
Benjamin  G.  Kindig  and  D.  T.  Fauber,  who  were  the  original  proprietors  of 
the  village.  Lots  were  offered  for  sale,  and  imniediately  improvements  began  to 
be  made.  The  first  house  built  in  the  limits  of  the  town  was  erected  by  Henry 
J.  Franz.  The  same  is  now  occupied  by  John  Franz  as  a  store.  The  second 
house  was  built  by  Jacob  Engle.  son  of  Peter  Engle,  one  of  the  pioneers  of 
Metamora  Townshij).  A  store  building  had,  at  some  time  previous,  been  erected 
on  the  east  side  of  the  crtek,  but  after  the  village  was  laid  out,  was  moved  into 
town.  The  first  residence  was  l)uilt  by  Chris.  Gozinger,  in  1873.  The  town 
has  steadily  increased  in  size  and  population,  until  it  now  contains  over  a  hun- 
dred buildings,  and  three  hundred  and  fifty  inhabitants. 

The  post  office  was  established  in  1872.  with  Frank  Pifer  as  Postmaster. 
Pifer  was  succeeded  by  F.  M.  Wheelwright,  the  present  incumbent. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  841 

In  the  Spring  of  1873,  a  grain  elevator  was  built  by  William  and  Peter 
Crow.  The  same  is  now  OAvned  and  operated  by  Messrs.  Hollenback  &  Rickey. 
The  building  is  twenty  by  forty  feet,  and  has  a  capacity  of  ten  thousand  bushels. 
In  the  same  year,  C.  K.  Snyder  built  the  elevator  owned  and  operated  by  him 
at  present.  Its  capacity  is  about  ten  thousand  bushels.  There  is  handled,  by 
the  two  elevators,  per  year,  an  amount  of  grain  exceeding  four  hundred  tliou- 
sand  bushels.  There  is  also  shipped  from  this  place,  each  year,  fifty  cars  of 
stock,  mostly  hogs. 

In  1877,  a  flouring-mill  was  erected  by  Isaac  Snyder,  at  a  cost  of  thi'ee 
thousand  dollars.     It  has  two  runs  of  burrs,  which  are  run  to  their  full  capacity. 

At  present,  business  of  almost  every  kind  is  well  represented  by  the  follow- 
ing persons  and  firms : 

Dry  Croods  and  Gr^eenes,  John  Franz,  Jacob  Engle,  Trainer  &  Kindig 
and  Robinson  &  Leonard ;  Clothing,  Isaac  Moore ;  Drugs,  J.  F.  Wheelwright 
and  D.  B,  Zimmerman  ;  Hardtvare,  Hatcher  &  Jeter ;  Hotel,  L.  D.  Schwender  ; 
Flour-mill,  Isaac  Snyder  ;  Elevators,  Hollenback  &  Rickey  and  C.  K.  Snyder  : 
Harness,  Thos.  A.  Brown  and  F.  Marti ;  Furniture,  Godfried  Harseim  ;  Boots 
and  Shoes,  C.  Grozinger;  Wagon  Makers,  I.  H.  Fisher  and  Ulrich  Beer;  Phy- 
sicians, Z.  H.  Taylor,  J.  M.  Wilkerson  and  J.  M.  John  (Coroner) ;  Insurance 
and  Real  Estate,  M.  L.  Mock. 

In  the  Fall  of  1873,  an  event  of  much  importance  occurred  in  Woodford 
County,  of  which  Roanoke  was  the  central  figure.  The  citizens  of  the  village 
and  vicinity,  fully  realizing  that  this  was  the  most  central  point  in  the  county, 
and  with  other  natural  and  artificial  advantages  in  view,  moved  for  the  location 
of  the  county  seat  at  this  place.  A  petition,  with  the  requisite  number  of 
names,  was  accordingly  presented  to  the  County  Judge,  Meek,  and  an  election 
was  ordered  to  determine  the  question.  The  election  was  closely  contested,  at 
every  polling  place  in  the  county,  and  a  heavy  vote  polled.  The  returns,  as 
canvassed  by  the  County  Board,  showed  a  decided  majority  for  Roanoke.  In 
the  meantime,  injunctions  had  been  served  on  the  county  ofiicers,  restraining 
them  from  removing  the  county  records  from  Metamora  ;  and,  on  a  contest  of  elec- 
tion, before  Judge  Burns,  a  majority  of  six  votes  was  declared  against  removal. 

PRESENT    DESCRIPTION    OF    TOWNSHIP. 

Roanoke  is  geometrically  the  center  township  of  the  county.  It  is  bounded 
on  the  north  by  Linn,  on  the  east  by  Greene,  on  the  south  by  Olio  and  on  the 
west  by  Metamora,  and  is  known  as  Congressional  Town  27  N.,  Range  1  W. 
It  contains  thirty-six  sections  of  as  fine  land  as  can  be  found,  being  mostly  high 
and  rolling,  with  soil  rich  and  productive.  Panther  Creek  flows  from  near  the 
middle  of  the  western  part,  east,  crossing  the  line  into  Green  Township.  The 
creek  is  fringed  with  a  fine  grove  of  timber,  extending  from  the  village  to  the 
township  line,  and  embracing  about  one  thousand  acres.  The  C,  P.  &  S.  W. 
R.  R.  passes  diagonally  through,  from  the  northeast  to  the  southwest,  crossing 
Panther  Creek  near  the  southern  boundary  of  the  village  of  Roanoke. 


342  HISTOEY  OF  AVOODFORT)  COUNTY. 

GREENE  TOWNSHIP. 

DESCRIPTION. 

This  township  is  situated  east  of  the  center  of  Woodford  County.  It  is 
bounded  on  the  north  by  Clavton.  on  the  east  by  Panola,  on  the  south  by  Pales- 
tine, and  on  the  west  by  Roanoke.  It  is  known  as  Congressional  Town  27  N.. 
Range  1  E.  of  the  Third  Principal  Meridian.  It  is  six  miles  square,  and  con- 
tains about  twenty-three  thousand  acres  of  very  fine  land,  about  seven-eighths 
of  wliich  is  prairie  and  the  balance  timber.  The  surface  is  undulating,  but  not 
t(t(»  much  so  for  easy  cultivation.  The  soil  is  deep  and  very  rich,  and  well 
adapted  to  the  raising  of  corn.  Some  wheat  is  raised  near  the  timber.  The 
timber  lies  on  both  sides  of  Panther  Creek.  One  branch  of  the  creek  flow.s 
from  the  east  and  the  other  from  the  west,  forming  a  junction  near  the  south- 
west corner,  and  leaving  the  township  at  a  point  near  the  village  of  Secor.  The 
C.  P.  k  S.  W.  R.  R.  passes  through  the  northwest  corner,  cutting  oif  about  a 
section. 

EARLY    HISTORY. 

In  the  year  1826,  an  adventurer  in  the  then  far  Northwest  had  returned  to 
his  home  in  Overton  Co.,  Tenn.  He  had  been  traveling  in  the  newly  made  State 
of  Illinois,  and  had  broucrht  back  glowincr  account  of  the  richness  of  its  soil,  the 
abundance  of  game  and  the  many  other  real  and  fiincied  advantages  to  the  emi- 
grant bold  enough  to  face  the  dangers  and  privations  of  a  pioneer  life.  He  was 
listened  to  by  his  hearers  with  wonder  and  admiration,  and  by  some,  who  doubt- 
less thought  the  pictures  somewhat  overdrawn,  with  a  mixture  of  doubt.  Among 
those  who  heard  the  tempting  description  was  William  McCord.  The  idea  of 
going  to  the  new  country  immediately  took  possession  of  him,  and  he  soon  set 
about  making  arrangements  for  his  departure.  He  had  a  large  family  of  boys, 
and  the  prospect  of  providing  them  with  homes  seemed  better  in  a  new  country 
than  in  the  older,  settled  State  of  Tennessee.  Accordingly,  the  Spring  of  1827 
found  him,  with  five  other  neighbor  families,  ready  for  the  journey.  It  will  be 
readily  conceived  that  an  undertaking  of  such  a  nature  was  a  different  thing  from 
what  it  would  be  at  present.  It  would  compare  more  properly  with  the  embark- 
ation of  the  hundred  Pilgrims  who  left  their  native  shore  two  hundred  years 
earlier  to  make  their  way  across  the  boundless  deep  to  find  a  home  in  the  New 
AVorld. 

Indeed  the  liardships  of  the  wilderness  road  were  greater  than  those  expe- 
rienced by  the  emigrants  of  the  Mayflower.  The  length  of  time  required  to 
accomplish  the  undertaking,  too,  was  almost  as  great.  The  7th  of  June  was 
the  day  fixed  upon  to  commence  the  weary  march.  The  wagons  were  packed 
with  a  few  household  effects  and  some  of  the  simpler  farming  implements.  The 
cattle  were  turned  into  the  road,  and  all  were  ready  to  start.  Numerous  friends 
were  gathered  around  to  bid  them  good-by,  looking  on  them   meanwhile  with 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  343 

feelings  mingled  with  sorrow  and  wonder.  The  women  and  younger  children 
rode  in  the  wagons,  while  the  men  and  boys  trudged  along  behind  to  attend  to 
the  cattle.  It  would  be  interesting  to  listen  to  all  of  the  accounts  of  their  long 
and  tedious  journey  ;  but  time  and  space  forbid  more  than  a  few  brief  allusions 
When  a  few  days  out,  it  commenced  raining,  and  continued  almost  incessantly 
all  the  way.  There  were  but  few  bridges  then,  especially  after  crossing  the 
Ohio ;  and  the  streams,  being  swollen  by  constant  rains,  were  difficult  to  cross. 
At  the  crossing  of  the  Wabash,  Avhere  there  was  a  ferry,  the  cattle  would  not 
stay  on  the  boat,  but,  jumping  oif,  returned  to  the  bank ;  and  the  men  were 
obliged  to  take  off  their  clothing,  take  the  cattle  by  their  tails,  and,  guiding 
them  in  this  manner,  swim  them  across.  Thomas  McCord,  then  a  young  man, 
thus  swam  the  Wabash  eleven  times.  Over  many  of  the  streams,  they  were 
compelled  to  carry  their  wagons  and  goods  on  rafts,  made  of  timber  cut, 
and  prepared  on  the  spot,  and  lashed  together  with  bed  cords.  Such  cross- 
ings often  required  a  whole  day  to  accomplish.  The  crossing  of  the  Sangamon 
was  effected  in  this  manner.  After  traveling  in  this  toilsome  way  for  fifty-three 
da^^s,  they  at  length,  on  the  oOth  day  of  July,  arrived  at  Twin  Grove,  near 
where  the  city  of  Bloomington  now  stands.  Here  they  lived  until  the  Spring 
of  1831,  when  Mr.  McCord,  with  his  family,  consisting  of  himself,  wife,  five 
sons  and  three  daughters,  removed  to  Panther  Grove,  arriving  at  this  place  on 
the  last  day  of  March.  They  at  once  set  about  providing  themselves  with  a 
shelter.  In  a  short  time,  they  had  completed  a  log  cabin,  twenty  feet  square 
and  one  and  a  half  stories  high,  the  lower  and  upper  portions  consisting  each 
of  a  single  room.  It  was  built  of  small,  round  logs,  "chinked"  with  smaller 
pieces  of  wood,  and  daubed  with  mortar.  There  were  two  doors  and  two  win- 
dows, the  latter  consisting  of  four  panes  of  eight  by  ten  glass  each.  The  chim- 
ney was  built  of  sods,  piled  one  on  top  of  another  to  the  proper  height.  The 
old  cabin  is  still  standing  in  the  midst  of  the  old  orchard  planted  by  Mr. 
McCord's  hands,  and  is  an  object  that  will  engage  the  attention  of  any  one 
interested  in  relics  of  the  early  days  of  the  county. 

The  McCords  found  that  they  had  been  preceded  by  only  three  families. 

Amasa  Stout  and  wife  had  come  to  the  grove  but  two  years  before,  and 
located  on  the  south  side  and  near  the  west  line  of  the  township,  on  what  is  now 
Section  19.  The  land  had  not  then  been  surveyed,  and  he,  with  all  others  for 
several  years,  wei'e  simply  squatters.  Stout  lived,  for  the  first  year  including 
the  Winter,  in  a  rail  pen,  protected  on  three  sides  and  top  with  corn  fodder.  He 
scarcely  became  a  permanent  settler,  as  he  removed  a  few  years  subsequently 
to  Dry  Grove. 

William,  Allen,  Winslow  and  Almira  Patrick,  cousins  of  the  McCords,  moved 
from  Overton  Co.,  Tennessee,  in  1829,  and  settled  on  Section  29.  They  built  a 
house,  using  the  same  plans  and  specifications  as  those  used  by  Stout  previously. 
In  this  they  lived  until  the  boys  had  cleared  ten  acres  of  ground.  It  will  doubt- 
less sound  strangely  to  some  to  hear  of   clearing  land,  while  just  adjoining 


344  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

the  timber  were  tliousands  of  acres  better  adapted  for  agricultural  purposes,  on 
which  was  not  a  stick  nor  a  stone.  But  then,  it  must  be  remembered  that  these 
people  were  from  a  thickly  w^ooded  country,  and  naturally  concluded  that  where 
trees  would  not  grow  corn  would  not  thrive. 

The  next  Spring,  while  engaged  in  preparing  to  build  a  better  house,  an  accident 
occurred,  which  resulted  in  the  first  death  within  the  limits  of  the  township,  or 
even  in  the  Grove.  WinsloAv  Patrick  was  hauling  logs  for  the  new  house,  when, 
on  returning  from  the  woods  with  a  load,  he  was  caught  by  the  head  between 
the  butt  of  the  wagon  and  a  tree,  and  his  skull  was  literally  crushed.  In  this 
condition  he  was  found  soon  after,  dead.  William  Patrick  died  two  years  after. 
They  both  lie  in  the  public  burial  ground  near  the  old  saw-mill.  There  was  no 
pageantry  or  hearse,  or  robed  priest  or  hired  livery  at  those  funerals  ;  neither 
was  there  a  long  train  of  mourners,  though  all  the  inhabitants  for  miles  around 
were  there,  and  their  death  was  mourned  deeply  and  earnestly.  There  was  no 
eulogy  pronounced,  but  their  friends  spoke  kindly  of  them  for  many  a  long  year 
afterward. 

Allen  Patrick  continued  to  reside  in  the  neighborhood,  until  the  year  1842, 
when  he  removed  to  Tazewell  County. 

Almira  Patrick  married  Joseph  More,  and  with  him  also  removed  to  Tazewell 
County.  This  constituted  the  first  wedding.  Joseph  had  courted  Almira  for 
more  thana  year,  and  being  desirous  of  setting  up  housekeeping,  on  his  own 
account,  propounded  to  her  the  one  important  question,  she  replying  ever/zwrc, 
he  mounted  his  horse  and  galloped  off  to  Bloomington,  a  distance  of  thirty  miles^ 
to  procure  the  necessary  documents  to  "make  two  one  "  and  one  More. 

Young  Bilberry,  brother-in  law  of  the  Patricks,  came,  with  his  wife,  from 
Overton  County,  Tennessee,  in  1830,  and  settled  on  the  east  fork  of  the  creek. 
To  them,  in  1831,  was  born  the  first  white  child  in  this  part  of  the  county. 
They  lived  here  several  years,  but  finally  removed  to  McLean  County.  In 
1833,  Abram  Hahn  and  Jacob  Kindelsbryer.  two  Germans  from  Ohio,  made 
their  appearance  in  the  neighborhood.  They  were  the  first  additions  to  the 
settlement  after  the  arrival  of  the  McCords.  About  this  time,  or  perhaps  a  few 
months  later,  S.  Y.  Barnard,  of  Overton  County,  Tennessee,  through  the 
influence  of  the  McCords,  also  came  on.  He  was  subsequently,  from  1836  to 
1840,  Postmaster  of  the  office  known  as  Josephine.  It  was  the  only  post  office 
for  miles  around.  It  was  situated  at  the  intersection  of  the  old  Bloomington  and 
Ottawa  road  and  the  laid  out  road  running  east  from  Metamora. 

Thus,  one  family  after  another  continued  to  arrive,  until  in  1840  there  were 
about  twelve  fiimilies  all  told.  When  we  take  into  consideration  that  at  this 
time  they  wore  without  schools,  or  churches,  or  newspapers,  or  other  means  of 
communication  with  the  outer  world,  it  is  easy  to  imagine  tliat  the  state  of 
society  must  have  been  quite  difterent  from  what  we  now  find.  The  Indians 
were  amongst  their  nearest  neighbors,  until  the  Government  caused  their  removal 
to  reservations  further  west.     Tiiere  were  residing,  until  1832,  at  the  head  of 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  345- 

the  Mackinaw,  a  tribe  of  the  Kickapoos  and  a  tribe  of  the  Delawares,  of  about 
eighty  warriors  each,  together  with  numberless  squaws,  papooses,  ponies  and 
dogs.  There  was  also  living  at  Joliet  Chief  Shabbona,  Avith  a  small  tribe  of 
Pottawatomies.  These  all  came,  from  time  to  time,  to  Panther  Grove  to  hunt 
and  trap.  They  were  quite  friendly  and  whites  and  redskins  hunted  and  drank 
and  visited  together  in  the  most  kindly  manner. 

But  the*  time  was  near  when  the  wild  man  must  give  place  to  the  less 
romantic  pale  face.  The  Government  had  made  arrangements  for  their  removal 
from  the  State  to  reservations  beyond  the  Mississippi.  Some  went  willingly, 
some  submitted  stubbornly  and  others  resisted  the  Government.  Of  the  latter 
were  Black  IJawk  and  his  followers,  the  Sacs  and  Foxes,  who  lived  on  the  Rock 
River.  At  the  call  of  Gov.  Reynolds,  among  the  companies  being  formed  for 
the  purpose  of  enforcing  the  designs  of  the  Government,  was  a  company  at 
Bloomington,  to  which  Robert  McClure  was  afterward  elected  Captain.  Thos. 
McCord  and  Allen  Patrick  left  their  homes,  in  Greene  Township,  on  the  5th 
day  of  May,  1832,  and,  proceeding  to  Bloomington,  joined  this  company.  They 
immediately  set  out  for  Pekin,  on  the  Illinois  River,  to  the  appointed  rendez- 
vous, where  they  met  several  other  companies.  They  marched  from  this  point 
directly  to  Dixon,  where  they  joined  the  regiment  commanded  by  Col.  Stillman, 
who  had,  the  day  before  their  arrival,  been  defeated  by  the  Indians  in  an 
engagement  at  a  point  about  thirty  miles  further  up  Rock  River.  The  next 
day  they  marched  back  to  the  scene  of  battle.  In  the  meantime,  the  Indians 
had  retreated,  carrying  all  their  dead  and  wounded  with  them,  with  the  excep- 
tion of  one  old  man,  whom  they  had  left  bound  in  a  sitting  posture,  doubtless 
for  the  purpose  of  indicating  to  their  enemies  that  this  had  been  the  small  result 
of  their  hard-fought  battle.  They  also  found  on  the  field  eleven  white  soldiers, 
some  of  whom  had  been  shockingly  mutilated.  After  taking  care  of  the  dead, 
they  returned  to  Dixon,  where  they  stayed  a  few  days,  when  they  were  ordered 
to  march  to  Ottawa.  When  within  fifteen  miles  of  Ottawa,  they  came  to  a  set- 
tlement where  sixteen  persons — men,  women  and  children — had  been  massacred 
but  the  night  before.  After  burying  the  dead  and  taking  care  of  the  property 
of  the  murdered  families,  they  continued  their  march  to  Ottawa.  A  few  days 
later,  they  were  discharged,  and  McCord  and  Patrick  returned  to  their  homes. 

An  incident,  illustrating  the  insecure  feeling  that  must  have  pervaded  the 
white  settlement  at  that  time,  is  here  given.  Reports  of  massacres  had  been 
common  for  some  time,  when  one  day,  when  the  danger  from  an  attack  by  the 
Indians  seemed  imminent,  a  sudden  discharge  of  what  seemed  to  be  many  rifles 
was  heard  by  all  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  neighborhood.  The  greatest  excite- 
ment at  once  prevailed,  and,  doubting  not  that  the  savages  were  upon  them,  they 
fled  as  hastily  as  possible  to  Walnut  Grove,  leaving  everything  behind  to  the 
plunder  of  the  Indians.  Young  Bilberi-y,  whose  name  has  already  been  men- 
tioned, in  great  haste  assisted  his  wife  to  mount  a  horse,  and,  advising  her  not 
to  spare  the  whip,  took  to  his  heels  and  fled  on  foot.     Thus  he  ran  for  a  couple 


346  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

of  miles,  when  he  became  so  exhausted  that  he  could  run  no  further,  and  seeing 
a  pond  of  water  just  ahead,  waded  in  and  concealed  himself  by  sitting  down  in 
the  water,  allowing  only  his  head  to  remain  above  the  surface.  In  this  position 
he  remained  for  some  hours,  when  he  caught  sight  of  some  of  the  returning 
fucfitives,  of  whom  he  cautiously  inquired  about  the  massacre.  When  informed 
that  the  fright  had  been  occasioned  by  a  company  of  white  soldiers  on  their  way 
from  Bloomington  to  Ottawa,  and  that  they  had,  on  their  approach  to  the  tim- 
ber, discharged  their  muskets,  he  was  glad  to  come  out  of  his  forced  bath  and 
return  to  his  home.  This  pond  was,  for  many  years,  knoAvn  ;is  ••  Bilberry's 
Defeat." 

In  those  times,  deer,  wolves,  wild  turkeys  and  other  wild  animals  and  fowl 
were  almost  as  plenty  as  domestic  animals  are  at  present.  It  was  no  unusual 
thing  for  the  hunter  to  return  after  a  single  day  with  a  half  dozen  deer.  In- 
deed, we  may  believe  that  the  original  settlers  could  scarcely  be  deemed  farmers, 
but  supported  themselves  and  families,  in  a  great  part,  by  the  use  of  the  rifle 
and  trap.  Mr.  Thomas  McCord,  though  fearing  that  some  may  not  believe  the 
story,  says  that  he  has  killed  four  deer  at  one  shot,  with  a  single  barreled  shot- 
gun. Mr.  Simpson  McCord  has  had  in  his  possession  a  gun  for  fifty-nine  years, 
which  he  believes  has  killed  over  two  hundred  deer,  and  a  proportionate  amount 
of  other  game.  Times  have  changed.  The  deer  and  wolf  have  gone,  and  their 
places  are  filled  by  the  more  practical  ox,  dog  and  pig.  A  few  nimble  squirrels 
and  timid  rabbits  are  all  that  still  remain. 

PROGRESS. 

From  1840,  to  the  completion  of  the  Illinois  Central  Railroad,  the  country 
settled  but  slowly,  but  after  that  event  a  new  era  seemed  to  dawn,  and  the  town- 
ship rapidly  filled  up,  so  that  in  1855,  there  were  in  the  township  not  less  than 
two  hundred  inhabitants.  Schools  began  to  spring  up,  roads  and  bridges  were 
built,  and  a  better  class  of  buildings  were  taking  the  place  of  the  old  log  cabins. 
Lumber  and  agricultural  implements  were  shipped  to  within  a  dozep  miles,  and 
fences  and  houses  began  to  relieve  the  barren  look  of  the  praii-ie. 

SCHOOLS. 

As  early  as  1840,  a  cabin  was  built  on  Section  28,  for  the  purpose  of  estab- 
lishing a  school.  The  first  term  taught  in  it  was  by  Wm.  Armstrong.  Whoever 
he  was  or  is,  for  his  name  is  all  that  is  remembered,  he  is  entitled  to  the  honor 
of  being  the  pioneer  educator  of  the  Grove.  This  continued  to  be  the  only 
school  until  1856,  when  the  wants  of  the  township,  in  this  regard,  had  so  in- 
creased, that  a  second  one  was  established,  on  the  north  side  of  the  timber,  on 
Section  20,  and  known  from  that  time  till  now  as  the  Willow  Tree  School.  At 
the  present  time,  there  are  six  good  schools.  The  first  School  Treasurer  was 
Samuel  Arnold,  who  was  appointed  in  1850.  The  school  section  was  sold  in 
1851,  for  the  sum  of  ^3,400.  This,  with  the  addition  of  swamp  land  funds, 
constitutes  the  township  school  fund.     Tlie  total  amount  at  present  is  §3,768.34. 


-^— •   Ti'fiv^! 


CHICAGO 
FORMERLY  OP  METAMORA 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  349 

The  estimated  value  of  school  property,  including  township  funds  and  schoo 
houses,  is  about  $9,000. 

There  are  in  all  348  children,  of  school  age,  that  is,  between  the  ages  of  six 
and  twenty-one,  290  of  whom  attended  school  last  year. 

The  above  items  have  been  taken  from  Mr.  C.  M.  Stephenson's  books.  Mr. 
S.  is  present  Treasurer,  and  has  held  the  office  since  his  appointment  in  1869. 

RELIGION. 

That  there  is  some  of  this  article  in  the  township  cannot  be  doubted,  but  it 
is  not  indicated  by  church  spires,  there  not  being  a  church  building  within  its 
limits.  However,  the  people  are  not  without  church  privileges,  as  there  are 
churches  on  all  sides.  The  German  Baptist  Church,  mentioned  in  Roanoke, 
being  only  across  the  line,  accommodates  a  large  community  in  the  western  part, 
while  churches  at  Secor  and  Benson  accommodate  those  in  the  northern  and 
southern  portions.  Religious  services  have  been  held  in  the  township  almost 
from  the  date  of  its  first  settling;  but  churches,  unlike  schools,  not  being  con- 
fined by  law  to  a  particular  location,  have  been  built  outside,  while  some  of  their 
firmest  pillars  are  inhabitants  of  Greene. 

TOWN    HOUSE. 

This  is,  in  one  sense  of  the  word,  a  "memorial  building,"  as  it  was  erected 
in  the  year  1876.  It  is  a  neat  frame  building,  erected  by  a  tax  levied  on  the 
property  of  the  citizens  of  the  township.  It  is  located  in  the  center  of  the 
township.  It  is  thirty-two  feet  in  length  and  twenty-four  feet  in  width.  It  is 
used  for  the  purpose  of  holding  meetings  of  a  public  character  and  as  a  voting 
place. 

ORGANIZATION. 

The  township  was  organized  April  3,  1855,  by  the  election  of  the  following 
officers  :  Supervisor,  J.  R.  Gaston ;  Town  Clerk,  G.  S.  Woods ;  Assessor,  0. 
D.  Hanna;  Collector,  D.  T.  Patterson ;  Magistrates,  Benjamin  Sample  and  Will- 
iam Harper ;   Constables,  J.  F.  Stephenson  and  J.  F.  Mohr. 

The  present  officers  are:  Aaron  Brubaker,  Supervisor;  V.  Houseworth, 
Clerk;  Bryant  Cawley,  Assessor;  Joseph  Tool,  Collector;  M.  B.  Hammers 
and  C.  L.  Pleasants,  Magistrates;  Stephen  Armstrong,  C.  H.  Tool  and  James 
Jeter,  Highway  Commissioners. 

The  number  of  voters  at  the  organization  was  forty-nine,  which  has  increased 
to  one  hundred  and  ninety.  The  first  assessed  valuation  of  property  was 
$211,531.  The  assessment  last  year  footed  $484,609.  The  population  was 
then  about  two  hundred.  It  has  at  the  present  date  a  population  of  about  one 
thousand. 

WAR    OF    THE    REBELLION. 

We  would  not  forget  that,  when  the  life  of  the  country  was  in  peril,  Greene 
Township  ofiered  her  sacrifice,  and  the  following  brave  men  laid  down  their  lives 
that  the  Union  might  continue :   George  Srasbaugh,  Henry  Trowbridge,  Corey 

H 


350  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

Harvey,   Lott    Haiina,    Lewis   Hanna,   Ansel  Bunting,   Andrew   Betz,   Simon 

Betz,  Francis  I.  McCord  and  Edward  Fifield. 

"  Requiem  eternam  dona  ei^  Domine." 

OTHER    MATTER. 

There  being  no  village  in  this  township,  it  has  not  been  a  natural  abiding 
place  for  lawyers  or  doctors.  There  are  no  stores,  mills  or  factories,  the  people 
supplying  themselves  with  articles  produced  by  these,  as  well  as  with  law, 
physic  and  theology,  from  the  neighboring  villages.  As  hinted  in  a  former 
part  of  this  article,  there  was  at  one  time  a  post  office  located  here.  There 
was,  too,  a  small  store,  kept  by  Isaac  Hammers  and  William  Crossley ;  but, 
upon  the  completion  of  the  railroad,  the  former  was  abandoned  by  the  Govern- 
ment, and  the  latter  removed  to  Panola. 

ROADS. 

Not  until  comparatively  a  late  date  was  much  attention  paid  to  the  build- 
ing of  roads  ;  but  after  the  township  organization  act  went  into  effect,  and  each 
township  w^as  dependent  on  itself  for  its  highways,  the  inhabitants  of  this, 
township  went  to  work  right  earnestly  ;  and  year  after  year  has  seen  some  im- 
provements in  that  direction,  until  at  this  writing  nearly  one  hundred  miles  of 
graded  I'oad  is  the  result  of  a  vast  amount  of  labor. 

THE    ROANOKE    FIRE    INSURANCE. 

This  institution  was  organized  April  2,  1875.  This  is  an  association  of 
farmers  in  this  and  other  townships  of  Woodford  County,  for  the  protection  of 
farmers'  property  against  fire.  It  is  a  mutual  company,  without  charter  or 
capital,  and  relies  entirely  on  the  honor  of  the  members  for  the  payment  of 
assessments,  in  case  of  the  destruction,  by  fire,  of  any  of  the  buildings  of 
the  insured. 

The  membership  fee  is  fifty  cents,  and  the  policy  fee  twenty-five  cents. 
There  is  also  charged,  on  taking  out  the  policy,  ten  cents  on  the  hundred  dol- 
lars, for  two-thirds  of  the  cash  value  of  the  property.  There  are  six  Director* 
of  the  Association,  one  of  whom,  C  W.  Stephenson,  is  Treasurer  and  Secretary. 

There  have  been,  to  date,  one  hundred  and  ninety-five  policies  issued,  rep- 
resenting property  to  the  amount  of  two  hundred  thousand  dollars.  It  is 
claimed  that  this  Association  saves  the  township  two  thousand  dollars  per  year. 

RETROSPECTIVE. 

Though  the  growth  of  this  township  has  not  been  so  rapid,  numerically  and 
financially,  as  some  others,  yet  it  will  be  seen,  by  a  casual  observer,  that  its 
growth  has  been  solid.  The  population  is  mainly  made  up  of  thrifty,  industri- 
ous and  honest  Virginians  and  natives  of  adjoining  States,  who  came  to  this 
country,  not  for  political  or  other  ambitious  designs,  but  to  procure  for  them- 
selves and  children  comfortable  homes.  As  a  result  of  their  zeal  and  industry, 
we  find  here  a  township  dotted  all  over  with  elegant  houses  and  barns,  and  well 
cultivated  fields ;  and  prosperity  and  thrift  are  everywhere  visible. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  351 


CAZENOVIA  TOWNSHIP. 

Cazenovia  lies  in  the  northern  tier  of  townships  of  Woodford  County,  and  is 
bounded  on  the  west  by  Partridge,  south  by  Metamora,  east  by  Linn  and  north 
by  Marshall  County.  About  two-thirds  of  the  township  is  prairie  land,  while 
the  remainder  is  pretty  well  supplied  with  timber  of  an  excellent  quality.  The 
prairie  is  among  the  finest  farming  lands  of  the  county,  and  is  of  a  generally 
level  surfice,  but  the  timbered  land,  especially  along  Richland  Creek,  which  has 
its  source  in  the  township  and  flows  westward  through  Partridge  into  the  Illi- 
nois River,  is  broken  and  uneven,  sometimes  rising  almost  into  bluffs.  It  is 
known  as  Township  28  north.  Range  2  west,  and  in  1877  had  an  assessed  val- 
uation of  taxable  property,  personal  and  real,  of  $601,372.00. 

THE    FIRST    SETTLEMENT. 

Many  of  the  early  settlers  of  Cazenovia  were  from  Pennsylvania,  the  old 
Keystone  of  the  American  Union,  although  the  i^ery  first  settlement  of  which 
we  have  any  definite  information,  was  made  by  a  man  named  Hubbard,  and  his 
son-in-law,  who  came  from  Virginia,  and  made  a  settlement  on  what  is  now 
known  as  the  Dodd's  place,  near  Low  Point  village.  Hubbard  and  his  son-in-law 
built  a  cabin  here  in  the  Spring  of  1832,  which  is  supposed  to  have  been  the 
first  in  the  township.  This  was  the  commencement  of  the  Low  Point  settle- 
ment, and  attained  its  name  from  being  a  kind  of  point,  or  grove  of  timber, 
several  feet  lower  than  the  general  level  of  the  surrounding  prairie.  From  this 
date  on  to  1835,  there  were  added  to  the  settlement  the  Buckingliams,  the 
Mundells,  the  Joneses  and  the  Hammerses,  who  all  came  from  the  same  section 
of  Pennsylvania.  Isaac  Buckingham  and  his  son  Morgan  Buckingham  came 
in  the  Summer  of  1832,  and  settled  first  at  Lacon,  then  called  Columbia,  where 
they  remained  but  a  short  time,  when  they  removed  to  this  township,  and  perma- 
nently settled  a  little  south  of  the  present  village  of  Washburn,  and  not  far  from 
Low  Point.  Judge  Wm.  E.  Buckingham,  now  living  within  half  a  mile  of  the 
village  of  Washburn,  was  originally  from  the  Pennsylvania  settlement,  but  had 
resided  in  Ohio  several  years  previous  to  his  settlement  in  Cazenovia  Township. 
This  old  family  trace  their  lineage  back  in  an  unbroken  line  to  Thomas  Buck- 
ingham, the  Puritan  preacher,  who  came  to  America  in  the  Mayflower,  and 
through  him  direct  to  the  Dukes  of  Buckingham.  We  make  the  following 
extract  from  their  genealogical  record  published  some  years  ago,  and  a  copy  of 
which  is  in  possession  of  Judge  W.  E.  Buckingham :  "  Thomas  Buckingham, 
the  Puritan  settler  and  ancestor  of  all  the  American  Buckinghams,  was  one  of 
the  congregation  to  which  Eaton  and  Hopkins,  the  London  merchants,  and  two 
ministers,  Davenports  and  Prudden,  belonged.  They  sailed  from  London  on  the 
26th  of  June,  1637,  and  settled  originally  in  Connecticut."  Judge  Bucking- 
ham is  a  nephew  of  Isaac  Buckingham,  and  came  to  the  town   several  year* 


352  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

later,  and  is  the  only  one  of  the  old  stock  now  living,  Isaac  Buckingham 
entered  a  great  deal  of  land  on  the  prairie  in  the  vicinity  of  the  Low  Point  set- 
tlement, and  it  was  told  by  Jesse  Dale,  that  James  Boys  an  old  settler  of 
Metamora  Township,  inquired  one  day,  soon  after  his  arrival  in  the  country,  if 
that  land  was  entered,  glancing  across  the  prairie.     He  was  informed  that  it  had 

been  entered  by  Isaac  Buckingham.     "Well,"  said  Boys,  "  he  is  a fool 

to  enter  such  land  as  that."      "  The  next  time  I  saw  him,"  said  Dale,  "lie  had 

married  the fool's  daughter." 

Isaac  Buckinorham  died  in  1836-7.  and  his  was  one  of  the  first  deaths  to 

CD 

occur  in  the  township.  Indeed,  the  Buckinghams  seemed  to  have  been  a  short- 
lived race,  none  of  the  old  set  surviving  much  beyond  50,  and  few  reaching  that 
half-way  station.  We  were  shown  the  little  log  cabin — quite  a  pretentious 
dwelling  in  its  day — in  which  Morgan  Buckingham  died.  It  is  on  the  place 
where  G.  W.  Newell  now  lives,  and  is  a  mile  or  two  west  of  Low  Point  village. 
Mr.  Buckingham  was  among  the  first  Justices  of  the  Peace  in  Woodford  County, 
an  enercretic  man  and  a  leading  citizen  of  the  neighborhood. 

Jesse  Dale,  mentioned  in  other  chapters  of  this  work,  seems  to  have  been  a 
kind  of  migratory  character,  who  was  not  satisfied  long  in  one  place.  We  find 
him  in  the  Spring  Bay  settlement  among  the  first ;  a  few  years  later  in  the  set- 
tlement at  Partridge  Point,  or  Metamora,  as  it  was  afterward  called,  and  in  the 
Low  Point  Settlement  with  the  very  earliest.  Some  of  the  survivors  of  this 
settlement  are  of  opinion  that  Dale  built  the  first  cabin  in  Cazenovia  Township ; 
but  from  other  and  more  definite  information,  we  are  inclined  to  accredit  the 
building  of  the  first  house  to  Hubbard,  as  already  noted. 

The  Mundells,  three  brothers  named  x\.bner,  Simeon  and  Samuel,  came  in 
1835.  Abner  came  early  in  the  season  and  the  other  two  about  six  months 
later.  As  stated,  they  were  from  Pennsylvania,  and  entered  land  in  the  vicinity 
of  the  Low  Point  settlement.  Abner  Mundell  lived  for  many  years  in  this 
township,  but  in  1861  removed  into  Metamora  Township,  where  he  at  present 
resides,  a  prosperous  farmer  and  much  respected  citizen.  He  was  in  Chicago 
four  years  before  he  removed  to  the  State,  and  related  to  us  that  they  were  then 
building  the  first  brick  house  ever  erected  in  the  Garden  City.  It  was  down  by 
the  river,  a  little  west  of  the  barracks,  and  near  Hubbard's  old  trading  post. 
Simeon  Mundell  went  to  California  in  the  Spring  of  1849,  during  the  gold  fever 
of  that  period,  where  he  remained  until  April,  1852.  While  in  California,  he 
staid  some  time  with  a  couple  who  kept  an  eating  house,  and.  leaving  a  thousand 
dollars  in  gold  dust  with  them,  one  day,  for  safe  keeping,  they  suddenly 
decamped  while  he  was  absent,  and,  through  some  trifling  oversight  on  their 
part,  carried  off  his  gold  dust — probably  by  mistake.  Suffice  it,  he  never 
heard  of  them  or  his  lucre  afterward.  More  fortunate  than  thousands  of  others 
who  went  to  California  to  seek  their  fortunes  on  its  gold-washed  shores,  notwith- 
standing the  loss  above  narrated,  he  succeeded  in  accumulating  considerable 
gold,  with  which  he  returned  to   Illmois,  intending  to  go  back  to  the  Golden 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  353 

State  in  the  Fall ;  but  a  younger  brother,  who  had  gone  to  California  with  him, 
and  vvhom  he  had  left  there  in  cliarge  of  their  affairs,  had  become  dist'-usted  with 
the  place,  sold  out  and  came  home  before  he  had  completed  his  arrangements  to 
go  back.  His  brother  lives  now  in  Texas,  and  Simeon  still  remains  on  his  old 
homestead,  in  Cazenovia  Township.  Samuel  Mundell  lives  upon  the  site  of  his 
original  settlement.  When  the  Mundells  came  to  the  settlement,  they  found  the 
Buckinghams,  Jesse  Hammers,  James  Owen,  Thomas  Jones  and  Isaac  Black, 
and  perhaps  a  few  others,  settled  around  the  grove  of  timber  called  Low  Point. 

Jesse  Hammers,  another  old  Pennsylvanian,  settled  in  this  township  in  1885, 
and  within  half  a  mile  of  the  present  village  of  Cazenovia,  where  he  still  resides. 
His  first  cabin  is  still  standing,  though  it  has  long  since  given  place  to  his  ele- 
gant frame  residence,  and  has  been  torn  down  and  removed  on  to  a  neighbor- 
ing farm.  It  was  built  of  large  logs,  twenty  feet  long,  and  was  a  substantial 
building.  Mr.  Hammers  bought  some  of  his  land,  entered  some,  and  also 
received  some  from  his  father-in-law,  Isaac  Buckingham.  He  was  the  first 
President  of  the  Woodford  County  Agricultural  Society,  an  office  he  held  for 
several  years.  He  took  an  active  interest  in  getting  the  present  railroad  through 
the  township,  and  was  Vice  President  of  the  first  association  formed  for  the  old 
Tonica  &  Petersburg  Road,  so  much  talked  of  years  ago,  and  when  at  one  time 
they  commenced  to  grade  it,  the  President  being  absent,  it  devolved  on  Mr. 
Hammers,  as  Vice  President,  to  throw  the  first  shovel  of  dirt,  which  he  did 
with  all  due  solemnity. 

Thomas  Jones,  still  another  Pennsylvanian,  and  related  to  the  Buckinghams, 
settled  in  this  town  in  1832-8,  near  the  present  village  of  Low  Point.  They, 
through  their  relationship  with  the  Buckingham  family,  traced  their  descent 
back  to  the  same  noble  source.  Isaac  Moulton  and  the  Morses  settled  near  Low 
Point  very  early,  Moulton  in  1832-3,  and  the  Morses  in  1885.  As  the  latter 
in  a  short  time  removed  into  Metamora  Township,  where  the  survivors  of  the 
family  still  live,  their  history  is  given  in  the  chapter  devoted  to  that  township. 
Isaac  Moulton  first  settled  in  the  present  town  of  Worth,  but  soon  came  to 
Cazenovia,  where  he  settled  permanently. 

Rev.  James  Owen  was  born  in  Fairfax  County,  Va.,  in  1801,  and  removed  with 
his  father's  family  to  Kentucky,  where  they  remained  three  years.  They  came  to 
Illinois,  and  settled  in  Wayne  County  in  the  Spring  of  1819.  They  crossed  the 
river,  on  their  trip  to  this  State,  at  Shawneetown,  when  there  was  but  one  store 
m  that  city,  and  but  few  other  houses.  In  his  trips  back  and  forth,  Mr.  Owen 
has  crossed  the  Mississippi  at  Shawneet_own  seven  times.  He  remained  in 
Wayne  County  with  his  fiither's  family  until  1835,  when  he  removed  to  Wood- 
ford County,  and  settled  in  Cazenovia,  near  the  line  between  it  and  Partridge 
Township.  He  made  a  trip  to  this  county  the  year  previous  to  his  removal  to 
visit  his  brother,  who  had  settled  at  Walnut  Grove  in  1829.  While  he  yet  lived 
in  Wayne  County,  he  had  a  horse  stolen,  and  followed  the  thief  over  five  hundred 
miles,  and  finally  succeeded  in  recovering  his  horse  in  a  distant  part  of  Indiana, 


354  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

but  failed  to  bag  the  thief,  who,  when  he  found  he  was  getting  into  close  quar- 
ters, abandoned  the  nag  and  made  his  escape.  When  Mr.  Owen  settled  on  his 
present  place  in  1835,  on  the  bluff  overlooking  one  of  the  branches  of  Rich- 
land Creek,  there  were  but  a  few  large  trees  scattered  over  the  plain,  which 
Kentuckians  and  Virginians  call  '"barrens."  The  beautiful  young  forest  sur- 
rounding him  now  has  grown  up  since.  He. brought  with  him  a  lot  of  scions, 
or  roots  of  apple,  peach,  pear  and  cherry  trees,  in  a  box  of  dirt,  which  he 
planted  in  the  moist  earth  near  a  fine  spring  of  water,  and  though  it  was  in  the 
month  of  May  they  grew  and  flourished.  The  next  year  he  planted  his  young 
trees  in  an  orchard  prepared  for  the  purpose,  Avhere  he  soon  had  a  variety  of 
fruit.  This  was  the  first  orchard  in  the  township  ;  some  of  the  trees  are  still 
standino;,  and,  unlike  the  barren  fig  tree,  are  brinorino-  forth  good  fruit.  Previous 
to  his  effort  at  fruit,  there  had  been  nothing  of  the  kind  in  the  neighborhood 
but  wild  plums  and  crab  apples.  Mr.  Owen  entered  land  as  he  needed  it,  and 
could  pay  for  it,  and  at  one  time  owned  several  farms,  which  he  let  out  to  ten- 
ants. But  finding  that  only  what  he  himself  superintended  was  a  paying  invest- 
ment, he  sold  off  all  of  his  superfluous  lands,  and  retained  only  a  suflSciency  for 
the  wants  of  himself  and  family.  His  house  was  the  voting  place  when  there 
were  but  three  precincts  and  three  voting  places  in  the  county,  and  many  are 
the  lively  times  and  stirring  scenes  enacted  on  the  old  bluff,  when  the  Partridge 
and  Spring  Bay  Hills  poured  out  their  hardy  yeomanry  and  naturalized  voters 
to  exercise  their  rights  of  franchise  at  the  ballot  box.  All  little  neighborhood 
disputes  were  settled  at  this  annual  assembling  of  the  clans,  and  with  Avhisky  at 
twenty  cents  a  gallon,*  the  crowd  never  lacked  for  the  exhilarating  beverage, 
which  generally  aided  them  very  materially  to  cancel  their  slight  differences. 

Mr.  Owen  has  been  a  great  hunter  in  his  day,  and  has  probably  killed  more 
deer  than  he  has  seen  years,  although  he  is  verging  on  to  his  four  score.  He 
informed  us  that  in  1848  he  killed  fifty-two  foxes,  and  that  "  it  was  not  a  very 
good  year  either  for  foxes."  He  had  the  first  pack  of  hounds  ever  introduced 
into  the  township,  and  thus  waged  a  bitter  warfare  against  the  whole  fox  tribe — 
those  arrant  foes  to  young  pigs  and  lambs.  He  was  intimately  acquainted  with 
Abraham  Lincoln,  and,  though  a  life-long  Democrat,  quite  a  strong  friendship 
existed  between  them  :  and  he,  to  use  his  own  words,  "  used  to  have  lots  of  fun 
with  Honest  Old  Abe."  As  a  relic  of  the  past,  Mr.  Owen  has  a  bill  of  the  gen- 
uine old  Continental  money,  dated  in  1779,  of  the  denomination  of  forty  dol- 
lars, and  signed  by  "John  Graff"  and  "J.  C.  Masoner."  It  looks  as  little 
like  the  present  United  States  notes  as  a  counterfeit  nickel  resembles  a  twenty - 
dollar  gold  piece. 

James  G.  Bayne  came  from  Brown  County,  Ohio,  and  is  a  Buckeye  of  the 
genuine  stamp.  Though  scarcely  ranking  as  an  old  settler,  according  to  the 
common  acceptation  of  the  term  in  Woodford  County,  he  having  settled  here  in 

*  We  have  the  word  of  old  settlers  for  the  fact,  that  a  good  coonskin   would,  ia  those  primitive  days,  buy  a  galloa 
of  liquor. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  355 

1846,  yet  he  has  always  been  a  prominent  character,  and  foremost  in  every 
work  of  enterprise  calculated  to  promote  the  interests  of  his  town  and  county. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Constitutional  Convention  in  1869-70,  and  the  record 
of  that  august  body  shows  that  he  was  no  idle  "looker  on  in  Venice,"  but  a 
zealous  worker.  He  was  the  first  Township  Clerk,  and  for  twenty  years  School 
Treasurer.  He  states  that  when  Treasurer,  away  back  in  the  old  days  of  hard 
money,  he  used  to  have  a  great  deal  of  the  funds  in  silver,  and  often  put  it  in 
an  old  oven  and  buried  it  in  his  garden,  "  under  the  raspberry  bushes,"  as  a  place 
of  safety.  A  few  years  ago,  he  made  a  canvass  for  Congress,  and  while  he  had, 
perhaps,  as  good  friends  as  any  man  in  like  circumstances,  yet  he  did  not  have 
quite  enough  of  them,  and  consequently  was  defeated.  He  took  an  active  part 
in  getting  the  railroad  through  his  township,  and  its  final  accomplishment  is 
due  as  much  to  him  as  any  man  who  favored  the  movementj  Upon  his  arrival 
here,  he  settled  at  the  present  village  of  Low  Point,  though  just  outside  of  the 
<3orporate  limits  of  the  village,  and  where  he  still  resides. 

THE    FIRST    PO=?T    OFFICE. 

In  1849,  a  post  ofiice  was  established  in  the  Low  Point  settlement,  which 
was  the  first  in  the  township.  Wm.  Dodds  was  the  first  Postmaster,  and  the 
■office  was  kept  in  that  neighborhood  until  the  village  was  laid  out,  in  1871, 
when  it  was  removed  into  the  corporation.  With  many  changes  in  the  admin- 
istration of  its  affairs,  the  office  has  passed  into  the  hands  of  John  E.  Dodds, 
who  is  at  present  Postmaster. 

The  first  blacksmith  in  the  township  was  Morgan  Buckingham,  Sr.,  who 
kept  a  shop  on  his  place  soon  after  his  settlement.  He  was  probably  the  first 
Justice  of  the  Peace  also,  as  we  have  no  information  of  one  prior  to  him  in  the 
town.     At  all  events,  he  was  the  first  after  the  county  was  organized. 

The  first  store  of  which  we  have  any  definite  record  was  a  little  grocery 
store  kept  by  James  Owen,  at  his  own  house,  at  a  very  early  day  of  the  settle- 
ment of  the  town.  He  kept  sugar,  coffee,  molasses  and  such  things  as  were 
actual  necessities  in  the  neighborhood.  Mr.  Owen  likewise  built  the  first  barn 
in  the  township,'  which,  like  its  founder  and  builder,  is  showing  the  eff"ects  of 
age.  It  was  considered  an  enterprise  of  such  magnitude  that  he  climbed  to 
the  "  ridge  pole  " — whatever  that  was — to  take  a  look  at  his  surroundings,  and 
those  present,  who  had  helped  him  "  raise  it,"  called  for  a  speech,  and  "  Uncle 
Jimmy,"  from  his  lofty  rostrum,  entertained  his  hearers  for  some  time  upon  the 
events  of  the  day.  His  residence  was  the  first  house  with  a  brick  chimney. 
Previously  chimneys  were  built  of  wood,  sticks  and  mud.  His  house  was  of 
loss,  and  built  in  1835,  but  since  "  weather-boarded  "  with  lumber  from  Jenkins' 
circular  saw-mill,  the  first  of  the  kind  in'  the  township  ;  was  put  in  operation  in 
1847,  and  operated  by  horse  power.  His  barn  was  built  of  material  from  the 
same  mill.  The  brick  used  in  his  chimney  was  made  by  Heddrick  Brothers, 
who  burnt  a  kiln  near  the  north  line  of  the  town  in  1835,  of  excellent  brick. 


35  6  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

BIRTH.   DEATH.  MARRIAGE. 

From  the  best  information  to  be  obtained,  James  Boys  and  Miss  Jane  Buck- 
ino-ham,  a  daughter  of  Isaac  Buckingham,  was  the  first  marriage  in  Cazenovia 
ToAvnship.  Their  nuptials  were  celebrated  in  1833,  and  the  hymenial  knot 
was  tied  by  Daniel  Meek,  Justice  of  the  Peace.  Since  that  date,  many  others 
have  gone  and  done  likewise.  Their  daughter,  Mary,  is  supposed  to  have  been 
the  first  child  born  in  the  town.  Just  when  the  '•  fantastic  rider  of  the  pale 
hoi-se  "'  first  entered  the  settlement,  or  who  was  his  first  victim,  we  do  not 
definitely  know.  But  the  several  graveyards,  with  their  white  tombstones 
standing  here  and  there  like  sentinel  soldiers,  show  that  he  has  been  here,  and 
that  old  and  young  have  fallen  in  his  track. 

"  Our  birth  is  but  a  starting  place  : 
Life  is  the  running  of  the  race. 

And  death  the  goal ; 
There  all  our  glittering  toys  are  brought — 
That  path  alone,  of  all  unsought, 
Is  found  of  all." 
Isaac  Buckingham  and  a  man  named  Key  were  among  the  first  deaths,  and 
are  recorded  in  1836-7.     Thomas  Jones'  Avife  also  died  about  the  same  time. 
An   old  man  named   Heddrick  died  also  at  an  early  period  of  the  settlement. 
But  after  the  lapse  of  so  many  years,  it  is  difiicult  to  fix  the  precise  dates  of 
these  events. 

The  first  road  throuofh  Cazenovia  was  the  State  road  from  Chicago  to 
Bloomington  and  Springfield,  and  was  the  stage  route  between  those  cities. 
The  stage  carried  the  mail,  and  was  the  first  presentation  of  Uncle  Sam's  com- 
pliments to  the  .settlers  here,  and  was  made  through  the  Low  Point  post  office. 
Parker  Morse,  Sr.,  kept  a  tavern  on  this  road  at  Low  Point,  in  1886-7,  and 
was  the  first  in  the  settlement. 

CHURCHES    AND    SHOOLS. 

The  first  church  in  Cazenoria  Township  was  built  in  1849-50,  by  the  Bap- 
tists, near  where  Simeon  Mundell  now  lives.  The  lumber  was  sawed  by  Jen- 
kins' saw-mill  already  alluded  to.  and  the  building  has  been  converted  into  a 
barn  by  Mr.  Mundell,  since  the  erection  of  the  elegant  church  at  Cazenovia  vil- 
lage. Rev.  .James  Owen,  who  was  a  Baptist,  but  afterward  joined  the  Chris- 
tians, preached  the  first  sermon  in  the  township  in  1835.  and  previous  to  the 
buildins  of  churches,  religious  services  were  held  at  neighbors'  residences,  and 
in  the  school  houses.  Rev.  Mr,  Root,  who  lived  across  the  Illinois  River,  came 
over  occasionally  and  preached,  about  the  same  time. 

The  United  Presbyterian  Church,  one  mile  from  the  village  of  Low  Point, 
was  built  in  1857.  Rev.  P.  H.  Drennan  was  Pastor  at  the  time  of  its  building. 
Rev.  Mr.  McClenahan  was  the  first  Presbyterian  preacher  in  the  town,  and  the 
society  organized  during  his  ministerial  labors  in  1853.  The  church  is  an  ele- 
gant brick  edifice.  40x56  feet,  and  cost  ^3,000.  The  present  Pastor  is  Rev.  R. 
B.  Nesbeth,  and  the  records  number  eighty  members. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  357 


• 


The  Old  School  Presbyterians,  as  they  are  called,  have  a  church  1^  miles 
from  Low  Point,  which  was  buit  a  few  years  after  that  of  the  United  Presbyte- 
rians. It  is  a  good  frame  building  of  modern  style,  well  finished  and  furnished. 
The  society  was  formed  by  Rev.  I.  A.  Corneilson ;  the  present  membership  is 
about  seventy,  and  Rev.  Mr.  Keeling  is  Pastor.  Other  churches  of  the  town- 
ship will  be  noticed  in  the  history  of  villages  in  which  they  are  located. 

The  first  school  house  was  built  near  Mr.  O^ven's  place,  in  1838,  was  of 
unhewn  logs,  and  had  a  wood  chinmey.  It  was  afterward  moved  a  mile  or  two 
east,  into  a  settlement  knoAvn  as  Bricktown,  and  which  was  more  convenient  to 
a  large  number  of  its  patrons.  The  people  seemed  to  have  adopted  a  line  of  the 
Southern  negro's  camp-meeting  song,  to 

"  Keep  de  ark  a  moven," 

for  a  few  years  later  we  find  the  little  old  log  school  house  moved  again,  this 
time  "across  the  hollow."  This  last  move  offended  Bricktown,  and  in  a  fit  of 
pique,  or  independence  perhaps,  buil^  a  small  frame  school  house  in  their  neigh- 
borhood, and  which  was  the  first  of  the  kind  in  the  township.  It  is  still  stand- 
ing, a  monument  to  their  enterprise,  and  doing  duty  as  a  temple  of  learning. 
The  first  schools  taught  in  the  log  school  house  after  it  was  erected  were  by 
George  W,  Taylor  and  Joseph  Perry,  but  it  cannot  be  decided  now  who  had  the 
precedence  as  pedagogue.  The  first  school,  however,  taught  in  Cazenovia  Town- 
ship, and  which  was  probably  the  first  free  school  in  the  State  of  Illinois,  was 
taught  by  Miss  Love  K.  Morse,  as  noticed  in  another  chapter  of  this  history. 

The  present  School  Treasurer.  Frank  N.  Ireland,  has  none  of  the  early 
school  records  in  his  possession.  From  his  last  annual  report  to  the  County 
Superintendent,  we  extract  the  following  : 

No.  of  males  under  21  years 364 

No   of  females  under  21  years 317 

Total 681 

No.  males  between  G  and  21  years 205 

No.  females  between  6  and  21  years : 197 

Total 402 

No.  males  attending  school 159 

No.  females  attending  school 154 

Total 313 

No.  School  Districts  in  township 8 

No.  schools  in  township *  8 

No.  graded  schools  in  township .' 1 

No.  ungraded  schools  in  township 7 

No.  brick  school  houses 1 

No.  frame  school  houses 7 

No.  male  teachers  employed 4 

No.  female  teachers  employed 10 

Total 14 


358  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

Estimated  value  of  school  property $  1^,600.00 

Estimated  value  of  school  libraries 10.00 

Estimated  value  of  school  apparatus 18.00 

Township  fund  for  support  of  schools 2,242.60 

Highest  monthly  wages  paid  teachers 80.00 

Lowest  monthly  wages  paid  teachers 30.00 

Total  amount  paid  teachers 3.063.16 

The  township  is  well  supplied  with  good  substantial  school  houses,  thorough 
teachers,  and  every  facility  for  first-class  common  school  education. 

THE    RAILROAD. 

The  Western  Division  of  the  Chicago  &  Alton  Railroad  crosses  the  township 
diagonally.  It  was  completed  in  1870,  and  the  township,  as  an  organization, 
holds  $50,000  stock  in  the  road.  The  route  was  first  surveyed  under  the  title 
of  the  Tonica  &  Petersburg  Railroad  many  years  ago,  but  little  except  the  sur- 
vey was  done  toward  a  completion  of  the  enterprise  at  that  time.  The  first 
intention  seems  to  have  been  to  build  this  road  south  to  Lincoln  and  north  to 
Peru,  and  after  the  survey  was  made  it  was  chaiiged  to  Petersburg  south  and 
Tonica  north.  But.  under  a  later  dispensation,  it  was  changed  to  its  present 
route  and  built  principally  by  subscriptions  received  along  the  line.  As  a  local 
road,  it  is  doing  a  large  business,  and  has  been  of  material  benefit  to  the  section 
through  which  it  passes.  It  belongs  to  the  Chicago,  Alton  &  St.  Louis  Railroad 
Company,  and  is  known  as  the  Western  Division  of  that  road. 

THE    MORMONS. 

At  an  early  day  there  was  a  Moriuon  Settlement  in  the  northwest  corner  of 
Cazenovia  Township,  Avhich  was  a  source  of  considerable  excitement,  and  at  one 
time  threatened  trouble.  Two  brothers,  Orson  and  Parley  P.  Pratt,  were  the 
chief  prophets  and  elders  of  the  saints  of  this  settlement,  and  exercised  all  the 
functions,  on  a  smaller  scale,  of  Jo.  Smith  or  Brigham  Young.  But  the  low, 
deep  mutterings  of  the  gathering  tempest  warned  these  "Latter-Day  Saints  "  that 
a  collision  was  rapidly  approaching,  and  convinced  them,  too,  of  the  truth  in 
that  faithful  saying,  "  A  prophet  is  not  without  honor,  except  in  his  own  coun- 
try." In  order  to  avoid  "the  Avrath  to  come."  they  suddenly  changed  their 
base  of  operations,  pulled  up  stakes  and  removed  to  Salt  Lake,  where  they  be- 
came big  guns  and  elders  of  the  first  water  under  Brigham.  There  we  will 
leave  them.     With  their  departure,  fizzled  out  ^Nlormonism  in  this  section. 

The  settlement  alluded  to  a  little  space  ago,  called  Bricktown.  was,  at  an 
early  period  of  the  settling  up  of  the  tOAvnship,  a  rather  interesting  neighbor- 
hood. It  was  on  the  plain,  northwest  of  "  Uncle  Jimmy  "  Owens',  and  received 
its  name  from  the  fact  that  there  was  a  brick  yard  there  many  years  ago,  where 
considerable  brick  was  manufactured.  A  little  store  and  grocery  was  once  kept 
in  their  midst,  and  was  quite  a  place  of  resort  on  Saturday  evenings,  and,  per- 
haps, Sundays.  It  was  in  this  settlement  that  the  first  frame  school  house  was 
built   in    Cazenovia   Township ;    and   in   the  grand   march   of  civilization  and 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  359 

refinement,  its  "old-time  pleasantries"  have  passed  away,  and  it  has  settled 
down  into  a  most  excellent  neighborhood,  noted  for  its  energy,  and  enterprise. 

ORIGIN    OF    NAME. 

Cazenovia  Township  received  its  name  from  Oazenovia  Lake,  in  the  State  of 
New  York.  There  were  four  brothers-in-law  living  near  Low  Point,  viz.:  Jeter 
Foster,  Eli  Rich,  Thomas  Clark  and  John  SaflFord,  who  came  from  the  neighbor- 
hood of  the  lake  above  alluded  to,  and  talked  so  much  about  its  beauties  that 
they  finally  received  the  name  of  "  Old  Cazenovia  "  among  their  neighbors. 
The  name  was  bestowed  on  them  in  good  humor,  and  received  in  the  same  spirit, 
and  clung  to  them  until  it  became  almost  as  common  as  their  true  names. 
When  the  county  was  laid  off  and  organized  into  townships,  in  1852,  the  matter 
of  a  name  for  this  one  evoked  considerable  discussion,  until  some  one,  as  a  joke 
on  their  good-natured  neighbors,  proposed  Cazenovia,  which  was  unanimously 
adopted  without  debate. 

John  W.  Acres  was  the  first  Supervisor,  under  township  organization,  and 
James  G.  Bayne,  first  Clerk.  At  present,  P.  Coen  is  Supervisoror,  and  C.  F. 
McCuUoch,  Town  Clerk. 

Politically,  Cazenovia  was  Democratic  in  the  days  of  Whigs  and  Democrats, 
but  from  1860  until  within  the  past  few  years  it  was  Republican.  At  present, 
it  is  a  difficult  matter  to  designate  the  color  of  its  political  faith  or  to  decide 
which  of  the  four  political  parties  extant  has  the  ascendancy.  Of  the  old  line 
Democrats,  the  Republicans,  National  Greenbackers,  and  Independents,  it  is 
not  easy  to  tell  just  which  way  the  town  would  now  go,  in  a  national  contest. 

WAR    RECORD. 

During  the  late  war,  Cazenovia  did  her  whole  duty  in  furnishing  troops,  but, 
like  other  portions  of  Woodford  County,  failed  to  get  the  proper  credits  for  all 
her  men,  and,  as  a  consequence,  was  subjected  to  a  draft  before  the  final  wind-up 
of  the  unpleasantness. 

Among  the  officers  whose  names  are  inscribed  on  the  roll  of  fame  are  Capt. 
McCuUoch,  who  is  reported  from  Metaraora  Township  ;  Lieut.  Philip  Jenkins, 
Co.  C,  Seventy-seventh  Regiment  Illinois  Volunteers  ;  C.  F.  McCuUoch,  Second 
Lieutenant  of  the  same  company  and  regiment,  and  Lieut.  Anderson  Wright, 
who  was  promoted  to  the  place  of  Jenkins,  when  his  failing  health  forced  him 
to  resign  his  office.  Of  the  brave  boys  who  filled  up  the  ranks  and  bore  the 
brunt  of  the  strife,  their  record  is  written  on  many  a  Southern  battle  field,  and 
many  lonely  graves  bear  silent  witness  to  their  deeds. 

"  Not  forever  have  they  left  us, 

Those  for  whom  we  shed  our  tears  ; 
Not  forever  shall  our  niouniiiig 
Darken  long  and  weary  years." 

When  Mr.  Owen  settled  in  the  township,  there  were  traces  of  an  Indian 
camp  plainly  visible  about  one  and  a  half  miles  from  where  he  settled.     But 


360  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

the  Indians   themselves  had  "gone  West  to  grow  up  with  the  country,"  and 
their  hunting  grounds  had  been  appropriated  by  the  pale  faces. 

TOWNS    AND    VILLAGES. 

The  old  town  of  Washburn,  as  it  is  still  called,  was  laid  out  in  1851,  by 
Hiram  Echols,  who  owned  the  land  on  which  it  was  situated.  The  old  town 
was  mostly  in  ^Nlai'shall  County,  but  on  the  line  between  it  and  Woodford.  The 
first  lots,  which  were  50x150  feet,  were  sold  at  public  auction,  and  brought  the 
rousing  figures  of  from  $3.00  to  $15.00  apiece.  The  place  was  first  called 
Uniontown ;  but  upon  ascertaining  that  there  was  another  Uniontown  in  the 
State  it  was  changed  to  Mantua,  which  was  likewise  a  duplicate  name,  when 
Washburn  was  finally  decided  upon,  which  name  it  still  retains,  and  which  was 
that  of  the  first  post  office  established  here. 

William  Maxwell,  now  of  Lacon,  was  the  first  Postmaster,  and  the  office 
was  established  several  years  before  the  town  was  laid  out.  The  first  store  was 
kept  by  Americus  Pogue,  who  is  now  a  wealthy  man  and  is  living  at  Richmond, 
Ind. 

Jesse  Hammers  built  the  first  large  stone  building  ;  and  Dr.  Thomas,  now 
living  at  Lacon,  and  who  bought  a  whole  block  at  the  sale  of  lots,  put  up  the 
first  residence. 

August  Younker,  who  came  from  Germany,  in  1854,  stopping  in  New- 
Orleans  two  years,  came  here  in  1856,  where  he  has  since  remained.  In  1869, 
he  built  a  large  steam  grist-mill,  the  only  one  in  the  township.  It  is  a  two-story 
frame  structure,  has  two  runs  of  burs,  cost  $9,000,  and  has  a  capacity  of  about 
150  bushels  of  grain  per  day. 

Peleg  Sweet,  another  of  the  enterprising  men  of  the  old  town  of  Washburn, 
was  from  New  York.  He  settled  first  in  Morgan  County,  and  came  to  Wash- 
burn in  1847,  where  he  took  an  active  part  in  building  up  the  town. 

The  magnificent  brick  school  house  of  Washburn  is  in  the  old  town,  and 
consequently  in  the  county  of  Marshall. 

The  new  village  of  Washburn  was  laid  out  in  1870,  when  the  certainty  of  a 
railroad  became  apparent,  and  is  wholly  in  Woodford  County,  but  just  across 
the  line  from  the  old  town,  and  is  on  the  Western  Division  of  the  C.  &  A.  Rail- 
road, about  nine  miles  north  of  Metamora.  It  was  incorporated  as  a  village  in 
July,  1873,  and  the  following  Board  of  Trustees  elected,  viz.:  Geo.  C.  Butler, 
F.  Bennecke,  S.  W.  McCullough,  Samuel  Patrick,  Henry  Sangbush  and  J.  G. 
Harris.  The  Board  organized  for  business  by  electing  S.  W.  McCullough,  Pres- 
ident, and  M.  S.  Fulton,  Clerk.  F.  N.  Ireland  was  elected  Treasurer,  R.  H. 
Richards,  Constable,  and  William  Cotton,  Street  Commissioner. 

The  Washburn  JVetvs,  a  live,  seven-column  newspaper,  was  established  in 
December,  1877,  by  S.  C.  Bruce,  a  practical  printer,  and  who  is  editor  and 
proprietor.  It  is  Independent  on  all  political  issues,  and  is  noted  for  being  the 
only  paper  in  the  county  that  uses  no  patent  side. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  361 

The  Washburn  Bank  was  established  in  1870,  by  Frank  N.  Ireland,  who  is 
sole  owner  of  it,  and  who  carries  on  the  banking  business  in  all  its  depart- 
ments. 

The  village  has  two  general  stores,  three  grocery  stores,  two  lumber  yards, 
two  furniture  stores,  two  drug  stores,  three  saloons,  two  shoe  stores,  two  harness 
shops,  four  wagon  and  blacksmith  shops,  three  hotels,  one  livery  stable,  and  all 
branches  of  general  business  are  well  represented. 

The  legal  fraternity  is  represented  by  Messrs.  S.  B.  Jones  and  George  P. 
(rill ;  and  the  medical  bureau  is  composed  of  Drs.  N.  V.  Maloney,  Jas.  Tweed- 
dale  and  Garrett  Newkirk. 

The  grain  elevator  was  built  by  S.  W.  McCullough,  in  1870,  and  cost,  in- 
cluding its  steam  power,  about  $7,000.  It  has  a  capacity  of  12,000  bushels 
is  still  owned  by  its  builder,  Mr.  McCullough,  who  handles  annually  about 
200,000  bushels  of  grain,  mostly  corn  and  oats,  with  a  few  car  loads  of  rye,  by 
way  of  variety. 

THE    CHURCHES. 

The  Baptist  Society  was  formed  in  1852,  under  the  pastoral  charge  of  Rev. 
Mr.  Freeman.  The  church  was  built  in  1855-6,  and  Rev.  C.  D.  Merritt  was 
the  first  Pastor.  It  is  a  frame  building,  36x50  feet  in  size,  cost  $1,800,  and 
has  about  fifty  members.  There  is  no  Pastor  in  charge  of  it  at  present.  Rev. 
J.  B.  Brown,  late  Pastor,  having  recently  resigned  his  position. 

The  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  was  built  about  1863,  and  dedicated  by 
Revs.  Mr.  Munsell  and  Mr.  Evans ;  the  former,  at  the  time,  was  President  of 
the  University  at  Bloomington,  and  the  latter  is  now  President  of  Abingdon 
College.  The  society  was  organized  in  1857.  Rev.  Mr.  Suedaker  was  Pastor 
when  the  church  was  built,  and  Rev.  Mr.  Applebee  is  present  Pastor.  The 
edifice  is  30x48  feet,  cost  about  $2,000,  and  has  a  membership  of  about  forty. 

The  German  Evangelical  Church  was  built  in  1877,  and  is  an  elegjint  little 
frame  edifice,  furnished  in  the  highest  style  of  modern  architecture,  and  cost 
$1,500.  They  have  no  Pastor  at  present.  Rev.  H.  Eller  having  lately  left  the 
charge. 

In  addition  to  these  churches,  there  are,  in  the  old  town,  the  Christian,  Pres- 
byterian and  German  Luthei'an.  Rev.  W.  Keeling  is  Pastor  of  the  Presbyte- 
rian ;  Rev.  F.  Ledebur,  of  the  German  Lutheran,  while  the  Christian  Church 
has  no  settled  Pastor. 

Washburn  Lodge,  No.  421,  A.,  F.  &  A.  M.,  was  organized  in  1861,  with 
James  Freeman  as  Master.  It  has  about  thirty  members  at  present,  but  at  one 
time  had  upward  of  eighty.  Many  of  them  have  dimitted  to  form  other  Lodges, 
and  some  to  remove  to  other  sections  of  the  country.  G.  Burson  is  the  present 
Master,  and  Charles  Cutler,  Secretary. 

The  order  of  Odd  Fellows  is  represented  by  Washburn  Lodge,  No.  546, 
I.  0.  0.  F.     N.  V.  Maloney  is  Noble  Grand,  and  H.  Gill,  Secretary. 


362  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

There  is  a  cemetery  adjacent  to  the  Baptist  Church,  and  another  on  the 
Sweet  place,  where  slumber  many  of  the  early  citizens  of  the  old  town.  About 
1869-70,  a  cemetery  was  laid  out  one  mile  southeast  of  the  new  village,  and 
which  is  quite  a  handsome  little  city  of  the  dead. 

LOW    POINT, 

The  town  of  Low  Point  is  on  the  railroad,  about  four  miles  south  of  Wash- 
burn, and  is  located  on  Section  22  of  the  township.  It  was  surveyed  and  laid 
out  by  D.  H.  Davison,  County  Surveyor,  in  1871,  foi-  James  G.  Bayne,  who 
owned  the  land.  The  first  house  was  built  by  Piper,  Bayne  &  Co.,  just  after 
the  town  was  laid  out,  and  was  a  store  house.  The  school  house  was  built  in 
1848,  long  before  the  village  of  Low  Point  was  dreamed  of,  and  the  first  school 
was  taught  in  it  by  Orson  Cheedle.  The  present  teacher  is  Miss  Ella  Dodds, 
who  has  a  large  attendance  of  pupils,  and  is  represented  as  an  excellent  teacher. 
An  association  was  formed  in  1874  for  the  purpose  of  opening  an  academy. 
Tlie  next  year  an  elegant  academy  building  was  erected,  and  a  school  of  higher 
grade  than  the  public  schools  conducted  in  it  by  Prof  J.  E.  Lamb,  until  De- 
cember, 1876,  when  the  edifice  was  burned  to  the  ground.  It  had  an  average 
of  about  forty  pupils,  and  was  an  institution  in  which  the  citizens  felt  consider- 
able pride.  It  is  a  fact  to  be  regretted  that  the  funds  of  the  association  do  not 
.permit  them  to  rebuild  at  present. 

The  Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  the  only  one  in  the  village,  was  built  in 
1851,  but  the  society  organized  several  years  anterior  to  that  period.  The  build- 
ing is  a  frame  structure,  30x40  feet,  and  cost  about  $1,500.  It  was  dedicated 
by  Rev.  Mr.  Cummins,  who  was  Presiding  Elder  of  the  district.  The  present 
preacher  in  charge  is  Rev.  Mr.  Applebee,  land  the  church  is  in  a  flourishing 
condition.  A  very  pretty  little  cemetery  is  attached  to  the  church,  and  hand- 
somely adorned  with  shrubbery  and  evergreens.  The  first  burial  in  it  was  in 
the  Summer  of  1851,  and  were  two  brothers  named  Pogue,*  who  died  of  cholera 
on  the  same  day,  and  were  both  buried  in  the  same  grave.  They  had  gone  down 
to  the  timber  for  a  load  of  wood,  and  while  absent  ate  some  red  plums,  took 
cholera  and  died  before  they  could  get  home. 

Low  Point  boasts  of  having  the  best  adapted  grain  elevator  outside  of  Chi- 
cago. It  was  built  during  the  Summer  of  1873,  by  Piper,  Bayne  &  Co.,  at  a 
cost  of  $7,000.  It  is  24x40  feet  in  size,  70  feet  in  height,  and  has  a  capacity 
of  20,000  bushels.  A  good  steam  engine  is  attached.  They  handle,  princi- 
pally, corn  and  oats,  and  about  200,000  bushels  annually. 

The  tile  factory  of  Oscar  Pinkerton  is  quite  an  object  of  interest,  and 
deserves  a  special  notice  in  connection  with  the  business  of  the  place.  Hitherto, 
farmers  could  not  get  tiling  for  drainage  purposes  nearer  than  Joliet.  This 
establishment  turns  out  about  4,000  feet  daily,  and  makes  six  different  sizes,  viz. : 
2J,  3,  3J,  4,  5  and  6  inches.  About  $4,000  is  invested  in  the  business,  and  it 
is  the  first  enterprise  of  the  kind  in  this  section  of  the  country. 

*TheT  were  brothers  of  Americus  Pogue,  mentioned  in  the  history  of  Washburn. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  36S 

The  first  store  in  Low  Point  was  kept  by  John  E.  Dodds,  who  is  still  in  the 
mercantile  business.  There  is  one  other  store,  kept  by  Hornish  Brothers  ;  one 
blacksmith  and  wagon  shop,  by  Ellsworth,  which,  with  what  has  already  been 
noticed,  constitutes  the  business  of  the  town.  The  name  of  Low  Point  was 
taken  from  the  oldest  settlement  in  the  township,  which  was  long  known  by  the 
same  title. 

CAZENOVIA    TOWN. 

The  town  of  Cazenovia  is  situated  on  the  Western  Division  of  the  C.  &  A. 
Railroad,  about  four  miles  north  of  Metaraora,  and  occupies  twenty  acres  of  the 
southeast  corner  of  Section  28,  and  nineteen  acres  of  the  northeast  corner  of 
Section  33,  together  with  about  eight  acres  belonging  to  the  railroad.  It  was 
surveyed  by  D.  H.  Davison,  in  September,  1870,  for  E.  N.  Farnsworth  and  W. 
0.  Hammers,  who  owned  the  land  and  who  laid  out  the  town. 

The  first  store  was  opened  by  Wikoif  &  Bowen,  in  March,  1871.  The  post 
office  was  established  in  1870,  with  W.  0.  Hammers,  Postmaster.  He  was  suc- 
ceeded by  William  Forbes,  and  he  by  B.  F.  Bowen.  In  August,  1877,  Paul 
J.  Perry,  the  present  incumbent,  received  the  office. 

The  grain  elevator  was  built  in  1871,  by  W.  0.  Hammers  &  Co.,  and  is 
24x40  feet,  thirty-two  feet  from  the  ground  to  the  eaves,  and  cost  $4,000.  It 
has  a  capacity  for  15,000  bushels,  and  has  horse  power  attachment,  good  drive- 
way, etc. 

The  first  house  put  up  after  the  town  was  laid  out  was  the  stone  house  now 
occupied  by  Amsler. 

The  present  business  of  the  place  is  one  general  store,  kept  by  Samuel 
Amsler ;  wagon  and  blacksmith  shop,  by  G.  W.  Clingman  ;  harness  shop,  by 
Jesse  Hammers  ;  and  shoe  shop,  by  G.  W.  Baden. 

THE    BAPTIST    CHURCH 

was  built  in  1873,  during  the  pastoral  service  of  Rev.  W.  B.  James.  It  is  an  ele- 
gant frame,  of  modern  style,  28x36  feet,  cost  $3,600,  and  has  about  115  mem- 
bers, but  is  at  present  without  a  shepherd.  The  ground  occupied  by  it  was  do- 
nated by  Mrs.  Mary  Farnsworth,  for  church  purposes,  as  long  as  thus  used. 
Upon  these  conditions  she  gave  five  lots  to  the  church  society. 

A  school  house  was  built  here  in  1858,  long  before  the  birth  of  the  village. 
It  is  a  good  frame  building.  The  average  attendance  is  thirty  pupils,  and  Miss 
Edith  Bayne  is  teacher. 

The  name  of  Cazenovia  was  bcstoAved  on  the  village  in  honor  of  that  borne 
by  the  township. 

WORTH    TOWNSHIP. 

The  Faderland,  as  Worth  Township  is  sometimes  called,  has  for  its  southern 
boundary  the  line  of  Tazewell  County,  with  Spring  Bay  Township  on  the  west, 
Partridge  on  the  north,  and  Metamora  on  the  east.     About  one-half  of  Worth 


364  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

is  prairie  and  excellent  timbered  land  for  farming  purposes,  while  the  other 
half  is  broken  and  hilly,  with  high  bluffs  and  brakes  along  the  creeks  of  Black 
Partridge,  Ten  Mile  and  their  numerous  branches.  The  bluffs  and  creek  bot- 
toms produce  timber  in  abundance,  and  that  of  a  good  quality.  The  soil  is 
well  watered  by  the  creeks  noted  above,  and  their  tributaries,  and  at  the  same 
time  well  drained  through  these  outlets.  When  we  take  a  survey  of  this  sec- 
tion, of  its  rugged  bluffs  and  timbered  slopes,  with  their  poverty-stricken  soil, 
and  reflect  upon  its  general  inferior  quality,  we  are  ready  to  conclude  that, 
with  all  the  disadvantages  resulting  from  these  sources  taken  into  considera- 
tion, Worth  Township  is  one  of  the  most  flourishing  in  the  county.  No 
railroads  cross  its  boundaries,  nor  any  villages  dot  its  surface ;  but  it  is  a 
thoroughly  farming  community,  and  is  devoted  almost  exclusively  to  farming 
interests.  It  is  known  as  Township  27  north.  Range  3  west  of  the  Third 
Principal  Meridian,  and,  in  1877,  had  an  assessed  valuation  of  taxable  prop- 
erty, personal  and  real,  of  $231,473. 

SETTLEMENT. 

Notwithstanding  a  large  majority  of  the  present  population  of  Worth  Town- 
ship is  from  countries  beyond  the  sea,  yet  the  first  settlements  were  made  by 
our  own  people  As  early  as  1831,  we  find  the  hardy  pioneer  erecting  his 
cabin  in  this  section.  The  first  cabin  in  the  township  is  supposed  to  have  been 
built  by  one  of  the  Sowardses,  of  whom  mention  has  several  times  been  made 
in  these  pages. 

Rev.  Zadock  Hall,  the  old  pioneer  Methodist  preacher — the  co-laborer  in 
the  wilds  of  Illinois  with  the  famous  Peter  Cartwright,  and  who  was  born  in  the 
far-off  State  of  Delaware — came  to  Worth  Township  in  November,  1831,  aud 
pre-empted  a  claim  to  land  where  he  at  present  resides.  He  informs  us  that 
when  he  made  his  claim  he  remembers  but  two  cabins  standing  upon  the  terri- 
tory now  embraced  in  Worth,  and  that  neither  were  then  occupied.  One  of 
them  was  near  the  present  site  of  Germantown,  and  the  other  in  the  western 
part,  near  the  Metamora  line.  The  latter  had  been  built  by  Sowards,  some 
years  before,  but  was  deserted.  Both  of  these  cabins  were  so  small  that,  Mr. 
Hall  said,  to  use  a  backwoods  phrase  of  the  times,  "there  was  not  room  enough 
to  sling  a  cat  around  in  them."  Mr.  Hall  came  first  to  Ohio,  and  settled  near 
Zanesville,  in  1816,  where  he  remained  until  he  came  to  this  county,  as  already 
recorded.  His  was,  probably,  the  first  permanent  settlement  in  what  is  now 
Worth  Township.  He  built  his  house  of  one  room,  which  is  embraced  in  the 
present  elegant  residence  of  his  son,  Lewis  Hall,  in  the  early  part  of  the  year 
1832  ;  and  if  it  was  not  the  first  house,  it  was  at  least  the  first  frame  house  in 
the  town.  He  employed  Albert  J.  Banta  to  assist  him  in  building  it,  and  they 
went  on  Congress  land  to  get  the  timbers  for  it,  without  asking,  of  course,  Uncle 
Sam's  permission.  The  old  gentleman  still  tells  it,  as  a  joke,  that  Mr.  Banta 
remarked  at  the  time  that  everybody  in  Illinois  would  steal,  even  to  the  preach- 


«^ 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  367 

ers.  The  house  he  then  built  has  never  been  out  of  possession  of  the  family. 
Additions  have  been  made  to  it,  and  modern  improvements,  until  it  is  a  hand- 
some and  capacious  residence ;  but  Mr.  Hall  still  retains  as  his  study  the  old 
original  room.  He  first  entered  a  quarter  section  of  land,  and,  like  all  the 
early  settlers,  he  sought  the  timber,  avoiding  the  prairies  as  uninhabitable 
deserts.  When  his  only  son  grew  to  manhood,  and  desired  to  settle  in  life,  Mr. 
Hall  gave  him  half  of  his  land,  and  a  few  years  ago  sold  him  the  remainder  of 
it,  while  he  makes  his  home  with  him,  in  comparative  rest  and  quiet,  after  his 
long  life  of  service  as  a  minister  of  the  Gospel.  He  stated  to  us  that,  a  few- 
years  after  he  came  to  the  neighborhood,  a  man  settled  a  mile  or  two  from  him, 
just  out  on  the  prairie,  and  said  that  he  did  so  because  he  would  always  have 
the  range  beyond  him  for  the  benefit  of  his  own  stock.  A  decade  or  two  con- 
vinced him  of  his  error  on  that  point.  V 

Benjamin  Williams  came  from  Shelbyville,  Ind.,  and  settled  first  in  the 
vicinity  of  Metamora,  in  those  early  times  known  as  Partridge  Point.  It  was 
about  the  year  1829  that  he  settled  where  Peter  Engle  now  lives,  and  sold  the 
claim  to  the  elder  Engle,  upon  his  arrival  in  the  settlement.  He  then  removed 
into  Worth  Township,  and  settled  near  the  line  between  it  and  Spring  Bay. 
He  lived  upon  this  place  until  his  death,  which  occurred  in  September,  1846. 
His  wife  died  in  1864.  She  was  said  to  have  been  a  noble  Christian  woman — 
kind  to  the  poor,  and  a  ministering  angel  among  the  sick  and  distressed.  Mr. 
Williams  was  one  of  the  first  Justices  of  the  Peace  in  the  county,  and  held  the 
office  so  long  ago  that  none  now  living  can  tell  the  date  of  his  appointment. 
There  are  some  amusing  incidents  related  as  having  occurred  in  his  early  courts, 
and  connected  with  his  official  acts.  It  is  said  that  he  once  united  a  couple  in 
the  bonds  of  matrimony,  whose  married  life  disclosed  the  thorns,  without  reveal- 
ing any  of  the  roses  which  are  supposed  to  bloom  along  life's  pathway ;  and 
their  unhappiness  so  troubled  the  good  old  man  that  he  sought  the  advice  of  a 
brother  Justice,  to  know  if  he  could  not  unmarry  them,  arguing  that,  as  he  had 
married  them,  he  certainly  had  the  power  to  undo  his  own  work. 

A  case  once  came  before  him,  and  when  his  son-in-law,  Jeffisrson  Hoshor, 
was  Constable,  wherein  a  Mr.  Brown  had  sued  one  of  the  Sowardses,  and  Sow- 
ards,  in  true  backwoodsman  style,  swore  he  would  "  whip  him  on  sight."  The 
first  time  he  saw  him  was  on  the  day  of  trial,  in  the  Justice's  office,  and,  with- 
out words,  "  pitched  "  into  him.  "  Set  back  the  chairs,"  said  the  'Squire,  de- 
scending from  his  dignified  seat  of  justice,  "and  give  'em  room;  "  nor  would 
he  allow  any  one  to  interfere  until  one  of  them  "  hollered  nuff."  And  thus  the 
case  was  decided. 

His  house  used  to  be  the  voting  place,  when  the  county  was  divided  into 
election  districts,  before  township  organization  ;  and,  with  Hoshor's  still-house 
but  a  few  miles  distant,  the  effect  of  such  an  institution  on  the  native  sons  of  the 
soil  can  be  imagined.  Stirring  scenes  were  often  enacted  at  these  political 
gatherings. 


368  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

His  house  was  often,  too,  the  stopping  place  of  some  wandering  minister  of 
God,  who  always  received  a  hearty  welcome  from  the  old  pioneer.  He  extended 
to  them  a  liberal  hospitality,  in  obedience  to  the  scriptural  injunction,  "  Be  kind 
to  the  wayfaring  man,  for  many  have  so  entertained  angels  unawares."  These 
servants  of  Christ  were  always  invited  to  hold  religious  services  at  his  house,  or 
rather  in  his  barn,  which  was  often  converted  into  a  sanctuary  of  worship,  long 
before  a  house  dedicated  to  religious  purposes  was  built  in  this  section. 

From  "  Sunny  France,"  and  the  bank  of  the  Rhine,  came  Peter  "Webber^ 
Christian  Smith,  Chas.  Molitor,  Joseph  Schertz,  Christian  Belsley,  Jacob 
loerger,  Martin  Sommers,  Peter  Naffziger,  •'  Red  "  Jo.  Belsley,  M.  Wagner, 
and  many  others  who  rank  as  old  settlers.  They  were  from  the  Provinces  of 
Lorraine  and  Alsace,  France,  near  the  frontier,  and  which  now  belong  to  Ger- 
many, and  from  Bavaria  and  other  places  in  Germany  proper. 

Joseph  Schertz  came  to  America  about  1833—4,  and  first  stopped  in  Chicago,, 
where    he    remained    about    seven    weeks.       While    there,  says    that    he    wit- 
nessed the  paying  of  the  Indians  for  their  lands,  and  saw  them  depart  for  their 
new  hunting  grounds  beyond  the  Great  Father  of  Waters.     He  came  next  to 
Peoria  County,  where  he  worked  by  the  month  for  several  years,  when  he  came 
to  Woodford  County,  bought  land,  and  settled  in  Worth  Township  about  one  and 
a  half  miles  from  where  he  now  lives.     In   1864,  he  moved  on  to  his   present 
farm,  which  is  one  among  the  excellent  farms  of  the  township.     Christian  Smith 
came  to  the  United  States  in  1829,  and,  after  spending  four  years  in  Pennsyl- 
vania, came  to  Worth,  where  he  settled  permanently  in  1833,  and  was  one  of 
the  prosperous  farmers  of  the  times.     Peter  Webber  settled  near  Germantown, 
in  this  township,  in  1838,  where  he  resided  until  1866,  when  he  removed  to- 
Linn,  and  in  1871  removed  to  Metamora,  and  settled  two  miles  east  of  the  vil- 
lage.    Chas.  Molitor,  though  born  in  France,  lived  in  Germany  from  the  time 
he  was  six  years  old  until  he  came  to  America,  in   1835,  and  two  years  after 
settled   in  Worth  Township,  where  he  still  lives.     His  father-in-law,  Andrew 
Burcky,  came  the  year  before  and  settled  near  where  Mr.  Molitor  at  present 
resides.     Burcky  died  several  years  ago.     Peter  NafTziger  came  to  Woodford 
County  in  1833,  and  first  settled  in  the  township  of  Olio,  but  about  five  years 
afterward   settled    in  Worth,   where    he    lives    at    present.     Martin    Sommers» 
an  eccentric  old  German,  settled  in  this  township  so  long  ago  that  he  has  for- 
gotten the  date,  but  insists  that  he  has  been  living  in  his  present  cabin  for 
over  forty  years.     It  stands  on  a  high  bluff  overlooking  Wolf  Creek,  a  tributary 
of  Ten  Mile,  and  looks  sufficiently  dilapidated  and  weather-beaten  to  have  been 
built  immediately  after  the  flood  *'  decayed  and  dried  up."     His  first  claim  wa.s. 
made  on  the  State  road,  near  Germantown,  where  Geo.  Noe  now  lives,  but  when 
the  lands  came  into  market  he  entered  his  present  firm.     Jacob  loerger  settled 
in    Worth   in    1839,    on    the    place    where    he    has  ever    since    lived.       The 
Belsleys    came    here    at    an    early    day.      "Red"  Jo    Belsley,    as    he    was 
called,   to  distinguish  him  from  his  cousin,  "Black"  Jo  Belsley,  was  among 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 


369 


the  first  from  La  Belle  France  to  settle  in  this  township.  Mr.  Belsley  settled 
near  the  line  of  Partridge,  where  he  lived  and  died  a  respected  citizen, 
and  a  man  of  considerable  wealth.  Christian  Belsley,  the  youngest  brother 
of  "  Black  "  Jo  Belsley,  sons  of  Michael  Belsley,  came  to  this  country  in 
1836.  He  settled  in  Worth,  while  his  brother  Jo,  who  had  come  out  several 
years  before,  settled  in  Spring  Bay  Township.  Christian  Belsley  has  in  his 
possession  his  father's  old  family  Bible,  which  bears  the  date  of  1560  as  that  of 
its  publication.  It  is  written  in  what  is  called  High  Dutch,  embellished  Avith 
all  the  patois,  dialects,  etc.,  as  used  by  the  diiferent  classes  in  that  early  day, 
and  is  almost  as  difficult  for  the  modern  German  scholar  to  master  as  it  would 
be  in  Sanscrit  or  Arabic.  The  following  is  a  true  copy  of  the  title  page  between 
the  Old  and  New  Testaments  : 


It  is  profusely  illustrated  with  colored  engavings  of  Bible  scenes,  and 
descriptive  of  events  in  the  antediluvian  period,  as  well  as  down  to  and  embrac- 
ing the  Christian  dispensation.  Among  them  may  be  noticed  Lot's  wife 
turned  into  the  pillar  of  salt,  for  looking  back  to  gratify  her  curiosity  as  to  the 
fate  of  their  wicked  city.  Another  is  the  offering  up  of  Isaac  by  Abraham, 
with  a  view  of  the  ram  caught  in  the  thicket  by  his  horns  ;  and  another  of 
Isaac,  where  his  son  Jacob  receives  his  blessing,  after  imposing  on  his  father  in 


370  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

blindness,  while  the  other  son  is  just  appearing  on  the  scene  with  his  offering  of 
genuine  venison.     And  still  another  of 


& 


Jacob,  the  Pilgrim,  when  wearied  by  day, 
With  his  head  on  a  stone  for  a  pillow  he  lay, 

with  his  ladder  extending  from  earth  to  heaven,  upon  which  angels  were  ascend- 
ing and  descending.  Mrs.  Potiphar  tempting  Joseph  is  given  as  a  warning  to 
those  disposed  to  toy  with  the  forbidden  fruit,  and  so  on,  ad  infinitum.  It  is  quite 
a  literary  curiosity,  and  a  relic  that  Mr.  Belsley  prizes  very  highly.  The  book 
is  more  than  six  inches  in  thickness,  with  heavy  board  lids  covered  in  leather, 
and  has  heavy  brass  tips.     There  are  probably  few  similar  relics  in  the  country. 

Virginia,  the  grand  old  mother  of  Presidents  and  the  original  stamping 
ground  of  John  Smith  and  Powhatan,  gave  to  this  township  Andrew  Cress, 
David  Kendig,  Simon  Grove,  James  West,  the  Brownfields,  John  J.  Tool  and 
Rev.  John  Boen.  The  latter  was  from  Virginia,  originally,  but  had  lived  some 
time  in  Indiana  before  he  came  here.  He  settled  in  Worth  about  1833-4, 
and  was  a  local  minister  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church.  He  spent  the 
remainder  of  his  life  in  this  section,  and  died  in  1876. 

Andrew  Cress,  one  of  the  model  farmers  of  Worth  Township,  settled  here 
about  1833.  He  had  made  a  trip  of  inspection  a  year  or  two  before  his  per- 
manent settlement,  and  when  he  moved  hither,  his  mother's  family  came  with 
him.  It  consisted  of  six  brothers  and  their  mother,*  and  their  settlement  was 
made  near  the  Tazewell  County  line.  None  are  living  in  Woodford  at  present, 
except  Andrew,  and  he  is  on  his  original  homestead. 

David  Kendig  came  to  the  town  with  his  father  in  1832.  His  present  farm 
adjoins  Tazewell,  and  is  another  of  the  productive  farms  of  this  splendid  section 
of  country. 

The  Brownfields  also  settled  here  in  1832.  There  were  three  brothers — 
John,  Christian  and  Thomas,  and  all  are  now  dead.  John  was  the  eldest,  and 
the  most  remarkable  fact  connected  with  him  was  that  of  having  nineteen 
children.  He  removed  to  Missouri  in  1838,  where  he  died  sometime  afterward. 
Christian  removed  into  Peoria  County,  and  Thomas  died  in  Worth  Township. 

John  J.  Tool  settled  in  this  township  in  the  Fall  of  1833.  When  Woodford 
County  was  laid  off,  in  1841,  the  line  ran  through  his  house,  but  his  land, 
excepting  a  small  lot,  was  in  Woodford.  He  made  his  claim  by  pre-emption, 
as  the  land  was  not  then  in  the  market.  A  small  body  of  land  in  this  section, 
lying  mostly  in  Worth  and  Metamora  Townships  and  extending,  perhaps,  into 
Tazewell  County,  of  a  kind  of  triangular  shape,  was  by  some  means  overlooked, 
and  did  not  come  into  the  market  for  several  years  after  the  surrounding  lands. 
He  remained  upon  his  original  settlement  until  1849,  when  he  removed  into 
Metamora,  about  two  miles  from  the  village,  where  he  died  in  May,  1871,  at 
the  age  of  four  score  and  six  years.     He  has  left  several  sons — good  citizens — 

*  Their  father  liieil  before  the  family  left  Virginia. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  371 

some  of  Avhom  live  in  Greene  Township,  and  one,  M.  Tool,  lives  in  the  village 
of  Metamora.  Mr.  Tool  was  a  cooper,  and  the  first  mechanic  of  that  branch  of 
industry  in  the  town.  He  was  also  somewhat  of  a  carpefiter,  and  assisted  many 
of  the  first  settlers  to  build  their  first  cabins.  Most  of  the  houses  were  at  that 
time  built  of  logs  in  their  natural  state,  and  he  would  put  up  a  scaffold  and 
"  hew  them  down  "  after  the  houses  had  been  erected. 

James  West  settled  in  this  township  in  1834,  near  the  Tazewell  line.  He 
was  a  plasterer  by  trade,  and  the  first  of  that  class  in  the  neighborhood.  His 
calling  was  one  not  much  in  demand  in  those  early  times.  He  died  several 
years  ago. 

Simon  Grove  canfe  to  Woodford  County  in  1833,  and  settled  in  Worth 
Township,  on  the  place  where  Joseph  Schertz  now  lives.  He  had  four  stalwart 
sons,  two  of  whom  still  live  in  this  county.  Benjamin  Grove  is  one  of  the 
prosperous  farmers  of  Worth  Township,  where  he  has  lived  ever  since  his  father 
came  here  in  1833.  Henry  lives  over  in  the  eastern  part  of  the  county,  near 
Panola,  Abraham  in  La  Salle  County,  and  Jacob  in  Missouri. 

The  Sunderlands  and  Samuel  Beck  were  from  Ohio.  John  Sunderland 
came  from  Fairfield  County,  Ohio,  and  settled  a  little  north  of  Rev.  Mr.  Hall's, 
in  1834,  on  the  State  road  from  Peoria  to  Chicago.  He  kept  the  first  stag 
stand  on  the  road  after  coaches  were  put  on.  He  sold  out  some  years  ago,  and 
started  to  remove  to  Missouri,  but  died  before  reaching  his  destination.  When 
Thomas  Sunderland  first  came  to  the  town  he  located  in  Mr.  Hall's  house,  who 
as  a  Methodist  circuit  rider  was,  at  the  time,  stationed  in  Bloomington.  Thomas 
Sunderland,  Jr.,  a  son  of  John  Sunderland,  came  to  the  township  in  1835,  and 
settled  in  this  section.  Samuel  Beck,  the  great  hunter  as  he  was  called,  came 
from  Zanesville,  Ohio,  in  1832,  when  but  18  years  old.  He  was  a  nephew 
of  Father  Hall,  and  made  his  home  with  the  good  old  preacher  for  a  number  of 
years.  He  was  a  great  hunter,  and  has  often  been  known  to  kill  five  deer  in 
one  day.  It  is  told  of  him,  that  he  knew  the  woods  and  prairies  like  an  Indian, 
and  all  the  signs  in  the  great  forest,  which  serve  to  guide  the  woodsman,  was  to 
him  as  a  printed  book.  Isaac  Moulton  came  from  Indiana,  and  settled  in  this 
neighborhood  in  1833,  but  soon  after  removed  into  Cazenovia  Township. 

THE    FIRST    BLACKSMITH. 

Philip  Klein  settled  here  a  few  years  after  Rev.  Mr.  Hall,  and  was  a  black- 
smith. He  opened  a  shop  on  his  place,  which  was  the  first  iron  foundry  in 
the  township.  The  first  regular  tavern  was  built  by  William  Hoslior,  at  Ger- 
mantown,  in  1850.  He  owned  the  land  there,  and  put  up  this  tavern,  which  is 
called  the  Germantown  House,  to  enhance  the  value  of  it.  The  house  is  still 
used  for  hotel  purposes.  As  already  stated,  Benjamin  Williams  was  the  first 
Justice  of  the  Peace  in  the  township.  Dr.  Hazard,  noticed  in  other  chapters  as 
a  physician,  is  supposed  to  have  been  the  first  disciple  of  Esculapius  who  practiced 
in  Worth.  He  was  from  Hamilton  County,  Ohio,  and  came  to  the  settlement 
m  1833. 


372  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

CHURCH    ORGANIZATIONS, 

The  first  church  society  organized  in  Worth  Township  was  at  the  residence 
of  Mr.  Hall,  and  he  preached  the  first  sermon  in  the  neighborhood.  This 
society  was  organized  soon  after  his  settlement  in  the  "wilderness.  The  first 
Methodist  preacher  in  this  section,  and  perhaps  in  Woodford  County,  was  Rev. 
Stephen  R.  Biggs,  who  preached  here  during  the  Winter  of  the  deep  snow. 
Mr.  Hall  has  been  identified  with  the  ministry  and  with  the  Methodist  Episco- 
pal Church  ever  since  he  has  been  in  the  county,  a  period  of  nearly  half  a  cen- 
tury. He  has  preached  all  over  Central  and  Northern  Illinois,  and  is  looked 
upon  as  one  of  the  pillars  of  that  denomination  in  the  State.  He  states  that 
the  first  quarterly  meeting  he  attended  after  settling  here  was  at  Pekin,  and 
the  famous  old  backwoods  preacher^  Peter  Cartwright,  Avas  present  as  Presiding 
Elder.  The  bounds  of  his  circuit  extended  from  Pekin  to  Bloomington,  includ- 
ing all  intervening  country.  It  was  afterw^ard  divided,  and  bounded  by  the 
Illinois,  Mackinaw  and  Vermilion  Rivers,  with  the  great  prairie  on  the  east. 
The  first  Presiding  Elder  in  this  section  of  the  country  was  Rev.  Jesse  Walker, 
who  made  his  headquarters  in  Chicago,  and  was  the  second  preacher  stationed  in 
that  citv.      He  is  said  to  have  organized  the  first  Methodist  Church  in  St.  Louis. 

EOMAN    CATHOLIC. 

The  Church  of  the  Immaculate  Conception  is  among  the  oldest  churches  in 
Woodford  County,  and  is  in  nearly  the  center  of  Worth  Township.  The 
society  Avas  organized  in  1837,  by  eight  families,  who  came  from  Bavaria, 
Germany.  The  heads  of  these  families — both  male  and  female — are  all  dead ; 
the  last  one,  old  mother  Sauer,  died  March  22,  1878,  at  the  age  of  eighty-foui" 
years,  and  forty-one  years  after  coming  to  America.  Their  first  house  of 
worship  was  a  little  log  structure,  erected  at  the  nortliAvest  corner  of  the  cemetery, 
in  1840,  by  the  people  en  masse.  Before  this  church  was  built,  they  gathered 
together  in  a  barn  near  by  for  religious  instruction  and  Avorship,  and  the  ofiici- 
ating  priest  came  from  Joliet.  The  first  regular  minister  of  this  old  pioneer 
congregation  Avas  Rev.  Father  M.  Gipperich,  Avho  came  to  it  in  1854,  and  re- 
mained Avith  it  for  tAvo  years.  During  that  period,  the  elegant  brick  church,  one 
of  the  finest  churches  in  the  county,  Avas  commenced ;  Avliich  Avas  completed  and 
opened  for  worship  in  1858.  In  1859,  the  roof  A\as  bloAvn  off  by  a  tornado, 
carried  several  hundred  yards  and  dropped  near  the  cemetery.  It  Avas  at  once 
replaced  and  the  damages  repaired.  The  edifice  cost  about  $12,000,  and  163 
families  Avorship  in  it,  comprising  about  850  members.  For  the  past  seven 
years,  it  has  been  under  the  pastoral  charge  of  Father  George  Mager,  Avho,  soon 
after  his  call  to  the  church,  built  the  comfortable  parsonage  adjacent,  Avhich  is 
quite  convenient  and  Avell,  but  plainly,  furnished.  The  cemetery  is  a  neat  and 
extremely  Avell  kept  burying  ground,  just  across  the  road  from  the  church. 
These  old  pioneer  founders  of  the  church  all  rest  there,  aAvaiting  their  reward  on 
the  last  day.     The  Ormish  Church  on  the  State  road,  a  short  distance  from  the 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  373 

line  of  Metamora  Township,  is  another  ohl  church,  but  we  have  been  unable  to 
obtain  any  particulars  in  regard  to  it.  There  was  also  a  German  Lutheran 
Church  on  the  west  side  of  the  township  many  years  ago,  but  it  is  now  "  among 
the  things  that  were." 

SCHOOLS,   ETC. 

The  first  school  of  which  we  can  get  any  record,  and  it  is  somewhat  indefi- 
nite, was  taught  by  a  Mr.  EUmore  at  a  very  early  day,  in  'Squire  Williams' 
barn.  He  stayed  a  good  deal  at  Mr.  Williams',  making  it  a  kind  of  home,  and 
while  there,  taught  this  school,  which  is  supposed  to  be  the  first  in  the  town- 
ship, and  among  the  first  taught  in  the  county.  The  first  school  house  in  the 
town  was  built  in  the  neighborhood  of  Mr.  Hall's,  years  ago,  so  long  that  the 
•date  is  forgotten.  Hoshor  built  a  school  house  at  Germantown  in  1851,  which, 
after  being  used  many  years,  was  replaced  by  the  present  frame  building,  the 
■best  school  house  in  the  township,  in  1876,  and  cost  |?1,000. 

The  following  statistical  facts  are  from  the  last   annual  report  of  Joseph 

Vetter,  School  Treasurer  : 

No.  of  males  under  21  years  of  age  in  township 42.5 

No.  of  females  ujider  21  years  of  age  in  tdwnship 323 

Total 748 

No.  of  males  between  6  and  21  years  in  township 248 

No.  of  females  between  6  and  21  years  in  township 241 

Total 48:t 

No.  of  males  attending  school  in  township 176 

No.  of  females  attending  school  in  township 148 

Total , 324 

No.  of  School  Districts,  6,  and  2  fractional,  total 8 

No.  of  male  teachers  employed...: 4 

No.  of  female  teachers  employed 2 

Total 0 

No.  of  frame  school  houses  in  township 5 

No.  of  log  school  houses  in  township 1 

Total ti 

No.  of  private  schools  in  township 1 

No.  of  male  pupils  in  private  school 43 

No.  of  female  pupils  in  private  school 40 

Total 83 

Teacher  employed  in  private  school 1 

Estimate  value  of  school  property $3,160  00 

Estimate  value  of  school  apparatus 275  00 

Amount  of  township  fund  for  support  of  schools 2,647  00 

Annual  tax  levy  for  support  of  schools 1,955  00 

Amount  paid  male  teachers 1,220  00 

Amount  paid  female  teachers 440  00 

Total  amount $1,660  00 


374  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

When  the  county  came  under  township  organization,  in  18o'2,  this,  in  the 
''eternal  fitness  of  things,'"  received  the  name  of  "Worth.  Whether  it  was 
given  for  Gen.  Worth,  of  Mexican  war  fame,  or  simply  because  all  things  must 
have  a  name,  we  know  not.  Jacob  Shook  was  the  first  Supervisor,  after  the 
township  was  organized,  and  the  following  are  the  present  officers :  John  Klug, 
Supervisor ;  Joseph  Vetter,  Town  Clerk ;  John  Wessel,  Assessor ;  M,  Fandel, 
Collector  ;  A.  Fisher,  Commissioner  of  Highways  ;  W.  Reinhart,  Justice  of  the 
Peace:  Zedde  Hall.  Constable;  Geo.  M.  Noe,  School  Trustee;  Joseph  Vetter, 
School  Treasurer. 

BRICK    YARD. 

An  enterprise  of  considerable  note  in  the  township  is  the  brick  yard  of  Peter 
Wiltz.  near  Hickory  Point,  on  the  east  side  of  the  town.  It  has  been  in  oper- 
ation some  ten  years  or  more,  and  is  still  owned  by  the  originator  of  the  scheme. 
He  manufactures  about  800.000  brick  annuallv,  and  the  larore  number  of  eleo^ant 
brick  houses  in  the  neighborhood  indicates  that  his  business  is  well  patronized. 

There  is  no  post  office  in  the  town,  nor  large  store ;  neither  are  there  any 
mills,  except  a  saw-mill  at  Germantown.  It  is  decidedly  a  farming  community, 
and  but  little  devoted  to  other  branches  of  industry. 

POLITICAL    AND    WAR    RECORD. 

Worth,  politically,  is  Democratic,  fi'om  the  earliest  record  of  political  events 
down  to  the  present,  though  not  as  strongly  so  as  some  of  the  other  townships 
of  Woodford  County.  But  upon  national  tickets  and  in  elections  where  party 
lines  are  closely  drawn,  it  is  accustomed  to  give  small  Democratic  majorities. 

Like  other  portions  of  the  county,  it  did  a  very  good  part  during  the  war. 
It  did  not.  however,  turn  out  quite  so  many  soldiers  as  other  sections  of  like 
population.  But  that  should  not  be  a  matter  of  surprise  when  we  reflect  that 
so  large  a  majority  of  its  citizens  are  foreigners,  who  could  not  be  expected  ta 
volunteer  with  the  same  alacrity  as  our  own  people.  Under  the  circumstances, 
they  did  well,  and  those 

'•  Who  stood  in  the  front  of  the  fray  for  us. 
And  held  the  foemen  at  bay  for  us.'" 

were  just  as  brave  and  heroic  soldiers  as  any  in  the  field,  and  fully  maintained 
the  honor  so  nobly  won  and  so  ricldy  merited  by  all  Illinois  troops  engaged  in 


the  great  rebellion. 


HAMLETf 


As  already  stated,  Worth  has  no  large  towns  or  villages,  but  has  two  or 
three  little  places  of  public  resort  that  might,  perhaps,  without  violence  to  the 
name,  be  termed  hamlets.  Of  these,  Germantown  is  the  more  pretentious.  It 
consists  of  a  tavern,  a  lager  beer  saloon  and  grocery  store,  a  blacksmith  shop 
and  saw-mill,  and  is  on  the  State  road,  about  six  miles  from  Metamora.  The 
Germantown  House  was  built  in  1850  by  W^illiam  Hoshor,  who  owned  the  land 
about  the  place.     It  is  still  used  as  a  tavern,  and  has  a  little  grocery  store 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  375 

attached,  together  with  a  lager  beer  saloon,  and  is  kept  by  Frank  Tropp. 
Henry  Schwing  &  Co.  carry  on  (juite  an  extensive  blacksmith  shop.  A  steam 
saw-mill  was  built  in  1800  by  parties  to  whom  Hoshor  furnished  capital,  and 
took  a  lien  on  the  mill.  A  few  years  ago  it  was  sold,  and  he  bought  it.  It  is 
still  his  property  and  he  is  operating  it.  This  constitutes  Germantown.  Hoshor 
also  built  the  Union  House,  which  is  a  tavern  one  mile  east  of  Germantown, 
and  on  the  same  road.  It  Avas  originally  built  in  1855,  and,  after  being  in  use 
ten  or  twelve  years,  was  burned,  and,  in  1870,  the  present  Union  House  was 
erected  on  the  same  site.  At  present,  it  is  kept  by  Peter  Alig,  who,  in  addition 
to  a  tavern,  keeps  a  grocery  store  and  lager  beer  saloon.  It  is  the  center  of 
the  township,  and  the  voting  place,  as  well  as  the  place  for  holding  all  town 
meetings. 

Hickory  Point  is  a  fair  sample  of  the  last-mentioned  place,  except  the  voting 
and  place  for  holding  public  meetings.  It  is  a  tavern  and  saloon,  built  by 
Chris.  Delabaugh  about  1862,  who  died  some  years  ago.  It  is  now  owned  by  a 
man  named  John  Slugy.  These  places  are  great  resorts  of  the  German  popu- 
lation, who  meet  here,  during  their  leisure  moments,  to  discuss  the  events  of  the 
day  and  partake  of  their  favorite  beverage. 

LINN  AND   CLAYTON. 

When  rapidly  growing  cities  have  become  so  compactly  built  that  there  no 
hunger  remains  ground  on  which  buildings  may  be  placed,  or  when  lots  have 
become  so  dear  that  the  newer  comers  can  find  no  suitable  location  correspond- 
ing to  their  limited  means,  on  which  to  erect  them  a  habitation,  they  are,  neces- 
sarily, compelled  to  seek  room  at  a  distance  from  the  occupied  portions  of  the 
city.  In  this  way,  addition  after  addition  to  the  original  plat  of  the  city  is 
made,  and  suburb  after  suburb  follows,  until  what  was  at  first  considered  a  long 
way  out  into  the  country  becomes  the  very  heart  of  the  city.  Suburban  towns 
thus  glow  and  thrive,  from  the  simple  overflow,  until  some  of  them  even  rival 
the  parent  corporation,  in  wealth,  population  and  power.  By  this  means  Brook- 
lyn, which  is  truly  a  suburb  of  New  York,  has  become  the  third  city,  in  popu- 
lation, in  the  United  States,  containing  half  the  number  of  inhabitants  as  does 
the  city  of  New  Y^ork.  This  is  the  history  of  the  old  world  and  the  new.  The 
people  are  being  perpetually  pushed  off,  thrust  out  and  led  forward,  as  the  human 
race  multiplies.  It  is  the  history  of  society  and  families.  When  the  children 
are  grown,  though  their  love  for  the  paternal  fireside  is  not  less,  their  love  for 
independence  and  freedom  is  greater ;  and,  one  by  one,  they  build  their  own 
tenements,  and  erect  their  own  altars.  Human  beings,  like  some  of  the  lower 
orders  of  animals,  love  home,  and,  but  for  the  hope  of  bettering  their  condition, 
would  be  loth  to  change  their  habitations.  There  is  no  better  illustration  of 
this  idea  than  the  settlement  of  the  prairies  of  the  West.  The  Eastern  States 
were  full.     There  was  no  land  there  for  the  increasing  population  ;  and  young 


376  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

men  and  women,  with  the  constantly  arriving  emigrant  from  foreign  shores, 
must  seek  homes  on  the  borders  of  civilization.  So  they  came.  The  first  ones 
settled  in  the  edges  of  the  timber  tracts,  because,  perhaps,  it  reminded  them  of 
the  well-reraembered  scenes  of  their  youth.  But  the  later  emigrant  was  not 
permitted  to  rest  his  feet  even  here,  but  was  obliged  to  locate  at  a  greater  or 
less  distance  on  the  open  prairie ;  and  now,  the  emigrant  finds  not  a  foothold 
there,  but  is  advised  to  continue  his  journey  further  toAvard  the  setting  sun. 

The  groves  along  Panther  and  CroAv  Creeks  had  been  pretty  well  filled  up, 
in  1840  ;  but,  yet,  at  that  time,  from  one  grove  to  another,  a  distance  of  ten 
miles,  not  a  house  nor  a  fence  could  anywhere  be  seen,  nor  had  a  farm  been 
opened.  It  was  all  an  open  plain,  as  far  as  the  eye  could  reach.  In  all  of 
Linn  and  Clayton  Townships,  the  hand  of  man  and  the  hand  of  nature  had  not 
come  together  in  conflict. 

The  Indian  troubles,  which,  for  a  time,  had  checked  immigration  to  Illinois, 
had  been  removed  by  the  removal  of  the  Indians  from  the  State ;  and  the  tide 
was  again  setting  in.  Emigrants  were  arriving  almost  daily,  and,  as  they 
found  the  land  along  the  creeks  already  occupied,  shanties  here  and  there  on 
the  open  prairie  began  to  appear. 

EARLY    SETTLEMENTS. 

The  first  actual  s  ir  -"ithin  the  bounds  of  Linn  was  Harrison  Hollenback, 
who  moved  to  Section"  3  in  1840.  He  came  here,  with  his  family,  from  Ohio, 
and  built  the  first  house  on  the  prairie  south  of  the  timber.  This  house  was 
quite  a  mansion  for  those  times,  being  a  hewed  log  building,  twenty-four  feet 
long  and  eighteen  feet  wide,  and  one  and  a  half  stories  high.  It  is  still  in  use, 
but  serves  the  ignoble  purpose  of  sheltering  cattle. 

The  next  to  locate  in  the  township  was  George  Hollenback,  with  his  newly- 
married  wife.  He  was  married  to  Jane  Patton,  in  1844,  and  immediately  they 
left  the  paternal  roof — their  parents  living  only  a  few  miles  north,  in  Marshall 
County — and  opened  a  farm  and  built  them  a  home  of  their  own.  They  set- 
tled on  the  east  side  of  Section  3,  within  a  few  rods  of  the  Marshall  County 
line.  Jacob  Hollenback  located  a  little  further  west,  soon  after.  The  Hollen- 
back families  were  from  Perry  County,  Ohio. 

After  these  settlements  were  made,  one  family  after  another  took  up  their 
residences  on  what  might  be  called  the  second  tier  of  farms  from  the  timber  of 
Crow  Creek,  in  nearly  the  following  chronological  order :  William  and  Simeon 
Linn,  after  whom  the  township  was  named ;  John  P.  Davison,  Amos  West, 
Alfred  Combs,  Samuel  Jackman,  H.  Simpson,  John  and  Isaac  Fisher,  Joseph 
Martin,  Benjamin  Wilson,  William  Parks,  Lewis  Wyanteer.  These  had  all 
settled,  and  made  some  improvements  on  their  lands,  before  the  organization  of 
the  two  townships,  in  1855. 

Pushing  on  further  east,  across  the  meridian  line,  but  still  hugging  up  close 
to  the  timber,  farms  were  now  beginning  to  be  opened  in  Clayton.     In  1854, 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  377 

early  in  the  Spring,  probably  in  February,  John  Linn,  from  the  State  of  Ken- 
tucky, commenced  to  build  a  house  on  Section  19.  Following  very  soon  after 
(April),  James  Livingston  began  to  build.  Mr.  Livingston  had  been  in  the 
neighborhood,  prospecting,  the  year  before,  but  had  gone  back  to  New  Hamp- 
shire after  his  family.  Milton  Hicks  and  Jefferson  Shepler,  with  their  families, 
came  a  little  later  in  the  same  year,  and  began  buildings.  In  the  early  Spring 
of  1855,  John  M.  Davison  and  family  took  iip  their  residences  in  the  township. 
By  the  end  of  this  year,  or  early  in  the  next,  Jacob  McChesney,  Jacob 
Robinson,  Samuel  Knowles,  Henry  Lohnes  and  Josiah  Gardner  had  arrived 
and  began  making  improvements.  In  the  meantime,  the  population  of  Linn 
had  increased  to  fully  one  hundred  and  fifty,  and  of  Clayton  to  half  as 
many. 

The  social,  religious,  educational  and  commercial  privileges  were  yet  very 
scanty:  and  these  might  all,  with  great  propriety,  be  called  pioneers.  The 
Illinois  Central  Railroad  was  but  just  completed  ;  and  as  there  were  at  the 
different  stations  along  the  line  yet  no  stores  or  shops,  trade  was  carried  on 
wholly  with  the  river  towns,  most  families  in  this  part  of  the  county  doing  their 
marketing  at  Lacon,  on  the  Illinois  River. 

ORGANIZATION. 

The  northeastern  portion  of  Woodford  County  wae  ,  .ast  to  be  occupied, 
and  as  the  main  cause  of  its  development  was  the  open..ig  of  communication 
and  trade  with  outer  world  by  means  of  the  Illinois  Central  Railroad,  the  inter- 
ests of  the  whole  section,  latterly  constituting  the  townships  of  Linn,  Clayton  and 
Minonk,  were  almost  identical,  and  continued  so  for  many  years.  Peculiarly  so 
has  it  been  Avith  Linn  and  Clayton,  which  were,  until  1859,  four  years  after  the 
"  Township  Organization  Act"  was  adopted  by  the  county,  embraced  in  a  single 
precinct.  At  the  time  of  the  adoption  of  the  '"Act,"  there  were  barely  a  suffi- 
cient number  of  inhabitants  in  the  two  towns  for  one  organization,  so  it  has  been 
impossible  to  write  the  history  of  one  without  including  the  other. 

The  precinct  embracing  the  Congressional  Towns  28  N.,  R.  1  W.,  and  28  N.. 
R.  1  E.,  was  organized  April  3,  1855,  and,  in  anticipation  of  a  future  separa- 
tion, was  called  "  Linn  and  Clayton."  The  officers  elected  were:  Isaac  Fisher, 
Supervisor ;  John  B.  Fisher,  Collector ;  Harrison  Simpson,  Overseer  of  the 
Poor ;  William  Jury,  Assessor ;  Jesse  Pickard,  Clerk ;  James  M.  Martin  and 
Cyrus  Acres,  Commissioners  of  Highways  ;  and  Angus  Thom,  Constable. 

There  could  not  have  been  a  very  great  desire  at  that  time  to  hold  office,  as 
two  of  the  elect,  a  Constable  and  a  Commissioner  of  Highways,  failed  to  qualify, 
and,  in  consequence,  their  names  are  lost  to  history.  The  number  of  votes  cast 
at  the  election  was  sixty-five 

During  the  four  years  that  the  two  townships  remained  in  one  precinct,  the 
population  increased  very  rapidly,  so  that,  at  the  time  the  separation  took  place, 
there  were  two  hundred  and  seventy  voters  in  Linn  and  Clayton,  and  the  actual 


378  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

population  was  not  less  than  twelve  hundred.     This  was  an  increase  of  about 
three  hundred   per  cent. 

Other  changes,  (juite  as  marked  as  these,  occurred.  While  the  land  was 
rapidly  settling,  farms  continually  opening  and  houses  and  barns  building, 
public  improvements,  such  as  roads  and  bridges  and  school  houses,  were  receiv-. 
ing  their  share  of  attention,  so  that  the  union  of  the  townships  may  with  truth 
be  said  to  have  been  a  season  of  great  prosperity,  such  a  season,  indeed — taking 
all  the  circumstances  into  account,  increase  of  population,  etc. — as  never  before 
nor  since  has  visited  them. 

HIGHWAYS. 

Before  the  organization  of  the  precinct,  the  wide  prairie  between  Crow 
Creek  and  Panther  Grove  was  tracked  in  all  directions  by  the  teamster,  wh<» 
chose  his  own  route  to  market  and  to  mill,  the  road  usually  selected  being  the 
shortest  cut  across  the  prairie,  in  the  direction  of  the  point  pf  his  destination, 
leaving  to  his  right  or  left  his  only  impediment,  the  sloughs.  But.  as  the 
prairies  began  to  be  improved,  fences  and  fields  began  to  present  new  obstacles 
to  his  progress ;  and  by  the  time  of  the  adoption  of  the  "  Township  Organiza- 
tion Act,"  by  Woodford  County,  there  was  a  demand  for  regularly  laid  out  and 
improved  highways.  The  crossing  of  the  sloughs  could  not,  as  formerly,  be 
selected  at  the  pleasure  of  the  traveler,  and  they  must,  necessarily,  be  bridged. 
Therefore,  ai  soon  as  the  townships  Avere  authorized  to  lay  out  and  improve 
thoroughfares,  a  great  clamor  immediately  arose  for  them  in  all  directions. 

The  precinct  had  but  just  been  organized,  when  the  Commissioners  were 
petitioned  for  a  road,  running  from  the  south  line  of  Clayton  tothe  north  line 
of  the  same,  on  the  half  section  line  dividing  Sections  o,  8,  17,  20,  29  and  32. 
Owing,  however,  to  some  informality,  the  petition  was  rejected,  and  the  road 
was  not  granted.  A  petition  was  then  circulated,  and  a  survey  made,  for  a  road 
six  miles  long,  on  the  meridian  line.  The  petition  had  been  drawn  with  care, 
all  of  the  requirements  of  the  law  had  been  complied  with,  and,  on  the  10th  of 
October,  the  prayer  of  the  petitioners  was  granted.  This  constituted  the  first 
township  highway,  and  is  the  present  boundary  between  Linn  and  Clayton  : 
and,  though  it  was  in  the  midst  of  the  precinct,  was  considered  an  improvement 
on  the  eastern  section. 

The  next  year,  1856,  petitions  followed  thick  and  fast,  and  twenty-two  and 
a  half  miles  of  new  road  were  granted.  The  first  was  for  a  new  road  in  the  west- 
ern section  ;  this  was  for  five  and  a  half  miles,  commencing  at  the  southeast  corner 
of  the  northeast  (juarter  of  Section  19,  and  running  north  to  the  county  line. 
Petitions  were  being  circulated,  at  the  same  time,  for  a  new  road  through  the  two 
townships,  beginning  at  the  northwest  corner  of  Section  18,  in  Linn  Township, 
and  extending  to  the  northeast  corner  of  Section  13,  in  Clayton  ;  and  for  a  new 
road  of  five  miles  in  length  in  Clayton,  on  the  half  section  line,  extending  from 
the  southeast  corner  of  the  northwest  quarter  of  Section  29  to  the  north  line  of 
the  township.      The  petitions  were  all  granted,  and  this  made,  in  all,  twenty- 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  379 

eight  miles  of  highway  laid  out  in  loss  than  two  years.  This  was  increased 
during  the  next  two  years,  to  the  time  of  separation,  to  over  fifty  miles. 

In  1855,  there  were  two  road  districts  in  Clayton  and  Linn.  The  first  dis- 
trict constituted  all  of  the  north  two  tiers  of  sections  in  both  townships,  the 
balance  of  the  territory,  embracing  sixty  sections,  constituting  the  other  district. 
To  work  these  two  districts,  there  reported  for  the  first,  forty-five  men,  and  to 
manage  the  sixty  sections,  there  was  a  force  of  twenty-five  men. 

In  1858,  the  number  of  road  districts  had  increased  to  six,  and  the  number 
of  men  liable  for  duty  in  all  of  the  districts  had  increased  to  two  hundred  and 
fifty-eight.  In  the  meantime,  quite  a  number  of  bridges  had  been  built,  a  good 
deal  of  grading  had  been  done,  and  tlie  highways  were  taking  on  an  improved 
appearance. 

FENCES. 

Perhaps  no  public  measure  has  been  adopted  in  this  part  of  the  country, 
which  has  had  so  marked  an  effect  on  the  appearance  of  the  country,  as  resolu- 
tions passed  by  these  townships,  in  regard  to  the  keeping  up  of  stock.  The 
traveler  notices,  on  coming  into  this  vicinity,  an  almost  entire  absence  of  fences. 
To  early  settlers,  with  limited  means,  this  was  a  very  important  measure.  After 
buying  their  prairie  farms,  they  found  that  to  prevent  stock  of  all  kinds  from 
encroaching  on  their  possessions  and  destroying  their  crops,  it  would  be  neces- 
sary to  expend  an  amount  equal  to  the  original  cost  of  the  land.  Before  the 
completion  of  the  Illinois  Central  Railroad,  much  of  the  lumber  used  for  the 
purpose  of  building  fences  was  hauled  by  wagon  from  Chicago ;  and,  even  with 
lumber  brought  to  within  a  dozen  miles  by  rail,  it  was  a  very  serious  matter, 
involving  an  expense  which  very  many  could  illy  afford,  and  which,  it  was 
claimed,  was  greatly  in  excess  of  the  accommodation  to  be  derived  from  allow- 
ing cattle  and  hogs  to  run  at  large.  Accordingly  the  precinct  had  but  barely 
been  organized,  when  a  move  was  made  looking  toward  the  adoption  of  what  is 
known  as  the  "Hog  Law."  A  petition  was  presented  to  the  Township  Board, 
and  by  them  an  election  was  ordered  to  be  held,  for  the  purpose  of  deciding  the 
question,  and  for  voting  for  the  location  of  the  pound.  The  election  took  place 
May  19th,  1855.  There  was  but  little  opposition,  and  the  measure  was  adopted. 
Rules  were  laid  down  governing  the  building  of  such  fences  as  were  required  to 
turn  cattle.  An  appropriation  was  made  for  building  the  pound ;  a  site  was 
selected  for  the  same ;  rules  adopted  for  its  government,  and  a  Pound  Master 
was  chosen. 

Seeing  the  amount  of  money  thus  saved,  and  noticing  the  successful  opera- 
tion of  the  law,  a  further  move  for  the  abolition  of  all  fences  was  made  the  fol- 
lowing year.  At  an  election  called  for  this  purpose,  August  23,  1856,  it  was 
resolved  that  "  farmers  be  not  required  to  build  fences  for  the  protection  of  their 
crops,  but  that  every  person  owning  cattle  be  required  to  care  for  the  same, 
either  by  herding,  or  by  securing  them  in  such  enclosures  as  would  prevent  them 
from  overrunning  fields  and  injuring  grain."     This  law  was  to  be  in  force  con- 


380  HISTOEY  OF  U'OODFORD  COUNTY. 

tinuously,  with  the  exception  of  the  first  two  weeks  in  February,  when  stock 
might  run  at  large  for  the  purpose  of  feeding  upon  the  husks  and  waste  corn  of 
the  recently  harvested  fields.  At  first  this  plan  met  with  some  opposition  from 
adjoining  townships,  where  fences  had  already  been  built,  and  where  no  such 
law  was  in  force,  and  the  conflicts  with  the  anti-no-fence-law  people  were  some- 
times sharp  and  decisive,  as  well  as  amusing.  Hundreds  of  cattle  were  pas- 
tured together  in  a  single  herd.  They  frequently,  from  fright,  stampeded  :  and, 
in  their  flight,  they  respected  not  the  field  of  the  supporters  or  opposers  of  the 
cattle  laws,  but  trampled  corn,  and  turnips,  and  squashes,  leaving  behind  a 
waste  as  complete  as  that  left  in  the  track  of  the  tornado.  These  outbreaks 
and  the  impounding  of  stray  cattle  led  to  numerous  quarrels  and  petty  lawsuits, 
but  the  law  stood  and  still  remains  in  force.  It  has  doubtless  been  the  means 
of  saving  the  farmers  of  these  two  townships  many  thousands  of  dollars.  It 
has  also  given  those  who  desired  to  fence  an  opportunity  of  planting  and  culti- 
vating hedges,  without  the  necessity  of  building  a  fence  for  their  protection. 
And  though,  to  one  unused  to  it,  the  appearance  of  the  country  is  quite  novel, 
yet  it  is  by  no  means  so  unpleasing  as  field  and  lane  separated  by  such  ungainly 
and  tumble-down  fences  a&  are  to  be  found  in  many  other  neighborhoods. 

PEACEABLE    SECESSION. 

The  two  townships  of  Linn  and  Clayton  had  thus  lived  in  peace  and  pros- 
perity for  nearly  four  years ;  and,  for  aught  we  know,  and  for  aught  that  the 
most  enthusiastic  had  anticipated,  might  thus  have  dwelt,  under  a  single  organ- 
ization, for  ten  or  twenty  more.  It  is  true,  there  were  some  petty  jealousies  as 
to  improvements,  in  the  respective  ends  of  the  precinct :  and  it  is  true  that 
some  inconvenience  was  experienced  in  the  matter  of  elections,  and  other  pub- 
lic meetings;  and  it  may  be  true  that  some  may  have  thought  of  the  increase 
of  oflBces  that  would  necessarily  follow.  At  any  rate,  the  population  had  in- 
creased so  rapidly  that  it  was  found  that  either  township  was  now  much  stronger 
than  both  had  been  at  the  first.  Therefore,  on  the  27th  of  September,  1858, 
the  legal  voters  of  that  part  of  the  precinct  known  as  Linn  formally  presented 
to  the  Board  of  Supervisors,  then  in  session,  a  petition,  setting  forth  their  de- 
sire to  be  separate  and  apart,  an  organization  by  themselves.  There  appearing 
no  good  reason  to  the  contrary,  their  request  was  granted,  and  separate  elec- 
tions were  thereupon  ordered  for  the  next  Spring. 

ORGANIZATION    OF    CLAYTON. 

After  the  order  for  the  separation  had  been  given,  the  voters  of  Clayton,  to 
the  number  of  seventy-nine,  assembled  at  the  appointed  time  and  place — at  the 
Jefi'erson  sQhool  house,  April  5,  1859 — and  proceeded  to  elect  ofiicers,  in  com- 
pliance with  the  law. 

The  officers  of  the  newly  organized  township  were  :  J.  P.  Robinson,  Super- 
visor;  Henry  Lohnes,  Clerk;  James  Livingston,  JLssessor  ;  3.  Yornej,  Collect- 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  381 

or  ;  Thomas  Shreeves,  Poor  Master :  F.  P.  Tuthill  and  F.  H.  Jjock^MooA^  Mag- 
istrates;  Hiram  Livingston,  William  Linn  and  C.  N.  Darling,  Commissioners 
of  Highways^  C.  H.  Robinson  and  W.  Cole,  Constables. 

At  this  time,  there  was  a  population  in  the  township  of  398,  which  has  in- 
creased to  1,120,  in  1878. 

The  present  officers  are:  P.  H.  Davison,  Supervisor ;  B.  F.  Zinser,  Clerk;: 
Philip  Peterson,  Assessor;  John  Uphoif,  Collector;  Henry  Heneke,  M.  Koll> 
and  S.  C.  Frye,  Commissioners  of  Highways ;  F.  D.  Learned  and  J.  B.  Renne, 
Magistrates ;  F.  W.  LTphoff  and  Andrew  Riifing,  Csnstahles. 

DESCRIPTION    OF    CLAYTON    TOWNSHIP. 

Clayton,  or  Congressional  Township  28  north,  Range  1  east  of  the  Third 
Principal  Meridian,  is  bounded  on  the  north  by  Marshall  County,  on  the  east  by 
Minonk  Township,  on  the  south  by  Greene,  and  on  the  west  by  Linn.  It  is 
six  miles  square,  and  contains  thirty-six  full  sections.  It  is  crossed,  almost 
diagonally,  from  northeast  to  southwest,  by  the  C,  P.  &  S.  W.  R.  R.,  and  by  a 
branch  of  Crow  Creek,  from  the  southeast  to  the  northwest.  The  land  in  the 
eastern  part  is  nearly  level ;  but  in  the  western  part,  somewhat  rolling.  The 
land  is  very  rich,  and  the  soil  deep,  and  well  adapted  for  the  production  of  corn, 
immense  quantities  of  which  are  raised.  Scarcely  an  acre  in  the  township  is 
not  tillable ;  and  almost  all  is  either  under  cultivation  or  devoted  to  pasturage. 
With  the  exception  of  groves,  which  have  been  set  out  by  the  owners  of  the 
land,  the  township  is  devoid  of  timber.  The  sloughs  and  the  branch  of  Crow- 
Creek  are  the  only  natural  supply  of  stock  water ;  but  an  abundance  of  good 
water  is  obtained  from  wells,  at  from  twenty  to  forty  feet  below  the  surface  of 
the  ground — indeed,  there  are  indications  of  artesian  water,  one  flowing  well 
being  found,  on  Section  3,  on  the  farm  of  B.  F.  Winsteer.  Doubtless  coal  un- 
derlies the  whole  territory,  and  could  be  obtained  at  any  point  where  a  shaft 
could  be  sunk. 

THE    LATE    WAR. 

The  alarm  of  war,  and  the  cry  that  the  country's  life  was  in  danger,  was  not 
unheeded  by  Clayton  Township.  Many  of  her  bravest  men  tarried  not,  but, 
rushing  to  the  nearest  recruiting  office,  enrolled  their  names  "for  three  years 
or  during  the  war." 

Most  of  those  who  went  from  this  part  of  the  county  enlisted  in  the  Seventy- 
seventh  Illinois  Infimtry.  Space  will  not  permit,  in  this  part  of  the  history,  a 
repetition  of  the  names  of  all  who  went  out ;  but  among  those  who  returned 
not  are  remembered  Joseph  Stodiker,  William  Worthington,  Freeman  Wilson, 
Isaac  Grove,  James  Brooks,  Milton  Linn,  H.  Sampson,  Edwin  Sampson,  An- 
drew Sampson.  The  last  three  were  the  sons  of  Elder  H.  Sampson — all  that 
he  had. 

Let  it  not  be  supposed  that  those  who  stayed  behind  were  uninterested  specta- 
tors.    They  gave  their  means,  their  encouragement,  their  prayers  and  their  sons. 


382  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

CHURCHES. 

The  churches  of"  Clayton  are  but  two  in  number.  The  privileges  of  this 
character  are  largely  supplied  at  Minonk,  and  the  Lutheran  Cliurches  in  the 
eastern  part  of  Linn. 

The  church  first  built,  and  known  as  the  Clayton  Baptist  Church,  is  situ- 
ated on  Section  34,  a  mile  or  so  east  of  Benton.  The  organization  of  the  soci- 
ety took  place  February  14,  1859,  with  a  membership  of  about  twenty  persons, 
the  Rev.  M.  L.  Fuller  being  the  first  Pastor  in  charge.  At  this  time  and  for 
some  time  previous,  services  had  been  held,  by  this  denomination,  at  private 
houses  in  the  neighborhood,  and  sometimes  in  the  school  house. 

This  part  of  the  county  was  sparsely  settled  at  that  time  ;  most  of  the  people 
were  struggling  to  pay  for  their  lands  and  build  themselves  houses  ;  and,  though 
a  permanent  place  of  worship  was  greatly  to  be  desired,  it  was  an  enterprise 
that  must  necessarily  be  postponed  for  some  years.  However,  seven  yeai's  after, 
December,  1865,  the  society  had  grown  in  numbers  and  wealth,  until  the  build- 
ing of  a  house  was  not  only  a  possibility  and  a  necessity,  but  an  accomplished 
fact.  The  building  is  a  neat  frame  structure,  thirty  feet  wide  and  forty  long, 
and  has  a  seating  capacity  of  about  two  hundred.  It  cost  the  society  eleven 
hundred  dollars.     The  Pastor  in  charge  at  the  time  was  Rev.  William  Parker. 

In  1872,  feeling  the  necessity  of  having  the  continuous  services  of  a  Pastor, 
a  neat  little  parsonage  was  erected,  at  an  expenditure  of  five  hundred  dollars. 
The  growth  of  the  society,  for  a  country  place,  has  been  quite  satisfactory,  both 
in  numbers  and  influence.  It  now  has  a  membership  of  one  hundred  and 
eighteen  persons.     The  present  Pastor  is  Rev.  A.  J.  Colby. 

In  connection  with  the  Church  are  two  thriving  Sunday  schools,  one  of 
which,  with  A.  W.  Forney  as  Superintendent,  is  held  in  the  church ;  the  other, 
with  T.  B.  Coleman  as  Superintendent,  is  held  in  the  village.  The  average 
attendance  at  the  two  schools,  last  year,  was  ninety-three. 

The  Catholic  Church,  located  in  the  southeastern  part  of  the  village  of  Ben- 
son, is  a  very  nice  and  substantial  frame,  forty  feet  wide  and,  including  chancel, 
sixty  feet  long,  and  nicely  finished  throughout.  It  was  completed  in  1875,  and 
cost  the  denomination  seventeen  hundred  dollars.  Services  are  conducted  two 
Sundays  in  each  month,  by  a  priest  residing  at  Metamora. 

RAILROADS. 

The  people  of  Clayton  Township,  though  not  without  railroad  facilities, 
prior  to  1872,  were  yet  conscious  that  an  additional  line  would  be  of  much 
advantage  to  this  part  of  the  county.  At  this  time,  new  lines  of  road  were 
being  projected  in  all  directions,  and  the  railroad  excitement  Avas  running  high. 
The  means  of  communication  with  the  county  seat  were  very  bad.  Freights 
were  high,  consuming  much  of  the  profits  of  both  merchant  and  farmer,  and  a 
new  line  would  make  competition.  These  were  some  of  the  arguments  used  in 
favor  of  the  projected  line,  then  designated  the  Chicago  &  Plainfield  Railroad, 


^lluyyi 


METAMORATP 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  385 

but  now  known  as  the  Chicago,  Pekin  &  Southwestern  Railroad.  A  majority 
of  the  voters  of  Clayton  were  not  hard  to  persuade  that  they  would  be  bene- 
fitted at  least  |20,000  worth,  and  so,  on  the  6th  day  of  March,  1869,  voted 
that  amount,  to  induce  the  company  to  run  its  line  through  this  township. 
Whether  or  not  their  anticipations  have  been  fully  realized,  it  cannot  be  doubted 
that  much  benefit  has  been  derived  therefrom. 

SCHOOLS. 

The  first  school  in  Clayton  Township  was  taught  in  an  upper  room  of  the 
dwelling  house  of  John  M.  Davison.  P.  H.  Davison  is  entitled  to  the  honor  of 
being  the  pioneer  educator,  as  he  was  the  instructor  of  the  fourteen  youngsters 
who  presented  themselves  daily  during  the  three  Winter  months  of  1856-7. 
Mr.  Davison  was  not  only  a  pioneer,  but  has  continued  to  interest  himself  in 
school  aifairs  in  the  township  ever  since,  being  at  this  time  Township  School 
Treasurer. 

The  first  school  house  was  erected  during  the  next  Summer.  It  was  a  little 
shanty,  built  on  the  southwest  corner  of  Section  5.  In  this,  James  McChesney 
taught  the  first  term.  This  building  has  long  since  given  place  to  one  much 
more  commodious  and  substantial. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  School  Trustees,  John  M.  Davison,  Samuel  Shepler 
and  Jacob  P.  Robinson,  on  June  2,  1856,  after  electing  Robert  S.  Hester, 
Treasurer,  they  proceeded  to  lay  out  the  township  into  nine  distrtcis,  consisting 
of  four  sections  each ;  and,  though  at  that  time  some  of  the  districts  did  not 
contain  enough  inhabitants  to  organize,  yet,  under  the  law  as  it  existed  at  that 
time,  none  were  prohibited  from  attending  those  already  organized,  though 
inhabitants  of  another  district. 

This  left  the  first  school  in  what  is  now  known  as  District  No.  3,  or  the 
Jefierson  District.  Other  organizations  followed,  and  new  school  houses  were 
built,  from  time  to  time,  as  the  increased  settlements  required,  until  every  dis- 
trict is  now  supplied  with  a  convenient  house,  and  the  school  privileges  of  this 
are  not  excelled  by  any  township  in  the  county.  The  building  recently  erected 
in  the  village  deserves  more  than  a  general  notice.  The  location  of  the  site  of 
Benson  left  the  school  house  of  District  No.  8  nearly  a  mile  out  of  the  limits. 
As  the  village  increased  in  population,  a  demand  grew  for  a  larger  house  and  a 
more  accessible  location.  Accordingly,  at  an  election  held  for  this  purpose,  a 
levy  for  a  new  house  was  made,  and  a  new  site,  in  the  northwest  part  of  the 
village,  was  selected.  The  house  is  now  nearly  completed.  It  is  a  frame 
building,  twenty-eight  by  forty-six  feet,  two  stories  high,  and  contains 
two  rooms  sufiiciently  large  to  accommodate  150  pupils.  There  is,  also,  within 
the  limits  of  Benson,  a  private  German  school.  The  Germans  of  the  com- 
munity, in  1875,  erected,  for  their  own  use,  a  building  costing  $400.  In 
this  school  is  kept  continuously.  Instruction  is  given  only  in  the  German 
language. 


386  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  OOUNTY 


FUEL,    WATER    AND    WIND. 


Among  the  drawbacks  to  the  rapid  development  of  the  prairies  was  the  hick 
of  stock  water  and  mill  power.  The  sloughs,  through  the  Summer,  when  water 
for  stock  was  re((uired  in  greater  abundance,  were  liable  to  be  dried  up,  and 
pumping  Avater  from  wells  for  this  purpose  was  very  laborious.  Flour  and  feed- 
mills  were  indispensable  ;  but,  there  being  no  streams  of  water,  there  were  no 
mill  sites,  and  a  lack  of  fuel  left  steam  mills  out  of  the  question.  Both  of  these 
probhnns  have  since  been  successfully  solved.  A  few  feet  "  underneath  the 
ground "'  has  been  found  an  exhaustless  supply  of  fuel,  greater  in  ((uantity  than 
the  original  forests  of  Ohio  and  Kentucky,  all  stored  up  out  of  the  way  and 
ready  for  use.  Wind-mills,  on  many  of  the  farms,  supply,  by  pumping  from 
wells,  plenty  of  water  without  the  loss  of  ground  resulting  from  a  running 
stream. 

In  this  connection,  the  wind-mill  erected  by  the  Schmidt  Brothers,  of  Ben- 
son, is  worthy  of  more  than  a  passing  notice.  The  mill  was  erected  by  them  in 
1873  for  the  purpose  of  driving  machinery.  It  is  something  of  a  liovelty  in 
this  part  of  the  country,  being  built  on  the  Holland  plan.  The  wings  are  four 
in  number ;  they  measure  forty  feet  in  length,  or  eighty  in  distance  from  oppo- 
site ends.  They  present  to  the  wind  two  thousand  feet  of  surface,  which  pro- 
duces a  power,  in  a  moderate  breeze,  equal  to  that  of  sixty  horses.  The  tower 
is  fifty-six  feet  in  height,  and  the  highest  point  reached  by  the  extremity  of  the 
fan,  in  its  revolution,  is  nearly  one  hundred  feet.  The  mill,  including  machinery, 
cost  over  $10,000.  It  was  all,  with  the  exception  of  buhrs,  built  on  the  spot- 
It  drives  a  corn  sheller  and  three  runs  of  buhrs  for  grinding  wheat,  rye  and  feed 
for  stock.  These  mills  are' very  simple  in  their  construction,  strong,  and  not 
liable  to  get  out  of  order.  Mr.  Schmidt  says  that  a  mill  constructed  on  this 
plan  will  last,  with  care,  more  than  fifty  years. 

CHEESE    FACTORY. 

The  establishment  of  Warren  Coles,  on  Section  36,  is  the  only  one  in  the 
county,  and,  indeed,  the  only  one  in  this  part  of  the  State.  It  was  started  in 
1864,  and  has  proved  a  great  success,  market  being  found  near  home  for  all 
produced.  Cheese  is  made  from  the  1st  of  May  till  December,  and  butter  the 
balance  of  the  year.  The  product  is  2,000  pounds  of  butter  and  20,000  pounds 
of  cheese,  obtained  from  forty  cows.  The  average  price  received  for  buttor  is 
25  cents,  and  for  cheese,  12  cents  per  pound. 

TORNADO. 

The  tornado  mentioned  in  Roanoke,  and  Avhich  struck  there  first,  continued 
its  ravages  in  this  township  with  unabated  fury.  It  passed  through  the  south- 
east part  of  Linn,  a  distance  of  a  couple  of  miles,  and  then,  striking  Clayton  a 
mile  and  a  half  north  of  the  southwest  corner,  proceeded  without  hindrance 
with  its  work  of  destruction.     The  first  object  of  its  wrath  was  the  house  of  F. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  387 

Duis,  which  it  tore  to  atoms.  From  here  it  passed  to  Mrs.  Charlotte  Stimpert's 
house,  a  fine  residence  a  short  distance  to  the  northeast.  The  family,  of  six 
persons,  were  inside,  and,  seeing  the  storm  approaching,  all,  with  the  exception 
of  Mrs.  Stimpert's  son,  Philip,  who  remained  behind  to  bolt  the  doors,  ran  into 
the  cellar.  Philip  had  not  completed  the  fastening  of  the  doors,  when  the  house 
was  raised  bodily  from  its  foundation  and  carried  through  the  air.  When  it  had 
been  carried  some  rods  from  its  original  location,  he,  by  some  means  unac- 
countable to  himself,  tumbled  out  and  fell  to  the  ground,  but  neither  the  house 
or  any  portion  was  ever  afterward  seen.  It  was  as  completely  demolished  as 
if  it  had  been  consumed  by  fire.  At  this  place  two  horses  were  killed  by  rails 
being  driven  completely  through  their  bodies.  Three  wagons  were  carried 
away  and  crushed  so  that  the  largest  piece  that  could  be  found  was  the  hub  of 
one  of  the  wheels.  The  next  house  in  the  track  was  the  one  occupied  by  Mrs. 
Mary  De  Freese,  There  were  two  persons  within,  one  of  whom,  Mrs.  De  Freese, 
was  very  severely  injured.  The  buildings  here  shared  the  fate  of  others  that 
had  preceded.  From  here  the  course  of  the  storm  lay  toward  H.  B.  Mem- 
men's  place.  His  stabling  and  trees  were  blown  away  as  though  they  had  been 
so  many  feathers. 

The  work  of  l"uin  was  completed  in  the  annihilation  of  the  residence  of  W. 
W.  Uphoff.  The  tornado  seemed  here  to  gather  all  of  its  strength  for  one  last 
grand  stroke.  It  caught  the  house  as  a  giant  would  an  egg  shell,  and  crushed 
it  as  completely.  Here  it  left  the  township  and  the  county  and  the  earth,  to 
exhaust  its  remaining  force  in  contending  with  its  own  fury. 

VILLAGE    OF    BENSON. 

The  C,  P.  &  S.  W.  R.  R.  was  completed  in  the  Fall  of  1872,  and  a  switch 
located  within  the  present  limits  of  the  town  of  Benson.  Besides  the  switch  and 
a  small  tenant  house,  some  forty  rods  north,  on  the  land  of  John  Weast,  there 
were  no  indications  of  a  town  at  this  point.  However,  but  a  short  time  elapsed 
until  it  began  to  be  realized  that  this  was  to  be  a  business  point  of  no  mean 
])retensions ;  and  men  of  energy  and  means  were  soon  found  who  interested 
themselves  lieartily  in  its  development. 

The  original  town,  consisting  of  thirty-eight  acres,  on  the  west  side  of  the 
railroad,  was  laid  out  for  John  Weast,  by  County  Surveyor  D.  II,  Davidson, 
Feb.  20,  1873.  Since  then — April  3,  1874 — an  addition  of  twenty-seven 
acres,  on  the  east  side  of  the  railroad  track,  and  known  as  Weast's  Addition  to 
the  Town  of  Benson,  has  been  laid  out.  Mr.  John  Weast  was,  therefore,  the 
original  proprietor  of  the  town. 

As  soon  as  the  first  survey  had  been  made,  improvements  began  to  spring 
up  at  once.  Indeed,  before  the  town  was  platted,  Jan.  2,  1873,  0.  A.  Cavan 
moved  a  house  from  Greene  Township  into  the  limits — the  same  now  serving  as 
dining  room  for  his  hotel.  The  first  dwelling  built  in  the  village  after  it  was 
laid  out   was  put  up  by  F.  D.  Learned,  and  completed  March   3,  1873.      In 


388  HLSTORV  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

this  building,  three  days  Liter,  was  opened  the  first  mail ;  Mr.  Learned  having 
been  appointed  Postmaster.  This  house  has  since  been  removed  to  a  back 
street  to  make  room  for  a  more  convenient  store  room.  Mr.  L.  has  continued 
to  hold  the  office  of  Postmaster  continuously  since  his  first  installation. 

At  about  the  same  time  that  Mr.  Learned  completed  his  dwelling,  Messrs. 
George  Kirchner  and  Juergan  Harms  completed  the  first  store  building.  An- 
other store  buildinw  followed  soon  after,  and  was  built  by  Messrs.  Strawn  & 
Renne.  The  same  year  saw  the  completion  of  Samuel  Peterson's  grain  elevator, 
the  business  houses  of  Benjamin  Mauer,  E,  Dunden,  Barbara  Weast,  L^phoff 
Bros.,  A.  H.  Ahrens  and  Henry  Forney's  hotel;  and  a  proportionate  number 
of  dwelling  houses  and  other  improvements  of  various  kinds  followed  in  rapid 
succession.  At  the  present  writing,  there  are  nearly  one  hundred  buildings  of 
various  kinds,  and  the  town  has  a  population  of  over  three  hundred. 

The  elevator  built  by  Samuel  Peterson,  and  already  alluded  to.  has  a  capa- 
city of  about  ten  thousand  bushels.  It  is  operated  at  present  by  Messrs  Cavan 
Bros.  The  amount  of  grain  handled  bv  them  each  vear.  is  about  one  hundred 
thousand  bushels.  The  next  vear.  1874,  Messrs.  Miller,  Brubaker  &  Learned 
built  a  second  elevator.  This  building  was  put  up  at  a  cost  of  §2,700,  and  has 
a  capacity  of  fifteen  thousand  bushels.  It  is  operated  by  Messrs.  Miller  &  Bru- 
baker for  Messrs.  Bartlett  &  Co.,  of  Peoria.  Thev  handle  about  two  hundred 
thousand  bushels  of  grain  per  year.  In  addition  to  the  grain  business,  Messrs. 
Miller  «fc  Brubaker  ship  four  thousand  head  of  hogs  per  annum.  The  same 
year,  was  also  erected,  by  Messrs.  George  Fritze  &  Co.,  a  third  elevator,  larger 
than  either  of  its  predecessors.  This  warehouse  is  capable  of  storing,  at  one 
time,  twenty-four  thousand  bushels.  It  was  built  at  a  cost  of  $3,500.  It  is 
run  by  Messrs.  Fritze  &  Co.,  who  buy,  annually,  one  hundred  and  fifty  thou- 
sand bushels  of  grain. 

The  other  leading  business  houses  here  are  : 

Dry  Goods  and  Groceries. — Sauer  &  Holland,  Peter  Petri  and  Harms  k 
AValtzen. 

Drugs. — F.  D.  Learned. 

Hardware. — Abram  Zinser. 

Harness. — Joseph  Bankler. 

Lumber. — Cavan  Bros,  and  George  Fritze  k  Co. 

Wagons. — Thomas  Backer. 

Physicians. — D.  M.  Slemmons  and  L.  A.  Austman. 

Millinery. — Barbara  Weast  and  Decker  &;  Harms. 

Jewelry. — Charles  Lawenstein. 

Flouring  Mill. — Schmidt  Bros. 

Agricultural  Implements. — George  Fritze  «&  Co. 

Hotel. — 0.  A.  Cavan. 

As  indicating  the  amount  of  business  done  by  these  firms,  the  books  of  the 
agent  of  the  C,  P.  &  S.  W.  R.  R.  at  this  place  show  a  receipt  on  freights  of 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  389 

thirty  thousand  dollars  per  annum,  and  of  express  of  twelve  hundred,  making  a 
total  of  receipts,  at  this  station,  of  $31,200. 

GOOD    TEMPLARS. 

The  history  of  this  society  in  this  village,  though  quite  brief,  is  nevertheless 
quite  deserving  of  notice.  For  some  time,  a  want  had  been  felt  for  an  organi- 
zation for  the  purpose  of  counteracting  the  evil  influences  exerted  by  the  use 
of  intoxicating  liquors.  Accordingl3%  in  September,  of  1877,  Mrs.  DeGeer,  of 
Chicago,  organized  at  this  place  a  branch  of  the  above  named  order. 

Meetings  are  held  weekly  on  Saturday  evenings.  The  membership  of  this 
Lodge  is  thirty.  The  principal  officers  are :  F.  D.  Learned,  W.  C. ;  Mrs.  C. 
A.  Coleman,  Secretary ;    D.  M.  Slemmons,  Treasurer. 


DESCRIPTION  OF  LINN. 

Congressional  Town  28  north,  Range  1  west  of  the  Third  Principal  Merid- 
ian, otherwise  known  as  Linn,  is  north  of  the  center  of  the  countv,  and  is 
bounded  north,  east,  south  and  west  respectively,  by  the  County  of  Marshall, 
and  the  Townships  of  Clayton,  Roanoke  and  Cazenovia. 

The  soil  of  this  township  is  not  excelled  for  productiveness  in  the  county. 
Especially  in  the  southern  part  it  is  rich  and  deep,  and  produces  immense  crops 
of  corn,  oats,  rye  and  vegetables  of  various  kinds.  Corn  is  the  principal  crop, 
which  is  largely  consumed  at  home,  in  the  fattening  of  hogs. 

The  only  streams  of  water  are  branches  of  the  Crow  and  Snag  Creeks. 
These  supply  stock  water  for  quite  a  number  of  farms  in  the  northern  portion. 
There  is  no  timber  worth  mentioning.  The  ground  is  generally  undulating, 
and  in  the  northern  part  quite  so,  but  not  so  much  so  as  to  render  successful 
cultivation  difficult.  The  land  is  now  almost  all  improved,  but  little  being  in 
its  natural  state.  Many  of  the  farms  are  very  large,  some  of  them  being  a 
Avhole  section  in  extent.     Many  of  the  buildings  are  of  superior  character. 

ORGANIZATION. 

As  before  stated,  by  mutual  consent  and  on  the  petition  of  the  voters  of  Linn, 
the  County  Board  had  declared  this  a  separate  precinct.  Therefore,  on  the 
5th  day  of  April,  1859,  at  an  election  held  in  accordance  with  this  order,  the 
following  persons  were  elected  to  the  several  township  offices :  Harrison  Simp- 
son, Supervisor;  Benjamin  Wilson,  Jr.,  Clerk;  Harrison.  Simpson,  Assessor; 
R.  S.  Burnham,  Collector  ;  James  M.  Martin  and  John  M.  Pinkerton,  Magis- 
trates ;  William  Bocock  and  John  Ogle,  Constables  ;  Alexander  Thorn,  Over- 
seer of  the  Poor ;  Henrv  Newell  and  John  Johnson,  Pound  jNIasters.  There 
were  thirteen  candidates  for  the  office  of  Commissioner  of  Highways,  and  of 
these,  S.  D.  Wilson,  William  Jury  and  Seaman  Linn  were  elected.  Of  these 
persons,  several  were  re-elected  year  after  year  for  a  number  of  years,  Benja- 


•3!MI  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

min  Wilson  having  held  the  office  of  Clerk,  with  the  exception  of  the  three 
years  spent  in  the  service  of  the  United  States  as  a  soldier,  continuously  to 
tlie  present  date. 

Improvements  of  various  kinds,  public  and  private,  followed  ;  and  the  pop- 
ulation of  the  township  has  increased  steadily  to  date,  the  number  of  inhabit- 
ants at  this  time  being  about  nine  hundred  and  fifty. 

EDUCATIOX. 

The  people  of  Linn  have  always  taken  a  lively  interest  in  everything  that 
pertained  to  the  education  of  the  youth.  Good  school  houses,  good  teachers 
and  other  facilities  for  obtaining  an  education  have  been  subjects  of  first 
importance.  Consequently,  we  find  here,  in  the  few  years  since  the  organiza- 
tion of  the  town,  a  very  satisfactory  progress  in  this  direction.  The  nucleus 
for  the  present  efficient  system  of  schools  was  no  more  than  a  dozen  children, 
instructed  in  a  room  of  a  private  dwelling.  This  was  in  the  Winter  of  185o-t3. 
The  number  of  children  of  school  age,  at  this  time,  is  not  less  than  320.  Nine 
school  houses  now  furnish  accommodations  for  these  pupils,  some  of  the  school 
houses  being  of  a  character  to  reflect  credit  on  the  community. 

In  addition  to  the  public  schools,  the  Evangelical  Lutheran  Church  main- 
tains a  private  school  in  their  church  building.  School  is  kept  open  ten  months 
in  the  year.     The  attendance  is  about  twenty-five.     Instruction  is  given  only 


in  the  German  language. 


RELIGION. 


Though  the  number  of  buildings  for  religious  purposes  is  small,  yet  it  must 
not  be  inferred  that  the  people  are,  in  any  measure,  destitute  of  church  privi- 
leges. The  organizations  at  Pattonsburg.  on  the  north ;  of  Cazenovia  Town- 
ship, on  the  west,  and  of  the  Baptist  Church  in  Roanoke  Township,  are  all 
composed  of  and  sustained,  to  a  large  extent,  by  members  who  reside  in  Linn. 

CHURCH    BUILDINGS. 

The  Lutheran  Church,  in  the  southeast  part  of  the  township,  was  erected 
in  1862.  It  is  a  substantial  frame,  thirtv-six  feet  wide  and  fiftv-four  feet  long. 
and  cost  the  society  ^2,000.  In  connection  with  this  is  a  comfortable  parson- 
age, with  forty  acres  of  land.  The  membership  of  the  church  is  eighty-five 
families.  The  Pastor  of  the  congrrecration  is  F.  .Jelden.  He  has  been  in  charge 
since  1874. 

The  Evangelical  Lutheran  Society,  in  the  Fall  of  1871,  erected  for  them- 
selves a  building  fifteen  by  twenty  feet,  together  with  a  parsonage,  the  two 
costing  §1,100.  The  society  numbers  110  baptized  persons,  including  children. 
Rev.  Carl  Weber  is  the  Pastor  of  this  congregation,  and  also  of  the  one  (of  this 
denomination)  at  Minonk. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  891 


WAR    RECORD. 


The  township  bore  an  honorable  part  in  the  struggle  for  preservation  of  the 
Union.  Though  no  public  action  was  taken  in  the  matter  of  hiring  substitutes, 
as  was  done  by  most  other  townships,  a  large  number  of  the  more  wealthy 
and  liberal  inhabi,tants  gave  of  their  means  for  this  purpose. 

On  the  16th  of  May,  1863,  public  action  was  taken  in  regard  to  supplying 
the  wants  of  the  families  of  volunteers,  and  a  committee  was  appointed  to  act  in 
conjunction  with  the  Supervisor  for  that  purpose. 

The  promptness  with  which  volunteers  flocked  to  the  standard  of  the  country 
was  not  surpassed  by  that  of  any  other  community,  and  many  of  them  sacrificed 
their  lives  in  their  efforts  to  protect  it. 

Among  those  who  thus  left  their  homes  never  to  return  were  William  Irwin, 
Thomas  Peabody,  Joseph  Bocock,  B.  M.  Linn  and  Capt.  Samuel  Jackman. 
These  all  died  of  disease,  in  hospitals  or  at  home.  Ira  Hoflfnagle  died  of  Avounds 
received  at  charge  at  Vicksburg ;  John  Standiker  was  killed  in  battle  at 
Arkansas  Post ;  Freeman  Wilson  was  killed  in  battle  at  Vicksburg. 

FATAL    ACCIDENTS. 

The  first  death  that  occurred  in  the  township  was  of  a  tragical  nature. 
Harrison  Hollenback,  Avho  has  been  mentioned  as  the  first  settler,  was  destined 
to  be  recorded  as  the  first  death.  This  occurred  in  1847.  Mr.  Hollenback 
had  been  to  market,  at  Lacon,  and  was  returning  in  his  wagon,  when  another 
party,  driving  up  furiously  behind  him,  frightened  his  horses,  and,  in  his  attempt 
to  check  them  and  turn  them  to  one  side  of  the  road,  the  wagon  was  upset. 
The  wagon  box,  in  upsetting,  struck  on  Mr.  Hollenback's  neck,  injuring  him  so 
that  he  died  in  a  few  hours. 

Roland  Davison,  in  1865,  met  witli  an  equally  mournful  death.  He  was 
in  the  field  harrowing  with  a  team  of  young  horses,  when  he  lit  a  match  and  set 
fire  to  some  dry  grass  and  stubble,  which,  flashing  up  into  a  blaze,  frightened  the 
horses,  which  immediately  ran,  dragging  Mr.  Davison  under  the  harrow,  and 
by  this  means  he  Avas  killed  almost  instantly. 

The  tornado,  mentioned  in  Roanoke  and  Clayton,  was  the  cause  of  a  fatal 
accident  in  this  town.  Chas.  Schneider  was  sitting  in  his  house  when  the  storm 
came  up,  and  before  he  had  time  to  fly  to  any  other  place  for  safety,  the  house 
was  whirled  into  the  air  and  crushed  in  pieces,  and  Mr.  Schneider  was  so 
severely  injured  that  he  died  in  a  few  days. 

PRESENT    OFFICERS. 

The  officers  elected  at  the  last  election  are  John  Wallan,  Supervisor;  Benj. 
Wilson,  Jr.,  Clerk;  R.  S.  Burnham,  Assessor;  John  Johnson,  Collector; 
Moses  N.  Bixby,  Jacob  Tjaden  and  Jacob  Hollenback,  Highway  Commissioners; 
William  Krater  and  G.  A.  Newton,  Justices  of  the  Peace  ;  Lion  Held  and  John 


392  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

McQuinney,  Constables ;   George  Woodburn,  Isaac  Fisher  and  William  Bocock, 
School  Trustees ;  James  M.  Davison,  School  Treasurer. 

As  an  example  of  what  energy,  determination  and  pluck  will  do,  this  town- 
ship furnishes  one  that  would  prove  to  any  one  profitable  study.  Thirty  years 
have  barely  passed  since  the  first  plow  exposed  the  soil  to  the  rays  of  the  sun 
and  the  first  crop  rewarded  the  farmer  for  his  industry.  But  little  more  than  a 
quarter  of  a  century  ago,  what  are  now  well  cultivated  fields  and  improved 
thoroughfare  was  a  desolate  waste,  literally  a  desert,  which  the  immigrant  was 
loth  to  occupy  on  account  of  its  very  desolation.  Now,  how  changed  the  scene! 
Every  foot  of  land  has  been  for  a  number  of  years  not  only  occupied,  but  under 
successful  cultivation.  Good  roads  and  comfortable  houses  are  seen  every- 
where ;  cattle,  horses,  sheep  and  hogs  dot  the  prairies  on  all  sides,  and  pros- 
perity and  comfort  are  evident  on  every  hand. 


PARTRIDGE    TOWNSHIP. 

This  township  lies  in  the  northwest  corner  of  Woodford  County,  and 
borders  on  the  Illinois  River,  which,  together  with  Marshall  County,  forms  its 
western  and  northern  boundaries,  while  Cazenovia  Township  lies  on  the  east 
and  Worth  on  the  south.  Partridge  is  a  fractional  township,  and  contains,  per- 
haps, less  good  farming  land  than  any  town,  with  the  exception  of  Spring  Bay, 
in  the  county.  A  considerable  district  along  the  river  bottom  is  swampy  and 
marshy  to  an  extent  to  render  it  almost,  if  not  wholly,  unfit  for  farming  pur- 
poses ;  Avhile  back  beyond  the  river  bottom  proper  rises  a  range  of  hills,  brakes 
and  bluffs,  as  little  adapted  to  agricultural  experiments  as  the  swamps  them- 
selves. The  creeks  of  Richland,  Snag  and  Black  Partridge,  with  several 
branches  of  smaller  note,  wind  througli  the  numerous  hills,  and  finally  make 
their  way  into  the  Illinois  River.  Along  the  water  courses,  and  upon  these 
numberless  bluffs,  and  brakes  and  hills,  grow  any  quantity  of  excellent  timber. 
Within  the  swampy  marsh  above  alluded  to  luxuriates  a  species  of  wild  rice, 
which  used  to  be  gathered  as  food,  and  highly  relished  by  the  Indians  in  their 
day ;  but  at  present,  where  it  still  grows,  it  meets  no  other  demand  than  from 
the  wild  birds,  who  feed  on  it  to  a  considerable  extent.  Partridge  Township, 
while  it  does  not  compare  with  other  portions  of  Woodford  County  in  wealth 
and  agricultural  resources,  is  not  surpassed  by  any  part  of  it  in  the  richness  of 
its  early  history.  These  hills  were  once  the  favorite  hunting  grounds  of  the 
red  men  ;  on  the  banks  of  these  rivulets,  and  around  these  bubbling  springs, 
he  built  his  camp  fire  and  erected  his  lodge.  Through  these  brakes  he  chased 
the  panting  deer,  or  pursued  the  bear  and  the  panther  through  the  dark  forests. 
Here,  too,  it  may  be,  that  his  war  whoop  broke  the  stillness,  and  the  sounds  of 
the  bloody  strife  rolled  over  the  bluffs,  while  his  death-song  wailed  through  the 
lonely  Avood  a  mournful  finale  of  his  barbarous  customs.  And  here,  also,  tradi- 
tion  informs  us,  the  Mound  Builders  once  existed,  and  manv  traces  and  relics 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  393 

of  this  wonderful  people  are  still  to  be  found  in  this  region.  Hundreds  of 
these  mounds,  rising  above  the  general  surface-  like  old  Virginia  sweet  potato 
hills,  are  to  be  found  all  through  the  township,  and  some  of  them  of  a  large 
size.  A  number  were  surveyed,  some  time  ago,  by  scientific  men,  but  we  do 
not  know  what  report  they  made  of  their  investigations.  It  is  not  likt-ly  that 
anything  will  ever  be  known  of  this  strange  race,  beyond  mere  conjectures  or 
vague  theories.  Oblivion,  like  the  waves  of  the  sea,  has  closed  over  them,  and 
there  are  none  who  can  give  their  history  with  truth  or  certainty.  Tliat  they 
were  a  different  race  of  people  from  the  Indians  may  be  true,  and  that  they 
were  farther  advanced  in  civilization  and  domestic  habits,  as  many  scholars 
believe,  may  also  be  true ;  but,  at  the  same  time,  the  subject  is  wrapped  some- 
what in  clouds  and  darkness,  and  to  a  degree  defies  historic  scrutiny  and 
research.  We  will,  therefore,  leave  the  matter  to  those  whose  time  and 
circumstances  permit  them  to  study  it  thoroughly,  and  investigate  the  whole 
thing  to  their  entire  satisfaction. 

SETTLEMENT. 

Among   the  early  settlers  in    Partridge   Township  are  Blaylock, 

"  Red  "  Jo.  Belsley,  Louis  A.  Guibert,  Francis  Ayers,  Philip  Bettelyune,  John 
M.  Klingman,  Daniel  and   Samuel    Hedlock,  Dan.   Sowards,  Jo.   K.  Juhnson, 

Jeff.   Hoshor,   Benj.   Younger,  Barker,    Chauncy  Baker,   John  Sharp, 

George  Rucker  and  the  Snyders.  Of  the  man  Blaylock,  notwithstanding  his 
name  is  a  kind  of  household  word  all  over  the  county,  we  have  found  it  exceed- 
ingly difficult  to  obtain  anything  like  definite  information  of  him.  From  all 
the  extravagant  statements  and  conflicting  rumors  in  regard  to  him,  we  extract 
the  following,  which  seems  to  bear  upon  its  face  some  evidence  of  reliability  : 
That  he  was  the  first  white  man  in  this  section — probably  in  Woodford  County 
— there  seems  to  be  no  doubt.  No  one,  however,  knows  where  he  came  from, 
or  at  what  time  he  came  to  the  spot  where  others  found  him.  Nor  can  it  hard- 
ly be  said  that  he  made  a  settlement,  though  he  had  a  kind  of  thatched  cabin, 
hut  or  lodge,  and  lived  in  Indian  style,  by  hunting  and  fishing.  His  lodge 
was  on  what  is  now  known  as  the  Mullins  Place,  in  the  southern  part  of  the 
township.  He  seems  to  have  possessed  no  more  civilization  than  the  Indians 
themselves,  but  a  greater  amount  of  cunning  rascality.  His  wife  and  children* 
wore  buckskin,  and  the  latter  did  little  else  than  hunt  and  fish,  while  the  old 
lady  appears  to  have  been  a  kind  of  doctress,  and  practiced  obstetrics  when  the 
sparsely  settled  neighborhood  required  her  services  in  that  capacity.  Blaylock 
is  supposed  to  have  been  a  regular  counterfeiter.  When  the  Indians  left  the 
country,  he  went  with  them,  and  in  his  deserted  hut  were  found  moulds,  spuri- 
ous coin,  and  the  entire  kit  of  a  manufacturer  of  "  the  queer."  His  oldest  son 
was  said  to  have  been  quite  a  respectable  boy,  and  would  not  go  with  his  father 
when  he  left  with  the  Indians,  but  went  East  instead.  What  has  been  the 
final  fate  of  them,  no  one  knows. 

*He  had  about  a  half  (iozen  children,  boys  and  girls. 


394  HISTORV  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

Francis  Ayers,  who  perhaps  made  the  first  actual  settlement  in  this  town- 
ship, came  from  Ohio,  but  had  been  born  and  reared  in  New  Hampshire.  He 
came  to  Illinois  in  the  Summer  of  1830,  and  settled  in  what  was  then  called 
Partridge  Point — now  Metamora — on  the  place  where  Jacob  Banta  lived.  He 
made  the  settlement  and  built  the  cabin,  when  he  sold  it  to  George  Kinorston. 
Kingston  sold  it  to  Jesse  Dale,  and  Dale  to  Banta,  The  next  year  after  com- 
ing to  this  settlement,  he  sold  out,  as  stated,  and  removed  into  what  is  now 
Partridge  Townsliip,  and  settled  in  the  Partridge  Creek  bottom,  about  three 
miles  from  the  Illinois  River.  This  is  said  to  be  the  first  settlement  after  , 
Blaylock — if,  indeed,  the  latter  can  be  called  a  settlement.  At  the  time  Mr. 
Ayers  settled  here,  there ^was  not  another  family  (except  Blaylock's)  between 
Spring  Bay  and  Lacon.  Moses  Ayer.'j,  his  son,  though  a  rather  small  boy  at 
the  time,  remembers  very  distinctly  the  privations  of  those  early  days.  His 
father  settled  at  Partridge  Point  in  Julv  of  1830,  and  the  foUowino;  Winter 
came  the  deep  snow,  an  event  he  still  remembers. 

"Red"  Jo.  Belsley,  alluded  to  in  the  history  of  Worth  Township,  settled  in 
Parti'idge  next  after  Ayers,  and  sold  out  to  Jo.  K.  Johnson,  when  he  came  to 
the  place.  Mr.  Belsley  was  from  France,  and  came  to  this  county  among  the 
very  first  from  that  Empire.  After  selling  out  to  Johnson,  he  settled  in  the 
present  limits  of  Worth  Township,  but  very  near  the  line  of  Partridge,  where 
he  died  in  1872. 

Louis  A.  Guibert  came  from  France  to  the  United  States  in  1833,  and  set- 
tled in  Partridge  Towhship.  He  was  a  soldier  of  the  Republic  and  of  the  First 
Empire,  and  participated  in  many  of  the  terrific  battles  of  those  stirring  times, 
among  them,  Austerlitz,  Nina  and  Wagram  :  and,  as  a  reward  for  his  bravery, 
was  made  Chevalier  of  the  Legion  of  Honor,  on  the  battle  field,  by  Napoleon 
himself.  Capt.  Guibert  was  born  in  January,  1784.  in  the  province  of  Maine, 
and  his  childhood  was  passed  in  the  stormy  times  of  the  Revolution,  in  which 
he  was  later  destined  to  bear  so  active  a  part.  He  was  of  noble  family,  and 
during  the  political  troubles  of  the  time,  his  father  escaped  from  France ;  his 
mother  was  thrown  into  prison,  and,  after  her  release,  compelled  to  keep  secreted 
during  the  long  and  terrible  civil  war  that  devastated  that  unhappy  country. 
Before  his  father's  return  to  France,  he  enlisted  as  a  private  soldier  and  serve<l 
until  Bonaparte's  abdication,  in  1814,  when  he  had  risen  in  rank  to  a  Captain 
of  infantry.  An  only  brother  had  died  in  Spain  of  a  wound  received  in  the 
seige  of  Saragossa.  His  early  years  were  marked  with  interest,  having,  in  his 
youth,  passed  through  the  French  Revolution,  with  its  accompanying  reign  of 
terror,  and  had  marched  and  fought  over  half  of  Europe.  He  had  witnessed 
the  melting  away  of  one-half  of  his  company  before  a  single  discharge  of  artillesy 
on  the  field  of  Austerlitz  ;  and  at  the  close  of  another  bloody  engagement,  was 
one  of  eight  survivors  from  a  company  of  seventy-one  men  who  Avent  into  action. 

As  stated,  he  came  to  America  in  1833,  where,  in  a  pioneer  settlement,  he 
bore  all  the  trials  and  privations  incident  to  a  life  on  the  frontier.     He  suifered 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  395 

some  reverses,  by  which  he  lost  a  portion  of  the  wealth  he  brought  to  tliis  coun- 
try ;  but,  through  energy  and  perseverance,  retrieved  his  fortunes,  and  his  last 
years  were  spent  in  comparative  affluence.  The  long  life  that  was  so  stormy 
and  turbulent  at  its  beginning  was  peaceful  in  its  decline,  and,  finally,  closed 
in  quietude  in  August,  1866.  He  was  a  man  of  excellent  mind,  of  fine  native 
intelligence  and  gay  humor,  which  lasted  him  to  the  end  of  his  mortal  career. 
His  son,  Louis  A.  Guibert,  Jr.,  is  a  worthy  representative  of  the  old  French 
Chevalier,  but  will,  doubtless,  never  be  called  to  endure  similar  experiences. 
He  stayed,  the  first  night  after  his  arrival  in  the  neighborhood,  at  "  Red  "  Jo. 
Belsley's.  who  had  settled  here  the  year  previous.  He  built  a  saw-mill  in  the 
latter  part  of  18-33,  and  finished  it  off  in  1834.  He  brought  his  workmen  with 
him  from  France,  and  it  was  long  known  as  the  old  French  Mill.  He  owned 
and  operated  a  large  hemp  and  flax  factory  before  coming  to  this  country. 

Jefferson  Hoshor,  noticed  in  the  history  of  Spring  Bay  Township,  was  from 
Ohio,  and  settled,  first,  near  the  line  between  Spring  Bay  and  Worth,  in  April, 
1833.  He  lived  in  that  neighborhood  until  1852,  when  he  removed  into  Par- 
tridge and  settled  near  where  his  son,  Talbot  Hoshor,  now  lives,  and  where  he 
died  August  12,  1872.  He  was  a  man  of  sterling  worth,  integrity  and  busi- 
ness energy. 

Jo.  K.  Johnson  came  from  Ohio,  but  was  originally  from  Pennsylvania.  He 
came  here  about  the  year  1833-4,  and  bought  out  "  Red  "  Jo.  Belsley  and  set- 
tle<l  permanently  on  the  place  Belsley  had  opened,  and  he  (Belsley)  removed 
into  Worth  Township.  Johnson  seems  to  have  been  quite  a  prominent  man  in 
the  settlement,  owning  and  operating  a  mill — both  saw  and  grist-mill — and  was, 
also,  a  blacksmith. 

Chauncey  Baker  likewise  came  from  Pennsylvania  and  settled  in  the  north- 
ern part  of  the  township,  about  1835,  where  he  still  lives,  a  rather  feeble  old 
man. 

The  Snyders  were  from  Germany,  and  came  to  America  very  early  ;  stopped 
a  short  time  in  New  York,  and  settled  in  Partridge  in  1834.  There  were  four 
of  them,  John,  Isaac,  David  and  Peter  Snyder,  but  the  last  named  is  the  only 
one  now  living  in  the  neighborhood  of  the  original  settlement.  The  others  are 
all  dead  or  removed  to  other  sections. 

John  Sharp  was  born  in  Columbus,  Ohio,  and  first  settled  in  Peoria  County 
in  1827,  and  about  1835  he  removed  to  Woodford  County  and  settled  in  the 
Partridge  Creek  bottom,  just  within  Worth  Township,  near  the  Partridge  line, 
where  he  died  in  1875.  His  widow  is  still  living  on  the  old  homestead,  where 
the  flower  of  their  years  was  passed. 

John  M.  Clingman,  Philip  Bettelyune  and  George  Ruckle  came  from  Penn- 
sylvania;  the  two  former  are  old  Pennsylvania  Dutch.  Clingman 's  father 
removed  with  his  family  to  Ohio,  in  1805,  and  in  1835,  John  came  to  Illinois 
and  settled  in  Worth  Township,  where  he  remained  until  about  two  years  ago, 
when  he  removed  into  Cazenovia,  and  now  resides  in  Cazenovia  village.     When 


396  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

he  settled  in  Partridge  Township,  he  remembers  only  Francis  Ay  res,  "  Red  " 
Jo.  Belsley,  Louis  A.  Guibert,  Jo.  K.  Johnson,  Daniel  Sowards,  David  and 
Samuel  Hedlock. 

George  Ruckle  settled  in  Partridge  about  1833-34,  near  where  he  died  in 
1863.  His  widow  still  survives  at  the  age  of  70  years,  and  is  quite  a  sprightly 
old  lady,  and  rides  on  horseback  with  as  much  ease  as  she  did  forty  years  ago. 

Philip  Bettelyune  came  to  Peoria  in  the  Fall  of  1835,  and  the  next  Spring 
settled  in  Partridge  Township.  In  about  two  years,  they  removed  from  their 
first  settlement,  into  what  is  known  as  Partridge  Bottom.  He  died  in  1867,  and 
his  widow  lives  now  in  the  village  of  Spring  Bay.  In  those  days,  says  Mrs. 
Bettelyune,  the  people  would  cut  down  saplings,  and  build  a  cabin  with  a  mud 
fireplace  and  chimney,  move  into  it  and  smoke  their  eyes  out.  Deer,  wolves 
and  turkey  were  plenty.  She  used  to  board  wood-choppers,  and  they  Afould  go 
out  and  kill  a  turkey  before  breakfast,  to  be  cooked  for  their  dinners.  Once, 
she  says,  when  she  was  engaged  with  her  weekly  washing,  a  deer  came  up  to 
the  fence,  she  set  the  dogs  on  it  and  caught  it,  when  she  discovered  it  had  been 
shot  sometime  before.  It  seemed,  in  its  pain  to  have  come  to  her,  and  she  felt 
bad  for  the  "  poor  thing  "  for  several  days  after. 

Benjamin  Younger  Avas  from  Ohio,  and  Wm.  Hunter  from  Tennessee,  and 
settled  in  this  township  in  1835.  Dan  Sowards,  we  find  here  at  an  early  day, 
one  of  the  early  settlers  of  the  Partridge  Point,  or  Metamora  settlement.  He 
removed  to  Partridge  among  the  first  settlers,  and  spent  the  remainder  of  his 
life  here.  His  widow  is  still  living  on  the  old  place,  on  Richland  Creek,  above 
Louis  Guibert's. 

In  those  primitive  times,  trading  was  done  at  Peoria,  mostly.  John  Ham- 
blin  is  said  to  have  been  the  first  man  who  paid  money  for  pork,  and  paid  either 
money  or  goods  as  suited  his  customers.  Wheat  was  generally  hauled  to  Chi- 
cago— and  sometimes  at  37  cents  a  bushel — while  salt  and  lumber  would  be 
brought  back  in  exchange.  Peoria  was  for  years  their  post  office,  and  frequently 
the  settler  was  put  to  his  wits  to  raise  25  cents  to  pay  the  postage  on  his  letters, 
which  was  then  the  tax  on  a  letter,  and  was  paid  at  the  office  of  delivery. 

BIRTH,    DEATH    AND    MARRIAGE. 

Walter  Cheeny  is  supposed  to  have  been  the  first  white  child  born  in  Part- 
ridge Township,  and  was  born  in  1834.  The  first  marriage  was  John  Sharp 
and  ]Miss  Phiebe  Ayers,  daughter  of  Francis  Ayers.  They  were  married  in 
1833,  by  Rev.  Mr.  Curtis,  of  Pleasant  Grove.  The  first  death  was  an  old  man 
named  Gingerich.  He  came  from  Germany,  in  1831,  the  year  before  the 
Black  Hawk  War,  and  died  the  second  Summer  after  he  came  to  the  country.  A 
evry  melancholy  affair  occurred  in  this  township,  in  the  Winter  of  1836-7. 
During  the  time  known  and  still  talked  of  among  the  old  settlers  as  the  cold 
snap,  a  man  by  the  name  of  Butler,  and  his  daughter,  a  young  lady,  who  it  is 
said,  was  engaged  to  be  married,  froze  to  death  in  the  woods  near  to  their  own 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  397 

home.     There  is  a  good  deal  of  diversity  of  opinion  as  to  the  exact  date  of  its 
occurrence.     Some  hold  that  it  was  in  December,  a  few  days  before  Christmas, 
while  others  are  equally  certain  that  it  was  about  the  same  time  in  the  month 
of  January.     All,  however,  agree  that  it  was  in  the  Winter  of  '36-7.     The 
circumstances  were  briefly  these:     Butler  and  his  daughter  had  gone  after  a 
cow,  or  cows,  that  had  strayed  away,  or  that  they  had  purchased.      When  they 
left  home,  in  the  forenoon,  it  was  warm  and  pleasant;  and  though  there  was 
snow  on  the  ground,  it  had  rained  some  during  the  forenoon,  and  the  snow 
became  very  slushy.     In  the  afternoon,  seemingly,  almost  in  the  twinkling  of 
an  eye,  it  turned  cold  as  "Greenland's  icy  mountains,"  as  many  old  settlers 
still  can  testify.     He  and  his  daughter  were  en  route  for  home  with  their  cattle, 
but  abandoned  them  when  the  cold  overtook  them  so  intensely,  and  endeavored 
to   reach   home.     The  most  plausible  theory  seems  to   be,  that  the  girl  froze 
first;    her  father  seemed  to  have  stayed  with  her,  until  she  was  entirely  dead, 
and  had  tied  a  handkerchief  around  her  ftice.     It  is  said  that  her  clothes  and 
skirts  and  lower  limbs  were  covered  very  thickly  in  ice,  wliich  had  congealed 
from  the  slush  that  had  splashed  up  from  the  soft  snow,  until  they  had  become 
so  heavy  she  could  not  carry  them,  and,  no  doubt,  was  the  cause  of  her  freezing 
before  reaching  home.     When  her  father  found  she  was  dead,  it  seemed  he  had 
started  to  try  to  reach  home,  and  succeeded  in  getting  within  a  few  hundred 
yards,  when  he,  too,  succumbed.     He  seemed  to  have  even  crawled  some  distance, 
after  he  got  down  on  the  ground  and  past  walking.     Many  think  that  the  large 
amount  of  ice  frozen  to  the  girl  caused  her  to  give  up  first ;  and  that,  had  he 
hurried  home,   instead  of  staying  with  her,   as   he  seems  to  have  done,  and 
returned  with  assistance,  both  might  have  been  savei.     But  it  is  not  easy  to 
say  just  what  one  would  do,  placed  in  similar  circumstances.     It  was  several 
days   before  the   corpses  were  found;    and    then,   in    condition   as   described, 
doubled  up,  and  froze  so  stifi",  that  all  that  could  be  done  was  to  put  them  in 
large  boxes,  and,  when  the  weather  would  admit,  to  bury  them  decently.     They 
were  interred  but  a  few  rods  from  where  Talbot  Hosher's  present  residence 
stands.     And  doubtless  there  are  many  who  remember  them,  when  they  read 
this  notice,  who  will  indulge  a  melancholy  sigh  in  memory  of  their  mournful 
and  sad  death. 

STORE    AND    POST    OFFICE. 

There  are  no  villages  in  Partridge  ToAvnship,  nor  has  there  ever  been  a 
regular  post  ofiice.  Years  ago,  when  the  mail  was  carried  on  horseback  from 
Lacon  to  Spring  Bay,  they  had  a  kind  of  accommodation  post  office  at  Chaun- 
cey  Baker's,  where  the  mail  for  that  neighborhood  was  left  by  the  carrier,  but, 
so  far  as  we  could  learn,  there  was  no  authorized  or  commissioned  Postmaster. 
There  is  a  similar  arrangement  now  existing  between  the  town  of  Chillicothe 
and  Ramey's  store,  in  Partridge.  Whoever  chances  to  go  over  to  Chillicothe, 
and  there  is  some  one  every  week,  brings  over  all  the  Partridge  mail  and 
leaves  it  at  the  store,  where  the  neighbors  get  it  as  they  come  in.     This  little 


398  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

Store  was  opened  in  the  township  three  years  ago  last  Full,  by  a  man  named 
Ramey,  and  after  a  year  or  so  in  the  mercantile  business,  he  was  succeeded  in 
it  by  Willie  Crank.  He  finally  sold  out  to  George  Ramey.  who  keeps  a  gen- 
eral assortment  of  goods  adapted  to  the  Avants  of  the  surrounding  community, 
and  which  saves  the  people  many  a  trip  to  town  for  small  articles  they  chance 
to  need. 

Jo.  K.  Johnson  was  the  first  blacksmith  in  the  town.  He  kept  a  shop  at 
his  mill,  as  soon  as  he  settled  in  the  community. 

The  township  has  never  had  a  eliurch  building  within  its  limits,  but  this 
fact  does  not  imply  that  the  people  are  opposed  to  religious  institutions  and 
organizations.  There  are  several  churches  just  outside  of  the  borders,  and  their 
school  houses  serve  the  double  purpose  of  religious  as  well  as  educational  train- 
ing. Among  the  first  preachers  to  proclaim  the  Word  of  God  in  the  town  were 
Revs.  Davenport  and  Palmer,  who  used  to  come  down  from  the  Walnut  Grove 
settlement  and  hold  religious  services  in  Partridge  Bottom.  An  old  Baptist 
preacher  named  Pigsley  used  to  preach  in  the  town  sometimes,  in  the  early 
period  of  the  settlement.  Dr.  Harlow  Barney  Avas  the  first  to  practice  the 
healing  art  in  the  settlement. 

The  first  mill  was  built  by  Jefi"  Tolafero,  who  came  from  Ohio,  and  was 
among  the  first  settlers.  It  was  a  saw-mill  only,  and  he  sold  it  to  Jo.  K.  John- 
son, who  built  a  grist-mill  in  connection  with  it.  Soon  after  this,  Guibert  and 
Snyders  built  mills  in  the  township. 

SCHOOLS,    SCHOOL    HOUSES,    ETC. 

There  is  some  question  as  to  when  and  where  the  first  school  house  was 
erected.  One  story  goes  that  the  first  in  Partridge  Township  Avas  built  in  1845- 
46.  in  the  bottom,  near  where  Johnson  lived.  Another,  that  it  was  built  on 
Richland  Creek,  up  near  where  Dan  Sowards  lived  then.  Which  has  the  pre- 
cedence we  are  unable  to  say. 

The  first  school  is  supposed  to  have  been  taught  by  an  old  man  named  Plum- 
mer,  who  used  to  teach  at  the  neighbors'  houses,  long  before  there  was  a  school 
house  in  the  town.  He  taught  awhile  at  Francis  Ay  res'  and  at  other  places  in 
the  vicinity.  The  old  man.  after  teaching  several  schools  for  nearlv  nothino-, 
finally  became  a  county  charge,  the  first  case  of  the  kind  of  which  we  have  any 
record  in  Woodford  County. 

Another  of  the  pioneer  school  teachers  of  Partridge  was  an  old  man  with 
one  leg,  named  Caldwell,  who  taught  up  on  Richland  Creek,  in  the  neighbor- 
hood of  the  little  log  school  house  built  there  so  long  ago. 

Alexander  Boulier,  the  present  ToAvnship  Treasurer,  has  the  school  records 
back  to  the  formation  of  public  schools,  and  from  them,  through  his  courtesy, 
we  extract  the  following  :  The  first  meeting  of  the  School  Trustees  was  held 
on  the  27th  of  November,  1844,  and  the  Board  was  composed  of  Harlow  Bar- 
ney, Samuel  Hedlock  and  H.  M.  Curry. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  399 

The  county,  at  that  time,  was  divided  into  four  election  districts,  and  at  this 
meeting  of  School  Trustees,  this  election  district,  which  was  the  fourth,  was 
divided  into  four  school  districts,  viz.:  Partridge  District,  No.  1  ;  Upper  Part- 
ridge, No.  2;  Richland,  No.  3,  and  Dry  Run,  No.  4.  Harlow  Barney  was 
elected  School  Treasurer. 

In  1847,  we  find  Benjamin  Younger,  James  Cannon,  Harlow  Barney  com- 
posing the  School  Board,  and  Abnor  Mundell  School  Treasurer. 

These  old  records,  however,  contain  nothing  of  any  particular  importance, 
and,  with  a  few  items  from  the  Treasurer's  last  annual  report  to  the  County 
Superintendent  of  Schools,  we  Avill  pass  over  the  matter  : 

Number  of  males  in  township  under  21 128 

Number  of  females  in  township  under  21 134 

Total 262 

Number  of  males  in  township  between  6  and  21 —     83 

Number  of  females  in  township  between  6  and  21 84 

Total 167 

Number  of  male  teachers  employed 1 

Number  of  female  teachers  employed 2 

Total 3 

Number  of  school  districts  in  township 3 

Number  of  schools  taught  in  township 3 

Number  of  frame  schools  houses  in  township 3 

Highest  monthly  wages  paid  teachers $42  OQ 

Lowest  monthly  wages  paid  teachers 30  00 

Total  amount  paid  to  teachers 718  00 

Estimated  value  of  school  property 1,500  00 

The  township,  although  but  little  short  in  actual  area  of  a  full  township,  so 
much  of  it  is  untillable  in  swamps,  bluffs  and  brakes,  that  the  habitable  portion 
has  but  three  school  districts.  These  have  each  a  good  comfortable  frame 
school  house,  and  support  a  good  school  for  the  usual  term  yearly.  Partridge 
is  known  as  Township  28  north.  Range  3  west,  with  a  total  valuation  of  taxable 
property,  in  1877,  of  $210,312.00.  When  the  county  was  formed  into  town 
ships,  under  Government  survey,  in  1852,  this  town  was  called  Partridge  from 
the  old  Indian  Chief  Black  Partridge,  who,  it  is  said,  used  to  have  his  wigwam 
at  one  of  the  beautiful  springs  so  common  in  this  township.  The  first  Super- 
visor of  Partridge,  under  township  organization,  was  Jefferson  Hoshor.  At 
present,  W.  Crank  is  the  Supervisor,  and  is  one  of  the  solid  business  men  of  the 
community  where  he  lives. 

^  POLITICAL    AND    WAR    RECORD; 

Partridge  is  another  of  Woodford  County's  Democratic  strongholds.  It  is 
said  that  in  the  old  days  when  Whiggery  was  in  the  zenith  of  its  glory,  Benj. 
Younger  was   the  only  man  in  this  entire   section  who  voted  the  Whig  ticket. 


400  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

It  is  still  Democratic,  but  probably  not  as  overwhelmingly  so  as  it  was  then. 
During  the  late  war  it  did  its  duty,  according  to  the  number  of  its  population,  as 
well  as  any  section  of  the  county.  Many  soldiers  were  sent  into  the  field  from 
Partridge.  Notwithstanding  her  patriotism,  however,  she  was  subjected  to  a 
draft,  but  for  only  ten  or  a  dozen  men  to  fill  out  her  quota. 

The  following  are  the  names  of  soldiers  from  Partridge,  so  far  as  we  could 
obtain  them  :  Thomas  Tunis,  Company  I.  One  Hundred  and  Thirteenth  Regi- 
ment Illinois  A'olunteers ;  John  and  Lemuel  Barnes,  Company  B,  One  Hun- 
dred and  Eighth  Regiment  of  A'olunteer  Infantry  ;  and  Joseph  Malone,  Samuel 
MuUin,  Henry  and  Jeff  Deford,  and  Jacob  and  Matthias  Taggott,  whose  regi- 
ments  and  companies  we  were  unable  to  ascertain. 


PANOLA  TOWNSHIP. 

EARLY    HISTORY. 

The  completion  of  the  Illinois  Central  Railroad,  in  1854,  marks  a  new  era 
in  the  history  of  the  eastern  part  of  Woodford  County.  With  truth,  it  may  be 
said  that  it  marks  the  date  of  the  very  earliest  settlements,  for,  at  that  period, 
there  were,  within  a  territory  consisting  of  more  than  a  hundred  square  miles  in 
this  section,  not  more  than  two  families.  John  Brewer  had  removed  to  this 
township  from  Ohio,  and  settled  in  the  little  grove,  just  north  of  where  the  vil- 
lage now  stands.  The  date  of  his  settlement  was  as  early  as  1836.  At  that 
time,  his  neisrhbors  were  a  half  dozen  families,  along  Panther  Creek,  in  the 
townships  of  Greene  and  Roanoke.  He  had,  however,  died  pre\aous  to  the  time 
when  the  actual  history  of  the  township  began. 

George  W.  Kingston  had  also  settled  here,  in  1851,  and  Edward  Waldron 
and  family,  from  England,  in  1852.  The  location  of  a  station,  at  the  present 
site  of  the  village,  immediately  brought  a  few  railroad  employes,  some  of  whom 
became  permanent  settlers.  Of  these  were  Dennis  Sharp,  who  has  continued 
to  reside  in  the  neighborhood  until  the  present.  B.  Stockwell  was  the  first  sta- 
tion agent.  He  stayed  here  but  a  year,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  N.  L.  Seever, 
who  resided  here  some  years.  Stockwell  was  promoted  until  he  finally  became 
General  Freight  Agent  of  the  road.  William  Grosley  came  here  in  the  Fall  of 
1854.  He  moved  a  store  building  to  the  station,  in  the  same  year,  and  com- 
menced, with  Thomas  Patterson,  to  sell  goods,  that  same  Fall  and  Winter.  Pat- 
terson was  from  Pennsylvania.  This  store  building,  besides  the  ones  put  up  by 
the  railroad  company,  was  the  first  in  the  village,  and  the  third  in  the  township. 
The  same  Fall,  F.  I.  Barnard,  from  the  township  of  Greene,  moved  to  the  sta- 
tion, bringing  the  post  office  of  Josephine,  which  had  formerly  been  located 
there,  and  which  was  now  changed,  in  name,  to  Panola. 

The  next  year  several  additions  were  made  to  the  village,  and  several  farms 
were  opened. 


'Mh. 


&^^^       /^ 


KAf'PA 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  403 

In  the  Spring  of  1855,  Robert  McClelland,  who  was,  that  very  Spring,, 
elected  Supervisor,  arrived  with  his  family.  McClelland  was  from  the  northern 
part  of  the  State.  He  was  an  active  man  in  politics,  and  all  public  measures 
affecting  the  interests  of  the  community.  He  resided  here  a  number  of  years, 
but  finally  removed  to  Chicago,  where  he  still  resides. 

In  the  Fall  of  the  same  year,  William  Tompkins,  father-in-law  of  McClel- 
land, came  in.  He  was  a  native  of  New  York,  but  had  lived  for  some  time  in 
the  north  part  of  Illinois. 

James  Dye,  from  Virginia,  came  in  the  Spring  of  1855,  and  opened  a  lumber 
yard ;  Mr.  Dye  still  lives  in  the  township. 

The  next  to  arrive  were  Henry  Saltsman  and  family.  Mr.  Saltsman  had 
really  been  here  the  year  before,  but  had  gone  back  to  New  York  after  his  wife 
and  children.  They  arrived  here  in  the  Fall.  Mr.  Saltsman  built  the  seventh 
house  in  the  township.  He  was,  as  soon  as  he  had  gained  his  residence,  elected 
to  the  office  of  Magistrate,  and  continued  to  deal  out  justice  to  the  community 
until  one  year  ago  ;  having  held  the  office  continuously  for  twenty  years.  About 
the  same  time,  Jacob  C.  Myers,  a  native  of  Pennsylvania,  came  with  his  family ; 
and  following  soon  after — early  in  the  Spring  of  1856 — his  brother,  0.  P.  A. 
Myers,  and  family  came.  They  had  resided,  for  some  years  previously,  in 
Greene  Township,  and  were  not  only  pioneers  of  both  Panola  and  Greene,  but 
0.  P.  A.  Myers  was  really  the  proposer  of  the  name  for  Greene  Township, 
which  was  thus  named  in  honor  of  his  native  county. 

About  the  close  of  the  year,  Levi  Hodgson,  who  had  been  living  in  Pekin, 
111.,  arrived,  with  his  family,  and  opened  a  farm  on  Section  28.  Thus  we  find, 
at  the  close  of  the  year  1855,  a  little  community  of  sixteen  families.  Most  of 
them  were  earnest,  honest  and  industrious  men  and  women.  They  filled  their 
places  in  their  little  society  and  in  their  various  political  positions  with  credit  to 
themselves  and  with  advantage  to  the  neighborhood,  not  only  for  the  time  being, 
but  for  many  years  to  come.  Six  of  these  heads  of  families  still  reside  in  the 
township ;  some  are  dead  and  some  have  moved  to  other  fields  of  labor,  and  all 
are  remembered  with  feelings  of  that  regard  which  naturally  attaches  to  the 
pioneer. 

EARLY    DEATHS. 

As  happens  in  almost  all  newly-settled  places,  many  of  the  early  deaths  are 
by  violence  or  accidents ;  so  this  was  no  exception.  In  the  Fall  of  1855,  the 
section  boss,  Horace  Allen,  died  from  the  poison  of  the  bite  of  a  rattlesnake. 
In  pulling  some  weeds  from  the  ground,  near  the  track,  he  received  from  one 
of  these  venomous  reptiles,  that  lay  concealed  there,  the  poison  which,  in  a  few 
days,  terminated  his  life.  At  this  time,  there  was  no  burial  place  in  the  town- 
ship, and  he  was  interred  in  a  grave  on  the  company's  land,  a  little  northwest 
of  the  village.  A  plain  marble  slab  marks  the  lonely  resting  place.  This  was 
not  the  first  death  in  the  township,  though  it  was  the  first  burial.  Two  years 
before,  John  Brewer  and  daughter  had  died  of  typhoid  fever,  and  had  been 


404  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

buried  ii\  Greene  Township.  Three  years  after  Allen's  death,  another  employe 
of  the  road  came  to  his  death  under  very  peculiar  circumstances.  A  Mr.  Bar- 
low, it  is  said,  had  dreamed,  on  several  nights,  that  some  fatal  accident  would 
occur  to  him  ;  and  so  impressed  was  he  with  what  he  believed  to  be  an  omen  of 
evil,  that  he  took  especial  pains  to  avoid  any  contingency  of  the  kind.  On  the 
day  that  he  met  his  death,  instead  of  riding  on  the  car,  as  was  his  custom,  with 
the  omen  in  his  mintl,  he  selected  a  hand-car,  to  which  a  rope  was  attached. 
The  rope  he  held  in  his  hands,  and,  by  some  casualty,  it  became  entangled  in 
the  wheels  and  began  drawing  Mr.  Barlow  closer  and  closer.  Though  he  might 
have  dropped  the  rope,  some  fatality  seemed  to  compel  him  to  hold  on,  and  his 
arms  were  drawn  into  the  wheels  and  literally  ground  off.  Though,  at  the  time, 
not  considered  fatal,  the  accident  proved  to  be  so,  as  he  lived  but  a  few  days. 

FIRST    MARRIAGE. 

The  first  wedding  in  this  township  took  place  in  the  Fall  of  1856.  The 
contracting  parties  were  John  Tyler,  nephew  of  Henry  Saltsman,  and  John 
Brewer's  daughter,  Sarah.  It  was  quite  an  event  in  the  history  of  Panola,  and 
was  all  the  town  talk  for  many  weeks  afterward.  In  one  point,  at  least,  it  was 
of  great  importance — it  was  the  first  wedding  between  La  Salle  and  Blooming- 
ton,  on  that  line  of  road. 

A    NOTABLE    PERSONAGE. 

Apropos  of  the  fact  that  the  railroad  system  has  had  so  much  to  do  in  the 
development  of  this  part  of  the  country,  Panola  Township  contains  a  resident 
who  was  one  of  the  three  ladies  who  rode  on  the  first  railroad  engine  ever  run 
in  the  world.  Mrs.  Martha  Wilkinson,  who  now  resides  with  Mr.  George 
Thorpe,  relates  that,  on  the  day  before  the  engine  was  attached  to  the  train  that 
drew  the  unfortunate  Lord  Huskingson  and  his  party  from  Manchester  to  Liv- 
erpool, she,  with  two  other  ladies,  made  the  trip  on  the  engine.  This  was  in 
1830.  The  following  day,  during  the  first  regular  trip,  or,  rather,  the  trial 
trip.  Lord  Huskingson  was  killed. 

Mrs.  Wilkinson,  though  now  76  years  of  age,  remembers  the  incident,  and 
relates  the  circumstance  with  much  precision. 

CHURCHES. 

The  preacher  and  the  school  teacher  are  the  pioneers  of  civilization.     In 
almost  every  new  country  or  town,  the  first  on  the  ground  is  one  or  both  of 
these.     Panola  was   not   an   exception.     As  early  as  1854,  religious  services 
were  held  here,  sometimes  in  the  station  house  and  sometimes  in  private  houses. 
No  regularly  organized  church  existed  here,  however,  until  1857. 

Like  a  number  of  other  public  institutions  of  Greene  Township,  the  Willow 
Tree  Baptist  Church,  which  had  been  organized  there  the  year  before,  was 
removed  to  the  village.  At  the  outset,  it  consisted  of  sixteen  members.  This 
number  has  gradually  increased  until  the  present.     Its  membership  at  this  time 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  405 

is  seventy-five.  In  connection  with  the  church  was  organized,  in  1858,  a  Sun- 
day school,  which,  since  its  first  session  to  the  present,  has  never  missed  a 
meeting.  The  society,  during  the  first  ten  years  of  its  existence,  was  without  a 
place  of  worship  that  could  be  called  its  own.  By  this  time,  it  had  increased 
very  materially  in  numbers  and  wealth,  and  it  was  thought  safe  to  undertake 
the  building  of  a  house.  So,  in  the  year  1866,  the  enterprise  was  begun  and 
completed.  The  building  is  a  neat,  substantial  and  comjnodious  frame,  thirty- 
two  by  fifty  feet,  and  has  a  seating  capacity  of  about  three  hundred.  It  cost 
the  society  ^3,000.     The  first  minister  of  the  society  was  Rev.  Mr.  Branch. 

His  successors,  in  order,  have  been  Frederick  Ketcham, Stimpson,  John 

D.  Cromwell,  William  Parker,  R.  C.  Palmer  and  G.  N.  Drury,  the  last  named 
having  been  in  charge  since  March,  1872. 

The  United  Brethren,  as  early  as  1862,  held  meetings,  and  organized  a 
class  in  the  central  part  of  the  township.  This,  with  two  other  classes,  was  in 
charge  of  Rev.  C.  P.  Hoy.  The  three  classes,  in  1868,  united  for  the  purpose 
of  organization ;  and,  Jn  the  same  year,  erected  a  small  parsonage  on  the 
southwest  corner  of  Section  11.  Services  were  held  regularly  in  the  school 
house,  until  1875,  when  they  concluded  to  build  their  present  house  of  wor- 
ship. The  building  is  a  plain,  but  substantial  and  commodious  one,  being  forty 
feet  in  width  and  sixty  in  length,  and  nicely  furnished  throughout.  It  cost  the 
Brethren  $1,920.  The  society  now  numbers  seventy-eight  members,  with 
Rev.  S.  W.  Dixon  as  Pastor. 

SCHOOLS. 

The  subject  of  education  was  one  of  the  very  first  to  receive  attention  from 
the  early  inhabitants  of  Panola,  and  steps  were  taken  to  put  in  operation  the 
means  for  ensuring  the  youth  of  the  village  and  township  instruction  in  the 
branches  usually  taught  in  the  common  schools. 

The  first  school  house  in  the  township  was  built  in  the  village  of  Panola, 
in  the  year  1857,  and  Jane  Nesmith  was  installed  as  teacher.  The  building 
cost  $600.00,  and  was  paid  for  by  subscription.  This  building,  with  an 
addition  in  1865,  has  been  in  use,  for  this  purpose,  ever  since.  During  the 
next  year,  two  other  school  houses  were  erected ;  and,  in  1859,  a  fourth  one 
was  built.  The  first  four  houses  were  built  by  the  township,  the  board  paying 
back  to  the  donors  their  subscriptions  to  Panola  house.  Other  districts  were 
laid  out  and  houses  built,  as  the  wants  of  the  increasing  population  demanded, 
until,  at  this  time,  the  township  contains  ten  school  buildings,  which  furnish 
educational  accommodations  for  over  400  pupils. 

The  school  land  was  sold,  in  parcels,  between  the  years  1861  and  1864. 
The  sales  aggregated  the  sum  of  $6,046.00,  which,  with  a  few  small  additions, 
constitutes  the  tOAvnship  school  fund. 

HIGHWAYS. 

Much  attention  has  been  given  to  the  improvement  of  roads  and  the  build- 
ing of  bridges.     The  township  is  laid  out  into  fifteen  road  districts,  and  at  every 


406  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

• 

annual  election  a  Road  Master  for  each  district  is  appointed.  Road  making  in 
this  part  of  the  county,  though  comparatively  a  small  matter,  is  never  com- 
plete, as  the  keeping  in  order  is  an  affair  that  requires  constant  attention  and 
labor — there  being  in  this  part  of  the  State  no  materials  for  making  a  sold  road. 
Nearly  one  hundred  miles  of  road  have  been  surveyed  and  graded,  and  the 
thoroughfares  are  in  as  good  a  condition  as  those  of  other  townships  in  the 
county. 

ORGANIZATIOX. 

At  a  previous  general  county  election,  on  the  petition  of  the  requisite 
number  of  voters,  the  question  of  '•  township  organization  '"  had  received  a 
maioritv  of  votes  in  the  countv :  a  commission  of  three  residents  of  the  county 
had  been  appointed  to  divide  it  into  precincts,  and  the  County  Board  had 
ordered  the  first  election  to  take  place  April  3.  I800.  The  Commissioners 
were  authorized  by  statute,  in  case  a  congressional  town  did  not  contain  a  suffi- 
cient  number  of  inhabitants  for  organization,  to  add  it  to  some  adjoining  town. 
This  was  the  case  with  both  Panola  and  Minonk.  At  the  time  of  the  adoption 
of  the  act  by  the  county,  there  were,  in  the  two  congressional  towns,  barely  a 
sufficient  number  of  qualified  persons  to  hold  the  offices.  In  the  whole  precinct 
of  seventy-two  square  miles  there  were  but  eleven  legal  voters  ;  and  at  the  first 
election,  which  was  held  April  3, 1855,  there  were  but  twelve  votes  cast,  though 
the  number  of  voters  had  really  increased  to  about  fifteen. 

The  first  election  of  the  precinct  was  held  at  the  passenger  house,  at  Panola 
Station.  The  following  persons  were  elected  to  the  various  offices  :  Robert  A. 
McClellan,  Supervisor ;  William  Tompkins,  Assessor :  Horace  G-.  Allen, 
Clerk  :  William  A.  Grosley,  Overseer  of  the  Poor  ;  Francis  I.  Barnard,  Joseph 
Hanna  and  Thomas  Patterson,  Highway  Commissioners  ;  William  H.  Brewer 
and  Charles  Dobson,  Constables ;  Samuel  G.  Lewis  and  Samuel  Work.  Magis- 
trates ;  James  Dve.  Overseer  of  Roads. 

Of  these,  Samuel  Work  and  Charles  Dobson  were  residents  of  the  Minonk 
portion  of  the  precinct.     The  others  lived  in  the  vicinity  of  Panola  Station. 

Of  the  twelve  officers  elected  at  this  election,  six  were  re-elected  the  next 
Spring.  The  two  townships  voted  together  but  twice — in  1855  and  1856. 
The  County  Board,  seeing  that  the  interests  of  the  two  townships  were  quite 
different,  and  that  the  population  in  each  had  so  increased  as  to  make  separate 
organizations  feasible,  ordered  separate  elections  to  take  place  in  the  Spring  of 
1857.  Thenceforth  Panola  and  Minonk  became  separate  organizations.  By 
this  time,  the  voting  population  of  Panola  alone  was  fifty-one.  and  that  number 
of  votes  was  cast.  In  1860.  the  number  of  voters  had  increased  to  one  hun- 
dred and  twenty,  and  that  number,  at  this  writing,  is  about  doubled,  the  high- 
est vote  cast  being  two  hundred  and  seventeen,  in  1876.  The  present  organi- 
zation consists  of  0.  P.  A.  Myers,  Supervisor ;  Louis  Raymann,  Clerk  ;  P.  S. 
Bnsset,  Assessor ;  John  Adams,  Collector ;  M.  H.  Ward,  George  Horner  and 
J.  B.  Swartz,  Highway  Commissioners ;  J.  B.   Swartz,  Thomas  Park  and  F. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  407 

T.  Wait,  School  Trustees ;  Adam  AVeinheimer  and  Nicholas  De  Aeries,  Magis- 
trates ;  George  Tool  and  Philip  Evans,  Constables. 

DESCRIPTION. 

Panola  Township  is  the  middle  of  the  eastern  tier,  and  is  bounded  on  the 
north  by  ]Minonk,  on  the  east  by  Livingston  County,  on  the  south  by  McLean 
County  and  El  Paso  Township,  and  on  the  west  by  Greene.  It  is  a  full  con- 
gressional tOAvn  of  thirty-six  sections,  and  is  known  by  the  survey  as  Town  27 
north.  Range  2  east  of  the  Third  Principal  Meridian.  The  surface  is  for  the 
most  part  quite  level,  being  barely  sufficiently  rolling  to  admit  of  good  drain- 
age. The  only  timber  is  a  small  grove  a  short  distance  north  of  the  village  of 
Panola,  on  one  of  the  branches  of  Panther  Creek.  The  Illinois  Central  Rail- 
road crosses  the  western  part,  cutting  off  about  six  sections.  The  productions 
are  corn,  rye,  oats  and  pork.  The  population  consists  chiefly  of  people  from 
the  Eastern  States  and  from  Germany. 

VILLAGE  OF  PANOLA. 

The  village,  having  been  the  starting  point  of  the  settlement  in  this  town- 
ship, necessarily  embraces,  in  a  great  measure,  the  history  of  the  township ;  and 
a  full  account  of  the  development  of  the  village  would  be  simply  a  repetition 
of  what  has  already  been  written.  However,  as  that  which  goes  furthest,  to 
make  up  an  appearance  for  a  town,  is  the  prospect  of  its  buildings,  the  first  ones 
are  here  given,  in  nearly  the  order  in  which  they  were  constructed.  The  first 
building  erected  within  the  limits  of  the  village  was  put  up  by  the  railroad 
company,  and  was  the  station  house — the  same  that  is  still  in  use.  This  was 
built  in  l<So4,  just  after  the  completion  of  the  road.  During  the  next  year,  the 
company  built  another  house,  for  the  accommodation  of  the  employes  of  the 
road.  As  soon  as  the  road  was  completed,  the  plat  of  the  town  was  made,  on 
land  belonging  to  the  company,  the  Illinois  Central  Railroad,  therefore,  being 
the  proprietor  of  the  village.  As  before  intimated,  the  first  building  in  the 
town,  aside  from  those  belonging  to  the  company,  was  the  store  building  brought 
from  Greene  Township  by  William  Grosley,  but  the  first  one  actually  erected 
here  Avas  put  up  by  F.  I.  Barnard,  in  the  Fall  of  1854,  and  completed  during 
the  next  Summer. 

During  the  Summer  and  Fall  of  1855,  houses  appeared  about  in  the  follow- 
ing order  :  Edward  Waldron's,  William  Grosley's,  Henry  Saltsman's.  The 
last  named  was  the  hotel,  the  same  that  has  ever  since  been  used  for  that  pur- 
pose. It  was  doubtless  expected  by  the  company  that  Panola  would  be  one  of 
the  principal  places  on  this  line  of  road.  Indeed  the  prospect  for  a  flourishing 
city,  for  the  first  few  years,  seemed  all  that  could  be  desired.  Panola  had  the 
start  of  all  the  stations  on  this  part  of  the  road.  It  began  with  a  large  trade, 
which  it  received  from  the  old  settled  country  around  the  groves  of  Panther 
Creek,  and  it  was  no  uncommon  thino;  to  see  a  hundred  wagons  loaded  with 
grain,  in  the  village,  in  one  day.     It  was  the  expectation  that  the  Toledo,  Peoria 


408  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

&  Warsaw  Company  would  run  a  line  of  railroad  through  this  place.  Indeed 
a  line  was  surveyed  through  the  town  ;  and,  had  the  road  been  built  thi'ough 
here,  instead  of  being  a  few  miles  further  south,  the  fortunes  of  the  Panola 
people  would  have  been  made.  However,  through  the  influence  of  other  parties, 
the  line  was  not  located  here,  and  the  town  of  Panola  stands  a  monument  of 
unrealized  expectations. 

The  village  improved  a  little  during  the  next  few  years,  and  for  a  time  con- 
tended with  El  Paso  for  supremacy,  but  the  advantage  gained  by  the  latter  in 
the  matter  of  freights  soon  absorbed  the  trade  in  corn  and  other  farm  products, 
and  left  Panola  with  only  a  local  trade. 

In  1867,  the  town  was  organized  as  an  independent  organization,  by  special 
charter  granted  by  the  State  Legislature.  The  charter,  defining  the  limits  of 
the  town  to  be  one  mile  square,  with  the  station  house  as  its  center,  was  granted 
February  28,  and  the  first  election  took  place  April  1,  1867.  The  ofiicers 
elected  were :  J.  C.  Myers,  J.  L.  Turner,  T.  L.  Myers,  Cyrus  Dix  and  I.  M. 
Arnold,  Board  of  Aldermen  ;  and  A.  J.  Gardner,  Police  Justice.  At  the  first 
meeting  of  the  Board,  Thomas  A.  Barrell  was  appointed  Clerk.  In  1868,  an 
election  was  held,  but  in  the  four  following  years  no  elections  took  place,  the 
old  oflBcers  holding  over.  On  the  10th  of  April,  1872,  the  General  Assembly 
of  the  State  of  Illinois  passed  a  general  act  for  the  incorporation  of  towns  and 
cities.  The  last  general  election,  under  the  special  charter,  was  held  April  20, 
1875.  The  next  day,  a  petition,  signed  by  thirty-four  of  the  legal  voters  of 
the  corporation,  was  presented  to  the  Board,  requesting  a  special  election  to  be 
called  for  the  purpose  of  voting  on  the  question  of  organizing  under  the  new 
law.  Accordingly,  such  election  took  place  May  10,  1875.  The  result  was  a 
unanimous  poll  in  favor  of  re-organization.  The  first  election  was  held  April 
18,  1876,  at  which  the  following  persons  were  elected  to  the  respective  offices : 
George  Saltsman,  Gustavus  Butler,  Joseph  Piper,  John  Adams,  George  Tool 
and  John  Schweizer,  Aldermen,  and  C.  S.  Adams,  Clerk.  The  same  persons, 
with  the  exception  of  Saltsman,  Piper  and  John  Adams,  hold  the  respective 
offices  at  present,  and  the  places  of  these  are  filled  by  Patrick  Malone,  John 
Enriixht  and  Jacob  Althouse. 

The  population  of  the  village  at  the  present  time  is  about  three  hundred,  of 
whom  about  sixty  are  voters. 

Though  the  merchants  and  other  business  men  of  the  place  labor  under 
some  disadvantages,  yet  the  amount  of  business  transacted  here  is  by  no  means 
inconsiderable.  As  indicating  what  is  done  here,  the  books  of  the  Station 
Ao-ent  show  an  average  of  about  nine  thousand  dollars  received  on  freight 
forwarded,  and  of  twelve  hundred  dollars  on  freight  and  express  matter 
received.  During  last  year,  two  firms  bought  over  two  hundred  and  fifty 
thousand  bushels  of  grain ;  and  0.  P.  A.  Myers  shipped  about  twentj'-five 
hundred  hogs  and  a  considerable  number  of  cattle.  There  is  also  shipped  from 
here  (juite  a  large  amount  of  poultry,  butter  and  eggs. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  409 


EL  PASO  TOWNSHIP. 


El  Paso  is  known  as  Township  26  north,  Ranges  1  and  2,  west  of  the  Third 
Principal  Meridian.  It  is  but  two-thirds  the  size  of  the  full  congressional 
township,  lacking  two  tiers  of  sections  of  being  complete  in  territorial  limits. 
The  land  embraced  in  El  Paso  Township  is  nearly  all  prairie,  and  of  a  very 
superior  quality  of  fanning  lands.  There  is  very  little  timber,  and  it  is  in  the 
■extreme  southern  part  of  the  town,  -where  the  Mackinaw  just  touches  its  ter- 
ritory, and  along  Wolf  Creek,  perhaps,  which  has  its  source  in  this  section, 
and  flows  south,  into  the  Mackinaw  River.  The  Illinois  Central  and  the 
Toledo,  Peoria  &  Warsaw  Railroads  cross  at  right  angles  in  the  northern  part 
of  the  township,  at  the  city  of  El  Paso,  and  are  of  incalculable  value  to  the 
farmers  and  stock-raisers,  in  moving  the  vast  amount  of  stock  and  grain  pro- 
duced in  this  flourishing  region.     The  taxable  property,  in  1877,  was  $597,909. 

This  portion  of  Woodford  County  is  comparatively  of  recent  settlement. 
In  the  western  part  of  the  county,  along  the  Illinois  River ;  in  the  grand  old 
forests  of  Walnut  Grove,  on  Panther  Creek,  around  Metamora,  settlements 
were  made  many  years  before  these  broad  prairies  had  other  inhabitants  than 
the  Avild  beasts.  The  first  settlement,  in  this  section,  was  made  in  the  southern 
part  of  the  town,  near  the  village  of  Kappa.  It  is  supposed  that  William, 
John  and  David  Hibbs  were  among  the  first  to  settle  here.  They  came  from 
Ohio,  in  1835,  and  settled  in  the  southern  part  of  El  Paso  Township.  William 
lived  in  a  hut,  near  where  the  village  of  Kappa  now  stands.  After  some  years, 
John  and  David  removed  into  Kansas  Township,  where  John  died  within  the  last 
year.     William,  at  the  last  account  of  him,  lived  down  on  the  Mackinaw  River. 

John  Messer,  another  old  settler,  and  also  a  Buckeye,  came  here,  in  1836-7, 
and  settled  about  three  miles  northeast  of  Kappa,  where  he  has  ever  since  lived. 
Mr.  Messer  is  probably  the  oldest  settler  now  living  in  El  Paso  ToAvnship,  and 
is  an  enterprising  farmer  and  respected  citizen.  When  he  made  his  settlement, 
the  broad  prairies  around  him'  were  barren  wastes,  and  settlers'  cabins  nearly  as 
scarce  as  "hen's  teeth."' 

Thomas  Dixon,  another  Ohioan — and  it  seems  that  El  Paso  Township  was 
mostly  settled  by  Buckeyes — came  to  Illinois  and  settled,  first,  down  in  the 
Mackinaw  timber,  about  1833,  where  he  remained  some  two  or  three  years. 
He  built  a  little  mill  there,  which  Avas  called,  in  those  days,  corn  crackers  by 
the  early  settlers,  and  Avhich  was  operated  by  the  waters  of  Mackinaw  River. 
His  mill  was  a  valuable  institution  among  the  few  settlers  then  scattered  through 
the  neighborhood;  but  it  is  quite  likely  that  it  was  not  very  remunerative  to 
him,  owing  to  the  sparsely  settled  community.  He  finally  sold  it,  and  removed 
up  in  the  neighborhood  of  Kappa  village. 

John  Tucker,  born  in  Mead  County,  Kentucky,  came  to  Illinois,  in  1834. 
He  stopped  in  Pekin,  where  he  remained  but  a  short  time,  when  he  settled  in 


410  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY, 

Washington.  He  lived  in  Washington  until  1852.  In  1849,  he  went  to  Cal- 
ifornia, at  the  breaking  out  of  the  gold  fever,  and  was  gone  about  two  years, 
then  returned  to  Washington,  and  in  1852,  settled  near  Kappa,  in  El  Paso 
Township.  In  1858,  he  went  to  Colorado,  where  he  followed  mining  for  one 
year,  but  then  returned  to  his  farm,  in  this  township,  where  he  still  lives.  He 
seems  to  have  been  rather  a  restless  man,  and  not  satisfied  long  in  one  place. 

When  these  first  settlements  were  made,  this  section  was  a  wild  waste,  filled 
with  deer,  prairie  wolves  and  all  the  smaller  "varmints"  common  to  this  coun- 
try. Even  down  to  1856-T,  Maj.  AVathen  informed  us  that  -wolves  were  thick 
on  the  prairies  of  El  Paso  Township,  and  would  gather  sometimes  in  great 
gangs  and  treat  the  scattered  settlers  to  a  vocal  concert  of  "  sweet  discords." 
But  they  have  entirely  disappeared,  taking,  perhaps,  the  advice  of  the  old 
philosopher,  to  "go  west  and  grow  up  with  the  country."     At  all  events,  they 


are  gone. 


THE  RAILROADS. 


El  Paso  Township  has  the  benefit  of  two  trunk-line  railroads — the  Illinois 
Central  and  the  Toledo,  Peoria  &  Warsaw — which  cross  each  other  at  right 
angles  in  the  north  part.  The  Illinois  Central  is  probably  the  longest  railroad, 
controlled  by  a  single  company,  in  the  world.  It  was  built  through  this  town- 
ship in  1852,  and  the  Toledo,  Peoria  &  Warsaw  completed  to  the  city  of  El 
Paso  in  1856.  Before  these  roads  were  built  through  this  section,  the  land,  we 
have  been  told,  was  not  worth  50  cents  an  acre.  But  the  opening  of  these 
roads  gave  a  fresh  impetus  to  everything,  the  value  of  land  soon  doubled,  the  tida 
of  emigration  rolled  this  Avay,  and  soon,  not  an  acre  of  the  prairies  of  El  Paso 
remained  vacant.  Mr.  J.  D.  Gardner,  now  living  in  El  Paso  City,  informed  us 
that  he  passed  here  in  1832,  and  one  could  travel  hundreds  of  miles  over  the 
prairies  without  seeing  a  hut  or  cabin.  He  was  a  Ranger  in  the  Blackhawk 
War,  and  passed  through  during  the  troubles  incident  to  that  Indian  difficulty. 
Pontiac,  he  says,  contained  but  one  hut,  occupied  by  a  French  half-breed,  and 
the  present  site  of  the  city  was  then  an  Indian  burying  ground. 

FIRST  STORE,  POST  OFFICE,  SCHOOL,  ETC. 

The  first  post  office  in  El  Paso  Township  was  kept  by  Caleb  Horn,  at  his 
own  house,  some  two  or  three  miles  from  the  village  of  Kappa.  The  mail  was 
carried  on  horseback  from  Bloomington  to  Ottawa  twice  a  week.  The  first 
store  in  the  township  was  opened  in  Kappa  by  a  man  who  came  from  Canada, 
about  the  time  the  Illinois  Central  Railroad  was  built  through  the  town.  The 
first  mill  was  built  by  Ives,  at  the  city  of  El  Paso,  and  mentioned  in  that  part 
of  this  history. 

The  first  school  house  in  the  township  was  built  in  the  village  of  Kappa,  or 
where  that  village  now  stands.  Matilda  Hassen,  it  is  supposed,  taught  the  first 
school,  though  at  what  precise  date  we  could  not  learn.  The  early  school  rec- 
ords are  not  attainable,  and  are  supposed  to  have  been  destroyed  or  thrown 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  411 

aside  as  worthless.  From  the  hist  report  of  P.  H.  Tompkins,  the  School 
Treasurer  of  the  to'vvnship,  to  Prof.  Lamb,  Superintendent  of  Schools,  we  make 
the  following  extracts  : 

No.  males  attending  schools l27G 

"   females        '  " 2G8 

Total 544 

No.  School  Districts  in  township 6 

"    public  schools  sustained  in  township 6 

"    male  teachers  employed 3 

'•    female     "              "           14 

"    graded  schools  in  township 2 

"    ungraded    "       "         •'         4 

"    frame  school  houses  in  township 5 

"    brick      •'            "        "         "         1 

No.  School  Libraries 2 

Estimated  value  of  school  property $31,000.00 

School  fund  of  township 3,259  00 

Tax  levy  for  support  of  schools 9,175.00 

Highest  monthly  wages  paid  teachers 90.00 

Lowest         "             "         "          "        25.00 

Average       "             "         "           "        39  92 

As  a  school  township  this  is  fractional,  and  is  filled  up  from  McLean  County. 
The  Woodford  part  of  it  is  supplied  with  school  facilities  second  to  no  township 
in  the  eountv. 

The  first  sermon  preached  in  this  township  was  probably  by  Rev.  Mr. 
Gregg,  who  lived  at  Hudson,  in  McLean  County,  and  was  preached  in  the  depot 
building  of  the  Illinois  Central  Railroad  at  Kappa.  The  township  has  no 
churches  but  what  are  located  in  the  city  of  El  Paso  and  the  village  of  Kappa, 
where  they  are  more  fully  noticed. 

WAR  AND  POLITICAL  RECORD. 

El  Paso  Township  is  largely  Democratic,  as  are  nearly  all  the  other  town- 
ships of  the  county.  It  likewise  contains  a  great  many  solid  old  Republicans, 
who  still  stand  by  the  political  faith  of  their  martyred  President  and  vote  the 
Republican  ticket ;  but  in  all  elections  Avhere  national  issues  are  involved  and 
strict  party  lines  drawn,  considerable  majorities  are  piled  up  for  the  Democrats. 
During  the  late  war,  it,  for  a  fractional  township,  sent  a  large  number  of  brave 
soldiers  to  the  front  of  the  fight.  Just  how  many  did  serve  in  the  army  from 
El  Paso  we  could  not  learn,  nor  do  we  know  if  there  were  any  distinguished 
oflBcers  from  the  township.  We  believe  Drs.  Stockwell  and  Cole  were  surgeons 
and  Dr.  Lamme  connected  with  the  hospital  department^  With  a  tribute  of 
respect  to  the  bravery  of  those  who  periled  their  lives  to  restore  the  Union, 
and  a  tear  to  the  memory  of  those  who  died  in  the  cause,  we  pass  from  the 
subject. 


412  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

The  name  of  El  Paso  was  given  to  the  township  by  Maj.  Wathen  and  for 

El  Paso,  Texas.     The  present  Supervisor  of  the  township  is  John  Tyler,  who 

represents  the  township  alone,  while  the  city  of  El  Paso  has  a  Supervisor  of 

its  own. 

CITY  OF  EL  PASO. 

El  Paso,  claimed  to  be  the  largest  city  in  "Woodford  County,  is  situated  in 
the  northern  part  of  the  township  bearing  the  same  name,  and  at  the  crossing 
of  the  Toledo,   Peoria  &  "Warsaw  and   the  Illinois   Central  Railroads.     It  is 
about  125  miles  southwest  of  Chicago,  36  miles   east  of  Peoria,  and  18  miles 
north  of  Bloomington.     With  a  great  railroad  leading  out  to  the  four  points  of 
the  compass,  El  Paso  is  not  troubled  as  to  her  modes  of  egress  and  ingress,  and 
the  amount  of  grain  and  stock  she  ships  annually  over  these  roads  is  enormous. 
The  city  pays  little  or  no  attention  to  the  wholesale  trade,  neither  is  it  much  of 
a  manufacturing  town,  though  there  are  a  few  establishments,  of  this  character, 
deserving  of  special  mention,  which  will  be  made  on  another  page.     The  retail 
trade,  however,  is  well  represented  in  every  department,  and   the  amount  of 
business   transacted  is  increasing  each   year,  as  the  wealth  and  importance  of 
the  surrounding  country  demand  it.     The  Illinois  Central  Railroad  divides  the 
city  into  two  wards,  the  First  being  on  the  east,  and,  the  Second  on  the  west 
side  of  the  road.     The  citv  is  beautifully  shaded  with  trees,  mostly  soft  maiile. 
and  contains  a  number  of  elegant   churches   and  handsome  residences.     The 
population  is  variously  estimated  at  from  2.500  to  3.00U  inhabitants,  justly 
noted  for  their  energy,  enterprise  and  intelligence. 

SETTLEMENT. 

Among  the  early  settlers  of  the  city  of  El  Paso  we  may  note  William  M. 
•Jenkins,  with  two  brothers,  Isaac  and  Robert ;  James  H.  Wathen.  George  L. 
Gibson,  "William  R.  Willis,  C.  Schafer,  George  H.  Campbell.  William  H. 
McClelan.  Rev.  William  T.  Adams,  Thomas  McClelan  and  Dr.  S.  0.  Kerr. 
There  were,  perhaps,  others  identified  with  its  early  settlement,  whose  names 
we  have  failed  to  obtain.  The  first  house  built  within  the  space  now  embraced 
in  the  corporate  limits  of  the  city  of  El  Paso  was  erected  by  Thomas  McClelan. 
in  the  Fall  of  1856 ;  is  still  standing,  and  in  a  fair  state  of  preservation.  It 
is,  at  present,  owned  and  occupied  by  Mrs-  Bain.  The  McClelans  came  from 
the  Old  Bay  State,  and  were  among  the  first  to  settle  in  this  immediate  vicinity, 
where,  as  already  stated.  Thomas  built  the  first  house  in  El  Paso.  Upon  their 
arrival  from  Massachusetts,  in  1838,  they  settled  in  Northern  Illinois,  where 
they  remained  until  their  removal  to  this  section,  in  1854.  William  H. 
McClelan  settled  in  the  township  of  El  Paso,  and  after  farming  for  several 
years,  removed  to  the  city,  and  embarked  in  the  grain  business. 

The  Jenkinses  are  from  Pennsvlvania.  and  came  to  Illinois  in  1837. 
There  were  three  brothers,  Isaac.  Robert  and  William  M.  Jenkins,  and  they 
settled  in  Pekin,  when  they  first  came  west,  where  they  remained  until  1856, 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  413 

then  removed  to  El  Paso  Township.  William  M.  Jenkins  built  the  first  busi- 
ness house  in  the  city  of  El  Paso,  in  185(3.  There  were,  then,  but  two  houses 
in  the  place,*  and  Jenkins  had  to  Avait  for  the  completion  and  occupancy  of  one 
of  them  before  building,  in  order  to  have  some  place  for  his  workmen  to  board. 
In  the  meantime,  he  had  the  timbers  of  his  building  framed  in  Peoria,  and 
shipped  to  El  Paso  over  the  Toledo,  Peoria  &  Warsaw  Road,  on  its  completion 
to  this  place,  which  was  the  first  bill  of  freight  to  pass  over  the  line.  For  four 
years,  Mr.  Jenkins  and  his  brother  Isaac  sold  all  the  goodst  and  bought  all  the 
grain  handled  here  during  that  period.  They  were  the  first  grain  buyers  in 
this  section,  and  wheat  was  then  the  main  staple.  Mr.  Jenkins  states  that 
when  he  first  came  to  El  Paso,  he  could  drive  over  the  prairie  toward  Pontiac, 
and  for  a  distance  of  twenty-six  miles,  not  a  residence,  hut  or  cabin  was  to 
be  seen.     Now  this  space  is  flourishing  and  productive  farms. 

George  L.  Gibson  came  from  Pennsylvania,  and  was  born  in  Fayette  County. 
His  father's  family  settled  in  Tazewell  County  in  1831,  where  George  remained 
until  the  age  of  twenty-five  years,  when  he  commenced  the  business  of  flat- 
boating  and  trading  on  the  Lower  Mississippi.  He  went  to  California  in  1849, 
when  the  gold  fever  broke  out,  making  the  trip  overland,  and  remained  there 
until  1851,  then  returned  to  Illinois.  In  the  Fall  of  that  year,  he  entered  160 
acres  of  land,  embraced  in  the  First  Ward  of  the  city  of  El  Paso,  and  in  1857, 
removed  with  his  family  to  the  destined  city. 

C.  Schafer,  one  of  the  solid  business  men  of  El  Paso,  first  settled  in  the 
village  of  Kaq^pa,  in  the  southern  part  of  El  Paso  Township,  when  that  was  one 
of  the  principal  business  points  on  the  Illinois  Central  Railroad  between  Bloom- 
ington  and  La  Salle.  In  1860,  when  the  rapid  growth  of  El  Paso  had  some- 
what obscured  the  glory  of  Kappa,  he  sold  out  at  the  latter  place  and  removed 
to  the  thriving  young  city.  Not  a  business  man  at  the  date  of  his  coming,  he 
says,  is  in  business  here  now,  but  an  entirely  new  set  have  taken  the  places  of 
those  who  commenced  with  him. 

Wm.  R.  Willis  came  from  Hopkins  County,  Ky.,  and  settled  in  Cruger 
Township  in  1834.  His  history  would  properly  belong  to  that  township,  per- 
haps, but  he  has  so  long  been  identified  with  this  place,  we  deem  it  best  to  give 
it  in  this  connection.  He  was  connected,  in  some  official  capacity,  with  the 
Illinois  Central  Railroad,  wdiile  it  was  building  through  this  county.  He  kept 
the  first  hotel  in  El  Paso  in  1856,  continuing  in  that  business  for  seven  years. 
He  is  at  present  a  Justice  of  the  Peace,  Notary  Public,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  as  a  lawyer  in  1870. 

Geo.  H.  Campbell  came  from  New  York  in  1858  and  stopped  first  in  Chi- 
cago, but  shortly  after  went  to  Mendota,  where  he  entered  the  employ  of  the 
Illinois  Central  Railroad.  He  built  the  Campbell  House,  the  finest  hotel  in  the 
county,  by  odds,  in  1862-3,  commencing  it  in  the  Fall  of  1862  and  finishing  it 
the  next  Spring.     Before  the  building  of  this  hotel,  in  Avhich  the  ticket  offices 

*  That  built  liy  McClelan  was  one  of  those  alluded  to. 
t  Their  firm  was  I.  &  W.  M.  Jenkins. 


414  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

of  both  roads  are  kept,  all  trains  stopped  down  at  the  old  station  house  of  the 
Illinois  Central,  the  T.,  P.  &  W.  trains  running  down  on  the  Y  and  then  back- 
ing up  on  to  their  road  again.  When  Mr.  Campbell  decided  to  build,  he  sent 
men  out  into  Indiana  to  get  out  the  needed  timbers,  which  were  shipped  to  El 
Paso  over  the  T.,  P.  &  W.  Railroad.  It  was  not  believed  to  be  possible,  in  those 
days,  to  build  a  substantial  house,  except  with  the  heaviest  and  most  solid  tim- 
bers, and  Mr.  Campbell  informed  us  that  the  sills  and  plates  in  his  hotel  wcfe 
sufficiently  strong  for  a  pretty  good  railroad  bridge.  He  built  it  at  a  cost  of 
^10,000,  without  furniture,  and  has  given  it  all  the  modern  improvements. 

James  H.  Wathen  is  from  Bardstown,  Kv.,  and  came  to  Illinois  in  1835. 
He  stopped  in  Washington,  Tazewell  County,  where  he  remained  until  the 
Spring  of  1857,  when  he  came  to  El  Paso,  where  he  has  since  resided.  He 
owned  160  acres  of  land  Avest  of  the  Illinois  Central  Railroad,  on  which  the 
Second  ward  of  the  city  has  been  built,  and  is  one  of  the  wealthiest  citizens. 

THE    OLD    POLISH    COUXT. 

Count  Clopiski,  a  Polish  Exile,  and  quite  a  distinguished  character,  was  for 
many  years  a  resident  of  El  Paso.  He  came  to  the  United  States  in  1836, 
stopped  in  Peoria,  and  remained  in  that  city  until  1856,  when  he  came  to  this 
place,  where  he  spent  the  remainder  of  his  days.  He  kept  a  kind  of  restaurant 
or  hotel,  which  was  well  patronized  and  much  frequented  by  the  best  citizens. 
Says  Dr.  Lamme,  in  an  address  prepared  for  the  celebration  of  the  Centennial 
4th  of  July,  in  El  Paso,  of  the  distinguished  old  foreigner:  "  The  early  history 
of  El  Paso  would  not  be  complete  without  the  mention  of  Count  Clopiski,  a 
Polish  exile,  who  kept  a  hotel  near  the  old  station  house.  ^Nlany  of  the  early 
settlers  of  El  Paso,  no  doubt,  remember  his  state  dinners,  to  which  he  was  wont 
to  invite  his  friends."  He  died  in  1867,  far  from  his  native  place  and  in  a 
land  of  strangers ;  but  new-made  friends  administered  to  his  last  wants,  and 
kind  hands  closed  his  eyes  when  death  had  set  him  free.  Wm.  ^NI.  Jenkins  had 
him  decently  buried  in  his  own  cemetery  lot,  where  the  noble  old  Count  sleeps 
his  last,  long,  unbroken  sleep. 

CITY   ORGANIZATION. 

The  city  of  El  Paso  was  laid  out  in  1854,  by  George  L.  Gibson  and  James 
H.  Wathen,  who  owned  the  land.  It  Avas  surveyed  by  the  County  Surveyor, 
and  the  original  town  contained  eight}^  acres  on  each  side  of  the  Illinois  Central 
Railroad.  Several  additions  have  been  made  to  it  since  it  was  first  laid  out, 
until  a  section  or  more  is  embraced  within  its  corporate  limits.  It  is  divided 
into  four  parts  by  the  railroads,  which  cross  at  right  angles,  and  into  two  wards 
by  the  Illinois  Central. 

Just  when  El  Paso  was  incorporated  as  a  village  we  were  unable  to  tind  out 
definitely.  According  to  a  special  act  of  the  Legislature,  approved  February 
27,  1867,  it  became  an  incorporated  city.  The  first  Mayor  was  J.  H.  Moore, 
the  present  Postmaster,  and  the  first  City  Clerk,  John  T.  Harper,  with  the  fol- 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  415 

lowing  Board  of  Aldermen  :  William  Neifing,  D.  B.  Webster,  M.  T.  Polhe- 
mus,  Geo.  W.  Fridley  and  W.  T.  Adams.  The  following  gentlemen  have  been 
Mayors  since  the  city  organization  :  Geo.  L.  Gibson,  James  H.  Wathen,  D.  C. 
Smith,  W.  R.  Bigham  and  C.  P.  Shur,  exclusive  of  the  first  and  last  incum- 
bents. P.  C.  Ransom  is  at  present  Mayor,  and  the  Board  are  Robert  Robin- 
son, Geo.  M.  Young,  Jas.  P.  Ferrell  and  John  R.  Sweet.  P.  A.  Simmons  is 
City  Clerk;  Walter  S.  Gibson,  City  Attorney;  D.  K.  Tobias,  City  Super- 
visor ;  James  Thompson,  Treasurer ;  0.  B.  Webster,  City  Marshal.  A  Re- 
corder's Court  was  established  in  March,  1869,  under  an  act  of  the  Legislature, 
but  has  recently  been  abolished. 

THE    FIRST    POST   OFFICE. 

In  1857,  the  first  post  office  was  established  in  El  Paso,  with  Wm.  M. 
Jenkins  Postmaster,  and  was  a  small  aflfair  for  some  time  after  it  commenced 
operation.  Mr.  Jenkins  was  commissioned  a  Postmaster  by  James  Buchanan, 
soon  after  his  inauguration  as  President.  He  held  the  office  for  four  years, 
and  was  succeeded  by  a  Mr.  Buckley,  Avho  held  the  office  but  a  few  months, 
and  then  resigned.  Mrs.  Robinson  was  next  appointed  to  the  office,  and  in 
turn  was  succeeded  by  Mrs.  Willis,  who,  after  a  while,  resigned.  Her  father, 
J.  H.  Moore,  the  present  incumbent,  was  appointed  during  the  Presidential 
term  of  Andrew  Johnson,  and  has  held  the  office  ever  since.  Mr.  Jenkins 
relates  that,  for  several  months  after  he  received  the  post  office,  he  carried  the 
whole  establishment  in  his  hat,  as  a  matter  of  convenience,  and  when  he  met  a 
person  for  whom  he  had  a  letter,  would  take  off  his  hat,  sort  over  his  letters, 
and  hand  out  the  coveted  epistle.  This  is  the  first  account  Ave  have  of  the 
penny  post  system  in  Illinois.  Mr.  Jenkins  occupies  his  same  old  store  house, 
the  first  one  built  in  the  city,  though  he  has  made  several  changes  since  he 
commenced  business  in  it,  twenty  odd  years  ago.  For  several  years,  he  occu- 
pied a  farm  some  distance  from  town,  lost  considerable  money  during  the  war, 
made  a  trip  to  Colorado  and  the  Rocky  Mountains,  and,  after  "  swinging 
'round  the  circle,"  returned  to  his  original  quarters  and  resumed  his  old  busi- 
ness of  grain  buying.  The  present  firm  is  Jenkins  &  Evans,  and  they  handle 
annually  about  one  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  bushels  of  grain,  principally 
corn  and  oats,  with  occasionally  a  car  load  of  rye.  Mr.  Jenkins  built  a  grain 
elevator  in  1871,  at  a  cost  of  about  fifteen  hundred  dollars,  Avith  a  capacity  of 
12,000  bushels. 

McClelan  &  Seery*  built  an  elevator  here  in  1874,  Avhich  cost  them  $3,400, 
and  has  a  capacity  of  about  twenty  thousand  bushels.  They  deal  extensively 
in  grain,  handling  annually  over  three  hundred  thousand  bushels,  the  larger 
portion  of  Avhich  is  shipped  East,  though,  in  1877,  they  shipped  about  one 
hundred  thousand  bushels  South,  the  first  grain  of  any  consequence  shipped  to 
Southern  markets  from  this  section  for  a  number  of  years. 

*  Geo.  W.  Rouse  was  a  partner  at  that  time,  but  was  afterward  bought  out  bj'  Seery. 


416  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

The  first  grain  elevator  was  built  by  Geo.  W.  Fridley,  in  1860,  which  cost 
about  six  thousand  dollars,  with  a  capacity  of  20,000  bushels.  It  is  at  present 
OAvned  by  Wra.  Shur,  a  banker  of  this  city.  Graft  &  Webster  also  built  an 
elevator  soon  after  Fridley 's,  which  was  burned  in  1863,  when  they  built  a 
larger  one  upon  the  same  site,  at  a  cost  of  aljout  seven  thousand  dollars,  with 
storage  room  for  25,000  bushels  of  grain.  Thev  built  a  laru;e  planing-mill,  in 
1865,  which  Avas  operated  successfully  until  1875,  when  it  and  their  elevator 
were  both  burned.     Neither  has  since  been  rebuilt. 

THE    MILLS. 

The  first  mill  built  in  El  Paso  Avas  by  H.  &  E.  Ives,  a  few  years  after  the 
town  Avas  laid  out.  It  Avas  a  tAA-o-story  frame,  and  did  a  good  business  until 
1869,  Avhen  it  was  burned.  The  firm  then  built  the  present  large  mill  on  the 
West  Side,  at  a  cost  of  §30,000,  and  Avhich  proved  to  them  a  white  elephant. 
They  became  involved,  and  the  "mill  was  sold,  Avhich,  after  passing  through 
several  hands,  an  unfortunate  investment  to  all  Avho  touched  it,  the  machinery 
Avas  finally  taken  out  and  removed  to  Iowa,  Avliere  there  Avas  a  more  remunera- 
tive field  for  a  mill  of  its  capacity.  The  building  still  stands,  an  empty  shell, 
a  monument  of  the  unfortunate  enterprise.  ' 

Geo.  L.  Gibson  built  a  magnificent  mill  on  the  East  Side,  in  1868,  at  a 
•  cost  of  $33,000,  AA'hich,  like  that  on  the  West  Side,  proved  another  losing  in- 
vestment. In  the  early  settlement  of  this  section,  it  was  supposed  to  be  a  fine 
wheat  country,  but  the  experience  of  late  years  seems  to  have  reversed  the  order 
of  things,  and  the  crop  is  decided  to  be  a  failure,  and  its  cultivation,  except  for 
family  uses,  is  almost,  if  not  entirely,  discarded.  Hence,  the  losses  sustained  in 
these  costly  mills.  Had  the  extensive  groAving  of  Avheat  continued,  no  doubt 
they  would  have  paid  Avell  on  the  investment.  This  splendid  mill  Avas  sold, 
finally,  for  the  small  sum  of  $5,000,  and  is  in  the  hands  of  Wilson  &  Torres 
of  St.  Louis,  agents  of  parties  in  the  East,  Avho  design  moving  it  West,  perhaps 
to  Kansas,  where  there  is  plenty  of  Avork  for  a  mill  of  its  caliber,  which  is  four 
runs  of  buhrs  and  complete  in  all  its  appointments. 

The  lumber  business  of  El  Paso  is  an  extensive  branch  of  trade.  McKin- 
ney  &  Co.,  handle  yearly  about  1,000,000  feet  of  lumber,  and  half  as  many 
feet  of  shingles,  Avith  a  considerable  quantity  of  laths  and  lime.  Cassell  & 
Harper  have  recently  begun  business  in  this  line,  and  are  Avorking  up  a  trade. 

As  already  stated,  the  Jenkinses  kept  the  first  store  in  El  Paso.  S.  T. 
Rogers  opened  the  first  drug  store  in  1859,  and  Dr.  S.  0.  Kerr  was  the  first 
regular  physician,  and  still  practices  his  profession  in  the  city  and  vicinity, 

MANUFACTURES. 

J.  P.  &  C.  E.  Piatt,  carriage  manufacturers,  turn  out  betAveen  sixty  and 
seventy  carriages  and  buggies  annually.  They  work  half  a  dozen  hands  through 
the  Winter,  and  generally  eight  or  ten  during  the  Summer. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  417 

Christ  &  Brown  manufacture  wagons,  carriages,  etc.,  and,  like  the  last  men- 
tioned firm,  are  doing  a  good  and  constantly  increasing  business. 

The  soda  water  establishment  of  Hay  ward  &  Stoddard  is  quite  an  enterprise 
in  its  way.  During  the  Summer  months,  they  average  about  300  boxes  of  the 
cooling  beverage  per  week.  They  have  at  present  a  branch  at  Fairbury,  which 
does  about  two-thirds  as  much  business  as  the  factory  here. 

The  El  Paso  Brewery  is  a  flourishing  institution  of  the  kind,  and  manufac- 
tures large  quantities  of  the  drink  that  does  not  intoxicate. 

One  of  the  most  popular  inventions  of  the  times  has  the  honor  of  being  made 
by  an  El  Paso  man — Harper's  fly  trap.  The  sales  of  this  trap  have  reached  the 
enormous  number  of  100,000  yearly,  and  it  has  been  shipped  to  every  State  in 
the  Union,  the  West  Indies,  South  America  and  Europe. 

CHURCH  OUGANIZATIONS. 

If  the  people  of  El  Paso  are  not  extremely  religious,  it  must  be  their  own 
fault,  for  they  are  well  supplied  with  houses  of  worship.  The  first  church 
formed  seems  to  have  been  by  the  Presbyterians,  who  organized  a  society  on  the 
11th  of  May,  1857,  under  the  Rev.  \\m.  T.  Adams,  and  who  was  installed  as 
the  first  regular  Pastor  in  the  Spring  of  1864.  That  year  the  church  was 
built  at  a  cost  of  $3,200  without  furnishing.  It  was  dedicated  in  December, 
1864,  by  Rev.  W.  W.  Harsha,  D.  D.,  then  of  Chicago.  The  edifice  is  a  mod- 
ern frame,  36x60  feet,  was  free  of  debt  when  dedicated,  and,  unlike  the  majority 
of  churches  of  the  present  day,  has  ever  remained  so.  Rev.  Mr.  Adams  re- 
mained Pastor  until  1867,  when  fixiling  health  compelled  him  to  resign  the 
charge,  since  which  time  they  have  had  no  regular  Pastor,  until  the  engagement 
of  Rev.  Geo.  B.  Black,  recently.  The  present  Board  of  Elders  is  as  follows : 
A.  S.  McKinney,  Dr.  D.  W.  Lamme,  Philip  H.  Tompkins,  Samuel  Sturgeon 
and  M.  T.  Polhemus. 

The  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  was  organized  about  1857,  with  Rev. 
Rumsey  Smithson  as  Pastor,  and  Rev.  Z.  Hall  as  Presiding  Elder.  Later, 
Rev.  Mr.  Smithson  was  dismissed  from  this  branch  of  the  church  for  political 
reasons — it  is  said,  for  sympathy  with  the  South,  during  the  late  war — when  he 
united  with  that  division,  known  as  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  South. 
The  present  church  edifice  was  built  in  1864 — is  a  frame  building,  and  cost 
$7,000.  The  Pastor  is  Rev.  J.  S.  Millsap,  and  the  society  numbers  300 
members. 

The  Baptist  society  was  organized  in  January,  1858  with  thirteen  members, 
under  the  pastoral  administration  of  Rev.  William  Branch.  The  church  was 
built  in  1864;  is  a  frame  edifice,  36x66  feet,  with  a  recess  of  nine  feet  addi- 
tional. It  was  dedicated  by  Rev.  S.  S.  Strinson,  in  December,  1864,  then 
Pastor.  The  present  membership  is  seventy-five,  and  Rev.  S.  B.  Gilbert  was  the 
last  Pastor  of  the  congregation ;  no  settled  preacher  is  in  charge  at  the  present 
time.     The  Deacons  are  David  Evans,  William  Haynes  and  L.  B.  McOmber.     The- 


418  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

Trustees  are  David  Evans,  D.  A.  Dix,  D.  C.  Stoddard,  diaries  Clute,  William  R. 
North  and  B.  S.  Roper.     S.  K.  Hayward  is  Treasurer  and  D.  C.  Stoddard,  Clerk. 

St  Mary's  Roman  Catholic  Society  was  organized,  in  1863,  by  Very  Rev- 
erend Father  Terry,  of  Ottawa,  who,  with  Father  Toner,  as  assistant,  adminis- 
tered spiritual  consolation  to  the  society  for  one  year.  In  November,  1864, 
Rev.  Francis  A.  Keenan  became  the  first  resident  Pastor,  remaining  in  charge 
for  nine  years.  Father  Keenan  roughed  it  for  several  years,  there  being  no 
regular  pai'sonage.  The  church  was  commenced  in  the  early  part  of  his  admin- 
istration, and  the  original  edifice  finished  sometime  in  1865.  The  wings  were 
added  to  the  building,  in  1872,  and  recently  the  entire  structure  has  been  newly 
painted  and  frescoed,  which,  added  to  the  original  expenditures,  makes  the 
church  cost,  in  round  numbers,  about  ^4,500.  Its  seating  capacity  is  about 
500 ;  the  present  membership  is  140  families,  with,  perhaps,  about  500  mem- 
bers, all  told.  The  church  has  a  statue  of  the  Virgin  Mary,  which  cost  §80 ; 
and  one  of  St.  Joseph,  §70,  at  Munich,  Bavaria.  The  Father  Matthew  Society 
is  a  temperance  organization,  under  the  charge  of  the  church ;  also  an  Orphans' 
Society  is  in  its  charge,  and  a  large  and  flourishing  Sunday  school.  Rev. 
Thomas  S.  Keating  is  the  present  Pastor,  and  succeeded  Father  Costa,  in  the 
holy  office,  in  1874,  since  which  time  he  has  administered  the  affairs  of  the 
church,  and  is  much  loved  by  his  congregation.  The  Catholics  have  a  very 
handsome  cemetery,  north  or  east  of  town,  well  laid  out  and  kept  in  nice  order. 

The  Christian  Church  was  built  in  1865;  is  a  modern  frame,  and  cost 
§2,000.  The  society  was  originally  organized  by  Elder  John  Lindsey.  July  4, 
1864.  Messrs.  John  Hibbs  and  D.  P.  Harber  were  appointed  Elders,  and  F. 
I.  Barnard  and  Cyrus  J.  Gibson,  Deacons.  Elder  R.  B.  Roberts  was  the  first 
regular  Pastor ;  Prof.  Kirke  is  at  present  in  charge,  and  has  60  members  upon 
the  records.  The  church  board  is  as  follows :  J.  H.  Moore  and  H.  C.  M. 
Keefer,  Trustees;  J.  H.  Moore,  John  I.  Lemon  and  H.  C.  M.  Keefer,  Elders; 
John  Williamson,  C.  D.  Ogden  and  T.  T.  James,  Deacons. 

In  1868,  the  German  Lutheran  Church  was  built  in  El  Paso.  The  society 
removed  to  this  place,  from  Kappa,  in  1860,  under  the  pastoral  charge  of  Rev. 
Mr.  Young.  The  first  Pastor,  after  the  church  was  built,  was  Rev.  Mr.  John- 
son. The  building  cost,  originally,  §1,500;  but,  in  1875,  it  was  re-modeled 
at  an  additional  cost  of  §1,700,  and  a  parsonage  attached,  which  cost  §900. 
Rev.  Mr.  Burfriend  is  Pastor,  with  a  membership  of  thirty-four.  The  services 
of  this  church,  from  its  first  organization,  at  Kappa,  down  to  the  present,  have 
been  conducted  in  the  German  languaoe. 

The  German  Evangelical — sometimes  called  the  Albrio-hts — an  oflshoot  of 
the  Methodists,  after  flourishing  for  several  years,  and  becoming,  to  some  extent, 
Americanized,  split  up,  and  the  modern  wing  bought  the  Congregational 
Church,*  while  those  still  clinging  to  ancient  customs  kept  the  old  edifice,  and 
continued  to  worship  in  the  good  old  way. 

*  The  Congregational  Church  has  long  ago  ceased  to  exist  in  this  city. 


i 


X.  < 


(oECEASEDJ 

LINN  TOWNSHIP 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  421 

The  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  South,  a  number  of  years  ago,  made  an 
effort  to  establish  a  society  in  this  city,  but  never  succeeded.  The  Episcopal 
Church  has  organized  a  society  here,  but  no  church  edifice.  The  Bishop  of 
the  Diocese  visits  them  occasionally,  and  confirms  those  who  wish  to  unite  with 
that  branch  of  the  church. 

THE  MASONS. 

The  Masonic  Fraternity  has  one  of  the  finest  halls  in  El  Paso,  it  is  claimed, 
that  there  is  in  the  State  outside  of  Chicago,  and  numbers  among  its  member- 
ship many  of  the  very  best  men  in  the  city.  The  order  is  represented  as 
follows  : 

El  Paso  Lodge,  No.  246,  was  originally  organized  as  Panola  Lodge,  in 
October,  1857,  but  was  removed  to  El  Paso  in  October,  1862.  John  D.  Park 
was  the  first  Master,  and  also  held  the  office  when  the  Lodge  was  removed  as 
noted  above.  Cyrus  P.  Shur  is  the  present  Master,  and  W.  S.  Gibson,  Secre- 
tary. When  the  Lodge  was  chartered,  in  1857,  J.  H.  Hibbard  was  Grand 
Master,  and  H.  G.  Reynolds,  Grand  Secretary.  A  few  years  ago,  some  of  the 
members  split  off  and  formed  a  new  body  known  as  Woodford  Lodge,  No.  654, 
but  it  was  soon  discontinued. 

Mackey  Chapter  was  organized  under  dispensation,  August  31,  1868,  by 
Geo.  W.  Lininger,  Grand  High  Priest  of  Illinois,  and  Daniel  Lewis  was  ap- 
pointed first  High  Priest ;  P.  H.  Tompkins,  Secretary.  At  the  annual  session 
of  the  Grand  Chapter  of  the  State,  held  in  October,  1868,  a  charter  was  granted, 
and  Mackey  Chapter,  No.  130,  formally  constituted.  James  Thompson  was 
elected  first  High  Priest  under  the  charter,  an  office  he  still  holds,  and  the  pres- 
ent Secretary  is  S.  M.  Ferrell. 

Coeur  de  Leon  Comniandery  was  organized  under  dispensation,  August  19, 
1873;  Sir  LeAvis  Keyon  of  Peoria  was  "borrowed  "  to  serve  as  first  Eminent 
Commander,  The  dispensation  was  issued  by  Sir  Daniel  Dustin,  Grand  Com- 
mander of  Illinois,  as  was  also  the  charter  under  date  of  December  4,  1873,  and 
the  body  legally  instituted  under  the  charter  as  Coeur  de  Leon  Commandei'y,  No. 
43,  Knights  Templar.  Sir  James  Thompson  was  first  Commander  after  the 
body  was  chartered,  and  Sir  P.  H.  Tompkins,  Recorder.  At  present.  Sir  S. 
M.  Ferrell  is  Commander  and  Sir  W.  G.  Randall,  Recorder. 

Bavaria  Lodge,  No.  327,  I.  0.  0.  F.,  was  organized  October  7,  1866,  and 
worked  for  a  wdiile  ni  the  German  language,  but  in  late  years  has  changed  into 
English.  It  is  in  a  flourishing  condition  at  present,  and  D.  Dunn  is  Noble 
Grand ;  J.  Batram,  Secretary.  There  was  an  English  lodge  of  this  order  some 
years  ago  in  the  city,  but  it  has  ceased  to  exist. 

SCHOOLS  AND  SCHOOL  HOUSES. 

The  city  of  El  Paso  is  divided  into  two  school  districts  by  the  Illinois  Cen- 
tral Railroad.  The  West  Side,  or  that  portion  of  the  city  lying  west  of  the  rail- 
road, is  known  as  School  District  No.  5,  and  has  a  large  frame  school  building 
which  cost,  originally,  $2,500.      In  the  Summer  of   1877,  an   addition,  termed 

M 


422  HISTORY  OF  AVOODFORD  COUNTY. 

the  High  School  Department,  was  made  to  the  edifice  at  a  cost  of  $1,700.  It  is 
a  graded  school,  and  employs  five  teachers.  Miss  Lou  M.  Hager  is  Principal ; 
and  has  for  assistants  Misses  A.  E.  Painter,  Clara  Davidson,  Mary  D.  Hoag- 
land  and  Emma  L.  Worthington,  with  an  average  attendance  of  about  200. 
The  Directors  are  Messrs.  J.  J.  Cassell,  W.  K.  Hoagland  and  A.  S.  McKinney. 
Pupils  are  regularly  graduated,  a  full  academical  course  given  and  diplomas 
issued  in  the  High  School  Department  of  this  institution,  and  the  following  are 
some  of  the  branches  required  to  be  perfected  before  the  pupils  can  receive  a 
graduate's  diploma :  Physical  Geography,  Botany,  Zoology,  Natural  Philoso- 
phy, Physiology,  etc.,  etc.,  in  addition  to  the  ordinary  common  school 
course.  The  West  Side  is  justly  proud  of  its  school,  and  with  good  cause  it 
seems.  It  bears  the  name  of  beinor  one  of  the  best,  if  not  the  verv  best  of  common 
schools  in  the  county. 

The  East  Side,  or  District  No.  4,  has  a  large  and  elegant  three-story  and 
basement  brick  school  house  erected  in  1869  at  a  cost  of  $21,000.  Previous  to 
its  erection,  the  district  had  a  very  comfortable  frame  building.  Miss  Jennie 
Fishburn  is  Principal.  Teachers :  Miss  Emma  C  Waite,  Miss  Maggie  Miller, 
Mrs.  Ida  B.  Duff,  with  an  average  attendance  of  200  pupils.  It  is  a  graded 
school,  and  first-class  in  all  its  branches  and  departments.  The  present  Direct- 
ors are  Wm.  Wheeler,  Jas.  P.  Ferrell  and  Dr.  D.  W.  Lamme. 

THE  BANK  BLOCK. 

The  magnificent  brick  block,  on  the  West  Side,  containing  the  banking 
rooms  of  Shur,  Tompkins  k  Co.,  with  several  elegant  stores,  is  the  finest  block 
of  buildings  in  the  place,  and  would  be  creditable  to  any  city  in  the  State.  It 
is  three  stories  and  basement,  and  the  second  is  owned  by  the  city,  who  uses  it 
as  a  city  and  public  hall,  while  the  third  story  is  owned  by  the  Masonic  Order, 
and  the  entire  block  was  built  a  few  years  ago  by  the  banking  firm,  at  a  cost 
of  $60,000. 

The  Bank  of  El  Paso  was  organized  in  1866,  by  John  G.  Ferguson  and  E. 
T.  Disonay,  who  acted  as  Cashier.  They  first  commenced  business  in  one  cor- 
ner of  Aug.  Strathman's  furniture  store,  until  a  banking  building  could  be 
procured.  In  March,  1867,  Messrs.  W.  &  0.  A.  Shur  were  admitted  to  an 
interest,  and  the  firm  changed  to  Shur,  Ferguson  &  Co.  They  moved  into  the 
building  erected  on  the  East  Side  for  them,  by  Geo.  L.  Gibson,  and  in  the  fol- 
lowing June,  P.  A.  Simmons  Avas  made  bookkeeper,  which  position  he  still 
holds.  Mr.  Ferguson  withdrew  his  interest  in  1868,  on  account  of  ill-health, 
and  his  place  was  supplied  by  Philip  H.  Tompkins,  under  the  firm  name  of  Shur, 
Tompkins  &  Co.,  which  is  the  present  style  of  tlie  firm. 

A  newspaper  was  first  established  in  El  Paso  in  1864.  and  a  short  time  after, 
John  T.  Harper  and  D.  B.  Fisk  started  the  Journal^  which  at  one  time  had, 
perhaps,  the  largest  circulation  ever  reached  by  a  country  weekly  newspaper. 
After  many  changes  in  the  ownership,  it  has  passed  into  the  hands  of  Carrier  & 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  423 

Coleman,  who  run  it  on  the  Independent  plan,  taking  no  particular  side  in  the 
politics  of  the  day. 

The  El  Paso  Cemetery  is  handsomely  laid  off  grounds,  beautifully  orna- 
mented and  well  kept.  It  contains  40  acres  of  land,  surrounded  by  a  substan- 
tial fence,  and  thickly  set  in  grass.  Many  fine  monuments  and  marble  columns 
show  the  love  felt  by  surviving  friends  for  the  dear  ones  that  are  gone.  The 
first  death  in  the  city  of  El  Paso  is  supposed  to  have  been  three  little  children 
of  Isaac  Jenkins,  who  died  with  scarlet  fever  in  the  Winter  of  1857-8,  and  so 
near  together  that  all  three  were  buried  in  one  grave.  A  child  of  Levi  Darling 
is  said  by  some  to  have  died  during  the  Summer  previous  to  the  death  of  Jen- 
kins' children,  but  we  could  not  ascertain  the  facts  definitely.  The  first  mar. 
riage  in  the  citv  is  accredited  to  Eben  Hotchkiss  and  Miss  Celia  Bano,  about 

CD  *^  7 

1857. 

GENERAL    BUSINESS. 

Referring  to  the  general  business  of  the  City  of  El  Paso,  we  make  the  fol- 
lowing extracts  from  the  address  of  Dr.  Lamme  already  referred  to :  "  The 
amount  of  goods  sold  annually  is  about  $400,000  ;  agricultural  implements  sold 
annually,  $100,000  ;  coal,  about  1,000  tons,  or  400  car  loads.  Goods,  including 
product^s  of  our  own  shops,  not  far  short  of  $600,000,  annually.  *  *  *  * 
Grain  is  tlie  chief  export,  and  it  is  estimated  that  at  least  half  a  million  bushels 
of  grain  is  handled  at  this  point  alone,  to  say  nothing  of  what  is  bought  at 
neighboring  points  by  our  merchants." 

The  following  is  the  railroad  business  at  this  place  for  the  year  1875,  taken 

from  same  address : 

Ticket  sales  of  the  I.  C.  R.  R $  10,165.15 

•'      T..  P.  &  AV.  R.  R 12,737.10 

Freight  received  by  I.  C.  R.  R tons,  17,487  30,937.45 

forwarded  "       " "       7,434  28,521.05 

received  by  T.,  P.  &  W.  R.  R "     10,590  25.737.99 

"         forwarded    "         "         "         "     25,390  34,066.00 

Total  freight  forwarded  and  received "     60,901  $142,154.74 

LIBRARY. 

Early  in  the  history  of  El  Paso,  an  attempt  was  made  for  a  public  library. 
But  with  so  many  other  demands  upon  her  finances,  little  was  done  toward  the 
enterprise.  About  the  year  1873,  the  subject  was  taken  up  by  the  ladies,  and 
a  meeting  called  at  the  residence  of  Mrs.  W.  G.  Randall,  who  had  been  most 
active  in  infusing  interest  into  the  project.  After  considerable  discussion,  and 
not  without  some  opposition,  a  library  association  was  finally  formed,  with  the 
following  corps  of  ofiicers :  President,  Mrs.  Dr.  Stockwell ;  A'^ice  President, 
Mrs.  J.  J.  Cassell ;  Secretary,  Mrs.  D.  O'Brien ;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  W.  R. 
Bigham ;  Librarian,  Mrs.  S.  H.  Worthington. 

The  library  contains  about  800  volumes,  is  in  good  condition,  out  of  debt, 
and  adding  continually  to  the  number  of  its  volumes. 


424  HISTORY  OF  AVOODFORD  COUNTY. 

The  present  officers  are  as  follows:  President,  Mrs.  S.  T.  Rogers;  Vice 
President,  Mrs.  A.  0.  Shur  ;  Secretary,  Mrs.  S.  H.  Worthington  ;  Treasurer, 
Mrs.  W.  G.  Randall ;  Librarian,  Mrs.  W.  G.  Johnson  ;  Executive  Committee, 
Mrs.  George  M.  Young,  Mrs.  Dr.  Cole,  Mrs.  J.  Crawford. 

The  medical  fraternity  of  the  city  compares  favorably  with  any  section  of 
the  country.  Their  names  are  as  follows :  Drs.  S.  0.  Kerr,  D.  Lewis,  A. 
Stockwell,  A.  Reynolds,  Frederick  Cole,  J.  Q.  Adams  and  D.  W.  Lamme. 
Several  of  these  gentlemen  were  in  the  medical  department  of  the  army  during 
the  late  war,  where  they  acquitted  themselves  with  honor  and  distinction. 

The  bar  is  represented  by  the  following  legal  gentlemen  :  Judge  J.  J.  Cas- 
sell,  Hon.  A.  M.  Cavan,  M.  H.  Cassell,  W.  S.  Gibson,  Walter  Bennett,  W.  G. 
Randall  and  W.  H.  Bullock.  Of  these,  J.  J.  Cassell  was  for  several  terms 
Judge  of  the  Recorder's  Court  while  in  existence,  and  A.  M.  Cavan  has  served 
in  the  State  Legislature  as  a  member  from  Woodford  County. 

The  city  of  El  Paso  has  two  very  handsome  little  parks,  one  in  each  ward, 
and  each  park  embraces  one  full  block.  They  are  enclosed  by  neat  fences,  are 
elegantly  laid  out,  filled  with  beautiful  trees,  and  add  materially  to  the  beauty  of 
the  city.  The  name  of  El  Paso  was  given  the  city  in  honor  of  the  township, 
which  bears  the  same  name. 

VILLAGE  OF  KAPPA. 

The  village  of  Kappa  was  laid  out  soon  after  the  completion  of  the  Illinois 
Central  Railroad  through  the  township,  and  was  at  one  time  a  place  of  consider- 
able business.  Long  before  El  Paso  appeared  above  the  tall  grass  and  the  wild 
flowers  of  the  prairie.  Kappa  was  a  town  of  note,  running  two  or  three  large  stores 
and  dealing  extensively  in  grain.  The  first  store  was  opened  by  a  Canadian, 
when  the  town  was  first  laid  off.  A  Mr.  Reed,  formerly  of  Spring  Bay,  was  the 
second  to  go  into  the  mercantile  business  in  this  little  village.  He  kept  the  first 
post  office  in  the  village,  and  which  was  several  years  after  the  one  kept  by  Horn 
in  the  township,  some  distance  from  Kappa.  Reed  afterward  sold  out  to  Asa 
Sparks,  who  continued  some  time  in  the  trade. 

C.  Schafer,  one  of  the  successful  merchants  of  El  Paso,  settled  at  first  in 
Kappa.  He  says  that  it  was  then  the  best  business  point  on  the  west  side  of 
the  county.  He  was  looking  for  a  place  to  locate,  and  made  up  his  mind  that 
Kappa  was  the  identical  spot.  He  remembers  seeing  a  hundred  wagons  at  one 
time  in  the  village,  all  loaded  with  grain  and  waiting  to  get  to  the  scales  to  weigh 
their  loads.  He  finally  settled  in  Kappa,  where  he  did  a  good  business,  until 
the  completion  of  the  Toledo,  Peoria  &  Warsaw  Railroad  to  the  Illinois  Central, 
which  gave  birth  to  the  city  of  El  Paso,  and  sealed  the  doom  of  Kappa.  The 
atter  place  dwindled  down  to  a  small  business,  and  trade  flowed  into  El  Paso. 
Mr.  Schafer  left  Kappa  and  went  with  the  crowd.  The  village  now  contains 
but  one  store,  and  a  post  office,  kept  by  George  Lollman,  one  church,  and  a 
school  house,  with  a  few  residences. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  425 

CHURCHES. 

The  first  sermon  preached  in  Woodford  County  in  the  German  language,  was 
at  Kappa  in  1858,  but  the  name  of  the  minister  we  were  unable  to  learn.  A 
society  of  the  German  Lutheran  Church  was  organized  about  that  time,  which 
met  for  a  time  in  the  Kappa  school  house.  Rev.  Mr.  Roff  succeeded  to  the 
charge,  and  in  18G0  the  society  moved  to  El  Paso,  where  it  is  noticed  in  con- 
nection with  the  city's  history.  Mr.  North  says  that  Rev.  Mr.  Gregg  organized 
a  Methodist  class  here  in  1855.  of  ten  members,  with  Avhich  he  and  his  wife 
were  numbered.  The  meetings  for  a  time  were  held  in  the  depot,  and  after- 
ward in  the  school  house,  until  the  Methodist  Church,  the  only  one  in  the  vil- 
lage, was  built  in  1874^.  It  is  a  very  neat  frame  building,  and  cost  $2,500. 
Rev.  jMr.  Kern  is  Pastor,  and  the  society  numbers  about  thirty-five  members. 

Kappa  was  given  to  the  village  as  a  name,  by  the  Illinois  Central  Railroad 
Company,  as  was  most  of  the  stations  along  the  road,  and  is  supposed  to  be  an 
Indian  name  or  word. 


MINONK    TOWNSHIP. 

This  township  is  a  full  congressional  town,  and  is  designated  as  Town  28 
north.  Range  2  east  of  the  Third  Principal  Meridian.  It  is  situated  in  the 
extreme  northeastern  corner  of  Woodford  County,  and  is  bounded  as  follows : 
On  the  north  by  La  Salle  County  ;  on  the  east  by  Livingston  County  ;  on  the 
south  by  Panola  Township,  and  on  the  west  by  Clayton  Township.  The  land 
is  quite  level,  there  being  scarcely  enough  ftill  to  admit  of  eflFectual  drainage  ; 
and  it  was  at  first  supposed  that  much  of  the  township  was  too  flat  for  tillable 
land,  but  by  ample  ditching,  this  has  proved  to  be  of  the  very  best  quality. 
The  soil  is  of  a  very  rich  and  productive  character,  and  quite  deep.  It  pro- 
duces immense  crops  of  corn,  oats  and  other  grains.  A  large  amount  of  pork 
and  some  cattle  are  raised. 

The  township  is  entirely  devoid  of  timber  and  of  running  streams  of  water. 
However,  many  little  groves  of  cottonwood  and  soft  maple,  planted  by  the 
earliest  settlers,  are  now  beginning  to  appear,  and  give  the  country  the  appear- 
ance of  an  old  settled  wooded  country.  The  Illinois  Central  Railroad  traverses 
the  township,  crossing  the  western  part,  about  a  mile  from  the  western  line. 
This  road  was  completed  through  this  section  in  1854,  and  was  the  cause  of  the 
immediate  development  of  this  part  of  the  State.  The  Chicago.  Pekin  &  South- 
western Railroad  crosses  the  Illinois  Central  at  the  city  of  Minonk,  running 
through  a  small  portion  of  the  northwestern  corner  of  the  township,  and  thus 
supplying  it  with  an  immediate  connection  with  Chicago  and  intermediate  points. 

EARLY    HISTORY. 

Twenty-five  years  ago,  Frank  B.  Williams,  then  a  young  man  of  twenty,  left 
his  home  in  the  hills  of  Vermont.     He  left  his  father's  farm  for  the  purpose  of 


426  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

seeking  a  home  and  an  independence  in  the  rapidly  developing  Prairie  State. 
The  Michigan  Central  Railroad  had.  Imt  the  previous  year,  been  completed  to 
Chicago  ;  and,  by  this  means  of  travel,  he  made  his  way  to  the  city.     Here  he 
stayed  a  few  days,  seeking  employment.      His  education  had  been  quite  liberal 
and  he  sought,  but  without  success,  a  position  as  teacher  in  the  public  schools. 
Finding  himself  thus  disappointed,  he  bought  a  horse,  and  on  horseback  set  out 
on  a  tour  of  inspection  of  the  central  portion  of  the  State.     His  course  led  him 
toward  the  city  of  Peoria.     He  traveled  slowly,  and  in  an  indirect  way,  some- 
times near  the  Illinois   River,  and  at  other  times  wandering  some  miles  away, 
until  he  came,  finallv,  to  the  settlement  in  the  vicinitv  of  Lacon.     Here  he 
heard  of  the  projected  Illinois  Central  Railroad,  which  was  to  traverse  the  east- 
ern part  of  Marshall  and  Woodford  Counties,  and  he  hastened  off  to  investigate 
the  line  of  road,  and  to  examine  the  land,  with  a  view  of  becoming  a  land  spec- 
ulator, and  perhaps  a  farmer.     He  was  pleased  with  the  prospect,  and  at  once 
selected  a  piece  of  land  adapted  to  his  wants  and  means,  and  started  without 
delav  to  the  land  office  to  secure  his  title.     This  land  he  believes  to  have  been 
either  a  part  of  the  city  of  Minonk  or  adjoining,  and,  but  for  an  untoward  cir- 
cumstance, we  might  have  recorded  him  as  the  first  settler  of  the  township. 
When  he  arrived  at  the  land  office,  he  found  that  bis  selection  was  already  dis- 
posed of,  and  being  thus  again  thwarted  in  his  designs,  he  disposed  of  his  horse 
and  again  endeavored  to  find  employment  in  the  city,  in  which  he  was  this  time, 
in  a  measure,  successful.     He  describes  the  country  then  as  a  large  plain,  with 
not  a  house  or  any  other  indication  than  occasionally  a  wagon  track  that  the 
spot  had  ever  before  been  visited  by  man.      There  was  not  to  be  seen  even  the 
little  groves  which  now  dot  the  prairies  :  for  all  of  these  have  since  been  planted 
and  grown  by  the  later  occupants  of  the  land.     Away  to  the  southwest  could  be 
seen  the  grove  along  Panther  Creek  ;  to  the  northwest  was  Crow  Creek  with  its 
belt  of  timber  ;  and  stretching  far  oflF  to  the  east  lay  Long  Point.     Aside  from 
these  and  the  summer  sky,  and  the  almost  boundless  sea  of  prairie  grass,  the  eye 
had  no  where  to  rest.      Certainly  a  quarter  of  a  century  has  wrought  wonderful 
changes.     What  was  then  a  dreary  waste  is  now  a  populous  and  thriving  city  ; 
what  was  then  a  roaming  place  for  wolves  and  other  wild  animals  is  now  a  suc- 
cession of  fertile  fields. 

EARLY    SETTLEMENTS. 

The  first  settlement  of  the  township  and  of  the  city  of  Minonk  are  identical, 
as  all  who  located  here  within  the  first  year  or  two  made  the  station,  which  had 
been  recently  established,  their  objective  point. 

The  first  actual  settler  within  the  limits  of  the  township  was  Samuel  Work. 
He  came  originally  from  the  State  of  Pennsylvania,  and  settled  in  Illinois  as 
early  as  1831.  Upon  the  completion  of  the  railroad,  he  came  to  this  place  and 
entered  upon  the  duties  of  Station  Agent,  which  position  he  continued  to  hold 
for  fifteen  years.  He  was  the  first  Justice  of  the  Peace  in  the  Township,  being 
elected  to  that  office  while  Minonk  and  Panola  were  yet  a  single  precinct. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  427 

The  location  of  the  town  was  secured  by  Duvid  A.  Neal,  of  Salem,  Mass. 
A  plat  of  the  village,  seven  hundred  and  eighty  feet  wide  (m  each  side  of  the 
Illinois  Central  Railroad,  and  extending  along  its  3,690  feet,  was  recorded  in 
the  office  of  the  Recorder  of  Woodford  County,  November  7,  1854.  This  plat 
was  laid  out  and  surveyed,  from  Section  7  of  the  township,  by  Peter  Folsom, 
Deputy  Surveyor  of  Woodford  County,  and  for  Mr.  Neal,  owner  of  the  section. 
As  soon  as  it  was  definitely  known  that  a  town  was  established  here,  acces- 
sions began  immediately  to  be  made.  The  same  Fall,  Charles  Dobson  came 
from  the  vicinity  of  Pattonsburg  for  the  purpose  of  opening  a  store,  which,  in 
company  with  Americus  Pogue,  he  did  in  the  Fall  of  1854. 

They  built  the  first  house  in  the  township,  it  being  the  store  building,  on 
the  corner  now  occupied  by  the  banking  house  of  Jenkins,  Dunn  &  Co.  Mr, 
Dobson  also  built,  soon  after,  a  dwelling  house.  A  post  office  was  established 
at  this  point  in  December  of  this  year,  and  Mr.  Dobson  was  appointed  Post- 
master. 

C.  W.  Goodrich  was  the  third  man  in  the  place.  He  came,  with  his  family, 
from  New  York,  arriving  at  the  station  in  May,  1855.  He  built  the  second 
dwelling  house,  and  immediately  engaged  in  the  grain  and  lumber  trade,  taking 
into  partnership  James  Parker,  who,  with  his  father  and  brother  Martin,  made 
their  advent  about  this  time.  During  the  season,  quite  a  number  of  accessions 
were  made  to  the  little  community,  and  as  nearly  in  the  order  in  which  they 
are  named  as  can  now  be  remembered. 

Jonathan  Macey,  from  Indiana,  was  the  proprietor  of  the  first  hotel,  the 
same  which,  with  several  additions,  has  answered  the  demands  of  the  traveling 
public  ever  since.  Mr.  Macey  has  long  since  moved  further  west,  and  the  hotel 
has  frequently  changed  hands.  The  original  building  was  erected  by  Joel  Pratt, 
from  New  York,  and  brother-in-law  of  C.  W.  Goodrich. 

The  first  farm  was  opened  by  Samuel  Wiley,  from  Vermont.  His  farming 
operations,  in  which  he  was  assisted  by  his  brother  Joseph,  were  begun  on  Sec- 
tion 5.  About  the  same  time,  Mr.  Goodrich  also  did  a  little  in  this  line.  In 
the  Spring  of  1856,  Thornton  Taylor  and  family  moved  in  from  the  western 
part  of  the  county.  In  his  family  occurred  the  first  death  in  the  community. 
His  son  La  Fayette  was  attending  a  meeting  of  some  kind,  and,  in  stepping 
suddenly  from  a  seat  on  which  he  had  been  standing,  received  an  internal  injury 
from  which  he  soon  after  died. 

H.  A.  Christians,  a  native  of  Germany,  came  early  this  year  and  opened  the 
first  blacksmith  shop.  His  daughter  Clara  was  the  first  child  born  in  the  new 
town. 

Isaac  Garrison,  a  physician,  located  here  during  the  Summer,  and  was  the 
first  of  his  profession. 

In  the  Fall  of  the  year,  L.  G.  Keedy,  who  afterward,  in  the  war  of  the 
rebellion,  went  out  as  Captain  of  the  first  company  raised  in  this  part  of  the 
-county,  selected  this  as  his  home. 


428  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

With  this  number  of  ftimilies,  it  will  readily  be  guessed  there  would  at  once 
be  a  demand  for  schools  and  church  services.  Such  was  the  case,  for  in  the 
Winter  of  1856-57  a  school  was  established.  It  was  opened  in  a  little  building 
which  stood  just  west  of  the  present  site  of  the  hotel.  The  house  in  which  the 
school  Avas  opened  had  been  in  use  by  the  railroad  company,  as  a  boarding  house 
for  the  employes  of  the  road. 

Frances  Reeder  Avas  im^ested  Avith  the  charge  of  the  school ;  and  the  School 
Treasurer's  books  show  that,  on  April  6,  1857,  there  was  paid  to  her,  as  salary 
for  the  four  months'  services  as  teacher,  the  sum  of  seventy-nine  dollars. 

The  first  religious  service  Avas  held  in  the  neAv  hotel,  in  the  Fall  of  185G. 

Rev.  Mr.  Frost,  a  Presbyterian  evangelist,  was  traveling  through  the  country, 
and  stopped,  both  at  this  place  and  Panola,  and  preached  to  the  people.  There 
was  but  little  thought  of  denomination  then.  All  the  people  came  together,  on 
short  notice,  and  "heard  the  word  gladly." 

As  remembered  now,  the  first  marriage  celebrated  Avas  that  of  George  W. 
Simpkins  and  Mary  Sutton.  Miss  Sutton's  people  lived  in  a  part  of  Mr.  Good- 
rich's Avarehouse,  and  here  the  ceremony  Avas  performed  by  Samuel  Work,  Avho 
had  but  recently  been  elected  Justice  of  the  Peace.     No  cards. 

PROGRESS. 

No  incidents  of  a  startling  character  are  I'emembered.  Minonk  has  ever 
been  noted  as  a  very  practical  and  matter-of-fact  town,  but  little  given  to  sen- 
sations, or  that  Avhich  Avould  give  a  narrative  great  interest  to  the  sensational 
reader.  HoAvever,  the  steady  and  solid  growth  of  the  town  was  quite  marked  ; 
it  was  firmly  established ;  and  tradesmen,  farmers,  mechanics  and  professional 
men  of  almost  all  kinds  dropped  in  from  time  to  time. 

As  those  Avho  came  usually  succeeded  in  their  callings,  they  settled  down 
and  made  this  their  permanent  home ;  so  that  the  population  of  the  township 
had  so  increased,  by  1857,  that  it  was  thought  advisable  to  organize  the  toAvn- 
ship  as  a  separate  precinct,  and,  an  order  from  the  Board  of  Supervisors  having 
been  obtained  to  that  effect,  an  election  Avas  held,  April  7th,  Avhen  it  was  found 
that  the  poll  numbered  twenty-two. 

At  the  election,  C.  W.  Goodrich  Avas  called  to  the  chair,  and  L.  G.  Keedy 
elected  Clerk  i^ro  tern.  Among  the  names  of  those  elected  to  office  Avill  be 
noticed  quite  a  number  not  heretofore  mentioned.  Several  of  these  had  but 
recently  come  to  the  township.  The  officers  elected  were :  George  P.  Dan- 
forth.  Supervisor;  A.  L.  Pogue,  Clerk;  Charles  Dobson,  Assessor ;  Thomas 
Reeder,  Collector ;  Jonathan  Macey ,  Overseer  of  the  Poor  ;  George  P.  Dan- 
forth,  Samuel  Clegg  and  John  Vance,  Highway  Commissioners ;  Wm.  Reeves, 
Justice  of  the  Peace ;  Joel  B.  Pratt  and  LeAvis  Fowler,  Constables ;  Jonathan 
Macey,  LcAvis  FoAvler  and  George  P.  Danforth,  Pound  Masters;  LeAvis  FoAvler, 
Thornton  Taylor  and  A.  H.  Danforth,  Road  Masters. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  429 

If  office  holding  Avas  then  as  desirable  as  it  is  now,  in  some  localities,  there 
were  doubtless  some  souls  made  happy,  as  nearly  every  man  got  an  office  and 
some  got  more. 

Some  important  business  was  transacted,  which  has  since  exerted  a  marked 
influence  on  the  policy  of  the  township.  Resolutions  were  adopted  for  keeping 
up  all  kinds  of  stock  ;  for  providing  for  the  establishment  of  three  pounds,  and 
for  dividing  the  township  into  three  road  districts. 

HIGHWAYS. 

The- people  of  this  township  seem,  from  the  first,  to  have  been  of  a  class 
ambitious  to  excel  in  matters  of  public  import  ;  for  no  sooner  was  the  organiza- 
tion completed  than  steps  were  taken  to  put  into  operation  the  means  whereby 
enterprises  of  a  public  nature  might  be  put  in  motion ;  and  especially  do  we 
find  this  the  case  in  regard  to  public  thoroughfares.  The  year  had  not  passed, 
before  at  least  eight  lines  of  new  road,  of  not  less  than  fifty  miles  in  extent, 
had  been  surveyed  and  authorized  by  the  Commissioners.  The  first  petition 
— for  a  road  of  six  miles,  on  the  line  between  Minonk  and  Clayton — was  not 
granted. 

The  first  road  that  received  favor  from  the  Commissioners  was  the  one 
commencing  at  the  southAvest  corner  of  Section  34,  and  running  north,  through 
the  township,  and  dividing  it  into  two  equal  parts.  Next  came  a  petition  for 
the  road  running  east  from  First  street,  in  the  town  of  Minonk,  bearing  north, 
to  the  south  line  of  Section  5,  and  thence  due  east,  through  the  township. 
Then  a  road,  from  the  southeast  corner  of  Section  12,  and  running  west,  to  the 
township  line,  was  demanded  and  granted.  Following  this  was  a  petition  for 
a  road  from  the  northwest  corner  of  Section  5  directly  south,  to  the  south  town- 
ship line.  This  was  succeeded  by  a  road,  commencing  at  the  northwest  corner 
of  Section  4  and  running  south,  through  the  township.  The  next  was  for  a 
road  beginning  at  the  northwest  corner  of  Section  2,  and  extending  south,  to 
the  southwest  corner  of  Section  34.  The  last  this  year  was  for  a  joint  road, 
between  Minonk  and  Groveland  Townships.  This  made  every  north  and  south 
section  line  and  three  of  the  east  and  west  lines  duly  authorized  highways. 
This  system  has  since  been  greatly  extended  and  improved,  so  that  we  now  find 
every  section  line  a  regularly  laid  out  and  graded  thoroughfare ;  and  though 
this  was  the  latest  township  settled,  and  though  the  natural  advantages  have 
been  much  in  favor  of  other  townships,  the  highways  of  Minonk  compare  favor- 
ably with  any  township  in  the  county. 

RAILROADS. 

The  history  of  the  building  of  the  Illinois  Central  Railroad  is,  of  course, 
anterior  to  the  history  of  the  township  of  Minonk,  and  needs  only  to  be  referred 
to  here.  The  charter  of  the  railroad  was  granted,  by  the  Legislature  of  the 
State,  in  1851.  One  of  the  conditions  of  the  charter  was,  that  every  alternate 
section  of  land,  for  a  distance  of  six  miles,  on  each  side  of  the  line,  was  to  be 


430  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

donated  to  the  company,  to  aid  in  its   construction.      So  that  one-half  of  the 
township  of  Minonk  originally  belonged  to  the  company. 

The  Chicago,  Pekin  &  Southwestern  Railroad  was  completed  in  1872.  With 
this,  the  city  and  township  had  much  to  do,  in  securing  its  location  through  this 
part  of  the  county.  It  was  on  a  promise  of  assistance  of  3-50.000,  voted  by 
the  township.  January  16,  1869,  that  the  company  consented  to  run  the  road 
through  its  limits. 

By  a  recent  vote  of  the  township,  it  has  been  decided  to  authorize  the  Town 
Clerk  and  Supervisor,  by  and  with  the  consent  and  advice  of  the  Board  of 
Town  Auditors,  to  issue  bonds  of  the  township,  and  sell  them,  to  raise  money 
to  purchase  and  retire  all  outstanding  bonds  issued  in  aid  of  the  C.  P.  iC  S.  W. 
R.  R.  The  bonds  are  to  be  each  for  the  sum  of  $500,  and  to  bear  interest 
at  a  rate  not  exceeding  eight  per  cent,  per  annum,  payable  annually.  The 
bonds  are  to  run  not  to  exceed  ten  years  from  date,  or  in  installments,  as  the 
authorities  may  determine. 

While  there  may  be  some  doubt  whether  a  second  railroad  has  materially 
added  to  the  interests  of  the  city,  but  few  will  dispute  that  the  country  has 
been  greatly  benefited  thereby.  Much  has  been  saved  to  the  farming  commu- 
nity in  the  way  of  freights,  as,  by  the  means  of  this  line,  there  has  been 
opened  a  direct  route  to  Chicago;  and  also,  competition  has  doubtless  reduced 
freight  rates  not  a  little. 

EDUCATIOX. 

The  inhabitants  of  this  township  have,  from  the  first,  taken  more  than 
ordinary  interest  in  the  matter  of  schools.  As  before  noted,  as  early  as  1856, 
a  school  was  organized  at  the  station  :  but  this  did  not  lonsr  answer  the  demands 
of  the  rapidly  increasing  populatian.  A  Board  of  School  Trustees,  consisting  of 
L.  G.  Keedv,  Charles  Dobson  and  Jackson  Parker,  with  C.  W.  Goodrich  as 
their  Treasurer,  had  been  elected,  September  1,  1856,  and  had  exercised  full 
authority  over  the  school  matters  in  the  whole  township,  which  at  first  consisted 
of  one  district.  The  school  section  had  been  sold  February  11.  1857,  for 
$6,536.  School  had  been  in  successful  operation  at  the  station  for  four  months. 
Settlements  were  being  made  in  the  eastern  part  of  the  township  ;  and  a  demand 
Avas  arising  for  a  school  in  that  neighborhood.  So  the  Trustees,  on  the  6th  day 
of  April,  1857.  as  then  authorized  by  law,  proceeded  to  lay  out  the  township 
into  two  districts,  the  four  northeast  sections  into  one  district,  and  designating 
it  as  No.  2,  and  designating  all  the  balance  of  the  territoiy  as  No.  1.  The  first 
Directors  of  the  new  District  No.  1  were  Daniel  Hollenback,  Jonathan  Macey 
and  Levi  Fillingham. 

Three  years  after,  October  13,  1860,  the  Trustees,  finding  that  schools  were 
needed  in  other  parts  of  the  township,  met  and  formed  two  new  districts,  one  in 
the  extreme  eastern  par%  consisting  of  Sections  13,  14.  23  and  24,  and  the 
other  in  the  south  part,  embracing  Sections  21,  22.  27,  28,  33  and  34.  There 
still  remained  a  considerable  portion  of  the  territory  unorganized,  and  some 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  431 

of  the  already  formed  districts  were  too  large  for  convenience — being  three 
miles  in  length — so  on  the  folloAving  INIay  it  was  thought  advisable  to  make  still 
further  divisions ;  and  the  number  of  districts  was  increased  to  seven.  No 
further  divison  was  made  until  October  9,  1868,  when  an  additional  district  was 
formed,  making  the  number  eight.  At  that  time,  the  number  of  children  had 
increased  to  740.  This  number  has  since  increased  to  1,511 ;  having  about 
doubled  in  ten  years.  The  School  Treasurers,  in  the  order  in  which  they  held 
the  office,  have  been  C.  W.  Goodrich,  G.  H.  Jenkins,  H.  C.  Dent,  M.  A.  Gush- 
ing and  Euclid  Martin,  the  last  having  been  appointed  October  4,  1875.  The 
number  of  teachers  employed  in  the  township,  at  one  time,  is  sixteen.  The 
amount  expended  for  teachers'  salaries, and  all  other  purposes,  is  $6,000  per  annum. 

CITY  OF  MINONK. 

About  ten  years  after  the  advent  of  the  first  inhabitant  to  the  neighborhood, 
it  began  to  be  realized  by  the  citizens  of  the  thriving  little  village  that  many 
advantages,  in  the  Avay  of  sidewalks  and  other  public  improvements,  might 
accrue  from  the  incorporation  of  the  same.  Accordingly,  a  meeting  was  called 
for  September  17,  1864,  to  take  the  matter  into  consideration  and  to  determine 
whether  the  town  should  be  incorporated  under  the  general  act  of  the  State. 
The  meeting  was  unanimous  in  favor  of  incorporation,  and  an  election  was  at 
once  called  for  the  election  of  five  Trustees.  The  election  took  place  September 
30,  and  resulted  in  the  election  of  Reuben  P.  Bell,  A.  Cholwell,  C.  W.  Good- 
rich, Henry  C.  Dent  and  M.  A.  Gushing.  At  the  first  meeting  of  the  Trustees, 
October  30,  R.  P.  Bell  was  elected  President  and  H.  G.  Dent,  Glerk.  At  this 
meeting  it  was  also  voted  that  all  of  Section  7  should  be  embraced  in  the  cor- 
porate limits  of  the  town,  and  a  plat  of  the  same  be  provided  and  filed  with  the 
Gounty  Recorder.  Under  this  organization  the  town  existed  and  flourished  for 
three  years,  when  a  move  was  made  to  obtain  a  city  charter.  The  charter  was 
granted  March  7,  1867,  and  the  first  election  held  October  7. 

The  charter  divided  the  city  into  four  wards. 

The  first  officers  elected  under  the  city  charter  were  John  Stoner,  Mayor  ; 
Alderman  of  First  Ward,  Samuel  Work  ;  Alderman  of  Second  Ward,  H.  R. 
Kipp ;  Third  Ward,  John  Sparks  ;  Fourth  Ward,  Henry  G.  Dent ;  Glerk,  U. 
L.  Newell.  This  organization  continued  for  five  years,  when,  in  1872,  the 
Legislature  of  the  State,  authorized  by  the  new  constitution,  having  passed  a 
general  law  for  the  incorporation  of  towns  and  cities,  it  was  deemed  advisable 
again  to  change  the  style  of  government.  At  an  election  held  on  the  20th  of 
September,  it  was  decided  to  incorporate  under  the  provisions  of  the  general 
act.  The  first  election  of  officers  was  held  April  15,  1873,  at  which  time  the 
following  persons  were  selected  for  the  respective  offices:  G.  H.  Whittaker,  Mayor ; 
M.  L.  Newell,  Attorney  ;  A.  K.  Ferrin,  Treasurer ;  J.  M.  Fort,  Glerk  ;  A.  B- 
Kipp,  J.  T.  Taylor,  M.  A.  Gushing,  G.  W.  Simpkins,  F.  Pressinger  and  John 
King,  Aldermen. 


432  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

This  organization  has  remained  in  force  to  the  present  time.  The  present 
officers  are  R  Newton,  Mayor ;  F.  H.  Goodrich,  Clerk  ;  W.  R.  Dunn,  Treas- 
urer ;  W.  C.  Simpson,  Attorney ;  George  Dent,  Police  Magistrate ;  W.  J. 
Taylor,  J.  C.  AVickler,  J.  W.  Gilbert,  A.  Bell,  E.  Martin  and  Charles  Fuller, 
Aldermen. 

Under  all  its  forms  of  government,  the  city  seems  to  have  prospered ;  the 
style  of  the  charter  and  the  manner  of  putting  the  laws  into  execution  being  of 
less  importance  than  the  energy  of  the  people  and  the  integrity  of  the  officers 
selected. 

CHURCHES. 

But  few  towns  are  better  supplied  with  churches  than  Minonk ;  all  of  the 
leading  denominations  are  represented,  and  each  has  a  comfortable  house  of 
worship.  Though  the  buildings  do  not  excel  in  architectural  beauty,  they  are 
all  neat,  comfortable  and  commodious,  and  ample  for  present  wants,  and,  what 
is  best  of  all,  are  paid  for.  As  in  most  new  places,  so  in  this,  church  organiza- 
tions preceded  buildings.  As  stated  in  another  part  of  this  narrative,  religious 
services  were  held  here  as  early  as  1856.  During  the  same  Summer,  a  Sunday 
school  was  organized,  by  A.  H.  Danforth  as  Superintendent,  in  which  all  joined 
without  regard  to  sect  or  opinion.  The  school  was  held  in  the  old  depot  build- 
ing, but  was  finally  removed  to  the  Presbyterian  Church,  which  was  built  a 
year  after.  The  Presbyterian  w'as  the  pioneer  church.  This  society  organized 
in  1856,  and  called  the  Rev.  J.  M.  Brown  as  Pastor.  Their  first  church 
building  Avas  ready  for  occupation  in  1858.  It  was  a  small  structure,  and  cost 
but  $350,  but  at  that  time  was  large  enough  to  answer  the  demands  of  the 
w^hole  community.  This  building  was  superseded  by  a  more  pretentious  house 
in  1867.  This  last  building  is  capable  of  seating  three  hundred  persons,  and 
was  erected  at  a  cost  of  $7,000.  The  present  membership  is  about  seventy. 
The  Methodists,  who  are  usually  the  pioneers,  were  second  in  this  field. 
They  organized  their  society  the  next  year,  Avith  fifty-four  members,  which 
number  has  now  increased  to  114.  The  first  Pastor  of  the  church  was 
Rev.  William  C.  Cummings.  In  1866,  they  built  their  house  of  worship,  a 
neat  and  substantial  frame,  capable  of  seating  about  300,  at  a  cost  of 
$4,000.  In  1877,  they  erected  the  parsonage,  at  an  outlay  of  $1,000.  The 
Pastor  in  charge,  at  present,  is  Rev.  A.  C.  Price.  The  Baptist  Church  was 
organized  in  June,  1858,  with  Rev.  C.  D.  Merit  as  Pastor.  He  was  a  man  of 
much  merit,  and  continued  in  charge  of  the  church  for  many  years.  Under 
his  administration,  the  society  was  largely  built  up  in  numbers  and  influence; 
and,  resulting  largely  from  his  labors,  we  find  this  church  with  a  membership 
of  230. 


HISTORY  OF  AVOODFORD  COUNTY. 


433 


But  time  and  space  will  not  permit  an  extended  account  of  each  of  the 
eight  churches,  but  the  following  table  will  show  the  reader  the  leading  facts  in 
relation  to  all : 


Name   of  CHt'RCH. 

a 
a 

N 

s 

o 

FlBST    rASTOR. 

Building 
Erected. 

Size  op 
Building. 

< 
< 

Cost. 

p. 
s 

M 

ES 

s 

Present  Pastor. 

Presbyterian 

1856 
1857 
1858 
1865 
1865 
1868 
1870 

J.  M.  Brown 

1858 

300 
275 
300 
300 
300 
200 
250 
150 

7000 
4000 
4000 
3500 
5000 
2800 
1500 
600 

70 
114 
230 

75 
200 
150 

75 

20 

W.  S.  Markle. 

Methodist 

Baptist 

Christian 

W   C.  Cuuimings 

C.  D.  Merit 

1866i  32x56 
1  32x66 

A.  C.  Price. 
Geo.  Sutherland. 

R.  Roberts 

1867  40x52 
1865  40x65 
1868,  82x48 
1870  24x52 

F.  Gormerly. 
Father  Keetino'. 

Catholic 

Father  Keenan 

Lu  tb  eran 

J.  Newman 

A.  Schoenhuth. 

German  Baptist 

Second  Lutheran 

F.  Melchers 

F.  Melchers. 

Rev.  Bnrtiend 

C.  Weber. 



From  the  above,  it  will  be  seen  that  the  church  property  has  cost  the  differ- 
ent societies  nearly  thirty  thousand  dollars :  the  seating  capacity  of  the  ]mild- 
ings  is  about  two  thousand,  and  the  present  membership  is  near  six  hundred. 
Of  the  membership  cf  the  two  Lutheran  and  Catholic  societies,  only  an  esti- 
mate of  the  adult  membership   is   given,   as  their   method  is  to  compute  by 

families. 

COAL. 

Doubtless  the  greatest  interest  in  the  city  or  township,  aside  from  that  of 
farming,  is  that  of  coal  mining.  The  Minonk  Coal  Company  was  incorporated 
by  the  Legislature  in  1869.  The  project  was  originated  by  Dr.  Samuel  Ewers. 
The  first  Board  of  Directors  consisted  of  Frank  Burt.  H.  R.  Kipp,  M.  L. 
Newell,  J.  D.  Webber,  H.  C.  Dent,  Charles  Whittaker  and  Samuel  Ewers. 
The  last  named  was  the  first  President  and  Manager,  and  was  authorized  to 
solicit  stock.  The  amount  of  stock  was  at  first  fixed  at  $6,000,  the  shares 
being  $25  each.  The  whole  amount  was  soon  bought  and  paid  for.  Additions 
to  the  stock  were  occasionally  made  during  the  next  three  years,  and  the  first 
vein  of  coal  was  struck,  at  a  depth  of  314  feet  below  the  surface.  This  vein 
was  four  feet  in  thickness.  The  quality  of  the  coal,  however,  was  not  thought 
to  be  good  enough  to  work  ;  and  the  stock  was  sold,  and  a  new  company  formed 
under  the  following  Directors :  H.  R.  Kipp,  C.  Sharp,  Sr.,  Harrison  Simpson, 
Samuel  Work,  Frank  Burt,  Rev.  Mr.  Thompson,  Milton  Davison  and  Charles 
Whittaker.  This  company  went  to  work,  and,  at  an  additional  depth  of  239 
feet,  struck  a  second  vein  of  coal,  of  two  and  a  half  to  three  feet  in  thickness. 
They  had  expended  about  four  thousand  dollars,  which,  together  with  what  had 
previously  been  paid  out,  made  a  total  of  expenditures  of  nearly  six  thousand 
dollars.     At  this  juncture,  they  found  themselves  unable  to  proceed  further. 

It  was  then  that  an  arrangement  was  effected  with  Minor  T.  Ames,  of 
Chicago,  in  which  they  were  to  deed  to  him  a  controlling  interest,  with  the 
understanding  that  he  was  to  have  entire  control  of  the  company's  affairs  ;  that 
he  was  to  furnish  one-half  of  the  capital  to  put  the  enterprise  in  shape,  and  that 


434  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

the  company  should  furnish  the  other  half.  The  means  of  the  company,  how- 
ever, soon  gave  out,  and,  being  unable  to  keep  up  their  part  of  the  expenses, 
the  stock  vras  sold  for  §13,000.  This  stock  "was  bought  in,  and  a  new  company 
formed,  and  known  as  the  Chicago  k  Minonk  Coal  and  Coke  Company.  The 
new  company  at  once  set  about  putting  the  shaft  and  machinery  in  order,  so  as 
to  run  it  to  its  full  capacity.  The  amount  of  coal  raised  per  day  averages  about 
four  hundred  tons.  Mr.  Ames,  as  Superintendent  and  General  Manager,  is 
Avorking  about  three  hundred  hands.  The  quality  of  the  coal  mined  is  said  to 
be  most  excellent. 

THE    PRESS. 

Though  two  attempts  were  made,  some  years  ago,  to  establish  a  newspaper 
at  Minonk,  both  failed,  each  failure  producing  in  the  minds  of  patrons  a  meas- 
ure of  distrust  and  indiiference,  which,  added  to  the  fact  of  the  point  being  in  a 
remote  part  of  the  county,  rendered  an  enterprise  of  the  kind  doubly  difficult  of 
accomplishment.  However,  realizing  that  a  work  of  this  kind  was  really 
needed  here,  and  that  by  industry  and  energy  a  return  of  confidence  might  be 
secured,  Irving  Carrier,  in  1874,  set  about  in  earnest  to  establish  the  paper 
known  as  the  Minonk  Blade.  The  first  number  made  its  appearance  July  1, 
1874.  Its  present  popularity  was  not  gained  at  once ;  but,  like  most  new 
enterprises,  it  has  had  its  difficulties,  with  which  it  has  had  to  contend,  and, 
but  for  the  unceasing  labor  of  its  proprietors,  might  have  shared  the  fate  of  its 
predecessors. 

Mr.  Carrier  established  the  Blade  as  an  independent  paper.  As  he  scarcely 
realized  that  this  would  ever  be  more  than  a  local  paper,  he  conceived  that  it 
would  be  necessary,  in  order  to  secure  a  sufficient  support,  that  it  should  be 
made  acceptable  to  all  parties ;  and,  while  he  remained  proprietor,  it  continued 
neutral  in  politics.  He  continued  the  publication  for  two  years,  when  he  sold 
out  to  H.  0.  Hedge  ;  since  which  time  the  paper  has  been  Republican  in  poli- 
tics. In  November,  1877,  J.  M.  Fort,  nephew  of  Hon.  G.  L.  Fort,  assumed 
control  as  editor  and  proprietor,  Mr.  Hedge  remaining  in  connection. 

The  Blade  has  had  a  steadily  increasing  growth,  both  in  patronage  and 
popularity,  ever  since  its  beginning ;  and.  as  it  deserves,  is  well  supported,  both 
by  subscription  and  as  an  advertising  medium. 

A.,  F.   &  A.   M. 

Rob  Morris  Lodge.  No.  247,  of  Ancient,  Free  and  Accepted  Masons,  with 
J.  B.  Garrison  as  Worshipful  Master,  and  Samuel  C.  Carithers  and  Richard 
Chenowith  as  Wardens,  was  authorized  by  the  Grand  Lodge,  October  7,  1857. 
This  is,  comparatively,  one  of  the  "ancient"  lodges  of  the  State,  as  the  num- 
ber of  lodges  in  the  State,  at  present,  is  nearly  eight  hundred.  It  was  named 
after  the  venerable  "Poet  Mason."  Robert  Morris,  of  La  Grange,  Kentucky, 
who  has  made  his  namesake  many  pleasant  visits,  and  from  whom  it  has 
received  a  number  of  valuable  tokens  of  friendship  and  regard.     The  present 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  435 

membership  is  about  sixty.  The  officers  in  charge,  at  this  time,  are:  S.  Kid- 
der, W.  M.;  E.  Harris,  S.  W. ;  E.  Martin,  J.  W. ;  D.  Kerr,  S.  D. ;  J.  Ulyatt, 
J.  D.;  J.  K.  Perry,  Sec'y;  J.  Bixby,  Treas'r;  J.  Snyder,  Tyler,  The  reg- 
ular meetings  are  on  the  1st  and  3d  Wednesday  evenings  of  each  month. 

I.    0.    0.    F. 

A  lodge  of  this  order  was  established,  at  this  place,  October  28,  1868,  and 
is  known  as  Minonk  Lodge,  No.  377.  Its  first  principal  officers  and  charter 
members  were  S.  W.  Allen,  John  Morris,  John  Stoner,  John  Gmelich  and  S. 
W.  Barger.  This  institution,  though  comparatively  young,  has  increased  in 
numbers  quite  rapidly ;  and  numbers,  to-day,  about  seventy  members.  The 
present  officers  are  David  Kerr,  N.  G. ;  J.  Sankester,  V.  G. ;  Henry  Hinkle, 
Rec.  Sec'y;  G.  W.  Morris,  Finan.  Sec'y;  F.  Presinger,  Treas'r.  The  meet- 
ings are  held  on  Tuesday  evening  of  each  week. 

EDUCATION. 

The  citizens  of  Minonk  take  a  just  and  reasonable  pride  in  their  schools, 
and  lay  claims  to  superiority  in  this  regard.  In  this  matter,  they  have  been 
almost  always  unanimous  in  their  efiorts  to  make  the  system  thorough,  sparing 
neither  pains  nor  money  in  procuring  the  best  qualified  teachers,  and  providing 
every  means  to  make  the  schools  efficient,  that  money  would  command.  The 
foundation  of  the  system,  as  mentioned  on  another  page,  was  laid  in  1856.  In 
1857,  the  first  building  for  school  purposes  was  erected.  It  was  20x30  feet, 
and  cost  the  district  ^300.  In  this  was  installed,  as  first  teacher,  John  Peck. 
Mr,  Peck  was  a  man  who  has  been  eminently  a  pioneer  in  the  educational  field 
in  this  place,  as  on  the  completion  of  the  new  building,  some  years  later,  in 
1864,  he  was  recalled  as  its  first  principal.  Mr.  Peck  held  the  position  of 
Principal  of  Schools  in  several  of  the  towns  of  Woodford,  La  Salle  and  Mar-, 
shall  Counties,  and  his  last  work  was  as  Superintendent  in  the  last  named 
county.  The  number  of  pupils,  in  actual  attendance  at  the  schools,  is  about 
six  hundred.  These  are  all  accommodated  in  two  convenient  buildings.  The 
one  on  the  east  side  of  the  railroad  contains  five  rooms,  and  the  one  on  the  west 
side  two  rooms. 

The  teachers  employed,  are  seven  in  number.  E.  L.  Smith,  who  has  held 
the  position  for  the  last  three  years,  is  Principal. 

The  names  of  the  present  officers  of  the  Board  of  Education  are:  M.  L. 
Newell,  President;  A.  B.  Kipp,  Secretary;  R.  Newton,  S.  Kidder,  H,  K. 
Ferrin  and  Y.  Herman,  Directors. 

RETROSPECTIVE. 

That  truth  is  stranger  than  fiction,  is  well  illustrated  in  the  growth  of  some 
of  our  Western  cities,  which  spring  forth,  bud  and  blossom,  as  it  were,  in  a 
night.  Irving's  hero  of  Sleepy  Hollow  would  not  have  been  less  surprised,  had 
he  taken  his  twenty  years'  nap  in  the  vicinity  of  Minonk.     His  feelings  on 


436  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

awaking,  must,  indeed,  have  been  quite  similar.  Twenty  years  ago,  there  were 
less  than  a  hundred  persons  where  now  are  nearly  three  thousand.  Two  rail- 
roads are  here,  while  he'  must  have  remembered  but  one.  The  depot  is  larger 
and  has  changed  its  location.  Dobson's  little  store  is  gone  and  a  fine  brick  bank 
occupies  its  place.  The  coal-shaft  has  been  sunk.  Stores,  shops,  grain  eleva- 
tors, churches,  school  houses  and  dwellings  in  great  numbers  meet  the  sight. 
The  old  inn  remains,  but  the  changes  which  have  come  over  it  are  greater  than 
those  which  had  taken  place  in  that  other,  where  the  mystified  Van  Winkle  had 
formerly  taken  his  drinks  and  lounged  in  idleness  the  livelong  day. 

WOODFORD  STATION. 

The  village  of  Woodford  Station  was  laid  out  for  the  proprietor,  John  War- 
ren, in  1874,  and  a  switch  established  and  a  station-house  built  the  following 
year. 

Jacob  M.  Holder  was  appointed  agent,  and  has  held  the  position  ever  since. 

There  are  about  a  score  of  buildings  here. 

On  the  location  of  the  station  at  this  place,  Henry  Patton  opened  a  store ; 
and  the  Government  authorized  a  post  office,  of  which  Mr.  Patton  was  appointed 
Postmaster.  He  afterward  sold  out  to  Samuel  Kirk,  who  also  succeeded  Pat- 
ton as  Postmaster. 

The  place  also  contains  a  blacksmith  shop,  which  is  run  by  George  French, 
and  a  grain  elevator  operated  by  J.  Forney. 

The  village,  though  young  and  small,  does  a  proportion  of  business  equal  to 
that  done  by  other  towns  on  the  line  of  the  road. 

PALESTINE    TOWNSHIP. 

Palestine  is  bounded  on  the  north  by  Greene  Township,  on  the  east  by  El 
Paso,  on  the  south  by  Kansas,  on  the  west  by  Olio ;  and  the  taxable  property, 
in  1877,  was  assessed  at  $458,109.00. 

The  township  equals  any  other  section  of  the  county  in  the  adaptability 
of  its  lands  to  agricultural  pursuits,  and  contains  about  "  half  and  half"  of 
prairie  and  timber  of  the  very  best  quality. 

The  Toledo,  Peoria  &  Warsaw  Railroad  crosses  its  northern  frontier  from 
east  to  west,  and  aftbrds  a  convenient  outlet  for  the  superfluous  produce  of  the 
farming  community. 

Panther  Creek  flows  diagonally  through  it  into  the-  Mackinaw  River,  which 
runs  along  the  southern  boundary,  thus  supplying  most  excellent  drainage  of 
the  soil. 

EARLY    SETTLEMENT. 

Palestine  Township  can  boast  of  settlements  that  are  almost  as  early  as  any 
other  part  of  the  county.  Along  the  timber  of  Panther  Creek,  and  in  the 
Mackinaw  timber — as  the  place  is  still  called — settlements  were  made  as  early 
as  1831-32. 


^i^'^'im^ 


Oliver  A. Cayan 

PIONEER  OF  THE  VILLAGE  OF  BENSON  ILL. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  439 

One  among  the  first  comers  to  this  township  was  Francis  M.  Willis,  whom 
he  old  citizens  still  call  Uncle  Frank  Willis.  He  came  from  near  Frankfort, 
Ky.,  in  1829,  the  year  before  the  deep  snow,  and  at  first  settled  in  what  is  now 
Cruger  Township,  about  one  mile  from  the  village  of  Eureka.  In  a  few  years,  he 
bought  Moore's  Mill,  on  Panther  Creek.  This  transaction  Avas  made  the  year 
before  the  Black  Hawk  war.  He  had  a  great  deal  of  annoyance  from  the  In- 
dians, who  were  quite  disposed  to  steal  whenever  they  could  get  a  chance. 

He  laid  off  the  town  of  Bowling  Green,  about  five  years  after  he  brought 
the  mill.  This  mill  Avas  a  little  log  structure,  which  Mr.  Willis  very  much  im- 
proved by  adding  to  it,  and  for  a  number  of  years  it  was  the  only  mill  within  a 
radius  of  forty  or  fifty  miles.  He  was  a  man  who  had  traveled  a  good  deal,  and 
was  well  informed  on  all  the  general  questions  of  the  day. 

Mr.  Willis  died  in  1875 ;  and  his  widow  still  survives  him,  quite  an  active 
old  lady,  with  quite  a  distinct  remembrance  of  the  pioneer  days,  when  one  was 
forced  to  live  as  best  he  might. 

When  he  settled,  there  were  none  others  in  this  immediate  neighborhood, 
and  but  a  few  families  in  the  Walnut  Grove  settlement. 

James  M.  and  Aaron  Richardson  came  here  from  Indiana,  and  were  among 
the  very  earliest  in  this  part  of  Woodford  County.  The  Richardsons  were 
originally  from  Ohio,  but  James  M.  settled  in  Floyd  County,  Ind.,  where  he 
remained  some  time,  and  came  to  Illinois,  and  first  stopped  on  what  was  called  the 
John  Oatman  place,  in  1830.  This  was  in  the  Walnut  Grove  settlement.  A 
few  years  after,  he  opened  a  store  in  Bowling  Green,  the  first  in  Palestine  Town- 
ship, and  one  of  the  first  opened  in  what  afterward  became  Woodford  County. 
He  died  in  August,  1875;  but  his  widow  is  living,  and  resides  in  the  village  of 
Secor.  A  son,  A.  A.  Richardson,  lives  near  the  same  village,  and  is  School 
Treasurer  of  the  township. 

Aaron  Richardson  was  in  partnership  with  James  M.,  at  Bowling  Green, 
and,  Avhen  they  sold  out  at  that  place,  Aaron  went  to  Bloomington,  where  he 
opened  a  lumber  yard.  He  died,  after  he  had  been  there  some  time,  and  James 
went  down  and  remained  there  three  years,  settling  up  his  brother's  business, 
and  then  returned  to  Palestine  Township,  where  the  remainder  of  his  life  was 
spent. 

'•  UNCLE    JIMMY  "    ROBESON, 

as  he  is  familiarlly  called  by  everybody,  or  the  Rev.  James  Robeson,  came  from 
Hopkins  County,  Ky.,  in  1835,  and  settled  first  in  Walnut  Grove.  In  1836, 
he  removed  to  Washington,  and  stayed  there  five  months  ;  then  returned,  and 
settled  permanently  in  Palestine  Township,  on  Panther  Creek.  He  was  in  the 
mercantile  business  four  years,  at  Bowling  Green,  when  it  was  one  of  the  most 
prosperous  villages  in  Woodford  County.  He  then  bought  a  farm  just  on  the 
line  between  Olio  and  Palestine  Townships. 

When   Mr.   Robeson  settled  here,   Charles  Moore,   James  M.   and  Aaron 
Richardson  and  Francis  M.  Willis  were  about  all  in  this  section  of  the  town- 


440  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

ship,  Amos  and  Warren  AYatkins  lived  near  the  line  of  Olio  ;  David  and  Jacob 
Butcher  and  H.  Butler — whose  widow  now  lives  in  the  village  of  Secor — were 
living  in  Bowling  Green;  also,  Samuel  Arnold  and  "the  Widow"  Long  lived 
near  the  village,  and  Allen  Hart  lived  on  Palestine  Prairie. 

Mr.  Robeson  bought  his  farm  from  the  Richardsons,  which  he  cultivated  for 
many  years.  He  is  a  minister  and  has  been  preaching  the  Gospel  in  this 
county  for  forty-two  years.  Lives  at  present  in  the  village  of  Secor,  and  fail- 
ing health,  within  the  last  year,  has  compelled  him  to  rest  from  his  labors. 
His  work  is  almost  finished,  and  soon  he  will  receive  the  summons : 

"  Well  done,  thou  good  and  foithful  servant ; 
Enter  into  the  joys  of  thy  Lord." 

From  "Old  Virginia,"  the  population  of  Palestine  Township  was  increased 
by  Leven  P.  Hereford,  John  Van  Scyoc  and  the  Shepj^ards.  L.  P.  Hereford 
was  from  Louden  County,  and  came  to  Illinois  in  1836.  He  settled  first  in 
Washington,  Tazewell  County,  and  after  one  year,  removed  to  Clarke  County, 
111.,  where  he  remained  about  six  years.  In  1852,  he  settled  in  this  township, 
where  he  died,  in  December,  1876. 

Van  Scyoc  came  from  Marshall  County  to  Illinois,  in  1838,  and  settled  in 
this  township,  on  the  border  of  Palestine  Prairie,  and  where  he  spent  the  re- 
mainder of  his  life.  His  son,  Anderson  Van  Scyoc,  owns  the  old  homestead, 
and,  altogether,  some  1,000  acres  or  more  of  very  fine  land.  He  commenced 
his  battle  with  the  world  a  poor  man,  and  the  second  horse  he  ever  owned  he 
says  that  he  worked  at  fifty  cents  a  day  to  pay  for.  His  tax  receipt  for  1847, 
which  came  by  accident  to  our  view,  was  for  the  amount  of  $1.02.  Thirty 
years  have  passed  since  then,  and  doubtless  his  tax  receipts  run  far  up  into  the 
hundreds. 

The  Sheppards  were  also  from  Marshall  County,  but  of  them  we  know  but 
little. 

In  addition  to  those  already  named,  the  "Dark  and  Bloody  Ground"  sent 
to  the  "Holy  Land"  of  Palestine  Amos  and  Warren  Watkins,  Garnett  Arm- 
strong, Thomas  Tucker,  Wm.  Lucas  and  perhaps  others.  The  Watkinses  settled 
near  the  Olio  line,  and  by  some  are  said  to  have  been  in  Olio  Township. 
Garnett  Armstrong  was  born  in  Woodford  County,  from  which  this  county 
derived  its  name,  and  when  but  eighteen  years  old  went  with  his  father  to 
Indiana,  Avhere  they  remained  some  years.  Mr.  Armstrong  came  to  Illinois 
and  settled  in  Greene  Township,  just  north  of  Palestine,  in  1835,  where  he 
lived  until  1870,  when  he  removed  into  the  village  of  Secor,  and  where  he  at 
present  resides.  William  Lucas,  another  Kentuckian,  settled  on  Palestine 
prairie  in  1840.  Thomas  Tucker,  also  from  Kentucky,  settled  near  Allen 
Harts,  on  Palestine  prairie,  in  1837.  He  finally  sold  out  and  removed  to 
Missouri. 

J.  L.  Causey  came  from  Christian  County,  Ky.,  and  settled  in  Roanoke 
Township  in  1835.     He  was  originally  from   North   Carolina,  and  after  living 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  441 

some  time  in  Kentucky,  removed  to  Tennessee,  where  he  rem.ained  a  few  years 
and  then  came  to  Illinois.  He  lived  four  years  in  Versailles,  but  then  returned 
to  the  old  neighborhood  in  Roanoke,  where  he  died  in  1870.  He  was  a  black- 
smith, and  one  of  the  first  in  Woodford  County,  and  while  living  in  Versailles, 
he  shod  Mr,  Bullocks  horse  "  all  round  "  Avhen  "  Uncle  Tommy  "  was  making 
Woodford  County.  He  commenced  the  job  about  midnight,  made  the  shoes  and 
finished  it  just  at  daylight,  when  Mr.  Bullock  mounted  and  started  for  Spring- 
field with  his  petition  and  long  list  of  names  in  favor  of  a  new  county.  His 
son,  J.  L.  Causey,  lives  in  the  village  of  Secor,  and  was  old  enough,  when 
his  father  came  to  Illinois,  to  remember  all  the  trials  and  hardships  of  the 
pioneer  life  they  had  to  lead,  and  from  him  we  obtained  those  items  of  his 
father. 

From  the  Carolinas  were  Charles  Moore,  Ephraim  and  Samuel  Potter,  who 
settled  in  this  township  very  early.  Ephraim  Potter  was  born  in  Carolina, 
and  removed  to  Tennessee,  and  then  to  Indiana,  where  he  remained  a  number  of 
years.  In  1835,  he  came  to  Illinois,  and  settled  in  Palestine  Township.  He 
bought  a  claim  from  Jacob  Boylston,  and  entered  other  lands.  Who  Boylston 
was,  where  he  came  from  and  whither  he  went  we  do  not  know.  Mr.  Potter 
was  the  happy  father  of  eighteen  children.  He  died  in  1861,  and  his  widow 
still  lives  on  the  very  spot  where  her  husband  settled  forty-three  years  ago.  Samuel 
Potter,  a  brother  of  Ephraim,  came  to  Palestine  several  years  after  the  latter. 
INIrs.  Potter  says  deer  were  plenty  when  they  [came  here,  and  one  could  see 
numbers  of  them  across  the  prairie,  as  far  as  the  eye  could  reach. 

Charles  Moore  settled  in  the  vicinity  of  Bowling  Green,  near  the  line  of 
Olio,  where  he  built  a  little  mill,  which  was  the  first,  perhaps,  in  the  township, 
and  one  of  the  first  in  the  county,  and  which  he  afterward  sold  to  Francis  M. 
Willis.  Mr.  Moore  was  one  of  the  very  earliest  settlers  in  this  section.  A. 
M.  Pointer,  and  a  man  named  Holmes,  probably  from  Tennessee,  settled  in 
Palestine  about  1836-37,  near  where  Mr.  Hart  now  lives.  Pointer  removed  to 
Missouri  afterward,  and  Holmes  to  Iowa. 

John  G.  Mohr  came  from  Wurtemburg,  Germany,  to  the  United  States  in 
1818.  In  1836,  he  came  to  Illinois  and  settled  in  the  north  part  of  Palestine 
Township,  where  he  still  resides,  an  honored  and  respected  citizen,  and  one  of 
the  wealthy  and  solid  men  of  the  neighborhood. 

Allen  Hart  came  from  New  York,  the  old  Empire  State,  in  1836-7,  and 
settled  first  in  the  village  of  Hudson,  in  McLean  County,  where  he  remained 
one  year,  and  then  removed  to  this  township  and  settled  on  Palestine  prairie, 
where  he  still  lives  on  his  original  homestead.  He  has  a  fine  farm  and  one  of 
the  finest  orchards  in  the  county.  Mr.  Hart  states  that  deer  and  wolves  were 
exceedingly  plentiful  Avhen  he  settled  here,  and  at  night  the  latter  used  to  howl 
a  mournfully  discordant  lullaby,  to  lure  to  the  settlers 

"  Tii'ed  Nature's  sweet  restorer." 


442  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

But  these  "wild  beasts  of  the  forest,"  like  the  Indians  and  other  relics  of  the 
"bv-gone  days,"  are  passed,  and,  in  this  section,  may  now  be  numbered  with 
the  -'  things  that  Avere." 

THE    FIRST    MILL. 

Charles  Moore  built  a  mill — called  then  a  corn  cracker — in  the  vicinity  of 
Bowling  Green,  which  he  finally  sold  to  Francis  Willis.  This  is  supposed  to 
have  been  the  first  mill  in  this  section,  and  one  of  the  first,  if  not  the  very  first, 
in  the  county.  It  was  built  so  long  ago  that  no  one  now  remembers  the  date, 
but  probably  neai'ly  as  far  back  as  1830.  Henry  Meek  informed  us  that  he 
helped  put  the  first  log  into  it.  James  M.  and  Aaron  Richardson  built  a  mill 
on  Panther  Creek,  near  Bowling  Green,  about  1839,  Avhich  was  a  mill  of  good 
capacity,  did  fine  work  and  a  great  deal  of  it.  For  many  years,  it  was  the  chief 
mill  in  this  section  of  country. 

The  first  road  through  the  township  was  the  State  road,  and  which  is  men- 
tioned in  another  chapter,  on  the  authority  of  Mr.  Thomas  McCord,  of  being 
first  laid  out  by  dragging  a  log  through  the  tall  prairie  grass. 

Palestine  is  pretty  well  supplied  with  bridges  over  Panther  Creek  and  its 
tributaries.  As  to  the  date  of  the  first  ones  building,  we  are  unable  to  learn, 
but  ''reckon,"  as  these  Virginians  and  Kentuckians  would  say,  that  it  was  a 
long  time  ago. 

THE    FIRST    STORE. 

j  Among  the  first  stores  opened  in  Woodford  County  Avas  one  at  Bowling 

\  Green,  in  1837,  by  J.  M.  &  Aaron  Richardson,  as  already  noted.  This  was 
the  second  place  in  the  county  where  goods  were  sold,  and  was  so  soon  after 
Tucker's  store,  at  Hanover,*  as  to  pretty  well  divide  the  honor  with  that  place. 
Rev.  James  Robeson  opened  a  store  here  soon  after  the  Richardsons,  and,  with 
the  mills  above  noticed,  Bowling  Green  became  quite  a  business  point,  one 
of  the  best  in  the  surrounding  country. 

A  post  office  was  established  by  the  Richardsons,  who  were  live,  wide-awake 
business  men.  At  that  time  Bowling  Green  was  in  McLean  County,  and  tliev 
were  still  in  business  in  it  when  Woodford  County  was  formed.  This  was  the 
first  post  office  in  this  section,  but  it  did  not  last  many  years,  nor  did  it  do  much 
business,  as  most  of  the  Walnut  Grove  people  got  their  mail  at  Washington. 
Bowling  Green  flourished  for  a  number  of  years,  and  was  one  of  the  thriving  bus- 
iness points  of  the  country ;  but,  like  all  things  terrestrial,  it  had  its  time 
to  die.  The  place  that  once  knew  it  knows  it  no  more ;  its  parks  are  a  farm, 
its  public  square  a  potato  patch,  and  the  corn  grows  over  its  once  busy  streets. 
The  building  of  railroads  through  other  parts  of  the  country  and  the  springing 
up  of  ncAV  towns  and  villages  sealed  the  doom  of  such  places  as  Bowling  Green, 
remotely  situated  from  the  path  of  the  iron  horse. 

♦The  present  village  of  Metamora. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  443 

I 

BIRTH,  DEATH,  MARRIAGE. 

The  first  marriages  remembered  to  have  taken  place  in  Palestine  Township 
were  Josiah  Moore  to  Louisa  Patrick,  who  were  married  by  Rev.  John  Oatman, 
one  of  the  first  preachers  in  the  neighborhood.  And  out  on  Palestine  prairie, 
John  Denman  and  Rachel  Catton  married,  it  is  thought,  by  Rev.  Mr.  Dixon, 
about  1840,  is  supposed  to  be  the  first  on  the  prairie  and  on  that  side  of  the 
county,  at  any  rate.  As  to  the  first  births  and  deaths,  they  commenced  too 
early,  and,  like  Shakespeare's  woes,  crowded  so  fast  on  each  other's  heels,  that 
no  one  now  living  can  tell  who  was  the  first  to  open  their  eyes  on  a  new"  world, 
in  this  township,  or  the  first  one.  from  within  its  borders  to  cross  the  dark, 
unfathomable  river. 

The  Toledo,  Peoria  &  Warsaw  Railroad  was  built  through  Palestine  Town- 
ship in  1856.  It  Avas  first  known  as  the  Eastern  Extension  of  the  Peoria  & 
Oquawka  Railroad,  but  afterward  changed  to  its  present  title.  When  the  rail- 
road was  finished,  giving  the  people  an  outlet  for  their  grain  and  stock,  property 
of  all  kinds  in  the  township  advanced,  and  it  soon  became  one  of  the  most  pros- 
perous towns  in  the  county. 

THE    CHURCHES. 

If  Palestine  is  not  a  very  religious  town,  it  certainly  ought  to  be,  consider 

ing  its  facilities. 

*    *    *     *     <<  Nq  devious  step 
Leads  to  the  hallowed  shrine, 
Where  Religion,  from  her  jeweled  breast. 
Dispenses  light  divine." 

And  if  her  people  suifer  themselves  to  wander  away  after  "  strange  gods,"  it 
will  be  their  own  fault,  and  they  will  have  to  answer  the  charge  in  the  final  wind- 
up  of  everything.  The  town  has  six  church  edifices  within  its  borders,  and  two  or 
three  religious  organizations  more  than  there  are  buildings,  and  most  certainly  its 
people  cannot  lack  for  spiritual  training  and  consolation.  There  are  three 
churches  in  the  village  of  Secor,  and  three  others  on  Palestine  prairie. 

The  oldest  church  edifice  on  the  prairie  is  the  Chi'istian  Church,  which  was 
built  in  1873— i,  and  dedicated  in  June,  1874.  Rev.  Mr.  McCorkle  was  Pastor 
until  recently,  when  ill  health  compeled  him  to  resign  his  charge,  and  his  flock 
is  without  a  minister  at  present.  The  church  is  a  frame  building,  well  furnished, 
and  quite  a  handsome  edifice. 

The  German  Evangelical  Church  was  built  in  1875,  and  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Davis  is  Pastor.  It  is  a  handsome  frame  edifice  of  modern  architecture,  about 
36x44  feet.  It  was  dedicated  to  the  worship  of  God  November  8,  1875.  The 
Church  Society  is  flourishing  and  has  a  large  membership. 

The  Centennial  Chapel  was  built  in  1876,  by  the  Methodists  and  United 
Brethren  in  partnership,  and  they  use  it  in  common.  It  cost  $1,600,  and  is  a 
good  frame  building  set  on  a  stone  foundation — "'founded  on  a  rock."  Rev. 
Mr.  Friest  is  the  minister  of  the  United  Brethren  department,  and  Rev.  Asa 


444  HISTORY  OF  AVOODFORD  COUNTY. 

Sparks  of  the  Methodists.  There  is  quite  a  nice  little  cemetery  attached  to 
this  church,  and  the  handsome  gravestones  show  the  affection  of  surviving 
friends.  Betsey  Grant,  who  died  in  1845,  and  whose  husband  now  lives  in 
Kappa,  was  the  first  person  buried  in  it.  Rev.  John  Oatman  and  Rev.  James 
Robeson  are  supposed  to  have  been  the  first  preachers  to  proclaim  the  will  of 
their  Master  in  Palestine  Township. 

schools;,  etc. 

The  first  school  in  this  township  was  taught  by  Mrs.  Clement  Oatman.  at 
her  own  residence,  and  "Auntie"  Richardson  savs  it  was  forty-six  years  ago. 
Her  husband  lived  southwest  of  the  present  village  of  Secor,  and  there  she 
taught  school  at  this  remote  period,  which  was  many  years  before  a  school  was 
built  in  the  town,  or  in  Woodford  County.  The  first  school  house,  now  remem- 
bered, was  built  near  Warren  Watkins',  in  1844,  and  was  a  small  log  hut,  with 
stick  and  mud  chimney.  The  early  records  of  schools  in  this  township  were 
burned  in  the  fire  in  Secor,  when  the  large  brick  hotel  was  burned  (noticed 
elsewhere),  and  we  can  only  give  a  few  items  from  the  last  annual  report  of  A. 
A.  Richardson,  School  Treasurer,  to  the  County  Superintendent  of  Schools, 
which  are  as  follows  : 

No.  of  males  in  township  under  21  years 521 

No.  of  females  in  township  under  21  years 43-5 

Total 956 

No.  of  males  in  township  between  6  and  21  years 322 

No.  of  females  in  township  between  6  and  21  years 254 

Total 576 

No.  of  males  attending  school  in  township 317 

No.  of  females  attending  school  in  township 209 

Total 526 

No.  of  school  districts  in  township 7 

No.  of  school  houses  in  township 7 

No.  of  free  public  schools  sustained  iu  township 7 

No.'of  months  school  sustained 57j 

Average  months  school  sustained 8^ 

No.  of  male  teachers  employed  in  the  public  schools 8 

No.  of  female  teachers  employed  in  the  public  schools 11 

Total 19 

No.  of  private  schools  in  township 1 

No.  of  males  attending  private  school 16 

No.  of  females  attending  private  school 23 

No.  of  teachers  employed  in  private  school 1 

Estimate  value  of  school  property §6,000  00 

Estimate  value  of  school  apparatus 200  00 

Principal  of  township  fund 1,692  60 

District  tax  levy  for  support  of  schools 2.745  12 

Special  district  taxes  received 2,676  97 

Railroad  and  other  back  taxes  received 576  53 

Highest  monthly  wages  paid  any  teacher 60  00 

Highest  monthly  wages  paid  female  teachers 40  00 

Lowest  monthly  wages  paid  female  teachers 25  00 

Lowest  monthly  wages  paid  male  teachers 28  00 

Average  monthly  wages  paid  male  teachers 43  35 

Average  monthly  wages  paid  female  teachers 32  20 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  445 

The  seven  school  districts  of  Palestine  Township  are  all  supplied  with  good, 
substantial  frame  buildings,  accomplished  teachers,  and  their  schools  appear  to 
be  in  the  most  flourishing  condition. 

THE    HOLY    LAND. 

This  township  received  its  name  from  Palestine  prairie,  and  the  name  was 
given  to  this  magnificent  prairie  by  the  early  settlers,  perhaps  from  its  fiincied 
resemblance  to  the  Promised  Land  or  the  Holy  Land.  With  Panther  Creek 
forming  its  western  boundary,  Avhich  to  their  fascinated  gaze  probably  represented 
the  river  Jordan,  and  the  Mackinaw  flowing  along  its  southern  limits  represented 
— well,  the  Dead  Sea,  perhaps — as  they  stood  upon  the  confines  of  this  grand 
prairie,  one  of  the  finest  in  Central  Illinois,  with  its  slightly  rolling  land,  undu- 
lating like  billows  of  the  ocean  disturbed  by  the  gentle  swell,  we  could  not 
have  censured  their  rhapsody,  had  they  called  it  Paradise  or  Eden,  instead  of 
Palestine.  For  more  than  forty  years,  this  prairie,  lying  between  Panther 
Creek  and  the  Mackinaw  River,  has  borne  the  name  of  Palestine,  and  when 
the  county  was  formed  into  townships  in  1852,  its  name  was  given  to  Township 
26  north  of  Range  1  west,  and  1  east  of  Third  Principal  Meridian,  which  runs 
through  it.  After  township  organization,  the  first  Supervisor  of  Palestine  was 
Allen  Hart,  one  of  the  old  settlers  of  the  town,  and  a  respected  citizen.  The 
present  Supervisor  is  A.  Van  Scyoc,  one  of  the  largest  farmers  of  the  county, 
and  perhaps  the  largest  of  the  township. 

POLITICAL    AND    WAR    RECORD. 

As  a  political  township,  Palestine  has  ever  been  Democratic.  From  its 
organization  down  to  the  present  time,  it  has  not  given  other  than  a  Democratic 
majority  upon  national  or  political  issues,  where  party  questions  were  closely 
followed. 

During  the  war,  it  discharged  its  duty  as  valorously  as  other  sections  of  the 
county  and  State,  and  sent  forth  many  of  her  gallant  boys  to  assist  in  sustaining 
the  LTnion  their  fathers  fought  to  gain.  The  long  list  of  their  names  is  too 
much  for  these  pages.  Of  those  who  will  never  more  answer  roll-call  on 
earth,  we  say  Peace  to  their  ashes. 

"  For  them  no  more  the  blazing  hearth  shall  burn, 
Or  busy  housewife  ply  her  evening  care." 

VILLAGE  OF  SECOR. 

Secor  is  situated  on  the  Toledo,  Peoria  &  Warsaw  Railroad,  eight  miles 
west  of  the  city  of  El  Paso,  and  about  28  miles  east  of  Peoria,  and  claims  a 
population  of  700  inhabitants.  It  is  on  the  north  half  of  southwest  quarter, 
and  south  half  of  northwest  quarter  of  Section  5  of  the  township  ;  was  surveyed 
and  laid  out  by  D.  H.  Davison,  then  County  Surveyor  ot  Woodford  County, 
for  Isaac  Underbill  who  owned  the  land  on  which  the  village  is  located.  It  was 
incorporated  by  an  act  of  the  Legislature,  April  9,  1869,  and  the  first  Board  of 


446  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

Village  Trustees  were  Reuben  L.  Sidwell,  David  Gephart,  Henry  Dierking,  Geo. 
Thode  and  John  Noffsinger,  who  qualified  before  William  Crow,  a  Justice  of 
the  Peace.  The  Board  organized  for  business  by  electing  R.  L.  Sidwell,  Presi- 
dent, and  D.  C.  Smith,  Clerk.  The  present  Board  is  as  follows :  G.  B.  Hol- 
lenback,  President ;  Henry  Dierking,  Louis  Noffsinger,  James  Collins  and  Heye 
Johnson,  Clerk. 

THE    FIRST    HOUSE. 

The  first  house  in  the  village  of  Secor  was  built  by  E.  T.  Van  Alstine,  in 
1856,  the  same  year  the  road  was  built  through.  Jacob  Lahr,  a  German,  who 
came  from  Frankfort-on-the-Main,  in  1850,  and  to  Secor  in  1856,  built  the  sec- 
ond house  in  the  village.  He  was  a  blacksmith  by  trade,  and  opened  a  shop 
soon  after  his  arrival — the  first  in  the  village.  He  still  plies  his  vocation,  in 
a  few  yards  of  where  he  commenced  more  than  twenty  years  ago.  A  man 
named  Cannon,  an  old  settler,  and  whose  widow  is  still  living  near  the  place, 
built  the  third  house,  and  boarded  the  railroad  hands,  while  working  on  the  rail- 
road through  the  neighborhood. 

The  first  store  was  opened  by  Isaac  Underhill,  but  was  managed  and 
attended  to  by  Van  Alstine,  and  was  opened  as  soon  as  the  village  was  laid  out. 
They  also  kept  the  first  post  office,  which  was  established  soon  after.  G.  B. 
Hollenback  is  the  present  Postmaster. 

A  tavern  was  opened  by  a  man  named  Drosper,  in  1858,  which  was  the  first 
regular  place  of  entertainment  in  the  village.  There  had  been  some  boarding 
houses  previously,  but  nothing  bearing  the  name  of  tavern  or  hotel.  The  big- 
gest elephant  Secor  ever  saw,  outside  of  Barnum's  show,  was  the  magnificent 
brick  hotel  built  in  1862,  by  Isaac  Underhill.  He  owned  a  great  deal  of  land 
in  the  vicinity  of  the  village,  and  he  made  such  improvements  to  enhance  its 
value. 

The  hotel — which  would  have  been  quite  a  credit  to  Chicago  at  the  time 
it  was  erected — cost,  ^including  the  furnishing,  $48,000.  It  never  paid 
first  cost,  was  sold  under  trust  deed,  and  in  1874,  was  burned,  with  but 
little  insurance  on  it,  and  thus  the  loss  was  considerable.  Another  object  in 
building  such  a  hotel,  it  is  said,  was  an  inducement  for  the  county  seat  to  be 
removed  to  this  place.  We  do  not  know  how  true  the  report  may  be,  but  pre- 
sume it  is  correct,  as  it  seems  to  be  a  settled  fact  that  every  village,  town  and 
hamlet  in  the  county  keeps  out  a  standing  solicitation  for  the  Court  House  re- 
moval to  its  own  location. 

THE    FIRST    SCHOOL    HOUSE 

in  the  village  of  Secor  was  built  in  1857,  and  it  is  supposed  that  a  man  named 
Hendon  taught  the  first  school  in  it.  The  building  was  a  small  frame,  and  after 
a  time  was  sold  for  a  dwelling,  and  a  large  school  house  built  in  1860.  Two 
years  later,  an  addition  was  built  to  it,  at  a  total  cost  of  about  $2,000.     Misses 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  447 

Felter  and  Brown  are  the  present  teachers,  and  through  the  Winter  session  the 
pupils  number  nearly  150. 

Sidwell  &  Carroll  built  the  fine  steam  flour-mill,  in  1869  ;  and  it,  together 
with  the  excellent  grain  elevator  attached  to  it,  which  was  built  some  years  pre- 
viously, cost,  complete,  $24,000.  The  mill  has  three  run  of  buhrs,  is  two  and 
one-half  stories  high,  frame  building,  with  good  stone  foundation.  The  eleva- 
tor is  on  a  similar  foundation,  and  holds  about  20,000  bushels  of  grain.  The 
mill  and  elevator  is  at  present  owned  by  Laurence  Gassier,  an  extensive  grain 
dealer. 

Peter  Crow  built  a  good  grain  elevator  some  years  previous  to  the  one  above 
mentioned,  Avhich  has  a  capacity  of  about  10,000  bushels.  It  is  at  present  the 
property  of  Mrs.  N.  R.  Smith,  whose  husband  was,  some  years  ago,  one  of  the 
largest  grain  dealers  in  the  county,  and  did  a  large  business  in  grain  and  pork 
at  Spring  Bay,  but  met  considerable  reverses  in  pork  afterward.  Thomas  Pat- 
terson rents  the  elevator,  and  handles  grain  quite  extensively  at  this  place. 

THE    CHURCHES. 

There  are  three  churches  in  the  village  of  Secor,  viz.:  Methodist,  Chris- 
tian and  Lutheran. 

The  Christian  Church  Avas  the  first  one  built  after  the  laying  out  of  the  vil- 
lage. It  is  a  frame  building,  cost  $1,400,  and  was  built  and  opened  for  wor- 
ship in  1862.  Rev.  James  Robeson  was  the  first  preacher,  and  its  only  regular 
Pastor  until  within  the  past  year,  when  failing  health  caused  him  to  resign  the 
charge.  Rev.  Mr.  Gormley  is  the  present  Pastor,  and  has  a  membership  of 
about  150. 

The  Lutheran  Church  was  built  in  1864-5,  under  the  ministerial  labors  of 
Rev.  Mr.  Stewer,  who  was  its  first  Pastor,  It  cost  about  $1,000,  Rev,  Mr, 
Giesecker  is  Pastor.  Has  about  forty  members,  and  a  parsonage  which  cost 
1700. 

The  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  was  built  in  1865-6,  at  a  cost  of  $2,000. 
It  is  a  frame  building  about  36x44  feet,  and  a  well-built,  modern-finished 
edifice.  Rev.  Mr.  Webber  is  the  minister,  and  he  has  a  large  and  flourishing 
membership. 

Years  ago  there  was  a  Masonic  Lodge  in  the  village,  but  in  the  heavy  fire, 
in  which  the  fine  hotel,  already  alluded  to,  was  burned,  the  Lodge  lost  its  hall, 
jewels,  furniture,  etc.,  and  has  not  yet  recovered  sufficiently  from  their  severe 
loss  to  even  think  of  resuming  work,  but  have  remained  dormant  since  the  loss. 

PARKS    AND    CEMETERY. 

A  feature  of  interest  and  beauty  in  connection  with  the  village  is  the  public 
square,  or  park.  It  occupies  about  a  block,  and  is  thickly  planted  in  silver 
poplars  and  soft  maples,  which  have  attained  to  a  size  large  enough  to  interlock 
their  branches  above,  thus  forming  a  most  delightful  shade.      Another  little 


448  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

park  (as  they  call  it),  oval  in  shape,  was  laid  out  in  front,  and  just  across  the 
street  from  the  Grand  Hotel.  It  is  still  a  lovely  spot,  with  a  pretty  lattice  fence 
around  it,  summer  house  in  the  center,  and  elegantly  set  in  flowers  and  orna- 
mental shrubbery  ;  it  is  altogether  a  beautiful  place. 

The  cemetery  of  the  village,  and  just  out  a  little  way  southeast,  is  a  very 
pretty  little  burying  ground.  In  addition  to  the  flowers,  shrubs  and  evergreens, 
planted  by  loving  hands  over  departed  friends,  there  is  quite  a  number  of  young 
forest  trees,  which  very  materially  add  to  the  beauty  of  the  place.  A  substan- 
tial fence  enclose  the  grounds  ;  the  lots  are  well  set  in  grass,  and  the  marble 
columns  and  slabs  show  the  afiection  of  the  living  for  the  dead. 

The  general  business  aspect  of  Secor  is  about  as  follows :  Three  general 
stores — Henry  Dierking,  Rudolph  Harisien  and  G.  B.  Hollenbach,  who  is  the 
present  Postmaster ;  two  grocery  stores — Henry  Stewart  and  Chas.  Brauns ; 
one  drug  store — Ed.  Hereford  ;  two  saloons ;  two  doctors — P.  L.  Tribbey  and 
R.  A.  Martin  ;  two  blacksmith  shops — Jacob  Lahr  and  Stephen  Arnold  ;  Heye 
Johnson,  butcher  shop^  and  two  lumber  yards  by  Hiram  Fleshner  and  Walter 
Rayburn.  A  full  corps  of  milliners  and  dressmakers  supply  the  femininity 
with  all  the  pretty  gewgaws  with  which  to  deck  their  pretty  selves. 

The  name  of  Secor  was  given  the  village  in  honor  of  a  gentleman  who  was 
one  of  the  first  Board  of  Directors  of  the-  railroad ^and  who  took  an  active  part 
in  putting  the  project  through. 

BOWLING    GREEN 

is  another  village  "that  was,  but  is  not."  It  Avas  in  the  extreme  southwest 
corner  of  the  township,  and  some  forty  years  ago  was,  perhaps,  one  of  the  most 
thriving  business  places  in  the  country  around.     But 

"  The  leaves  of  the  oak  and  Ihe  willow  shall  fade, 
Be  scattered  around  and  together  be  laid  ; 
And  the  young  and  the  old,  and  the  low  and  the  high. 
Shall  moulder  to  dust  and  together  shall  lie." 

It  has  utterly  passed  out  of  existence,  and  not  a  landmark  remains  to  tell 
where  the  village  once  stood,  but  its  entire  limits  are  a  highly  cultivated  farm. 
Passe. 

MONTGOMERY  TOWNSHIP. 

This  town  is  in  the  extreme  southern  part  of  the  county,  and  is  bounded  on 
the  south  by  McLean  County,  west  by  Tazewell  County,  north  by  Cruger 
and  Olio  Townships  and  east  by  Kansas,  and  is  well  watered  and  drained  by 
the  Mackinaw  River,  Mud,  Rock  and  Walnut  Creeks.  It  has  very  little  prairie 
with  a  great  deal  of  timber,  but  a  good  large  quantity  of  very  fine  farming 
lands.  It  is  known  as  Township  25  north,  Ranges  1  and  2  west  of  the  Third 
Principal  ISIeridian ;  and  had  an  assessed  valuation  of  property,  in  1877,  of 
^306,850.00. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  449 


SETTLEMENTS. 


The  first  settlement  in  Montgomery  Township  is  supposed  to  have  been  made 
by  Jacob  Ellis,  in  1829.  He  came  here  from  Missouri,  and  in  tlie  Fall  of  the 
year  mentioned  made  a  settlement  in  the  southeastern  part  of  the  town.  After 
remaining  a  short  time,  he  sold  out  his  claim  and  finally  removed  to  Oregon. 

John  Harbard  settled  here  very  soon  after  Ellis.  He  came  from  Missouri 
also,  was  a  son-in-law  of  Ellis,  and  when  the  latter  went  to  Oregon  Harbard 
went  with  him. 

These  parties,  it  is  believed,  put  up  the  first  cabin  in  the  township,  or  what 
is  now  Montgomery  Township. 

•Tames  V.  Phillips  was  born  in  Overton  Co.,  Tenn.,  and  came  to  Illinois  in 
1828,  and  settled,  first  in  Dry  Grove,  then  Tazewell,  but  now  McLean  County. 
In  1832,  after  the  close  of  the  Black  Hawk  war,  he  removed  to  this  township,  and 
settled  in  the  east  part  of  it.  He  first  settled  on  government  land,  but  after- 
ward and  as  soon  as  it  came  into  market,  entered  40  acres  at  the  regular  gov- 
ernment price,  $1.25  per  acre.  His  father  was  a  soldier  in  the  war  of  1812, 
and  died  of  sickness  while  in  the  service.  Mr.  Phillips  himself  was  in  the 
Black  Hawk  war,  and  served  under  under  Gen.  Stillman.  He  participated  in 
the  battle  of  Sycamore,  or  Old  Man's  Creek,  which  has  passed  into  history  as 
''  Stillman's  defeat."  The  battle  ground  was  a  little  north  of  the  present  city 
of  Dixon.  He  served  only  forty-four  days,  but  says  he  received  his  satisfaction 
of  a  soldier's  life  in  that  short  time,  and  won  all  the  glory  of  battle  he  desired 
at  Stillman's  defeat ;  that  such  close  quarters  was  not  at  all  to  his  liking,  as  he 
could  see  no  good  place  to  dodge  bullets,  and  that  their  keen  whistling  in  close 
proximity  to  his  ears  was  not  just  the  music  he  most  enjoys. 

Daniel  Allison,  from  Ohio,  settled  in  this  township  north  of  the  present 
village  of  Farnisville,  in  1831,  the  year  before  the  Black  Hawk  war,  and  where 
he  lived  until  his  death,  which  occurred  some  ten  or  twelve  years  ago.  A  son 
lives  on  the  old  homestead  at  present. 

A  man  named  Wilson,  whose  first  name  could  not  be  ascertained,  settled  at 
what  is  called  Slabtown,  about  1830,  where  he  remained  for  a  number  of  years, 
built  a  cabin  and  made  a  clearing. 

Lewis  Stephens  came  from  Ohio,  in  1833,  and  settled  near  Phillips,  where 
he  entered  land  and  spent  the  remainder  of  his  days. 

A  son  now  lives  on  the  place  where  his  father  settled  forty-five  years  ago  ; 
and  another  son,  Adam  Stephens,  the  present  Supervisor  of  Montgomery  Town- 
ship, lives  in  the  immediate  neighborhood. 

William  C.  Moore,  another  Ohioan,  settled  at  what  was  called  Buftalo 
Heart's  Grove,  in  Sangamon  County,  in  1812.  About  1826-27,  he  settled 
near  the  present  village  of  Eureka,  and,  after  about  four  years,  moved  to  the 
mill  near  Bowling  Green,  in  Palestine  Township.  He  remained  here  a  short 
time  then  removed  into  El  Paso  Township,  and   finally  settled  in  Montgomery, 


450  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

where  he  died,  and  where  two  sons,  James  and  Josiah,  live  at  present ;  another 
son,  Adam,  lives  in  Kansas  Township. 

James  Vance  came  from  Christian  County,  K3-.,  and  settled  in  Montgomery 
Township  in  the  Fall  of  1835.  He  had  but  two  sons,  Andrew  and  Peter  H. 
Vance,  the  former  of  whom  is  at  present  living  in  McLean  County,  while  the 
latter  lives  near  the  old  homestead  of  his  father.  The  elder  Vance  Avas  the  first 
Supervisor  of  the  township,  and  a  man  much  respected  by  all  who  knew  him. 
Peter  H.  Vance  was  but  19  years  old  when  his  father  removed  to  Illinois,  and, 
some  years  later,  went  to  the  Galena  mines,  where  he  was  quite  successful  in 
making  money.  He  finally  returned  to  this  township,  married  a  daughter  of 
Rev.  Peyton  Mitchell,  the  pioneer  Presbyterian  preacher,  and  permanently 
settled  where  he  now  lives.  He  is  what  may  very  justly  be  termed  a  successful 
farmer — owns  1,600  acres  of  land,  is  very  highly  esteemed,  and  is  one  of  the 
solid  men  of  his  neighborhood  and  of  the  county.  He  has  been  a  Justice  of  the 
^eace  for  twenty-four  years,  and  was  Supervisor  of  the  town  seven  years. 

When  the  Vances  settled  here  in  1835,  they  found  already,  in  what  now 
comprises  Montgomery  Township,  the  following  settlers,  viz.:  Jacob  Ellis,  Isaac 
Stout,  John  Harbard,  Lewis  Stephens,  James  V.  Phillips,  John  and  Thomas 
Brown,  Christian  and  Peter  Farni,  Daniel  Allison,  Joseph  Gingerich  and  James 
Harlan.  So  far  as  can  now  be  remembered,  these  were  all  then  living  in  the 
present  limits  of  the  township.  Isaac  Stout  and  the  Browns  were  from  Ten- 
nessee, and  settled  in  this  township  as  early  as  1832-3.  John  W.  Brown 
settled  east  of  "  Uncle  Jimmy"  Phillips,  and,  about  1840,  removed  to  Missouri, 
where  he  died  a  few  years  ago.  Christian  and  Peter  Farni  came  here  from 
Canada,  but  were  natives  of  France,  and  were  1)orn  in  either  Lorraine  or  Alsace. 
Peter  died  early,  but  Christian  was  quite  a  prominent  man  in  the  settlement, 
and  amassed  considerable  property,  but  through  mismanagement  lost  much  of  it. 
Joseph  Gingerich  came  from  Germany,  and  settled  at  Farnisville  about  1833, 
built  a  mill,  and  engaged  extensively  in  that  business. 

James  Harlan  was  from  Kentucky,  and  came  to  Illinois  in  1833-4,  and 
settled  in  Montgomery  Township,  where  he  lived  many  years.  A  son  of  his  is 
at  present  an  extensive  grain  dealer  in  the  village  of  Cruger,  in  the  township  of 
same  name. 

Henry  M.  Robinson  came  from  Ohio,  in  1838,  and  settled  first  in  Tazewell 
County,  and  in  1842  settled  on  his  present  beautiful  place.  He  has  about  two 
thousand  six  hundred  acres  of  land,  and  is  the  largest  land  owner  and  the  most 
extensive  cattle  dealer  in  the  county.  Mr.  Robinson  says  that  "  fncle  Joe  " 
Meek,  of  Olio  Township,  is  the  only  man  he  ever  knew  of  whom  no  man  could 
with  just  cause  speak  a  disrespectful  word.  His  father,  James  Robinson,  was 
born  in  Virginia,  and  was  a  Colonel  in  the  War  of  1812.  His  grandfather  was 
one  of  the  proprietors  of  the  town  of  Clarksburg,  Va.,  and  the  first  merchant  in 
the  place.  He  was  also  the  fii'st  merchant  to  introduce  the  sale  of  coffee  in  that 
section  of  the  State. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  451 


THE  SOWARDSES. 


We  have  heard  of  this  people  in  nearly  every  section  of  Woodford  County, 
and  among  the  earliest  settlers.  In  Montgomery,  as  in  almost  every  other  town- 
ship, we  find  traces  of  this  ubiquitous  family,  and  hear  of  them  away  back  at  a 
very  remote  period.  "The  Sowards  cabins"  seem  to  have  been  for  years  a 
kind  of  landmark  in  this  settlement,  but  no  one  can  tell  much  about  the 
family — when  they  came  to  the  neighborhood,  where  from,  how  long  they 
remained,  or  where  they  went  on  leaving. 

There  may  have  been  other  old  settlers  in  what  is  now  Montgomery  Town- 
hip,  who  came  here  at  an  early  date  and  are  entitled  to  special  mention,  but 
their  names,  if  such  there  be,  have  escaped  our  notice. 

CHURCH    ORGANIZATIONS. 

The  first  religious  society  organized  in  this  town  was  of  the  Baptist  denomi 
nation,  and  was  formed  at  the  residence  of  Mr.  James  Vance,  in  the  Spring  of 
1838,  and  is  supposed  to  have  been  the  first  Baptist  organization  in  Woodford 
County.  It  was  formed  under  the  pastoral  charge  of  Rev.  Isaac  Newell,  the 
first  Baptist  minister  in  this  part  of  the  country,  and  consisted  originally  of 
nine  members,  five  of  whom  are  still  living,  viz.:  Widow  of  James  Vance, 
Andrew  and  Peter  H.  Vance,  Mrs.  E.  B.  Mitchell  and  Mrs.  F.  H.  Boggs. 
After  the  society  had  been  organized  a  little  Avhile,  they  had  services  alternately 
at  the  residence  of  Mr.  Vance  and  Mr.  Henry  Clarke,  an  old  settler  in  the 
neighborhood  of  Versailles.  The  society  finally  divided,  and  those  living  up 
near  Versailles  formed  another  society  nearer  home,  while  the  other  portion  con- 
tinued to  worship  at  Mr.  Vance's  and  in  the  school  house,  until  about  three 
years  ago,  when  they  built  a  church  in  the  village  of  Danvers,  in  McLean 
County. 

A  church  of  the  New  Ormish  Society  was  built  at  Farnisville  four  years  ago. 
It  is  a  frame  building,  and  quite  a  neat  little  edifice.  Rev.  Michael  Zimmer- 
man is  the  Pastor  in  charge,  and  is  assisted  by  one  or  two  local  preachers.  The 
United  Brethren,  as  they  are  called,  built  a  church  in  the  western  part  of  the 
town  about  1866-7,  where  they  have  quite  a  large  and  flourishing  society. 
Rev.  Mr.  Lord  was  the  Pastor  in  1877.  The  first  sermon  ever  preached  in 
Montgomery  is  supposed  to  have  been  delivered  by  Rev.  John  Dunham,  who 
was  one  of  the  pioneer  preachers  of  this  section  of  the  country.  Mr.  P.  H. 
Vance  informed  us  that,  in  an  early  day,  when  churches  were  somewhat  scarcer 
than  now,  they  used  to  go  to  Washington,  Bloomington,  Walnut  Grove  and 
Roanoke  to  church  regularly.  They  would  harness  up  their  wagons  and  drive 
to  church  on  Sunday  mornings  and  home  again  in  the  evening. 

SCHOOLS,  SCHOOL    HOUSES,  ETC. 

Mary  Ann  Brown  taught  a  school  in  1843-4,  in  a  little  log  house  built  for 
a  residence,  but  vacated,  which  stood  near  where  James  V.  Phillips  lives,  and 


452  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 

is  set  down  as  the  first  school  kept  in  the  township.  Wm.  C.  Moore  taught  in 
the  same  house  soon  after,  and  is  thought  by  some  to  have  taught  before  Mary 
Ann  Brown,  but  "a  preponderance  of  the  evidence,"  as  the  lawyers  say,  is  in 
favor  of  Mary  Ann  Brown,  and  we  give  her  the  credit.  Anothei'  school  was 
taught  after  this,  in  a  little  house  that  stood  near  where  Adams  Stephens  now 
lives.  The  first  regular  school  house  in  the  township  was  bought  at  Bowling 
Green,  and  moved  into  Montgomery,  where  it  was  for  some  time  used  for  school 
purposes.  The  school  records  show  that  the  first  Board  of  School  Trustees 
was  James  Vance,  James  V.  Phillips  and Kessler ;  that  they  elected  Will- 
iam C.  Moore,  Treasurer,  and  surveyed  and  valued  the  school  lands  of  the  town. 
The  last  annual  report  of  Christian  Imhoff,  School  Treasurer  at  present, 
shows  the  following  facts  : 


r 


No.  of  males  in  township  under  21  years  of  age 189 

No.  of  females  in  township  under  21  years  of  age 175 

Total 364 

No.  males  in  township  between  6  and  21  years 136 

No.  females  in  township  between  6  and  21  years 117 

Total 253 

Whole  No.  of  males  attending  school  in  township 105 

Whole  No.  of  females  attending  school  in  township 83 

Total 188 

No.  of  School  Districts  in  township 6 

No.  of  public  schools  taught  in  township 6 

Average  No.  of  months  taught 6j*^ 

No.  male  teachers  employed  in  the  schools 5 

No.  female  teachers  employed  in  the  schools 2 

Total 7 

Estimated  value  of  school  property §1,800.00 

Township  fund  for  support  of  schools 1,057.43 

Interest  on  township  fund  received 104.71 

Special  tax  received 1,459.97 

Total  amount  received  from  all  sources  to  September  1,  1877 2,522.-50 

Highest  monthly  wages  paid  male  teachers 50.00 

Highest  monthly  wages  paid  female  teachers 40.00 

Lowest  monthly  wages  paid  any  teacher 35.00 

Average  wages  paid  male  teachers 41.40 

Average  wages  paid  female  teachers 38.08 

Whole  amount  paid  teachers  during  year 1,631.58 

The  schools  of  nine  sections  of  Montgomery  are  reported  with  Deer  Creek 
Township  in  Tazewell  County,  into  which  this  little  corner  of  Montgomery 
Township  extends.  Good,  substantial  frame  scliool  houses,  conveniently  located, 
and  comfortably  furnished,  and  with  the  best  of  teachers,  the  schools  of  the  town 
cannot  be  otherwise  than  in  a  flourishing  condition. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  453 

BIRTHS,    DEATHS,    MARRIAGES. 

Margaret  Phillips,  a  daughter  of  James  V.  Phillips,  born  January  5,  1864, 
was  probably  the  first  white  child  born  in  Montgomery  Township.  The  first 
death  which  occurred  in  the  settlement  is  supposed  to  have  been  one  of  the  Far- 
nis.  The  date  of  his  death  could  not  be  ascertained,  but  was  so  long  ago  that 
all  the  old  settlers  surviving  to-day  can  scarcely  remember  it.  Among  the  first 
marriages  may  be  noted  those  of  James  V.  Phillips,  Martin  Ellis,  both  of  Avhom 
lived  in  this  township,  but  neither  one  married  here.  Philips  and  Ellis  were  in 
the  Black  Hawk  war,  and  married  soon  after  their  return  home,  which  was  in 
the  Summer  of  1832.  The  first  marriage  solemnized  in  the  township,  the  high 
contracting  parties  were  Ebenezer  Mitchell  and  Rachel  R.  Vance,  and  the  mar- 
riage ceremony  was  performed  by  Rev.  John  Dunham  on  the  26th  of  May, 
1836.  John  Harbard,  noticed  as  one  of  the  very  earliest  settlers,  was  a  black- 
smith and  the  first  in  the  town  to  work  at  that  business.  He  kept  a  shop  at  his 
own  house,  and  for  several  years  was  the  only  blacksmith  in  the  neighborhood. 

STORES    AND    MILLS. 

The  first  store  in  the  township  was  kept  by  the  Minor  Brothers,  at  Avhat  is 
now  called  Farnisville,  about  1850.  Soon  after  this  store  was  opened  by  the 
Minors,  Frederick  Niergart,  now  of  Bloomington,  opened  one  at  the  same  place, 
and  an  old  man,  whose  name  could  not  be  learned,/^~ened  a  store  across  the 
river  from  the  others,  and  the  section  became  (|uite  flourishing.  A  mill,  the  first 
in  this  part  of  the  country,  was  built  at  this  point  on  the  Mackinaw  River,  in 
M835,  by  Joseph  Gingerich  and  Christian  (Farni.  At  first  it  was  a  saw-mill 
only,  but  afterward  an  addition  was  made  lo  it  and  machinery  put  in  for  grintb:^ 
ing  wheat  and  corn.  Years  after,  the  Minors  got  hold  of  it,  rebuilt  it,  and  piiTin 
a  great  deal  of  new  machinery,  with  three  runs  of  buhrs,  and  made  a  No.  1  mill  of 
it.  A  firm  by  the  name  and  title  of  Carey  &  Butkin,  from  St.  Louis,  put  up  a 
distillery  here  about  the  year  1847,  which  did  a  large  business  for  several  years  ; 
they  also  put  up  a  grist-mill  to  grind  their  own  grain  for  the  distillery.  But 
having  no  capital  of  their  own,  Farni  endorsed  for  them  to  a  large  amount,  and 
had  to  pay  it,  which  crippled  him  financially  to  a  considerable  extent.  The 
distillery,  together  Avith  the  mill  attached  to  it,  was  burnt  before  the  war,  which 
was  another  heavy  loss  to  Farni.  A  few  years  afterward,  Farni  opened  a  dis- 
tillery on  the  underground  plan,  Avas  detected,  arrested  and  taken  to  Chica'^-o, 
where  the  whole  course  of  red  tape  to  Avhich  he  Avas  subjected  cost  him  some- 
thing like  a  thousand  dollars  more. 

THE  VILLAGES 

of  Montgomery  Township  are  Farnisville  and  SlabtoAvn,  both  of  which  are 
situated  on  the  MackinaAv  River,  Avith  only  that  tui'bid  stream  rolling  betAveen 
them.     Neither  of  them  Avill  compete  in  size  Avith  Ncav  York  or  Chicago,  but 


454  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

are  the  largest  this  township  boasts.  Farnisville  is  on  the  south  bank  of  the 
Mackinaw,  and  was  named  for  the  Farnis,  -who  owned  the  land  upon  which  it  is 
located.  In  point  of  size  and  importance,  it  has  not  yet  reached  the  dignity  of 
town  or  village,  and  scarcely  that  of  a  hamlet.  One  little  store,  kept  by  A, 
Habeck,  a  school  house,  an  elegant  little  church,  of  the  New  Ormish  persuasion, 
mentioned  in  another  page,  and  some  half  dozen  residences  comprise  the  town. 
The  mill  is  gone,  the  distillery  has  disappeared,  all  the  stores,  save  the  one 
above  alluded  to,  are  passed  away,  and  the  little  hamlet  looks  as  lonely  as  a 
weeping  willow  tree  by  moonlight.  A  magnificent  iron  bridge  spans  the  Macki- 
naw here,  connecting  Farnisville  and  Slabtown.  The  latter  place  received  its 
name  from  the  first  and  only  store  kept  in  the  place,  and  which  was  opened 
soon  after  those  across  on  the  other  side,  by  an  old  man,  who  kept  but  a  small 
stock  of  goods,  in  a  little  cabin,  weathei'-boarded  with  slabs  from  the  saw-mill. 
Hence  the  name  of  Slabtown.  Years  and  years  have  passed  since  goods  were 
sold  in  the  little  slab  cabin,  and  there  are  now  but  two  or  three  houses  on  this 
side  of  the  river,  but  the  name  of  Slabtown  is  jnst  as  well  known  in  this  imme- 
diate section  as  the  name  of  the  township  itself  In  the  flourishing  days  of  the 
Minors,  a  post  office  was  established  by  them  at  Farnisville,  which  continued 
some  four  or  five  years,  and  was  then  suspended,  and  at  the  present  time  there 
is  not  a  post  office  in  the  township. 

The  first  bridge  in  the  town  was  built  over  the  Mackinaw  River  near  the  old 
village  of  Bowling  Green,  about  1849-50,  and  was  a  wooden  structure,  very 
good  of  the  kind,  but  a  poor  substitute  for  the  splendid  iron  bridges  of  the 
present  day.  Last  Winter,  the  township  had  an  iron  bridge  thrown  across  the 
Mackinaw  at  Farnisville,  which  cost  $4,100,  and  is  a  model  of  excellence  and 
a.  source  of  great  benefit  and  accommodation  to  the  citizens  generally. 

WAR  AND  POLITICS. 

As  a  singular  circumstance,  and  one  deserving  of  note  in  the  history  of 
Woodford  County,  Montgomery  Township  is  Republican,  and  on  national 
(juestions,  wherein  the  full  strength  of  a  party  vote  is  brought  out,  the  town 
goes  about  two  to  one  Republican.  The  war  record  was  good,  and  many  of 
the  brave  citizens  of  the  township  left 

"  The  plow  in  the  niicl-furrow  stayed," 

and  rushed  forth  to  the  wars  to  do  battle  for  "  the  Constitution  as  it  is,  and  the 
Union  as  it  was."  Every  quota  was  made  up,  as  soon  as  ordered,  but  one, 
which  caused  a  draft  of  a  few  men,  but  all  other  calls  were  filled  without  a  draft. 
We  have  heard  of  none  of  them,  however,  distinguishing  themselves  beyond 
regular  soldiers  of  the  rank  and  file,  whose  bravery  was  unquestionable,  and 
whose  fidelity  to  the  cause  in  which  they  were  engaged  was  unimpeachable. 
No  high  or  distinguished  officers  were  among  them,  but  there  were  plenty  of  as 
brave  hearts  as  any  that  beat  under  a  General's  uniform. 


4- 


JOHN  SNYDER 

METAIVIORATP 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  457 

There  were  any  number  of  Indians  in  this  section  when  the  first  white  peo- 
ple came  here.  During  the  Bhick  Hawk  war,  and  even  after  it  was  over,  there 
were  plenty  along  the  Mackinaw  River,  and  in  the  groves  of  timber  on  the 
various  creeks.  They  were  apparently  quite  friendly,  and  gave  no  trouble  to 
the  settlers.  But  a  few  years  after  the  close  of  the  Black  Hawk  war,  the  decree 
went  forth  for  them  to  "  move  on,"  and,  with  the  star  of  empire,  they  have 
taken  their  course  toward  "  the  land  of  the  settino;  sun." 

NAME    AND    ORGANIZATION. 

When  the  county  was  organized  into  townships,  in  1852,  the  first  Super- 
visor of  Montgomery  was  Mr.  James  Vance.  Adam  Stephens  is  at  present 
Supervisor  of  the  township.  In  naming  the  township,  which  was  a  rather 
^lifficult  task,  as  no  two  could  have  the  same  name  in  the  State,  Mr.  Vance 
received  a  letter  from  John  Wells,  an  old  settler  and  highly  estimable  man, 
requesting  the  name  of  Montgomery  to  be  given  to  this  township,  which  was 
done  without  controversy.  Where  he  got  the  name  or  why  he  wanted  it  called 
Montgomery,  no  one  can  now  tell. 

Montgomery  Township,  like  Partridge,  Worth  and  Spring  Bay,  contains  a 
good  deal  of  hilly,  rolling  land.  It  is  estimated  that  but  nine  sections  of  the 
entire  township,  being  just  one-fourth  of  it,  is  prairie,  the  remainder  is  timber; 
and  while  a  portion  of  the  timber  and  "barrens"  are  good  farming  lands,  some 
of  the  bluffs  and  hills  are  good  for  nothing,  except  the  timber,  and  even  it  is 
not  worth  a  very  great  deal. 


KANSAS    TOWNSHIP. 

Little  Kansas  is  scarcely  half  of  a  Congressional  township,  and  its  southern 
boundary  zigzags  into  a  similar  section  in  McLean  County.  In  fact,  Kansas 
and  White  Oak  Township,  of  McLean  County,  make  a  complete  town  between 
them,  and  so  very  nearly  connected,  both  socially  and  geographically,  that  to 
trace  the  history  of  the  one,  without  mixing  in  that  of  the  other,  is  a  somewhat 
difficult  task.  It  lies  in  the  southeast  part  of  Woodford  County,  and  is  bounded 
south  and  east  by  McLean  County,  north  by  Palestine  and  west  by  Montgom- 
ery Township.  The  Mackinaw  River  and  Denman  Creek  irrigate  the  soil  and 
carry  away  the  superfluous  water  from  its  surface.  More  than  three-fourths  of 
the  lands  are  timber  and  barrens,  some  of  which  is  bluff's  and  brakes,  and  not 
very  well  adapted  to  farming  purposes.  There  are,  however,  some  very  fine 
farms  in  the  township,  and  what  little  prairie  land  there  is  is  very  fine.  Kansas 
is  known  as  Township  25  north.  Range  1  east  of  the  Third  Principal  Meridian, 
and,  according  to  the  Assessors'  books  of  1877,  has  taxable  property  to  the 
amount  of  ^183,623. 


458  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

THE    FIRST    SETTLEMENT. 

Among  the  early  settlers  of  Kansas  Township  were  the  following,  viz.  : 
Smith  Denman,  Robert  Phillips,  Isaac  Allen,  Zachary  Brown,  Reuben  and 
Abraham  Carloek,  Samuel  Kirkpatrick,  Adam  Moore,  Thomas  and  Elisha 
Dickson,  and  perhaps  others  whose  names  have  been  forgotten.  The  first 
settlement  is  suposed  to  have  been  made  by  Smith  Denman,  in  1829.  Should 
we  make  a  mistake  and  get  over  into  McLean  County,*  while  tracing  up  these 
old  settlers,  we  hope  not  to  be  considered  a  trespasser  ;  but  owing  to  the  jagged 
edge  of  the  township,  it  is  rather  hard  to  at  all  times  "keep  within  due  bounds." 
Denman  cama  from  the  old  Buckeye  State  and  settled  in  the  southeast  part 
of  the  town,  in  the  timber  of  Denman  Creek,  and  from  whom  the  creek  takes 
its  name.     He  is  still  living,  but  is  a  resident  of  McLean  County. 

The  Dicksons,  Samuel  Kirkpatrick  and  Adam  Moore  were  also  from  Ohio, 
the  land  of  the  Buckeye  and  of  the  present  President.  Thomas  and  Elisha 
Dickson  came  to  Illinois  in  the  Fall  of  1829,  and  settled  in  White  Oak  Grove, 
as  this  section  was  then  called,  and  a  name  it  bears  to  the  present  day.  They, 
after  living  here  a  number  of  years,  sold  out  and  moved  to  Missouri.  Samuel 
Kirkpatrick  settled  in  White  Oak  Grove  a  short  time  after  the  Dicksons. 
Adam  ]Moore,  whose  father,  William  C.  Moore,  is  mentioned  as  finally  settling 
in  ]Montgomery  Township,  after  much  drifting  around,  came  to  this  section  soon 
after  his  father's  settlement  in  Montgomery,  and  where  two  other  brothers  now 
live. 

"democrat"  carlock. 

This  old  Jackson  Democrat,  together  with  his  family,  and  his  brother 
Reuben  Carlock,  his  family,  Isaac  Allen  and  Zachary  Brown,  were  all  from  the 
sunny  South — 

"The  land  of  the  orange,  the  myrtle  and  vine." 

They  came  from  Tennessee,  the  home  of  the  old  hero  of  Xew  Orleans  and 
of  the  cotton  bags.  Abraham  W.  Carlock,  or  as  he  calls  himself  for  short, 
"Old  Democrat"  Carlock,  settled  in  this  township  near  the  line,  between  it 
and  Montgomery,  in  1833,  the  next  year  after  the  Black  Hawk  war.  He  had 
settled  four  years  previously,  in  Morgan  County,  near  Jacksonville.  His 
father  and  two  brothers  were  soldiers  under  Gen.  Jackson,  in  the  war  with  the 
Creek  Indians,  and  also  at  New  Orleans.  Mr.  Carlock  is  proud  of  the  fact, 
and  boasts  of  it  on  every  occasion,  that  his  first  vote  for  a  Presidential  candi- 
date was  for  Gen.  Jackson,  and  his  last  for  Samuel  Tilden.  He  is  a  Democrat 
of  the  old  school,  and  believes  the  country  will  continue  to  go  on  to  wreck  and 
ruin  until  it  gets  back  into  the  hands  of  the  Democrats.  Reuben  Carlock 
settled  here  one  year  after  his  brother,  where  he  lived  an  honored  and  respected 
citizen,  and  died  some  years  ago,  regretted  by  all.  His  widow  is  still  living, 
and  is  quite  active  for  one  of  her  age.     Mr.  Carlock  was   a   great  hunter,  as 


*It  is  said  by  some  that  Denman'a  settlement  was  in  McLean  County. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY.  459 

long  as  there  was  game  in  the  country ;  and  when  it  had  followed  the  red  man 
to  the  lands  beyond  the  great  river,  he,  like  Alexander  when  he  had  conquered 
the  world,  grieved  that  there  was  not  another  world  of  game  here  for  him  to 
conquer.  He  is  worthily  represented  by  his  two  sons,  John  J.  and  Winton  Car- 
lock,  Avho  live  in  the  neighborhood  where  the  father  spent  the  last  half  of  his 
life.  The  sons  of  Abraham  Oarlock  are  Madison,  John  G.,  William  and 
A.  H.  Carlock.  John  G.  Carlock  lives  in  McLean  County;  William  Carlock 
is  a  lawyer,  in  Bloomington ;  Madison  Carlock  is  a  preacher,  and  lives  in 
Lowan,  while  the  other  son  lives  with  his  father. 

Isaac  Allen  and  Zachary  Brown  settled  here  about  the  same  time  the  Car- 
locks,  and  were,  as  already  stated,  from  Tennessee.  Robert  Philips  came 
from  Indiana,  and  settled  in  this  township  about  1830,  and  died  a  few  years 
after  his  settlement  in  the  neighborhood. 

THE    FIRST    BLACKSMITH. 

A  man  named  Craig  is  said  to  have  kept  the  first  blacksmith  shop  in  what 
is  now  Kansas  Township. 

"  The  smith,  a  mighty  man  is  he, 
With  large  and  sinewy  hands  ; 
And  the  muscles  of  his  brawny  arms 
Are  strong  as  iron  bands." 

Where  this  smithy  stood,  whether  like  the  one  described  by  Longfellow,  it 
stood  under  a  "spreading  chestnut  tree,"  or  not,  we  do  not  know.  We  can 
give  no  further  particulars  than  that  a  Mr.  Craig  kept  the  first  blacksmith  shop. 

There  is  not  a  store  nor  a  post  oQice  in  Kansas  ToAvnship,  nor  has  there  ever 
been  an  institution  of  either  kind  within  its  borders.  Our  readers,  however,  must 
not  infer  from  this  that  the  citizens  of  Kansas  do  not  read  or  get  any  mail,  for  such 
an  impression  would  be  a  very  erroneous  one,  and  there  are  several  post  offices 
within  easy  reach,  if  there  is  none  in  their  own  town.  Kansas  is  also  about  as 
destitute  of  churches  as  of  stores  and  post  offices,  though  there  are  a  number 
around  it,  and  just  over  the  line  in  somebody  else's,  territory.  But  it  does  not 
follow  that  the  people  are  heathen.  No  more  intelligent  and  religious  people  live 
in  Woodford  County,  and  the  neighboring  churches  are  well  attended  and  well 
patronized  by  them.  And  we  believe  there  is  one  church,  of  the  Christian 
denomination,  which  is  really  inside  of  the  Kansas  line,  although  we  were  told  by 
one  or  two  parties  that  it  stood  over  in  McLean  County,  and  we  propose  to  give 
the  Kansas  people  the  credit  for  having  one  church  within  their  territorial 
limits. 

The  first  sermon  preached  in  this  region  was  by  Rev.  John  Dunham, 
mentioned  as  preaching  the  first  sermon  in  Montgomery  Township. 

In  these  early  times,  religious  services  were  held  at  the  residences,  or  per- 
haps more  properly  speaking,  the  settlers'  cabins,  until  the  era  of  school  houses, 


460  HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 

when  they  were  devoted  to  that  use  and  remain  so  still,  in  localities  where  there 
are  no  churches. 

SCHOOLS,  ETC. 

The  first  school  for  the  benefit  of  Kansas  Township  was  taught  by  Rev. 
Abner  Peeler  in  a  little  log  cabin,  and  which  is  said  to  have  been  just  over  the 
line  in  McLean  County,  but  supported  principally  from  this  township.  The 
first  school  house  was  built  in  the  east  part  of  the  town,  near  Zachary  Brown's, 
away  back  about  1850.  From  the  last  annual  report  of  Samuel  Lautz,  School 
Treasurer,  to  Prof.  Lamb,  County  Superintendent  of  Schools,  we  take  the 
following  items  : 

No.  males  in  township  under  21  years  of  age 138 

"  females  in  township  under  21  years  of  age 132 

Total 270 

No.  males  in  township  between  6  and  21  years 83 

"  females  in  township  between  G  and  21  years 83 

Total 166 

No.  school  districts  in  the  township 3 

"  public  schools  sustained  in  township 3 

Average  number  of  months  taught 6J 

No.  males  attending  school  in  township 71 

"  females         "              "      "         "          63 

Total  "      "         '•         134 

No.  ungi-aded  schools 3 

Estimated  value  of  school  property $1,464.00 

School  fund  (of  both  counties*) 2,858.86 

District  tax  levy  for  support  of  schools 592.20 

Balance  on  hand  October  1,  1876 325.90 

Interest  of  township  fund  received 133.24 

Special  district  tax  received 574.39 

Highest  monthly  wages  paid  teachers 40.00 

Lowest  monthly  wages  paid  teachers 25.00 

As  a  school  township,  Kansas  is  fractional  with  White  Oak  Township,  of 
McLean  County,  and  some  of  the  items  in  the  school  reports  are  given  jointly 
with  the  latter  town.  All  of  the  school  districts  in  Kansas  are  supplied  with 
good,  comfortable,  frame  school  buildings,  and  the  schools  are  in  a  most  flour- 
ishing condition. 

THE     FIRST     DEATH. 

The  first  victim  of  the  Grim  Monster  in  this  township  Avas  Robert  Phillips, 
who  died  in  1835.  He  was  one  of  the  very  earliest  settlers,  but  lived  not  to 
enjoy  the  fine  country  long,  to  which  he  had  emigrated  full  of  hope.  Since 
that  distant  period,  many  have  crossed  the  dark  river  from  this  place  and  many 
others  are  waiting  on  the  shores,  and  soon  they,  too,  will  cross  over. 


*As  a  school  township,  one-half  of  it  is  in  McLean  County. 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 


461 


Kansas,  like  Montgomery  Township,  has  a  grand  iron  bridge  across  the 
Mackinaw  River.  It  was  put  up  hist  winter,  and  cost  about  $4,000,  and  is 
quite  an  accommodation  to  all  who  have  business  on  both  sides  of  the  treacherous 
stream.  Before  these  bridges  spanned  the  "  dark  rolling  river,"  the  people 
were  often  cauo-ht  "on  the  other  side,"  and  had  either  to  remain,  or  swim 
their  horses  across,  which  was  not  always  safe  or  pleasant.  W.  Stephens  is  at 
present  Supervisor  of  the  township. 

Kansas  was,  originally,  a  part  of  Palestine  Township,  and  so  continued  up  to 
1859,  when  the  people  petitioned  the  Board  of  Supervisors,  to  be  made  a  separate 
and  distinct  town,  which,  after  considerable  controversy,  was  agreed  to.  After 
its  formation  as  a  township,  the  subject  of  a  name  came  up,  and  it  being  just  the 
time  of  the  Kansas  troubles,  P.  H.  Vance,  then  Supervisor  of  Montgomery,  pro- 
posed the  name  of  Kansas,  which  was  adopted.  Its  political  and  war  record  is 
pretty  much  the  same  as  in  other  portions  of  Woodford  County. 


462 


HISTORY  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 


REPORT  OF  CROPS  IN  WOODFORD  COUNTY. 


For  thr  Year  1877. 


TOWNS. 


m  at 


Minonk 289 

Clayton 688 

Linn 642 

Cazenovia 463 

Partridge 584 

Spring  Bay 232 

Worth 2595 

Melamora 1082 

Roanoke 632 

Greene 711 

Panola 55 

El  Paso 29 

Palestine 235 

Olio 177 

Cruger 190 

Montgomery 597 

Kansas 100 


Total. 


Acres 
Corn. 


13,563 
10,639 
11,144 

7,547 

3,970.33 

2,585 

4,070 

6,555 

8,763 

9,646 
13,662 

7,361 

7,500 

6,954 

3,643 

6,527.23 

1,300 


Acres 
Oats. 


2,881 
3,045 
3,387 
1,968 

186 

270 

807 
2,090 
2,605 
2,409 
2,462 
1,459 
3,700 
2,223 
1,382 
1,565.56 

350 


Acres 
Meadow. 

2,243 
2,380 
1,931 
2,083 

535 

245 
1,265 
1,840 
1,795 
2,298 
2,129 

617 
1,710 
1,376 
1,003 
1,955.46 

300 


I  Acres 
other 
Field 

<  Products. 


1,430 

243 
788 
621 

9.93 
649.23 

47 
550 
421 
513 
466 
143 
300 
237 

73 
762.87 
120 


Acres 
Enclosed 
Pasture. 

1,835      I 
2,313 
2,981 
4,923 
5 

166 

385 
4,070 
2.134 
3,522.29 
2,634      ' 
1,429 
4,600 
2,991 
1,739 
2,941.54 
1.700 


Acres  Acrf-s 

Orchard.    Woodland. 


106  : 

166   I 

226 

219 

64.50 

53 
290 
290 
239 
235 
190 
131 
265 
218 
113 
134.81 


f4 

3,675.59 
15,287.94 

1,082 
13,024.46 

3,960 


2,068.41 
68 


30 


4,593 

2,585 

283 

8.821.99 
7,700 


9301 125,409.56  32,739.56|25,705.46|7,374.03  40,368.83  2,970.31i63,243.39 


POPULATION  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY, 

By  Townships. 


1870. 

I860. 

TOWNS. 

hi 

g 

> 

o 
S 

-       i 

1      '      2 

^         '3 

r-              e 
-                o 

1      1 

Cazenovia 

990 
272 

1022 
852 

1564 
785 
779 
933 
349 
800 

1718 
702 

2115 

1122 
226 
259 
284 
353 
652 

2508 

1233 

1325 
407 

1260 
395 
998 
475 
235 

1000 

830 

210 

695 

669 

1341 

700 

641 

769 

328 

571 

1397 

609 

1498 

850 

212 

203 

173 

262 

497 

2218 

1154 

1131 

349 

981 

314 

723 

376 

178 

553 

160 

62 
327 
183 
223 

85 
138 
164 

21 
229 
321 

93 
617 
272 

14 

56 
111 

91 
155 
290 

79 
194 

58 
279 

81 
275 

99 

57 
447 

990    

272    

954 

Washburn 

"^*    

Qayton 

El  Paso 

1022    

852    

449    

El  Paso 

1561           3 

785 

890 

1st  Ward 



2d  Ward 

776           3 

933     

349    

Greene 

770 
208 
548 
1601 
966 
548 

Kansas 



Linn 

800    

Metamora 

Metamora 

1717            1 
701           1 
2115 

1 

Minonk 

Minonk 

1122    

1st  Ward 

226 

259    

284    

353    

2d  Ward 

3d  Ward 

4th  Ward 

Montgomery 

651            1 
2503           5 
.1228           5 
1325 

872 
1983 

604 
1354 

Olio 

Eureka 

Palestine 

Secor 

407    

Panola 

1260    

524 
946 
805 
515 

Partridge 

395    

Roanake 

998    

Spring  Bav 

475    

Sprinw  I3av 

235    .      .  ,. 

AVorth 

1000    

1204 

AVOODFORD    COUNTY 

WAR    HISTORY  AND    RECORD. 


A-BBREATI^^TIO^^S. 


A(yt Adjutant. 

Art Artillery. 

Col Colonel. 

Capt Captain. 

Corpl Corporal. 

Comsy Commissary. 

comii commissioned. 

CRT cavalry. 

captd captured. 

coiisdn  consolidation. 

disab disabled. 

died discharged. 


e enlisted. 

excd exchanged. 

inf infantry. 

kid killed. 

m.  o mustered  out. 

prmtd promoted. 

prisr prisoner. 

rect recruit. 

Regt Regiment. 

resd resigned. 

Sergt Sergeant. 

wd wounded. 


FORTY-SEVENTH  INFANTRY. 

The  Forty-seventh  Regiment,  Illinois  Infan- 
try Volunteers,  was  first  organized  and  mus- 
tered into  the  service  of  the  United  States, 
at  Peoria,  111.,  on  the  Ifith  day  of  August, 
1861. 

On  the  2.'5d  day  of  September,  1861,  the  regi- 
ment moved,  by  rail,  from  Peoria  to  St.  Louis, 
Mo.,  going  into  quarter.s  at  Benton  Barracks, 
near  the  city,  where  it  was  clothed  and  armed 
complete.  Remained  in  Benton  Barracks, 
undergoing  a  thorough  drilling,  daily,  until  the 
9tli  day  of  October,  when  it  moved,  by  rail,  to  .Jef- 
ferson City,  Mo.,  where  it  remained  doing  garri- 
son duty  until  the  22d  day  of  December,  when 
it  moved,  by  rail,  to  Otterville,  Mo.,  remained 
there  drilling  and  doing  garrison  duty,  until 
the  2d  day  of  February,  1862,  when  it  marched 
north  to  the  Missouri  River ;  crossing  at 
Booneville,  marched  down  the  north  side  of  the 
river  to  St.  Charles,  where  it  arrived  on  the 
18th  day  of  February,  crossed  the  river  at  St. 
Charles,  and  moved,  by  rail,  to  St.  Louis, 
where  it  embarked  on  the  steamer  AVar  Eagle, 
and  moved  down  the  river,  arriving  at  Cairo 
on  the  23d  day  of  February.  On  the  25th  day  of 
February,  moved  back  up  the  river  30  miles,  to 
Commerce,  Mo.,  where  the  regiment  disembarked 
and  joined  Pope's  command,  then  preparing 
for  a  campaign  against  Island  No.  10  and  New 
Madrid.  Marched  from  Benton,  Mo.,  March 
2d,  arriving  in  front  of  the  enemy's  works  at 
New  Madrid,  March  4th.  On  the  night  of 
March  10th,  the  regiment,  with  the  Eleventh 


Missouri  Infantry,  marched  ten  miles  below 
New  Madrid,  taking  with  them  a  battery  of 
Light  Artillery,  to  Point  Pleasant,  blockading 
the  river  and  cutting  off  the  enemy's  communi- 
cation by  river  below  New  Madrid  and  Island 
No.  10.  Here  the  regiment  was  brigaded  with 
the  Eleventh  Missouri  Infantry  Volunteers, 
Twenty-sixth  Regiment  Illinois  Infantry  Vol- 
unteers, and  the  Eighth  Regiment  Wisconsin 
Infantry,  and  placed  under  command  of  Brig. 
Gen.  Joseph  B.  Plummer.  Remained  at  Point 
Pleasant,  encamped  in  a  disagreeable  swamp, 
with  continual  heavy  rains,  until  the  7th  day 
of  April.  The  enemy  having  evacuated  New 
Madrid  on  the  night  of  the  5th  of  April  the 
regiment  marched  with  the  brigade  up  to  New 
Madrid,  on  the  7th,  and  on  the  9th  were  paid 
four  months'  pay  by  Major  Witherell.  On  the 
morning  of  April  10th,  the  regiment  embarked 
on  board  of  steamer  Aleck  Scott,  and  proceeded, 
with  the  army,  down  the  river,  nearly  to  Fort 
Pillow,  returning  on  the  morning  of  the  11th, 
and  disembarked  at  Tiptonville,  Tenn.,  twenty 
miles  below  New  Madrid.  April  12th,  re- 
embarked  and  moved  up  the  river  to  Cairo, 
drew  clothing  and  took  on  coal,  and,  on  the 
night  of  the  20th,  moved  up  the  Tennessee 
River,  arriving  at  Hamburg  Landing,  Tenn.,  on 
the  morning  of  the  22d  of  April,  disembarked 
and  camped  near  the  river. 

During  the  following  15  days,  the  regiment 
accompanied  Gen.  Pope's  army  in  its  advance 
in  the  direction  of  the  enemy's  position  around 
Corinth.  A  portion  of  the  way  it  had  to  con- 
struct    corduroy     roads     through     extensive 


464 


WAR  HISTORY  AND  RECORD. 


swamps.  On  the  9th  clay  of  May,  was  engaged 
at  Farmington,  Miss.,  in  which  engagement 
Lieut.  Col.  Daniel  L.  Miles  was  killed.  On  the 
28th  day  of  May,  the  regiment  participated  in 
an  engagement  near  Corinth.  On  the  night  of 
^lay  29th,  the  enemy  evacuated  Corinth,  and 
the  regiment  accompanied  Gen.  Pope's  army, 
in  pursuit  of  their  retreating  forces,  as  far  as 
Booneville,  Miss.,  returning'  to  Camp  Clear 
Creek,  six  miles  south  of  Corinth,  June  11, 
1862,  where,  in  a  few  days,  the  regiment  re- 
ceived two  months'  pay  from  Maj.  Etting.  On 
the  3d  of  July,  the  regiment  marched  to  Rienzi, 
Miss.,  remained  there  until  the  18th  day  of 
August,  on  which  day  Col.  John  Bryner  took 
leave  of  the  regiment— his  resignation  having 
been  accepted  on  account  of  poor  health.  Aug. 
18th,  brolie  Camp  Rienzi,  and  marched  to  Tus- 
cumbia,  Ala.,  rejoining  the  Brigade  on  the 
road,  arriving  there  Aug.  22d,  and  on  the  24th 
received  two  months'  pay  from  Maj.  Hemp- 
sted.  Marched  from  Tuscumbia,  Sept.  8th,  and 
arrived  at  Camp  Clear  Creek,  Sept.  14th.  Left 
Clear  Creek  on  the  morning  of  the  18th,  and 
marched  toward  luka.  Miss.,  participated  in 
the  battle  of  luka,  on  the  19th,  where  the 
army,  under  Gen.  Rosecrans,  defeated  the 
enemy's  forces  under  Gen.  Sterling  Price.  In 
this  engagement  Maj.  John  X.  Cromwell  was 
taken  prisoner.  Followed  the  retreating  army 
of  the  enemy  one  day  and  then  returned  to 
Corinth,  arriving  there  on  the  3d  of  October,  and 
took  part  in  the  battle  of  Corinth,  Oct.  3d  and 
4th.  In  the  engagement  of  the  od,  the  brave  ; 
and  honored  Col.  William  A.  Thrush  was 
killed  while  bravely  leading  his  command,  in 
a  charge.  Capt.  David  DeWolf,  of  Company 
K,  was  killed.  Capt.  Harmon  Andrews  was 
severely  wounded  and  taken  prisoner.  The 
regiment  lost  in  this  engagement  30  killed, 
and  over  100  wounded. 

After  this  battle,  the  regiment  accompanied 
Gen.  Rosecrans'  army  in  pursuit  of  Price  and 
Van  Dorn's  defeated  army,  following  them  to 
Ripley,  Miss.,  so  closely  as  to  force  them  to 
abandon  some  of  their  artillery  and  nearly  all 
their  wagons  and  equipage.  On  the  14th  of 
October,  the  regiment  returned  with  the  army, 
and  encamped  near  Corintli,  until  Nov.  2d, 
when  it  marched  to  Grand  Junction,  Tenn., 
and  joined  Gen.  Grant's  expedition  into  Cen- 
tral Mississippi.  Marched  to  Oxford,  Miss., 
with  the  army,  and  returned  to  Grand  Junc- 
tion, Tenn.,  Jan.  1.  1863.  Jan.  8th,  marched 
from  Grand  Junction,  by  way  of  Bolivar, 
Tenn.,  fur  Corinth,  where  it  arrived  Jan.  14th. 
Moved,  by  rail,  from  Corinth,  Jan.  26th,  to 
Ridgeway  Station,  Tenn.,  where  the  regiment 
remained,  guarding  the  railroad,  until  March 
12th,  when  it  marched  to  Memphis,  Tenn.,  and 
embarked  on  board  steamer  Empress,  for  the 
vicinity  of  Vicksburg.  Remained  near  Helena, 
Ark.,  ten  days,  and  again  moved  down  the 
river,  disembarking  on  the  1st  day  of  April,  at 
Duckport,  twelve  miles  above  Vicksburg. 
Here  the  duties  of  the  men  were  of  various 
kinds — guard    duty,    loading    and    unloading 


steamboats,  digging  on  a  canal,  and  contriving 
the  Vjest  plans  at  their  hands  to  keep  from  re- 
posing in  water  at  nights.  On  the  2d  of  May, 
the  regiment  marched  with  the  armj'  down 
the  west  side  of  the  Mississippi  River,  crossing 
it  at  Grand  Gulf,  and,  with  the  Fifteenth  Army 
Corps,  then  commanded  by  Gen.  Slierman, 
marched  to  Jackson,  Miss.,  where,  on  the  14th 
day  of  May,  1863,  it  participated  in  the  en- 
gagement which  resulted  in  the  capture  of  that 
city.  On  the  morning  of  the  16th  was  rear 
guard.  On  leaving  the  city.  Col.  Cromwell, 
then  commanding  regiment,  rode  back  to  see 
if  a  detachment  of  troops,  left  back  to  bring  up 
stragglers,  were  doing  their  duty,  when  a  body 
of  rebel  cavalrymen  came  up  between  him  and 
his  command,  and  called  on  him  to  surrender, 
which  he  refused  to  do,  and  tried  to  escape, 
but  was  killed  in  the  attempt,  several  bullets 
passing  through  his  body.  The  regiment  par- 
ticipated in  the  charge  on  the  enemy's  works 
at  Vicksburg,  May  22d,  losing  12  men  killed, 
and  quite  a  number  wounded.  During  the 
siege  of  Vicksburg,  Maj.  John  D.  McClure  re- 
ceived a  severe  wound,  and  carries  the  bullets 
in  his  body  to-day.  On  the  4th  of  June,  the 
regiment  participated  with  the  brigade,  under 
command  of  Gen.  Joseph  A.  Mower,  in  the 
defeat  of  a  force  of  the  enemj'  at  Mechanics- 
ville.  Miss.,  thirty  miles  from  Vicksburg,  near 
the  Yazoo  River.  After  the  fall  of  Vicksburg, 
during  the  months  of  August,  September  and 
October,  the  regiment  encamped  at  Bear  Creek, 
twenty  miles  east  of  Vicksburg. 

In  the  middle  of  November,  1863,  the  regiment 
moved  up  the  river  to  Memphis,  Tenn.,  and 
from  there  to  La  Grange,  Tenn.,  guarding  the 
Memphis  and  Charleston  line  of  railroad.  A 
portion  of  the  time,  however,  was  occupied  in 
scouting  after  the  rebel  Gen.  Forrest's  command. 
On  the  26th  of  January,  1864,  left  La  Grange  and 
arrived  at  Memphis,  Jan.  28th.  Feb.  1st,  em- 
barked on  board  steamer  for  Vicksburg,  where 
it  arrived  Feb.  3d,  and  went  into  camp  at 
Black  River  Bridge,  twelve  miles  from  Vicks- 
burg. Feb.  23d,  marched  to  Canton,  Miss. 
Returned  to  Black  River,  March  8d,  and  to 
Vicksburg,  March  7tli,  where  it  embarked, 
March  10th,  on  board  steamer  Mars,  for  the 
Red  River  expedition.  Was  present  at  the 
capture  of  Fort  DeRussey,  La.,  March  14th. 
Participated  in  the  battle  of  Pleasant  Hill,  La  , 
April  9,  1864.  During  this  expedition  the 
regiment  was  under  fire  several  times,  and  en- 
dured many  very  severe  hardships.  On  the 
22d  of  May,  the  regiment  arrived  with  Gen. 
Smith's  command,  at  Vicksburg,  having  been 
for  nearly  three  months  engaged  in  as  tedious 
and  fatiguing  a  campaign  as  has  ever  follen  to 
the  lot  of  any  army  to  undergo.  June  5th, 
regiment  embarked  for  Memphis.  Moved  up 
the  river  to  Lake  Chicot,  disembarked,  moved 
inland,  and  came  in  contact  with  a  force  under 
Gen.  Marmaduke,  who  was  defeated  and  com- 
pletely routed.  Regiment  lost  in  this  engage- 
ment 11  men  killed,  and  quite  a  number 
wounded.      Maj .  Miles  received  almost  a  fatal 


WAR  HISTORY  AND  RECORD. 


465 


shot  in  the  neck,  and  Capt.  Riser  was  killed. 
Regiment  then  proceeded  to  Memphis,  and 
accompanied  Gen.  A.  J.  Smith  to  Tupelo,  Miss., 
with  the  exception  of  the  men  who  had  re- 
enlisted,  numbering  about  one  hundred,  who 
left  the  regiment  at  Moscow,  Tenn.,  and  went 
to  Illinois  on  veteran  furlough.  The  veterans 
returned  to  the  regiment  on  the  8th  day  of 
August,  and,  with  the  regiment,  accompanied 
Gen.  A.  .J.  Smith's  expedition  to  Oxford,  Miss. 
Returned  to  Memphis,  Aug.  27,  1804.  The 
original  term  of  service  of  the  regiment  having 
expired,  it  was  ordered  to  Springtield,  111., 
where  it  was  finally  discharged  on  the  11th 
of  October,  1864. 

The  veterans  and  recruits  of  the  regi- 
ment, numbering  196  men,  left  Memphis, 
Sept.  2d,  1864,  under  command  of  Lieuts. 
Edward  Bonham  and  Royal  Olmstead,  accom- 
panying Gen.  Mower's  expedition  up  White 
River,  to  Brownsville,  Ark.,  and  from  there 
marched  north  into  iNIissouri,  after  the  rebel  Gen. 
Price's  army,  which  was  raiding  in  that  State. 
Arrived  at  Cape  Giradeau,  Mo.,  October  4th, 
and  took  steamer  for  Jefferson  City,  October 
6th,  arriving  at  Jefferson  City  on  the  15th ; 
thence  moved,  by  rail,  to  Otterville  ;  thence 
marched  to  Warrensburg,  where  it  arrived 
October  26th.  Left  Warrensburg,  by  rail,  for 
St.  Louis,  November  2d  ;  arrived  at  St.  Louis 
on  the  4th.  From  St.  Louis,  the  veteran  de- 
tachment was  ordered  to  Chicago,  111.,  on  9th 
November,  1864,  to  assist  in  quelling  any  riot, 
should  there  be  any  on  the  day  of  election. 
Their  services  not  being  required,  they  were 
ordered  to  report  to  the  Superintendent  of 
Recruiting  Service,  at  Springfield,  111.,  and 
were  stationed  at  Camp  Butler,  where,  on  the 
28th  of  November,  it  recived  200  drafted  men, 
and  a  battalion  of  four  full  companies  was 
organized,  and  Lieut.  Bonham  commissioned  as 
Major,  and  Lieut.  Olmstead  commissioned 
Captain  of  Company  A.  OntheSd  dayof  Decem- 
ber the  command  was  ordered  to  the  field,  report- 
ing, by  way  of  St.  Louis,  to  Gen.  Rosecrans. 
At  St.  Louis,  the  order  was  modified,  and  its 
destination  changed  to  Louisville,  Ky.  From 
here  it  was  ordered  to  Bowling  Green,  Ky., 
where  it  remained  until  Jan.  27, 1865,  when  it 
moved,  by  rail,  to  Nashville.  From  Nashville, 
down  the  Cumberland  and  up  the  Tennessee 
River,  toEastport,  Miss,  where  it  rejoined  its 
old  brigade — Second  Brigade,  First  Division, 
Sixteenth  Army  Corps — accompanying  it  to 
New  Orleans;  thence  to  Mobile  Bay,  taking 
part  in  the  reduction  of  Spanish  Fort.  While 
lying  in  front  of  Spanish  Fort,  six  additional 
companies  arrived  from  Springfield,  111.,  making 
the  organization  once  more  complete.  After 
the  fall  of  Mobile,  the  regiment  marched  with 
the  Sixteenth  Corp^  to  Montgomery,  Ala., 
where  it  arrived  April  25,  1865.  Dec.  31, 
1865  the  regiment  was  stationed  at  Selma, 
Ala. 

Mustered  out,  Jan.  21,  1866,  at  Selma,  Ala., 
and  ordered  to  Springfield,  111.,  where  it  re- 
ceived final  pay  and  discharge. 


Principal  Musician,  0.  F.  Tarmotpr;    in.  o.  Oct.  11, 1864. 

Company  B. 

First  Lieut.  Geo.  Kinneiir,  «.  as  First  Sergt.  Aug.  16, 1861 ', 

prnitd.  to   Second  Limit.   Aug.  25,   1861  ;   prnitd.  to 

First  Lieut.  May  16,  18(5:i,  and  to  Capt.  of  Co.  F,  Aug. 

21,  18C4;  term  expired  Oct.  U,  1864. 
Sergt.  Henry  Brubaker,  o.  Aug.  16,  1861;    died  July  11, 

1864. 
Musician  Oliver  Hungerford,  e.  Aug.  16,  1861 ;    prmtd.  to 

Drum  Major;  m.  o.  Oct.  11,  1864. 
Brubaker,  David,  e.  Aug.  16,  1861  ;  m.  o.  Oct.  11,  1864. 
Brubaker,  Daniel,  e.  Aug.  16,  1861 ;  disd.  Jan.  26,  1863, 

disab. 
Bateman,  J.  W.,  e.  Aug.  16,  1861 ;  died  Jan.  27,  1862. 
Beard,  A.  J.,  e.   Aug.  16,  1861 ;  trans,   to  V.  K.  C.  May  1, 

1864. 
Basting,  Conrad,  e.  Aug.  16,  1861;  died  in  Andersonville 

prison  May  9,  1864;  No.  of  grave,  977. 
Bryant,  Isaac  L.,  e.  Aug.  16,  1861  ;  disd.  Aug.  22,  1862, 

disab. 
Brown,  J.  D.,  e.  Aug.  16, 1861 ;  disd.,  May  29, 1863,  disab,. 
Cash,  John,  e.  Aug.  16,  1861 ;  m.  o.  Oct.  11,  1864. 
Do  Seller,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  16,  1861;  disd.  Dec.  16,  1862, 

disab. 
Dunham,  Newton,  e.  Aug.  16,  1861 ;  disd.  Sept.  6,  1861. 
Doughman,  J.  F.,  e.  Aug.  16,  1861 ;  died  at  Corinth   Nov, 

I,  1862. 

Ellis,  Jos.,  e.  Aug.  16,  1861 ;  m.  o.  Oct.  11,  1864. 

Fisher,  F.  H.,  e.  Aug.  16,  1861 ;  died  at  Corinth,  Oct.  5, 

1862. 
Gleason,  Jno.,  e.  Aug.  16,  1861  ;  trans.  I.  C.,Dec.  17,  1863, 
Henrv,  Jno.,  e.  Aug.  16,  1861  ;  re-e.  vet.  Feb.  22,  1864. 
Kanaga,  Wra.,  e.  Aug.  16, 1861 ;  m.  o.  Oct.  11, 1864,  as  Sergt. 
Lehman,  Henry,  e.  Aug.  16,  1861 ;  ni.  o.  Oct.  11,  1864. 
Lehman,  Joseph,  e.  Aug.  16,  1861  ;  m.  o.  Oct.  11,  1864. 
Miller,  James  B.,  e.  Aug.  16,  1861 ;  died  at  Corinth,  Oct, 

II,  1862. 

Riley,  Peter,  e.  Aug.  16,  1861  ;  disd. 17,  1863,  disib. 

Ralston,  Wm.,  e  Aug  16,  1861  ;  m.  o.  Oct.  11,  1864. 
Ralston,  A.  C,  e.  Aug.  16, 1861  ;  kid.  at  Corinth  Oct.  3,  '62., 
Randolph,  Frederick,  e.  Aug.  16,  1861 ;  kid.  at  Corinth 

Oct.  3,  1862. 
Urney,  Marion,  e.  Aug.  16,  1861  ;  deserted  Aug.  18, 1862. 

Company  D. 

Rieves,  Jesse,  e.  Aug.  16,  1801 ;  m.  o.  Oct.  11, 1864. 

Company  I. 

Capt.  S.  S.  Jackman,  e.  Aug.  2.5,  1861 ;  resd.  March  26,  '62, 
Capt.  Chester  Andrews,  e.  as  Second  Lieut.  Aug.  25,  1861 ; 

was  prmtd.  to  Capt.  March  26,  1862;   term  expired 

Oct.  11,  1864. 
First  Lieut.  Jas.  Tisdale,  e.  Aug.  25, 1861 ;  resd.  April  12, 

1862. 
First  Lieut.  C.  H.  Robinson,  e.  Sept.  4, 1861,  as  First  Sergt.; 

prmtd.  to  First  Lieut.  April  12,  1862;  term  expired 

Oct.  11,1864. 
Second  Lieut.  J.  H.  Wylie,  Sept.  4,   1861,  as  Sergeant ; 

prmtd.  to  Second  Lieut.  March  27,1862;  term  expired 

Oct.  11.  1864. 
Sergt.  T.  J.  Taylor,  e.  Sept.  4,  1861 ;  m.  o.  Sept.  29,  1864. 
Sergt.  James  SlcOoy,  e.  Sept.  4, 1861 ;  m.  o.  Oct.  11,  1864. 
Corp.  J.  L.  Johnsou,  e.  Sept.  4,  1861;  kid.  at  Corinth  Oct. 

3,  1862. 
Corp.  Luke  Fisher,  e,  Sept.  4, 1861 ;  disd.  Feb.  4,  1863 ; 

disab. 
Corp.  J.  H.  Mitchell,  e.  Sept.  4,  1861 ;  m.  o.  Oct.  11, 1864, 

as  Sergt. 
Corp.  W.  J.  Thompson,  e.  Sept.  4,  1861  ;  m.  o.  Oct.  11, 1864, 

as  Sergt. 
Musician  P.  H.  Bavlin,  e.  Sept.  4, 1861 ;  m.  o.  Oct.  11, 1864. 
Atwood,  S.  A.,  e.  Sept.  4,  1861 ;  disd.  Oct.  12,  1862 ;  disab. 
Atwood,  H.  K.,  e.  Sept.  4,  1861 ;  disd.  Oct.  12,  1862;  disab. 
Allen,  J.  Q.  A.,  e.  Sept.  4,  1861  ;  m.  o.  May  23, 1862. 
Arnold,  N.  F.,  e.  Sept.  4,  1861  ;  m.  o.  Oct.  11,  1864. 
Anderson,  Joseph,  e.  Sept.  4,  1861 ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Feb.  22, 

1864  ;  trans,  to  Co.  C.  as  consd. 
Birkenbend,  Wm.,  e.  Sept.  4,  1861;  m.  o.  Oct.  11, 1864,  aa, 

(!orp. 
Bocock,  James,  e.  Sept.  4, 1861 ;  died  Oct.  20, 1861. 
Bloodworth,  Chas.,  e.  Sept.  4, 1861  ;  m.  o.  Sept.  12, 1864. 
Beard,  Elijah,  e.  Sept.  4,  1861 ;  died  Aug.  29, 1802. 
Crawford,  Chas.,  e.  Sept.  4, 1801  ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Feb.  22, 1864, 
Coker,  John,  e.  Sept.  4,  1861 ;  disd.  Aug.  10,  1863;  disab. 
Curtis,  Jabez,  e.  Sept.  4,  1861;  disd.  Aug.  10,  1863  ;  disab. ^ 

Sergt. 


466 


WAR  HISTORY  AND  RECORD. 


Dennett,  George,  e.  Sept.  4,  18R1 ;  died  Julv  29,  1863. 

Dixson,  B.  P.,  e,  Sept.  4  ISOl;  disd.  Jan  3,  1864. 

Davidson,  E.  M.,  e.  Sept.  4,18(jl;  re-e.  as  vet.  Feb.  22,1864. 

Foot,  E.  B.,  e.  Sept.  4,  1861  ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Feb.  22,  1864. 

Fanain,  Urich.  e.  Sept  4,  ISfjl  ;  trans,  to  Y.  R.  C. 

Huntoon,  \Vm.,  e.  Sept.  4,  1861 ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Feb.  22, 1864. 

Hokes,  Geo.  W.,  e.  S.'pt.  4,  1861  ;  m.  o.  Oct.  11.  1804. 

Johnson,  Evan,  e.  Sept.  4,  1861  ;  m.  o.  Oct.  11,  1864. 

Jarneke,  J.  W.,  e.  Sept.  4,  1861 ;  m.  o.  Oct.  11,  1864. 

Hosier,  B.  H.,  e.  Sept.  4, 1861 ;  trans,  to  I.  0.  Dec.  18, 1863. 

Murdock,  Sann.,  e.  Sept.  4,  1861;  disd.  Sept.  16,  1862; 
disab. 

Moore,  Smith,  e.  Sept.  4,  1861 ;  m.  o.  Oct  11,  1864. 

JlcChesney,  Harmiin,  e.  Sept.  4, 1861 ;  disd.  April  19,1862; 
disab. 

Phillips,  J.  H.,  e.  Sept.  4,  1861;  m.  o.  Oct.  11,  1864,  as 
Corp. 

Parmeter,  0.  F.,  e.  Sept.  4,  1861 ;  prmtd.  to  Principal  Mu- 
sician 

Parmeter,  W.  V.,  e.  Sept.  4,  1861 ;  disd.  June  13,  1862 ; 
disab. 

Plank,  Christian,  e.  Sept.  4, 1861 ;  disd.  May  30,  1862;  disab. 

Simpson,  J.  A„  e.  Sept.  4,  1861  ;  m.  o.  Oct.  11,  1864. 

Stanton,  J.  F  ,  e.  Sept.  4,  1861 ;  died  Julv  14,  1803. 

Tav,  F.  D.,  e.  Sept.  4,  1861 ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Feb.  22,  1864. 

Turpit,  Timothy,  e.  Sept  4,  1861  ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Feb.  22,  '64. 

Taylor,  Lorenzo,  e.  Sept.  4,  1801 ;  died  Dec.  26,  1862  ;  wds 

Tanosdel,  R.,  c.  Sept.  4,  1861 ;  trans,  to  I.  C.  Dec,  1863. 

AVoodburn,  C.  F.,  e.  Sept.  4,  1801 ;  m.  o.  Oct.  11,  1864,  as 
Corp. 

Welte,  Christian,  e.  Sept.  4, 1861  ;  m.  o.  Oct.  11,  1864. 

Wilson,  M.  L.,  e.  Sept.  4,  1861 ;  m.  o.  Oct.  11,  1864. 

Huxtable,  W.  A.,  e.  as  rect.:  died.  Jan.  2,  1862  ;  disab. 

Woods,  S.  A.,  e.  Sept.  22, 1861 ;  died  Sept,  13, 1863. 


(Consolidated.) 

Company  A. 

Bilby,  Allen,  e.  Jan.,  1865  ;  rect.;  m.  o.  Jan.  21,  1866. 

Company  B. 

Second  Lieut.  J.  H.  McClay,  e.  Oct.  11,  1864 ;  m.  o.  Jan. 

21,  1865. 
Hart,  S.  B.,  e.  Jan.  6,  1865  ;  m.  o.  Jan.  5, 1866. 

Company  D. 

Barnes,  Lemuel,  e.  Jan.  17,  1865 ;  m.  o.  Jan.  21,  1866. 
Barnes,  John,  e.  Jan.  17,  1865;  m.  o.  Jan.  24,  1866. 

Company  F. 

Sergt.  F.  C.  Hadlev,  e.  Feb.  28,  1865  ;  m.  o.  Jan.  21,  1866. 
Corp.  T.  J.  Bolt,  e.  Feb.  28,  1805;  m.  o.  Jan.  21,  1866. 
Felter,  N.  B.,  e.  Feb.  28,  1865 ;  m.  o.  Jan.  21,  1866. 
Fisher,  Alvin,  e.  Feb.  28,  1865  ;  m.  o.  Jan.  21,  1866. 
richer,  C.  B.,  e.  Feb.  28,  1865  ;  m.  o.  Jan.  21,  1866. 
Miller,  Jacob,  e.  Feb  28,1865;  m.  o.  Jan.  21,  1866. 
•Shroyer,  Wm.,  e.  Feb.  28, 1865;  disd.  June  17,  1865;  disab. 
Willcutt,  J.  M.,  e.  Feb.  28,  1865;  m.  o.  Jan.  21,  1866. 


SEVENTY-SEVENTH  INFANTRY. 

The  regiment  was  fully  organized  and  mus- 
tered into  the  United  States'  service,  Sept.  3, 
1862,  at  Peoria,  111.  Remained  in  camp  at 
that  place  until  Oct.  4th,  at  which  time  it  pro- 
ceeded to  Covington,  Ky.,  and  reported  to 
Maj.  Gen.  Gordon  Granger,  commanding  the 
Army  of  Kentucky,  who  assigned  it  to  duty  in 
the  Division  commanded  by  Gen.  A.  .J.  Smith. 
Marched  from  Covington,  with  the  Division, 
Oct.  ITth,  and  reached  Lexington  on  the  2nth, 
and  Richmond,  2d  November.  Marched  from 
that  point  on  Nov.  11th,  and  arrived  at  Louis- 
ville on  the  17th. 

Nothing  of  any  interest  transpired  during 
the  sojourn  of  the  regiment  in  Kentucky — 
there  being  no  force  of  the  enemy  in  the  State 
at  that  time;  and  the  campaign  there  was 
merely  a  march  of  about    one    hundred   and 


fifty  miles  into  the  interior,  and  a  march  back 
again. 

Nov.  20,  1862,  the  regiment  embarked  on 
steamer  for  Memphis,  Tenn.,  in  company  with 
the  whole  Division,  under  same  commander 
Arrived  at  latter  place  Nov.  27th.  Remained 
there  until  Dec.  2()th.  The  Division  was  re- 
organized and  reported  for  duty  to  Maj.  Gen. 
Sherman.  ilmbarked,  at  Memphis,  on  the 
20th  of  December,  and  proceeded  down  the 
river  with  Sherman's  army,  for  the  capture  of 
Vickburg.  Disembarked  in  the  Yazoo  River, 
near  Chickasaw  Bayou,  on  the  27th.  The 
Seventy-seventh  occupied  the  extreme  right  of 
the  line,  and  participated  in  the  attack  on  the 
rebel  works.  After  four  days'  fighting,  the 
attack  was  abandoned,  and  the  army  embarked 
on  their  boats  and  proceeded  to  Milliken's 
Bend,  La.  At  this  place,  Maj.  Gen.  McCler- 
nand  arrived  and  assumed  command  of  the 
army.  He  organized  it  into  two  corps — the 
Thirteenth  and  Fifteenth.  The  Seventy-seventh 
was  assigned  to  the  Tenth  Division,  Thirteenth 
Army  Corps.  Division  commanded  by  Gen.  A. 
J.  Smith,  and  Corps  by  Gen.  McClernand. 
Left  ^lilliken's  Bend  Jan.  5,  1863,  and  ar- 
rived at  Arkansas  Post  on  the  10th.  Immedi- 
ately disembarked,  and,  on  the  following  morn- 
ing, participated  in  the  assault.  After  a  few 
hours'  hard  fighting,  carried  the  place,  by  as- 
sault, capturing  all  it  contained.  The  loss  to 
the  regiment  here  was  6  killed  and  39  wounded 
— some  of  the  latter  mortal.  The  regiment  in 
this  battle  behaved  admirably,  and  was  compli- 
mented by  the  commanding  General  for  its 
gallant  conduct. 

Jan.  14th,  again  embarked  and  proceeded  to 
Young's  Point,  La.  Arrived  there  on  the  22d, 
and  went  into  camp,  remaining  until  the  '.Hh 
of  ^larch,  engaged  in  the  digging  on  the  canal 
across  the  point  opposite  Vicksburg.  In  March, 
changed  camp  to  Milliken's  Bend.  In  the 
first  part  of  April,  the  Thirteenth  Corps 
marched  from  Milliken's  Bend  for  Grand  Gulf. 
The  Seventy-seventh  broke  camp  and  moved 
forward  about  the  middle  of  April.  Crossed 
the  river  below  Grand  Gulf,  on  the  last  day  of 
April,  and  marched  all  night,  arriving  at  Port 
Gibson  early  on  the  morning  of  the  1st  of 
May,  and  participated  in  the  engagement  there 
during  the  entire  day.  The  regiment  remained 
with  Gen.  Grant's  army  during  the  entire  cam- 
paign around  Vicksburg,  and  the  siege  of  the 
latter  place  until  its  surrender 

The  regiment  was  engaged  in  the  actions  at 
Champion  Hills.  May  17th,  Black  River  Bridge, 
May  lUth,  and  first  charge  on  Vicksburg,  May 
22d  and  23il,  losing  in  these  engagements  20 
killed,  86  wounded  and  26  missing.  Vicks- 
burg surrendered  on  the  4th  of  July,  and  the 
next  day  the  regiment  marched  for  Jackson, 
with  the  army  under  Sherman.  Arrived  there 
July  ctth,  and  was  under  the  fire  of  the  enemy 
at  that  place  until  the  16th  when  Jackson 
was  evacuated,  and  the  Seventy-seventh  re- 
turned to  Vicksburg.  Remained  in  camp  at 
Vicksburg  until  August  25th,  when  it  embarked 


WAR  HISTORY  AND  RECORD. 


467 


for  New  Orleans,  •where  it  remained  in  camp 
until  Oct.  3d.  Left  New  Orleans  at  that  time 
for  Western  Louisiana.  Marched  up  Bayou 
Teche,  through  Franklin  to  New  Iberia,  La. 
Camped  there  until  Dec.  6,  1863,  when  it 
marched  back  to  New  Orleans.  Left  New  Or- 
leans on  the  17th  of  December,  on  steamer, 
and  disembarked  at  Paso  Cavalo,  Texas,  on  the 
20th  of  December.  Remained  in  camp  until 
the  last  of  February,  then  embarked  on  vessels 
and  were  transported  to  Berwick  Bay,  La. 
From  there,  marched  through  to  Alexandria, 
La.,  with  the  army,  under  Gen.  Banks,  bound 
for  Shreveport.  From  Alexandria,  marched 
up  Red  River,  driving  the  enemy  until  Sabine 
Cross  Roads  was  reached,  on  the  8th  of  April, 

1864,  where  it  met  the  enemy  in  force,  and 
was  immediately  engaged.  The  Seventy-sev- 
enth belonged  to  the  Division  under  command 
of  Gen.  Ransom,  which  Division  was  first  or- 
dered forward  to  support  the  advance  cavalry. 
Before  the  army  could  be  brought  forward  to 
their  support,  the  whole  rebel  army  came  down 
on  them  and  overwhelmed  the  whole  Division. 
In  this  engagement,  the  Seventy-seventh  suf- 
fered terribly.  Lieut.  Col.  Webb  was  killed, 
instantly,  by  a  musket  ball  through  the  brain, 
and  176  officers  and  men  were  killed,  wounded 
and  made  prisoners,  leaving  only  about  one 
hundred  and  twenty-five  men  in  the  regiment 
for  duty.  On  the  next  day,  Gen.  A.  J.  Smith's 
corps  came  up,  and  at  Pleasant  Hill  another  bat- 
tle was  fought,  ending  in  the  complete  defeat  of 
the  rebels.  The  regiment  remained  with  Gen. 
Banks  throughout  his  retreat  down  Red  River, 
and  until  he  reached  the  Mississippi.  Here  it 
was  ordered  into  camp  at  Baton  Rouge,  until 
the  first  part  of  August.  At  that  time,  with 
five  or  six  other  regiments,  it  embarked,  and 
was  transported  to  Dauphine's  Island,  under 
the  command  of  Gen.  Gordon  Granger.  Here 
it  assisted  in  the  reduction  of  Forts  Gaines  and 
Morgan,  and  then  returned  to  Morganzia  Bend, 
on  the  Mississippi.  In  October,  regiment  was 
ordered  to  New  Orleans,  for  provost  duty,  and 
remained  there  until  the  first  part  of  March, 

1865,  when  it  was  assigned  to  the  First  Brigade, 
Third  Division,  Thirteenth  Array  Corps,  and 
transported  to  Mobile  Point,  where  it  joined 
Gen.  Canby's  army  for  the  capture  of  Mobile. 
Gen.  Granger  collected  his  Thirteenth  Army 
Corps  at  this  point,  and,  during  the  month  of 
March,  moved  up  the  Peninsula  toward  Span- 
ish Fort.  The  regiment  was  with  Gen.  Canby's 
army  during  the  entire  siege  and  capture  of 
Spanish  Fort,  Blakely  and  Mobile,  and  was 
under  fire  during  the  entire  time.  The  day 
following  their  entry  into  Mobile,  the  Third 
Division,  iii  which  the  Seventy-seventh  served, 
marched  out  of  the  city  and  proceeded  up  the 
Tombigbee  River,  in  search  of  Gen.  Dick  Tay- 
lor's army.  It  proceeded  up  the  river  about 
sixty  miles,  when  it  was  recalled  to  ISIobile — 
the  rebel  forces  throughout  the  country  having 
surrendered. 

Remained  in  camp  in  Mobile  until  July  10th, 
1865,  at  which    time   it  was  mustered  out  of 


service,  and  ordered  to  Springfield,  111.,  for 
final  payment  and  discharge,  where  it  arrived 
July  -ZSd,  1865. 

The  Seventy-seventh  Illinois,  during  its  term 
of  service,  was  engaged  in  sixteen  battles  and 
sieges,  and  in  every  one  of  them  carried  itself 
with  honor  and  credit  to  the  State. 


Major  Job.  M.  McCuUock,  e.  as  Capt.  Co.  C  Sept.  2, 1862 ; 

prmtd.  to  Major  April  8,1864;  trans.  aB  consd.,  and 

m.  o.  July  1,  1865. 
Second  Assistant  Surgeon  John  Stoner,  e.  Sept.  30,  1862  ; 

trans,  as   consd.  to   First   Assistant  Surgeon;  m.  o. 

July  10,  1865. 
Adjt.  Henry  P.  Ayres,  e.  as  Sergt.  Major   Aug.  5,  1862: 

prmtd.  to  Adjt.  May  15,  1863 ;  trans,  as  eonsd.;  m.  o. 

July  10,  1865. 
Hosp.  Steward  Joel  Allen,  e.  Aug.  8,  1862;  m.  o.  July  10, 

1865. 

Company  B. 

Herrick,  F.  G.,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862  ;    trans,  to  Co.  H ;  diad. 

Jan.  10,  1863. 
Trenier,  Jos,  e.  Aug.  12,  1862;    trans,   to    Co.  D;    m.  o. 

July  10,  1865. 
Williams,  J.  H.,  e.  Aug.  6, 1862  ;  trans,  to  Co.  H ;  absent 

Hick  at  m.  o. 

Company  C. 

Capt.  C.  F.  McCullock,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862,  as  First   Sergt.; 

prmtd.  to  Second  Lieut.  March  17,  1863,  and  to  Capt. 

April  8,  1864. 
First  Lieut.  Phillip  Jenkins,  e.  Sept.  2,  1862,  as   Second 

Lieut.;  prmtd.  to  First  Lieut.  March  17,  1863  ;  read. 

Feb.  12,  1864. 
First  Lieut.  Anderson  Wright,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862,  as  Sergt.; 

prmtd  to  First  Sergt.,  and  then  to  First  Lieut.  April 

8,  1864;  m.  o.  as  consd. 
Sergt.  Geo.  A.  Hart,  e.  Aug.  14,  1862;  died  Oct.  2,  1862. 
Sergt.  Jahew  Buckingham,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862 ;  prmtd.  to 

Sergt.  Major;  m.  o.  July  10,  1865. 
Corp.  J.  A.  Hutchinson,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862  ;  m.  o.  July  10, 

1865,  as  Sergt. 
Corp.  A.  G.  Thorn,  e.  Aug.  13, 1862;  m.  o.  June  17, 1865. 
Corp.  John  G.  Heron,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862;  disd.  J»n.l6, 1864, 

disab. 
Corp.  J.  H.  Drennen,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862;  Sergt.;  died  May 

26,  1863 ;  wd. 
Musician    Enoch   Buckingham,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862 ;    m.  o. 

July  10,  1865. 
Acres,  Sam!.  T.,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862;  mo.  o  July  10,  1865. 
Avery,  J.  W.,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862;  m.  o.  July  10,  1865,   as 

Corp 
Blackman,  A.  M..  e.  Aug.  13,  1862:  m.  o.  July -10,  1865. 
Calvert,  Minor,  e.  Aug.  13,  18G2;  m.  o.  July  10,  1865. 
Cotton,  0.  A.,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862 ;  trans,  to  V.  K.  C,  Sept. 

30,  1864. 
Carson,  W.  F.,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862 ;  m.  o.  July  10,  18G5. 
Carson,  Jno.  B.,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862;  died  Aug.  12,  1863. 
Drake,  James,  e.  Aug.  22,  1862;  died  June  6,  1863  ;  wd. 
Davis,  John  T.,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862  ;  ni.  o.  July  10,  1865. 
Dorson,  Andrew,  Aug.  13,  1862;  died  Dec.  25,  1862. 
Duchesne,   Lewis,  e.   Aug.   13,1862;  disd.  Feb.  7,  1863, 

disab. 
Duchesne,  H.   C,   e.   Aug.  21,  1862;  disd.  Feb.  7,1863, 

disab. 
Debolt,  Alex.,  e.  Aug.  13,1862;  disd.  Feb.  7, 1863,  disab. 
Enslow,  C.  C,  e.  Aug.  13, 1862;  m.  o.  July  10,  1  865. 
Fisher,  Jos.,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862;  m.  o.  July  10,  1865. 
Fisher,  Isaiah,  e.  Aug,  15,  1862;  m.  o.  July  10,  1865. 
Farrer,  Augustus,  e.  Aug.  13,1862;    supposed   killed  at 

Vicksburg. 
Gallop,  P.  W.,  e.  Ang.  13, 1862;  m.  o.  June  17, 1865. 
Gennoway,  C.  L.,   e.   Aug.  13,1862;  m.  o.  June  17,  1865; 

prisoner  of  war. 
Hart,  Saml.  M..  e.  Aug.  6,  1862 ;  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Hilsapeck,  D  W.,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862;  disd.   March  20,  1863, 

disab. 
John,  C.  H.,  e.  Aug.  13, 1862;  trans,  to  V.  R.  C,  April  28, 

1864. 
Kirbv,  H.  R.,  e.  Aug.  1.3,  1862;  disd.  July  12, 1863. 
Kerrick,  W.  M.,  a.  Aug.  13,  1862  ;  kid.  May  22,  1863. 
Lessly,  S.  A.,  e,  Aug.  14,  1862;  disd.  Oct.  W,  1863,  disab. 
Lay,  Geo.  M.„  e.  Aug.  13, 1862  ;  died  Jan.  10.  1863. 
McCormick,  Jno.  M..  e.  Aug.  'J,  1862;  m.  o.  July  10,  1865. 
Mann,  Edwin  R.,  e.  Aug.  11, 18(12  ;  m.  o.  July  10,  1865. 


468 


WAR  HISTORY  AND  RECORD. 


McCiillock,  F.  H.,  e.  Aug.  14,1802;  m.  o.  July  10, 1865. 
McCoy,  \Vm.  D.,  e.  Au}:.  14,  ISO:;;  trans,  to  130th  Inf. 
McCoj-,  J.  W.,  e.  Aug.  13,  1802  ;  m.  o.  Julv  10,  1805. 
Norris,  D.  H.,  »■.  Aug.  ]3,  18(52;  in.  o.  July  lo,  1S05. 
Palmer,  Bonaparte,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862;  m.  o.  July  10,  1865. 
Pariiham,  Reuben,  e.  Aug^  11,  1802  :  died  April  21,  1803. 
Phillips,  Jno.  G.,'  e.  Aug.  13,  1862 ;  disd.  March  25,  18G3, 

disab. 
Richard.-?,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862;  died  April  9,  1803. 
Ruftin,  Andrew,  e.  .\ng.  13,  1802  ;  m.  o.  July  10,  1805. 
Robbins,  .M.  V.,  e.  Aug.  13.  1862;  m  o.  July  10, 1805. 
Rogers,  Alma,  e.  Aug.  13, 1802;  disd.  Oct.  30,  1863,  disab. 
Sims,  Jos.  T.,  e.  Aug.  13,  1802 ;  m.  o.  June  17,  1865. 
Rims,  Jos.  R.,  e.  Aug.  1.^,  1862;  m.  o.  June  10,  1805. 
Sims,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862 ;  m.  o.  June  10,  1865. 
Stephenson,  Wm.,  e.  .\ug.  13,1862;  m.  o.  June  10, 1865. 
Scroggin,  A.  B.,   e.  Aug.  13,  1862;   disd.  Nov.  17,  1863, 

disab. 
Scher,  Anton,  e.  Aug.  13, 1862;  m.  o.  June  20, 1865. 
Stephenson,  W'm..  e.  Aug.  22.  1862;  m.  o.  Julv  10,  1865. 
Tom,  J.  M.,  e.  Aug  13,  1862;  disd.  Feb.  27,  1863,  disab. 
Thompson,  S.  P.,   e.   Aug.  13,  18621   disd.  March  9,  1803  ; 

disab.  ' 

Vanarsdall,  J.  W.,  e.  Aug.  11, 1802;  died  Feb.  23,  1803. 
Wald,  M.  J.,  e.  Aug.  11,  1802;  m.  o.  July  10,  1805. 
White,  \Vm.  W.,  e.  Aug.  13,  1802;  died  June  22,  1864. 
Hanna.  D.  W.,  e.  Jan.  19,  1805,  rect.;  trans,  to  130th  Inf. 
Linnville,  D.,  e.  as  rect.;  trans,  to  130th,  Inf. 
Safford,  D.  B.,  e.  Feb.  23,  1864,  rect.;   deserted  April  21, 

1805. 
Wedlej',  J.  H.,  e.  as  rect. ;  m.  o.  June  10, 1 865. 

Company  E. 

McTaggart,  Chae.,  e.  Starch  31,  1864;  trans  to  130th  Inf. 

Company  F. 

First  Lieut.  Wm.  0.  Hammers,  e.  Sept.  2, 1862 :  disd.  March 

28,  1863. 
Sergt.  Jas.  A.  Hammers,  e.  Aug.   22,  1862 ;  m.  o.  July  10, 

1865,  comd.  First  Lieut. 
Sergt.  E.  S.  Stoddard,  e.  Aug.  22,1862 ;  m.  o.  June  17, 1865, 

as  Corp. 
Cor^i.  Harman  McChesmy,  e.  Aug.  22,  1862;  disd.  Feb.  2, 

1863,  disab. 
Corp.  Francis  W.  Fisher,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862;  kid.  at  Yicks- 

burg.  May  22,  1863. 
Ash  worth.  Thomas,  e.  Aug.  22, 1862;  disd.  Feb.  4, 1863. 
Arrowsraith,  Wm.    T.,    e.  Aug.  22,  1802;    disd.  Jan.  4, 

18(i3. 
Arrowsmith,  John,  e.  Aug.  22,  1862;  m.  o.  June  17,  1865. 
Aid,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  22,  1862 ;  m.  o.  June  17,  1865. 
Aid,  Charles,  e.  Aug.  22,  1862;  m.  o.  June  17,  1805. 
Attick.  Geo.,  e.  Aug.  22,  1862  ;  m.  o.  July  10,  1805. 
Bell,  A.  C,  e.  Aug.  13,  1802 ;  ni.  o.  Julv  10,  1S65. 
Crew,  X.  J.,  e.  Aug.  22,  1862;  disd.  Jan.  30,  1862,  disab. 
Indy,  Peter,  e.  Aug.  22,  1862';  trans,  to  130th  111.  Inf. 
Mason,  Martin,  e.  Aug.  22, 1862;  kid.  at  A'icksburg,  May 

22,  1863. 
Rediger,  Jacob,  e.  Aug.  22,  1862;  m.  o.  July  10,  1805. 
Sampson.   Hamilton,   e.   Aug.  22,  1862;  trans,  to  Co.  H ; 

died  Feb.  4,1803. 
Smiley,  Marehall,  e.  Aug.  22, 1862;  m.  o.  June  17,  1865. 
Sifert,"  Harmon,  e.  Aug.  22,  1862;  m.  o.  June  17,  1805. 
Stoddard.  A.  D.,  e.  Aug.  22,  1862;  m.o.  June  17,  1865. 
Trump,  John,  e.  Aug.  22, 1862 ;  m.  o.  June  17, 1805. 
Waterman,  C.  P.,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862 ;  trans,  to  Co.  H  ;    m.o. 

Julv  10,  1805. 
Wilkinson,  R.  R.,  e.  Aug.  22, 1802;  m.  o.  June  17, 1865. 
Yeldon,  James,  e.  Auir.  18,  1802;   trans,   to  Co.  C;  died 

Feb.  26,  1803. 
Tonng,  Wm.,  e.  .\ug.  9, 1862 ;  trans,  to  Co.  H  ;  disd.  June 

id,  1863,  disab. 

Company  C. 

Patch,  Charles,  e.  Jan.  5,  1805,  rect. ;  trans  to  130th  111. 
Inf. 

Company  H. 

Capt.  L.  G.  Keedy,  e.  Sept.  2, 1802;  died  Jan.  23,  1803. 
Capt.  M.  B.  Parmeter,  e.  Sept.  2,   1862,  as   First   Lieut.; 

prmtd.  to  Capt.  Jan.  23,  1803;  m.  o.  July  10,  1865. 
First   Lieut.  Geo.  H.  Jenkins,  e.   Aug.  11,  1862,  as  First 

Sergt.;  prmtd.  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  23,1863 ;  resd.  Dec. 

14, 1863. 
First.  Lieut.  S.  S.  Heath,   e.  Aug.   6,   1862,  as  private; 

prmtd.  to  Second  Lieut.  Starch  1, 1863;  to  First  Lieut. 

Dec.  14, 1803 ;  m.  o.  at  consdn. 


Second  Lieut.  John  Filger,   e.   Sept.  2,  1862;  dismissed 

March  1,  1863. 
Second  Lieut.  Wm.  O.  McGowan,  e.  Aug.  11, 1862,  as  Corp.; 

prmtd.  to  Sergt.;  to  Second  Lieut.  5ec.  14,1864;  trans. 

to  13(]th  Regt. 
Sergt.  V.  P.  Peaborty,  e.  Aug.  9, 1862  ;  m.  o.  June  17,  1865. 
Sergt.  H  K.  Ferrin,  e.  Aug.  9, 1862;  disd.  Aug.  9,  1863; 

disab. 
Sergt.  J.  M.  Brown,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862;  disd.  June  3,  1863; 

disab. 
Corp.  David  Filger,  e.  Aug.  11, 1862;  m.o.  June  18, 1863; 

dis;ib. 
Corp.  T.  R.  Clark,  e.  Aug.  9.  1862;  m.  o.  July  10,  1865. 
Corp.  E.  D.  Davidson,  e.  Aug.  9,  1862;  m.  o.  July  10, 1865. 
Corp.  A.  D.  Addis,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862 ;  disd.  Jan.  5,  1863. 
Musician  R.  W.  Davidson,  e.  Aug.  9, 1862;  m.  o.  Julv  10, 

1865. 
Musician  Benj.  Wilson,  Jr.,  e.  Aug.  9, 1862 ;  disd.  June  10, 

18G5  ;  disab. 
Addis,  Wm.  H.,  e.  Aug.  12,  1862;  m.  o.  July  10, 1805. 
Bocock,  W.  H.,  e.  Aug.  9,  1862 ;  lu.  o.  July  10,  1805. 
Brooks,  J.  P.,  e.  Aug.  9,  1802;  died  Feb.  16,  1864. 
Clark,  James,  e.  Aug.  5, 1802 ;  died  March  24, 1803  ;  disab. 
Dunham,  Cbas.  E.,  e.  Aug.  5, 1802;  trans,  to  V.  R.  C.  Jan. 

1,  1864. 
Davis,  C.  L.,  e.  Aug.  6,  1802  ;  m.  o.  July  10, 1865. 
Davison,  A.  L.,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862 :  disd.  Aug.  22,  1805. 
Davison,  D.  W.,  e  Aug.  9, 1862;  disd.  Jan.  17, 1863. 
Denby,  Robt.,  e.  Aug.  8,  1862 ;  m.  o.  Julv  10, 1865. 
Fisher,  B.  F.,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862;  m.  o.  Julv  10,  1865. 
Grove,  Isaac,  e.  Aug,  11,  1S62 ;  kid.  April  8,  1864. 
Holmes,  F.  W.,  e  Aug.  9.  1862  ;  disd.  Dec.  23,  1803;  disab. 
Hollenbeck.  D.,  e  Aug.  i3,  1802;  disd.  April  22,  1805. 
Huxtable,  R.,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862;  m.  o.  July  10, 18C5. 
Irwin,  W.  D.,  e.  Aug.  9.  1862;  died  Jan.  27, 1863. 
Jerman,  W.  W.,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862;  disd.  March  12, 1863 ; 

disab. 
James,  C.  B.,  e.  Aug.  9,  1862 ;  m.  o.  July  10, 1865,  as  Corp. 
Julg,  Leo,  e.  Aug.  9,  1862 ;  m.  o.  July  17,  1805;  prisoner 

of  war. 
Ketchum,  .Toshua,  e  Aug.  11,  1802  ;  m.  o.  July  10,  1865. 
Knowles,  J.  L  ,  e.  Aug.  7,  1802 ;  disd.  Feb.  7.  1803  ;  disab. 
Linn,  B.  M.,  e.  Aug.  2,  1862  ;  died  Dec.  5,  1803.  * 

Longfellow,  J.  H.,  e.  Aug.  5,  1802;  died  Jlarch  29,  1863. 
Livingston,  H.,  e.  Aug.  8,1862;  m.o.  June  17, 1865;  prisr. 

of  war. 
Livingston,  N.,  e.  Aug.  9, 1862;  m.  o.  May  2.3,  1865. 
Marshall,  M.  G.,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862;   kid.  at  Vicksburg  3(ay 

22,  1863. 
Maring,  S.  W.,  e.  Aug.  9,  1862;  m.  o.  July  10,  1865. 
Mehlhorn,  F.,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862;  m.  o.  Julv  10,  1865. 
McCoy,  J.  P.,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862 ;  disd.  March  10,  1805. 
McSparren,  J.,  e.  Aug.  9,  1802;   m.  o.  July  10,  1865,  as 

First  Sergt.;  comd.  First  Lieut.,  but  not  mustered. 
Nye,  E.  R.,  e.  Aug.  0, 1802;  m.  o.  Julv  10,  1865. 
Phillips,  L.,  e.  Aug.  6,  1802;  m.  o.  July  10,  1865. 
Presinger,  F.,  e.  .■Vug.  9,  1802 ;  m.  o.  July  10,  1805. 
Pejjbodv,  T.  P..  e.  Aug.  9,  1802;  died  Jan.  11,  1863. 
Ruff,  Thus.,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862 ;  m.  o.  Mav  29,  1805. 
Richards,  N.  D.,  e.  Aug.  9, 1862 ;  m.  o.  July  10, 1865. 
Sampson,  E.  E.,  e.  Aug.  9.  1862;  died  March  25.  1863. 
Stewart,  M.,  e.  Aug.  12,  1862;  died  July  3,  1863;  wds. 
Swainderman,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  9,  1802;  m.  o.  June  17,  1865. 
Sutton,  E.  L.,  e.  Aug.  6,  1802  ;  died  Feb  3,  1803;  wds. 
Standaker,  J.,  e.  Aug.  8,  1802;  died  Jan.  10,  1863;  wds. 
Smiley,  N..  e.  Aug.  13,  1802  :  di.sd.  Xov.  0,  1803. 
Sampson,  A.,  e.  Aug.  13,  1802 ;  died  Aug.  6,  ISiS. 
Talbott,  Jas.,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862;  died  Feb.  9,  1803, 
Talbot,  John.  e.  Aug.  9,  1862;  disd.  Jan.  9.  1803;  disab. 
Trowbridge,  I.  D.,  e.  Aug.  11,  1802;  ra.  o.  July  10,  1865. 
Vance,  J.  D.,  e.  Aug.  9,  1802;  m.  o.  July  10,  1865. 
Van  Arsdale,  J.  W.,  e.  Aug  11, 1862 ;  m.  o.  July  10,  1805. 
Worthington,  W.  S.,  e.  .\ug.  2,  1802;   kid.  May  22, 1803, 

at  Vicksburg. 
Wilson,  F.  P.,  e.  Aug.  6, 1862 ;  kid.  May  22, 1863.  at  Vicks- 
burg. 
Wilkes,  L.  M.,  e.  Aug.  9,  1862;  died  Feb.  2,  1863. 
Williams,  J.  H.,  e.  Aug.  9,  1862  ;  absent,  sick,  at  m.  o.  of 

regt. 
Allen,  Wm.,  e.  March  24. 1864;  rect.;  trans,  to  130th  Inf. 
Hall,  C.  E.,  e.  Dec.  20, 1863;  rect.;  trans,  to  130th  Inf. 

EIGHTY-SIXTH  INFANTRY. 

The  Eighty-si.xth  Infantry  Illinois  Volun- 
teers was  organized  at  Peoria,  111.,  in  August, 
18ti2,  by  Col.  David  D.  Irons,  and  mustered  in 
Aug.  27th.     Moved  for  Louisville,  aud  camped 


WAR  HISTORY  AND  RECORD. 


469 


at  Jo  Holt,  on  the  Indiana  side,  Sept.  10, 1862. 
Was  assigned  to  Thirty-sixth  Brigade,  Col.  D. 
McCook,  with  Fifty-second  Ohio  and  Eighty- 
fifth  Illinois,  and  One  Hundred  and  Twenty- 
fifth  Illinois,  Eleventh  Division,  Brig.  Gen.  P. 
H.  Sheridan  commanding.  Marched  from 
camp  Oct.  1st,  and,  on  the  8th,  was  engaged  in 
the  battle  of  Perry ville,  losing  1  killed  and  14 
wounded.  Moved  thence  to  Crab  Orchard  and 
to  Nashville,  arriving  Nov.  7th.  Soon  after, 
moved  to  Milk  Creek.  Returned  to  Nashville 
Dec.  10th.  Moved  to  Brentwood,  April  8th, 
1863.  Returned  to  Nashville,  June  od.  On 
the  30th,  moved  to  Murfreesboro.  Returned 
July  r.tth.  Marched,  August  20th,  via  Frank- 
lin and  Columbia,  to  Huntsville,  Ala  ,  and,  on  | 
the  4th  of  September,  marched  to  Chattanooga,  i 
The  Eighty-sixth  was  here  assigned  to  the  Re- 
serve Corps,  under  Maj.  Gen.  Gordon  Granger. 
Engaged  in  the  battle  of  Chickamauga,  Sept. 
19th, '20th  and  21st.  Brigade  assigned  to  Sec- 
ond Division,  Fourteenth  Army  Corps.  Moved  i 
into  Lookout  Valley,  Oct.  29th.  In  the  night  I 
of  Nov.  "23d,  crossed  the  river  on  a  pontoon, 
and  camped  at  the  foot  of  Missionary  Ridge. 
Pursued  the  enemy,  on  the  26th,  to  Ringgold, 
and  was  then  ordered  to  Knoxville,  Tenn. 
Marched  as  far  as  Little  Tennessee  River,  and 
returned  to  Chattanooga,  Dec.  18th,  after  a 
most  severe  march.  AY  as  engaged  in  the  re- 
connoissance  to  Buzzard  Roost  Gap,  near  Dal- 
ton,  Feb.  24,  1864,  fighting  the  enemy  two  days. 
Lost  1  man  killed  and  7  wounded.  March 
6th,  moved  to  Lee  and  Gordon's  Mills,  and. 
May  3d,  joined  Gen.  Sherman'a  army  at  Ring- 
gold, Ga.  Was  engaged  at  Buzzai-d's  Roost, 
May  9th,  10th  and  11th  ;  Resaca,  May  14th 
and  loth;  Rome,  17th — 6  killed  and  11 
wounded ;  Dallas,  from  May  27th  to  June 
5th;  Kenesaw  Mountain,  from  June  11th  to 
27th — losing  1 10  killed  and  wounded. 

It  again  engaged  the  enemy,  on  the  banks 
of  the  Chnttahoochie,  on  the  I'Sth  of  July ;  at 
Peach  Tree  Creek  on  the  19th,  and,  near  At- 
lanta, 20th  and  22d.  Engaged  in  the  siege  of 
Atlanta,  Col.  Dillsworth  commanding  Brigade, 
Brig.  Gen.  J.  D.  Morgan  commanding  Divis- 
ion, and  Brevet  Maj.  Gen.  Jeff.  C.  Davis  com- 
manding Corps.  Was  engaged  at  Jonesboro, 
Sept.  1st.  Sept.  29th,  moved,  by  rail,  to  Athens, 
Ala.,  and  marched  to  Florence,  driving  Forrest 
across  the  Tennessee.  Moved  to  Chattanooga, 
and  thence  to  Galesville,  Ala.,  Kingston,  and 
to  Atlanta,  arriving  Nov.  15th. 

Commenced  the  "March  to  the  Sea"  Nov. 
16th.  Arrived  at  Savannah  Dec.  21st.  Moved, 
Jan.  20,  1^65,  on  the  campaign  of  the  Caro- 
linas — Brevet  Brig.  Gen.  B.  D.  Fearing  com- 
manding brigade.  Engaged  in  the  battle  of 
Averysboi-o,  March  16th,  and  of  Bentonville, 
19th  and  20th,  and  arrived  at  Goldsboro  on 
March  23d.  Marched  to  Raleigh,  April 
10th. 

After  the  surrender  of  Johnston,  marched, 
via  Richmond,  to  Washington  City,  at  which 
place  was  mustered  out  of  service,  June  6th, 
1865,  by  Lieut.  George  Scroggs,  A.  C.  M.,  and 


ordered  to  Chicago,  111.,  where  it  received  final 
pay  and  discharge. 

Died,   killed  and  wounded,  346.     Marched, 
3,500  miles  ;  by  rail,  2,000  miles. 


Company  A. 

Capt.  W.  S.  Magarity,  e.  Aug.  27, 1862;  resd.  Oct.  7, 1863. 
Capt.  Jos.  Major,  e.  Aug.  27, 18G2,  as  First  Lieut.;  prmtd. 

to  Capt.  Oct  7, 1863  ;  m.  o.  June  6,  1865. 
First   Lieut.   S.   T.  Rogers,  e.  Aug.    27,   1862,  as   Second 

Lieut.;  prmtd.  to  First  Lieut.  Oct.  7,  1863 ;  hon.  disd. 

Oct.  2.5,  1864. 
First  Lieut.  J.  J.  Jones,  e.  Aug.  8, 1862,  as  Fir.st  Sergt. ; 

prmtd.  to  First  Lieut.  Oct.  25,  1864  ;  m.  o.  June  6,  '65. 
Second  Lieut.  A.  W.  Stewart,  e.  Aug.  3,   1852,  as  Sergt. ; 

prmtd.  to  Second  Lieut.  June  12,  1865 ;  m.  o.  June  6, 

1865. 
Sergt.  J.  L.  Eadford,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862;  kid.  June  27, 1862. 
Sergt.  A.  Q.  Wilson,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862;  disd.   Jan.   20,  1863, 

disab. 
Sergt.  S.  E.  Brooks,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862;  m.  o.  June  6, 1865. 
Corp.  J.  G.  Stivers,  e.  Aug.  3, 1862  ;  died  Dec.  10,  1862. 
Corp.  J.  R.  Kinear,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862;  m.  o.  June  6, 1865,  as 

Sergt. 
Corp.  W.  M.  Bain,  e.  Aug.  3, 1862 ;  kid.  June  27,  1864. 
Corp.  Eber  Hotchkin,  e.  Aug.  6, 1862 ;  died  in  rebel  prison 

Feb.  20,  1865. 
Corp.   Frank  Horn,  e.  July  29, 1862;  died  in  rebel  prison 

Nov.  18,  1864. 
Corp.  J.  H.  Blubecker,  e.  Aug.  10, 1862;  m.  o.  June  6,  '65. 
Corp.  I.S.  Guest,  e.  July  26,  1862;  ni.  o.  June  6,  1865. 
Corp.  C.  A.  Chenoweth,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862 ;  kid.  June  27,  '64. 
Allison,   J.   A.,  e.  Aug.  9,  1862;  trans,  to  V.  R.  C.  Sept.  1, 

1863. 
Adams,  J.  W.,   e.   Aug.  9,  1862  ;  disd.  Jan.  28, 1863,  disab. 
Armstrong,  J.  C,  e.  Aug.  8, 1862;  died  at  Nashville  Nov. 

18,1862. 
Armstrong,  6.  E.,  e.  Aug.  7, 1862 ;  died  at  Nashville  Dec. 

27, 1862. 
Armstrong,   W.  G.,   e.  Aug.  8,  18G2;  died  at  Nashville 

Nov.  3(1,  1862. 
Brown,  Henry,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862;  trans,  to  Miss.  M.  Brig. 

May  27,  1863. 
Brown,  J.  T.,  e.  Aug.  11,   1862  ;  m.  o  June  6,  1865. 
Bullington,  A.  C,   e.  Aug.  11,  1862  ;  m.  o.   June  6,  1865, 

as  Corp. 
Baker,  H.  C,  e.  July  26,  1862  ;  m.  o.  June  6,  1865. 
Brubacker,   Peter,   e.   Aug.  7,   1862 ;  disd.  Jan.  14,  1863, 

disab. 
Childs,   E.   A.,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862;  m.  o.  June  13,  1865,  prisr. 

Carnahan,  H.  E.,  e.  July  26,  1862  ;  m.  o.  June  22,  1865. 
Clark,  E.  R.,   e.  Aug.   9,   18G2  ;  died  at  Nashville,  Jan.  9, 

1863. 
Chapman,  Jas.,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862  ;  m.  o.  June  22, 1865;  was 

prisr. 
Chittick,   Eobt.,   e.  Aug.  11,  1862;  died  at  Eureka,  111., 

April  6,  1865. 
Carr,  J.  A.,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862 ;  m.  o.  June  6, 1865,  as  Corp. 
Cramer,  Levi,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862  ;  m.  o.  June  6,  1865. 
Cable,  S.   P.,   e.   Aug.   8,   1862;  m.  o  June  6,  1865;  was 

prisr. 
Dougherty,   Thos.,    e.   Aug.   7,     1862 ;  kid.  at  Kenesaw 

Mountain,  Ga.,  June  27,  1864. 
Dixon,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862  ;  m.  o.  June  6, 1865. 
Dial,    Richard,  e.   Aug.  7,  1862 ;  trans,  to  Miss.  M.  Brig. 

May  27,  1863. 
Dial,  Philip,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862;  kid.  in  action  June  27,1864. 
Dehm,  Jno.,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862  ;  disd.  March  8, 1863,  disab. 
Davenport,  J.  L.,  e.  July  26,  1862 ;  m.  o.  June  6,  1865. 
Egbert,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862  ;  died  at  Nashville  March  2, 

1863. 
Flam,  Michael,  e.  Aug.  9,  1862 ;  m.  o.  June  6,  1865. 
Fletcher,   Irwin,  e.   Aug.  3,  1862 ;  trans,  to  Eng.  Corps 

June  15,  1864. 
Foley,  Thos.,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862;  m.  0.  June  29,  1865,  wd. 
Foote,  Chas.,   e.  July  26, 1862;  trans,  to  Y.  R.  C.  Nov.  1, 

1863. 
Graham,  L.  D.,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862;  disd.  Jan.  20,  1863,  disab. 
Grice,  S.  W.,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862;  died  at  Bowling  Green,  Ky., 

Nov.  5,  1862. 
Hallam,  W.  W.,  e.  July  25, 1862  ;  m.  o.  June  6, 1865. 
Howell,  \V.  H.,  e.  Aug.  7, 1»62  ;  kid.  at  Kenesaw  Moun- 
tain June  27,  1864. 
Haines,  N.  S.,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862;  disd.  Jan.  20,  1863,  disab. 
Ilerrick,  E.  M.,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862;  Corp;  died  at  N.  Y.  City 

March  6,  1865. 


470 


WAR  HISTORY  AND  RECORD. 


Holmes,  Robt.,   e.   Aug.  5,  1802 ;  m.  o.  June  6,  1865,  as 

Corp. 
Heiu,  Juo.,  e.  July  2(\  18G2;  trans,  to  V.  R.  C.  July  1,  '63. 
King,  Rufus,  e.  Aug.  3,  1862;   disd.  Oct.  9,  186-1,  as  Corp., 

wds. 
King,  J.  B.,  e.  July  26, 1862 ;  m.  o.  June  6,  1865. 
Longfellow,  W.  J.,  e.  July  26,  1862  ;  prmtd.  to  Com.  Sergt. 
Longfellow,   J.  C,  e.  July  26,  1862;  disd.  Nov.  26, 1863, 

disal). 
Long,  Hardin,  e.  Aug,  7,  1802;  m.  o.  June  16,  1865. 
Lehman,  Jno.,   e.   Aug.  7,  1862;  died  at   Nashville  June 

1.5,  1863. 
Lowerv,  J.  E.,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862 ;  disd.  Jan.  27, 1863,  disab. 
Mohr,  David,  e.  Aug.  7, 1862 ;  died  at  Nashville  Nov.  18, 

1863. 
Mohr,   Abram,  e.  Aug.  9, 1862 ;  trans,  to  V.  R.  C.  Feb.  11, 

1864. 
Martin,  J.  T.,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862 ;  m.  o.  June  6,  1865,  as  Corp. 
Martin,  W.  F.,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862  ;  died  July  16,  1864. 
McPeak,  E.  E.,  e.  Aug.  9,  1862;  m.  o.  June  6, 1865. 
Mecarta,  F.  C,  e.  Aug.  7,  1802  ;  disd.  Jan.  27,  1863,  disab. 
Mohr,  J.  F.,  e.  .\ug.  7,  186;;;  m.  o.  June  6,  1865. 
Miller,  J.  B.,  e.  Aug.  9,  1862;  disd.  Jan.  27,  1863,  disab. 
Manning,   Miles,   e.   Aug.  7,  1862;  disd.   April  11,  1865, 

disab. 
Oer,  Benj.,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862 ;  trans,  to  V.  R.  C.  Sept.  1, 1863. 
Payne,  R.  F.,  e.  July  26,  1862 ;  m.  o.  June  6,  1865. 
Pavne,  J.  E.,  e.  Aug.  7,  1S62;  disd.  Jan.  27,  1863,  disab. 
Pepper,  J.  S.,  e.  Aug.  11,  1802 ;  m.  o.  May  26,  1865. 
Perrin,  D.  R.,  e.   Aug.  7,  1862;  m.  o.  June  6,  1865. 
Ralston,  H.  J.,  e.  Aug.  3,  1862 ;    disd.  Jan.  27,  1863,  disab. 
Radford,  W.  L.,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862  ;  kid.  June  27,  1864. 
Rodebush,  G.  W.,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862 ;  m.  o,  June  6,  1865. 
Robeson,  J.  E.,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862;  m.  o.  June  6,  1865. 
Sutton,  Fenton,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862;  kid.  at   Kenesaw  Moun- 
tain, Ga.,  June  27,  1864. 
Stowell,  L.  E.,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862;  m.  o.  June  6,  1865. 
Snyder,  Morgan,  e  Aug.  7,  1862;  died  Nov.  28,  1862. 
Saunders,  Joseph,  e.  Aug.  3,  1862;  deserted  Nov.  22,  1862. 
Sisson,  Saml.,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862;  disd.  Jan.  2(1,  1865;  disab. 
Summers,  A.  H.,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862;  m.  o.  June  6,  1865. 
Stewart,  E.  E.,  e.   Aug    20, 1862  ;  died  at  Annapolis,  Md., 

Dec.  18,  1864. 
States,  Daniel,  e.  Aug. 7, 1862;  kid.  at  Kenesaw  Mountain, 

Ga.,  June  27,  1864. 
Tandy,  J.  W.,  e.  July  26,  1862;  disd.  Jan.  27,  1863  ;  disab. 
This,  John,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862;  m.  o.  June  6,  1865. 
This,  Frank,  e.  Aug.  7,  1862;  m.  o.  June  6,  1865,  as  Corp. 
This,  Charles,  e.  Aug.  7, 1862  ;  kid.  at  Kenesaw  Mountain, 

June  27,  1864. 
Trunnell,  W.  H.,  e.  Aug.  7, 1862;  died  April  28, 1863. 
Tomb,  Closier,  e.  Aug.  3,  1862  ;  died  Nov.  29,  1862. 
Tomb,  John,  e.  Aug.  3,  1862 ;  m.  o.  June  10,  1865,  as  Corp. 
Watson,  J.  H.,  e.  Aug.  7,  18«2  ;  m.  o.  June  6, 1865. 
Warble,  J.  R.,  e.  Aug.  8,  1862  ;  m.  o  June  6, 1865. 
DsLT^t,  H.  R.,  e.  Dec.  10,  1803;  rect. ;  trans,  to  Co.  G,  34th 

Inf.,  May  18, 1865. 
Grady,  J.  W.,  e.   Aug.  7,   1862;  rect;  kid.  at  Kenesaw 

Mountain,  June  27,  1864. 
Howard,  J.  W.,  e.  Jan.  18, 1865;  unassigned  ;  rect. 


ONE    HUNDRED  AND   EIGHTH 

INFANTRY. 

The  One  Hundred  and  Eighth  Dlinois  Vol- 
unteer Infantry  was  organized  and  rendez- 
voused at  Camp  Peoria.  The  first  company  of 
the  regiment  was  recruited  at  Pekin,  111.,  by 
Charles  Turner,  and  arrived  in  camp  on  the 
14th  day  of  August,  18G"J.  The  regiment  was 
organized  on  the  "iTth  of  August,  and  mustered 
into  the  service  of  the  United  States,  Aug.  28, 
1862.  Oct.  6th,  the  regiment  left  Camp  Peo- 
ria, by  rail,  for  Covington,  Ky.,  via  Logans- 
port,  Indianapolis  and  Cincinnati,  arriving  in 
Covington  on  the  morning  of  the  8th.  In  the 
organization  of  the  troops,  at  Covington,  Ky., 
the  One  Hundred  and  Eighth  Regiment  was 
assigned  to  the  First  Brigade,  Third  Division, 
Army  of  Kentucky — Col.  John  Coburn,  Thirty- 
third  Indiana  Infantry,  commanding  the  Bri- 
gade ;  Brig.   Gen.  A.  Baird,   commanding  the 


Division;  Maj.  Gen.  Gordon  Granger  com- 
manding the  Army.  The  regiment  here  drew 
the  necessary  transportation  and  camp  equij)- 
age,  and,  on  the  17th,  marched  with  the 
division  into  the  interior  of  the  State,  follow- 
ing the  retreating  enemy.  The  regiment 
passed  through  Falmouth,  Cynthiana,  Paris 
and  Lexington,  to  Nicholasville,  where  a  halt 
was  made,  and  the  troops  went  into  camp, 
Nov.  1st,  and  remained  until  the  14th. 

At  Lexington,  the  troops  were  reorganized, 
and  the  One  Hundred  and  Eighth  was  assigned 
to  the  Second  Brigade,  First  Division,  Army 
of  Kentucky — Col.  W.  G.  Landram,  of  Nine- 
teenth Kentucky,  commanding  Brigade,  and 
Brig.  Gen.  A.  J.  Smith  commanding  Division. 

Nov.  14th,  the  regiment  marched,  with  the 
Division,  for  Louisville,  via  Versailles,  Frank- 
fort and  Shelbyville.  Reached  Louisville  on 
the  10th,  and,  on  the  21st  embarked  on  board 
transports  for  Memphis,  Tenn.,  where  it  ar- 
rived on  the  26th  and  went  into  camp  near  the 
city.  The  troops  were  here  organized  for  a 
Winter  campaign,  and  Gen.  A.  J.  Smith's  Di- 
vision was  designated  as  the  First  Division, 
rRight  Wing,  Army  of  the  Tennessee.  The 
regiment  remained  at  ^Memphis,  performing 
picket  and  such  other  duty  as  was  required  of 
it,  until  the  20th  of  December,  when  it  em- 
barked on  board  the  "  City  of  Alton,"  and 
proceeded  with  the  expedition,  under  Maj. 
Gen.  W.  T.  Sherman,  against  Vicksburg.  There 
were  crowded  upon  this  boat  the^Brigade  Com- 
mander and  his  staff,  with  their  horses  and 
other  necessary  equipage  and  transportation, 
the  One  Hundred  and  Eighth  Regiment  Illi- 
nois Volunteer  Infantry  and  the  Forty-eighth 
Regiment  Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry,  together 
with  the  transportation,  horses,  mules  and 
equipage  belonging  to  both  regiments.  The 
expedition  proceeded  down  the  Mississippi 
River  to  the  mouth  of  the  Yazoo,  and  up  that 
river  to  .Johnson's  Landing,  near  Chickasaw 
Bluff,  where,  on  the  evening  of  the  28th,  the 
regiment  disembarked  and  bivouacked  for  the 
night.  On  the  morning  of  the  29th,  the  regi- 
ment moved,  with  the  Division,  upon  the 
enemy,  who  was  found  strongly  fortified  upon 
the  bluffs  running  nortlieast  from  the  city  of 
Vicksburg.  Here,  in  the  engagement  of  Chick- 
asaw Bayou,  the  One  Hundred  and  Eighth  first 
met  the  enemy.  In  this  engagement,  the  regi- 
ment occupied  the  extreme  right  of  the  Union 
line,  its  right  resting  on  the  Mississippi  River. 
There  was  no  heavy  fighting  on  this  part  of  tlie 
line,  but  some  sharp  skirmishing.  The  regi- 
ment began  skirmishing  with  the  enemj'  on  the 
afternoon  of  the  29th,  and  quite  a  rapid  fire 
was  kept  up  until  dark,  when,  in  compliance 
with  orders,  the  line  was  withdrawn  about 
three  hundred  yards,  and  held  during  the 
night.  On  the  morning  of  the  30th,  the  line 
was  again  advanced  to  re-take  the  former  posi- 
tion, which,  it  was  found,  had  been  occupied 
by  the  enemy.  A  lively  skirmish  here  took 
place,  which  lasted  about  half  an  hour,  and 
resulted  in  the  enemy  being  compelled  to  re- 


WAR  HISTORY  AND  RECORD. 


471 


tire,  with  considerable  confusion,  with  the  loss 
of  7  killed  and  4  prisoners  captured  by  the 
regiment.  The  orders  to  the  regiment  were  to 
retake  and  hold  its  former  position,  and,  hav- 
ing done  this,  no  attempt  was  made  to  do  more. 
About  noon,  the  regiment  was  relieved  and  al- 
lowed to  fall  back  and  rest,  and  make  coflee. 

On  the  1st  of  January,  1863,  the  One  Hun- 
dred and  Eighth  was  again  ordered  to  the 
front,  where  it  remained,  on  the  skirmish  line, 
until  midnight,  when,  just  as  the  clock  on  the 
court  house  in  Vicksburg  told  the  hour  of  1, 
in  compliance  with  orders  received  early  in 
the  night,  the  regiment  silently  withdn^w,  and, 
with  one  section  of  the  Chicago  Mercantile 
Battery,  covered  the  retreat  of  Gen.  Sherman's 
army.  The  regiment  reached  Johnson's 
Landing  before  daylight,  on  the  morning  of 
the  2d,  and  immediately  re-embarked  on 
board  the  steamer  "City  of  Alton."  Al- 
though the  lines  of  the  two  armies  were  so 
close  to  each  other  that  the  men  could  dis- 
tinctly hear  the  voices  of  their  opponents,  yet 
the  plans  for  the  retreat  were  so  well  laid  and 
executed  that  the  enemy  did  not  discover  it 
until  the  whole  fleet  was  steaming  down  the 
Yazoo. 

The  fleet  proceeded  down  the  Yazoo  River  to 
the  Mississippi.  Thence,  up  that  river,  to  the 
mouth  of  the  White  River,  and  up  that  river, 
and  through  acut-oif,  into  the  Arkansas,  to  Ar- 
kansas Post,  where,  on  the  afternoon  of  the 
10th  of  January,  the  regiment  disembarked 
and  participated  in  the  investment  of  that  fort, 
and,  on  the  following  day,  bore  an  active  part 
in  that  most  brilliant  and  successful  engage- 
ment. In  a  report,  afterward  made  by  the 
regimental  commander,  he  says  : 

"At  H  P.  M.,  we  were  ordered  to  advance, 
through  a  narrow  strip  of  timber  and  across 
an  open  field,  within  short  range  of  the  enemy's 
guns,  to  within  pistol  shot  of  the  fort.  The 
engagement  at  this  part  of  the  line  was  terrific. 
From  the  time  the  order  to  advance  was  given, 
the  officers  and  men,  without  a  single  excep- 
tion, displayed  a  coolness  and  courage  which, 
taking  into  consideration  the  fact  of  its  being 
the  first  time  the  regiment  was  ever  under  a 
heavy  fire,  deserves,  in  my  humble  opinion, 
special  commendation." 

The  casualties  in  the  One  Hundred  and 
Eighth,  during  this  engagement,  were  13  men 
wounded.  On  the  17th  of  January,  the  fleet 
was  again  moving  down  stream  and  proceeded 
to  Young's  Point,  La.,  nearly  opposite  to 
Vicksburg,  where,  on  the  24tli  of  January, 
1863,  the  regiment  disembarked  and  went 
into  camp.  The  long  confinement  on  the  trans- 
ports and  want  of  pure  air  and  sanitary  con- 
veniences, during  this  expedition,  cost  the 
regiment  more  lives  than  all  other  causes  dur- 
ing its  term  of  service — one  officer,  Philo  W. 
Hill,  First  Lieutenant  Company  A,  and  134 
men,  died  during  the  months  of  February  and 
March,  1863. 

Maj.  Gen.  J.  A.  McClernand  assumed  com- 
mand of  the  expedition  before  the  engagement 


at  Arkansas  Post,  and  the  title  of  the  army  was 
changed  to  "The  Army  of  the  Mississippi." 
The  organization  of  the  Division  remained  the 
same  as  before,  and  the  Division  was  desig- 
nated as  the  Tenth  Division,  Thirteenth  Army 
Corps.  The  regiment  remained  in  camp  at 
Young's  Point,  performing  picket  duty  and 
working  on  the  famous  canal,  until  the  10th 
of  March,  when  it  embarked  on  board  the 
"Spread  Eagle"  for  Milliken's  Bend,  La.,, 
where  it  again  went  into  camp.  April  15th, 
the  regiment  broke  camp  and  marched  with 
the  Corps  and  Division  across  the  country,  via 
Richmond,  Smith's  Plantation  and  along  Lake 
St.  Joseph  to  Hard  Times,  landing  on  the 
Mississippi  River  nearly  opposite  to  Grand 
Gulf,  Miss.  ;  thence  down  along  the  levee, 
about  two  miles,  to  Brandenburg,  arriving 
there  on  the  night  of  the  29th  of  April.  On  the 
afternoon  of  the  next  day,  the  regiment  crossed 
the  Mississippi  River  on  board  the  iron-clad 
gunboat  "Lafayette,"  which  had  run  the  bat- 
teries of  both  Vicksburg  and  Grand  Gulf.  On 
the  morning  of  May  1st,  at  1  o'clock,  the  regi- 
ment was  on  the  march.  After  marching  rap- 
idly until  about  8  o'clock  A.  M.,  it  arrived  upon 
the  battle  field  of  Port  Gibson,  sometimes  called 
the  battle  of  Magnolia  Ridge,  near  Port  Gibson, 
Miss.  Fighting  had  begun  before  the  regiment 
arrived,  and  there  was  no  time  given  for  rest ; 
but  it  immediately  moved  into  position.  The 
fighting  on  that  part  of  the  line  occupied  by  the 
One  Hundred  and  Eighth  was  not  very  heavy, 
but  the  manoeuvering  was  very  fatiguing.  The 
day  was  excessively  hot,  with  scarcely  a  cloud 
to  break  the  piercing  rays  of  the  sun,  and  the 
regiment  was  kept  almost  constantly  in  motion, 
marching  and  counter-marching  over  steep  and 
rugged  hills,  until  nearly  sunset,  and  there 
had  been  no  time  for  rest  since  midnight. 

After  a  very  circuituous  march,  the  Thir- 
teenth Army  Corps  and  with  it  the  One  Hun- 
dred and  Eighth  Illinois  Volunteers,  reached 
Champion  Hills  on  the  16th  of  May,  where  the 
enemy  were  again  met,  and  driven  from  the 
field.  The  regiment  performed  its  part  in  this 
bloody  battle,  after  which  it  was  detached  from 
its  Brigade  and  Division,  and  assigned  to  the 
duty  of  guarding  prisoners  of  war.  On  the 
17th,  the  regiment  moved,  with  the  prisoners, 
to  Black  River  Bridge,  where  it  was  joined  by 
the  Twenty-third  Iowa  Infantry,  with  another 
large  lot  of  prisoners.  The  number  which  both 
regiments  then  had  in  charge  was  about  four 
thousand  five  hundred.  On  the  night  of  the 
UHh,  it  reached  the  landing  at  Haines'  Bluif, 
on  the  Yazoo  River,  and  on  the  20th  embarked, 
with  a  portion  of  the  prisoners,  on  board  the 
"  Fanny  Bullitt,"  and  proceeded  to  Young's 
Point,  and  went  into  camp  near  the  same 
ground  occupied  by  the  regiment  five  months 
before.  On  the  25th,  the  regiment  embarked, 
with  the  prisoners,  on  board  the  steamer 
"Gladiator,"  and  proceeded  to  Memphis,  Tenn., 
where  its  charge  was  transferred  to  the  com- 
mand there,  and  the  One  Hundred  and  Eighth 
returned    to    Young's    Point,    on    board    the 


472 


WAR  HISTORY  AND  RECORD. 


steamer  "  Emerald."  On  the  passage  down, 
the  boat  was  several  times  fired  into  by  guer- 
rillas from  the  shore,  and  one  man,  Peter  C. 
Earner,  of  Company  K,  was  severely  wounded 
in  the  leg. 

The  regiment  remained  at  Young's  Point, 
performing  various  kinds  of  duty,  until  after 
the  surrender  of  Vicksburg.  They  assisted  in 
keeping  up  a  line  of  pickets  across  the  point 
of  land  immediately  opposite  the  city  of  Vicks- 
burg. This  line,  together  with  the  gunboats, 
above  and  below  the  city,  formed,  with  tlie 
lines  on  the  east  side  of  the  river,  a  complete 
circuit  around  Vicksburg.  Large  details  of 
men  from  the  One  Hundred  and  Eighth  as- 
sisted in  working  the  heavy  mortars  upon  the 
mortar  boats,  above  the  city,  and  several  men 
Were  permanently  injured  by  the  concussion  of 
their  discharge.  On  the  18th  of  July,  the 
regiment  crossed  over  into  the  city,  and  re- 
ported to  Maj.  Gen.  ■SlcPherson,  commanding 
Seventeenth  Army  Corps,  and  went  into  camp. 
July  26lh,  the  regiment  embarked  and  went 
to  Memphis,  and  reported  Maj.  Gen.  Hurlbut 
on  the  29th  ;  and  on  the  6th  of  August  it 
proceeded,  by  rail,  to  La  Grange,  Tenn.  The 
regiment,  upon  it  arrival  at  La  Grange,  was 
assigned  to  the  First  Brigade,  Second  Division, 
Sixteenth  Army  Corps. 

Oct.  28,  1863,  the  regiment  broke  camp  and 
marched  to  Pocahontas,  Tenn.,  and  garrisoned 
that  post  until  the  9th  of  November — its  Col- 
onel, Charles  Turner,  commanding  the  post. 

On  the  evening  of  the  9th  of  November,  the 
Regiment  proceeded,  by  rail,  to  Corinth,  Miss., 
where  it  remained  on  duty  until  that  place  was 
evacuated  by  our  troops,  on  the  25th  of  Janu- 
ary, 18G4,  when  it  proceeded,  by  rail,  to  Mem- 
phis, and  went  into  camp  just  outside  the 
southern  part  of  the  city.  Here  they  were 
assigned  to  the  Second  Brigade,  District  of 
Memphis,  Sixteenth  Army  Corps. 

On  the  2d  of  June,  1864,  about  one  hundred 
and  thirty  men  and  officers  from  all  the  com- 
panies of  the  regiment  marched  with  the  expe- 
dition under  Brig.  Gen.  Sturgis,  which  left 
Memphis  at  that  time  to  attack  the  enemy  un- 
der Gen.  Forrest.  The  weather  was  bad,  and 
the  roads  became  almost  impassable  in  many 
places.  It  rained  every  day  for  the  first  nine 
days  that  the  expedition  was  out.  On  the  10th 
of  June,  the  cavalry  engaged  the  enemy,  and 
the  infantry  were  hurried  forward  as  rapidly 
as  possible,  and  went  into  the  fight  without 
rest,  and  by  regiments,  as  they  came  up. 

Aug.  21,  1864,  when  Forrest  made  his  noted 
raid  into  the  city  of  Memphis,  the  One  Hun- 
dred and  Eighth  did  good  service  in  compelling 
him  to  make  a  hasty  retreat. 

Feb.  28,  1865,  the  regiment  broke  camp  at 
Memphis,  and  embarked  for  New  Orleans,  La., 
where  it  joined  the  Sixteenth  Army  Corps,  un- 
der Maj.  Gen.  A.  J.  Smith,  and  was  assigned 
to  the  Third  Brigade,  Third  Division,  and  its 
Colonel,  Charles  Turner,  assigned  to  command 
the  Brigade.  March  12th,  embarked  on  board 
the  ocean  steamer,  "  Guiding  Star,"  for  Fort 


Gaines,  on  Dauphine  Island.  The  steamer 
grounded  on  the  bar  at  the  moutli  of  the  Mis- 
sissippi River,  and  did  not  reach  Dauphine 
Island  until  the  16th,  when  the  regiment  dis- 
embarked and  bivouacked.  Here,  Col.  J.  L. 
Geddes,  of  the  Eighth  Iowa  Infantry,  being 
the  senior  officer,  assumed  command  of  the 
Brigade.  On  the  21st  of  March,  the  regiment 
embarked  and  proceeded  up  Mobile  Bay  and 
Fish  River  to  Danley's  Mills,  about  twenty- 
five  miles  from  its  mouth,  and  bivouacked  uq- 
til  the  morning  of  the  25th,  when  it  marched 
with  the  Corps  in  the  direction  of  Mobile. 
Early  on  the  morning  of  the  27tli,  the  enemy 
was  met  and  driven  within  his  works,  at  Span- 
ish Fort,  the  strongest  of  Mobile's  defenses. 
Heavy  fighting  was  kept  up  all  day,  and  in 
the  night  siege  works  were  begun.  The  One 
Hundred  and  Eighth  Illinois  occupied  the  ex- 
treme riglit  of  the  Union  lines,  whicli,  in  this 
siege,  was  a  most  important  position,  for  it 
was  expected  that  the  enemy  would  attempt  to 
turn  this  flank.  The  works  of  the  regiment 
were  pushed  to  within  one  hundred  yards  of 
the  enemy,  the  men  working  both  night  and 
day,  and  under  a  constant  fire  from  the  sharp- 
shooters stationed  behind  the  enemy's  works. 
The  siege  of  this  stronghold  lasted  thirteen  days, 
and  was  brought  to  a  close  on  the  night  of  the 
8th  of  April,  when  the  Third  Brigade,  Third  Di- 
vision, Sixteenth  Army  Corps,  to  which  this 
regiment  belonged,  charged  the  enemy's  works 
from  the  works  constructed  by  this  regiment, 
and  which  they  had  pushed  about  two  hundred 
yards  nearer  to  those  of  the  enemy  than  any 
other  point  on  the  Hue.  The  casualties  in  the 
One  Hundred  and  Eighth,  during  the  siege  and 
assault,  were  3  men  killed,  and  1  officer,  Capt. 
W.  M.  Bullock,  Company  E.,  severely  wounded, 
and  10  men  wounded. 

April  9th,  the  regiment  marched  with  the 
Sixteenth  Corps  in  the  direction  of  Montgom- 
ery, Ala.,  where  it  arrived  on  the  25th.  Here 
it  remained  until  the  18th  of  July,  performing 
provost  duty.  While  here,  Col.  Geddes  re- 
signed and  Col.  Turner  succeeded  to  the  com- 
mand of  the  Brigade,  and  also  to  the  post  of 
Montgomery. 

July  18th,  the  regiment  again  broke  camp, 
this  time  for  the  pleasing  and  happy  purpose 
of  returning  to  the  homes  from  which  they  had 
been  absent  for  three  long  and  bloody  years  of 
war.  The  regiment  moved,  by  boat,  to  Selma; 
thence,  by  rail,  to  Jackson,  Miss.,  via  Demop- 
olis  and  Meridian.  From  Jackson,  the  regi- 
ment marched  to  Black  River,  and  thence 
proceeded,  by  rail,  to  Vicksburg. 

On  the  5th  of  Atigust,  1865,  the  final  mus- 
ter-out rolls  were  signed  by  the  mustering 
officer,  and  the  regiment  embarked  for  Cairo. 
From  thence  it  proceeded,  by  rail,  to  Chicago, 
111.,  where,  on  the  11th  day  of  August,  it  was 
paid  and  finally  discharged  from  the  service  of 
the  United  States. 


Lieut.  Col.  R.  L.  Sidwell,  e.  Aug.  28,  1862,  as  Major; 
IH-nitd.  to  Lieut.  Col.  March  13,  1863;  read.  Oct.  26, 
1864. 


(■  Pi 


Michael  Wagner 

WORTH  TP. 


WAR  HISTORY  AND  RECORD. 


475 


Surgeon  R.  A.  Conover,  e.  Aug.  28, 1862,  as  Second  Asst. 
Surgeon;  prmtd.  to  First  Asst.  Feb.  28,  1863,  and  to 
Surgeon  Sept.  8,  1863 ;  m.  o.  Aug.  5,  1865. 

First  .^sst.  Surgeon  A.  H.  Kinnear,  e.  Feb.  6,  1864 ;  m.  o. 
Aug.  5,  1865. 

Q.  M.  Samuel  C.  Still ;  m.  o.  Aug.  5,  1865  ;  commissioned 
Second  Lieut.,  but  not  mustered. 

Com.  Sergt.  A.  M.  Attebery ;  m.  o.  July  27,  1865  ;  com- 
missioned First  Lieut.  Co.  K,  but  not  mustered. 

Company  B. 

Eiter,  Christian,  e.  Aug.  9,  1862  ;  m.  o.  Aug.  5,  1865. 
Smith,  Peter,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862;  m.  o.  Aug.  5,  1865. 

Company  D. 

Capt.  David  R.  McCutchen,  e.  Aug.  28,  1862;    m.  o.  Aug. 

5,  1865. 
First   Lieut.  Wm.  A.  Stewart,  e.  Aug.   28,  1862;    died. 

March  28,  1863. 
First  Lieut.  Geo.  H.  Meggure,  e.  Aug.  28, 1862,  as  Second 
Lieut.;  prmtd.  to  First  Lieut.  Blarch  28,1863;  m.  o. 
Aug.  5,  1865. 
Second  Lieut.  Gabriel  Woods,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862,  as  Sergt.; 
commissioned   Second   Lieut.   Aug.   1,  18G5,  but  not 
mustered  ;  m.  o.  Aug.  5,  1865. 
Sergt.  Wm.  M.  Williams,  e.  Aug.  12,  1862  ;  m.  o.  Aug.  5, 

1865. 
Sergt.  George  Strasbraugh,  e.  Aug.  13, 1862  ;  died  Sept.  11, 

1863. 
Sergt.  D  F.  Snead,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862;  disd.  March  11,1863. 
Sergt.  John  S.  Blue,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862;  m.  o.  Aug.  5,  1865. 
Corp.  John  Herberts,  e.  Aug.  8,  1862 ;  deserted  Nov.  23, 

1863. 
Corp.  L.  T.  Hanna,  e.  Aug.  13, 1862;  died  Feb.  22,  1863. 
Corp.  John  Arnold,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862;  disd.  Feb.  27.  1863. 
Corp.  John  M.  Maxwell,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862;   died   Feb.  28, 

1863. 
Corp.  David  McClintock,  e.  Aug.  13, 1862 ;  m.  o.  Aug.  5, 

1865,  as  Sergt. 
Corp.  Wm.  B.  Ray,  e.  Aug.  19,  1862;  m.  o.  Aug.  5, 1865. 
Corp.  S.  P.  Beltz,  e.  Aug.  15, 1862 ;  died  Feb.  4,  1863. 
Corp.  Charles  Kingdon,  e.  Aug.  20,  1862 ;    died  April  8, 

1863. 
Musician  J.  M.  Woods,  e.  Aug.  14,  1862 ;  disd.  March  8, 

1863. 
Musician  D.  B.  Smiley,  e.  Sept.  16,  1862;   disd.  March  5, 

1865. 
Wagoner  W.  H.  Cooper,  e.  Aug.  15, 1862;    died  June  18. 

1S63. 
Arnold,  Stephen,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862 ;  m.  o.  Aug.  5, 1865,  as 

Corp. 
Atwood,  M.  V.  B.,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862  ;  m.  o.  Aug.  5,  1865. 
Atlebury,  David,  e.  Aug.  14,  1862 ;   trans,  to  Co.  E ;  m.  o. 

Aug.  5,  1865,  as  Sergt. 
Barnes,  H.  C,  e.  Aug.  12,  1862;   trans,  to  Co.  B;  m.  o. 

Aug.  5, 1865,  as  Corp. 
Bowman,  John,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862  ;  died  in  Andersonville, 

Oct.  2,  1864  ;  No.  of  grave,  1(1,791. 
Betts,  Andrew,  e.  Aug.  20,  1862  ;  died  Jan.  31,  1863. 
Brown,  J.  H.,  e.  Aug.  16,  1862;  trans,  to   Co.  G;  deserted 

Dec.  4,  1862. 
Barney,  C.  E.,  e.  Aug.  14,  1862;  trans,  to  Co.  K. 
Brooks,  M.,  e.  Sept.il,  18G2;  m.  o.  Aug.  5,  1865. 
Carpenter,  D.  H.,  e.  Sept.  20, 1862;  disd.  Sept.  4,  1866. 
Causey,  J.  H.,  e.  Aug.  14,  1862 ;  trans,  to  Co.  E;  died  Feb. 

18,  1863. 
Engles,  C,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862  ;  died  Oct.  4,  1862. 
Evans,  E.  W.,  e.  Aug.  15,  1862  ;   trans,  to  Co.  E;    absent 

sick  at  m.  o.  of  regt. 
Fisher,  John,  e.  Aug.  15,  1862;  deserted  Oct.  5,  1862. 
Hanna,  Leroy,  e.  Aug.  20,  1862  ;  deserted  June  29,  1863. 
Hanna,  Lewis,  e.  Aug.  20,  1862  ;  died  March  28,  1863. 
Hatfield,  J  ,  e.  Aug.  14, 1862 ;  m.  o.  Aug.  5,  1865. 
Hoover,  Geo.,  e.  Aug.  20,  1862  ;  died  at  Memphis  July  31, 

1863. 
Knobles,  P.,  e.  Aug.  20, 1862;  died  in  Andersonville  Aug. 

28, 1864;  No.  of  grave,  11,891. 
Leabo,  I.  J.,  e.  Aug.  20,  1862;  died  Jan.  17,  1863. 
McCord,  F.  J.,  e.  Sept.  16,  1862;  died  March  4,  1863. 
Mobs,  Thos.,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862;  died  Jan.  24,  1863. 
Miller,  F.,  e.  Aug.  12,  1862;  m.  o.  Aug.  5,  1865,  as  Corp. 
Piper,  BIyron,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862;  m.  o.  Aug.  5,  1865. 
Park,  John,  e.  Aug.  20,  1862 ;  deserted  March  20, 1864. 
Sharp,  Robert,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862 ;  disd.  Sept.  30,  1863. 
Stuat,  Conrad,  e.  Aug  15,  1862;  deserted  Oct.  4,  1862. 
Shaw,  T.,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862 ;  m.  o.  Aug.  5,  1865,  as  Corp 
Siller,  John,  e  Aug.  14, 1862  ;  died  March24,  1863. 


Stitt,  S.,  e.  Aug.  15,  1862  ;    trans,  to  Co.   E;    prmtd.  to  Q 

M.  Sergt. 
Smith,  Ed.,  e.  Aug.  12,  1862  ;  trans,  to  Co.  I. 
Sloat,  C.  F.,  e.  Aug.  28,  1862;  trans,  to  Co.  B  ;  m.  o.  Aug. 

5,  1865. 
Snead,  R.,  e.  Sept.  16,  18i,j  ;  deserted  Oct.  5,  1862. 
Snead,  T.  M.,  e.  Sept.  16,  1862  ;  deserted  Nov.  23,  1862. 
Turner,  Geo.  R.,  e.  Aug.  21,  1862;   trans,  to  Co.  B. 
Taylor,  Ambro.se,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862  ;  absent,  wd.  at  m.  o.of 

regt. 
Wood,  Leroy,  e.  Aug.  20,  1862;  deserted  Oct.  4,  1862. 
Wallace.  G.  B.,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862  ;    m.  o.  Aug.  6,  1865,  as 

Sergt. 
Wagner,  J.,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862;  m.  o.  Aug.  5, 1865,  as  Sergt. 
Widdowsisken,  H.,  e.  Aug.  20,  1862;  disd.  March  24,1863. 
Williamson,  J.,  e.  Aug.  14,  1862;  trans,  to  Co.  E ;  m.  o. 

Aug.  5,  1865,  as  Corp. 
Arledge,  David,  e.  Jan.  27, 1865,  rect. ;  trans,  to  47th  Inf. 

Company  E. 

Capt.  Winfield  M.  Bullock,  e.  Aug.  28,1862;  hon.  disd. 

May  15,  1865. 
Capt.  Wm.  A.  Davidson,  e.  Aug.  28, 1862,  as  Second  Lieut. ; 

prmtd.  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  13, 1863,  and  to  Capt.  July 

13,  1865;  m.  o.  Aug.  5,  1865. 
First  Lieut.  F.  F.  Briggs,  e.  Aug.  28,  1862 ;    resigned  Jan. 

13,  1863. 
First  Lieut.  A.  G.  Oatman,   e.    as   Sergt.   Aug.   11,   1862; 

prmtd.  Jan.  13,  1863,  to   Second  Lieut.;    prmtd.  to 

First  Lieut.  July  13,  1865 ;  m.  o.  Aug.  5,  1865. 
Second    Lieut.   Saml.   C.   Still,    e.   as  Wagoner,  Aug.  15, 

1862 ;   prmtd.  to  Second   Lieut,   and   m.  o.  as  Q.  M. 

Sergt.  Aug.  5,  1865. 
First  Sergt.  R.  0.  Slough,  e.  Aug.  15,1862;    reported  de- 
serted April  1,  1863. 
Sergt.  P.  F.  Kellogg,  e.  Aug.  8,  1862  ;  m.  o.  Aug.  5,  1865. 
Sergt.  D.  V.  B.  Hallom,  e.  Aug.  15,  1862  ;  detached  at  m. 

o.  of  regt. 
Sergt.  Philip  Real,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862 ;  m.  o.  Aug.  5,  1865. 
Corp.  Wm.  Band,  e.  Aug  8,1862;  disd.  Feb.  26, 1863,  disab. 
Corp.  S.  West,  e.  Aug.  15,  1862  ;  disd.  April  1, 1863,  disab  . 
Corp.  L.  Laws,  e.  Aug.  15,  1862;  m.  o.  Aug.  5.  1865 
Corp.  A.  M.  Attebery,  e.  Aug.  15,  1862;    prmtd.  to  Com. 

Sergt. 
Corp.  T.  M.  Wiles,  e.  Aug.  21,  1862;  m.  o.  Aug.  5,  1865. 
Corp.  T.  H.  Siemens,  e.  Aug.  14,1862;   died  Feb.  28,  1863. 
Corp.  T.    H.   Demott,    e.  Aug.  5,  1862;  detailed  as  Com. 

Sergt.  in  59th  U.  S.  Col.  Inf. 
Corp.  Jerry  Plank,  e.  Aug.  12,  1862;  died  Feb.  22,1863. 
Musician   Aaron  N.   Grossman,  e.  Aug.   15,  1862;   m.  o. 

Aug.  5,  1865. 
Musician  Simon  Chapman,  e.  Aug.  12,  1862;  m.  o.  Aug.  5, 

1865. 
Adams,  J.  K..  e.  Aug.  11,  1862;  m.  o.  Aug.  5,  1865. 
Auxberger,  J.,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862 ;  deserted  Jan.  20,  1863. 
Aydlit,  John,  e.  Aug.  14,  1862. 

Barnev,  R.  E.,  e.  Aug.  14,  1862  ;  disd.  May  31,  1863. 
Brozier,  A.  J.,  e.  Aug.  14,  1862;  m.  o.  Aug.  5,  1865. 
Bunting,  A.,  e.  Aug.  14,  1862;  died  Jan.  13,  1863. 
Bunting,  Homer,  e.  Aug.  14,  1862;  disd.  Feb.  19,  1863,  to 

re-e. 
Brubacher,  Aaron,  e.  Aug.  14, 1862  ;  died  April  27,  1863. 
Boydston,  J.  B.,  e.  Aug.  14,  1862 ;  deserted  Dec.  4,  1862. 
Bullock,  T.,  Jr.,  e.  Aug.  14, 1862;  disd.  for  promotion  Aug. 

22, 1863. 
Cline,  Samuel,  e.  Aug.  15,  1862 ;  m.  o.  Aug.  5,  1865. 
Clutter,  John.  e.  Aug.  14,  1862;  deserted  Jan.  20,  1863. 
Cauiey,  J.  H.,  e.  Aug.  21,  1862;  died  Feb.  26, 1863. 
Delph,  J.  H.,  e.  Aug.  12,  1862;  disd.  May  12,  1863. 
Dutton,  II.  S.,  e.  Aug.  14,  1862  ;  died  Dec.  12,  1862. 
Doty,  W.  I.,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862;  trans,  to  Co.  G;     deserted 

Jan.  n,  1863. 
Evans,  D.  W.,  e.  Aug.  15,  1862;  absent,  sick,  at  m.  o. 
Frederick,  B.,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862 ;  m.  o.  Aug.  5,  1865. 
Fisher,  M.,  e.  Aug.    14,   1862;  disd.   March   31,   1863,  aa 

Sergt. 
Finlay,  R.,  e.  Aug.  15,  1862;  m.  o.  Aug,  5,  1865,  as  Wag- 
oner. 
Gardner,  D.,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862 ;  died  March  24,  1863. 
Gardner,  Levi,  e.  Aug.  14,  1862;  died  Jan.  13,  1863. 
Graves,  A.,  e.  Aug.  14,  1862;  m.  o.  Aug.  5,  1865. 
Green,  Thos.,  e.  Aug.  14, 1862. 

Gresham,  J.  W.,  e.  Aug.  15,  1862 ;  m.  o.  Aug.  5, 1865. 
Gardner,  W.  H.,  e.  Aug.  28,  1862;  died  Jan.  11,  1863. 
Hayes,  W.  I.,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862;  died  March  6,  1863. 
Horner,  G.  W.,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862;  m.  o.  Aug.  6,  1865. 
Kindig,  Ji>hn,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862;  died  Jan.  25,  1863. 
Krater,  J.   H.,  e.  Aug.  25,1862;  m.   o.   Aug.  5,   1865, 

Sergt. 


476 


WAR  HISTORY  AND  RECORD. 


Lamaster,  Jas.,  e.  Aug.  15, 1862 ;  died  Jan.  29, 1863.  I 

Lvnch,  Henrv.  e.  Aug.  12,  1862;  m.  o.  Aug.  5,  1865.  ' 

Marvin,  G.  W.,  e.  Aug.  15.  1862  ;  desertfd  Jan.  24,  1863.      , 
Merrill.  J.  A.,  e.  Aug.  12, 1862  ;  m.  o.  Julv  1,  18ti5  as  Corp. 
Miller,  Alex.,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862  ;  died  March  5.  1863. 
Nugent,  T.,  e.  Aug.  1.5,  1862;  disd.  Aug.  28,  1864. 
Ormsby,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  14.  1862  ;  disd.  Feb.  17, 1863,  dlsab. 
Ormsbv,  C,  e.  Aug.  14,  1862;  died  Feb.  17,1863. 
Page.  B.  E.,  e.  Aug.  15,  1862 ;  kid.  March  28.  1865. 
Page,  S.  T.,  e.  Aug.  12,  1862;  ni.  o.  Aug.  5,  1865. 
Plouck,  J.  F.,   e.    Aug.  12,  1862 ;   m.  o.  Aug.  5,  1865,  as 

Sergt. 
Pierce,  E.,  e.  Aug.  12,  1862;  m.  o.  Aug.  5,  1865. 
Perr\-,  L.  R.,  e.  Aug.  22,  1862  ;  died  Oct.  14,  1863. 
Koof,  \V.  H.,  e.  Aug.  15,  1862;  disd.  March  14, 1863,di3ab. 
Eobinson,  B.  F.,  e.  Aug.  15,1862;  disd.  March  7, 1863, 

disab. 
Keeres,  W.  V.,  e.  Aug.  11, 1862 ;  died  March  6,  1863. 
Smading,  C.  W.,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862;  deserted  Jan.  19, 1863. 
Stoddard,  D.  W.,  e.  Aug.  9,  1862 ;  died  Feb.  23,  1863. 
Stoddard,  L.,  e.  Aug.  9,  1862 ;  died  March  9,  1863. 
Sumners,  A.,  e.  Aug.  14.  1862  ;  absent,  sick  at  m.  o. 
Sunderland,  R.  W.,  e.  Aug.  12.  1862;  m.  o.  Aug.  6, 1865. 
Sunderland,  T.  J.,  e.  Aug.  12,  1862 ;  died  June  25,  1863. 
Tobin,  Michael,  e.  Aug.  15,  1862;  m.  o.  Aug.  6,  1865. 
Thomas,  R.  P.,  e.  Aug.  12,  1862;  m.  o.  Aug.  6,  1865. 
Walton,  G.  F.,  e.  Aug.  15,  1862 ;  m.  o,  Aug.  6,  1865. 
Wacker.  John,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862;  disd.  Oct.  8.  1864.  disab. 
White,  Thos.,  e.  Aug.  14,  1862;  deserted  Jan.  20,  1863. 
■Wiles  F.  M.,  e.  Aug.  11, 1862;  died  Jan.  24,  1863. 
Wanc'el,  L.,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862;  died  April  30, 1863. 
Wilson,  H.  N.,  e.  Aug.  9.  1862 ;  m.  o.  Aug.  5,  1865  as  Corp. 
Wcischoupt,  F.,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862;  died  Feb.  3.  1863. 
Baker,  Fred.,  e.  Jan.  5,  1864:  died  March  14,  1865. 
Blair,  A.  J.,  e.  Oct.  6,  1862;  trans,  to  47th  111.  Inf. 
Baker.  Jacob,  e.  Jan.  5,  IS'yi  ;  trans,  to  47th  111.  Inf. 
BuUington.  Henrj'.  •■..  Jan.  20  1865  ;  trans  to  47th  111.  Inf. 
Bilbury,  Allen,  e.  Jan.  18,  1865;  trans,  to  47th  111.  Inf. 
Robeson,  M.  A.,  e.  Oct.  6.  1862  ;  trans,  to  4Tth  111.  Inf 
Snider,  A.  W.,  e.  Jan.  26,  1865 :  trans,  to  47th  111.  Inf 
Ward,  Hnrrison,  e.  Jan.  17,  1865;  trans,  to  47th  111.  Inf 
West,  Samuel,  e.  Feb.  27.  1865  ;  trans,  to  47th  111.  Inf 

Company  G. 

Leighton,  SylTester,  e.  Feb.  1, 1865 ;  rect.;  trans  to  47th 
Inf. 

Company  H. 

Butler,  J.  C,  e.  Jan.  30, 186.5  ;  m.  o.  May  26, 1865. 
Hostetter,  Samuel,  e.  Jan.  6,  1865  ;  died  March  16,  1865. 
McCIatchy,  H.  A.,  e.  Jan.  6, 1865  ;  disd.  June  15,  1865. 

Company  K. 

Capt.  J.  F.  Davidson,   e.   Aug.  28,  1862,  as  First    Lieut.; 

prmtd.  to  Captain  Oct.  26, 1864;  m.  o.  Aug.  5,  1865. 
Sergt.  G.  H.  Brauniug,  e.  Aug.  14,  1862  ;  disd.  March  19, 

1863  ;  disab. 
Corp.  C.  E.  Barney,  e.  Aug.  14,  1862 ;  trans,  to  1.  C.  Jan. 

15,  1864. 
Corp.  Jacob  Capp,  e.  Aug.  19, 1862;  m.  o.  Aug.  6,  1865. 
Corp.  James  McVey,  e.  Aug.  15,  1862  ;  absent,  sick,  at  m.  o. 

of  Regt. 
Corp.  I.  Dickerson,  e.  Aug.  12,1862;  died  April  2,  1864. 
Musician,  S.  J.  Martin,  e.  Aug.  28, 1862 ;  died  Dec.  5,  1862. 
Brunning,  Fredk.,  e.   Aug.  14,  1862 ;  trans,   to   V.   B.   C. 

Slav  1,  1864. 
Gardiner  Danl.,  e.  Aug.  28, 1862;  died  Feb.  23, 1863. 
GrooD,  J.  H.,  e.  Aug.  15,  1862 ;  missing  in  action  Jan.  10, 

1864. 
Greenfelter,  Phillip,  e.  Aug.  14, 1862;  disd. March  6,1863; 

disab. 
Luers,  Fredk.,  e.  Aug.  14,  1862 ;  died  April  28,  1863. 
Middleton,  A.  D.,  e.  Aug.  15,  1862;  died  July  11, 1863. 
Powell,  J.  D.,  o.  Aug.  11,  1862;  trans,  to   Miss.  Mariue 

Brig.  Feb.  19, 1863. 
Smith,  John,  e  Aug.  14,  1862  ;  trans,  to  I.  C.  Jan  15, 1864. 
Sevgennan,  John,  e.  Aug.  14,  1862;  m.  o.  Aug.  5,  1865. 
Wencel,  L.,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862  ;  trans,  to  Co.  E. 
Watson,  Wm.  L.,  e.  Aug.  15,  1862;  trans,  to  Co.  E. 
Toty,  Henry,  e.  Aug.  28.  1802;  trans,  to  Co.  E. 
Doyle,  Michael,  e.  Jan.  7, 1865;  unassigned  rect. 
Dayton,  Frank,  unassigned  rect. 
Hiil,  James,  unassigned  rect. ;  m.  o.  Feb.  7,  1866. 
Knott,  W  ,  unassigned  rect. 
Layton,  Frank,  e.  Jan.  6, 1865;  unassigned  rect. 
Malone,  Thomas,  e.  Jan.  19.  1865;  unassigned  rect. 
McClintock.  Wm.,  unassigned  rect. 
McCarty,  Wm.,  unassigned  rect. 


O'Brien,  John,  e.  Jan.  10, 1865;  unassigned  rect. 
Eider,  J.  C;  unassigned  rect.;  m.  o.  May  15,  1866. 
Smith,  Chas.,  e.  Jan.  10,  1865 ;  unassigned  rect.;  deserted 

Jan.  18,  1865. 
Sullivan,  John  ;  unassigned  rect. 
Wilder,  Henry,  e.  Oct.  18,  1864;  unassigned  rect. 
Williams,  George,  e.  Jan.  7, 1865 ;  unassigned  rect. 


SEVENTEENTH  INFANTRY. 

The  Seventeenth  Regiment  of  Illinois  Infan- 
try Voluntary  w;is  musteretl    into   the   United 
States"  service  at  Peoria,  111.,  on   the  l24th  day 
of  May,  18G1.     Left  camp  on  the  17th  of  June, 
for  Alton,  111.,  for  the  purpose  of  more  fully 
completing  its  organization  and  arming.      Late 
in  July,  it  proceeded  from  Alton  to  St.  (?harles, 
Mo.,  remaining  but   one  day;   thence  went  to 
Warrenton,  Mo.,  where  it  remained   in   camp 
about  two  weeks — Company  A  being  detailed  as 
body   guard    to  Gen.   John  Pope,   with  head- 
quarters   at   St.    Charles.     The  regiment    left 
Warrenton   for   St.   Louis,   and    embarked   on 
transports  for  Bird's  Point,  Mo.     Remained  at 
Birds  Point  some  weeks,  doing  garrison  duty ; 
then  proceeded  to  Sulphur  Springs  Landing ; 
debarking  there,  proceeded,  via  Pilot  Knub  and 
Irouton.  to  Fredericktown,  Mo.,  in   pursuit  of 
Gen.  Jetf.  Thompson,  and  joined   Gen.    I!.   M 
Prentiss'  command,   at   Jackson,  Mo.  ;  thence 
proceeded  to  Kentucky  and  aided  in  the  con- 
struction  of  Fort  Holt :  then   ordered   to  El- 
liott's Mills;  remained  there  a  short  time  and 
returned  to  Fort   Holt  ;  thence  to  Cape  Girar- 
deau, and  with  other  regiments  were  again  sent 
in  pursuit  of  Gen.   Jeff.  Thompson's  forces; 
participated   in    the  engagement  near  Green- 
field :  lost  one  man  killed  and  several  wounded  ; 
returned    to    Cape    Girardeau,    doing    provost 
duty  until   early  in  February,  1862,  when  or- 
dered to  Fort  Henry:  participated  in  that  en- 
gagement  and    Fort    Donelson.  losing  several 
men    killed,    wounded    and    taken    prisoners. 
Then  proceeded  to  ^letal  Landing,  Tennessee 
River,    and  embarked   for  Savannah,    Tenn. ; 
from  thence  to  Pittsburg  Landing,  and  was  as- 
signed  to  the  First  Division,  Army  West  Ten- 
nessee, under  Gen.  John  A.  McClernand  :  was 
engaged  in   the  battles  of  the  6th  and  7th  of 
Api'il  :    suffered    great     loss    in    killed     and 
wounded.     Was  with  the  advance  to  Corinth. 
After  the  evacuation  of  Corinth,  marched  to 
Purdy,  Bethel  and  Jackson.  Tenn. ;  remained 
there  until  the   17th   of  July,  when  the  regi- 
ment was  ordered  to  Bolivar,  and  was  assigned 
to  duty  as  Provost  Guard.     Remained  at  Boli- 
var until  November.  1862,  during  which  time 
it  participated  in  the  expedition  to  luka.  to  re- 
enforce  Gen.    Rosecrans.     Afterward,    at    the 
battle  of  Hatchie.     Returned  again  to  Bolivar ; 
remained  there  until  the  middle  of  November. 
Then  ordered   to  LaGrange,  reporting  to  Maj. 
Gen.  John  A.  Logan  ;  were  assigned  to  duty  as 
Provost  Guard,  Col.  Norton  being  assigned  to 
the  command  at   that  post.     Early  in   Decem- 
ber, marched  to  Holly  Springs:   thence  to  Ab- 
beyville.  guarding  railroads  :  thence  to  ( >xford. 
After  the  capture  of  Holly  Springs,  was  as- 
signed   to    the    Sixth    Division,    Seventeenth 


WAR  HISTORY  AND  RECORD. 


477 


Army  Corps,  under  Maj.  Gen.  McPherson ; 
then  proceeded,  via  Moscow,  to  CoUierville ; 
from  there  to  Memphis,  and  was  assigned  to 
duty  at  the  navy  yard.  Remained  tliere  until 
Jan.  IGth;  then  embarked  for  Vickburg  ; 
re-embarked  and  proceeded  to  Lake  Provi- 
dence, La.,  then  the  headquarters  of  the 
Seventeenth  Army  Corps,  doing  duty  there  un- 
til the  investment  of  Vicksburg  commenced. 
Arriving  at  iSIilliken's  Bend,  on  or  about  May 
1st,  commenced  to  march  across  the  Delta  to 
Perkin's  Landing,  on  the  Mississippi  Kiver  ;. 
thence  to  the  crossing  below  Grand  Gulf,  ad- 
vancing with  McPherson's  command,  via  Ray- 
mond, Champion  Hills,  .Jackson,  Big  Black, 
and  to  the  final  investment  of  Vicksburg.  After 
the  surrender  of  that  city,  remained  there  do- 
ing garrison  duty  and  making  incursions  into 
the  enemy's  country  as  far  east  as  Meridian, 
and  west  as  far  as  Monroe,  La.  Returning  to 
Vicksburg,  remained  until  May,  1864 — the 
term  of  service  of  the  regiment  expiring  on  the 
24th  of  May,  of  that  year.  The  regiment  was 
ordered  to  Springfield,  HI.,  for  muster-out  and 
final  discharge,  when  and  where  those  of  the 
original  organization  who  did  not  re-enlist  as 
veterans  were  mustered  out  and  discharged. 
A  sufhcient  number  not  having  re-enlisted  to 
entitle  them  to  retain  their  regimental  organ- 
ization, the  veterans  and  recruits  whose  term 
of  service  had  not  expired  were  consolidated 
with  the  Eighth  Illinois  Infantry  Volunteers, 
and  were  finally  mustered  out  with  that  regi- 
ment and  discharged  in  the  Spring  of  18tt6. 


Company  B. 

Cawley,  Jacob,  e.  Sept.  7,  1861 ;  rect. ;  trans,  to  Co.  I.  8th 

111.  Inf.;  term  expired  Sept.  '29,  1861. 
Wilkinson,  Horace,  e.  Sept.  7,  1861;  rect.;  trans,  to  Co.  I 

8th  Inf.;  disd.  Sept.  7,  1864. 

Company  C. 

Capt.  0.  A.  Burgess,  e.  May  13,  1861 ;  resd.  April  24,  1862. 
Capt.  J.  H.  Rowell,  e.  May  13,  ISfil,  as  First  Lieut.;  prmtd. 

to  Capt.  April  24,  1862;  term  e.xpired  June,  1864. 
First  Lieut.  F.  W.  Callsen,  e.  May   13,  1861,  as  Second 

Lieut.;  prmtd.  to  First  Lieut.  April  24,  1862 ;  resd. 

July  13,  1863. 
First  Lieut.  H.  D.  Clark,  e.  May  25,1861,  as Sergt.;  pi-mtd. 

to  Second   Lieut.  April  24,"l862 ;  to  First  Lieut  July 

14,  1863  ;  term  expired  June,  1864. 
First.  Sergt.  A.  J.  Baker,  e.  May  2.5, 1861 ;  disd.  Nov.  1,  '62. 
Sergt.  John  Lyons,  e.  May  25,  1861. 
Sergt.  S.  A.  Hoyt,  e.  May  25,  1861. 
Corp.  Jeremiah  Kay,  e.  May  25, 1861. 
Corp.  R.  B.  Dickinson,  e.  May  25,  1861. 
Corp.  B.  J.  Kadford,  e.  May  25,  1861. 
Corp.  S.  L.  Martin,  e.  May  25,  1861. 
Blusieian  0  P.  KUis,  e.  May  25,  1861. 
Baldwin,  Edward,  e.  May  25,  1861;  trans,  to  gun  boat 

sen-ice  Feb.  1,  1862. 
Brocksitter,  John,  e.  May  25,  1S61 ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Nov.  23, 

1863;  trans,  to  8th  Inf. 
Benson,  J.  M.,  e.  May  25,  1861. 
Bassett,  F.  M.,  e.  May  25, 1861. 
Barker,  E.  V.,  e.  May  25, 1861 ;  Corp.;  kid.  at  Shiloh  Apr. 

6,  1862. 
Corlis,  J.  C,  e.  May  25,  1861. 
Caspers,  Joseph,  e.  May  25.  1861. 
Charles,  D.  K.,  e.  May  25,  1861. 
Collins,  Wni.,  e.  May  25,  1861. 
Carr,  R.  S.,  e.  May  25,  1861;  re-e.  as  vet.  Nov.  23,  1863; 

trans,  to  8th  Inf. 
Dart,  0.  P.,  e.  May  25,  1861. 
Dickinson,  C.  R.,  e.  May  25,  1861. 
Dennis,  J.  C,  e.  May  25,  1861. 
Duffy,  H.,  e.  May  25,  1861. 


Evans,  J.  W.,  e.  May  25,  1801. 

Elb,  .\ndre\y,  e.  May  25,  1861. 

Grimm,  Henry,  e.  May  25,  1861. 

Hamilton,  Robert,  e.  May  25,  1861, 

Hensler,  Christian,  e.  May  25,  1861 ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Nov.  23, 

1863  ;  trans,  to  8th  liif. 
Hereford,  W.  H.,  e.  May  25,  1861. 
Holthusen,  H..  e.  May  25,  1861. 

leaschke,  Louis,  e.  May  25,  1861 ;  disd.  July  23,  1862. 
Isarger,  Wm.,  e.  May  25,  1861. 
Jaccard,  Wm.   T.,  e.  May   2.5,   1861;  disd.  May  18,  1862; 

wds. 
Lamson,  J.  W.,  e.  May  25, 1861 ;  disd.  Sept.  10,  1862. 
Lampson,  W.  B.,  e.   May  25,  1861 ;  Corp.;  kid.  at  Shiloh 

April  6,  1802. 
Long,  J.  W.,  e.  May  25,  1861. 
Livingston,  J.  F.,  e.  May  25,  1861. 
Lash  ley,  J.  N.,  e.  May  2.5,  1861. 

Malieh,  Richard,  e.  May  25, 1861  ;  disd.  June  18,  1862. 
Meyers,  C.  L.,  e.  May  25,  1861. 
McManis,  Hiram,  e.  May  25,  1861. 
Maror,  A.  P  ,  e.  May  25,  1861. 
Mitchell.  Wm.,  e.  May  25,  1861. 
McNeal,  D.  C,  e.  Mav  25,  1861. 
Nance,  R.  C,  e.  May  25,  1861. 
Ogden,  C.  D.,  e.  May  25,  1861. 

Peabodv.  V.  P.,  e.  May  25,  1801 ;  disd.  June  16,  1862. 
Plank,  Wm.,  e.  May  25,  1861 ;  m.  o.  May  25,  1864. 
Reed,  J.  T.,  e.  May  25,  1861;  died  April  28,  1862;  wds. 
Robinson,  J.  L.,  e.  as  rect.,  June  15,  1861 ;  re-e.  Nov.  23, 

1863,  as  vet.;  trans,  to  8th  Inf. 
Ricker.  H.  B.,  e.  May  25,  1861. 
Skelton,J.  S.,  e.    May  25,1861;  kid.  at   Shiloh,  April  6, 

1862. 
Strouder,  Jos.,  e.  May  25,  1801. 
Schnurr,  Leander,  e.  May  25,  1861. 
Stevenson,  John,  e.  May  25,  1861. 
Sied,  H.  H.,  e.  May  25,  1861 ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Nov.  30,   1863; 

trans,  to  8th  Inf. 
Trunnel,  D.  H.,e.  May  25, 1861 ;  disd.  March,  186.'i ;  disab. 
Webster,  E.  D.,  e.  May  25,  1861. 
Wickoff.  L.  H.,  e.  Mav  25,  1861. 

Allen,  J.  W.,  e.  Sept.  9,  1861  ;  rect.;  trans,  to  Sth  111.  Inf. 
Brown,  J.  M.,  e.  May  29,  1861 ;  rect. ;  di.sd.  April  3,  1862. 
Benbridge,  Wm.,  e.  Sept.  9,  1861  ;  rect.;  trans,  to  8th  Inf. 
Causey,  T.  A.,  e.  April  in,  1862 ;  rect.;  trans,  to  Sth  Inf. 
Dickinson,  C.  R.,  e.  May  25,  1862  ;  rect. 
Dixon,  Jas.,  e.  May  29,  1861 ;  rect.;  trans,  to  gunboat  ser- 
vice, Feb.  1,  1862. 
Delph,  C.  D.,  e.  Sept.  9,  1861 ;  rect.;  trans,  to  8th  Inf. 
Ganet,  Richard,  e.  Dec.  15,  1863  ;  rect. 
Hickins.  S.  S.,  e.  May  29,  1861. 
Harris.  J.  A.,  e.  Feb.  20,  1862. 

Moreland,  W.  H.,  e.  Sept.  9, 1861 ;  trans,  to  Sth  Inf. 
Nurgarth,  Fritz,  e.  June  12, 1861 ;  kid.  at  Shiloh,  April  6, 

1862. 
Thornton,  Henderson,  e.  Dec.  11,  1863  ;  trans,  to  8th  Inf. 


FIFTY-FIKST  INFANTRY. 

The  Fifty-first  Infantry  Illinois  Volunteers 
was  organized  at  Camp  Douglas,  Chicago,  111., 
Dec.  '24,  1861,  by  Col.  Gilbert  W.  Cumming. 

Feb.  14,  1862  ordered  to  Cairo,  111.  Moved 
to  Camp  Cullum,  on  the  Kentucky  shore,  on 
the  27th.  On  the  4th  of  .March,  moved  to 
Bertrand,  Mo.,  and  on  the  7th,  moved  to 
Sykeston,  and  to  New  Madrid,  and  on  the  10th 
was  assigned  to  the  Division  of  Brig.  Gen.  E. 
A.  Paine,  and  Second  Brigade,  consisting  of 
Twenty-second  Illinois  Infantry,  ami  Fifty- 
first,  Col.  Cumming  commanding.  On  the  13th, 
made  a  reconnoissance  in  force,  and,  on  the 
14th,  New  Madrid  was  evacuated  by  the 
enemy.  April  7th,  moved  against  Island  No. 
10;  8th,  pursued  the  enemy,  compelling  the 
surrender  of  Gv-n.  Mackall  and  4,000  prison- 
ers;  9th,  returned  to  New  ^Lldrid  ;  11th,  em- 
barked and  proceeded  down  the  .Mississippi  to 
Osceola,  Ark. ;  17th,  moved  toward  Hamburg 
Landing,    Tenn.,    disembarking    on    the    22d. 


478 


WAR  HISTORY  AND  RECORD. 


April  24th,  the  brigade  of  Brig.  Gen.  .John  M. 
Palmer, Twenty-second,  Twenty-seventh,  Forty- 
second  and  Fifty-first  Illinois,  and  Company 
C,  First  Illinois  Artilery,  Capt.  Houghtaling, 
known  as  the  "  Illinois  Brigade,"  was  assigned 
to  Brig.  Gen.  Paine' s  Division.  Engaged  in 
the  battle  of  Farmington,  and  siege  of  Corinth. 

Just  previous  to  the  evacuation  of  Corinth, 
the  Army  of  the  Mississippi  was  organized  into 
wings  and  center.  The  Divisions  of  Paine  and 
Stanley,  constituting  Right  AVing,  were  under 
Brig.  Gen.  W.  S.  Kosecrans.  June  4th,  ad- 
vanced to  near  Baldwin,  Miss.,  and  fell  back 
to  Booneville.  Col.  F.  A.  Harrington,  Twenty- 
seventh  Illinois,  took  command  of  the  Brigade. 
On  the  11th,  moved  from  Booneville,  and 
again  encamped  at  Corinth,  14th.  On  the 
l^Sth,  Gen.  Pope  being  transferred  to  Virginia, 
Gen.  Rosecrans  assumed  command  of  the 
Army  of  Mississippi,  and  Brig.  Gen.  David  S. 
Stanley  of  the  Right  Wing.  July  9th,  army 
was  organized  into  five  Divisions,  under  Brig. 
Gens.  Paine,  Stanley,  Schuyler,  Hamilton,  Jelf. 
C.  I'avis  and  Asboth  ;  the  Fifty-first  being  in 
First  Brigade,  First  Division.  July  20th,  the 
Division  left  Big  Spring  and  marched  to  Tus- 
cumbia,  Ala.  The  regiment  was  assigned  to 
guard  the  railroad  from  Hillsboro  to  Decatur. 
Aug.  24th,  the  regiment  concentrated  at  Deca- 
tur. Sept.  4th,  crossed  the  Tennessee  River 
and  moved,  via  Athens,  Ala.,  to  Nashville, 
Tenn.  Here  the  Divisions  of  Negley  and 
Palmer  remained  as  garrison,  while  the  army 
moved  to  Louisville,  under  Buell.  Nov.  6th, 
engaged  in  repelling  the  attack  of  Breckin- 
ridf-e,  Morgan  and  Forrest.  From  Sept.  11th 
to  Nov,  6th,  Nashville  was  cut  ofl"  from  com- 
munication with  the  North,  the  troops  being 
on  half  rations.  Sept.  30th,  Col.  Cumming 
having  resigned,  Lieut.  Col.  Bradley  was  com- 
missioned Colonel.  Dec.  10th,  the  Brigade 
was  transferred  to  the  Division  of  Brig.  Gen. 
Philip  H.  Sheridan,  and  designated  as  Third 
Brigade,  Third  Division,  Right  Wing,  Four- 
teenth Army  Corps,  and  marched  seven  miles 
on  Nolensville  pike.  Dec.  26th,  moved  against 
the  enemy,  under  Bragg.  Dec.  30th,  the  Bri- 
gade met  the  enemy  and  was  engaged  during 
the  day,  losing  seven  wounded.  Dec.  31st, 
the  regiment  was  in  the  thickest  of  the  fight  at 
Stone  River,  losing  57  killed,  wounded  and 
prisoners.  The  Division  lost  its  three  Brigade^ 
commanders.  Col.  Harrington  being  wounded 
and  taken  prisoner,  and  died  a  few  days  after- 
ward. Col.  Bradley  took  command  of  the 
Brigade,  and  Maj.  Davis  of  the  regiment,  and, 
upon  Maj.  Davis  being  wounded  and  carried 
from  the  field,  Capt.  H.  F.  Wescott  took  com- 
mand. On  the  6th,  moved  three  miles  south 
of  .Murfreesboro,  and  encamped. 

January,  1863,  the  wings  and  center  of  the 
army  were  designated  as  Fourteenth,  Twen- 
tieth and  Twen  y-first  Army  Corps.  That  of 
McCook  being  Twentieth  Army  Corps.  March 
4th,  moved  to  Eagleville,  Capt.  John  G.  Mc- 
Williams  conm  anding  regiment.  On  the  8th, 
moved    to  Spring   Hill;    10th,  reached  Duck 


Creek;  llth.  Van  Dorn  crossed  Duck  River, 
on  pontoons,  and  Granger  returned  to  Frank- 
lin. June  24th,  Twentieth  Corps  moved  down 
the  Shelbyville  pike  ;  27th,  marched  to  Beach's 
Grove.  July  1st,  entered  Tullahoma,  which 
had  been  evacuated  the  night  before.  Joined 
in  pursuit  of  the  enemy  to  Elk  River,  Win- 
chester and  Cowan,  Bragg  retreating  over  the 
Cumberland  Mountains  and  across  the  Ten- 
nessee River.  Remained  at  Cowan  until  the 
9th,  then,  ascending  the  mountains,  encamped 
on  the  summit,  on  the  site  of  '  Southern  Uni- 
versity." July  30th,  moved  to  Bridgeport. 
Ala.  Sept.  2d,  crossed  Tennessee  River,  and 
moved  to  fool  of  Sand  Mountain.  Sept  4th, 
ascended  the  mountain ;  5th,  moved  to  Tren- 
ton. Ga. ;  6th  and  7th,  marched  down  Lookout 
Valley;  10th,  to  Winston's  Gap;  llth,  to 
Alpine,  Ga. ;  14th.  marched  up  Lookout  Valley  ; 
loth,  from  Stevens"  Gap  to  McElmore's  Cove. 
After  some  days"  movements,  entered  the  bat- 
tle of  Chickamauga,  at  4  P.  M.,  19th,  losing, 
that  evening,  90  men  out  of  209  engaged. 
During  the  night,  erected  barricades.  On  the 
20th,  went  into  position  on  the  extreme  right  ; 
by  noon  were  heivily  engaged,  and  in  the 
afternoon  the  whole  Division  fell  back,  in  con- 
fusion, to  ^lission  Ridge.  On  the  21st,  threw 
up  works  at  Rossville ;  22d,  crossed  Chicka- 
mauga Creek 

Oct.  10th,  the  Twentieth  and  Twenty-first 
Corps  being  consolidated,  formed  Fourth 
Corps,  under  Maj.  Gen.  Gordon  Granger  ;  regi- 
ment being  in  Third  Brigade,  Col.  C  G. 
Harker ;  Second  Division,  .Vlaj.  Gen.  Sheridan. 
Nov.  24th,  at  Mission  Ridge,  was  engaged, 
losing  30,  out  of  150  men  engaged,  including' 
Maj.  Davis,  wounded,  and  Capt.  George  L. 
Billows,  killed  :  Capt.  A.  M.  Tilton  command- 
ing Regiment.  Nov.  28th.  1863,  marched  to 
the  relief  of  Gen.  Burnside,  at  Knoxville. 
Dec.  16th,  moved,  by  rail,  to  Blain's  Cross 
Roads.  Jan.  9th,  1864,  Col.  Bradley  returned, 
Jan.  15th,  moved  toward  Chattanooga.  Feb. 
Idth,  the  regiment  mustered  as  veterans  and 
started  for  Chicago,  where,  on  the  17th,  the 
men  received  veteran  furlough. 

Regiment  left  for  the  front  March  28,  1864, 
via  Louisville,  Nashville  and  Chattanooga  to 
Cleveland,  Tenn.  May  3d,  commenced  the 
Atlanta  campaign.  AVas  engaged  at  Rocky 
Face  Ridge,  .May  9th,  losing  two  men  wounded  ; 
Resaca,  14th,  losing  Capt.  Lester,  killed,  and 
20  men  wounded  At  Dallas,  May  25th,  found 
the  enemy  in  position,  and  were  engaged 
eleven  days,  losing  one  ofBcer,  and  11  men 
wounded.  June  loth,  in  a  skirmish,  lost 
Capt.  Tilton,  wounded,  and  12  men  killed  and 
wounded.  Engaged  at  Kenesaw  .Mcuintalnand 
in  the  assault  of  June  27th,  losing  two  officers^ 
wounded,  and  54  men  killed  and  wottftdeTl7 
and  Adjt.  Henry  W.  Hall  and  Lieut.  A.  V. 
McCormack  killed. 

July  4,  1864,  moved  to  Chattahoochie  River. 
Marched  to  Rosswell,  and  crossed,  returning 
to  the  Corps  on  the  13th.  July  20th,  engaged 
at  Peach  Tree  Creek.      Casualties,  5  wounded. 


WAR  HISTORY  AND  RECORD. 


479 


Was  engaged,  during  siege  of  Atlanta,  in  the 
skirmish  of  Jonesboro,  losing  2  wounded,  and 
at  Lovejoy,  losing  3  wounded.  Marched  into 
Atlanta,  8th  September.  During  the  whole 
campaign,  the  regiment  lost  3  officers   killed, 

4  wounded,  and  105  men  killed  and  wounded. 
Sept.  28th,  moved  to  Chattanooga,  and  thence 
to  Bridgeport,  Ala.  Oct.  18th,  meved  to  Chat- 
tanooga. Here.  192  drafted  men  joined  the 
regiment.  Here,  too.  Chaplain  Raymond,  a 
venerable  and  good  man,  resigned.  Moved  to 
Alpine,  Ga.  ;  from  thence,  via  Chattanooga, 
Athens,  Ala.,  to  Pulaski,  Tenn.  Nov.  22, 
marched  to  Lynnville ;  24th,  to  Columbia; 
29th,  retreated  to  Spring  Hill,  at  which  place 
the  enemy  made  an  attack.  The  regiment  lost 
12  wounded,  including  Capt.  George  I.  Water- 
man, A.  A.  A.  G.,  and  Gen.  Bradley.  Nov. 
30th,  moved  to  Franklin,  and  was  heavily  en- 
gaged in  the  battle  of  Franklin,  losing  Lieut. 
Thomas,  killed,  Capt.  Tilton  and  Lieuts.  John- 
son and  Hills,  wounded,  52  men  killed  and 
wounded,  and  98  missing.  Dec.  1st,  reached 
Nashville.  Engaged  in  ihe  battle  of  Nashville. 
Dec.  15th   and   Ifjth,  losing   1  man  killed  and 

5  wounded  After  the  battle,  pursued  the  flying 
enemy,  and  afterward  moved  to  Huntsville, 
Ala.  Mfych  31,  1865,  moved  to  Greenville, 
East  Tennessee.  April  15th,  moved  to  Nash- 
ville. April  11th.  Company  I,  90  men,  joined 
the  regiment  from  Camp  Butler.  June  15th, 
Company  F,  Lieut\  James  Skidmore  command- 
ing, was  mustered  out  of  service.  On  the  16th, 
moved  to  Johnsonville,  Tenn.,  and  embarked 
for  New  Orleans,  La.  July  28th,  embarked 
for  Texas  ;  31st,  disembarked  at  Port  Lavaca. 
Aug.  1st,  moved  to  Camp  Placidor,  Texas. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  25,  1865  at  Camp  Irwin, 
Texas,  and  arrived  at  Camp  Butler,  111  ,  Oct'. 
15,  18G5,  for  final  payment  and  discharge. 


Company  D. 

First  Lieut.  J.  D  Speers,  e.  Feb.  1,  1862,  as  private  ;  re-e 

as  vet.  Dec.  24,  1863;  m.  o.  Sept.  25,   1865,   as   First 

Sergt.;  comn.  First  Lieut.,  but  not  mustered. 
Second  Lieut.  0.  D.  Butler,  e.  as   private  Jan.  12,  1862, 

prmtd.  to  Sergt.  and  to  Second   Lieut.  Sept.  30,  1862  ; 

hon.  disd.  May  15,  1865. 
Anesworth,  Wm.,  e.  Jan.  12,  1862;  re-e.  as   vet.   Dec.  24, 

1863 ;  m.  o.  Sept.  25,  1865,  as  Corp. 
Arnold,  John,  e.  Feb.  1,  1862  ;  deserted  March  24,  1862. 
Betz,  Solomon,  e.  Feb.  1, 1862  ;  disd.  March  1,  1862 ;  disab. 
David,  D.  W.,  e.  Jan.  10,  1862. 
Hulburt,  Saml  ,  e.  Jan.  7,  1862 ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Dec.  24,  1863  • 

died  at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  April  16,1864.  ' 

Johnson,  August,  e.  Feb.  1,  1862  ;  kid.  Nov.  30, 1864. 
Kingston,  Milton,  e.  Feb.  1,  1862  ;  disd.   March   20,  1865; 

term  expired. 
Miller,  Cyrus,  e.  Jan.  12,  1862:  disd.  April  1,  1862  ;  disab 
Maguire,  J.  L.,  e.  Jan.  30,  1862;  disd.  April  1,  1865;  term 

e.xpired. 
Merchant,  John,  e.  Feb.  1,   1862;  re-e.   as   vet.   Dec.  24, 

1863  ;  died  at  Chicago,  Sept.  9,  1864. 
Nesmith,  G.  W.,   e.   Jan.   21,  1862;  re-e.  as  vet.  Dec.  24, 

1863;  prmtd.  to  Sergt.  Major. 
Neff,  J.  R  ,  e.  Jan.  20. 1862 ;  kid.  at  Pine  Ridge,  Ga.,  June 

15,  1864. 
Pool,  H.  H.,  e.  Jan.  13,  1862;  m.  o.  March  31,  1865. 
Stivers,  J.  B.,  e.  Feb.  15,  1862  ;  re-e.  as  vet.   Feb.  6,  1864  ; 

prmtd.  to  Sergt  Major. 
Stivers,  Wm.  K.,  e.  Jan.  7,  1862  ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Dec.  24,  1863 

m.  o.  Sept.  25,  18(55,  as  Sergt. 
Taylor,  J.  W.,  e.  Jan.  12,  1862;  disd.  Aug.  2,  1864;   disab. 
Taylor,  H.  R.,  e.  Jan.  31,  1862;  re-e.  as  vet.  Dec.  24,  1863; 

m.  o.  Sept.  25, 1865,  as  Corp. 


Walton,  E.  D.,   e.  Feb.  1,  1862;  disd.  April  1,1865;  term 

expired. 
Yerkes,  Henry,  e.  Jan.  23,  1862  ;  disd.  Feb.  14, 1862;  disab 
Liston,  Danl.,  e.  Nov.  3,   1863  ;  m.  o.  Sept.   25,   1865  as 

Corp.;  rect. 
Yorkes,    Henry,   e.   Nov.   3,   1865;  prmtd.    to    Principal 

Musician. 


EIGHTY-EIGHTH   INFANTRY. 

The   Eighty-eighth   Infantry  Illinois  Volun- 
teers was    organized   at  Chicago,   111.,  in   Sep- 
tember, 1862,  by  Col.  Francis  T.  Sherman,  and 
v/as  known   as   the  '-Second   Board   of   Trade 
Regiment."     It  was  mustered  in  Sept.  4,  1862. 
Ordered  to  Louisville,  Ky.,  Sept.  4th,  and  went 
into  camp  below  .Jeffersonville.     Received  arms 
on  the  llth.     Moved  to  Covington,  Ky.,  on  the 
12th.    On  the  15th,  was  brigaded  with  Twenty- 
fourth  Wisconsin  and    Second    and    Fifteenth 
Missouri,  Col.  Greasel's  (First)  Brigade,  Gran- 
ger's Division,  Army  of  the  Ohio.     On  the  21st, 
moved   to   Louisville,  and  was   brigaded    with 
Twenty-first  Michigan,  Twenty-fourth  Wiscon- 
sin and  Thirty-sixth  Illinois,  Col.  Greasel  com- 
manding Thirty-seventh  Brigade  ;  Eleventh  Di- 
vision, Brig.  Gen.  P.  H.  Sheridan  commanding. 
Oct.  1,  1862,  marched  in  pursuit  of  Bragg. 
Engaged  in  the  battle  of  Perryville,  Oct.  8th, 
losing  4  men  killed.  5  mortally  woun<led,  and 
36  wounded.     Marched  to  Crab  Orchard,  and 
thence  to   Lebanon   and  Bowling  Green,  Ky., 
arriving  Oct.  30,  1862.     Moved  toward  Nash- 
ville, arriving  at  Edgefield  Nov.  7th.     Moved, 
Nov.  17th,   six    miles  south    of  Nashville,   on 
Nolensville  pike.    Nov.  20,  1862,  brigaded  First 
Brigade,  Second  Division,  under  Maj.  Gen.  P. 
H.  Sheridan,  of  the  Right  Wing,  Army  of  the 
Cumberland.     Dec.  26,   1862,  marched  in  the 
advance  upon   Murfreesboro.      Dec.  31,  1862, 
to  Jan.  3,  1863,  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Stone 
River.  January,  1863,  to  June,  1863,  encamped 
at  Murfreesboro,  with  the  exception  of  a  scout 
to  Columbia,  Tenn.,  in  pursuit  of  Van  Horn. 
June,   1863,   to  July,  1863.  brigaded  in   First 
Brigade,    Second    Division.    Twentieth    Army 
Corps.     Engaged  in  the  advance  in  movement 
against   and    pursuit   of  Bragg,  from   Middle 
Tennessee.    August,  1863,  encamped  at  Bridge- 
port,    Ala.     September,    1863,   joined    in    tlie 
Chickamauga  campaign,  and   advanced  to  Al- 
pine, Ga      Sept.  19th  and  20th,  1863,  engaged 
in  the  battle  of  Chickamauga.     October,  1863, 
encamped   at    Chattanooga.       Brigaded     First 
Brigade,  Second  Division,  Fourth  Army  Corps. 
Nov.  23d  to  25th,  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Mis- 
sion   Ridge.      I'ormed   part   of  the    assaulting 
column   upon   the   left  center  of  the  enemy's 
position,  and  was  among  the  first  to  place  its 
colors  upon   the    enemy's  works.     December, 
1863,  to   February,  1864,  engaged  in  scouting 
through  East  Tennessee,  when  it  encamped  at 
Loudon,  where  it   remained  until  April,  1864. 
April,  1864,  moved  to  Cleveland,  Tenn. 

May,  1864,  joined  the  advance  upon  the  At- 
lanta campaign.  It  continued  with  the  ad- 
vance, as  p.art  of  the  Fourth  Corps,  command,  d 
by  Maj.  Gen.  Howard,  throughout  the  whole 
of  that  campaign,  up  to  and  including  the  cap 


480 


WAR  HISTORY  AND  RECORD. 


lure  of  Atlanta,  participating  in  the  following 
principal  battles  and  skirmishes  :  Rocky  Face 
Ridge,  Kesaca,  Adairsville,  New  Hope  Church, 
Pine  Mountain.  Mud  Creek,  Kenesaw  Moun- 
tain, Smj-rna  Camp  Ground,  Atlanta,  Jones- 
boro  and  Lovejoy  Station.  Its  services  in  the 
advance  movements  were  continuous  and  con- 
stant from  May  to  September,  1864. 

September,  1864,  was  ordered  to  Chatta- 
nooga, and  was  engaged  during  the  month  in 
duty  at  that  place  and  Whiteside  and  Bridge- 
port. October,  1864,  moved  to  Gaylesville, 
Ala.,  and  returned  to  Chattanooga.  Novem- 
ber, 1864,  moved  to  Pulaski,  Tenn..  and  thence, 
upon  the  advance  of  Hood,  to  Columbia,  Frank- 
lin and  Nashville.  It  was  engaged  in  skirm- 
mishes  at  Columbia  and  Spring  Hill,  and  in 
the  battle  of  Franklin,  upon  the  right  center, 
the  main  point  of  attack  of  the  enemy.  Dec  15th 
and  16tb,  1864,  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Nash- 
ville. Dec.  16,  1864,  to.January,  1865,  joined 
in  the  pursuit  of  Hood  from  Tennessee.  Jan- 
uary, 1865,  to  March,  1865,  encamped  at 
Huntsville,  Ala.  March,  1865,  moved  to  Bull's 
Gap.  East  Tennessee.  May.  1865,  moved  to 
Nashville,  where  it  remained  until  its  muster- 
out. 

During  ine  period  of  its  service,  the  regi- 
ment was  always  in  the  front.  It  was  never 
upon  garrison  duty.  Its  losses  in  the  en- 
gagements in  which  it  participated  aggregated 
two  thirds  of  its  number  ;  and  its  conduct  in 
every  battle  was  such  as  to  merit  and  receive 
the  commendation  of  its  Brigade,  Division  and 
Corps  commanders.  For  its  conduct  at  Stone 
River,  Mission  Ridge  and  Franklin,  it  was  made 
the  subject  of  special  mention. 

The  regiment  was  mustered  out  .June  9, 1865, 
at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  and  arrived  at  Chicago, 
111.,  June  lo,  1865,  where  it  received  final  pay 
and  discharge  June  22,  1865. 


Chaplain  J.  C.  Thomas,  e.  Sept.  17, 1862 ;  m.  o.  June  9, 

1><65. 
Sergt.  Major  N.  P.  Jackson,  e.   Aug.   14,  1862;  prmtd.  to 

Second  Lieut.  Co.  F  Feb.  7,  1863;  to  First  Lieut.  Aug. 

26,  1864;  m.  o.  June  9, 1865. 


Company  F. 

Second  Lieut.   James  Watts,  e.  Sept.  4,  1862;   resigned 

Fell.  6,  1863. 
Musician  Calvin  Warner,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862;  disd.  Feb.  3, 

1863 ;  disab. 
Wagoner  J.  A.  Hayes,  e.VAug.  15,  1862;  m.   o.  June  28, 

1865. 
Burger,  G.  W.,  e.  Aug.  15,1862 ;  trans,  to  V.  R.  C.  Oct.  i, 

1864. 
Burlier,  J.  K.,  e.  Aug.  15, 1862;  disd.  March  22,  1863. 
Hager,  J.  J.,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862  ;  trans,  to  V.  K.  C,  Oct.  17, 

1864. 
Harper,  J.  T.,  e.  Aug.  15,  1862;  captured  at  Stone  River; 

exchanged. 
Himthorn,  S.  J.,  e.  Aug.  15,  1862  ;  m.  o.  June  9,  1865. 
Hancock,  H.,  e.  Aug.  13,  18G2;  m.  o.  May  26,  1865. 
Pearson,  S.  W.,  e.  .\ug.  15,  1862;  m.  o.  June  9,  1865. 
Potter,  Marvin,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862 ;  disd.  Aug.  18,  1863. 
Shreve,  David,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862;  di.sd.  Feb.  24,  1865;  wds. 
Sparks,  Bobt.,  e.  Aug.  13, 1862;  trans,  to  36th  III.  Inf. 
Warner,  J.  B.,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862 ;  trans,  to  Eng.  Corps  July 

27,  1864. 
Walts,  M.  H.,  e.  Aug.  15, 1862;  m.  o.  June  9,  1865. 
Yerioii,  J.  C,  e.  Aug.  12, 1862 ;  trans,  to  36th  111 .  I  nf. 


Company  K. 

First  Lieut.  E.  E.Tucker,  e.  Sept.  4, 1862, as  Second  Lieut- 

prmtd.  to  First  Lieut.  Sept.  1,  1863;  prmtd.  to  Q.  M- 
Ad.ims,  D.  M.,e.  Aug.  11,  1862;  m.  o.  June  9,  1^65. 
Bellows,  A.  W.,  e.  Aug.  8,  1862;  disd.  Jan.  31. 1863,  to  re-e. 
Burt,  T.  J.,  e.  Aug.  9,  1862;  died  June  11,  1864  ;  wds. 
Bryan,  John,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862;  trans,  to  V.  R.  C.  July  27, 

1864. 
Biggs,  E.,  e.  Auk.  13,  1862;  died  Jan.  17,  1863. 
Clark,  <;.  A.,  e.  Aug.  13,, 1862;  m.  o.   June  •),  1865  as  Corp. 
Davinson,  S.  B.,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862;  kid.  Nov.  30,  1864. 
Dick,  Martin,  e.  Aug.  13,1862;  died,  Aug.  4,  1863. 
Droll,  F.,  e.  Aug.   13,   1862;  deserted  March  7,  1863. 
Elliott,  F.  J.,  e.  Aug.  19,  1862  ;  dropped  or  deserted   Aug. 

31,  1864. 
Foote,  Geo.,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862;  m.  o.  June  9,1865,  as  Sergt. 
Golden,  Peter,  e.  Aug.   13,   1862 ;  trans,  to  V.  R.  C.  Nov. 

30,  1864. 
Hayward,  E.,  e.  Aug.  13,1862;  m.  o.  June  9,  1865,83 

Sergt. 
Jackson,  N.,  e.  Aug.  14,  1862 ;  prmtd.  to  Sergt.  Major. 
Larey,  T.,  e  Aug.  13,  1862;  detached  at  m.  o.  of  regt. 
Miller,  H.  B.,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862  ;  m.  o.  June  9,  1865. 
culver,  G.  F.,  e.  Aug.  9,  1862;  m.  o.  May  30,  1865. 
Quinn,  J.  H.,  e.  Aug.  13,  1862;  died  Jan.  11,  1863. 
Swann,  Alfred,  e.  Aug.  9,  1862;  died  of  wdi.  received  in 

Kentucky. 


ONE   HUNDRED  AND  THIRTY- 
NINTH  INFANTRY. 

Hospiial  Steward  E.  B.  Eldridge  ;  m.  o.  Oct.  28,  1861. 

Company  C. 

First  Lieut.  E.  W.  Dickinson,  e.  June  1, 1864  ;  m.  o.  Oct. 

18,  1864. 
First  Sergeant  C.  H.  Radford,  e.  May  12, 1864;  m.  o.  Oct. 

28,  1864. 
Corp.  N.  S.  Hainea,  e.  May  12,  1864;   mo.  o.  Oct.  28,  1864. 
Corp.  A.  M.  Myers,  e.  May  12, 1864;  m.  o.  Oct.  28, 1864. 
Corp.  J.  P.  Danst,  e.  Mav  14,  1864 ;  m.  o.  Oct.  28,  1864. 
Corp.  W.  W.  W.  Jones,  e.  May  12,  1864 ;  m.  o.  Oct.  28,  '64. 
Arledge,  D.  P.,  e.  May  13,  1864 ;  m.  o.  Oct.  28,  1864. 
Baker,  M.,  e.  May  30,  1864 ;  m.  o.  Oct.  28, 1864. 
Burton,  F.  M.,  e.  May  13,  1864;  m.  o.  Oct.  28,  1864. 
Burton,  D.  L.,  e.  May  13,  1864  ;  m  o.  Oct.  28, 1864. 
Christ(.£f.  John,  e.  May  14,  1864;  m.  o.  Oct.  28,  1864. 
Cusins,  W.  T.,  e.  May  14, 1864;  m.  o.  Oct.  28,  1864. 
Donaldson,  Wm.,  e.  May  14, 1864;  m.  o.  Oct.  28,  1864. 
Ewing,  Orville,  e.  May  12,  1864;  m.  o.  Oct.  28,  1864. 
Eldridge,   Edwin,   e.   May  12,  1864;  prmtd.  to  Hospital 

Steward. 
Hancock,  P.,  e.  May  12,  1864;  m.  o.  Oct.  28,  1864. 
Jones,  J.  U.,  e.  May  12,  1864;  m.  o.  Oct.  28,  1864. 
Judv,  J.  W.,  e.  May  30,  1864 ;  m.  o.  Oct.  28,  1864. 
Karr,  W.  B.,  e.  May  12,  1864;  m.  o.  Oct.  28,  1864. 
Kinnoar,  J.  H.,  e.  May  16,  1864 ;  m.  o.  Oct.  28,  1864. 
Longfellow,  J.  T.,  e.  May  17,  1864;  died  Aug.  9,  1864.    , 
McClure,  John,  e.  May  6,  1864;  m.  o.  Oct.  28,  1864. 
Neville,  A.  0.,  e.  Mav  14,  1864;  m.  o.  Oct.  28,  1864. 
Osborne,  G.  W.,  e.  M"ay  14,  1864;  m.  o.  Oct.  28,  1864; 
Payne.  H.  J.,  e.  May  14,  1864 ;  m.  o.  Oct.  28,  1864. 
Payne.  J.  T.,  e.  May  14,  1864;  m.  o.  Oct.  28,  1864. 
Reigel,  J.  G.,  e.  May  13,  1864;  died  Oct.  4,  1864. 
Smith,  G.  A.,  e.  Mav  14, 1864 ;  m.  o.  Oct.  28.  1864. 
Simpson,  H.  H.,  e.  May  14.  Ib64;  m.  o.  Oct.  28, 1864. 
Smith,  H.  R.,  e.  May  14,  1864;  m.  o.  Oct.  28, 1864. 
Van  Mitre,  H.  R.,  e.  May  14, 1864  ;  m.  o.  Oct.  28, 1864. 

Company  E. 

First  Sergt.  I.  E.  Macy,  e.  May  17, 1864 ;  m.  o.  May  28, 1864. 
Herrick,  G.  M.,  e.  May  19,  1864;  m  o.  Oct.  28,  1864. 
Kidiler,  E.  P.,  e.  May  17,  1864;  m.  o.  Oct.  28,  1864. 
Mickle,  J.  Q.,  e.  May  17,  1864;  m.  o.  Oct.  28,  1864. 
Wilson,  Saml.,  e.  May  21,  1864  ;  m.  o.  Oct.  28, 1864. 


EIGHTH    INFANTRY. 
Company  A. 

Allen,  J.  W.,  e.  Sept.  9,  1863,  as   rect.;    trans,   to  Co.   G; 
disd.  Sept.  8,  1864  ;  term  ex. 


AVAR  HISTORY  AND  RECORD. 


481 


Company  B. 

Olson,  Hover,  e.  Oct.  3,  1864,  as  rect.;  disd.  Oct.  2, 1865. 
Swift,  F.  E.,  e.  Oct.  13, 1S64,  as  sub.  rect.  ;  m.  o.  Oct.  12, 
1865. 

Company  D. 

Kellogg,  J.  AV.,  e.  Sept.  10,  1S64,  as   rect.;  m.  o.  Sept.  18, 

1865. 
King,  J.  W.,  e.  Sept.  19,  1864,  as  rect.;  m.  o.  Sept.  18, 1865. 
Raimev,  John,   e.   Feb.  1,   1865,  as   rect.;  m.  o.  Jan.  31, 

18t)6. 
Sunderland,  Joseph,  e.  Sept.  19,  1864,  as  rect.;  m.  o.  Sept. 

18,  1865. 
Brainbridge,  William,  e.  Sept.  19, 1861 ;  trans,  from  17th 

Inf.;  m.  o.  Sept.  9,  1864. 
Delph.  I'.  D.,  e.  Sept.  9,  1861  ;  trans,  from  17th' Inf.;  disd. 

Sept.  18, 1864. 

Company  E. 

Warner,  Reuben,  e.  July  25,  1861;  deserted  Dec.  31,1863. 
Walston,  Martin,  e.  Aug  20,  1861 ;  died  Jan.  9,  1862. 
Keys,  J.  F.,  e.  Sept.  19,  18i;4,  as  rect.;  m.  o.  Sept.  18,  1865. 
Brocksitter,  John,   e.  Nov.  23, 1863,  as  rect.;   trans,  to  Co. 

G  May  4,  1866. 
Carr,  R.  S.,  e.  Dec.  1, 1863,  as  rect.;  trans,  to  Co.  G  May  4, 

1866. 
Hengstler,  Chris.,  e.  Nov.  23,  1863,  as  rect.;  trans,  to  Co. 

G  May  4,  1866. 
Leonard,  J.  J.,  e.  Nov.  24,  1863,   as   rect.;   trans,  to   Co. 

G  ;  disd.  April  7, 1865,  disab. 
Robinson,  J.  D.,  e.  Nov.  30, 1863,  as  rect.;  trans,  to  Co.  6 

May  4,  1866. 

Company  F. 

Fitzgerald,  Patrick,  e.  Sept.  20, 1861,  rect.;  disd.  July  14, 

1865. 
Mittv,  Leander,  e.  Sept.  20,  1861,  rect.;    m.  o.  Sept.  19, 

1865. 

Company  C. 

Grisom,  James,  e.  Oct.  4,  1864,  rect. ;  disd.  Oct.  3,  1865. 
Mason,  W.  E.,  e.  Oct.  4,  1864,  sub.   rect. ;    died   May  27,    t 
1865. 

Company  I. 

Cawley,  Jacob,  e.  Sept.  29,  1861 ;  disd.  Sept.  29,  1864. 
Causey,  T.  A.,  e.  April  10.  1862;  m.  o.  April  9,  1865. 
Moreland,  W.  H.,  e.  Sept.  9,  1861 ;  disd  Sept.  9,  1864. 
Thornton,  H.  C,  e.  Dec.  11,  1863 ;  m.  o.  May  4,  1866. 
Wilkinson,  H.  B  .  e.  Sept.  7,  1861 ;  disd.  Sept.  7,  1864. 

Company  K. 

Hinshaw,  Wm.,  e.  July  25,  1861 ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Dec.  7, 
1863;  m.  o.  May  4,  1866. 

Hoy,  A.  M.,  e.  Oct.  5,  1864,  rect.;  m.  o.  June  5,  1865. 

Smith,  Geo.,  e.  Sept.  19,  1864  ;  kid.  April  9,  1865. 

Coleman,  Robt.,  e.  Jan.  17,  1865,  unassigned  rect.;  de- 
serted Feb.  8,  1865. 

Fremont,  S.  E.,  e.  Oct.  13. 1864,  unassigned  rect. 

Good,  J.  H.,  e.  Sept.  20,  1864,  unassigned  rect. 

Pepper,  Geo.,  e.  Sept.  20, 1864,  unafsigned  rect. 


TWENTY-SIXTH  INFANTRY. 
Company  K. 

Second  Lieut.  Mathias  Hoyt,  e.  as  rect.;  re-e.  as  vet.  Feb. 

7,  1864  ;  prmtd.  to  Second  Lieut.  July  20,  1865  ;  m.  o. 

July  20,  1865. 
Corp.  M.  T.  Hedges,  e.  Dec.  31,1861;  re-e.  as  vet.  Jan. 

7,  1864;  m.  o.  July  20,  1865,  as  First  Sergt. 
Corp.  E.  S.  Lovelaiid,  e.  Jan.  15,  1862 ;   accidentally  killed 

June  1,  1863. 
Allison,   Daniel,   e.  Jan.  25,1862;  re-e.   as   vet.  Feb.   7, 

1864;  kid.  Sept.  3, 1864. 
Allison,  F.  S.,  e.  Jan.  25, 1862 ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Feb.  7, 1864 ; 

m.  o.  July  20,  1865. 
Bell,  Benj.,  e.  Dec.  28, 1861;  re-e.  as  vet.  Feb.  7,  1864  ;m.o. 

July  20,  1865. 
Bachelder,  R.,  e.  Dec.  15,  1861 ;  rce.  as  vet.  Feb.  7,1864; 

m.  0.  July  20,  1865. 
Crane,   Timothy,   e.  Jan.  7,   1862;  re-e.  as  vet.  Feb.  7, 

1864;  died  Aug.  24,1864. 
Cheney,  W.  R.,  e.  Jan.  17,  1862;  died  Ang.  7,1863. 
Ewing,  L.  S.,  e.  Jan.  25,  1862;  died  March  12, 1862. 
Long,  W.  A.,  e.  Dec.  31,1861;  re-e.  as  vet.  Jan.  1, 1864; 

m.  o.  July  20, 1865. 


Monnett,  Jno.,  e.  Dec.  24, 1861 ;  disd.  April  2, 1865 ;  term 

expired. 
Murphey,  Peter,  e.  Jan.  15, 1862;  deserted  June  7,  1863. 
Ninemines,  J.,  e.  Dec.  30,  1861 ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Jan.  1,  1864; 

m.  o.  July  20,  1865. 
Slack,  Jas.,  e.  Dec.  23,  1861 ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Feb.  7,  1864  ;  m. 

o.  July  20,  1865. 
Smalldon,  Jno.,  e.  Jan.  4,  1862;  re-e.  as  vet.  Jan.  1,  1864; 

m.  o.  July  20, 1865,  as  Sergt. 
Wheeler,   Frank,   e.   Jan.  8,   1862;  re-e.  as  vet.   Feb.  7, 

1864;  m.  o.  July  20,  1865,  as  Corp. 
Finley,  W.  A.,  rect.;  disd.  June  7,  1862,  disab. 
Gray,  Eli,  e.  Jan.  1,  1864;  m.  o.  July  20,  1865,  as  Corp. 
Hoyt,  Mathias,  e.  as  rect.;  re-e.  as  vet.  Feb.  7,  1864;  m.  o. 

July  20,  1865,  as  First  Sergt. 
Long,  W.  A.,  e.  as  rect. ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Jan.  1,  1864;  m.  o. 

July  20,  1865. 
McCollum,  B.  K.,  e.  as  rect.;  re-e.  as  vet.  Feb.  7,  1864;  m. 

o.  July  20,  1865,  as  Sergt. 
McCarty,  Bryan,  e.  Dec.  5,  1861 ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Jan.  1, 1864; 

m.  o.  July  20,  1865. 
Riddle,   D.   W.,  e.  Dec.  9,  1861 ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Jan.  1,  1864; 

m.  o.  July  20,  1865. 
Robertson,  Grant,  e.  as  rect.;  died  at  Hannibal,  Mo.  March 

10,  1862. 
Sumner,  Thos.,  e.  as  rect.;  re-e.  as  vet.  Feb.  7,  1864;  kid. 

at  Kenesaw  Mountain  .Tune  21,  1864. 
Hays,  Warren,  e.  Oct.  18,  1864 ;  unassigned.  rect. 

THIRTY-SEVENTH  INFANTRY. 
Company  B. 

Sergt.  H.  B.  Bleakly,  e.  Aug.  19, 1861 ;  disd.  Sept.  1, 1862, 

disab. 
Barney,  W.  H.,  e.  Aug.  19,  1861 ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Feb.  10, 

1864;  m.  o.  May  1,  1866. 
Cragan,  Peter,  e.  Aug.  19,  1861 ;  m.  o.  Oct  4,  1864. 
Dudley,  G.  W.,  e.  Aug.  19,  1861  ;  m.  o.  Oct.  4,  1864. 
Dudlev.Chaa  ,  e.  Aug.  19,  1861 ;  disd.  Aug.  19,  1864. 
Ellsworth,  Alma,  e.  Aug.  19,  1861 ;  disd.  Jan.  26,  1865. 
Lee,  R.  M.  J.,  e.  Aug.  19,  1861 ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Feb.  10,  1864. 
Miner,  M.  V.  B.,  e.  Aug.  19,  1861 ;  disd.  Jan.  25,  1865. 
Patrick,  W.  M.,  e.  Aug.  19,  1861  ;  disd.  Jan.  4,  1864. 
Reed,  I.  W.,  e.  .\ug.  19,  1861 ;  m.  o.  Sept.  24,  1864. 
Reed,  I.  C,  Jr.,  e.  Aug.  19,   1861 ;  re-e.   as  vet.   Feb.  10, 

1864;  m.  o.  May  15,  1865. 
Sellen,  Broda,  e.  Aug.  19,  1861;  m.  o.  Oct.  4, 1864. 
Sterns,  J.  0.,  e.  Aug.  19,  1861 ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Feb.  10,  1864; 

m.  o.  March  6,  1866,  as  Sergt. 
Wyman,  Jas.,  e.  Aug.  19,  1861 ;  disd.  Oct.  14,  1862,  wd. 
Whitehead,  Albert,  e.  Aug.  19,  1861 ;  m.  o.  Sept.  29,  1864. 
Wilkinson,  Temple,  e.  Aug.  19,  1861,  rect.;  m.  o.  Oct.  4, 

1864. 
Wyman,  J.  S.,  e.  Jan.  15,  1865,  rect.;  m.  o.  Jan.  15, 1866. 

SIXTY-SECOND   INFANTRY. 
Connpany  A. 

Spilky,  D.  D.,  e.  Feb.  1, 1864  ;  trans,  to  Co.  A  as  consd.; 
m.  o.  March  6,  1866,  as  Sergt. 

Company  C. 

Riley,  Peter,  e.  Feb.  20,  1865;  trans,  to  Co.  C  as  consd.; 
m.  o.  March  6,  1866. 

Company  D. 

Kems,  Thos.,  e.  Jan.  13,  1865;  trans,  to  Co.  E  as  consd. ; 
m.  o.  Jan.  19,  1866. 

Company  H. 

Butt,  F.  D.,  e.  Feb.  1,  1862 ;  deserted  April  18,  1862. 
Hibbs,  John,  e.  Feb.  1,  1862;  re-e.  as  vet.lFeb.  2,1864 

trans,  to  Co.  A  as  consd. 
Hibbs,  Jos.,   e,  Feb.  1,  1862;  re-e.  as   vet.  Feb.  2,  1864 

trans,  to  Co.  A  as  consd. ;  m.  o.  March  6,  1866. 
Smith,  E.  C,  e.  Feb.  1,  1862  ;    re-e.  as  vet.  Feb.  2, 1864 

m.  o.  March  6,  1866. 

Company  I. 

Briggs,  J.  M.,  e.  Feb.  1,  1862  ;  m.  o.  May  2,  1865. 
Herring,  G.  W.,  e.  Feb.  1, 1862 ;  died  Jan.  12,  1863. 
McDermid,  Geo.,  e.  Feb.  1,  1862  ;  died  June  29,  1863. 
Sweeney,  Jas.,  e.  Feb.  1,  1862;  m.  o.  May  2,  1865. 
Tapp,  Jas.,  e.  Feb.  1,  1862  ;  disd.  June  25,  1862,  disab. 
Mellar,  David,  e.  Feb.  20,  1864;  trans,  to  Co.  G  as  consd.; 
m.  o.  Feb.  20,  1866. 


482 


WAR  HISTORY  AND  RECORD. 


MISCELLANEOUS  INFANTRY. 


SEVENTH   INFANTRY. 

Companies   C   and    I,   Consolidated 
as  Company  I. 

Olson,    Andrew,   e.  Jan.   10,1805,   as  rect;    m.  o.  July  9, 
1865. 

NINTH   INFANTRY. 

(Consolidated.) 

Company  B. 

Duffy,  Jas.,  e.  Jan.  11,  1S05 ;  lu.  o.  July  9,  1865. 
Duffy,  Chas.,  e.  Jan.  11,  1S65 ;  m.  o.  July  9,  1865. 
Moore,  Thos.,  e.  Jan.  14,  1865;  absent  at  m.  o.  of  regt. 
Ryan,  Dennis,  e.  Jan.  11, 1865  ;  m.  o.  July  9,  1865. 
Troy,  Jas.,  e.  Jan.  11,  1865;  m.  o.  July  9,  1865. 
O'Brien,  Dennis,  e.  Jan.  11, 1865,  unassigned  rect. 


TENTH   INFANTRY. 
Company  C. 

Brown,  Jackson,  e.  April  12, 1865,  rect. ;    m.  o.  July  4, 

1865. 
Dustin,   Franklin,   e.  Jan.  10,  1865,  rect.;    m.  o.  July  4, 

1865. 
Macklin,  Jas.,  e.  April  12,  1865,>ect. ;  m.  o.  July  4,  1865. 


ELEVENTH   INFANTRY. 
Company  B. 

Collins,  John,  rect.;  disd.  May  14,  1862. 
Moulton,  L.  M.,  e.  Sept.  20,  1864 ;  m.  o.  July  14,  1865. 
Miller,  J.  B.,  e.  Sept.  20,  1864;  disd.  March  1,  1865. 
Reeser,  W.  H.,  e.  Sept.  20,  1864 ;  ni.  o.  July  14,  1865. 

Company  E. 

West,  A.  L.,  e.  Oct.  12,  1864 ;  trans,  to  8th  Inf. 

Company  C. 

Atkins,  Alden,  e.  Sept.  24, 18G4;  rect.;  m.  o.  July  14,1865. 

Company  I. 

Hawk,  John,  e.  Nov.  29,  1861 ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Dec.  27,  1863; 
prmtd.  to  Sergt.;  trans,  to  8th  Inf. 

Company  K. 

Bateman,  Wm.  N.,  e.  Sept.  19,  1864;   rect.;  ni.  o.  July  14, 

1865. 
Kennedy,  .Tas.,  e.  Sept.  19,  1864;  rect.;  ni.  o.  July  14, 1865. 
Taylor,  Henry,  e.  Sept.  19, 1864  ;  rect ;  m.  o.  July  14, 1865. 
Wilcox,  Wm.  B.,  e.  Oct.  5,  1864;  rect.;  trans.;   m.  o.  Sept. 

26,  1865. 


FOURTEENTH  INFANTRY. 
Company  E. 

Sessions,  Morton,  e.  Feb.  28,  1865  ;  deserted  June  27, 1865. 

SIXTEENTH  INFANTRY. 
Company  C. 

Hushman,  J.  F.,  rect.;  e.  Jan.,  1865;  m.  o.  July  8,  1865. 

NINETEENTH  INFANTRY. 
Company  B. 

Hall,  Wesley,  e.  June  18,  1861 ;  trans,  to  Co.  C  ;  re-e.  as 
vet.  Dec.  21,  1863. 


TWENTIETH  INFANTRY. 
Company  G. 

Bowman,  Wm.,  e  Sept.  19,  1864;  rect. 

Company  H. 

Fanning,  John,  e.  Jan.  10, 1865 ;  rect.;  m.  o.  July  16,  1865. 

Company  I. 

Cooper,  Israel,   e.   Sept.   27,  1804;  drafted;  m.  o.  JuneS 

1865. 
Davis,  S.  J.,  e.  Jan.  19,  1865  ;  drafted  ;  m.  o.  June  16,  1865. 
Dean,  S.  J.  F.,  e.  Sept.  27, 1864  ;  drafted  ;  m.  o.  June  5,  '05. 
Peterson,  Chas.,  e.  Sept.  27, 1864 ;  drafted ;  m.  o.  June  5,  '65. 

Company  K. 

Grant,  Isaac,  e.  Sept.  27, 1864;  drafted  ;  m.  o.  June  5,  1865. 


TWENTY-THIRD  INFANTRY. 
Company  D. 

Hill,  Lucius,  e.   March  18,  1862,  as   rect.;   re-e.  as  vet. 

March  17,  1864 ;  m.  o.  July  24, 1865. 
Harding,  J.  F.,  e.  April  4,  1862;  disd.  term  expired. 
Leonard,  J.  M.,  e.  March  30,  1862;  disd.  term  expired. 
McGowan,  W.   J.,  e.  Feb.  28,  1862 ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Feb.  28, 

186-1;  m.  o.  July  24,  1865. 
McMahon,  J.  R.,  e.  Feb.  28,  1862  ;  died  July  7,1864,  wds. 
O'Connor,  Jno.,  e.  March  19, 1862;  re-e.  as  vet.  March  18, 

1864 ;  died  April  2,  1865,  wds. 


TWENTY-EIGHTH  INFANTRY. 

(Consolidated.) 

Company  B. 

Hedges,   David,   e.  Jan.   14,   1865;  rect.;  m.   o.  Jan.   13, 
1866. 

Company  F. 

Mercer,  A.  S.,  e.  Jan.  14, 1805  ;  rect.;  died  Dec.  12. 1865. 
Shaffer,  W.  J.,  e.  Jan.  14,  1865;  rect.;  died  July  2,  1865. 

Company  K. 

Smith,  G.  W.,  e.  March  17,  1865  ;  deserted  April  1,  1865. 
Bradley,  Jesse,  e.  Jan.  17,  1865  ;  unassigned.  rect. 
Collins,  Jno.,  e.  Feb.  4, 1865  ;  unassigned.  rect. 


THIRTY-FIRST   INFANTRY. 
Company  K. 

Einsphar,  August,  e.  Sept.  29,  1864,  rect. ;  m.  o.  July  19, 
1865. 

THIRTY-THIRD    INFANTRY. 
Company  A. 

Capt  Harry  J.  Dutton,  e.  as  Sergt. -Aug.  21,  18G1;  prmtd. 

to  Second   Lieut.  Sept.  5,  186i ;  to  First  Lieut.  March 

17,  1863 ;  to  Capt.  Aug.  3,  1863  ;  m.  o.  Nov.  24,  1865. 
Greening,  Chas.,  e.  Jan.  10,1865,   rect.;    kid.  March   2, 

1865. 
Smith,  A.  K.,  e,  Jan.   10,  1865,  rect.;  m.  o.  Nov.  24,  1865. 
Smith,  H.  W.,  e.  Jan.   10,  1865,  rect. ;  disd.  Nov.  10,  1865, 

disab. 
Walker,  H.  M.,  e.  Jan.  17,  1865,  rect. ;  kid.  March  2,  1865. 
Wolf,  Jerome,  e.  Jan.  18,  1805,  rect.;  kid.  March  2,  1865. 

Company  B. 

Smillie,  J.  B.,  e.  Aug.  20,  1861 ;  disd.  Dec.  6, 1862,  disab. 

Company  C. 

Bateman,   Albert,   e.   Aug.  20,  1861  ;    disd.  Jan.  15,  1862, 
disab. 


WAR  HISTORY  AND  RECORD. 


483 


THIRTY-FOURTH    INFANTRY. 
Company  C, 

Durst,  H.  R.,  e.  Nov.  20, 1863.  rect. ;  trans,  from  86th  Inf.; 
m.  o.  July  12,  1865. 

Company  K. 

Fry,  Preston,  e.  Sept.  6, 1861,  rect.;  deserted  May  28,1862. 
Melton,  John,  e.  Sept.  6,  1861,  rect.;  died  Jan.  28,  1861. 
Sullivan,  Jos.,  e  Feb.  25,  1865  ;  trans,  from  86th  Inf. ;  m. 

o.  July  12,  1865. 
Tullis,  M.  L.,  e.  June  20,  1865;  trans,  from  86th  Inf.;  m. 

O.July  12,1865. 

THIRTY-FIFTH   INFANTRY. 
Company  B. 

Capt.  Henry  H.  Reed,   e.  as   Second   Lieut.  July  3, 1861 ; 

prmtd.  to  First  Lieut.  Oct.  20,  1862;  to  Capt.  Jan.  23, 

1863;  term  expd.  Sept.  27,  1864. 
Corp.  Jos.  Davidson,  e.  July  3,  1861 ;  wd.;  m.  o.  Sept.  27, 

1864. 
Corp.  Levi  Davison,  e.  July  3, 1861 ;  m.  o.  Sept.  27,  1864. 
Corp.  G.  W.  Hounshell,  e.  July  3,  1861  ;   m.  o.  Sept.  27, 

1864. 
Brown,  G.  D.,  e.  July  3, 1861 ;  died  March  2, 1862. 
Buchanan,  Moses,  e.  July  3, 1861 ;  kid.  Jan.  1,  1863. 

FORTY-FIRST  VETERAN  BAT- 
TALION. 

Jones,  James   T.,   e.  Jan  16,  1865;   unassigned  recruit' 

trans,  to  Co.  K,  52d  111.  Inf. 
Singezer,  e.  Jan.  14,  1865 ;  unassigned  recruit. 

FORTY-SECOND  INFANTRY. 
Company  C. 

Kingston,  Franklin,  e.  Aug.  18,  1861  ;  m.o.  Sept.  16,  1864. 

FORTY-THIRD  INFANTRY. 

(Consolidated.) 

Company   C. 

Anderson,  Chas.,  e.  March  10.  1865;  m.  o.  Nov.  30, 1865. 
Johnson,  J.  F.,  e.  March  10,  1865  ;  died  Oct.  22,  1865. 
Lunstrum,  G.  F.,  e.  March  24,  1865 ;  m.  o.  Nov.  30,  1865. 
Byddall  Swen,  e.  March  24,  1865  ;  m.  o.  Nov.  30,  1865. 
Strum,  Enoch,  e.  March  10,  1865 ;  m.  o.  Nov.  .30,  1865. 
Swanson,  Ludwig,  e.  March  10,  1S65;  m.  o.  Nov.  30,  1865. 

Company   D. 

Larkins,  Geo.,  e.  Feb.  21,  1805,  recruit;  m.  o.  Nov.  30, 

1865. 

Company  C. 

Johnson,  Saml.,  e.  March  10,  1865;  m.  o.  June  16,  1865. 
Johnson,  Chas.,  e.  Murch  10,  186'' ;  m.  o.  June  11,  1865. 
Murbary,  Chas.,  e.  March  24,  1865 ;  unassigned  recruit. 

FORTY-FOURTH  INFANTRY. 
Company  C. 

Boornhover,  Hiram,   e.  Sept.  20, 1864,  rect. ;  m.  o.  June 
15,  1865. 

Company  K. 

Egen,  Chas.,  e.  Sept.  1, 1861. 

MarJer,  Henry,  e.  Sept.  1,  1861. 

Waltz,  Martin,  e.  Sept.  1,  1861 ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Jan.  1,  1864; 

ni.  o.  Sept.  25,  1865,  as  Corp. 
Gerbling,  Kdward,  disd.  Jan.  17,  1862  ;  recruit. 
Keunell,  Andreas,  recruit ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Jan.  1,  1864;  m. 

o.  Sept.  25,  1865,  as  Corp. 
Nass,  Clemens,  recruit. 
Jager,  Daniel,   recruit,  e.  Sept.  20,  1864 ;  m.  o.  June  15, 

1865. 
Seiple,  Conrad,  recruit,  e.  Sept.  21,  1864;  m.  o.  June  15, 

1865. 
Stolckhert,  John,  recruit,  e.  Sept.  20,  1864 ;  m.   o.  June 

15,  1865. 


FORTY-SIXTH  INFANTRY. 
Company  C. 

Butler,  E.  M.,  e.  Jan.  9,  1865  ;  m.  o.  June  8,  1866. 

FIFTIETH  INFANTRY. 
Company  C. 

Brown,  J.  C,  e.  Sept.  24,  1864 ;  rect. 

Company  K. 

Corp.  G.  W.  Ricedoff,  e.  Nov.  1,  18G1  ;  trans,   to  25th  Inf  • 
m.  o.  March  27,1862.  " 

FIFTY-THIRD  INFANTRY. 
Company  C. 

Northener,  Wm.,  e.  Nov.  30,  18G4  ;  rect. 

Company  H. 

Wilkinson,  Geo.,  e.  Jan.  24,  1862;  re-e.  as  vet.  Jan.  5. 

1864;    m.  o.  July  22,  1865. 
Wilkinson,  Caleb,  e.  Jan.  24, 1862  ;  ni.  o.  March  25,  1865. 
Welch,  Jas.,  e.  Jan.  6, 1865 ;  unassigned  rect. 

FIFTY-FOURTH  INFANTRY. 

Company  B.  ^ 

Ewing,  J.  H.,  e.  Jan.  19,  1865  ;  reel;  m.o.  Oct.  15,  1865. 
Laws,  Jas.,  e.  Jan.  19,  1865  ;  rect.;  m.  o.  Oct.  15,  1865. 

Company  H. 

Lowery,  T.  C,  e.  Jan.  3,  1865;  rect.;  m.  o.  Oct.  15, 1865. 

Company  K. 

Depew,  John,  e.  Dec.  10,  1801  ;  re-e.   as  vet.  Dec.  26,  1863  ; 

m.  o.  Oct.  15,  1865,  as  Corp. 
Depino,  E.  H.  H.,  e.  Dec.  10, 1861. 
Tabor,  Asa,  e.  Dec.  10,  1861. 

FIFTY-SIXTH  INFANTRY. 

Sergt.  J.  S.  Whitmire,   e.   May  26,  1862;  resigned,  July 
15, 1863. 

Company  C. 

Smith,  Jasper,  e.  Jan.  30,  1865  ;  rect.;  m.  o.  Aug.  12,  1866.. 


FIFTY-SEVENTH  INFANTRY. 
Company  H. 

Sergt.  Harrison   Read.   e.   Sept.  29,  1861;  m.  o.  Dec.  25^ 

1864. 
Corp.  Henry  McCabe,  e.  Sept.  24,  1861  ;  fe-e.  as  vet.  Dec. 

27,  1863;  died  in  Andersonville  Prfton. 
Berlenmeier,  Christolf,  e.  Oct.  16,  1861 ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Deo^ 

27,  1863;  m.  o.  July  7,  186.5. 
Bennett,  Phineas,  e.  Sept.  29,  1861  ;  deserted  Dec.  7,  1861. 
Ctteral,  W.  H.,  e.  Oct.  15,  1801 ;  disd.  Feb.  1,  1862. 
Dudley,  Henry,  e.  Oct.  2, 1801  ;  disd.  Aug.  29, 1S62,  disab. 
Miller,  Chas.,  e.  Sept.  26,  1861 ;  died  July  11,  1862. 


FIFTY-EIGHTH   INFANTRY. 

(Consolidated.) 

Company  F. 

Cooper,  D.  C,  e.  March  27,  1865 ;  m.  o.  March  27,  1806. 
Miller,  A.  F.,  e.  March  27,  1805 ;  m.  o.  March  27,  1866. 

Company  I. 

Nichols,  G.  W.,  e.  Feb.  28,  1865  ;  m.  o.  March  1,  1866. 
Craig,  Geo.,  e.  April  12, 1865,  unassigned  rect. 


484 


WAR  HISTORY  AND  RECORD. 


SIXTY-FIRST   INFANTRY. 
Company  E. 

Brown,  Daniel,  e.  as  rect. ;  m.  o.  Sept.  8, 1865. 

Company  H. 

Marvin,  R.  X.,  e.  Oct.  2f>,  ISKi,  rect. ;  ■  m.  o.  Sept.  8,  1865. 
Tindale,  X.  B.,  e.  Oct.  26,  186,3,  rect. ;  m.  o.  Sept.  8,  1865. 
Hranitxky,  Geo.,  e.  Oct.  21,  1864,  unassigned  rect. 

SIXTY-FIFTH  INFANTRY. 
Company  C. 

Winetier,  J.  P.,  e.  March  21,  1862 ;    trans,  to  Co.  K  as 

consd. 
Winetier,  T.  S..  e.  March   21,  1862 ;    trans,  to  Co.  K  as 

consd. 

SIXTY-SIXTH  INFANTRY. 
Company  I. 

McMullen,  Geo.,  e.  Feb.  11,  1S64 ;  m.  o.  July  7,  1865. 
Mitchell,  J.  C,  e.  Feb.  11,  1864:  m.  o.  July"?,  1865. 
Baker,  W.  C,  e.  Sept.  20, 1862,  unassigned  rect. 

SIXTY-SEVENTH  INFANTRY. 
Company  B. 

Fitzgerald,  Thos.,  e.  June  4,  1SG2. 

Company  C. 

Mnrphy,  John,  e.  June  2,  1862,  rect. 

SIXTY-NINTH  INFANTRY. 
Company  C. 

Bennett,  Samuel,  e.  June  11,  1862;  m.  o.  Sept.  27,1862. 
Travis,  "O'.  31.,  e.  June  7,  1862;  m.  o.  Sept.  27, 1862. 
Zinne,  J.  H.,  e.  June  3, 1862;  m.  o.  Sept.  27, 1862. 

Company  K. 

Marsh,  Geo.,  e.  June  4,  1SC2. 

SEVENTY-SECOND  INFANTRY. 
Company  B. 

Talmadge,  B.  J.,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862;  died  Oct.  18, 1862. 

EIGHTY-FIRST  INFANTRY. 
Company  K. 

Franklin,  Kobt.,  e.  Feb.  11,  18G5;  unassigned.  rect. 

EIGHTY-THIRD  INFANTRY. 
Company  B. 

Brown,  Danl.,  e.  Jan.  16,  leG5 ;  trans,  to  Co.  E,  61st  Inf. 

EIGHTY-FOURTH  INFANTRY. 
Company  D. 

Sergt.  Wm.  J.  Ellis,  e.  July  17,  1862;  disd.  June  30,  1863  ; 

disab. 
Corp.  0.  W.  Harvey,  e.  Aug.  7, 1862;  died  April  11, 1863. 
Briscoe,  Wm.  H.,  e.  Aug.  11, 1862;  disd.  Jan.  26,  1864,  aa 

Sergt.;  disab. 
Fisher,  J.  J.,  e.  July  23, 1862 ;  trans,  to  V.  K.  C.  April  20, 

1863. 
Gamble,  Wm.,  e.  July  25,  18G2 ;  disd.  June  30, 1863;  wds. 
Jones,  J.  F..  e.  Aug.  2,  1862  ;  m.  o.  June  8, 1865,  as  Corp. 
Jones,  Willis,  e.  Aug.  2,  1862;  died  June  6,  1865. 
Jones,  Harrison,  e.  Aug.  2,  1862;  m.o.  June  8.  1865. 
Nighsnonger,  W.  J.,  e  Aug.  2, 186:i;  deserted  Oct.  25.1862. 
Roach,  Stephen,  e.  \ng  yj^  l.sG2;  died  Jan.  17,  1864. 


EIGHTY-FIFTH  INFANTRY. 


Company  K. 

'.  Aug.  15,  1862;  m 
Grant,  Jas.,  e.  Aug.  16, 1862 ;  died  Sept.  8, 1862. 


Andrews,   Geo.,   e.  Aug.  15,  1862;  m.  o.  June  14,1865, 
wd. 


NINETIETH  INFANTRY. 
Company  C. 

Cullen,  Jeremiah,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862;  kid.  at  Mission  Bidee 

Nov.  5,  1863. 
Lawler,  James,  e.  Sept.  24,  1862;  deserted  June  9,  1863. 
Leonard,  Daniel,  e.  Sept.  24,  1862 ;  deserted  Nov.  20,  1862. 
Byan,  Timothy,  e.  Sept.  22,  1862;  disd.  March  19,  1865; 

disab. 
Byan,  James,  e.  Sept.  22, 1862;  m.  o.  June  24, 1865. 
Swan,  Simond,  e.  Aug.  14,  1862;  m.  o.  June  6,  1865,  as 

Corp. 

NINETY-FOURTH   INFANTRY. 
Company  E. 

Hood,  D.  T.,  e.  Aug.  7, 1862;  m.  o.  July  17,  1865, as  Corp. 
Hecksamer,  D.,  e.  Aug.  7, 1862;  died  April  30, 1864. 

NINETY-SEVENTH  INFANTRY. 
Company  F. 

Capt.  J.  H.  Welch,  e.  Sept.  8,  1862;  resigned  Jan.  22,  '63. 
First  Lieut.  T.  W.  McClanahan,  e.  Aug.  9,  1862,  as  Sergt.; 

prmtd.  to  Second  Lieut.  Jan.  27, 1863  ;  to  First  Lieut. 

Aug.  1.3,   18G3;  to  Adjutant   Aug.  1,  1865;  m.  o.  July 

29,  1865,  as  First  Lieut. 
First  Sergt.  Israel  Haines,  e.  .\ng.  9,  1862;  died  in  18^3. 
Sergt.  Nelson  Clow,  e.  Aug.  9,  1862 ;   died  March  23,  1863. 
Sergt.  Elisha  Blankenship,  e    Aug.  9,  1862;  m.o.  July 

29,  1865. 
Corp.  B.  B.  Pashall,  e.  Aug.  9, 1862;  died  April  4,  1865. 
Wagoner  Wm.  Dull,  e.  Aug.  9, 1862;  disd.  April  11, 1864. 
Clark,  Zadock,  e.  Aug.  11,  1862 ;  died  March  20,  1863. 

NINETY-NINTH  INFANTRY. 

(■Consolidated.) 

Company  C. 

Butler,  E.  M.,  e.  Jan.  9,  1865  ;  trans,  to  46th  111.  Inf. 

ONE     HUNDRED     AND     FOURTH 
INFANTRY. 
Company  B. 

Sullivan,  Jos.,  e.  Feb.  25,  l>6o  ;  trans,  to  34th  111.  Inf. 
Tullis,  M.  L.,  e.  Jan.  20,  1865;  trans,  to  34th  111.  Inf. 
Lanham,  J.  F.,  e.  Jan.  13, 1865,  unassigned  rect. 

ONE    HUNDRED   AND  SIXTH 
INFANTRY. 
Company  A. 

Bellamy,  C.  M.,  e.  Jan.  17, 1865,  rect.;  m.  o.  July  12, 1865. 

Company  C. 

Mick,  C.  W.,  e.  Jan.  10,  1S65 ;  died  March  27,  1865. 

ONE  HUNDRED   AND  TENTH  IN- 
FANTRY. 

(Consolidated.) 

Company  C. 

Overturf,  C.  C,  e.  March  9, 1865  ;  rect.;  trans,  to  60th  Inf. 

Company  D. 

Mnsgraves,  J.,  e.  Jan.  3,  1865;  rect.:  trans,  to  60th  Inf. 


WAR  HISTORY  AND  RECORD. 


485 


ONE    HUNDRED   AND    TWELFTH 
INFANTRY. 
Company  F. 

Crabtree,  \ath.,  e.  Aug.  15,  18(i2  ;  disa.  July  23,  1864  ;  wds. 
Johnson,  G.  W.,  e.  Aug.  15,  1862  ;  lu.  o.  June  20,  1865. 
Lafferty,  Royal,  e.  Aug.  13, 1862  ;  m.  o.  June  20,  1865. 
Tinlin,  David,  e.  Aug.  22, 1862 ;  trans,  to  V.  R.  C.  March 

15,  1865. 
Brown,  Z.  T.,  e.  Jan.  6, 1865;  trans,  to  65th  Inf. 


ONE    HUNDRED    AND    FOUR- 
TEENTH INFANTRY. 
Company  I. 

Fox,  Smith,  e.  Jan.  16,  1865;  rert.;  trans,  to  58th  111.  Inf. 

Lanhan,  J.  T.;  rect.;  trans,  to  68th  111.  Inf. 

Lawson,  J.  T.,  e.   Jan.  16,  1865 ;  rect.;  trans,  to  58th  III. 

Inf. 
Francis,  Wm.  H.,  e.  Jan.  16,  1865  ;  unassigned  rect. 

ONE  HUNDRED  AND  SIXTEENTH 
INFANTRY. 
Company  F. 

Mvrsician  Frank  Butt,  e.  Sept.  10,  1862;  disd.  Feb.  21,  '63. 
Patton,  John,  e.  Sept.  8,  1862;  m.  o.  July  16,  1865. 


ONE    HUNDRED     AND    TWENTY- 
THIRD   INFANTRY. 

Grieve,  Wm.  L.,  e.  Jan.  24,  1865 ;  unassigned  rect. 


ONE    HUNDRED    AND    TWENTY- 
SEVENTH  INFANTRY. 
Company  B. 

Esau,  Henrich,  e.  July  28,  1862;  deserted  Oct.  30,  1862. 
Fliescher,  .\lbert,  e.  July  18,  18  62;  m.  o.  June  5,  1865. 
Kline,  Gotlfrich.  e.  Aug.  1,  1862  ;  died  June  1, 1863. 
Scharenbergo,  Edw.,  e.  July  18,  1862  ;  disd.  Oct.  15, 1862. 


ONE    HUNDRED    AND    TWENTY- 
NINTH  INFANTRY. 
Company  E. 

Acker,  G.  W.,  e.  Jan.  18, 1865 ;  trans,  to  Co.  G,  16th  Inf 

Company  C. 

Hercules,  C,  e.  Aug.  5,  1862;  disd.  April  22,1865;  wds. 

ONE  HUNDRED  AND  THIRTIETH 
INFANTRY. 
Company  D. 

First  Lieut.  Wm.  C.  McGowan,  e.  as  Second  Lieut.  Dec. 
14,  18f.) :  prmtd.  to  First  Lieut.  July  26,  1805  ;  m.  o. 
Aug.  15,  1865. 

ONE  HUNDRED  AND   THIRTY- 
FOURTH  INFANTRY. 
Company  F. 

Corp.  D.  F.  Wilson,  e.  May  14,  1864;  ni.  o.  Oct.  25,1864. 

Company  C. 

Buckingham,  M.,  e.  May  22,  1864;  m.  o.  Oct.  25,  1864. 
Garrison,  Geo.,  e.  May  22, 1864;  m.  o.Oct.  25, 1864. 


ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FORTY-FIFTH 
INFANTRY. 
Company  B. 

Harper,  Wm.  H.,  e.  May  17,  1864;  m.  o.  Sept.  23, 1864. 

Company  E. 

Page,  Emanuel,  e.  May  2, 1864 ;  m.  o  Sept.  23, 1864. 

Company  I. 

Corp.  J.  W.  Brown,  e.  May  2,  1864;  m.  o.  Sept.  23,  1864, 
Chapman,  W.  A.,  e.  May  25,  1864;  m.  o.  Sept  23,  1864. 
Green,  W.  W.,  e.  May  3,  1864;  m.  o.  Sept.  23, 1864. 
Sparks,  W.  A.,  e.  May  26,  1864  ;  m.  o.  Sept.  23,  1864. 


ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FORTY- 
SIXTH  INFANTRY. 
Company  K. 

Clark,  John,  e.  Sept.  13,  1864;  m.  o.  July  8, 1864. 

ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-FIRST 
INFANTRY. 
Company  E. 

Bateman,  Albert,  e.  Feb.  10, 1865  ;  m.  o.  Jan.  24,  1866. 

ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY- 
SECOND  INFANTRY. 
Connpany  A. 

Alsup,  W.  T.,  e.  Jan.  30,  1865 ;    absent,  sick,  at  m.  o.  of 

regt. 
Gregory,  Thee,  e.  Jan.  30,  1865;  m.  o.  Sept.  11,  1865. 
Hall,  Joseph,  e.  Jan.  30, 1865;  m.  o.  Oct.  11,  1865. 
Ol8tone,0.,  e.  Feb.  6,  1865  ;  m.  o.  Sept.  11,1865. 

Connpany  C. 

Moore,  J.  C,  e.  Feb.  17,  1865  ;  m.  o.  Sept.  11,  1865. 
Wagoner,  J.  B.,  e.  Feb.  13,  1865;  m.  o.  Sept.  11,  1865. 

ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY- 
THIRD  INFANTRY. 
Company  E. 

Grostle,  Nicholas,  e.  Feb.  23, 1865  ;  trans,  to  Co.  E,  156th 
Inf;  absent,  sick,  at  m.  o.  of  regt. 


TWENTY-NINTH  COLORED 
INFANTRY. 
Company  A. 

Freeman,  Wm  ,  e.  Jan.  lil,  1865;  rect.;  m.  o.  Nov.  6,  1865. 
Fisher,  Amos,  e.  Jan.  12,  1865;  rect.;  m.  o.  Nov.  6,  1865. 

Company  D. 

Polk,  Richard,  e.  Jan.  21,  1865;  rect.;  m.  O.Nov.  6,  1865, 
Corp. 

Company  E. 

Voss,  Caswell,  e.  Feb.  4,  1865 ;  rect.;  deserted  July  12,  '65. 

Company  H. 

Doo,  Wm.,  e.  Jan.  23,  1865;  ni.  o.  Nov.  6,1865. 

Company  K. 

Corp.  Andrew  Sims,  e.  Feb.  24,  1865;  m.  o.  Nov.  6,  1865. 
Stipp,  Smith,  e.  Jan.  10,  1865;  unassigned  rect. 


486 


WAR  HISTORY  AND  RECORD. 


CAVALRY. 


FOURTH  CAVALRY. 

The  Fourth  Illinois  Cavalry  was  organized  in 
August,  1861,  with  rendezvous  at  Ottawa,  La 
Salle  f'o..  111.,  by  Col.  T.  Lyle  Dickey,  now  one 
of  the  .Justices  of  the  Supreme  Court.  It  had 
companies  from  Ogle,  Putnam,  La  Salle,  Ken- 
dall, Grundy,  Cook,  Vermilion,  Woodford, 
McLean,  Logan,  and  men  from  other  counties. 
Woodford  was  represented  by  Company  G, 
brought  into  service  and  commanded  all  through 
by  the  late  gallant  Capt.  Harry  D.  Cook,  of  that 
county.  There  was  no  better  company  in  the 
regiment  than  old  Company  G,  always  ready, 
both  officers  and  men,  when  duty  called,  to 
face  danger  and  denth. 

The  regiment  left  Ottawa  about  the  1st  of 
November,  1861,  and  marched  by  way  of  Peru 
and  Peoria  to  Springfield,  thence,  after  a  short 
stay  in  camp,  to  Vandalia,  where  it  was  shipped 
to  Cairo  by  cars,  arriving  in  Cairo  about  the 
10th  of  December  following. 

In  January,  1862,  it  took  part  in  what  was 
called  the  *'  Mud  Expedition  "  against  Colum- 
bus, Ky. 

In  February,  the  regiment  embarked  on 
transports  for  Donelson,  going  up  the  Tennes- 
see River,  landing  on  the  way  up  at  a  point 
between  Paducah  and  Fort  Henry,  and  marched 
up  to  Camp  Halleck,  just  below  Fort  Henry, 
and  was  in  at  the  capture  of  Fort  Henry  ;  took 
part  in  the  fight  and  capture  of  Donaldson, 
doing  good  service  ;  thence  to  Savannah  and 
Shiloh,  taking  an  active  part  in  that  memora- 
ble struggle,  ond  was  constantly  engaged  dur- 
ing the  siege  of  Corinth. 

After  the  fall  of  Corinth,  the  regiment  was 
employed  in  guarding  the  railroad  from  Co- 
lumbus, Ky.,  to  Corinth,  with  headquarters  at 
Jackson,  Tennessee. 

In  the  Fall  of  1862,  it  was  with  Grant  in  his 
move  down  the  Mississippi  Central  Railroad, 
constantly  engaged  from  Holly  Springs  to 
Water  Valley,  near  Coffeeville,  where  Col.  AVill- 
iam  McCullough,  then  in  command  of  the  regi- 
ment, fell  dead  from  his  horse.  He  was  ordered 
to  surrender,  but  the  old  hero,  looking  literally 
into  the  muzzles  of  a  dozen  rebel  muskets,  re- 
plied "  Never,  by  the  Eternal  !  "  and  instantly 
fell  a  sacrifice  on  his  country's  altar. 

Maj.  M  R.  M.  Wallace  then  took  command 
of  the  regiment,  and  on  Dec.  20,  1862,  started 
in  pursuit  of  Van  Dorn. 

January,  1863,  the  regiment  went  into  camp 
at  Collinsville,  Tenn.,  where  it  remained,  doing 
scouting  duty  in  Tennessee  and  Mississippi,  till 
September,  when  it  embarked  for  Vicksburg, 
here  camping  out  on  the  Big  Black,  and  taking 
part  in  many  dangerous  expeditions,  till  De- 
cember, when  it  removed  to  Natches,  Miss., 
where  it  remained,  always  doing  effective  ser- 
vice, till  November,  1864,  when  it  came  to 
Springfield,  111.,  and  was  mustered  out  on  Nov. 
4th  of  that  year. 

Many  of  the  men  whose  terms  of  service  had 


not  expired,  were   organized    into    companies 
and  spent  most  of  their  time  in  Texas. 

The  regiment,  taken  as  a  whole,  was  acknowl- 
edged to  be  a  magnificent  body  of  men,  and 
the  men  of  Woodford  were  not  a  whit  behind 
the  best.  Botii  this  regiment  and  the  country 
are  largely  indebted  to  old  Woodford  County. 


Maj.  H.  D.  Cook,  e.  Aug.  27,  1861,  aa  Cajit.  Co.  G;  prmtd. 
to  Maj.  Feb.  29,  1864  ;  m.  o.  Nov.  3,  1864. 

Company  E. 

Edwards,  David,  e.  Sept.  11,  1861;  re-e.  as  vet.  Jan.  5^ 
1864;  trans,  to  Co.  C.  as  consd.;  trana.  to  Go.  K,  Tith 
Cav.;  m.  o.  May  29,  1866,  as  Corp. 

Company  C. 

Capt.   E.   H.   Baker,  e.  March  1,  1S62,  as  Second  tieut. ; 

prmtd.  to  First  Lieut.  Sept.  3,  1862,  and  to  Capt.  Feb. 

29,  1864  ;  dismissed  Jan.  22,  1865. 
First   Lieut.  S.  W.  Ogden,  e.  Aug.  27, 1861 ;  resd.  March 

1,  1862. 
First  Lieut.  J.   T.  Harper,  e.  March  27, 1861,  as  Second 

Lieut.;  prmtd.  to  First  Lieut.  March  1,  1862;  resd. 

Sept.  3,  1862. 
First  Lieut.  Abram  Donica,  e.  as  Co.'s  Q.  M.  Sergt,  Sept.  5, 

1861 ;  prmtd.  to   Second   Lieut.  Sept.  3,  1862,  and  to 

First  Lieut.  Feb.  29,  1864  ;  trans,  to  Co.  G,  12th  Cav.; 

m.  o.  May  29,  1866. 
Sergt.  W.   S.   Addington,  e.  Sept.  5,  1861 ;  disd.  Aug.  5. 

1862. 
Sergt.  W.  R.  Bigham,  e.  Sept.  5, 1861;  m.  o.  Not.  3,  1864. 
Sergt.  C.  D.  Buttler,  e.  Sept.  15, 1861 ;  disd.  Nov.  21,  1862 ; 

disab. 
Corp.  Wm.  Ellis,  e.  Sept.  5,  1861 ;  m.  o.  Nov.  3,  1864,  as 

Sergt. 
Corp.  Geo.  Everett,  e.  Sept.  5,  1861 ;  m  o.  Nov.  3,  1864,  as 

Sergt. 
Corp.  W.  H.  Campbell,  e.  Sept.  5, 1861 ;  m.  o.  Nov.  3, 1864. 
Corp.   M.    Montgomery,   e.  Sept.  14,1861;  ni.  o.  Nov.  3, 

1864,  aa  Sergt. 
Bugler  B.  W.  Canady,e.  Sept.  5,  1861 ;  disd.  June  20,  1862. 
Blacksmith  G.  S.  Farnsworth,  e.  Sept.  14, 1861 ;  disd.  Aug. 

9,  1862.  disab. 
Buckley,  H.  T.,  e.  Sept.  24,  1861 ;  prmtd.  to  Sergt.  Maj. 
Brown,  W.  W.,  e.  Sept.  5, 1861 ;  disd.  Aug.  7,  1862. 
Carver,  Jno.,  e.  Sept.  5,  1861  ;  m.  o.  Nov.  3,  1864. 
Carr,  G.  W.,  e.  Sept.  5,  1861 ;  m.  o.  Nov.  3,  1864. 
Chapman,  Levi,  e.  Sept.  14,  1861 ;  m.  o.  Nov.  3,  1864. 
Cole,  D.  M.,  e,  Sept.  14,  1861 ;  m.  o.  Nov.  3,  1864. 
Cooper,  A.,  e.  Sept.  28,  1861  ;  m.  o.  Nov.  3,  1864. 
Dixon,  E.  H.,  e.  Sept.  5,  1861  ;  died  March  25,  1862. 
Elliott,    W.   B.,   e.   Sept.  5,   1861 ;    disd.  Aug.  7, 1862,  as 

Corp. 
Feltman,  J.,  e.  Sept.  5, 1861 ;  disd.  March  18,  1863,  disab. 
Goodrich.  B.,  e  Sept.  5,  1861  ;  m.  o.  Nov.  3,  1864,  as  Corp. 
Harris,  H.  N.,  e.  Sept.  5,  1861  ;  m.  o.  Nov.  3,  1864. 
Hawkins,  G.  K.,  e.  Sept.  5,  1861 ;  m.  o.  Nov.  3,  1864. 
Horner,  D.  J.,  e.  Sept.  5,  1861 ;  disd.  June  20, 1862,  disab. 
Horn,  Henry,  e.  Sept.  14,  1861 ;  m.  o.  Nov.  3,  1864. 
Hibbs,  W.,  e.  Sept.  14,  1861  ;  ra.  o.  Nov.  3,  1864,  as  Corp. 
Herr,  John,  e.  Sept.  19,  1861 ;  m.  o.  Nov.  3, 1864. 
Jones,  C.  W.,  e  Oct.  16,  1861  ;  m.  o.  Nov.  3,  1864,  as  Corp. 
Kingsbury,  N.  J.,   e.  Sept.  5, 1861  ;    detached   at  m.  o.  of 

regt. 
Marti,  Fred.,  e.  Sept.  5, 1861 ;  disd.  to  re-enlist. 
Maning,  B.,  e.  Sept.  5,  1861 ;  disd.  .\ug.  7,  1862. 
Montgomery,  F.,  e.  Sept.  5,  1861 ;  disd.  June  21),  1862. 
O'Hara,  Wm..  e.  Sept.  5,  1861 ;  m.  o.  Nov.  3,  1864. 
O'Brien,  Patrick,  e.  Sept.  5,  1861 ;  m.  o.  Nov.  3,  1864. 
Painter,  John,  e.  Sept.  5.  1861 ;  died  June  6,  1862. 
Robins,  H.,  e.  Sept.  5,  1861 ;  m.  o.  Nov.  3,  1864. 
S.altsnian,  S.  B.,  e.  Sept.  5,  1861  ;  disd.  Aug.  1,  1862. 
Skinner,  J.  W.,  e.  Sept.  24,  1861 ;  m.  o.  Nov.  3,  1864. 
Taylor,  J.  W.,  e.  Sept.  5,  1861  ;  died  March  26, 1862. 
Walbach,  D.,  e.  Sept.  5,  1861 ;  m.  o.  Nov.  3,  1864. 
Anderson,  J.  P.,  e.  Aug.  21,  1862,  rect.;    m.  o.  June  15,. 

1865. 
Everett,  S.  B.,  e.  Aug.  27,  1862,  rect.;  m.  o.  June  15, 1865. 
Franklin,  Geo.,  e.  Aug.  21,  1862,  rect.;  disd.  March  18, 

1863,  disab. 
Hitch,  S.  S.,  e.  Aug.  27,  1873,  rect.;  m.  o.  June  15,  1865. 
Hitch,  C.  J.,  e.  Aug.  27, 1863,  rect.;  m.  o.  June  15, 1865, aa 

Corp. 
Hibbs,  Amos,  e.  Aug.  21, 1862,  rect.;  m.  o.  June  15,  1865. 


WAR  HISTORY  AND  RECORD. 


487 


Montgomery,  A.  M.,  e.  Aug.  21,  1862,  rect.;  disd.  April  G, 

1863,  disab. 
Kamsey,  T.  W.,  e.  Aug.  21,  1862,  rect.;    disd.  April   13, 

1863,  disab. 
Ramsey,  S.  V.,  e.  Aug.  21,  1862,  rrct.;   died  Jan.  29,  1863. 
Smith,  Samuel,  e.  Aug.  27,  1862,  rect.;  m.  o.  June  15, 1865. 
Walston,  J.  Y.,  e.  Aug.  21, 1862,  rect.;  disd.  Nov.  4,  1862, 

disab. 

Company  H. 

Harvey,  D.  C,  e.  Aug.  27, 1862,  rect.;    died  Dec.  12, 1862. 


SECOND  CAVALRY. 
Company  F. 

Hockingberry,  H.,  e.  Sept.  27,  1864;  rect.;  m.  o.  June  11, 
1865. 

THIRD  CAVALRY. 
Company  B. 

Shockley,    Thos.,  e.   Aug.   13,  1861 ;  disd.  March  7, 1862, 
wds. 

Company  I. 

Corp.  E.  M.  Dixon,  e.  Aug.  10,  1801;  disd.  April  22,  1862. 
Dixon,  D.  M.,  e.  Sept.  23,  1861,  as  rect. ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Mar. 

10,  1864;  trans,  to   Co.  D,  as   consd.;  m.  o.   Oct.   10, 

1865,  as  Sergt. 


THIRD  CAVALRY. 

(Consolidated.) 

Company  C. 

Russell,  A.  E.,  e.  Jan.  27,  1865;  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1865. 

Company  D. 

Masters,  Jno.,  e.  Jan.  20,  1865 ;  m.  o.  Oct.  10,  1865. 

Company  H. 

Sergt.  Jno.  Cratman,  e.  Feb.  21,  1865,  m.  o.  Oct.  10, 1865. 
Simpson,  \Vm.,  e.  March  1,  1805;  m.  o.  Oct.   10,  1865. 
Wilson,  Felix,  e.  Feb.  21,  1865,  deserted  July  4,  1865. 
Gregory,  T.  B.,  e.  Feb.  21,  1865;  unassigned  rect. 
Keely,  Thos.,  e.  Jan.  17,  1865;  unassigned  rect. 
Mitchell,  F.,  e.  Feb.  10,  1865;  unassigned  rect. 
Eitter,   Aaron,  e.   March  1,1865;  died  at  Camp  Butler 

March  28,  1865. 
Sneed,  Jas.,  e.  Jan.  27,  1865 ;  unassigned  rect. 
Welch,  Chas.,  e.  Jan.  17,  1865  ;  unassigned  rect. 


FIFTH  CAVALRY. 
Company  I. 

Roberts,  John,  e.  April  28,  1863,  rect.;  died  at  Vicksburg 
Aug.  29,  1864. 


SIXTH  CAVALRY. 

First  Asst.  Surgeon  James  S.  Whitmire,  e.  Oct.  13,  1861 ; 
pro.  to  5Cth  Inf. 

Company  A. 

Carey,  Richard,  e.  Feb.  21,  1805  ;  m.  o.  Nov.  5,  1865. 
Paschal,  W.  H.,  e.  March  6,  1865;  m.  o.  Nov.  5,  1865. 

Company  D. 

Peeler,  H.  M.,  e.  Feb.  28,  1S65,  rect.;  m.  o.  Nov.  5, 1865. 

Company  G. 

Boren,  I.  0.,  e.  Feb.  9,  1805,  rect.;  m.  o.  Nov.  5,  1865. 
Billard,  John,  e.  Feb.  9,  1805,  rect.;  m.  o.  Nov.  5,  1865. 
Henson,  Jas.,  e.  Feb.  9,  1865,  rect.;  m.  o.  Nov.  5,  1865. 


Company  I. 

Davis,  W.  T.,  e.  Jan.  27,  1865,  rect.;  m.  o.  Nov.  5.  1865. 
McCullum,  v.,  e.  Jan.  27,  1865;  m.  o.  Nov.  5,  1865. 
Anderson,  Jas.,  e.  March  27, 1865;  unacsigned  rect. 
Croon,  Wm.,  e.  March  27,  1865  ;  unassigned  rect. 
Henson,  J.  E.,  e.  March  27,  1865;  unassigned  rect. 
Henson,  I.  R.,  e.  March  27,  1865 ;  unassigned  rect. 
Morris,  Jos.,  e.  Jan.  19,  1865  ;  unassigned  rect. 
Mealy,  C,  e.  Jan.  19,  1865  ;   unassigned  rect.;   m.  o.  Mav 
11,  1865. 

SEVENTH   CAVALRY. 
Company  F. 

Capt.  A.  W.  McDonald,  e.  a.s  First  Sergt.  Aug.  16,  1861; 

prmtd.   to   Capt.  June  29,  1862;    to  Major  June  22, 

1803  ;  m.  o.  Nov.  4, 1865. 
First  Lieut.  Charles  Lee,  e.  Aug.  15,  1861;    died  Oct.  12 

1803. 
Dowd,  Patrick,  e.  Aug.  16, 1861 ;  kid.  Dec.  26, 1863. 
Davis,  John,  e.  Aug.  16,  1861 ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Feb.  10,  1864; 

m.  o.  Nov.  4,  1865. 
Fonier,  P.,  e.  Aug.  16,  1861  ;    re-e.  as  vet.  Feb.  10, 1864 ; 

deserted  May  22, 1864. 
Wren,  G.  B.,  e.  Aug.  16,  1861 ;  died  Dec.  20, 1861. 

Company  L. 

Campbell,  C.  L.,  e.  Jan.  18,  1865 ;  m.  o.  Nov.  4,  1865. 
Roblin,  C.  D.,  e.  March  18,  1865  ;  disd.  Oct.  6,  1865. 
Shields,  Jas.,  e.  Jan.  18,  1865 ;  m.  o.  Nov.  4,  1865. 
Stockman,  M.,  e.  March  27,  1865 ;  unassigned  rect. 

EIGHTH  CAVALRY. 
Company  A. 

Rawson,  W.,  e.  Oct.  21,  1864,  rect.;  m.  o.  July  17,  1865. 

Company  K. 

Greenwood,  H.,  e.  Sept.  4,  1862 ;  disd.  Jan.  30,  1863,  disab. 
Laird,  Thos.,  e.  Oct.  18,  1862;  unassigned  rect. 
Warren,  Geo.,  e.  Oct.  18,  1802  ;  unassigned  rect. 
W^ right,  Geo.,  e.  Jan.  4, 1865 ;  una-ssigned  rect. 

NINTH  CAVALRY. 
Company  I. 

McGrath,  John,  e.  Jan.  21,  1865  ;  m.  o.  Oct.  31,  1865. 

ELEVENTH  CAVALRY. 

Commissary  J.  C.  Brewer,  e.   Nov.  16,   1864  ;  m.  o.   Sept. 
30,  1865. 

Company  A. 

Greoter,  G.  M.,  e.  Nov.  6,  1861  ;  disd.  Oct.,  1862. 
Munzenmeyer,  Paul.  e.  Sept.  25,  1801 ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Dec. 

20,  1863;  m.  o.  Sept.  30,  1805,  as  Corp. 
Rufer,  John,  e.  Nov.  28,  1861 ;  m.  o.  Dec.   20,  1864 ;  term 

expired. 
Strjtt,   John,  e.   Nov.  26,  1861 ;  rect.;  disd.  July  26,  1862 ; 

disab. 

Company  C. 

Flanigan,  Lewis,  e.  April  22,  1864;  rect.;  trana.  to  Co.  E  ; 
m.  o.  Sept.  30,  1865. 

Company  D. 

Kanable,  Francis,   e.   July  7,  1804  ;  rect.;  m.   o.  Sept.  30, 
1865. 

Company  E. 

Fifield,  Wm.   E.,  e.  Jan.  30,  1862;  re-e.  Jan.  30,   1864; 

died  at  Memphis,  May  24,  1865. 
Lock,  Wm.,  e.  Jan.  24,  1804;  rect.;  m.  o.  Sept.  30,  1865. 
Parrish,  J.  W.,  e.  Jan.  18,  1805. 
West,   Wm.,   e.   Feb.  4,   1802;  rect;  re-e.  as  vet.  Feb.  4 

1864;  m.  o.  Sept.  30,  1865. 

Company  F. 

Crumbaker,  James,  e.  Feb.  3,  1865,  as  rect.;  m.  o.  Sept.  30, 

1865. 
Welsh,  John,  e.  Jan.  30,  1865,  as  rect.;  m.  o.  Sept.  30,  1805. 


488 


WAR  HISTORY  AND  RECORD. 


Company  C. 

Kobinson,  J.  M.,  e.  Nov.  '26,  1861;  re-e.  as  vet.  Dec.  20, 
1863;  m.  o.  July  14.  isi;."),  us  Corp. 

Company  H. 

Dustin,  Silas,  e.  Jan.  18,  1805;  rect.;  m.  o.  Sept.  30, 1865. 

Company  I. 

Gardner,  Geo.,  e.   Feb.  4,  IwOn,  as  a  rect.;  trans,  to  5th 
111.  Cavalry. 

Company   K. 

Roberts,  Wm.,  e.  Jan.  19, 1S65;  rect. 

'.Company  L. 

Cunningham,  John,  e.  March  3.  1865;  m.  o.  Sept.  30,  1865. 
Grisham,  C.  C,  e.  Feb.  21, 1865  ;  m.  o.  Sept.  30,  1865. 
Padgett,  J.  E.,  e.  March  3.  1865  ;  m.  o.  Sept.  30,  1865. 
Slade,  T.  J.,  e.  Feb.  21,  1865  ;  ni.  o.  Sept.  30,  1865. 

Company  M. 

Q.  M.  Sergt.  D.  C.  Baker,  e.  Oct.  11,  1861. 

Carmichael,  M.,  e.  Nov.  9,1861 ;  re-e.  as  vet.  Dec.  20,1863; 

m.  o.  Sept.  30,  1865,  as  Sergt. 
Polk,  Wm.  P.,  e.  Nov.  18.  1861 ;  disd.  Oct.,  1862  ;  disab. 
Bramhart,  Emanuel,  e.  Jan.  5,  1865  ;  rect.;  m.  o.  Sept.  30, 

1865. 
Weaver,  Calvin,  e.  Oct.  17, 1861 ;  rect.;  disd.  Nov.  5, 1861 ; 

disab. 
Waggoner,  John,  Jr.,  e.  Jan.  5,  1865;  rect;  died  Aug.  24, 

1865. 
Weaver,  John,  e.  Oct.  7,  1861 ;  rect.;  disd.  Nov.  1,  1861; 

disab. 
Weaver,  Weslev,  e.  Oct.  7,  1861  ;  disd.  Feb.  20,  1862. 
Wittstruck,  Chas.,  e.  Dec.  7.  1861;  died  Dec.  20,  1864. 
Seward,  Isaac,  e.  Jan.  17,  1865  ;  rect.;  m.  o.  Sept.  30,  1865. 


TWELFTH  CAVALRY. 
Company  E. 

Crawford,  Thos.,  e.   Aug.   16,   1862;    rect.;  trans.;  m.  o. 

June  16,  1865. 
Ci^awfurd.  Wm  ,  e.  Aug.  16, 1862 ;  rect.;  trans.;  m.  o.  June 

16,  1865. 
Davis,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  6,  1862;  rect..;  trans.;  m.  o.  June  16, 

1805. 
Martin,  W.  H.,  e.  Aug.  16,  1862;  disd.;  disab. 
Randall,  R.  K.,  e.  Dec.  28, 1863  ;  unassigned  rect. 


THIRTEENTH    CAVALRY. 

Q.  M.  Sergt.  S.  A.  Huntoon,  e.  Nov.  25,  1862  ;  m.  o.  July 
31, 1865. 

Company  B. 

Franklin,  Alonzo,  e.  Jan.  20, 1864;  m.  o.  July  31, 1865. 

Company  C. 

Sergt.  W.  R.  Huntoon,  e  Sept.  18,  1S62;  prmtd.  to  Second 
Lieut.  Co.  B  Oct.  8,  1803  ;  m.  o.  July  31,  1865. 

Corp.  F.  H.  Lockwood,  e.  Oct.  13,  1862;  m.  o.  July  31, 
1865,  as  Sergt. 

Anuett,  Elijah,  e  Sept.  28,  1862;  died  Sept.  8,  1864. 

Caleb.  J.  R.,  e.  Sept.  25.  1862;  died  Feb.  16,  1863. 

Dick,  Morgan,  e.  Sept.  18.  1SH2;  m.  o.  June  16,  1S65. 

Iluiitoon.  S.,  e.  Nov.  25, 1862  ;  prmtd.  Regt.  Q.  'SI.  Sergt. 

Mi'ldlcton,  Jos.,e.  Nov.  14, 1865  ;  disii.  June  8, 1865  ;  disab. 

Mohr,  J.  F.,  e,  Sept.  23.  1862;  ni.  o.  July  31,  1865. 

Parkf,  Martin,  e.  Oct.  S.  1802  ;  disd.  June  20,  1863 ;  disab. 

Ransom,  J.  F.,  e.  Sept.  IS,  1862;  m.  o.  July  31,  1865. 

Sample,  Wni.,  e.  Oct.  4, 1862;  trans,  to  V.  R.  C.  June  2, 
1865. 

Sample,  Theo.,  e.  Oct.  4, 1862 ;  m.  o.  July  12,  1865. 

Spreves,  John,  e.  Dec.  12, 1862 ;  m.  o.  July  31, 1865. 
Schwocks,  Aug.,  e.  Nov.  21,  1862  ;  m.  o.  July  31,  1865. 
Stout,  Lewis,  e.  Oct.  13,  1862;  under  arrest  at  m.  o.  of 
regt. 

Company  E. 

Swain,  J.  P.,  e.  Jan.  12,1863  ;  trans,  to  Co.  C;  absent,  sick 
at  m.  o.  of  Regt. 


ARTILLERY. 


FIRST  ARTILLERY. 
Battery  C 

Smillie,  Chas.,  e.  Feb.  In,  1865;  rect.;  m.  o.  July  24,  1865, 
Stoll,  Nicholas,  e.  Feb.  15, 1865;  rect.;  m.  o.  July  24, 1865. 

Battery  H. 

Dixon,  Manville,  e.  March  3, 1802;  rect.;  died  March  9,  '64. 
John,  H.  L.,  e.  March  3, 1862 ;  rect.;  deserted  March  30, 

1862. 
Patterson  Robt.,  e.  March  3, 1862 ;  deserted  March  12,  '62. 

SECOND  ARTILLERY. 
Battery  A. 

Kendrick,  D.  F.,  e.  Feb.  29,  1864;    disd.   June  9,  1865; 

disab. 

Battery  F. 

Johnson,  S.  J.,  e.  Jan.  3,  1865 ;  m.  o.  July  27,  1865. 

SPRINGFIELD  LIGHT  ARTIL- 
LERY. 

Clay,  Jas.,  e.  Aug.  5, 1862 ;  disd.  Aug.  7,  1863 ;  disab. 

Coggswell  Battery. 

AUingham,  M.,  e.  Nov.  2U,  1861 ;  re-e.  as  vet  ;  m.  o.  June 

5,  1865. 
Wallace,  Oliver,  e.  Dec.  2, 1801  ;  m.  o.  Dec.  3, 1864;  term 

expired. 
Clegg,  Thos.,  e.  Feb.  17, 1862;  re-e.  as  vet.  Sept.  17, 1864; 

m.  o.  June  5,  1865. 


U.  S   COLORED  RECRUITS. 


EIGHTH   COLORED   U.   S.   ARTIL- 
LERY. 

Andrew,  Jas  ,  e.  Jan.  30, 18(>5. 
Brown,  Jessie,  e.  Jan.  26,  1865. 
Brown,  Jno.,  e.  Jan.  26,  1865. 
Gray,  Peter,  e.  Jan.  bO,  1865. 
Jackson,  Jas.,  e.  Jan.  26,  1865. 
Lathram,  Robt.,  e.  Jan.  26, 1865. 
Lindsev,  Jno  ,  e.  Jan.  3(i,  1865. 
Rush,  Peter,  e.  Jan.  26,  186.5. 
Wilson,  Andy,  e.  Jan.  20,  1865. 
■Wilson,  Jas.,  e.  Jan  25,  1865. 
Weir,  Ned,  e.  Jan.  26,  1805 
Warren,  R.,  e.  Jan.  28,  1805. 

SIXTY-FIRST  COLORED  ARTIL- 
LERY. 

Randall,  Bygun,  e.  March  2,  1865. 

FIRST  ARMY  CORPS. 
Company  No.  3. 

Fogle,  Jno.,  e.  Feb.  24,  1865  ;  m.  o.  Feb.  24, 1866. 
Lenard,  A  ,  e.  Feb.  24,  1805  ;  m.  o.  Feb.  24,  1866. 
Rivers,  J  ,  e.  Feb.  18,  1S65;  m.  o.  Feb.  18,  1866. 
Reese,  H.  B.,  e.  Feb.  24,  1805. 

Thompson,  A.,  e.  Feb.  21,  1805;  m.  o.  Feb.  21   1806. 
Thompson.  W.  J.,  e.  Feb.  24,  1865  ;  m.  o.  Feb.  24,  1866. 
Waldo,  M.  A.,  e.  Fob.  24, 1865;  m.  o.  Feb.  24, 1866. 

Company  No.  8. 

Walke,  S.  J.,  e.  March  29, 1865;  m.  o.  March  26,  1866. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    DIRECTORY. 


A.BBRET^I^TION'S. 


Adv Adventlst 

agt agent 

Bapt Baptist 

bkpr bookkeeper 

bwr brewer 

brklayr bricklayer 

carp carpenter 

Cath CathoHc 

elk clerk 

Ch Church 

Co Company  or  County 

com.  mer commission  merchant 

Cong Congregational 

Dem Democrat 

dlr dealer 

dgat druggist 

Episcopal Episcopal 

Evang Evangelist 

Ind Independent 

I.  V.  I Illinois  Volunteer  Infantry 

I.  V.  C Illinois  Volunteer  Cavalry 

I.  V.  A Illinois  Volunteer  Artillery 

far farmer 


Wry foundry 

gro grocer 

lab.. laborer 

Meth Methodist 

mfr manufacturer 

mach machinist 

n>kr maker 

mech mechanio 

mer merchant 

min minister 

phot photographer 

phys physician 

Presb Presbyterian 

Pr printer 

ptr painter 

prop propri'-tor 

Rep Republican 

Rev Reverend 

sec section  or  secretary 

slsmn salesman 

Spir Spiritualist 

supt superintendent 

treaa treasurer 


METAMORA    TOWNSHIP. 


ANDREWS,  C,  farmer;  P.  0.  Meta- 
mora. 
Alt,  Nicholas,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Ainsworth,  Wm.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Amsler,  John,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Avery,  E.  J.,  livery;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Abersall  Juo.,  grocery  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Alt,  Christian,  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
•  ROWN,  S.  R.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Meta- 


B' 


mora. 


Baird,   Thos.,   farmer ;    P.  0.   Metamora. 
BOHLA.NTER,  BARNHART, 

farmer;  Sec.  (J ;  P.  0.  Metamora;  was 
born  in  Cazenovia  Tp.,  Woodford  Co., 
Dec.  20,  1850 ;  he  is  son  of  Barnhart 
and  Mary  E.  Bohlanter,  who  came  from 
Germany  and  settled  in  Peoria  Co.,  and 
removed  to  Woodford  Co.,  over  thirty 
years  ago ;  he  was  married  in  Dec, 
1872,  to  Miss  Nancy  Schwartz,  of  Worth 
Tp.,  who  was  born  in  Wisconsin  in  1854; 
they  have  two  children — Daniel  S.  and 
Louisa  ;  he  owns  a  farm  of  50  acres, 
valued  at  $1,500. 


Barnes,  Willis,  laborer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Bride,  Francis,  laborer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

BAILEY,  S.  O.,  black  and  white- 
smith ;  was  born  in  Kent  Co.,  R.  L, 
April  8,  1824;  at  the  age  of  six  years 
he  entered  a  cotton  factory,  where  he 
worked  until  he  was  fourteen  years  old, 
when  he  left  home  and  went  to  sea  ;  re- 
turning at  the  end  of  four  years,  he  be- 
gan work  at  the  blacksmith's  trade  in 
Providence,  R.  I.,  and  a  year  and  a  half 
later  went  to  Falls  River,  Mass.,  and 
worked  at  ship  ironing  and  boiler 
making  for  some  three  years  ;  from  that 
time  until  1856,  he  was  engaged  in  the 
different  branches  of  the  machinist 
business  in  various  Eastern  cities ;  he 
then  removed  to  Luzerne  Co.,  Pa.,  where 
he  resided  four  years ;  while  here  he 
was  elected  Burgess  of  Abington ;  he 
came  to  Metamora  in  18G0  and  engaged 
in  carpentering  and  building,  which  he 
continued  about  a  year  and  then  opened 
his  present  business;  in   18GG,  he  wasi 


490 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFOBD  COUNTY; 


emploj-ed  as  foreman  in  the  sinking  of 
Perry's  coal  shaft  in  Worth  Tp. ;  he 
was  married  Oct.  30,  1847,  to  Miss 
Mary  A.  Phillips,  of  his  native  county, 
■who  was  born  Jan.  5,  1824;  they  have 
two  children  living — Byron  W.  and 
Lucy  A.  E.,  now  Mrs.  Geo.  W.  Weber, 
of  Minonk. 

Brown,  Palmer,  laborer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Barton,  Lester  B.,  lab.;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Baehnian.  Jos.,  laborer,  P.  0.  Metamora. 

BOYS,  ISAAC,  farmer  ard  stock 
raiser ;  Sec.  4  ;  P.  0.  Cazenovia ;  was 
born  in  Metamora  Township,  on  the  old 
homestead,  which  he  now  occupies,  April 
7,  1840.  His  father,  James  Boys,  was 
one  of  the  earliest  settlers  of  Woodford 
Co.,  settling  on  the  farm  now  owned  by 
his  son,  in  1834;  his  father  died  July 
24,  1856,  and  his  mother  Feb.  13,  1855  ; 
Mr.  Bojs  was  married  Dec.  3,  18(i3,  to 
Miss  Mary  E.  Heacock  of  Wapello  Co., 
Iowa.  They  had  two  children — James 
and  John.  His  wife  died  Oct.  31,  1870  ; 
lie  was  married  again  Feb.  27,  1873,  to 
Miss  Rebecca  J.  Hamilton,  of  Woodford 
Co.  Mr.  Boys  owns  a  farm  of  509 
acres,  valued  at  S30,000.  He  makes  a 
specialty  of  fine  blooded  stock,  keeping 
nearly  a  hundred  short-horn  cattle,  and 
turning  off  about  a  hundred  hogs  yearly. 

Bruderlin,  N.,  fanner;   P.  0.  Metomora. 

Bradv,  Clark,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

brown;  W,  p.,  attorney  at  law  and 
farmer;  was  born  in  Otsego  Co.,  N.  Y., 
April  3,  1812  ;  his  father  died  when  he 
was  a  child,  leaving  him  but  a  limited 
patrimony ;  he  received  an  academic 
education  at  Bridge  water,  N.  Y.,  and  at 
the  age  of  19  years  began  the  study  of 
law,  and  came  to  Illinois  in  1833  ;  he 
Was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Jacksonville 
the  same  year,  and  settled  in  Blooming- 
ton  and  began  to  practice  law.  He 
served  several  terms  as  Justice  of  the 
Peace  and  Probate  Judge,  and  was  Post- 
master at  Bloomington  about  seven  years. 
He  settled  in  Metamora  in  1842,  and 
was  elected  County  Judge,  serving  four 
years.  In  1871,  he  removed  to  Kansas; 
resided  there  five  years,  and  returned  to 
Metamora  ;  served  one  3'ear  in  the  Kan- 
sas Legi-slature.  He  was  married  in 
1838  to  Miss  Hannah  C.  Barney,  of 
McLean  Co.,  who  was  born  in  Penijs}^- 
vaoia  May  3.  1813.    They  have  six  chil- 


dren living — Helen  M.,  Josephine,  Pal- 
mer, Ada,  J.  K.  and  Lacey. 

Bartlett,  C.  E.,  lumb.  and  grain ;     P.  0. 
Metamora. 

Bennett,  Geo.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Barney,  W.  W.,  miller  ;    P.  0.  Metamora. 

B  ASSETT,  F.  M.,  County  Clerk  ;  P.O. 
Metamora ;  was  born  in  Chenango  Co..  N. 
Y.,Feb.4, 1838.  In  1852,  his  parents  re- 
moved to  Woodford  Co.,  settling  at  Meta- 
mora. In  May,1861,  he  entered  the  Union 
Army  as  a  member  of  Co.  G,  17th  111. 
A'^ols.,  and  was  mustered  out  with  his 
regiment  in  May,  1864.  He  was  then 
employed  as  clerk  in  the  Quartermaster's 
Department  of  the  Cavalry  Bureau,  De- 
partment of  the  Mississippi,  and  sta- 
tioned at  Memphis,  Tenn.  On  his  re- 
turn in  1865,  he  was  employed  in  the 
offices  of  the  Circuit  and  County 
Clerks  of  W^oodford  Co.,  and  in  June, 
1868,  was  appointed  Deputy  Circuit 
Clerk,  serving  until  Dec,  1872,  when  he 
was  appointed  Deputy  County  Clerk. 
He  held  the  office  one  year,  and  was  then 
appointed  Deputy  County  Treasurer, 
which  office  he  held  until  he  was 
elected  County  Clerk  in  1877.  He  was 
married  March  2,  1869,  to  Miss  Mary 
E.  Winger,  who  was  born  in  Clarion 
Co.,  Penn.  They  have  two  children 
living — May  A.  and  Edgar. 

Barnes,  Elizabeth,  milliner}- ;  P.  0.  Meta- 
mora. 

Baker,  Nicholas,  retired ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Baker,  X.  P.,  Deputy    Circuit    Clerk  ;  P. 
0.  Metamora. 

BRIGGS,  F.  F.,  undertaker;  was 
born  in  Berkshire  Co.,  Mass.,  Feb.  21, 
1825.  He  was  raised  ou  the  farm  un- 
til he  was  17  years  old.  When  he 
was  quite  young,  his  father  removed  to 
Cayuga  Co.  X.  Y.,  and  afterward  to 
Chautauqua  Co.  At  about  19  years  of 
age  he  went  to  Brown  Co.,  Ohio,  fin 
ished  his  trade  of  a  cabinet  maker,  and 
opened  a  shop  in  Georgetown ;  came  to 
Metamora  in  1851,  and  followed  carpen- 
tering and  farming  for  a  while,  and  in 
1855,  opened  his  present  business.  He 
was  married  Dec.  2,  1847,  to  Clarissa 
Stitt,  daughter  of  J.  K.  Stitt,  of  George- 
town, Ohio  ;  she  was  born  in  that  town 
Jan.  22, 1830.  They  had  seven  chil- 
dren, six  of  whom  are  living — Han-iet 
E.,  Alice  E.,  Mary  A...  Joseph  F.,  Will- 


METAMORA   TOWNSHIP. 


493 


iam  K.  and  Edwin  C. ;  one  daughter, 
Kittie,  died  in  1870.  His  wife  died 
April  11,  1872.  He  was  married  July 
30,  1874,  to  Miss  Elizabeth  A.  Comp- 
ton,  wliowas  born  in  Kentucky  July  12, 
1838.  They  have  one  child— Nellie. 
Mr.  Brig-gs  served  in  the  late  war  in  the 
108th  111.  Vols.,  and  was  elected  First 
Lieutenant  of  Co.  E. 

Bloutz,  Michael,  lab.  ;  P.  O.  Metamora. 

Bollo,  Fred,  laborer,  P.  0.  Metamora 

Bullock,  Louis  H..  sheriff,  P.O.  Metamora. 

BOSWORTH,  JOS.  P.,  proprietor 
Bosworth  House  ;  P.  O.  Metamora  ;  was 
born  in  Bradford  Co.  Pa.,  Nov.  25,  1803. 
He  was  raised  a  farmer;  married  Nov.  12, 
1826,  to  Miss  Bertha  Barns,  who  was 
born  in  Plymouth,  Conn.,  Sept.  18, 
1791).  They  had  eisht  children,  the 
following  of  whom  are  living — -('atherine, 
Angeliue,  Mills  H.,  Alphonzo,  Mary  E. 
and  Dwight.  In  1842,  he  removed  to 
the  State  of  New  York,  and  four  years 
later  to  Erie  Co.,  Pa.,  where  he  engaged 
in  the  hotel  business  and  farming. 
Here  he  resided  until  1858,  when  he 
removed  to  Wright  Co.,  Minn.,  and 
engaged  in  farming.  His  wife  died 
here  Jan.  9,  1869.  In  J  872,  he  went 
to  Blue  Earth  Co.,  Minn.,  remaining 
there  until  his  removal  to  Metamora,  in 
Jan.,  1876.  He  was  married  Nov.  26, 
1875,  to  Mrs.  Dorcas  N.  Davis,  who 
was  born  in  Oxford  Co.,  Maine,  Feb. 
14,  1829.  Her  maiden  name  was 
Kneeland.  She  has  three  children — 
Ruth  L.,  Samuel  S.,  and  Warren  F. 

Berry,  Ursula,  P.  0.  Metamora. 

BANTA,  MRS.  RACHEL   B., 

Sec.  19  ;  P.  O.  Metamora  ;  was  born 
in  Mercer  Co.,  Ky.,  Dec.  22,  1815.  On 
the  16th  of  Oct.,  1833,  at  the  age  of  18 
years,  she  was  married  to  the  late  Al- 
bert J.  Banta,  and  the  same  month  left 
with  him  for  Holland's  Grove,  now 
Washington,  Tazewell  Co.,  111.  Mr. 
Banta  was  born  in  Mercer  Co.,  Ky., 
Sept.  15,  1800.  They  remained  at  Hol- 
land's Grove  until  Aug..  1834, when  they 
settled  on  their  present  home.  Mr. 
Banta  died  in  1850.  Mrs.  B.  has  three 
children — William  V.,  David  O.,  and 
Cynthia  M. 

Banta,  Geo.  W.,  laborer,  Metamora. 

BANTA,  CD.,  farmer;  Sec.  17  ;  P. 
O.  Metamora  ;  was  born  in  Mercer  Co., 


Ky.,  July  3,  1809  ;    he  was  raised  on 
the  farm,  until  about  the  age  of  nineteen 
years,  when   he  learned  the  trade  of  a 
wagon  maker;  in   1832,  he  came,  with 
his  father's  family,  to  Holland's  Grove, 
Tazewell     Co..    now    Washington ;     in 
Aug.,   1833,    he    came    to    his   present 
home  near  Metamora,  and  entered  160 
acres  of  land  from   the  Government,  to 
which  he  has  added  from  time  to  time 
until   he   now  owns    243    acres    in    his 
home  farm,  valued  at  $65  an  acre.     He 
was  married  in  1839,  to  Miss  Elizabeth 
Stine,  of  Worth  Township,  who  died  in 
1859  ;  they  had  five  children,  three  of 
whom  are  living — George,  Chas.  D.  and 
Cornelius  J.      He  was    married   again 
Aug.    23,     1860,     to     Mrs.     Elizabeth 
Johnson,     whose     maiden     name     was 
StraAvser ;  they  have  four  children  liv- 
ing— Abraham  L..  John  L.,  Frank   D. 
and  Archie  D. 
Burkman.  Peter,  laborer  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
BURKY,     CHRISTIAN,     thrmer 
and  stock  raiser;  Sec.  15;   P.  0.  Meta- 
mora ;  was  born  in   Bavaria,  Germany, 
Sept.  4,  1819  ;  he  was  raised  a  farmer, 
and  came  to  this  country  in  1842,  land- 
ing at  New  Orleans,  and  proceeding  up 
the  Mississippi  and    Illinois   Rivers    to 
Peoria,  where  he  remained  a  couple  of 
weeks    and    then     came    to    Woodford 
County  ;  at  the  end  of  one  year,  however, 
he  removed  to  Tazawell  County,  and  re- 
sided there  until  1875,  when  he  returned 
to  Woodford  County.     He  was  married 
in  Germany,  in   1839,  to    Miss    Mary 
Stalter,   who  was  born  in    Bavaria,    in 
18il  ;     they   have    eleven    children — 
Mary,  Joseph,  Christian,  Phebe,  Valen- 
tine, Elizabeth,   Henry,  Katie,   Fannie, 
John  and  Barbara.     He  owns  80  acres 
of  land,  valued  at  $4,800. 
Bidtner,  Fred.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washington. 
BARTON,   T.    S.,  JR.,   farmer    and 
stock  raiser  ;   Sec.  11  ;   P.  0.  Metomora  ; 
was  l)orn  in  Tennessee  March  1,  1826  ; 
when   he  was  about  a  year  and  a  half 
old,  his  father,   T.   S.   Barton,  Sr.,  re- 
moved to    Jacksonville,    111.;     residing 
there    until    1843,    when    he    came    to 
Woodford  County  ;  he  died  in  March, 
1874.     Mr.   Barton  was  married  Sept. 
5,   1865,  to    Miss    Elmira  M.   Dutton, 
Avho  was  born  in  Stowe,  Vermont,  Jan. 
18,  1838  ;  they  have  four  children  liv- 

1 


494 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY; 


ing- — Clara  L.,  Susan  A.,  Lucia  B.  and 
Emcline.  iNIr.  Barton  owns  130  acres 
of  land,  valued  at  S7.500. 

Brown  H.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washington. 

/^RESS.     BENJ.     K.,      far.;    P.    0. 

\_J      Wshington. 

Conrard.  H.,  mer.  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

CORPE,  EDGAR  S.,  farmer;  P. 
(J.  Metamora  ;  was  born  in  Elkhart  Co., 
Ind.,  Nov.  29,  1840.  On  the  17th  day 
of  April,  1861  he  enlisted  in  Co.  "  I," 
9th  Ind.  Vols.,  for  three  months,  and 
at  the  expiration  of  that  time  he  re-in- 
listed  for  three  years  in  the  88th  Ind. 
Vols.,  ard  served  until  November, 
1864.  He  took  part  in  five  battles,  be- 
sides skirmishes,  the  principal  ones 
being  Green  Mountain,  West  Virginia, 
Perryville,  Ky..  Stone  River,  Tenn.,  and 
Little  Rock,  Ark.  On  his  return  in 
1864,  he  came  to  Metamora  and  was 
married  April  14,  1867,  to  Miss  Mary 
A.  Nesmith,  daughter  of  C.  A.  Nes- 
mith,  of  Metamora  Tp.  ;  she  was  born 
in  Medina  Co.,  Ohio,  May  12,  1839. 
They  have  four  children — Cyrus  F. 
Charles  P.,  Harry    W.,  and    Jennie  B. 

Corpe,  E.  S.,  flxr. ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Cheedle.    M.   M.,  far. ;  P.   0.    Metemora. 

CAMP,  CHRISTIAN,  farmer; 
Sec.  21  ;  P.  0.  Metamora  ;  is  a  native 
of  Woodford  Co.,  having  been  born  in 
Spring  Bay  Tp.,  Oct.  29,  1836.  His 
father,  Joseph  Camp,  came  from  France 
and  was  one  of  the  earliest  settlers  of 
the  county.  Mr.  Camp  was  married 
Feb.  19,  1860,  to  Miss  Lana  Smith, 
who  was  born  in  Partridge  Tp.,  May 
21,  1839 ;  they  have  seven  children 
living — Katie  L.,  Lana  M.,  Joseph  E., 
Christian  W.,  Peter  B.,  John  J.  and 
Samuel  D.  He  settled  on  his  present 
farm  about  thirteen  years  ago,  and 
owns  160  acres  of  land  valued  at 
$12,000. 

Chapman,  John,  far. ;  P.  0.  Metemora. 

Camp,  Jos.,  firmer  ;   P.  0.  Metemora. 

COFFMAN,    WILLIAM,  farm 

er  and  stock  raiser ;  Sec.  1  ;  P.  O. 
Cazenovia  ;  was  born  in  Champaign  Co., 
Ohio,  Aug.  3,  1840.  When  he  was 
about  15  years  old,  he  came  to  Wood- 
ford Co.  with  his  mother  and  one  sister  ; 
he  was  married  Sept.  14,  1868,  to  Mrs. 
Mary  Evans,  daughter  of  Justice  W. 
Stewart,  who  came  to  Illinois  from  Ohio 


about  the  time  of  the  Black  Hawk 
war  and  settled  in  what  is  now  La  Salle 
Co.  and  came  to  Woodford  Co.  in  1845 
and  died  in  1864.  Mrs.  Coffman  was 
born  in  La  Salle  Co.,  Nov.  29,  1843. 
They  have  two  children — Mamie  and 
Nellie  R.  Mrs.  Coffman  has  also  one 
child,  Willie  Evans,  a  son  of  her  former 
husband.  Mr..  Coffman  entered  the 
Union  army  in  August,  1862,  as  a 
member  of  Co.  "  G,"  95th  Ohio  Volun- 
teers, serving  three  years  and  participa- 
ting in  some  fifteen  battles,  besides 
skirmishes,  among  them  the  siege  of 
Vicksburg,  siege  of  Jackson,  Miss., 
Nashville,  Tenn.,  Spanish  Fort,  etc.  He 
was  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Rich- 
mond, Ky.,  Aug.  30,  1862. 

Carpenter,  Sarah,  boarding  house  ;  P.  0. 
Metamora. 

Causey,  Thos.  A.,  blacksmith ;  P.  0. 
Metamora. 

CHITTY,  CHAS.  H.,  of  the  firm 
of  Chitty,  Cassell  &  Gibson,  attorneys 
at  law;  was  born  in  Madison  Co.,  Ky., 
Sept.  15,  1822  ;  when  he  was  ten  years 
of  age  his,  father's  family  removed  to 
Lawrence  Co.,  Ind.,  and  were  among 
the  early  settlers  there ;  the  country 
was  wild  and  uncultivated,  and  abounded 
in  all  kinds  of  game,  deers,  bears,  etc.  • 
he  was  married  July  4,  1846,  to  Miss 
Rebecca  Lemon,  of  that  county,  who 
was  born  July  4,  1828;  they  came  to 
Metamora  in  1848,  and  he  was  engaged 
in  teaching  until  1851,  when  he  was 
elected  County  Surveyor  of  Woodford 
Co.,  holding  the  office  four  years ;  in 
1855,  he  removed  to  Freeport  and 
opened  a  farm  in  that  vicinity,  remain- 
ing there  till  the  Spring  of  1857,  when 
he  removed  to  Galesburg  and  engaged 
in  the  wholesale  grocery  business,  which 
he  continued  until  1859 ;  he  then  en- 
tered the  law  office  of  Smith  &  Ford,  at 
Galesburg,  having  previously  pursued 
his  law  studies  at  home ;  he  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1860 ;  returned 
to  Metamora,  and  began  the  practice  of 
his  profession ;  he  was  elected  County 
Judge  in  1860,  holding  the  office  four 
years;  has  two  children  living — Persis 
(now  Mrs.  Willard  Stowell,  of  Meta- 
mora), and  William. 

Clark,  Anna  S.,  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Cummings,  Mary  A.,  P.  0.  Metamora. 


METAMOFA  TOWNSHIP. 


495 


CASSELL,  WM.  J.,  broker  and 
money  loaner ;  was  born  in  Sangamon 
Co.,  111.,  Feb.  20,  18^5  ;  he  is  the  son 
of  Robert  T.  Cassell,  who  came  from 
Kentucky  to  Morgan  Co.,  111.,  when 
but  a  boy,  and  who  settled  in  Wood-, 
ford  Co.  when  Wm.  J.  was  but  five 
years  of  age ;  Mr.  Cassell's  father  was 
a  lawyer,  and  upon  arriving  at  his  majo- 
rity he  entered  upon  his  present  busi- 
ness of  a  broker  ;  he  was  married  May 
10,  18G4,  to  Miss  Henrietta  A.  Hirsch, 
of  Metamora,  who  was  born  in  New 
Hampshire,  in  Aug.,  1842;  they  have 
two  children — Robert  T.  and  Lutie 
May. 

Cummings,  D.  A.,  dentist;  P.  0.  Meta- 
mora. 

CROSS,  S.  J.,  retired;  was  born  in 
Chester  Co.,  Penn.,  and  when  a  young 
man  was  engaged  upon  public  works  in 
his  native  State  ;  in  1 839  he  came  to 
Bloomington,  111,  and  was  appointed 
Deputy  Clerk  under  Gen.  Cole ;  in 
1841,  he  came  lo  Versailles  and  took 
part  in  the  organization  of  Woodford 
Co.,  being  appointed  Circuit  Clerk  by 
Judge  Treat,  now  of  Springfield ;  he 
swore  in  the  first  officers  of  the  county  ; 
held  the  office  twelve  years ;  he  was  a 
V  member  of  the  Constitutional  Conven- 
tion, in  1847 ;  was  elected  Probate 
Judge  soon  after  the  organization  of  the 
county,  and  also  served  as  Commissioner 
in  Bankruptcy ;  he  has  held  several 
other  public  offices,  among  which  are 
Justice  of  the  Peace  and  Master  in 
Chancery ;  he  was  married  Nov.  14, 
1844,  to  Miss  Nancy  Stevenson,  who 
died  Aug.  31,  1868;  Mr.  Cross  is  now 
over  eighty  years  of  age. 

Chapman,  Amos,  blacksmith  ;  P.  0.  Meta- 
mora. 

DONAHUE,    JOHN,  farmer ;  P.    0. 
Metamora. 

Dertranz,  Jno.,  farmer  ;    P.  0.    Metamora. 

DELPH,  CHAS.  D.,  Deputy  County 
Treasurer ;  P.  0.  Metamora;  was  born  in 
Morgan  Co.,  111.,  August  29,  183(3 ;  in 
1844,  his  father's  family  removed  to 
Woodford  Co.,  and  settled  at  Metamora, 
then  Hanover ;  at  the  outbreak  of  the 
rebellion,  he  enlisted  in  the  17th  111. 
Vols.  ;  serving  three  years  in  the  Post 
Office  Department ;  on  his  return  he  for- 
lowed  his  trade  of  a  painter  until  his  ap- 


pointment to  his  present  position  ;  he  was 
married  Dec.  18,  1867,  to  Miss  Lila 
Delph  of  Louisville,  Ky.,  who  was  born 
there  May  3,  1840  ;  they  have  three 
children — John  M.,  Louisville  K.  and 
William  H. 

Delph,  Wm.  H.,  retired  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Dav,  Geo.,  firmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

DAY,  ELIZABETH  A.,  farmer ; 
Sec.  29  ;  P.  0.  Metamora ;  was  born  in 
Licking  Co.,  Ohio  Dec.  26,  1820  ;  she 
was  married  on  the  ISth  day  of  August, 
1842,  to  the  late  Jacob  Day,  who  was 
born  in  Knox  Co.,  Ohio  Jan.  24,  1818  ; 
they  removed  to  Illinois  the  year  of  their 
marriage,  and  settled  in  Tazewell  Co., 
where  they  resided  until  their  removal  to 
Woodford  Co.  in  1848 ;  they  lived  in 
Worth  Tp.  thirteen  years ;  Mr.  Day 
died  Oct.  27,  1860,  and  the  following 
Spring  Mrs.  Day  came  to  her  present 
home  in  Metamora  Tp. ;  she  has  seven 
children  living — Mary  J.,  Charles  B., 
Ann  E.,  George  W.,  Samuel  W.,  John 
W.  and  Ida  M. ;  she  owns  67  acres  of 
land  valued  at  $50  per  acre. 

Duffield,  M.  W.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Dwyer,  Patrick,  farmer  ;  P.   0.  Metamora. 

BUTTON,  NORMAN,  farmer  and 
stock  raiser  ;  Sec.  9  ;  P.  0.  Metamora  ; 
one  of  the  early  settlers  of  the  county  ; 
was  born  in  Lamoille  Co.,  Vt.,  Feb.  14, 
1810 ;  he  resided  there  until  he  was  23 
years  of  age,  and  then  came  to  Lake  Co., 
Ohio,  where  he  remained  t^vo  years  ;  he 
then  came  to  Illinois,  spending  a  year  in 
Morgan  Co.,  and  settled  in  Woodford 
Co.  in  1836;  he  was  married  Nov.  7, 
1835,  to  Mrs.  Nancy  Dutton,  of  Morgan 
Co.,  who  was  born  in  Canada  ;  she  died 
in  March,  1868,  leaving  six  children — 
Louisa  L.,  Samuel  S.,  James  H.,  Julia 
E.,  Daniel  A.  and  Laura  E. ;  the  oldest 
two  being  the  children  of  her  former 
husband  ;  Mr.  Dutton  was  married  again 
June  6,  1869,  to  Miss  Maria  Sleeper, 
who  was  born  in  Hillsborough  Co.,  N. 
H.,  Dec.  1,  1825  ;  he  owns  100  acres 
of  land  valued  at  $6,400. 

Tj^DSON,  a.  F.,  far.;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

EVANS,  N.  E.,  farmer  and  stock  rais- 

•     er  ;    Sec.  34  ;  P.  0.  Eureka  ;  was  born 

in    Brown  County,  0.,  Nov.  4,  1822  ; 

resided  there  until  March,  1866,  when 

he  came  to  Woodford  County.     He  was 


496 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


married  on  the  23d  of  October,  1843, 
to  Miss  Amanda  ^Mefford,  of  Brown  Co., 
0.;  she  Avas  born  Dec.  2-4,  1824  ;    they 
have  had  eight  children,  seven  of  whom 
are  living — H.   Duncan,  Olive,  Joseph 
D.,  John  W.,  Mary  J.,  Samuel  W.,  and 
Lewis    E. ;     one    daughter,    Elizabeth, 
(wife  of    J.  E.  Trunnell)  died  Feb.  1, 
1874,  leaving  two  children — Perry  and 
Ida  May.     Mr.  Evans   owns  a  farm  of 
160  acres,  valued  at  89,600.     Reserved 
three  years  as  Justice  of  the  Peace,  in 
Ohio,  and  one  year  as  Assessor  of  Meta- 
mora  Township. 
Ehrnthaller,  John,  far.;    P.  O.   Metamora. 
Edson.  E.  G.,  farmer:  P.  0.  Metamora. 
ENGEL,  JOHN,  farmer  and    stock 
raiser  ;    Sec.   28  ;    P.  0.  Metamora :  is 
one  of  the  earliest  settlers  of  Woodford 
County.       He  was   born    in    Lorraine, 
France,   May  22,   1801  ;    came  to  the 
United  States  in  1829,  and  in  1831   he 
came  to  Metamora  and  settled  on  a  farm 
adjoining   the    present    village,   on    the 
west,  where  he  resided  until  1865.     He 
then  removed  to  his  present  home,  where 
he  owns   160  acres  of   land,  valued  at 
89,600,   besides   28    acres   of    timber. 
He  married  Miss  Barbara  Detweiller,  of 
Peoria ;    she    was    born    in    Lorraine, 
France,  and  died  June  10, 1874,  leaving 
seven    children — Christian,    Catherine, 
J.acobena,  Barbara,    Joseph,  Magdalena 
and  Rachel. 
Erb,  Joseph,  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Engel,  Jno.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metaiuora. 
Enirel.  Jos.,  farmer;  P,  0.  Metamora. 
ELL  WOOD,  WM^  L.,  attorney   at 
law;  was  born  near  Skaneateles,  Onon- 
daga   County,  X.  Y..  March   6.   1851; 
he  is  of  English  parentage,  his  father, 
Isaac  Ellwood,  having  been  an  English 
soldier,  a  member  of  the  Queen's  Life 
Guards,  and    who,   after    retiring    from 
the   army,  came  to   the    United   States 
and   settled    near   Skaneateles.    X.    Y., 
where   he    was    married    to    Mrs.    Ann 
E.    Grimes,    whose    maiden    name    was 
Hugill;  they  removed  to  Illinois  when 
W.    L.    was    but   a    child,    and    settled 
near     Jacksonville,   Morgan     Co.,  then 
to  Woodford,  and  afterward  to  Tazewell 
Co,     At   the  time   of  our  late   war   his 
father  served  as  drill  master,  and  after- 
ward   entered    Co.    I.    Uth    111.    Cav., 
and  was  elected  Captain  ;   he  died  at  his  | 


home,  near  Mackinaw.  Tazewell  Co., 
Aug,  3.  1862,  from  injuries  received 
and  disea.se  incurred  in  the  service  of 
his  adopted  country.  After  the  death 
of  his  father,  young  Ellwood  removed 
with  his  mother  and  his  sister  to  Meta- 
mora. in  1865  ;  he  spent  three  years  at 
the  Illinois  Soldiers'  College,  at  Fulton, 
and  then  ensaged  in  teachino;  and  the 
Study  of  the  law;  he  was  admitted  to 
the  bai-.  Sept.  12.  1872  ;  practiced  law 
in  Watseka.  111.,  .six  months,  and  then 
settled  in  Metamora.  He  was  married 
Dec.  26,  1875,  to  Miss  Mary  E.  Bul- 
lock, of  Menard  Co..  111.,  who  was  born 
in  the  State  of  Xew  York ;  they  have 
one  child — Edna. 

Evans,  X.  E..  farmer:  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Evans.  W.  A.,  farmer:   P.  O.  Metamora. 

ELLIS,  JOSEPH  M.,  dealer  in 
hardware,  stoves  and  tinware,  was 
born  in  Highland  Co.,  0.,  March  24, 
1844.  He  was  raised  to  the  tinner's 
trade.  Came  to  Lewistown.  Fulton  Co., 
111.,  in  1863.  and  followed  his  trade 
until  1869,  when  he  removed  to  Meta- 
mora, and  in  1871  established  his  present 
business.  At  the  beginning  of  our  late 
civil  war,  he  entered  the  Union  army  as 
a  member  of  the  60th  Ohio  Vols.,  served 
under  Gens.  Fremont  and  Pope  in  Vir- 
ginia, was  taken  prisoner  at  Harper's 
Ferry,  and  was  mustered  out  in  1862 
with  his  regiment  by  reason  of  the 
expiration  of  his  term  of  sei-vice.  In 
1864.  he  entered  the  175th  Ohio  as 
Second  Lieut,  of  Co.  H,  serving  till  the 
close  of  the  war.  He  was  married 
Sept.  4,  1S74,  to  Miss  Caroline  A. 
Brandon,  who  was  born  in  Mercer  Co., 
Pa.,  Nov.  IS,  1848.  They  have  two 
children — James  B.  and  Joseph  C. 

Engel,  J.  X.,  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Esbert,  G,,  carpenter :  P,  0.  Metamora. 

ENGEL,  PETER  R.,  farmer;  Sec. 
19;  P.  O.  Metamora;  was  born  in 
France  in  1822.  When  he  was  nine 
years  of  age,  he  came  with  his  father's 
family  to  the  United  States,  spending 
about  three  months  in  Lancaster  Co., 
Pa.,  and  then  removing  to  their  present 
home  in  the  Fall  of  1831.  His  father, 
Peter  Engle,  died  March  1,  1875,  over 
80  years  of  age.  Mr.  Engel  was  mar- 
ried in  1846  to  Miss  Barbary  Xaffzeger, 
who    was  born    in  Germany  in   1823. 


MRTAMORA  TOWNSHIP. 


497 


Thej  have  eight  children  living — Catha- 
rine. Jacob,  Peter,  Joseph,  Alpha,  Sam- 
uel, Leah  B.  and  Amelia.  He  owns  a 
farm  of  187  acres,  valued  at  $75  an 
acre;  also  owns  a  farm  of  120  acres 
about  two  and  a  half  miles  east  of 
Metamora,  and  one  of  160  acres  in  Liv- 
ingston Co.  Total  value  of  real  estate, 
$40,000. 
Engel,     Gr.,    watchmaker;     P.    0.    3Ieta- 

mora. 
Earl,  Jus.   F.,  pop  manufactuerr ;    P.  0. 

Metamora. 
Egbert,   S.    W.,  carpenter ;    P.   0.   Meta- 
mora. 
Egbert,  C.T.,  veterinary  surg.;  P.O.  Meta- 
mora. 
EGBERT,  LEWIS  J.,  carpenter  and 
builder  ;    P.  0.  Metamora ;   was  born  in 
fiercer  Co.,  Pa.,  March  23, 1817.  When 
he    was  4  years  of  age,  his  father  re- 
moved to  Brown  Co.,  Ohio,  where  Mr. 
Egbert  resided  until  the  breaking  out  of 
the  War.      He  began  the  business  of  a 
carpenter  and  builder  at  the  age  of  20, 
and  has   followed   it  principally  to    the 
present    time.       In    1861,  he   raised  a 
company    of  volunteers    for    the    50th 
Ohio  Volunteers,  and  was  chosen  Cap- 
tain of  the  company.     He  served  over 
two  years,  one  year  of  which  time  he 
acted   as  Major.     He    was    mai-ried  in 
1841    to    Miss   Matilda    Waterman,  of 
Brown   Co.,  Ohio,  who  was  born  Aug. 
22,    1820,    and    died    Feb.    23,  1862, 
leaving     four    children  —  Jerome    B., 
Corydon  T.,  Solomon  W.    and    Annie 
M.     The   eldest   son   died  in   1869,  at 
the  age   of  27  years.     On    his    return 
from    the    army,  in    1864,  3Ir.    Egbert 
came  to  Metamora,  where    he   still  re- 
sides.    He  was   married  Oct.  6,  1864, 
to  Miss  Annie  Hamilton,  who  was  born 
in  the  Province  of  Ontario,  July  7, 1833. 
They  have  two  children — Nellie  L.  and 
Chas.     H.     He    served    one    term    as 
County  Auditor  in  Ohio,  besides  occu- 
pying various  other  public  offices.     He 
has  held  the    office  of   Justice  of  the 
Peace  four  years. 
EGBERT,    SOLOMON    W.,  car- 
penter  and    builder,   son    of  Lewis   J. 
Egbert;  was  born  in  Brown  Co.,  Ohio, 
Oct.  12,  1849.     He  came  to  Metamora 
in  1862,  where  he  now  resides,  engaged 
in  his  trade  of  a  carpenter. 


Ellwood,  Robert,  laborer,  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Eno-el,  Peter,  farmer :  P.  0.  Metamora. 
EGBERT,  W.  W.,  retired  ;  was  born 
in  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.,  Oct.  21,  1809.  His 
father  removed  to  Brown  Co.,  Ohio,  in 
1821,  and  engaged  in  the  milling  busi- 
ness, to  which  he  raised  his  son  until 
about  19  years  of  age,  when  he  learned 
the  cai'penter  trade,  which  he  followed 
for  30  years.  He  was  married  Jan.  31, 
1832,  to  Miss  Eliza  Trunnell,  who  was 
born  in  Bourbon  Co.,  Ky.,  Sept.  6, 
1814.  She  was  the  granddaughter  of 
Gen.  Sullivan,  of  Eevolutionary  fame. 
They  had  eight  children,  five  of  whom 
are  livinc — John  W.. Elizabeth, Alice  M., 
Herbert  M.  and  Francis  P.  They  remrived 
to  Metamora  Tp.,  in  1859,  and  en- 
gaged in  farming.  His  wife  died  Jan.  10, 
1873,  and  on  the  10th  of  Dec,  1874, 
he  married  Miss  Louisa  Beaver,  who 
was  born  in  Seneca  Co.,  Ohio,  May  21, 
1840.  They  have  one  child — Granville 
W.  Removed  to  the  village  of  Meta- 
mora  in  Feb.,  1877.  His  father.  Job 
Egbert,  was  a  soldier  in  the  war  of 
1812.  He  was  born  in  New  Jersey  in 
1776. 
Ellwood.  Anna  E.,  P.  0.  Metamora. 
TT'EHR.  LEONARD,  farmer;  P.  0. 
JD        Metamora. 

FISHER,   E.    A.,  farmer  and    stock 
raiser ;  Sec.   1  ;  P.   0.    Cazevonia ;  is   a 
native  of  Rutland  Co.,  Vt.,  having  been 
born  there  March  19,  1831.     He   came 
to    Woodford   Co.  with   his    parents    in 
]  842,  being  then  but   11   years  of  age. 
His  father,  Amos  Fisher,  settled  in  Caze- 
novia   Tp.,   where   he  resided    until   his 
death  in  March,  1850.   His  mother,  Mrs. 
Lydia  Fisher,  is  now  residing  with   her 
son,   at    the    age  of  seventy-five  years. 
Mr.  Fisher  was  married  Nov.  30,  1853, 
to  Miss  Amelia  Marshal,   who  was  born 
in  Windham  Co.,  Vt.,  April  23,  1830, 
and  came  to  this  county  in  185(» ;  she  is 
a  daughter  of  Thomas  Marshall,  of  Roa- 
noke Tp.     Mr.  Fisher  owns  80  acres  of 
land  in   his  own  home  farm,  valued  at 
$5o  an  acre.     He  is  at  present   Commis- 
sioner of  Highways,  which  office  he  has 
held  four  years  in  this  Tp.,and  one  term 
in  Roanoke  ;  he  has  also  served  several 
terms  as  School  Director. 
Fehr,  Conrad,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Farver,  Jno.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 


498 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


PAIRCHILD,     C     H.,    saloon    and 
billiard    hall  ;     born,     in     Waj^hington, 
Tazewell   Co.,   111.,   Feb.   7,    1851  •    at 
about   17   years  of  age  he  entered  the 
employ  of  the  T.,  W.  &  W.  R.  R.  Co., 
ami  afterward  was   engaged  with  the  St. 
Louis   Bridge   Co.  in   Iniilding   liridges, 
which   employment    he   followed  nearly 
one  year  ;  after  which  he  was  employed 
by  the  Missouri  Pacific  and  T.,  P.  &  W. 
Railroad  Cos.     He   came  to   Metamora 
with  his  parents  when  he  was  about  5 
years  old.     Married  August  29,  1875, 
to  Miss  Elizabeth  Bloutz,  of  Metamora, 
who   was   born    in   July.   1857.     They 
have  one  child — Carrie  E.     He  entered 
his  present  business  in  Oct.,  1877.    * 
Farver,  Marcelin,  far.  ;   P.  0.  Metamora. 
Fairchild,  D.  D..  saloon;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Fairchild.     Dock,    retired;     P.    0.    Meta- 
mora. 
FEILITZSCH,    L.    F.,    attorney  at 
law ;    was  born  in  Hungary.   June   13, 
1842  ;  his  parents  removed,  when  he  was 
quite  young,  to  Hesse-Cassel,   Prussia ; 
he  received  a  collegiate  education,  spend- 
ing a  part  of  his  time  at  Cassel,  Geneva, 
and   Berlin  ;    when   about  18  years  old, 
he  volunteered  as  a  member  of  the  Huz- 
zars  in  the  body  g-uard  of  the  Emperor 
Maximilian,  and  served  under   him  in 
Mexico ;    he   fought    at   the  battles    of 
Vera   Cruz,   Paso   Del   Macho,   Pueblo, 
Uajaca.  and  other  places ;  he  was  wound- 
ed eight  times  during  the  war,  and  was 
.  taken    prisoner   by    Porfirio    Diaz,    the 
present  President   of  Mexico,  but  made 
his  escape  the  first  night ;    he  was  pro- 
moted to  Lieutenant,  and  then  to  Major. 
■  and  attached  to  the  staff  of  Maximilian; 
he  was  afterward  promoted  to  Lieutenant 
Colonel,  and  rejoined  his  regiment;  after 
the  close  of  the  war,  he  spent  some  time 
in  the  Island  of  St.  Thomas,  and  Ha- 
vana, Cuba,  after  which  he  took  the  rem- 
nant  of  Maximilian  s  army  back  to  Vi- 
enna, Au.stria ;  he  speut   some  time  in 
southern     Switzerland,    reci-uiting     his 
health,   and  came  to  the  United   States 
in   1868;  he   spent   about   one  year  in 
Springfield  and  St.   Louis,  and  settled 
in  Metamora  in   1869;    entered  the  law 
oflBce   of   Judge   Chitty,    and    was  ad- 
mitted to  practice  in  1871 ;  he  was  niar- 
ri  ■<!  May  14,  1873,  to  Miss  A.  F.  Ray, 
of  Metamora. 


Fulton,  Frank,  firmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Fisher.  Ezra,  farmer;   P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Frink.  Harvey,  mech.:   P.  O.  Metamora. 

FAIRCHILD,  R.  H  ,  farmer  and 
stock  rair^er  ;  Sec.  29  ;  P.  0.  Metamora  ; 
was  born  in  Champaign  Co..  Ohio,  April 
25.  1829  ;  he  made  his  home  there  un- 
til 1852.  removing  thence  to  Metamora. 
where  he  has  since  resided,  and  owns 
120  acres  of  land  valued  at  88,500;  he 
was  married  in  April.  1852.  to  Miss 
Hulda  R.  Marsh,  who  was  born  in 
Champaign  Co..  Ohio,  in  1834;  they 
have  had  three  children,  one  of  whom. 
Rozina  P..  is  living;  one  daughter.  Su- 
san M..  and  a  son.  Friend  E..both  died 
the  same  dav.  Aug.  11.  1863.  the 
former  at  the  age  of  eight  years,  and 
the  latter  at  the  age  of  sixteen  months ; 
Mr.  Fairchild  is  at  present  a  member  of 
the  County  Board  of  Supervisors,  to 
which  oflBce  he  was  elected  in  1875,  and 
re-elected  in  1876  and  1877. 

GOULDEX,    JOSEPH,   laborer;    P. 
0.  Metamora. 
;   Greiser,  Bernhard,  farm. ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Grabill,  Jos.,  teamster;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Giehl.  F.,  real  est   agt. :  P.  0.  Metamora. 

GINGERICH,  MRS  CATH- 
ERINE, farmer  and  stock  raiser; 
Sec.  3;  P.  0.  Metamora;  was  born  in 
France,  Nov.  14,  1829 ;  she  came  to 
the  United  States  when  she  was  about 
nineteen  years  of  age ;  she  was  married 
April  20,  1852,  to'the  late  Peter  Gin- 
gerich.  one  of  the  early  settlers  of 
Woodford  Co.,  who  was  born  in 
France,  Aug.  1,  1826;  after  their  mar- 
riage they  settled  near  Hickory  Point, 
where  Mr.  Gingerich  died  in  Aug.,  1866, 
and  about  three  years  ago  Mrs.  Gin- 
gerich removed  to  her  present  home, 
where  she  owns  160  acres  of  land,  valued 
at  89,500  ;  she  has  five  children  living — 
Mary,  Christian  W.,  Jacob,  Peter  and 
John. 

Gould,  G.  D,,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Garber,  Christ.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Metamora. 

Greennagel,  David,  far ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Garber.  Jos.,  farmer:   P.  0.  Metamora. 

GISH,  GARMAN,  farmer  and  Con- 
stable, P.  0.  Metamora;  was  born  in 
Roanoke  Co.,  Ya.,  Oct.  11,  1824;  he 
followed  farming  there  until  he  was 
twenty-four  years  of  age,  and  in  1848,  re- 
moved to  Elkhart  Co..  Ind.,  where  he 


METAMORA  TOWNSHIP. 


499 


resided  two  years  and  then  came  to 
Woodford  Co.  and  settled  near  the 
present  village  of  Roanoke,  and  about 
nineteen  years  ago  removed  to  Metamora ; 
he  was  married  May  11,  18-tS,  to  Miss 
Rhoda  A.  Vinyard,  who  was  born  in 
Roanoke  Co.,  Va.,  Oct.  27,  1832  ;  they 
have  one  sou — P.  K.  Gish,  now  living 
in  McLean  Co.  Mr.  Gish  served  seven 
years  as  Justice  of  the  Peace,  in 
Roanoke  Tp.  ;  he  held  the  office  of 
SheriflF  of  Woodford  Co.  two  years,  and 
is  now  serving  on  his  second  term  as 
Constable;  he  owns  a  residence  and  11 
acres  of  land  in  Metamora,  some  timber 
land  in  Worth  Tp.,  and  a  farm  of  80 
acres  in  McLean  Co. 

Graham,  J.  M.,  ins.  agt. ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Gilford,  E.  E.,  teamster ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Goldsmith,  Benj., farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Grieder,  John,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Goetz,  Jos.,  blacksmith ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Gephart,  Jos,  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

GOULD,  LUTHER,  farmer  and 
stock  raiser  ;  Sec.  10  ;  P.  0.  Metamora  ; 
was  born  in  Rutland  Co.,  Vt.,  June  22, 
1817  ;  when  he  was  fourteen  years  old, 
his  parents  removed  to  Washington  Co., 
N.  Y.,  where  they  resided  three  years; 
removing  thence  to  Crawford  Co.,  Ohio. 
Mr.  Gould  was  married  Oct.  23,  1847, 
to  Miss  ]Maria  A.  Chapman,  of  Cham- 
paign Co.,  Ohio,  who  was  born  in 
Windsor  Co.,  Vt.,  Sept.  16,  1823  ;  they 
have  four  children — Clarence  D.,  resid- 
ing in  McLean  Co.;  Florence  M.,  now 
Mrs.  J.  E.  Piper,  of  Cazenovia  Town- 
ship ;  George  D.  and  Clara  B.  Mr. 
Gould  came  to  Woodford  Co.  in  1858, 
settling  on  his  present  home ;  he  owns 
100  acres  of  land,  valued  at  $5,000  ;  he 
held  the  offices  of  Town  Clerk  and  Asses- 
or  in  Ohio. 

Gibbons,  Austin,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Garber,  Andrew,  fiirmer  ;   P.  0.  Metamora. 

Greeninsi',  Melvina,  far. ;  P.  O.  Metamora. 

HUCKINS,  S.  S.,  laborer;  P.  0. 
Metamora. 

Heintzman,  Chas.,  lab. ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Hines,  Michael,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Holme,  H.  G.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

HARL,  GEO.  L.,  editor  and  pub- 
lisher iVooi/ford  County  Sentinel;  was 
born  in  Louden  Co.,  Virginia,  July  12, 
1825  ;  he  came  to  Jacksonville,  111.,  in 
1835,  remaining  there  seven  years ;  he 


commenced  to  learn  the  printer's  trade 
in  1840  ;  went  to  St.  Louis  and  com- 
pleted his  trade ;  remained  there  three 
years,  then  went  to  Peoria,  where  he 
resided  until  1861  ;  he  then  settled 
in  Metamora,  and,  with  Mr.  T.  L.  Pow- 
ers, purchased  the  Sentinel,  and  in  1877 
he  bought  out  Mr.  Powers,  and  assumed 
the  sole  control.  He  was  married 
March  12,  1860,  to  Miss  Eliza  Thurlow, 
of  Peoria,  who  was  born  in  London, 
England  ;  they  have  three  children  liv- 
iii_,  —  Harry  C,  Hervey  L.  and  Jennie. 
One  child,  Mary  C,  died  Sept.  6,  1866. 

Heirmyer,  Jno.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Heirmyer,  J.  H  ,  far.;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Hoffman,  Gottlieb,  far.;  P.   0.  Metamora. 

Hollandsworth,  Wm.  H.,  blacksmith  ;  P. 
0.  Metamora. 

Huckins,  Lucy,  P.  0.  Metamora. 

HAZEN,  M.  O.,  fiirmer  and  apiarist ; 
Sec.  3 ;  P.  0.  Metamora ;  was  born  in 
Paulet,  Vt.,  May  23,  1818  ;  was  raised 
in'Pomfret,  Windsor  Co.,  Vt.,  and  fol- 
lowed the  business  of  carding  and  cloth- 
dressing  with  his  father,  until  about  17 
years  old,  and  then  engaged  in  the  man- 
ufacture of  hay  rakes;  at  the  age  of  20, 
he  went  to  Canada,  and  followed  the 
rake  business  about  three  years ;  in 
June,  1844,  he  went  to  Lowell  and  en- 
tered the  employ  of  the  Lowell  Lock 
Co.  ;  in  1850,  the  company  sold  out  to 
the  Nashua  Lock  Co.,  and  he  was  en- 
gaged by  the  latter  company,  and  re- 
moved to  Nashua,  N.  H.,  where  he  re- 
sided until  his  removal  to  Woodford  Co., 
ia  1858.  He  was  married  Nov.  28, 
-  1852,  to  Miss  Martha  Searle,  of  Law- 
rence, Mass.,  who  was  born  in  Somerset 
Co.,  Maine,  Nov.  28,  1819  ;  they  have 
one  child — Frank  L.,  who  resides  in 
Metamora  Township ;  Mr.  Hazen  owns 
213  acres  of  land,  valued  at  $15,000  ; 
he  is  interested  in  bee  culture,  having 
an  apiary  of  some  twenty-five  colonies 
of  Italian  bees. 

Hesse,  31agdalena,  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Hirsch,  F.  F.  plasterer  ;   P.  0.  Metamora. 

Heinzman,  Jos.,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

HERRON,  J.  W.,  farmer  and  stock 
raiser;  Sec.  15;  P.  O.  Metamora;  was 
born  in  Brown  Co., Ohio,  Aug.  21,  1825  ; 
He  came  to  Woodford  Co.  with  his 
father's  family  in  1848,  and  settled  on 
the  farm  adjoining  Mr.  Herron's  on  the 


500 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


west ;  Mr.  Herron  settled  on  his  present 
farm  in  1854.  He  was  married  April 
6, 1854,  to  3Iiss  Carrie  Trunnell,  of  Met- 
amora  Township,  who  was  born  in  Brown 
Co.,  0.,  Nov.  29,  1837  ;  they  have  had 
nine  children,  six  of  whom  are  living — 
John,  George  W.,  James  P.,  Mary  E.. 
Minnie  B.  and  Nellie ;  Mr.  Herron 
owns  00  acres  of  land,  valued  at  36,000. 

Hartlev.  Zenas.  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Hines."P.  A..  Deputy  Sheriff;  P.  0.  Meta- 
mora. 

Hoffman,  (jec,  laliorer  :    P.  0.   Metamora. 

HICKS,  WILLIAM,  Superintend- 
ent  of  the  Woodford  County  Alms  House; 
Sec.  28  ;  P.  0.  Metamora ;  is  a  native 
of  Brown  Co..  Ohio,  having  been  born 
there  July  22.  1832  ;  he  was  raised  to 
farming  pursuits ;  was  married  Nov.  3, 
1854,  "to  Miss  Mary  E.  McConnell.  of 
Brown  Co.,  a  granddaughter  of  Capt. 
Thomas  McConnell,  of  the  war  of  1812; 
she  was  born  Jan.  1.  1833  ;  in  1855,  he 
removed  to  Hamilton  Co.,  Ind..  residing 
there  nine  years,  at  the  end  of  which 
time,  he  came  to  Illinois  and  settled  in 
Metamora  Tp.  ;  Mrs.  Hicks  died  May  5, 
1872,  leaving  four  children — Nathan 
B..  Nancy  A.,  Jesse  E.  and  Dovey  M.  ; 
Mr.  Hicks  was  married  again,  July  3, 
1874,  to  Mrs.  Lucy  Jacobs,  of  Hamilton 
Co..  Ind..  whose  maiden  name  was 
Warren,  and  who  was  born  in  Adams 
Co.,  Ohio.  Dec.  31.  1832;  her  family 
consisted  of  fotir  daughters  ;  Mr.  Hicks 
served  as  Deputy  Sheriff'  two  years  ;  as 
Justice  of  the  Peace  seven  years  and  as 
Collector  two  years  in  Indiana,  and  was 
elected  Assessor  of  Metamora  Tp.  in 
1870.  and  re-elected  each  succeeding 
Spring  until  1875  :  in  Dec,  1875.  he 
was  appointed  by  the  Board  of  Sttper- 
visors  to  his  present  position  as  Supt.  of 
the  Woodford  County  Alms  House  and 
Poor  Farm  :  his  grandfather.  John  Ross, 
was  one  of  the  earliest  settlers  of  Indi- 
napolis. 

Holzinger,  Nicholas,  lab.  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Hass.  Xavier,  retired :  P.  0.  Metamora. 

"TRYINCt,  p.  B..plast.;  P.O.  Metamora. 

IRVING,  J.  C,  local  editor  ^Yoodford 
Sentinel ;  was  born  in  Metamora  Dec. 
10,  1850.  He  followed  clerking  from 
the  age  of  13  vears  until  he  engaged  in 
the  printing  business.     He  began  as  an 


apprentice,  and  is  familiar  with  every 
department  of  job  printing,  including 
wood  engraving,  etc.  He  took  charge 
of  the  local  and  business  department  of 
the  office  in  June.  1877.  Was  married 
Jan.  11,  1877.  to  Carrie  S.  Kern,  nee 
Hirsch.  a  native  of  Suncook,  N.  H. 

Imhoft',  John,  farmer ;    P.   0.    Metamora. 

Isch   Fred.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

JENNINGS,  WM.  L.,  farmer ;    P.  0. 
Eureka. 
Jacquin.  Dominique,  farmer  ;    P.  0.  Met- 
amora. 
Johnson.  A.  E..  printer  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Jennings,  F.  E.,  farmer;  P.O.  Eureka. 
John,  Thomas,  farmer;    P.  0.  Metamora. 
Jeter.  Wm.  M..  abstracts  of  titles;  P.  0. 
Metamora. 

KREIBIEL,  D.,   far.;    P.  0.   Meta- 
mora. 
Kurth.  Gottlieb,  former ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Kennel.  P..  Sr..  farmer;  P.O.  Metamora. 

KINNEAR,  A.  H.,  M.  D.,  phy- 
sician  and  surgeon ;  P.  0.  Metamora ; 
was  born  in  Hardin  County,  0., 
3Iarch  9,  1841.  He  was  raised  on 
the  farm,  his  father  being  quite  an 
extensive  stock  raiser.  Came  to  Eu- 
reka, Woodford  Co.,  with  his  parents, 
when  he  was  15  years  old  ;  received  an 
academic  education  at  Eureka  College, 
and  began  the  study  of  medicine  in 
1860.  He  attended  his  first  course  of 
lectures  at  Jefferson  3Iedical  College, 
Philadelphia,  and  completed  his  course 
at  Rush  Medical  College,  Chicago.  Re  ■ 
ceived  his  degree  at  the  latter  institution 
in  1864,  and  immediately  thereafter 
was  commissioned  as  First  Asst.  Surgeon 
of  the  108th  111.  Vols.,  and  served  two 
years.  Upon  his  return  from  the  war 
he  entered  upon  the  practice  of  medicine 
at  3Ietaniora,  where  he  now  resides. 
He  is  County  Physician,  which  office 
he  has  held  for  the  past  eight  years. 
He  was  married  Aug.  28,  1865,  to 
Miss  Eliza  R.  Rockwell,  daughter  of 
Wm.  R.  Rockwell,  one  of  the  earliest 
settlers  of  Woodford  Co.,  and  one  of 
the  original  proprietors  of  the  village  of 
Hanover,  now  Metamora.  Mrs.  Kin- 
near  was  born  in  Metamora  June  14, 
1844.     They  have  one  child— Lee  R. 

Kempf,  M.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Kellogg,  John,  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Kennel,  P.,  Jr.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 


METAMORA   TOWNSHIP. 


501 


Knoblauch,  J.  B.,  ruer. ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Knoblauch,  Xavier,  mer.;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Kuhn,  Adam,  laborer ;  P.  0.   Metamora. 

KELLOGG,  P.  F.,  wagon  manu- 
facturer, was  born  in  Washington  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Feb.  11,  1828.  Whe'n  he  was 
about  six  years  old  his  mother's  family 
removed  to  Ohio,  and  in  1836  came  to 
Jacksonville,  111.  Here  they  remained 
about  a  year,  settling  in  Metamora  in 
1837.  Here  be  ^'orned  the  trade  of  a 
wagon  maker,  and  began  business  for 
himself  in  1852.  In  August,  1862,  he 
enlisted  in  Co.  E,  108th  111.  Vols.,  was 
promoted  to  Orderly  Sergeant  and  served 
three  years.  He  was  married  May  13, 
1858,  to  Miss  Frances  Reeder,  who  was 
born  in  Montgomery  Co.,  0.,  May  16, 
1834.  They  have  two  children  living 
— Wm.  H.  and  Zella  F.  One  child- 
Arthur  L. — died  in  1872. 

Knoblauch,  Jos.,  mer.;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Kern,  A.  W.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Knoblauch,  Jno.,  saloon  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Kipp,  Edward,  Insurance  and  J.  P. ; 
P.  0.  Metamora. 

Kern,  Jno.  M.,  far. ;  P.  0.  "Washington. 

LEHMAN,  JOS.,  farmer;  P.O.^'Meta- 
mora. 

Linch,  Thos.,  butcher;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

LEONARD,  A.  P.,  farmer  and  stock 
raiser;  Sec.  15;  P.O.  Metamora;  was 
born  in  Tolland  Co.,  Conn.,  March  7, 
1830;  most  of  his  life  has  been  spent  I 
in  agricultural  persuits ;  at  the  age  of 
seventeen  years  he  left  home  and  came 
to  Jacksonville,  111.,  where  he  engased  ! 
m  clerking  and  teaching  school ;  here 
he  remained  about  six  years;  he  was 
married  Dec.  28,  1850,  to  Miss  F.  S. 
Hugill,  of  Jacksonville,  who  was  born 
in  England,  July  14,  1829  ;  they  have 
seven  children  living — Chas.  H.,  Fran- 
cis J.,  John  L.,  Elbridge  P.,  Lucy  M., 
Mary  M.  and  Frances  A.;  he  owns  160 
acres  of  land,  valued  at  $12,000;  he 
came  to  Woodford  Co.  in  1854,  and 
settled  on  his  present  fariu  in  1874. 

Leys,  John,  Dep.  County  Clerk ;  P.  0. 
Metamora. 

Leonard,  Francis,  far. ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Leonard,  Charles,  fer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Lemon,  Sallie  M.,  P.  0.  Metamora. 

MEISTER,  MICHAEL,  firmer;  P. 
0.  Metamora. 
Miller,  J.  E.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 


Mitchell,  Wm.,  former ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Meismer,  Peter,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

MARTIN,  HENRY,  carpenter  and 
builder ;  P.  0.  Metamora ;  was  born 
in  Perry  County,  Ohio,  May  26,  1822; 
he  was  raised  on  the  farm  and  to 
the  trade  of  a  milhvriglit ;  came  to 
Woodford  County,  in  1852,  and  settled 
at  Low  Point,  where  he  resided  until 
about  twelve  years  ago ;  he  then  re- 
moved to  Metamora,  where  he  now 
resides;  he  was  married  in  1851  to  Miss 
Sarah  A.  Wilson,  of  Muskingum  Co., 
Ohio ;  they  have  four  children — Joseph, 
Florence  A.,  Andrew  J.  and  Susan. 

Morse,  Jos.  0.,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

MCGUIRE,  JOHN  L.,  farmer;  Sec. 
20  ;  P.  0.  Metamora  ;  was  born  in  the 
county  of  Tipperary,  Ireland,  Aug.  27, 
1844;  came  to  the  United  States  with 
his  father,  at  the  age  of  eight  years,  and 
settled  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  where  his 
father  died,  in  1856  ;  two  years  later,  in 
1858,  he  came  to  Metamora,  and  en- 
gao:ed  in  farming ;  he  was  married  on 
the  24th  of  Nov.",  1870,  to  Miss  Adelia 
M.  Pase,  dauiihter  of  Adino  Page, 
Esq.,  of  Metamora ;  she  was  born  in 
Gilmanton,  N.  H.,  Dec.  17,  1848;  they 
have  one  child — May.  He  owns  40 
acres  of  land  adjoining  the  village  of 
Metamora,  valued  at  $2,500 ;  he  also 
carries  on  60  acres  adjoining,  belonging 
to  Adino  Page ;  in  1862,  soon  after  the 
breaking  out  of  the  war,  he  enlisted  in 
the  51st  111.  Vols.,  and  served  three 
years  ;  he  was  wounded  and  taken  pris- 
oner at  the  battle  of  Chickamauga,  in 
Sept.,  1863,  and  confined  seven  months 
in  the  hospital  at  Richmond,  Va. 

Morley,  Jos.,  retired;  P.  0.  IMetamora. 

Mangin,  Sylvester,  ptr. ;    P.  0.  Metamora. 

Moore,  Edward,  farmer;    P.  0.  Metamora. 

Molitor,  Jos.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Millinger,  Geo.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Millino-er,  Thos.,  farmer;  P.  O.Eureka. 

MANGIN,  EMILE,  saloon;  born 
in  Lorraine,  France,  Department  of  Mo- 
selle, Feb.  16,  1848;  his  parents  came 
to  this  country  when  he  was  eight  years 
of  age,  and  settled  in  Partridge  Town- 
ship. Woodford  Co.,  and  afterward  re- 
moved to  Worth  Townshi}) ;  he  settled 
in  Metamora  in  March,  1876,  and 
opened  his  present  business ;  he  was 
married  in   Sept.,   1875,  to  Miss  Mary 


502 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


O'Ruurke,  of  Peoria,  wlio  was  born  in 
New  York  City,  Jan.  3,  1856;  they 
have  two  children — Katie  and  Ursula. 

Mills.  Archy.  flirmer;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

Minger.  Jno.,  farmer;   P.  V.  Metamora. 

Mongle,  David,  laborer ;  P.  O.  Metamora. 

Mitchell.  Wm..  saddler:   P.  0.  Metamora. 

MITCHELL,  WM.,  farmer  and 
stock  raiser ;  Sec.  3-i ;  P.  0.  Eureka ; 
was  born  near  New  Albany.  Floyd  Co., 
Ind.,  July  81,  1817  ;  when  he  was  less 
than  a  year  old,  his  parents  removed  to 
the  western  part  of  Indiana,  settling  in 
Yigo  Co..  then  a  pioneer  country;  he 
resided  there  eight  years,  and  then  re- 
moved to  Parke  Co.,  and  in  1833  came 
to  what  is  now  "Woodford  Co. ;  his 
father,  James  Mitchell,  died  in  1872. 
Mr.  Mitchell  settled  on  his  present  farm 
in  1845,  where  he  owns  1-11  acres  of 
land,  valued  at  S(jO  an  acre ;  he  was 
married  Mar-  h  29.  1837,  to  Miss  Susan 
Long,  of  McLean  Co.,  who  was  born  in 
Floyd  Co.,  Ind.,  Feb.  lU.  1820  ;  they 
have  three  children  living — Nancy  J., 
now  Mrs.  Thos.  Bullock,  of  Eureka; 
Henrietta,  wife  of  Henry  Reynolds,  of 
Washington,  111.,  and  Amanda  H..  now 
Mrs.    F.    E.    Jenninii'S ;  one    daughter, 


Elizabeth,  died   in  1845,  at  the 


age 


of 


two  years  and  eight  months. 

Madison,  J.  R..  grain  and  coal  desler; 
P.  0.  Metamora. 

Miller.  John,  farmer:   P.  0.  Roanoke. 

MUNDELL,  ABNER,  farmer  and 
stock  raiser;  Sec.  2;  P.  0.  Cazeno^"ia, 
was  born  in  Grreen  Co.,  Pa..  Oct.  19, 
1816 ;  at  the  age  of  thirteen  years  he 
came  with  his  parents  to  Wayne  Co., 
Ind.,  where  they  resided  nearly  two 
years,  and  then  removed  to  Vermilion 
Co.,  111. ;  three  years  later  he  came  to 
Woodford  Co.,  and  settled  on  Richland 
Creek,  and  removed  to  his  present  home 
sixteen  years  ago ;  Mr.  Mundell  owns 
612  acres  of  land  in  the  county,  valued 
at  §33,000  ;  he  was  married  May  10, 
1844,  to  Miss  Maria  (  lingman,  who  was 
born  in  Scioto  Co..  Ohio,  Mai-ch  12, 
1827  ;  they  have  had  ten  children,  six 
of  whom  are  living — John  C,  George 
W.,  Samuel.  ^Margaret  J..  Wm.  I.,  Jesse 
G.  Mr.  Mundell  held  the  office  of 
Constable  from  1837  to  1841.  and  after- 
ward served  four  years  as  Justice  of  the 
Peace ;  he  was  chosen  Associate  Judire 


of  the  County  Court,  serving  about  two 
years  ;  he  has  been  three  terms  a  mena- 
ber  of  the  Co.  Board  of  Supervisors. 

Mills,  Anna,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Miller.  Anna.  P.  0.  Metamora. 

MORSE,  LEVI  P.,  farmer  and 
stock  raiser.  Sec.  4;  P.  0.  Cazenovia: 
is  one  of  the  early  settlers  of  Woodford 
Co.;  he  was  born  in  Windsor  Co.,  Vt., 
April  7,  1821;  in  1835  his  father's 
family  came  to  this  Co.,  making  the 
entire  journey  with  teams,  and  were  six 
weeks  on  the  way ;  Mr.  Morse  was  then 
fourteen  years  of  age  ;  he  drove  one  of 
the  teams,  sleeping  every  night,  from 
Vt.  to  Chicago,  in  one  of  the  wagons ; 
they  settled  on  the  homestead  which  his 
father  entered  from  the  government, 
and  Mr.  Morse  now  owns  and  occupies ; 
he  was  married  Oct.  17,  1845,  to  Miss 
Mary  A.  Parminter,  who  was  born  in 
Devonshire.  England,  June  20,  1823; 
they  have  six  children  living — Joel  R., 
Eliza  R.,  J.  Hale,  Milo  M.,  Leland  E. 
and  Henry  M. ;  he  owns  200  acre:?  of 
land  valued  at  812,000  ;  Mr.  Morse  held 
the  offices  of  School  Trustee  and  School 
Director  fourteen  years,  and  has  si;rved 
two  terms  as  Commissioner  of  Hiahways. 

^VTOIROT,    GEORGE,  tinnrr^  P.  0. 
1  >      Metamora. 

NESMITH,  CYRUS  A.,  farmer 
and  stock  raiser ;  P.  0.  Metamora ; 
was  born  in  Antrim,  N.  H.,  Oct.  24, 
1801  ;  removed  to  New  Portage,  in 
1816.  He  was  married  April  4.  1833, 
to  Miss  Morenda  Hurlbutt ;  he  came  to 
Peoria  Co.,  111.,  in  Nov.,  1847.  and  after 
living  there  one  year,  removed  to  Meta- 
mora. since  which  time,  he  has  followed 
the  occupation  of  a  farmer ;  he  has 
raised  a  family  of  seven  children — Ar- 
thur E.,  of  Metamora  Township ;  P. 
Jane,  who  married  J.  M.  McGinnis,  and 
lives  in  Silver  City.  Nevada  :  Alilton  W., 
residing  in  Metamora  Township  ;  Mary 
A.,  now  Mrs.  E.  S.  Corpe,  of  Metamo- 
ra ;  George  W.,  now  living  in  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.  ;  John  D.  and  Charles  L., 
both  of  whom  reside  in  Washington, 
111. 

Newton.  Luciu.-.  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

NOIROT,  DENIS,  farmer  and  stock 
raiser;  Sec.  16  ;  P.  0.  Metamora;  was 
born  near  Metz,  France,  May  24.  1824; 
he  came  to  the  United  States  in  1848, 


METAMORA  TOWNSHIP. 


503 


and  after  spending  a  short  time  in  Lou- 
isville, Ky.,  came  to  Spring  Bay,  Wood- 
ford Co.,  and  engaged  in  blacksmithing, 
which  trade  he  had  learned  in  his  native 
country  ;  after  about  a  year,  he  removed 
to  the  farm  of  Joseph  Klein,  in  Worth 
Township,  and  two  years  afterward,  to 
German  town,  residing  there  until  1857  ; 
he  then  came  to  Metamora,  since  which 
time  he  has  lived  in  this  township,  re- 
siding a  portion  of  the  time  on  the  farm 
and  a  portion  in  the  village ;  he  settled 
on  his  present  farm  in  the  Spring  of 
1876.  He  was  married  April  18, 1849. 
to  Miss  Margaret  Jacquin,  who  was  born 
near  Severn,  France.  May  7,  1822,  and 
came  to  this  country  in  1 84(3 ;  they  have 
four  children  living — John,  George,  Vic- 


tor ine  and  Mau'gie ;  he   owns 


one 


farm 


of  85  acres  and  another  of  80  acres,  val- 
ued at  about  $13,5U0. 

Newton,    Chas.,  carp.  ;  P.    0.   Metamora. 

NESMITH,  M.  W.,  farmer  and 
stock  raiser;  Sec.  14;  P.  0.  Metamora; 
was  born  in  Medina  Co.,  Ohio,  June 
18,  1837.  When  he  was  ten  years  of 
age  his  parents  removed  to  Peoria  and 
in  1849  settled  in  Woodford  Co.  Mr. 
Nesmith  is  the  inventor  of  Nesmith's 
Champion  Grain  Register,  Patented 
Jan.  9,  1877,  and  has  been  interested 
in  several  other  inventions.  He  was 
married  June  18,  1863,  to  Miss  Susan 
R.  Wallahan,  daughter  of  George  A. 
and  Elizabeth  Wallahan,  of  Cruger, 
Tp.  She  was  born  in  Columbiana  Co., 
Ohio,  Oct.  2,  1843.  They  have  five 
children  living — Milton  W.,  Bertha  E., 
Cyrus  A.,  Frank  0.  and  Nellie  C. 
Their  oldest  child,  George  G.,  died 
Sept.  28,  1865.  Mr.  Nesmith  settled 
on  his  present  home  in  1864. 

Noirot,  John,  harness  mkr. ;  P.  0.  Meta- 
mora. 

NOIROT  BROS.,  dealers  in  hard- 
ware, tinware,  stoves  and  harness  ;  are 
natives  of  Woodford  Co.  ;  they  are  of 
French  descent,  their  parents  removing 
to  this  country  from  France  about  the 
year  1848.  John,  the  senior  partner, 
was  born  in  Germantown,  Sept.  29, 
1851  ;  came  to  Metamora  at  an  early 
age,  established  his  present  business  in 
1874.  He  was  married  Aug  29,  1875, 
to  Miss  Josie  M.  Carlock,  of  Mason 
Co.,  111.     George,  the  younger  brother, 


was  born  in  Germantown,  Aug.  29, 
1853.  He  came  with  his  father's  family 
to  Metamora  when  about  four  years  old. 
About  a  year  ago  he  entered  into  part- 
nership with  his  brother.  He  was  mar- 
ried in  November,  1877,  to  Miss  Maggie 
Wetzel,  of  Metamora. 

Nolz,  Anna,  P.  0.  Metamora. 

NEWTON,  MELVIN,  farmer 
and  stock  raiser.  Sec.  4  ;  P.  0.  Meta- 
mora; was  born  on  the  29th  of  Aug., 
1809,  in  AVindsor  Co.,  Yt.,  where  he 
resided  until  1835,  and  then  removed 
to  Champaign  Co.,  Ohio.  He  lived 
there  eighteen  years,  removing  thence 
to  Woodford  Co.  in  1853.  He  settled 
first  in  Cazenovia  Tp.,  and  lived  there 
until  his  removal  to  his  present  home, 
in  1860.  He  was  married  Nov.  17, 
1831,  to  Miss  Eunice  Smith,  who  was 
born  in  his  native  county,  March  28, 
1807.  They  have  six  diildreu  living — 
Eveline  R.,  now  living  in  California; 
Sylvanus  S.,  of  El  Paso ;  George  A., 
residing  in  Linn  Tp.,  Charles  H.,  of 
Metamora;  Lucius  I.,  of  Metamora  Tp. 
and  Kate  M.,  now  Mrs.  A.  K.  Smith. 
Mr.  Newton  owns  180  acres  of  land, 
valued  at  $10,500. 

Neuschwanger,  Peter,  farm.;  P.  0.    Meta- 


mora. 


Northup,  Lucius,  teacher;  P.O.  Metamora. 

NESMITH,  A.  E.,  f^^rmer  and 
stock  raiser ;  Sec.  22  ;  P.  0.  Meta- 
mora ;  is  a  native  of  Medina  Co.,  Ohio, 
having  been  born  there  Dec.  28,  1833. 
When  he  was  14  years  of  age,  he  came 
with  his  parents  to  Peoria  Co.,  111., 
living  there  two  years  and  removing 
thence  to  Woodford  Co.,  in  1849.  He 
occupies  the  farm  on  which  his  father 
settled  on  first  coming  to  the  county, 
nearly  thirty  years  ago.  He  was  mar- 
ried June  5, 1859,  to  Miss  Mary  A. 
McGinnis,  of  Groveland,  Tazewell  Co., 
who  was  born  in  Parke  Co.,  Ind.,  May 
30, 1831  They  have  three  children — 
Jennie  E.,  May,  and  Fannie.  Mr.  Nes- 
mith was  elected  Collector  of  Metamora 
Tp.  in  1875,  and  re-elected  in  1876,  and 
has  held  the  office  of  School  Director  in 
Metamora  villaue  the  past  three  years. 
BRY,PAUL,  far.;    P.  0.  Metamora. 


O 
P 


OWELL,  Samuel  M.,  photographer  ; 
P.   0.  Metamora. 


504 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


PAGE,  ADINO,  banker  and   dealer 
in    groceries ;     P.     0.    Metamora ;    was 
born  in  Irilmanton,  N.  H.,  May  3, 1822  ; 
He  came    with  his   father's    family    to 
Woodford   Co.  in  1835,  and  settled  in 
Metamora   Tp. ;    here  he  resided  until 
18-13,  engaged  in  farming,  and  then  re- 
turned to  New   England,  and  followed 
brick  making  until  184:7,  at  which  time, 
he  took  charge  of  the  Alms  House  in  his 
native  town,  and  in  1850  was  appointed 
Superintendent  of  the  Alms  House  and 
Insane  Asylum  in  Danvers,  now  Peabody, 
Mass.,  occupying  the  position  until  his 
return  to  Metamora  in  1859  ;  in  connec- 
tion with  his  office  as  Superintendent,  he 
served  for  a  number  of  years  on  the  con- 
stabulary force,  and  on  the  occasion  of 
the    visit    of   the    great   philanthropist, 
Geo.  Peabody,    to    his    native  town  in 
1856,    Mr.  Page  officiated  as  one  of  the 
Marshals    of   the    day  at  the  reception 
given  by  the  citizens ;  he  was  married 
in  Gilmanton,  N.  H.,  Sept.  25,  1845,  to 
Miss  Arvilla  Page,  daughter  of  Samuel 
Page,  Esq.,  of  the  town;  she  was  born 
Feb.  6,  1822;  they  have  one   daughter 
— Adelia  M.,  now  Mrs.  John  L.  McGuire, 
of  Metamora  ;  Mr.  Page  took  charge  of 
the  first  Alms  House  of  Woodford  County 
in  Jan.,  1868,  holding  the  position  for 
more  than   eight  years ;  he  has  been  a 
Magistrate  for  several  years;  has  taken 
a  great  interest  in  public  schools,  serving 
several  terms  as  Director,  and  is  at  pres- 
ent Township  Trustee  of  schools  ;  since 
his  return  in  1859,  he  has  been  engaged 
in  banking  and  general  merchandising 
with  his  brother,  John  W.  Page. 

Patterson.  Jacob,  firmer:  P.  0.  Metamora. 

PAGE,  JOHN  W.,  banker  and  mer- 
chant, was  born  in  Gilmanton,  X.  H., 
Jan.  13,  181-1;  resided  there  until  he 
became  of  age,  and  on  his  twenty-first 
birthdaj-,  Jan.  13,  1835,  was  married, 
and  the  same  year  removed  with  the 
other  members  of  his  father's  family,  to 
Metamora.  His  wife  was  Miss  Rebecca 
Edgerly  Page,  daughter  of  True  Page, 
Esq..  of  Gilmanton,  and  was  born  in 
Montville,  Me.,  June  11,  1812.  They 
have  had  a  family  of  five  children,  all 
but  one  of  whom,  Charles  A.,  are  now 
deceased.  Mr.  Page  engaged  in  farm- 
ing and  house  carpentering,  and  built 
the  first  frame  house  in  Metamora  village, 


then  Hanover.  In  1858,  he,  with  his 
brother  Adino,  engaged  in  the  grocery 
business,  afterward  adding  general  mer- 
chandise, and  in  the  Spring  of  1875, 
they  purchased  of  James  F.  Earl  the 
Metamora  Bank.  He  was  elected  Cor- 
oner of  the  courty.  in  1844,  and  Com- 
missioner of  Schools  the  following  year, 
both  of  which  offices  he  resigned  in 
1846,  to  enter  the  Mexican  war,  where 
he  served  nearly  a  year  as  Sergeant  in 
the  4th  I.  V.  At  the  time  of  his 
enlistment  he  held  a  commission  as  First 
Lieutenant  in  the  Illinois  State  Militia. 
In  1857.  he  was  elected  County  Treas- 
urer, and  held  the  office  two  terms.  He 
was  the  first  Treasurer  of   the  villasre 

O 

corporation,    holding    that    office  from 
1859   to    1869,  and  has   also  been  the 
Treasurer  of  the  Woodford  County  Ag- 
ricultural Society  since  its  organization. 
He  has  served  two  terms  as  County  Su- 
pervisor, and  has  been  Township  School 
Trustee  and  Township  Treasurer,  and  is 
also    the    Treasurer    of   the    Metamora 
Public  Library. 
PAGE,     S.    S.,    attorney  at    law ;     P. 
0.  Metamora ;  was  born   in  Metamora, 
Jan.   27,  1851.  He  is    a    son  of  Thad- 
deus  C.  S.   Page,  who   came    to    Meta- 
mora  with   the    other   members  of  the 
family    of  his    fether,    John    Page,   in 
1835,  and  who  now    resides  in   McLean 
Co.    Mr.  Page  was   raised    on  the  farm 
until  he  was  15  years  of  age;    after  ob- 
taining a  high    school    education  he  be- 
gan the  study  of  the  law  in  the  office  of 
C.    H.  Chitty,  in   Metamora ;    was   ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  June,  1872,  and  at 
once  began  practice  in  partnership  with 
Mr.    Chitty,  which    he   continued    two 
years ;  the     partnership  was   then    dis- 
solved and  Mr.  Page  continued  practice 
alone  for  one  year,  when  R.  T.  Perry  be- 
came a    partner,   and  the  name  of  the 
firm    was    Page    &    Perry,    which  has 
since    been    dissolved.      In    November, 
1876,  he  was  elected   State's  Attorney, 
which  office  he   still  holds.     He  served 
two   years    as    Dept.    Supt.  of  Schools 
and  has  held    various  town  offices.      He 
was   married    Feb.    22,   1874,  to   Miss 
Lucia  A.   Robinson,  daughter  of   F.  L. 
Robinson,    of   Cloud  Co.,  Kansas.    She 
was  born  in  Vermont,   Jan.  30,    1855. 
They  have  one  child,  Cecil. 


METAMORA   TOWNSHIP. 


505 


Pletscher,    M.,    far. ,    P.     0.    Metamora. 

Perrine,  Thos.,  far. ;  P.    0.  Eureka. 

Portman,  Barbara ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

PAGE,  S.  TRUE,  agent;  P.  0. 
Metamora  :  was  born  in  Gilmanton,  N. 
H.,  May  10,  1824;  he  came  with  the 
other  members  of  the  family  to  Meta- 
mora in  1835,  where  he  resided  until 
April,  1855;  he  then  removed  to 
Wayne  Co.,  Iowa,  and  Uved  there 
nearly  two  years,  removing  thence  to 
Atchison  Co.,  Mo.,  where  he  remained 
until  January,  18G1,  and  then  returned 
to  Metamora.  In  1846  he  volunteered 
as  a  soldier  in  the  Mexican  war  as  a 
member  of  Co.  "  G,"  4th  111.  Inf, 
serving  just  one  year,  participating  in 
the  battles  of  Vera  Ci'uz  and  Cerro 
Gordo.  On  the  breaking  out  of  the 
rebellion,  he  enlisted  in  Co.""  E,"  108th 
111.  Vols.,  and  took  part  in  all  the 
battles  participated  in  by  his  regiment, 
and  was  mustered  out  at  the  close  of 
the  war  in  1865.  He  was  married 
April  21,  1855,  to  Miss  Mary  A.  Gig- 
ray,  of  Clarke  Co.,  Iowa,  who  was  born 
in  Stark  Co.,  Ohio,  Dec.  5,  1833,  and 
died  July  29,  1862,  leaving  four  sons — 
John  E.,  Joseph  A.,  William  P.  and 
Arthur  R. 
Perrine,  K.  E,.,   farmer ;     P.    0.    Eureka. 

PEARD,  MARTHA,  MRS.,  Sec. 

11;  P.  0.  Metamora ;  was  born  in 
Tavistock,  Devonshire,  England,  Jan. 
28,  1830  ;  her  maiden  name  was  Martha 
Downs  ;  she  was  married  Nov.  12, 1849, 
to  the  late  Richard  Peard,  who  was  born 
in  Bratton  Clovelly,  Devonshire,  En- 
gland, July  10,  1825  ;  they  came  to  the 
United  States  in  1850,  and  settled  the 
following  year,  on  the  farm  now  occu- 
pied by  Mrs.  Peard  ;  they  had  eight 
children,  six  of  whom  are  living — Will- 
iam H.,  Arminel  E.,  now  the  wife  of 
Rev.  J.  C.  H.  Read,  of  Mich.;  John  T., 
Harriet,  Fred  and  Josephine.  Mr. 
Peard  died  Nov.  13,  1866 ;  Mrs.  Peard 
owns  145  acres  of  land,  valued  at  $8,- 
200. 

Painter,  Oscar,  teacher ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

PARMINTER,  JOHN,  fmner  and 
stock  raiser;  Sec.  16;   P.  0.  Metamora;  , 
was  born  in    Devonshire,  England,    in 
Feb.,  1822  ;  in  1842,  in  company  with  i 
his  sister,   now  Mrs.   L.   P.   Morse,  he  j 
came  to  the   United  States,  landine;  in  ! 


New  York  with  but  one  shilling  in  his 
pocket  ;    three  years  later,  his  parents 
followed,  and  settled  in  Metamora  Town- 
ship ;    his   father.  John  R.    Parminter, 
died  in  1869  ;  and  his  mother  now  re- 
sides with  her  son,  at  the  age  of  seventy- 
eiglit  years.     Mr.   Parminter  was  mar- 
ried March  28,   1853,  to  Miss  Harriet 
Earl,   of  Metamora,  who  was  born   in 
Northamptonshire,     England,    Feb.    5, 
1835,  and  came  to  this  country  in  1851  ; 
they  have  eight  children  living — John 
H.,"^  Jessie    L.,    Mary   E.,    Hattie    K., 
Grace    E.,   Jennie    L.,    Lillie    M.    and 
Nellie   M.      Two  daughters,   Lizzie  C. 
and  Ada  S.,   died  in   1867   and    1876 
respectively.     Mr.  Parminter  settled  on 
his  present  firm  in  1849  ;  he  owns  860 
acres  of  land   in   Woodford    and   Ford 
Counties,  valued  at  $36,000. 
Perrine,  D.  R.,  former  ;   P.  0.  Eureka. 
PAINTER,  GEO.,  retired  ;  was  born 
in  Northumberland  Co..   Penn.,  Oct.  3, 
1812;  his  business  has  always  been  that 
of  a    carpenter   and    builder;    came    to 
Metamora  in  Nov.,  1848,  and  engaged 
in    his   trade ;    he    was    married    April 
14,  1840,    to   Miss  Clarissa  House,    of 
Pottsville,    Penn.,    who    was    born    in 
Berks  Co.,  Penn.,  Jan.  25,  1810  ;  they 
have   three   children — Oscar,   Annie   E. 
and  Elenor  M. ;  he  was  elected  Coroner 
of  Woodford  Co.  in  1872,  holding  the 
office  two  years  ;  he  served  one  term  as 
Justice  of  the  Peace ;  he  has  held  other 
offices,  among  which  are  School  Director, 
Commissioner  of  Highways  and  member 
of  the  Yillau-e  Council. 
PORTMAN,    NICHOLAS,  dealer 
in    general    merchandise ;    was    born    in 
France,   Sept.    5,    1838 ;   when   he   was 
eight  years  old,  his  parents  came  to  the 
United  States,   and  settled  near  Wash- 
ington, Tazewell  Co.,   111. ;   in  1858,  he 
came  to  Metamora  and  opened  his  pres- 
ent business,  renting  a  small  building  on 
the  east  side  of  the  S((uare,   which   he 
occupied  two  years ;  he  then  erected  a 
frame  building,  which  was  burned  down 
in  Jan.,   1877,  and  in  the  Fall  of  that 
year  he  built  his  present  two-story  and 
basement  brick  store ;  his  stock  in  trade, 
when     he    started    twenty    years     ago, 
amounted    to    perhaps    S500 ;    he    now 
carries    a  well    selected    stock    of   from 
$15,000  to  820,000;  owns  a  fine  brick 


506 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


resiflenco  and  other  real  estate  in  this 
village ;  his  father,  Nicholas  Portman, 
Sr.,  died  in  1871,  and  his  mother  is 
now  residini;'  with  her  son. 
PLANK,  ELIJAH,  attorney  at  law 
and  Notary  Pul>lic ;  was  born  in  Greene 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  11,  1824;  his  early 
years  were  spent  on  the  farm ;  when  he 
was  eight  years  of  age,  his  parents 
removed  to  Chautau(|ua  Co.,  N.Y.;  here 
he  lived  until  185-1,  when  he  came  to 
Metamora,  and  in  1856,  entered  upon 
the  study  of  the  law ;  he  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1859  ;  in  18G6,  he  removed 
to  Fairbury,  Livingston  Co.,  and  resided 
there  four  years;  returned  in  1871  to 
Metamora,  where  he  now  resides,  engaged 
in  the  practice  of  his  profession ;  he  was 
married  Oct.  10,  1S5U,  to  Miss  Almarah 
Brigham,  who  was  born  in  Chautauqua 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Julv  13,  1830. 

RAY,    JERRY,    farmer ;  P.  0.  Meta- 
mora. 
Ramitre,  Geo.  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Ralston,  David,  fiirmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

RANNEY,    JOEL    A.,    HON., 

stock  raiser.  Sec.  4  ;  P.  0.  Cazenovia ; 
was  born  in  AVindsor  Co.,  Vt.,  Oct.  18, 
1831.  He  came  with  his  father's  fam- 
ily to  Woodford  Co.,  when  he  was  six 
years  of  age,  and  settled  on  the  farm 
where  he  still  resides.  He  was  married 
Sept.  4, 1S5G^  to  Miss  Frances  L.  Ever- 
ett, daughter  of  Deacon  Willard  Ever- 
ett, of  Metamora  Tp.  She  was  born  in 
Francistown,  N.  H.,  Feb.  9,  1837. 
They  have  four  children — Frances  L., 
Esther  J.,  Mark  J.  and  Justin  M.  He 
owns  a  farm  of  200  acres,  valued  at 
§10,000.  Mr.  Ranney  was  elected  to 
the  State  Legislature  in  the  Fall  of 
1876.  He  has  also  served  two  terms 
as  member  of  the  County  Board  of 
Supervisors.  , 

Regele,  Bantaleon,  far.;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Reaele.  Henry,  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

REEDER,  JACOB  H.,  wagon  and 
carriage  maker ;  was  born  in  Mont- 
gomery Co.,  Ohio,  April  7,  1832.  His 
early  years  were  spent  upon  the  farm. 
In  1836,  his  parents  moved  to  Lacon, 
Marshall  Co.,  111.,  being  among  the  early 
settlers  of  that  county.  They  removed 
to  Metamora  in  1848,  where  his  father 
engaged  in  the  wagon  maker's  business, 
•  which  his  son  has  always  followed.  He 


was    married    May  13,  1858,  to  Miss 
Elizabeth  H.  Powell,  of  Metamora,  who 
was  born  June  11,    1837.      They  had 
five  chiidren,  four  of  whom  are  living 
— Ada  F.,  Isaac  H.,  Jesse  L.  and  Ed- 
win P.    His  wife  died  Nov.   25,   1868. 
He   married    again    April  7,    1870,  to 
Miss  C.    A.    Page,  of  Metamora,  who 
was  born   in   Gilmanton,   N.    H.,    Jan. 
13,  1832.    They  had  one  child — Lizzie 
A. 
Retter,  Jno.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Metamora. 
Rouse,  A.  C,  retired;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Rathbon,  Edward,   far. ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
RAY,  GEORGE,  farmer ;  Sec.  20  ; 
P.  0.  Metamora ;  one  of  the  early    set- 
tlers   of  Woodford    Co. ;     was  born  in 
Pickaway   Co.,  Ohio,    March  13,  1808; 
his  fathers  family  were  among  the  early 
settlers  in  that  county  ;  he  was  raised  to 
agricultural  pursuits,  which  he  has  fol- 
lowed all  his  life  ;  he  received  a  common 
school  education,  such  as  usually  fell  to 
the  lot  of  farmers'  sons  in  those  days  ;  he 
came  to  Woodford  Co.  in  1836,  and  fol- 
lowed the  business  of  dealing  in    cattle 
for  a  few  years,  buying  them  in  Central 
Illinois  and  driving  them   further  north 
and  selling  them  to  the  immigrants  ;    he 
was    married  in    1838,  to    Miss    Jane 
Banta,  who  was  born  in  Kentucky,  Feb. 
4,  1813  ;  they  have  had  nine  children, 
eight   of  whom    are    living ;    one    son, 
Joseph  M.,  died  at  the  age  of  12  years; 
Mr.  Ray  settled  on  his  present  farm,  ad- 
joining the  village  of  Metamora,  in  1840 ; 
the  homestead  contains  140  acres,  valued 
at  $10,500  ;  he  also  owns  a  farm  of  310 
acres  north  of  the  town  and  75  acres  of 
timber ;  he  served  four  years  as  Sheriff 
of  Woodford  County. 
Robinson,  Geo.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Ruvenacht,  John, farmer;  P.O.  Metamora. 
Ricketts,  Josinah,  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Ralston,  Harmon,  farmer  ;  P.    0.  Eureka. 
ROCKE,  HENRY,  farmer  and  stock 
raiser  ;  Sec.  27 ;   P.  0.   Metamora  ;  was 
born  in  Germany,  Oct.  22,  1836  ;  when 
he  was  twelve  years  of  age,  he  came  with 
his  parents  to  this  country ;    they  spent 
one  year  in  Tazewell  Co.  and  settled  in 
Woodford  County  in  1849  ;  he  was  mar- 
ried   in    May,    I860,' to  Miss  Mary  F. 
Victor,  of  Worth  Tp.,  who  was  born  in 
Ohio,   Feb.   26,    1841  ;    they  had    ten 
children,    five    of    whom    are   living — 


METAMOBA  TOWNSHIP. 


507 


Joseph,  August  C,  Frederick  J.,  Eva 
L.  and  Rosie ;  Mr.  Rocke  owns  100 
acres  of  land  valued  at  $5,200  ;  he  served 
as  School  Director  live  years. 

Rathbon,  Ransom,  far. ;  P.  0.    Metamora. 

Rathbon,  Thos.,  lab. ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Ray,  Jacob,  Deputy  County  Clerk  ;  P.  0. 
Metamora. 

RICH,  CHARLES,  farmer  and  stock 
raiser  ;  Sec.  21  ;  P.  0.  Metamora  ;  was 
born  in  Chenango  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  10, 
1816  ;  he  received  an  academic  educa- 
tion, entering  the  Clinton  Liberal  Insti- 
tute at  the  age  of  17  years,  remaining 
there  three  years,  teaching  school  during 
the  Winters,  after  which  he  went  to  Mis- 
souri, and  followed  teaching  nearly  four 
years  ;  he  then  returned  home,  and  on 
May  IG,  1842,  was  married  to  Miss 
Abigail  Carpenter,  who  was  born  in 
Worcester  Co.,  Mass.,  Jan.  16,  1817  ; 
they  have  four  children  living — Albert 
R.,  Carrie,  Mary  S.,  and  Freeman  W. ; 
he  came  to  Woodford  Co.,  in  184:2,  and 
settled  in  Metamora  Township  ;  at  that 
that  time  the  village  of  Hanover,  now 
Metamora,  contained  but  three  houses, 
only  one  of  which  was  occupied ;  he 
owns  135  acres  of  land,  valued  at 
S7,000  ;  Mr.Rich  was  appointed  County 
School  Commissioner  in  1846,  to  fill  an 
unexpired  term,  and  elected  for  two 
years  in  1847,  and  re-elected  in  1849  ; 
he  has  served  two  terms  as  County  Su- 
pervisor, one  year  as  Township  Assessor, 
and  several  terms  as  School  Director  and 
Commissioner  of  Highways. 

Ravens,  Henry,  far. ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Robinson,  Smith,  far. ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Rockwell,  Susan  F.,  millinery  ;  P.  0.  Met- 
amora. 

Rohmann,  Conrad,  sro. ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

O  HARICK,  SUSAN  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Sutter,  Maria  ;  P.  O.  Metamora. 
Stock,  David,  far. ;  P.  0.  Washington. 
Shumacher,  Henry. 
Schertz,    P.,    lumber    and    grain ;    P.    0. 

Metamora. 
Smith,  J.  L.,  laborer  and  teamster ;  P.  0. 

Metamora. 
Staudenmyer,  C.  B.,  carpenter,  etc.;  P.  0. 

Metamora. 
Stivers,  Geo.,  farmer ;  P.  O.  Eureka. 
Stewart,  Samuel,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Schieber,  Jno.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 


SHEA,  THOS.,  farmer  and  stock 
raiser ;  Sec.  5  ;  P.  0.  Metamora ;  was 
born  in  the  county  of  Clare,  Ireland, 
Dec.  2,  1820.  He  came  to  the  United 
States  in  1848,  and  settled  in  Chittenden 
Co.,  Vt.,  and  engaged  in  forming.  He 
resided  there  three  years  and  removed  to 
the  city  of  New  York,  where  he  lived 
four  years,  employed  in  a  wholesale  dry 
goods  store.  After  that  he  removed  to 
Newark,  N.  J.,  living  there  six  years. 
In  1861,  he  went  to  Iowa  and  returned 
to  Illinois  the  Fall  of  the  same  year. 
He  spent  the  next  Summer  in  McLean 
Co.,  and  in  the  fall  of  1862  settled  in 
Metamora  Tp.,  where  he  owns  90  acres 
of  land,  valued  at  $3,600.  He  was 
married  in  1856  to  Miss  Margaret 
McCarrell,  of  Arlingtown,  N.  J.,  who 
is  a  native  of  Ireland,  and  who  died  in 
1861.  Mr.  Shea  takes  a  great  interest 
in  grape  culture,  having  a  fine  vineyard 
of  nearly  two  thousand  vines,  and  man- 
ufactures several  hundred  gallons  of  the 
best  quality  of  wine  annually. 

Staples,  Silas,  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Shurter,  Jacob,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Metamora, 

Smith,  Henry,  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

SMITH,  JOHN,  farmer  and  stock 
raiser;  Sec.  23;  P.  0.  Metamora;  is  a 
native  of  Woodford  Co.,  and  is  the  son  of 
Christian  Smith,  who  came  from  France 
in  1829,  and  after  residing  in  Pennsyl- 
vania four  years  settled  in  Woodford 
Co.  in  1833,  and  died  in  1877,  aged  76 
years.  Mr.  Smith  was  born  in  Worth 
Tp.  Nov.  27,  1843.  He  resided  there 
until  1870,  when  he  removed  to  his 
present  home,  where  he  owns  240  acres 
of  land,  valued  at  §14,400.  He  was 
married  in  Feb.,  1866,  to  Miss  Lana 
Schertz,  daughter  of  David  Schertz,  of 
Wurth  Tp.  She  was  born  in  Worth 
Tp.,  Dec.  20,  1843.  They  have  had 
six  children,  four  of  whom  are  living — 
Joseph  D.,  Samuel,  Henry  and  John  C. 

Schertz,  C.  H.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Strausmeyer,  A.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Sheppard,    Bartholemew.    farmer;     P.   0. 
Metamora. 

Schaell,  Jno.,  former ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Shea,  John,  former ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Schaell,  Wm.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Stock,  Alex.,  farmer;    P.  0.  Metamora. 

Saffbrd,  David,  farmer ;    P.  0.   Metamora. 

Sharick.  John,  laborer ;  P.  0.  Metamora.   • 


508 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY: 


SCHURMANN,    VERY    REV. 

FATHER  AN  THON  Y,  Superior 
of  all  Capuchin  Fathers  from  the  Prov- 
ince of  Westphalia  and  Rhineland  ;  was 
born  in  Munster,  in  Westphalia,  Dee.  8, 
1834 ;  he  received  his  early  education 
under  the  immediate  care  of  his  parents, 
and  then  spent  seven  years  at  the  Gym- 
nasium of  Munster  ;  lie  then  became  a 
member  of  the  Capuchin  order,  and 
studied  Philosophy  and  Theology  four 
years  in  the  Seminary  at  Mainz  ;  he  was 
then  engaged  as  missionary  in  his  native 
country  twelve  years;  in  1870-1,  he 
served  as  Priest  in  the  Prussian  arriiy, 
in  the  Franco-Prussian  war,  and  was 
decorated  by  the  Government ;  upon  tlie 
close  of  the  war  he  was  expelled,  together 
with  other  Catholic  orders,  and  came  to 

-  America  in  June,  1875,  to  prepare  the 
way  for  the  establishment  of  his  order 
in  this  country,  the  order  following  in 
Sept.;  he  established  the  monastery  at 
Cumberland,  Md.;  in  1877,  he  estab- 
hshed  and  began  the  building  of  the 
monastery  and  St.  Mary's  Church  at 
Metamora,  a  full  account  of  which  will 
be  found  in  the  history  of  the  town. 

Scheetz,  Phillip,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Stivers,  Wm.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Stitt^  J.  E..  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Smith.  M.  (t.  K..  flirmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

SOMMER,  JACOB,  dealer  in  agri- 
cultural implements  and  lightning  rods  ; 
was  born  near  Nancy,  France.  Dec.  22, 
1839  ;  his  mother's  family  came  to  the 
United  States  when  he  was  eleven  years 
of  age,  and  settled  in  Peoria ;  he  was 
raised  to  the  trade  of  a  blacksmith  ;  he 
settled  in  Metamora  in  the  Spring  of 
1864,  and  followed  blacksmithing  until 
two  years  ago,  when  he  established  his 
present  business.  He  was  married  Dec. 
30,  1863,  to  Miss  Lizzie  Verckler,  who 
was  born  in  Woodford  Co.,  March  19, 
1842;  she  is  the  daughter  of  John  and 
Catharine  Verckler,  who  came  to  Wood- 
ford Co.,  from  France,  in  1832  ;  they 
have  fiiur  children — Cora  N.,  Alice  J., 
Oscar  J.  and  Minnie  K. 

Schnetzler,  Barbara ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Schertz,  P.  D.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Smith,  Isaac,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Metamora. 

Schertz,  August,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Smith,  Sarah  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Stider,  Peter,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 


Stider,  Jos.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Sommer,  Christian,  far. ;    P.  0.  Metamora. 

SNYDER,  JOHN,  farmer  and  stock 
raiser ;  Sec.  8  ;  P.  0.  Metamora  ;  was 
born  in  Germany  Oct.  13,  1819;  when 
he  was  ab  ut  6  years  of  age,  his  father 
came  with  his  fomily  to  the  United 
States  and  settled  in  Pennsylvania,  where 
he  resided  until  1835,  when  he  removed 
to  Illinois  and  made  a  settlement  in 
Spring  Bay  Township,  at  Blue  Creek, 
where  he  resided  until  his  death  in  1840. 
Mr.  Snyder  settled  on  Black  Partridge 
Creek,  in  Partridge  Township,  about 
35  years  ago,  and  was  married  in  Dec, 
1850,  to  Miss  Susan  Caldwell,  of  Taze- 
well Co.,  who  died  in  1866,  leaving 
one  child  —  Ellen.  Mr.  Snyder  was 
married  again  in  1867  to  Miss  Laviua 
Baker,  who  was  born  in  Luzerne  Co., 
Pa.,  March  3,  1836.  They  have  three 
children — Susan  L.,  John  C.  and  Simeon 
M.  Mr.  Snyder  owns  200  acres  of  land 
in  his  own  home  farm,  and  1,200  acres 
in  Partridge  Town.ship,  valued  in  all  at 
S50,00(>.  He  served  several  years  as 
School  Director. 

Stoddard,  Reuben,  lab. ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Sharrick,  Louisa,  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Sommer,  Henry,  blacksmith  ;  P.  0.  Meta- 
mora. 

Smith,  Stephen,  farm.  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Summer,  Thos.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Sommer,  John,  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Spiers,  Maria,  hotel  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Staab,  Peter,  retired ;   P.  0.  Metamora. 

Schmaling,  R.,  teacher ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Stobber,  David,  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Sager,  Benj.,  painter;   P.  0.  Metamora. 

Stider,  John,  farmer  ;  P.  O.  Metamora. 

Smith,  A.  A.,  laborer;    P.  0.  Metamora. 

Stider,  Catherine,  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Smith,  John  B.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Stitt,  Joseph  K.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

TOMBS,  MATTHEW,  farmer  ;  P.  0. 
Eureka. 

Tombs,  Andrew,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

TOMBS,  ANDREW,  JR.,  f^^rmer 
and  Slock  raiser ;  Sec.  25  ;  P.  O.  Eure- 
ka, was  born  in  Brown  Co.,  0.,  April  5, 
1848.  His  father  came  to  Illinois  the 
following  year,  1849,  and  settled  in 
Groveland,  Tazewell  Co.,  where  he  re- 
sided about  four  years,  removing  to 
Woodford  County  in  1853.  Mr.  T. 
was  married  March  28,  1876,  to  Miss 


METAMORA   TOWNSHIP. 


511 


Lizzie  Shortridge,  of  Cruger  Township, 
who  was  born  in  Cass  County,  Ind.,  Oct. 
18,  1852.  Mr.  Tombs'  owns  273  acres 
of  land  in  Woodford  County,  valued  at 
$18,0UU. 

Tombs,  J.  W.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Thompson,  Nancy,  P.  O.  Metamora. 

Theena,  Jos.,  butchcT :    P.   0.  3Ietamora. 

TOOL,  MATTHEW,  proprietor  of 
''Home  Flouriug-mill.''  was  born  in 
Augusta  County^  Va.,  Feb.  22,  1829. 
When  he  was  about  5  years  old,  his 
parents  removed  to  Tazewell  Co.,  111. ; 
he  was  raised  on  a  farm  until  he  was  18 
years  of  age,  when  he  learned  the  trade 
of  a  carpenter,  which  he  followed  about 
twenty  years.  He  came  to  Metamora 
Township  in  1840;  settled  in  the  vil- 
lage in  1858;  built  the  Home  Mill  in 
1868,  and  has  been  engaged  in  the  mill- 
ing business  ever  since.  He  was  mar- 
ried June  29,  1854,  to  Miss  Margaret 
Debolt,  who  was  born  in  Greene  County, 
Penn.,  March  27,  1831  ;  they  have  five 
children — Alice  E.,  George  H.,  Mary 
E.,  John  W.  and  Julia  A.  He  has 
held  the  offices  of  School  Director  and 
Commissioner  of  Highways. 

This,  Dominique,  retrd ;  P.  0.  Matamora. 

Tombs,  John,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

THODE,  GEORGE,  Clerk  of  the 

Circuit  Court  ;  wa.s  born  in  Schleswig- 
Holstcin,  Prussia,  June  15,  1837  ;  in 
1852,  he  came,  with  his  parents,  to  the 
United  States,  being  then  about  fifteen 
years  of  age  ;  they  settled  in  Wisconsin  ; 
he  served  in  the  Union  army  as  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Telegraph  Cor})s,  with  Gen. 
Thomas'  army,  with  headquarters  at 
Nashville,  Tenn.  At  the  close  of  the 
war,  he  removed  to  Peoria  and  took 
charge  of  the  city  telegraph  office  there, 
remaining  nearly  three  years,  and  then 
ensiasred  in  the  grain  business  at  Secor, 
111.,  from  which  he  removed  to  Meta- 
mora ;  he  was  elected  Circuit  Clerk  in 
the  Fall  of  1872,  on  the  Democratic 
ticket,  and  re-elected  in  1876.  He  was 
married  June  29,  1864,  to  Miss  Louisa 
Reisse,  of  Barton,  Wis.,  who  was  born 
in  the  City  of  New  York,  June  9,  1846 ; 
they  have  three  children — Amelia  L., 
Otto  E.  and  Lillie. 

Theesfield,  Chas.,  far. ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Tombs,  Smith,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

This,  Stephen,  retired  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 


TOOL,  ANN  E.,  MRS.,  Sec.  22  ; 

P.  0.  Metamora;  was  born  in  Brown 
Co.,  Ohio,  Sept.  15,  1830;  she  is  a 
daughter  of  Alexander  Thorn,  who  came 
to  Woodford  Co.  in  1848,  and  settled  in 
Cazenovia  Township ;  she  was  mai-ried 
Jan.  15,  1852,  to  the  late  William  Tool, 
who  was  born  in  Autiusta  Co.,  Va.,  Dec. 
22  1826,  and  came  to  Woodford  Co. 
with  the  other  members  of  the  Tool 
family,  in  1833;  being  among  the 
earliest  settlers  of  the  county  ;  the}^  set- 
tled on  the  present  homestead  in  1852. 
Mr.  Tool  used  to  draw  his  grain  to 
Chicago  and  buy  liis  supjdies  in  that 
city — the  trip  usually  occupying  two 
weeks  ;  he  died  on  the  13th  of  Dec, 
1872.  The  estate  consists  of  ISO  acres 
valued  at  $12,000.  Mrs.  Tool  has  six 
children  livinsi' — Louisa  E.,  J.  Lester, 
William  C,  Alva  E.,  Samuel  W.  and 
Maggie  B.;  the  oldest  son,  J.  Lester,  is 
at  present  School  Director  of  District 
No.  5. 
TOOL,  JACOB,  farmer  and  stock 
raiser ;  Sec.  22  ;  P.  0.  Metamora ;  was 
born  in  Augusta  Co..  Va.,  June  16, 
1831.  When  he  was  about  three  years 
of  age,  his  father  left  Virginia,  coming 
to  Illinois,  and' settling  in  Tazewell  Co., 
where  he  resided  until  1849,  and  then 
removed  to  Woodford  Co.  Mr.  Tool 
was  married  Feb.  27,  1857,  to  Miss  Sa- 
rah Swartsley,  of  this  county,  who  is  a 
native  of  Augusta  Co.,  Va.  They  have 
seven  children  living — Sylvia  A.  (now 
Mrs.  Jacob  Whistler),  James  R.,  Chas. 
H.,  Ida,  Ella,  Emma  aud  Estella.  Mr. 
Tool  settled  on  his  present  farm  in  1857, 
where  he  owns  a  farm  of  80  acres,  val- 
ued at  $4,800,  besides  10  acres  of  tim- 
ber. He  has  been  School  Director  for 
the  past  sis  years. 

VALENTINE.   ANDREW,    farmer; 
P.  0.  Metamora. 
Volz,  Henry,  farmer  ;    P.  0.  Metamora. 
Veath,  Adam,  farmer  ;  P.O.  Metamora. 

WILSON,  A.    H.,  Constable;  P.  0. 
Metamora. 
Wilson,  G.  R.  teamster  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Wilson,  Mary  ;  P.O.  Metamora. 
Wilson.  J.  H.,  retired  ;   P.  0.  Metamora. 
Wilkinson,  T.  J.  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Warren,  Jno.  farmer  ;  P.O.  Metamora. 
Walton,   Geo.   F.,  harness  maker  ;    P.  0. 
Metamora. 

2 


512 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY; 


WILLARD,  P.  H.,  one  of  the  early 
merchants   of  Woodford  Co..   but  now 
the  head  of  the  wholesale  grocery  house 
of  Willard.  Bacon  &  Co..  No.  6  Waba.sh 
avenue.  Chicago ;  was  born  in  Lancas- 
ter. Worcester'^Co..  Mass  ,  Oct.  5. 18(»5  ; 
after  receiving  an  academic  education, 
he  became  a  clerk  in  a  store  in  Harvard, 
Mass.,  and  at   the  end   of  a  few  years 
purchased  the  business  of  his  employer, 
and  carried   on  a  general   merchandise 
business  until  1832 ;  he  then  removed 
to  Lowell,   Mass.,  and  engaged  in   the 
wholesale  and  retail  grocery  trade ;  four 
years  later,  he  removed  to  St.  Louis,  and 
established  himself  in  the  wholesale  gro- 
cery business ;  in  1844,  he  disposed  of 
his  business  in  St.  Louis,  and,  in  com- 
pany with  Mr.  L'a  Y.  Munn,   came  to 
Woodford    Co.,    and    established    three 
stores — one  at  Spring  Bay,  one  at  Bowl- 
ing Green,  and  one  at  3Ietamora ;  they 
engaged  in  a  general  merchandise  busi- 
ness, and  in  the  shipping  of  grain  and 
country  produce.     Mr.  Willard  took  up 
his    residence  at    Metamora,  where    he 
continued    to   reside  until   his  removal 
from  the  county.      After  a  time,  they 
disposed  of  the   Bowling    Green  store, 
and  dissolved  the  partnership,  Mr.  Munn 
becoming  the  sole  propiietor  of  the  store 
at  Spring  Bay.  and  Mr.  Willard  retain- 
ing the  Metamora  business.     He  soon 
after  established  three  branch  stores — 
one  at  Metamora,  and  two  in  the  interior 
of  the  county ;  and   after    a    period   of 
twelve  years,  running  four  stores,  and 
doing  a  general  credit  business,  he  closed 
out    his  business  with    not   over  seven 
hundred  dollars  of  uncollectible  accounts, 
a  fact  which  speaks  volumes  for  thein- 
tegrity  of  character  of  the  early  settlers 
of  the  citunty.  as  well  as  for  the  ability 
with  which   Mr.   Willard   manaued   his 
business  aifairs.     In  1856,  he  removed 
to   Chicago,  and,  with   Mr.  Munn,  built 
one  of  those  large  grain   elevators  for 
which  that  city  is  so  famous.     At  the 
end  of  the  year,  however,  he  disposed 
of  his  interest  and  returned  to  St.  Louis, 
where  he  engaged  with   his  brother-in- 
law  in  the  wholesale  groceiy  trade,  and 
did  a  ver}-  prosperous  business  until  the 
besinninu'  of  the  rebellion,  when,  owing 
to  the  military  restrictions  imposed,  he 
again  removed   to  Chicao'o ;    there  the 


wholesale  grocery  house  of  Willard  & 
Childs  was  estabHshed,  which  continued 
until  the  great  fire  of  1871,  in  which 
Mr.  Willard  suff'ered  a  loss  of  §75.000. 
The  firm  then  became  Willard.  Bacon  & 
Co..  and  so  remains  at  the  present  time. 
He  was  married  April  4,  1844.  to  MLss 
Elizabeth  0.sgood  Goodrich,  of  Pittsfield, 
Vt.,  who   was   educated    at  Wilbraham 
Academy,  Mass.,    and    Castleton  Acad- 
emy, Yt.  ;  she  was  a  lady  of   remark- 
able literary  ability  and  force  of  charac- 
ter, who  has  since  become  prominent  as 
an  author  and  lecturer ;  an  uncompro- 
mising opponent  of  wrong  and  oppres- 
sion in  all  its  forms.     She  died  Feb.  22^ 
1873.  leaving  four  children — Gardner 
G.,  a  graduate  of  Harvard  College,  and 
now   a   practicing  attorney  in  Chicago ; 
Wm.  H.,  a  druggist  at  Manistee.  Mich.; 
Monroe  L.,  also  a  graduate  of  Harvard 
and  a  law  student,  and  Clara  G.     Their 
third  son,  Charles  G..  was   drowned  in 
the  Mississippi  River,  at  St.  Louis,  in 
Nov.,  1858.     In  Nov.,  1874,  Mr.  Wil- 
lard   was   married    to    Mrs.    Elizabeth 
Daniels,  of  Chicago,  a  lady  of  refine- 
ment and  culture,  a  native  of  Milford, 
Mass.     Mr.  Willard  was  for  three  years 
President  of  the   Merchants'   Exchange 
of  Chicago ;  he  has   been    Director  of 
several  insurance  companies,   both    fire 
and  life  ;  a  Director  of  one  of  Chicago's 
largest  banks,  and  was  at  one  time  Presi- 
dent of  the  Northwestern  Silver  Ware 
Manufacturing   Company,    of    Chicago, 
with  a  paid  up  eash  capital  of  8200,000. 
In  1873,  he  was  elected  a  Member  and 
Director  of  the  Mississippi  Yalley   So- 
ciety for  the  promotion  of  direct  trade 
between  London   and    the    Mississippi 
Yallev. 

WHITMIRE,  JAMES  S.,  M.D., 

physician  and  surgeon  ;  born  in  Sidney, 
Shelby  Co.,  Ohio,  Dec.  13,  1821.  He 
was  reared  to  the  trade  of  a  tanner  and 
cun'ier.  and.  later,  to  that  of  a  shoe- 
maker, learning  his  trade  in  his  father's 
shoe  shop,  and  following  it  about  six 
years.  His  early  education  was  that  of 
the  common  school.  He  came  to  Illi- 
nois in  1840,  and,  after  quitting  the 
shoe  bench,  he  taught  school  in  Beards- 
town,  studying  medicine  at  the  same 
time.  He  afterward  taught  six  months 
in   Macomb.  111.,  after  which  he  contin- 


METAMORA  TOWNSHIP. 


513 


ued  the  study  <>f  medicine  under  the  in- 
struction of  Dr.  James  E.  Kyle,  of  Ma- 
comb. In  1846,  he  entered  the  medi- 
cal department  of  the  Illinois  Univer- 
sity, taking  his  degree  in  Feb.,  1847.  He 
then  removed  to  Metamora,  and  eno'aged 
in  practicing  medicine.  In  1850,  he 
wrote  a  thesis  on  '■  The  Antedotal  Prop- 
erties of  the  Tincture  of  Iodine  on  the 
Bite  of  the  Rattlesnake,"  for  which  he 
received  an  "  ad  eundum"'  degree  of 
M.  D.  from  Rush  Medical  College,  Chi- 
cago, in  Feb.,  1850.  After  practicing 
five  years,  he  attended  lectures  at  JefF- 
erson  Medical  College,  Philadelphia, 
during  the  ses.sion  of  1855-50,  receiving 
his  degree  from  that  institution  also. 
Durina;  the  rebellion,  he  entered  the 
army  as  Assistant  Surgeon  of  the  6th 
111.  Cav.,  and,  after  eight  months,  was 
promoted  to  Surgeon  of  the  56th  Vol. 
Infan.,  receiving  his  commission  from 
Gov.  Yates,  May  29, 1862.  His  moth- 
er's maiden  name  was  Odecker.  She 
was  of  Turkish  descent.  His  father  was 
of  German  descent.  Dr.  Whitmire  was 
married  July  4,  1846,  to  Miss  Sidney 
Robinson,  of  Morgan  Co.,  111.  They 
have  had  six  children,  four  of  whom  are 
livinir.  Dr.  Whitmire  voted  for  Henry 
Clay,  Whis,  in  1844  ;  Martin  Van 
Buren,  Free  Soil,  in  1848;  Winfield 
Scott,  Whig,  in  1852;  John  C.  Fremont, 
Republican,  in  1856  ;  Abraham  Lincoln, 
Republican,  in  1860  and  1864  ;  U.  S. 
Grant,  Republican,  in  1868  and  1872; 
R.  B.  Hayes,  Republican,  in  1876.  He 
was  a  Delegate  from  the  Eighth  Con- 
gressional District  to  the  National  Con- 
vention at  Chicago,  that  nominated 
Gen.  Grant. 

WHITMIRE,  J.  W.,  M.D.,  son  of 

the  above,  was  born  Oct.  25,  1851. 
After  receiving  a  liberal  English  educa- 
tion, he  read  medicine  four  years  in  his 
father's  office,  in  the  meantime  attend- 
ing two  courses  of  lectures  at  Rush 
Medical  College,  and  received  his  degree 
in  Feb.,  1877.  since  which  time  he  has 
been  in  partnership  with  his  father  in 
the  practice  of  medicine.  He  was  mar- 
ried Sept.  13,  1877,  to  Miss  Laura 
Northcut,  of  Christian  Co.,  111. 

Wilson,  H.  N.,  far.;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Woosley,  Wm.  F.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Wilkerson,  Wm.  H.,far.;  P.  0.  Metamora. 


Whorrall,  W.  H.,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Whorrall,  Thomas,  far. ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Weast,  Barbara  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Wolf,  Mrs.  Leanne  ;  P.  Q.  Metamora. 
Walthers.  Chas.,  barber  ;  P.  0.  Metam^Ta. 
Wethcrick,  Jno.,  far. ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Warren,   Thomas,  boarding  house ;   P.  0. 

Metamora. 
Wesstein,  Henry,  lab.  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

WERNERT,  CHAS.  TH.,  saloon 
and  dining  room  ;  was  born  in  Mar- 
lenheim,  France,  on  Oct.  14,  1845  ;  he 
received  his  education  principally  at 
Strasbourg;  he  entered  Ecole  Normale 
College  in  1860,  and  graduated  in  1865, 
after  which  he  followed  the  profession 
of  a  teacher  in  France  six  years.  He 
came  to  the  United  States  in  1870 ; 
spent  a  year  and  a  half  in  New  York 
City,  and  then  settled  in  Metamora, 
where  he  engaged  in  teaching  a  German 
and  French  select  school ;  he  is  the  or- 
ganist of  St.  Mary's  Church.  He  was 
married  June  23,  1868,  to  Miss  Catha- 
rine Sissung,  of  Schalbach,  France,  who 
was  born  on  May  20, 1846.  They  have 
one  child — Adolph. 

WALDEN,  T.  D.,  jeweler  and  dealer 
in  drugs  and  medicines ;  was  born  in 
Chautauqua  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  13,  1838  ; 
at  the  age  of  about  7  years  he  came 
with  his  parents  to  McHenry  Co.,  111., 
and  when  about  16  years  old  he  was 
apprenticed  to  a  jeweler;  in  1860,  he 
returned  to  his  native  county,  and  in 
1861  entered  the  Union  Army  as  a 
member  of  Company  D,  72d  N.  Y.  V., 
serving  during  the  Peninsular  Campaign 
under  Gen.  McClellan,  and  was  wound- 
ed at  the  battle  of  Williamsburg,  Va., 
in  consequence  of  which  he  received  his 
discharge  in  1862.  Returning  to  New 
York,  he  was  married  in  elune,  1862,  to 
Miss  Elizabeth  Griblin,  of  Fredonia,  N. 
Y. ;  and  removed  to  Marengo,  111.,  and 
the  following  Winter  settled  in  Meta- 
mora, and  entered  the  jewelry  business  ; 
about  four  years  ago  he  added  drugs 
and  groceries.  He  has  three  children — 
James  F.,  Lillie  May  and  Charles  W. 

WIKOPF,  ISAAC,  banker,  drug- 
gist and  grocery  dealer ;  born  in  Day- 
ton, Ohio,  Jan.  3d,  1836;  when  he  was 
9  years  old  he  came  with  his  parents  to 
Illinois,  settHng  near  Lacon,  Marshall 
Co.    He  removed  to  Metamora  in  1860, 


514 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


and  engaged  in  the  drug  business,  which 
he  continued  about  eight  years,  when 
the  firm  of  Wikofi'ifc  Bowen  was  formed. 
In  1870,  they  erected  the  brick  "building 
now  occupied  by  Mr.  Wikoff,  and  added 
the  banking  business.  He  was  married 
March  4, 1861,  to  Miss  Harriet  Ireland, 
of  Washburn,  111.,  who  was  born  in  La 
Porte,  Ind.,  July  14,  1839.  They  have 
four  children  —  Nellie  B.,  Lora  P., 
Frank  J.  and  Chas.  H.  Besides  his 
store,  Mr.  W.  owns  house  and  block  of 
land  in  Metamora,  and  a  farm  in  Mar- 
shall Co.,  in  all  A^alued  at  816,000. 
Whitmire,  Z.  H.,  phys. ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

WILLSON,  MARCELLUS  W., 

farmer  and  stock  raiser  ;  Sec.  10  ;  P.  0. 
Metamora  ;  was  born  in  Straiford   Co., 
N.  H.,  Jan.  12,  1830  ;  when  he  was  14 
years  old,   his  father's  family  came   to 
Woodford  Co.,  and  settled   on   a   farm 
adjoining  the  present  village  of  ^leta- 
mora  on  the  east.     He  was  married  Jan. 
8,  1856,  to  Miss  Patience  H.  Fairchild, 
who  was  born  in  Champaign  Co.,  Ohio, 
Feb.  28,  1832  ;  they  at  once  settled  on 
their  present  home  ;  they  have  one  child 
living — Emma  E. ;    owns  farm  of  160 
acres,  valued  at  S60  per  acre,  and   20 
acres  of  timber  ;  he  has  been  School  Di- 
rector for  the  past  ten  years,  and  has 
also  served  one  term  as  School  Trustee. 
WEBER,  PETER,  former  and  stock 
raiser ;  Sec.  23 ;  P.  0.  Metamora  ;   was 
born    in    Bavaria,    Germany,    Oct.    21, 
1815  ;  came  to    the    United    States    in 
1837,  spending    a   year    in    Cincinnati, 
and  settling  near  Germantown,  in  Worth 
Township, the  following  year,being  among 
the   early  settlers  of  that  township ;  in 
1866,  he  removed   to    Linn    Township, 
and  lived  there  until  his  removal  to  his 
present  home  in   1871.     He  was  mar- 
ried Nov.  20,  1844,  to  Miss    Elizabeth 
Seible,  of   Worth  Township,   who  was 
born  in  Bavaria,  July  11,  1822  ;  they 
have  eleven   children — Andrew,  Katie, 
George,    Elizabeth,    Henry,    Sophrona, 
Peter  Frank,  Gertrude,  Mary  Iphama, 
Elizabeth  Julia  and  John  Joseph  ;   Mr. 
Weber  owns  90  acres  of  land,  valued  at 
88,000. 


Wilson.  Elijah,  carp.;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

West,  Andrew,  teamster  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Wiles,  W.  T.,  fish  mer. ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Wilez,  Peter,  far.  and  brick  maker  ;  P.  0. 
Metamora. 

WEBER,  JACOB,  farmer  and  stock 
raiser ;  Sec.  27  ;  P.  0.  Metamora  ;  was 
horn  in  Germany,  March  17,  1824  ;  he 
came  to  the  United  States  in  1852,  and 
settled  in  Worth  Tp.,  where  he  resided 
until  1860,  and  then  removed  to  Roanoke 
Tp.  ;  he  settled  on  his  present  farm  in 
March,  1873 ;  he  owns  160  acres  in  his 
home  place,  valued  at  83,000,  and  20 
acres  of  timber  ;  he  was  married  in  1855, 
to  Miss  Kate  Knoblauch,  who  was  born 
in  Germany,  Oct.  30,  1828  ;  they  have 
ten  children — John  D.,  William,  Joseph, 
Barbara,  Lana,  Mary,  Elizabeth  C., 
Jacob.  Antone  B.  and  Josephine. 

WILSON,  L.  R.,  MRS.,  Sec  16; 
P.  0,  Metamora ;  was  born  in  Belknap 
Co.,  X.  H.,  Sept.  3,  1806;  she  is  a 
daughter  of  Joseph  Robinson,  of  that 
county;  she  was  mamed  March  14, 
1828,  to  the  late  S.  T.  Wilson,  who  was 
born  in  the  same  county,  Jan.  10,  1805  ; 
they  removed  to  Woodford  Co.  in  1844, 
settling  on  the  farm  now  owned  by  Mrs. 
Wilson  ;  Mr.  Wilson  died  Jan.  21, 1875  ; 
the  family  consists  of  six  children — 
Marcellus  W.,  Mary  E.,  Gorden  R., 
Hollis  X.,  Laura  R.  and  Albion  H. ; 
two  sons,  Milo  K.  and  Joseph  R.  died  in 
1847  and  1848  respectively;  Mrs.  Wilson 
owns  80  acres  of  land  adjoining  the  vil- 
lage of  Metamora,  valued  at  870  an  acre. 

WILSON,  HOLLIS  N.,  farmer; 
Sec.  16 ;  P.  0.  Metamora  ;  born  in  Gil- 
manton,  X.  H.,  May,  IS,  1843;  his 
parents  removing  to  Woodford  Co.  the 
following  year  ;  he  was  married  August 
27,  1867,  to  Miss  Elizabeth  J.  Newton, 
who  was  born  in  Columbus,  Ohio,  July 
22, 1842  ;  they  have  one  child — George 
A. ;  Mr.  Wilson  held  the  office  of  Town- 
ship Collector  in  1873. 

YOERGER,  MICHAEL,  farmer;  P. 
0.  Metamora. 
ZOLLER,  FRED.,  blacksmith  ;  P.  0. 
Metamora. 
Zimmerman,  J.  S.  lab. ;  P.  0.   Metamora. 


EL  PASO  TOWNSHIP. 


515 


EL   PASO   TOWNSHIP. 


ANTINET,  GUS.  restaurant;    P.  0. 
El  Paso. 
Adams,  J.  Q.,  pliys.  and  capitalist;  P.  0. 

El  Paso. 
Adams,  W.  T.,  Rev.  and  capitalist ;  P.  0. 

El  Paso. 
Anderson,  Jas.,  far.;  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Alexander,  T.,  mer.;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Adams,  T.  G.,  far.;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Albus,  Frank,  far.;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Arnold,  Martin,  far.;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

BURLINGIM,  W.  E.,  hardware  mer.; 
P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Bullock,  H.  W.,  speculator;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Bartlett,  W.  A.,  laborer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Baldwin,  J.  W..  R.  R.  man;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Burnett,  W.  I.,  R.  R.  man.;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Babbitt,  H.  R.,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Burtis,  J.  H.,  repairer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Barfoot,  Adam,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Brown,  W.  W.,  laborer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Batram,  J.  C,  plasterer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

BANK    OF    EL    PASO,    Shur, 

Tompkins  &  Co.,  established  in  August, 
1865.  Wm.  Shur  was  born  in  Wash- 
ington Co.,  Pa.,  in  Sept.,  1806.  He 
removed,  with  his  parents,  when  about 
8  years  old,  to  Morrow  Co.,  Ohio,  and 
settled  near  the  present  village  of  Ches- 
terville;  he  followed  farming  until  he 
became  of  age  and  then  enfraoed  in 
teaching  school  at  Martin sburg,  0.,  for 
two  years ;  he  then  entered  general  mer- 
chandising at  Chesterville,  where  he  re- 
mained until  March,  1867,  at  which 
time  he  came  to  El  Paso  and  engaged 
in  the  banking  business  with  John  G. 
Ferguson,  and  one  year  later  Mr.  Fer- 
guson retired  and  P.  H.  Tompkins  and 
A.  0.  Shur  became  partners  in  the  bank. 
Mr.  Shur  was  married,  in  1883,  to  Miss 
Marilla  Swetland,  of  Morrow  Co.,  Ohio; 
they  have  two  sons  living  and  tw^o  daugh- 
ters deceased.  He  has  been,  fir  a  num- 
ber of  years,  seriously  afflicted  with  the 
asthma,  and  since  Oct.,  1877,  has  been 
seeking  relief  among  the  mountains  of 
Colorado.  P.  H.  Tompkins  was  born  in 
Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  2,  1836,  and 
at  the  age  of  12  years  came,  with  his 
father's  family,  to  Lake  Co.,  111.,  where 
he  resided  until  1855;  he  then  removed  ; 


to  Panola  Tp.,  Woodford  Co.;  he  fol- 
lowed the  mercantile  business  at  Panola 
for  several  years,  and  about  seventeen 
years  ago  removed  to  El  Paso  and  en- 
gaged in  general  merchandising,  which 
he  still  continues,  as  a  member  of  the 
fii'm  of  Young  &  Tompkins;  in  1868, 
he  became  one  of  the  firm  of  Shur,  Tomp- 
kins &  Co.,  in  the  banking  business.  He 
was  married,  in  Dec,  1860,  to  Miss  Mary 
Hammers,  of  Panola  Tp.,  and  has  three 
children  living.  A.  0.  Shur  was  born 
in  Chesterville,  0.,  Jan.  4,  1837;  at  the 
age  of  16,  he  entered  a  store,  remaining 
two  years,  and  then  spent  about  three 
years  in  the  Ohio  University,  at  Dela- 
ware; he  was  then  cns-aeed  with  his 
father  in  looking  after  the  interests  of 
his  several  stores  at  Chesterville  and 
surrounding  towns  until  1861,  when  he 
was  employed  by  Jas.  S.  Trimble,  of  Mt. 
Gilead,  0.,  to  take  charge  of  his  dry 
goods  store,  and  after  one  year  was  made 
Cashier  of  Mr.  Trimble's  bank ;  he  after- 
ward spent  one  year  in  sheep  farming 
in  Iowa,  and  the  year  following  as  Cash- 
ier of  the  First  National  Bank  of  Mt. 
Gilead;  he  came  to  El  Paso  in  1867, 
and  the  next  year  became  a  partner  in 
the  banking  firm  of  Shur,  Tompkins  & 
Co.  He  was  married,  in  Oct.  1863,  to 
Miss  Hannah  I.  Weatherby,  at  Chester- 
ville, 0. ;  they  have  two  children.  Peter 
A.  Simmons  has  been  bookkeeper  of  this 
bank  since  June,  1867. 

Barfoot,  E.  A.,  butcher;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Bolby,  David,  prop,  boarding  house ;  P.  0. 
El  Paso. 

Brown,  M.  A.;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Bender,  Henry,  painter;  P.  O.  El  Paso. 

Brown,  J.   P.,  flour  and  feed;    P.  0.  El 
Paso. 

Bowman,  Jos.,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Bailey,  Wm.,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Bailey,  James,  farmer;  P.  0.  P]l  Paso. 

Brown,  J.  M.,  farmer  ;  P.  O.  El  Paso. 

Baufman,  J.  W.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El   Paso. 

Biebes,  Henry,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Blackmore,  J.  W.,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Bowman,  Peter,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Buel,  W.   H.,    prop,  billiard  hall ;    P.  0. 
El  Paso. 


516 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


BUSCH,  CHAS.,  dealer  in  flour  and 
feed  ;  was  born  in  Germany,  Feb.  6, 
1823  ;  came  to  the  United  States  in 
1849,  spending  about  a  3'ear  and  a  half 
in  Texas,  and  then  settled  in  Cincinnati, 
and  follow.,  d  box  making  for  three  years  ; 
li'.i  then  removed  to  Chicago  and  resided 
there  until  18G3;  engaged  in  various 
kinds  of  business ;  he  then  came  to  El 
Paso,  and  lived  there  three  years,  after 
which,  he  removed  to  Indiana,  return- 
ing in  1870  ;  on  the  10th  of  October, 
1859,  he  was  married  to  3Iiss  Mary 
Raben  of  Chicasio,  who  was  born  in 
Schleswig-Holstein,  Jan.  4,  1832 ; 
they  have  five  children — Charles  A., 
Benjamin,  Henry  E.,  Herman  T.  and 
Xicolae  W. 

Brewster,  C,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Bacon,  W.  D.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Bigger,  Jas.  H.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Kappa; 

Barsby,  Mrs.  E.,  P.  0.  Kappa. 

Brown,  Wm.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Kappa. 

Bodger,  J.  R.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Burnett,  C.  H.,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Bolinger,  Samuel,  farmer;   P.  0.  El  Paso. 

BROWN,  ADAM,  of  the  firm  of 
Christ  &  Brown,  manufacturers  of 
wagons  and  carriages  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso  ; 
was  born  near  Dayton,  Ohio,  Dec.  11, 
1838 ;  when  he  was  about  four  years 
of  age,  his  father's  family  removed  to 
Miami  Co.,  Ind.,  where  he  lived  until 
1856  ;  he  then  come  to  Washington, 
Tazewell  Co.,  111.,  and  resided  there  until 
he  came  to  El  Paso  in  1875  ;  he  was 
married  Dec.  12,  1865,  to  Miss  Salome 
Tobias,  of  El  Paso ;  they  have  three 
children — Benj.  F.,  Albertus  B.  and 
Lottie. 

Bay.  Wm.  E.,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Brewer,  Rebecca,  P.  0.  EI  Paso. 

Berg,  Peter,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 

Brewster,  Julia,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Burnett,  Caroline  AV.,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 

Bigger,  P.  H.,  farmer:  P.  0.  Kappa. 

Bennett,  Mrs.  E.,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Brown,  Cai-oline,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Brenn,  T.  H.,  butcher  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Bayue,   Caroline,  weaver ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

/^ASSELL,  M.  H.,  att'y;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Coleman,  H.  R.,  printer  ;    P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Collins,  Michael,  laborer;  P.  0.  El   Paso. 

CARRIER,     IRVING        Journal 

Co.j,  associate   editor    uf  the  El    Paso 


Journal  J  was  born  at  Hamilton,  Madi- 
son Co.,  N.  Y.,  1847  ;  commenced  in  the 
printing  business  under  T.  L.  James, 
now  Postmaster  at  New  York  City.  Re- 
moved to  3Iichigau  shortly  before  the 
war  :  served  in  Department  of  the  Cum- 
berland, in  23d  Mich.  Inf  Sold  half 
interest  in  job  office  of  Hadger  cN:  Car- 
rier, Detroit,  Mich.,  at  the  time  of  Chi- 
cago fire,  and  came  to  Illinois,  since 
which  time  he  has  established  and  pub- 
lished the  Marseilles  Advertiser,  Streator 
Free  Press  and  Alinonk  Times. 

COLEMAN,  H.  R.- Journal  Co.), 
associate  editor  of  the  El  Paso  Journal; 
was  born  in  Northeast,  Erie  Co..  Pa., 
in  1850  ;  went  into  the  printing  business 
in  1864.  and  has  followed  the  business, 
as  a  mechanic,  ever  since,  and  became 
interested  in  the  Journal  with  Mr. 
Carrier  in  Alarch.  86S. 

CHILDS,  HENRY,  retired  farmer, 
was  born  in  Middlesex  Co.,  Mass.,  Jan. 
31,  1817.  He  was  raised  in  Steuben 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  where  he  resided  until  1839, 
then  removed  to  Jennings  Co.,  Ind.,  and 
after  living  there  about  four  years,  he 
returned  to  Steuben  County.  He  came 
to  Woodford  County  in  1856.  Wrs  mar- 
ried in  1837  to  Miss  Polly  Howard,  who 
was  born  in  Steuben  County,  N.  Y.,  Oct. 
22, 1813;  they  have  three  children  living 
— Edwin,  Mary  (now  Mrs.  E.  K.  Stow- 
ell,  of  Monroe  Co.,  N.  Y.)  and  Wm.  0., 
of  Peoria  County,  111.  Mr.  Childs  has 
served  as  City  Supervisor  and  Township 
iiSscssor. 

CHILDS,  EDWIN,  Farmer  and 
Stock  Raiser;  Sec.  6;  P.  0.  El  Paso; 
was  born  in  Jennings  Co.,  Ind.,  May  6, 
1840  ;  when  he  was  about  three  years 
old,  his  father's  family  removed  to 
Steuben  Co.,  N.  Y.,  where  they  resided 
until  1856,  when  they  came  to  Wood- 
ford Co.  and  settled  in  El  Paso  Tp., 
then  Palestine ;  he  owns  80  acres  of 
land  valued  at  §4,000  ;  he  was  married 
Feb.  27,  1868,  to  Miss  Mary  A.  Mann, 
of  Kappa,  who  was  born  in  Middlesex 
Co..  Mass.,  Dec.  11.  1847  ;  thev  have 
one  child — Lillian.  Mr.  Childs  entered 
the  Union  Army  in  1862  as  a  member 
of  Co.  A,  86th  111.  Vols. :  was  taken 
prisoner  at  the  battle  of  Kenesaw 
Mountain,  Ga.,  and  mustered  out  with 
his  resiment  at  the  close  of  the  war. 


EL  PASO  TOWNSHIP. 


517 


Carleton,   F.  W..  ins.  agt.;  P.  0.  E!  Paso. 
Calhoun.  S.  v.,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Charis,  Chas.,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Clary,  Martin,  farmer ;   P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Clute,  Jane  E.,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Clatfelter,  Jos.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  El  Paso. 

CASSELL,  J.  J.,  of  the  firm  of  Chitty, 
Cassell  &  Gribson,  attorneys  at  law,  El 
Paso  and  Metamora,  is  a  native  of 
Woodford  County,  having  been  born  in 
Worth  Township,  Oct.  7,  1841  ;  he  re 
ceived  a  liberal  education,  entering  Ab- 
ingdon College,  111.,  in  18G0,  remaining 
there  two  years  ;  he  then  spent  one  year 
at  Eureka  College,  after  which  he  began 
the  study  of  law  in  the  ofiice  of  his 
father,  Robert  T.  Cassell,  and  then  at- 
tended the  Law  DejDartment  of  the 
University  of  Chicago,  receiving  his 
diploma  in  18G4,  which  admitted  him 
to  practice  in  the  courts  of  this  State. 
He  began  the  practice  of  his  profession 
at  Metamora  the  same  year,  and  in  1867, 
removed  to  El  Paso,  where  he  has  re- 
mained ever  since.  He  was  married  in 
July,  1868,  to  Miss  Mary  McNeal,  of 
Kalamazoo,  Mich.,  who  was  born  in 
Fry  burg,  Maine,  in  1843.  They  have 
two  children — Walter  W.  and  Ralph  J. 

Calahan,  J.  A.,  marb.  cutter;  P.O.  El  Paso. 

Calkins,  L.  S.,  carpenter  ;   P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Cable,  Henry,  sewing  machine  agent ;  P. 
0.  El  Paso. 

CHRIST,  JOHN,  of  the  firm  of 
Christ  &  Brown,  Manufacturers  of  Wag- 
ons and  Carriages,  wus  born  in  Lancas- 
ter Co.,  Pa.,  Jan.  28,  1853;  he  came 
with  his  parents  to  Illinois,  when  he 
was  three  years  old,  settling  in  Wash- 
ington, Tazewell  Co.  He  was  engaged 
in  farming  until  1874,  when,  attaining 
his  majority,  he  formed  a  partnership  in 
the  carriage  business  with  xVdam  Brown, 
and  in  1875,  they  established  their  bus- 
iness in  El  Paso. 

Clute,  C.  M.,  carpenter;    P.  0.   El   Paso. 

Case,  John,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

CABLE,  p.  S.,  Dealer  in  Hardware, 
Stuves,  Tinware,  etc.  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso ; 
was  born  in  Somerset  Co.,  Pa.,  April 
27,  1838 ;  when  about  eleven  years  of 
age,  he  removed  with  his  parents  to 
Wayne  Co.,  Ohio,  where  he  lived  about 
three  years,  returning  to  Pa.,  and  after- 
ward residing  again  for  awhile  in 
Wayne  Co. ;  he  came  to  111.   in   1856 


and  settled  in  McLean  Co. ;  in  1859,  he 
removed  to  El  Paso  and  followed  farm- 
ina;  and  teachino;  school  for  about  seven 
years,  and  then  spent  two  years  in  teach- 
ing exclusively ;  he  established  his 
present  business  in  Oct.,  1875,  the  firm 
being  Cable  &  Hebden,  and  in  July, 
1876,  he  became  sole  proprietor  ;  he  was 
married  Nov.  27,  1862,  to  Miss  Nancy 
J.  McHenry,  who  was  born  in  Rock- 
bridge Co.,  Va.,  Feb.  13,  1843  ;  they 
have  four  cbildren  living—Flora  0., 
Gcorgj  S.,  Albert  M.  and  Mary  H. 

Clark,  C.,  millinery;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Carroll,  Michael,  farmer ;  P,  0.  Kappa. 

Crusins,  Jacob,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Kappa. 

Crusins,  Geo.,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Chapman,  R.  U.,  phys. ;    P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Corbey,  Thos.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Kappa, 

CAMPBELL,  GEORGE  H.,  pro 

prietor  Campbell  House  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso  ; 
was  born  in  Monroe  Co.,  N.  Y.  Nov.  6, 
1837  ;  in  1856  he  came  to  Chicago  and 
shortly  afterward  went  to  Mendota  and 
entered  the  employ  of  the  Illinois  Cen- 
tral R.  R.  Co. ;  remaining  there  till  the 
Spring  of  1858,  after  which,  he  resided 
a  short  time  in  Lena,  III. ;  he  then  came 
to  El  Paso,  and  was  engaged  as  station 
agent  of  the  Illinois  Central  and  T.,  P. 
&  W.  Railroads  until  1869  ;  in  1862, 
he  built  the  Campbell  House  at  a  cost  of 
$10,000,  and  after  leaving  the  railroad 
ofiice  took  charge  of  the  same  ;  he  was 
married  Nov.  6,  1864,  to  Miss  Frances 
G.  Henry  of  El  Paso ;  who  was  born  in 
the  State  of  New  York,  Feb.  13,  1847  ; 
they  have  three  children — Ava  B., 
Harry  G.  and  Hugh  S. ;  he  has  served 
two  terms  as  a  member  of  the  City 
Council  of  El  Paso. 

Crow,  Bridget,  P.   0.  Kappa. 

Champion,  J.  K.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 

Corbit,  Pat.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 

CLOUD,  VIVIAN,  farmer  ;  P.  0. 
El  Paso;  was  born  in  Dearborn  Co., 
Ind.,  Oct.  16,  1812  ;  he  was  raised  to 
farming  pursuits,  which  he  has  followed 
all  his  life  ;  he  resided  in  Dearborn  Co. 
until  he  was  twenty-two  years  old,  and 
then  removed  to  Hamilton  Co.,  Ohio, 
where  he  remained  about  fifteen  years  ; 
he  came  to  Tazewell  Co.,  111.  in  1850, 
and  made  his  home  there  until  1868, 
when  he  removed  to  his  present  home 
in    El  Paso  ;     he   was   married  Feb.  7, 


518 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


1833.  to  Miss  S.  D.  Gibson  of  Dearborn 
Co.,  Ind.  who  was  born  in  Fayette  Co., 
Pa.,  Xov.  9,  1812  ;  they  have  three  chil- 
dren livinu' — Baylis,  now  residing  in 
Kansas  ;  Milton  H.,  an  attorney  at  law 
in  Ford  Co.,  111.,  and  Lottie  E.  ;  Mr. 
Cloud  owns  a  residence  and  15  acres  of 
land  in  El  Paso  and  a  farm  of  SO  acres 
in  Livinuston  Co.,  in  all  valued  at 
$8,000  ;  he  was  elected  Justice  of  the 
Peace  in  Tazewell  Co.  and  has  also  held 
the  offices  of  Assessor,  Township  School 
Trustee,  School  Treasurer  and  Commis- 
sioner of  Highways. 

Cronis,  Geo.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Curtis,  S.  T.,  tailor ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Cannon,  Jas.,  trader  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

COLE,  FREDERICK,  M.  D  .phy- 

sician  and  surgeon ;  P.  0.  Kl  Paso ;  was 
born  in  York  Co.,  Me.,  March  30, 
1829  ;  after  receiving  an  academic  edu- 
cation, he  came  to  Illinois  and  engaged 
in  teaching  ;  studied  medicine  at  Rock- 
ford,  111.,  and  graduated  at  Rush  Medi- 
cal College,  Chicago,  in  1865;  he  then 
entered  the  army  as  Assistant  Surgeon  of 
the  151st  111.  Vols.,  serving  until  the  close 
of  the  war  ;  on  his  return  he  practiced 
medicine  in  Henry  Co.  until  1867, 
when  he  removed  to  El  Paso  ;  in  1870. 
he  attended  the  Bellevue  Hospital  Medi- 
cal College,  N.  Y.,  and  received  the 
"ad  eundum "  degree  of  M.  D.  from 
that  institution  ;  he  was  married  in  1862, 
to  Miss  Lousia  J.  Wheeler  of  Rockford, 
111.  ;  he  has  been  Secretary  of  the 
Woodford  Co.  Medical  Association  since 
its  organization  in  1870  ;  he  is  also  Sec- 
retary of  the  North  Central  Medical 
Association,  and  a  member  of  the  State 
Medical  Society  and  of  the  American 
Medical  Association. 

Carney,  Jno  ,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Pa.so. 

Carver,  Wm.,  laborer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

CAVAN,  A.  M.,  Attorney  at  Law  ;  was 
born  in  Franklin  Co.,  Pa.,  May  12, 
1838 ;  when  he  was  about  ten  years  of 
age,  his  parents  removed  to  Jeiferson 
Co.,  Ind.,  residing  there  until  1850, 
when  they  settled  in  Sangamon  Co.,  Ill, 
He  came  to  El  Paso  in  1864;  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1867,  and  began 
practice  in  El  Paso.  The  .same  year,  he 
was  appointed  Assistant  V.  S.  Assessor 
for  the  Sixth  Division,  Eighth  District. 
He  was  elected  to  the  Legislature  from 


Woodford  Co.  in  1870  ;  he  was  married 
in  1863  to  Miss  Annie  M.  Rule,  of  Ogle 
Co.,  111.,  who  was  born  in  Pa.  in  1817; 
they  have  six  children — Mary  E.,  Jose- 
phine, William.  John  A.,  Hattie  and 
Ida  J. 

Crow,  Hubert,  farmer.  Kappa. 

Crow.  John,  farmer.  Kappa. 

CASSELL,  ROBERT  T.,  retired; 
was  born  in  Lexington,  Ky.,  Oct.  26, 
1816  ;  he  attended  the  public  schools 
of  his  native  city  until  the  ago  of  16 
years,  and  was  then  engaged  in  farming 
until  1830,  when  his  father's  familv  re- 
moved  to  Morgan  Co.,  111.  He  was 
married,  in  1831,  to  Miss  Nancy  But- 
ler, of  Island  Grove,  Sangamon  Co., 
111.,  who  was  born  in  Adair  Co.,  Ky., 
in  1818.  They  had  one  son — Wm.  J., 
now  of  Metamora.  Mrs.  Cassell  died 
in  1837,  and  in  1838  he  came  to  Wood- 
ford Co.,  to  look  after  the  interests  of 
his  father,  who  had  died  just  previously. 
He  was  married  again  Nov.  1,  1839, 
to  Miss  Rebecca  Perry,  who  was  born 
in  Chester  Co.,  Pa.,  in  1818.  They 
have  seven  children — Eliza  J.  (now 
Mrs.  0.  P.  Richards,  of  Eureka),  Jo- 
seph J.,  Maria  (now  the  wife  of  John 
T.  Harper,  of  El  Paso),  Frank  (now 
in  the  revenue  service  of  the  Govern- 
ment at  Pekin.  Ill.\  Lydia  (now  Mrs. 
W.  S.  Gibson,  of  El  Pasoj,  Martin  H. 
and  Sarah  F.  Mr.  Cassell  completed 
his  law  studies  with  Judge  Jones,  of 
Pekin,  and  was  admitted  to  practice  in 
1857,  and  commenced  practice  in  Meta- 
mora ;  he  was  elected  Justice  of  the 
Peace  the  same  year,  holding  the  office 
eight  years.  In  1868,  he  represented 
his  district  in  the  State  Legislature,  and 
soon  after  was  appointed  U.  S.  Treas- 
ury Agent.  He  removed  to  Eureka, 
where  his  wife  died  in  1871.  He  then 
disposed  of  his  property  there,  and  set- 
tled in  El  Paso,  where  he  now  resides. 

Castle,  L.  A.  lumberman :   P.  0.  El  Pa.so. 

DWYER,  PATRICK,  farmer ;  P.  0. 
Kappa. 
Drake.  John,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Doren.  Owen,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Davis,  C.  W.;  preacher;   P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Dorwood,  Mary,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Davidson,  W.  J.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Kappa. 
Davidson,  I.  E.,  farmer  i  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Damman,  Henry,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 


EL  PASO  TOAVNSHIP. 


519 


DIX,  J.  A.,  of  the  firm  of  O'Brien  & 
Co.,   dealers    in    farm   machinery   etc.,; 
was  born  in  Windham  Co.,  Vt.,  Feb.  18, 
1831;    his  parents    settled    in   Clarion, 
Bureau   Co.,  111.,  when  he  was  7   years 
of  age ;  he  remained  at  home  until  the 
age  of  18  years,   when,   becoming   dis- 
satisfied with  the  country  and  farm  life, 
he  started  afoot  and  alone  for  California 
to   seek  his  fortune  in   the  newly  dis- 
covered gold  fields  of  that  State.     This  I 
was  in   1852.     He   walked   the    entire  ; 
distance  from   St.  Joseph,  Mo.,  to   San  I 
Francisco ;    he  returned   in   1856,   and 
spent  two  years  attending  school  at  Mt.   j 
Morris  Academy,    Ogle   Co.,  111.      He 
was    married  Feb.    18,    1858,    to   Miss 
M.  A.  Marston,  of  Biddeford,  Me.,  and 
at  once  settled  on  a  farm  at  El  Paso ;  he 
has  been  engaged  in  fiirming  and  in  the  ' 
grain  and  agricultural  implement  trade 
up  to  the  present  time.     He  has  three 
children   living  —  Ellen   A.,  George  L. 
and  Clara  E. 
Davidson,  E.  A.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Dixon,  Smith,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Dunmire,  Daniel,  farmer;  P.O.  Kappa. 
Dunmire,  J.  W.,  filmier;   P.  0.  Kappa. 
Dixon,  Isaac,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Dorsey,  A.  C,  plasterer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Dorsey,  Wm.,  plasterer  ;   P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Danner,   Jacob,  wagon  maker ;  P.  0.   El 

Paso. 
Doyle,  Thomas,  clerk  ;   P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Donahue,  Tim.,  trackman  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Dorsey,  Milton,  baggage  master ;  P.  0.  El 

Paaso. 
Dunn,  J.  M.,  merchant;   P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Denman,  R.  J.  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Dehority,  G.  W.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Davitt,  John,  section  hand  ;  F.  0.  El  Paso. 
DENMAN,  W.  S.,  farmer  and  stock 
raiser;    Sec.  7 ;    P.   0.   El   Paso;    was 
born  in  Essex  Co.,  N.  J.,  Dec.  7,  1807. 
He  made  his  home  there  until  1812, 
when   he  came  to  111.,  and    settled    in 
Tazewell  Co.,  where  he  followed  farming 
a   couple  of  years,  and  then  engaged  in 
the  hotel  business  in  Fremont,  Tvhich  he 
followed  about  four  years.     He  then  re- 
moved to  Bowling  Green,  and  followed 
merchandising  and  flouring-mill  business 
about  eight  years,  settling  on  his  present 
farm  in   El   Paso,   in   1856.      He  was 
married  Oct.  21,  1829,  to  Miss  Ruth  J. 
Munn,  of  Orange,  N.  J.,  who  was  born 


July  9,  1811.  They  have  three  chil- 
dren living — Theodore  A.,  Mary  E.,  and 
William  C.  Mr.  Denman  owns  a  farm 
of  160  acres  adjoining  the  city  limits  of 
El  Paso,  valued  at  $fo,100. 

ELLENBERGER,  R.,  retired ;    P.  0. 
El  Paso. 
Evans,  David,  grain  dealer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Earnest,  Josiah,  plasterer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

FISHBURN,  J.   M.,  teacher;    P.  0. 
El  Paso. 

Fishburn,  Jno.  T.,  carp. ;    P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Fishburn,  Jas.  M.;  dentist ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Feely,  Cecelia ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Fitzgerald,  M.,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Follenweider,  Jno.,  far. ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Fuller,  C.  H.,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Fix,  Jacob,  brewer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Ferrell,  J.  P.,  merchant;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Ferrell,  Jas.  P.,  merch. ;   P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Ferrell,  S.  M. ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Filer,  Jno.,  teamster;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Fiester,  Mary ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Fiester,  Thos.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

French,  Masgie  E. ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 

FERRELL,  B.  F.,  of  the  firm  of 
B.  F.  Ferrell  &  Co.,  dealers  in 
general  merchandise  ;  was  born  in 
Wetzel  Co.,  West  Virginia,  June  11, 
1853.  His  father,  J.  P.  Ferrell,  was  a 
merchant  in  that  State,  and  in  1865, 
came  to  El  Paso  and  opened  a  general 
store.  His  son  was  therefore  raised  to 
the  business  of  merchandising,  and  on 
the  retirement  of  his  father,  in  1873, 
succeeded  to  the  business,  the  firm  be- 
ing Ferrell  Bros.  In  1876,  his  brother 
retired,  and  the  firm  is  now  B.  F.  Fer- 
rell &  Co.  They  carry  a  well-selected 
stock  of  about  810,000.  He  was  mar- 
ried July  21,  1872,  to  Miss  Hattie  Hub- 
bard, of  El  Paso.  They  have  one 
child — George.  In  1875,  he  was 
elected  Township  Collector,  holding  the 
office  one  term. 

r^  ROSS,  HENRY,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Kappa, 

Glass,  Samuel,  far.  ;   P.  0.  Kappa. 
Gull,  Jonathan,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Grant,  Joseph,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Gough,  W.  R.  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Gibson,  W.  W.,  attorney  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Griner,  George,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Geiger,  Chris.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Gould,  L.  B.,  orijan  dlr. ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Grafi"t,  B.  G.,  P.'^O.  El  Paso. 


520 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WUODFORD  COUNTV 


GIBSON,  GEO.  L.,  dealer  iu  real 
estate  ;  one  of  the  original  proprietors 
of  El  Paso  ;  was  born  iu  Fayette  Co., 
Pa.,  Oct.  2,  1818.  He  came  with  his 
parents  to  Illinois  in  1831,  and  settled 
in  Tazewell  Co.,  about  three  miles  above 
Peoria,  then  Fort  Clarke.  His  father 
died  the  following  year,  leaving  a  fam- 
ily of  nine  children,  the  eldest  of  whom 
was  George  L.,  then  but  15  years  old. 
He  remained  on  the  homestead  until  he 
was  25  years  of  age.  His  first  busi- 
ness venture  after  leaving  the  farm  was 
to  build  a  couple  of  flatboats.  and  en- 
gage in  trading  along  the  Lower  Missis- 
sippi. He  then  followed  the  warehouse 
and  commission  business  at  Wesley  City 
four  years,  and  afterward  removed  to 
Washington.  111.,  where  he  engaged  in 
merchandising  until  1849.  He  then 
made  the  overland  trip  to  California,  re- 
turning in  April,  1851.  In  the  Fall  of 
that  year,  he  engazed  in  the  lumber 
business  at  Henrv,  111.,  and  at  the  same 
time  entered  160  acres  of  land,  com- 
prising the  portion  of  the  city  of  El 
.  Paso  lying  east  of  the  111.  Cent.  R.  R. 
In  185-4,  he  laid  it  out  into  town  lots, 
and  in  1857,  removed  with  his  family 
to  the  new  city,  since  which  time  he  has 
been  closely  identified  with  its  history. 
He  was  married  June  1,  1843,  to  Miss 
Matilda  H.  Heath,  daughter  of  William 
and  Susan  Heath.  She  was  born  in 
Muskingum  Co.,  Ohio,  Feb.  5,  1825, 
and  died  Feb.  23,  1872,  leaving  five 
children — William  W. ;  Sierra  Nevada, 
now  Mrs.  Hereford,  of  Peoria  ;  Katie, 
May  and  George  F.  Mr.  Gibson  has 
served  two  terms  as  Mayor  of  El  Paso. 
and  several  terms  as  member  of  the 
City  Council. 

Grifl&n,  Juhu,  section  hand  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Gardner,  E.  A.,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Glenn,  James,  saloon  :   P.  0.   El  Paso. 

GIBSON,  WALTER  S.,  attorney 
at  law,  of  the  firm  of  Chitty,  Cassell  h 
Gibson;  was  born  in  Fayette  Co.,  Pa., 
Nov.  29,  1849 ;  when  he  was  quite 
young  his  parents  removed  to  Tazewell 
Co.,  111.,  where  he  lived  until  he  was 
thirteen  years  old,  when  he  removed 
with  his  mother  to  Peoria :  here  he 
attended  school  a  few  years  and  entered 
Eureka  College  in  1867,  remaining  there 
nearly  four  years  ;  he  then  read  law  in 


the  ofl&ce  of  Julius  Starr,  of  Peoria; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1871,  and  in 
1873,  settled  at  El  Paso,  and  engaged 
in  practicing  law ;  he  was  selected  City 
Attorney  of  El  Paso  in  1S74,  which 
office  he  still  holds ;  he  wa.s  married 
Dec.  1:^,  1872.  to  Miss  Lvdia  Cassell. 
daughter  of  Robert  T.  Cassell,  of  El 
Paso  ;  they  have  two  children. 

Geiger.  John,  saloon :  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Goebel.  Geo.,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Granaer.  Geo.  H.,  painter:  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

GINGERICH,  DANIEL,  saloon; 

was  born  in  Germany  April  29.  1832; 
■  in  1852  he  came  to  Tazewell  Co.,  111., 
and  about  two  years  later  went  to  Peoria, 
and  remained  there  until  1863;  he  then 
removed  to  Bowling  Green  and  built  a 
distillery,  which  he  run  about  four 
years,  together  with  a  flouring-mill 
which  he  had  purchased :  he  engaged  in 
farming  from  1867  till  1873.  when  he 
came  to  El  Paso  and  opened  his  present 
business  ;  he  was  married  in  1856  to 
Miss  Adelia  Engel,  who  was  born  in 
France  in  1 835  ;  she  died  soon  after  his 
removal  lO  El  Paso,  and  in  Aug.,  1874, 
he  married  Mi.ss  Missouri  B.  Batemau, 
who  was  born  in  Metamova  Township, 
in  June,  1857  ;  they  have  two  children 
— Peter  N.  and  Louisa  C. 

Gaunt,  James,  blacksmith ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Grant,  S.,  carpenter;   P.  0.  Kappa. 

Grooms,  A.,  laborer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

HENTHORN,  CHAS.,  farmer:  P.O. 
El  Paso. 

Hogan.  Edward,  farmer :  P.  0.  Kappa. 

Havs.  A.  T..  farmer:   P.  0.  Kappa. 

HOAGLAND,  W,  K.,  dealer  in 
agricultural  implements  and  seeds :  was 
born  in  Somerset  Co.,  N.  J.,  March  27, 
1836  :  he  was  married  Nov.  IS.  1857, 
to  Miss  Joanna  31.  Du  Mont,  of  Somer- 
sett  Co. :  they  had  three  children — 
Anna,  Mary  B.  and  Edward  D.:  his 
wife  died  in  Aug.,  1863  :  in  1861  he 
came  to  Chicago  and  engaged  in  the 
produce  commission,  and  atUrward  in 
the  real  estate  business,  remaining  there 
until  1868,  when  he  se  tied  in  El  Paso 
as  the  agent  of  the  American  Express 
Co.,  in  whose  employ  he  had  been  in 
Chicago ;  he  held  this  position  until  the 
Winter  of  1876-7 ;  he  purchased  the 
business  of  Seery  &  Rouse  in  1875 ;  he 
was  married,  iu  1866,  to  Miss  3Iartha 


EL  PASO  TOWNSHIP. 


521 


J.  Bonney,  of  Chicago  ;  they  have  two 
children  living — Caroline  and  Milton  ; 
he  has  been  School  Director  for  the  past 
five  years,  and  has  passed  one  term  in 
the  City  Council  of  El  Paso. 

Hitch,  Harry,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Huguet,  Maurice,  farmer;  P.O.   El  Paso. 

Hanthorn,  G.,  Jr.,  farmer ;    P.  0.  El  Paso. 

HOAGLAND,  C.  S.,  agent  Ameri- 
can and  United  States  Express  Cos., 
El  Paso ;  was  born  io  Somerset  Co., 
N.  J.,  Aug.  11,  1851  ;  at  the  age  of 
twelve  years  he  came  with  his  father's 
family  to  111.,  settling  in  Chicago;  he 
came  to  El  Paso  in  March,  187-1,  as 
agent  of  the  U.  S.  Ex.  Co.,  and  in 
1877,  the  two  ofl&ces  being  consolidated, 
he  became  the  agent  of  both  companies  ; 
he  was  married  Aug.  5,  1875,  to  Miss 
Mary  A.Adams,  daughter  of  Dr.  J.  Q. 
Adams,  of  El  Paso ;  she  was  born  in 
Ohio,  Feb.  22,  1857  ;  they  have  two 
children  ;  he  is  engaged  in  the  insurance 
business,  representing  the  Springfield 
Fire  and  Marine  Co.  of  Mass.,  the 
British  America  of  Toronto,  and  other 
companies. 

Hitch,  Robert,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Higgins,  John  H.,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Hynes,  Michael,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 

Hebden,  Wm.,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Holmes,  C.  S.,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

HITCH,  C.  J.,  Sec'y  and  Business 
Manager  of  the  Woodford  Co.  Coopera- 
tive Association ;  was  born  in  the  Co. 
of  Norfolk,  England,  March  1,  1842; 
he  came  to  the  United  States  in  April, 
1861,  settling  in  El  Paso  Tp.,  Wood- 
ford Co.,  and  engaged  in  farming  until 
Aug.  of  that  year,  and  then  entered  the 
Union  Army  as  a  member  of  Co.  G, 
4th  111.  Vol.  Cavalry,  serving  until  the 
close  of  the  war ;  on  his  return  he  en- 
gaged in  farming,  which  he  continued 
until  he  entered  his  present  position  ; 
he  owns  a  farm  of  80  acres,  two  and  a 
half  miles  from  the  city,  valued  at 
$4,000  ;  he  was  married  Sept.  26,  1866, 
to  Miss  Mary  A.  Woolen,  who  was  born 

.  in  Hudson  Tp.,  McLean  Co.,  in  Nov., 
1846  ;  they  have  five  children — Robert, 
Elizabeth  J.,  Mary  E.,  Charles  and 
Sadie ;  Mr.  Hitch  has  served  seven 
years  as  School  Director,  and  is  at 
present  Commissioner  of  Highways. 

Hankey,  Jos.,  teamster  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 


HARPER,  JOHN  T.,  attorney  at 
law ;  P.  0.  El  Paso ;  was  born  in  La 
Fayette  Co.,  Ind.,  Nov.  20,  1840;  he 
was  raised  on  the  farm  at  the  carpenter's 
trade,  attending  school  during  the  Win- 
ters, and  when  18  years  of  age  began 
teaching,  which  he  continued  a  short 
time ;  in  1850,  his  father  removed  to 
Onarga,  111.,  and  about  three  years  later 
came  to  Woodford  Co.,  and  engaged  ex- 
tensively in  farming  and  stock  raising 
in  Greene  Township.  On  the.  breaking- 
out  of  the  rebellion,  Mr.  Harper  entered 
the  4th  111.  Cav.,  was  elected  Sec- 
ond Lieutenant  of  Co.  G,  most  of 
whose  members  were  recruited  by  him. 
He  was  promoted  to  First  Lieutenant  at 
the  battle  of  Fort  Donelson,  and  bre- 
veted Colonel  after  the  battle  of  Shiloh  ; 
he  remained  in  active  service,  partici- 
pating in  all  the  battles  of  his  regiment, 
until  by  extreme  exposure  and  over 
work  he  was  prostrated  with  typhoid 
fever,  and  after  lying  ill  a  long  time, 
was  finally  compelled  to  retire ;  he  con- 
tracted a  disease  of  the  lungs,  from 
which  he  has  not  yet  recovered.  After 
the  war,  he  read  law,  and  graduated  at 
the  Chicago  Law  School  (Northwestern 
LTniversity),  and  began  practice  in  El 
Paso  in  1865,  forming  a  partnership 
with  Col.  R.  G.  Ingersoll,  of  Peoria, 
and  J.  J.  Cassell,  of  Metamora,  which 
lasted  until  1870,  when  the  firm  became 
Harper  &  Cassell,  the  latter  gentleman 
removing  to  El  Paso ;  the  pai'tnership 
continued  until  1874,  since  which  time 
Mr.  Harper  has  been  alone. 

Hewett,  J.  T.,  laborer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Hazen,  A.,  coal  and  grain  dlr.;  P.O.  El  Paso. 

Hennins:,  Adam,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Hitch,  Mary  A.,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Harris,  E.  M.,  laborer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

HARPER  &  ADAMS,  Real  Estate 
and  Loan  Agents ;  Office  East  Side 
Illinois  Central  Railroad;  P.  0.  El 
Paso  ;  Farms  bought  and  sold  on  rea- 
sonable terms  ;  we  also  make  collections 
in  this  and  adjoining  counties ;  any  in- 
formation as  to  Real  Estate  in  this  sec- 
tion of  country  cheerfully  given. 

Holcomb,  A.,  laborer;    P.  0.   El  Paso. 

Haerer,  G.,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Harper,  P.  B.,  lumberman  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Hawthurn,  Alex.,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Helm,  Mrs.  T.,  P.  0.  El  Pa^o. 


522 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY: 


Hetrick,  Martha,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Harper,  C.  L.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  EI  Paso. 

Hayward,  S.  K..  clerk  ;   P.  0.  El  Paso. 

HALL,  HIRAM,  former  and  stock 
raiser  ;  P.  0.  Kappa  ;  was  born  in  Ot- 
sego Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  30,  1813  ;  when 
he  Avas  2  years  of  age,  his  parents  re- 
moved to  Vermont ;  here  he  learned 
the  trade  of  a  carj^enter  and  builder  ;  at 
the  age  of  21  years,  he  removed  to 
Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y.,  where  he  was  mar- 
ried, in  Jan.,  1837,  to  Miss  Mary  A. 
Jaynes,  who  was  born  in  Otsego  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  Aug.  25,  1820;  they  have  three 
children  living — Hiram  H.,  Cleo  Belle 
and  John  C. ;  one  son,  James  Leroy, 
died  at  the  age  of  8  years ;  Mr.  Hall 
removed  from  Oneida  Co.  to  Rochester, 
N.  Y.,  and  a  year  later  to  Chicago  ; 
there  he  resided  twelve  years,  coming 
to  Kappa  in  1S65,  and  engaged  in  farm- 
ing ;  he  owns  about  a  hundred  acres  of 
land,  valued  at  S8,000  ;  during  his  life  as 
a  Imilder,  Mr.  Hall  was  an  extensive  con- 
tractor ;  he  was  engaged  for  ten  years 
with  the  New  York  Central  E.  R.  Co., 
in  building  by  contract  the  freight  and 
station  houses  along  the  line  ;  he  also 
built  several  of  the  largest  blocks  ia  Chi- 
cago, as  well  as  the  Northwestern  Uni- 
versity, at  Evauston,  and  the  residences 
of  Gov.  Evans,  Judge  Goodrich  and 
many  others. 

Hogan,  William,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Hanna,  J.  H.,  clerk ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Harper,  J.  M.,  dealer  in  patent  rights ;  P. 
0.  El  Paso. 

HOTCHKISS,  G.  U.,  farmer  ;  was 
born  in  Hartford  Co.,  Conn.,  Feb.  23, 
1820  ;  at  the  age  of  1-4  years,  he  went 
to  Baltimore  and  obtained  a  situation  as 
clerk  in  the  wholesale  boot  and  shoe 
bouse  of  Farrington  &  Hotchkiss,  where 
he  remained  four  years ;  he  then  re- 
turned home  and  one  year  later,  came 
with  his  father's  family  to  Henry  Co., 
111.,  and  settled  on  a  farm  on  the  site 
of  the  present  village  of  Kewanee  ;  this 
was  in  1839.  He  was  married  Oct.  26, 
18-12,  to  Miss  Elizabeth  Y.  Delmas, 
who  was  born  in  Harford  Co.,  Md., 
Oct.  12,  1820  ;  his  family  consists  of 
seven  children — Frank  Z.,  Grove  U., 
Jr.,  Theodore  W.,  Josephine,  Jay 
Phelps,  Charles  N.,  and  Ella  Y. ;  Mr. 
Hotchkiss  removed  to  Peoria  in    1847, 


and  to  Woodford  Co.,  in  1865,  settling 
in  Palestine  Township;  in  1870,  he 
came  to  El  Paso,  where  he  owns  84  acres 
of  land,  inside  the  city  limits,  valued  at 
$5,000. 

Hayward,  Ed.,  soda  water  mfr.  ;  P.  0.  El 
Paso 

Hubbard,  Geo.    W,.  far. ;  P.  0.  El    Paso. 

H  ANTHORN,  GEORGE,  fanm  r ; 
Sec.  21  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso  ;  was  born  in 
Cumberland  Co.,  N.  J.,  May  8,  1808. 
He  was  married  in  Oct.,  1833,  to  Miss 
Jane  M click,  of  Cumberland  Co.,  who 
was  born  in  Warren  Co.,  N.  J.,  Dec.  6, 
1805;  they  have  five  children  living — 
Hannah,  Charles,  Elizabeth,  George  and 
Richard  ;  Mr.  Hanthorn  resided  in  Cum- 
berland Co.,  until  about  1846,  when  he 
removed  to  Salem  Co.,  N.  J.,  where  he 
lived  thirteen  years ;  he  then  came  to 
Woodford  Co.,  111.,  and  settled  on  his 
present  home  in  1861  ;  he  owns  160 
acres  of  land  in  his  home  farm,  valued 
at  $8,000,  and  also  owns  half  a  section 
in  Kansas. 

Hostetter,  S.  U.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 

Houston,  J.  F.,  carp.  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Harper,  Wm.  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

yONES,  C,  far.,  P.  0.  Kappa. 

Jenkins  &  Evans,  grain  dealers  ;  P.  0. 
El  Paso. 

JENKINS,  WM.  M,,  of  the  firm  of 
Jenkins  &  Evans,  dealers  in  grain, 
flour  and  feed;  was  born  in  Lancaster 
Co.,  Pa.,  March  23,  1814.  He  is  of 
Welch  decent,  a  large  portion  of  Lan- 
caster Co.  being  originally  settled  about 
the  year  1700  by  a  colony  of  Welch 
immigrants,  who  located  on  the  head 
waters  of  the  Conestoga  River ;  he 
came  to  Illinois  in  1837,  took  up  a  farm 
in  Peoria  Co.  and  erected  a  saw-mill, 
supplying  the  country  with  lumber  for 
many  miles  around ;  he  built  a  log 
cabin  where  he  and  his  brother  kept 
batchelor's  hall  until  1852 ;  he  then 
engaged  in  trade  in  the  village  of 
Kickapoo,  and  in  1856  removed  his 
business  to  El  Paso  and  built  his  pres- 
ent store ;  he  was  married  in  1862  to 
Miss  Mary  S.  Bainbridge,  of  El  Paso, 
who  was  born  in  London,  Eng.,  in  1835. 
They  have  two  children  living — David 
H.  and  Frederick  M.  Mr.  Jenkins  was 
the  first  Postmaster  in  El  Paso. 


EL  PASO   TOWNSHIP. 


523 


Jenkins,  Isaac,  far.,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Jones,  Charles,  retired  ;  P.  O.  El  Paso. 

Jenkins,  W.  W.,  grain  dealer  ;  P.  0.  El 
Paso. 

Jordan,   Thos.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Kappa. 

Jones,    W.   C,  tel.  opi".  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

James,  T.  F.,  book  aot.  ;  P.   0.   El  Paso. 

JAYNES,  JAMES,  farmer  and 
stock  raiser  and  dealer  in  g  rain  ;  P. 
0.  Kappa ;  he  was  one  of  the  early 
settlers  of  the  township ;  was  born  in 
Otsego  Co.,  N.  Y.,  July  28,  1828;  he 
resided  when  a  boy  in  Ondeia  and 
Madison  Counties,  and  in  1852  came 
to  Illinois,  and  after  spending  one  year 
just  across  the  line  in  McLean  Co. 
settled  in  Kappa  in  1853.  During  his 
residence  here  he  has  been  engaged 
in  farming,  stock  raising,  milling,  deal- 
ing in  grain,  etc.  ;  besides  his  property 
in  the  village,  he  owns  two  farms  in  the 
vicinity,  one  of  240  acres  and  the  other 
of  30  acres,  valued  in  all  at  some  $15,- 
000.  He  is  quite  largely  interested  in 
stock  raising,  having  at  the  present  time 
over  sixty  head  of  cattle.  During  the 
past  Winter  he  has  stored  for  market 
nearly  thirty  thousand  bushels  of  corn. 
He  was  married  Aug.  25,  1857,  to  Miss 
Mary  H.  Powell,  of  Kappa,  who  was 
born  in  Worcester  Co.,  Md.,  Feb.  14, 
1839.  They  have  four  children  living 
— James  A.,  Lizzie,  Isaac  D.  and  Mary 
0.  Mr.  Jaynes  has  been  Notary  Pub- 
lic for  the  past  twelve  years. 

Johnston,  W.  A.,  hardware;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Jacobs,  Fred,  miller  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Johnson,  W.  G.,  carp.  ;    P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Jones,  Cushings,  far. ;   P.  0.  Kappa. 

Jones,  J.  H.,  P.  0.  Kappa. 

TT^EARNEY,  JNO.  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Kidd,  Jno.  P.  farmer,  P.O.  El  Paso. 
Kenny,  Daniel,  farmer,  P   0.  Kappa. 
King,  Samuel,  farmer,  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Kensing,  Jno.,  laborer,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

KEATING,  REV.    THOS.    S., 

Pastor  of  St.  Mary's  Church.  El  Paso, 
and  St.  Patrick's  Church,  Minonk  ;  was 
born  on  the  21st  of  Dec,  1846.  In 
Sept.,  1860,  he  entered  St.  Mary's  Sem- 
inary at  Perryville,  Mo.,  remaining 
there  four  years ;  he  then  spent  two 
years  in  the  University  of  Chicago,  from 
which  institution  he  went  to  Mt.  St. 
Mary's     College,     Emmetsburg,     Md., 


completing  his  ecclesiastical  studies 
there  in  1870.  He  was  ordained  a 
clergyman  of  the  Catholic  Church  Aug. 
19, "l 870,  by  the  Right  Rev.  Thomas 
Foley,  of  Chicago.  He  was  assigned  to 
the  cathedral  in  Chicago,  remaining 
there  one  year.  He  afterward  acted 
as  assistant  to  the  Very  Rev.  Dean 
Terry,  of  Ottawa,  111.  He  left  that 
position  for  W^ilmington,  111.,  where  he 
remained  from  Aug.,  1873,  to  Aug. 
the  following  year,  when  he  was  assigned 
to  the  pastoral  charge  of  the  church  at 
El  Paso  and  Minonk. 

Kring,  Daniel,  farmer,  P.  0.  Kappa. 

Keefer,  H.  H.  M.  farmer,  P.  0.  Kappa. 

King,  E.  H.,  livery,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Kesler,  Adam,  laborer,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Kearney,  A.  S.  grocer,  P.  O.El  Paso. 

Kelcher,  Patrick,  retired,  P.    3    EI  Paso. 

KURZ,  LOUIS,  manufacturer  and 
dealer  in  boots  and  shoes  ;  was  born  in 
Wurtemburg,  Grermany,  Jan.  1,  1850. 
He  was  apprenticed  to  the  trade  of  a 
shoemaker  at  the  age  of  14  years  ;  came 
to  the  United  States  in  1868,  spending 
about  a  year  in  Iroquois  Co.,  a  few 
mouths  in  Washington,  Tazewell  Co., 
and  about  a  year  in  Peoria  Co.  He 
came  to  EI  Paso  in  1870,  and  estab- 
lished his  present  business  Sept.  1, 
1875.  He  was  married  Sept.  26,  1875, 
to  Miss  Theresa  Valentine,  of  El  Paso, 
who  was  born  in  Lexington,  111.,  Jan. 
30,  1858.  They  have  one  child— Will- 
iam Joseph. 

Kraker,  Geo.,  baker,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Kerr.  S.  L.,  physician,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

King,  Ewing,  laborer,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Kring,  Geo.,  farmer,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Kitchen,  Jno.,  tailor,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Kreidner,  Barbara,  far. ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Kearney,  Dennis,  grocer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

LYNCH,   MICHAEL,  farmer;    P.O. 
El  Paso. 
Long,  Christian,  ftirmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Lewis,  B.  F.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Lane,  Jno.  W.,  teamster ;    P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Lemon,  0.  J.,  blksmth ;   P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Lenhart,  Henry,  retired  ;  P.  0.  EI  Paso. 
Losch,  Martin,  butcher ;   P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Loyster,  Jno.,  carpenter;   P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Lamme,  D.  W.,  physician;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Lamme,  Jeannie  A.;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Leeds,  D.  A.,  laborer  ;    P.  O.  El  Paso. 
Lemon,  Jno.  I.,  retired;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 


524 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  AVOODFORD  COUNTY 


LALLMANN,   GEORGE,   Post- 

master,  dt>aler  in  ueneral  merchandise; 
was  born  in  Bavaria,  Sept.  tJ,  183-1 ;  he 
was  apprenticed  to  the  trade  of  a  shoe- 
maker at  the  age  of  fifteen  years  ;  came 
to  the  United  States  in  1858,  and  made 
his  first  settlement  in  Peoria,  where  he 
followed  his  trade  until  18(31  ;  he  then 
removed  to  Kappa,  and  continued  the 
shoe  business  until  1869,  and  then  be- 
gan his  present  business  of  merchandis- 
ing ;  he  was  appointed  Postmaster  March 
1, 1875;  he  held  the  ofiice  of  School  Di- 
rector about  nine  years ;  he  was  married 
Feb.  18,  1862,  to 'Miss  Elizabeth  Hexa- 
mer,  of  Woodford  Co.,  who  was  born  in 
Ohio,  Sept.  28,  1840;  they  have  one 
daughter — Mary  L. 

Lewis,  Daniel,  physician ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Lewis,  Washington,  far. ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Lynch,  Jno.,  saloon;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

McCLOUGHN,  JOS.,  carp.;  P.  0. 
El  Paso. 

Mohr,  Jacob,  retired ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

McAlden,  Jas.,  contractor  and  builder;  P. 

■     0.  El  Paso. 

Moore,  J.  H.,  P.  M.;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Moore,  J.  M.,  poultry  dealer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

McCoy,  C.  W.,  druggist;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Muller,  Jno.,  wagon  mkr.;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

McKINNEY,  A.  S.,  of  the  firm  of 
McKinney  &  Co.,  dealers  in  lumber, 
lime,  hair  and  cement,  was  born  in 
Cumberland  Co.,  Pa.;  graduated  at  Jef- 
ferson College,  Pa.,  in  1865,  and  spent 
one  year  in  teaching  in  Louisiana.  He 
then  came  to  Illinois  and  engaged  in 
the  lumber  business  in  Elmwood,  Peoria 
Co.  Here  he  remained  eight  years. 
He  was  married  in  1861  to  Miss  Ade- 
laid  F.  Abbott,  of  Elmwood.  They 
have  six  children.  In  1864,  he  re- 
moved to  Peoria,  resided  there  about 
two  years  and  then  engaged  in  raising 
cotton  in  Yazoo  Co.,  Miss.,  for  two 
years.  He  came  to  El  Paso  in  1868 
and  purchased  the  lumber  business  of 
Gibson  &  Bro.,  where  he  has  since 
resided. 

Merchant,  A.  M.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Montgomery,  M.  W.,  far.;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Mayne,  Robt.,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso.  ^ 

Mann,  L.  H.,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Kappa. 

Millsap,  J.  S.,  Meth.  prchr ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Myers,  F.  F.,  shoemaker ;   P.  0.  El  Paso. 

McCann,  J.,  physician ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 


McLAFFERTY,  JOEL,  farmer 
and  stock  raiser;  P.  0.  El  Paso; 
was  born  in  Seneca  Co.,  N.  Y.,  July  4, 
1822.  His  parents  resided  there  until 
he  was  ten  years  old,  and  then  removed 
to  Butler  Co.,  0.  Here  he  lived' until 
the  age  of  22,  and  then  returned  to 
New  York  State,  residing  there  until 
he  removed  to  Livingston  Co.,  111.,  in 
1858.  Three  years  later,  he  moved 
on  to  a  farm  ju.st  over  the  line  from  El 
Paso,  in  McLean  Co.,  living  there  tWo 
years,  and  then  came  into  the  city  t^ 
reside.  He  was  married  April  14, 1852 
to  Miss  Sarah  A.  Swarthout,  who  was' 
born  in  Seneca  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  3,  1831. 
They  have  six  children — Frances  S., 
Adell,  Fred  S.,  Nellie,  Montgomery 
and  Kittie.  Besides  his  property  in 
the  city,  he  owns  a  farm  of  80  acres 
adjoining  the  city  limits  on  the  east, 
and  one  in  McLean  Co.  of  104  acres. 
Total  valuation,  $10,500.  Mr.  Mc- 
LafFerty  represented  the  city  of  El  Paso 
in  the  County  Board  of  Supervisors  in 
1875. 

Massey,  Jacob,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

McCarty,  W.,  laborer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Miller  &  Sights,  painters ;    P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Mayne,  Richard,  farmer ;    P.  0.  El   Paso. 

MEZGER,  CHRISTIAN,  of  the 

firm  of  McClellan  &  Co.,  grain  dealers, 
was  born  in  Philadelphia,  Sept.  15, 1834. 
When  he  was  7  years  old,  his  father 
removed  to  Stark  Co.,  0.  Mr.  Mezger 
came  to  Woodford  County  in  1856,  and 
settled  in  Panola  Township,  and  engaged 
in  farming.  Was  married  Jan.  14, 1864, 
to  Miss  Parthena  N.  Bridges,  who  was 
born  in  Tennessee  in  April  1839  ;  they 
have  two  children— John  C.  and  Edwin. 
In  1873,  he  removed  to  El  Paso  and  en- 
gaged in  the  grain  business. 

Masters,  A.,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Montgomery,  J. W.,  tinner;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Maeee,  N.  R.,  laborer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Miller,  L.  N.,  laborer;   P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Markle,  Jacob,  wag.  mkr.;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Mohr,  Mary,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

McCLELAN,  WM.  H.,  dealer  in 
grain,  was  born  in  Middlesex  Co.,  Mass., 
Aug.  22,  1820  ;  when  he  was  about  10 
years  of  age,  his  father's  family  removed 
to  New  Hampshire,  where  he  lived  until 
1838,  when  he  came  to  Illinois  and  set- 
tled   in    Lake    County.       In   1854,  he 


EL  PASO  TOWNSHIP. 


525 


removed  to  Woodford  County,  and 
opened  up  a  farm  near  the  present  city 
of  El  Paso,  then  an  unbroken  prairie, 
there  not  being  a  house  where  now 
stands  a  city  of  2,500  inhabitants.  He 
engaged  in  the  grain  business  at  EI  Paso 
in  1873.  Was  married  in  October, 
1852,  to  Miss  Caroline  Peck,  of  Ohio, 
who  died  in  1867  ;  he  was  married  in 
June,  1868,  to  Miss  Jane  Johnson  of 
Kappa  ;  they  have  three  children  living 
—  Mary  ]j.,  Nettie  C.  and  William    D. 

Miller,  E.  H.,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

McMahan.  Geo.,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

McOmber,  L.  B.,  trav.  agt.;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Mocker,  Fred.,  painter;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

McKinney  &  Co.,  lumber  dealers ;  P.  0. 
El  Paso. 

McKeefer,  H.  C,  farmer;   P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Motherway,  Michael,  R.  R.  laborer  ;  P.  0. 
Kappa. 

McMahan,  J.,  laborer;  P.  0.  E)  Paso. 

^SrriCE,  A.  C,  former ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

North,  William,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 

NEIFING,  WILLIAM,  dealer  in 
harness,  saddles,  &c.  ;  was  born  in 
Prussia,  May  8,  1823.  He  came  to  the 
United  States  in  1846,  spending  about 
two  years  in  Chicago,  after  which  he  re- 
moved to  Peoria  and  eno-ased  in  the 
harness  making  business.  Began  busi- 
ness in  El  Paso  in  1860.  He  was  married 
Feb.  8,  1852,  to  Miss  Mary  M.  Thines, 
of  Peoria,  who  was  born  in  Prussia  in 
184:3.  They  have  five  children  living 
— Edward  W.,  Francis  M.,  Louisa, 
Nettie  and  Clara.  He  has  served  in 
the  City  Council  of  El  Paso. 

North,  Henry,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

NEWTON,  S.  S.,  Justice  of  the 
Peace  ;  was  born  in  Hartford,  Vt., 
April  27,  1835.  He  was  raised  in 
Champaign  Co.,  Ohio,  where  he  resided 
until  1853,  when  he  came  with  his 
father's  family  to  Metamora,  Woodford 
Co.  He  was  married  in  1858  to  Miss 
Alletta  J.  Smith,  of  Woodstock,  Ohio, 
who  was  born  in  Holden,  Mass.,  in 
June,  1842.  They  have  six  children — 
Frank  C,  Fred.  L.,  Nettie  E.,  Hattie 
D.,  Lucy  W.  and  Jesse  S.  Mr.  Newton 
settled  in  El  Paso  in  1862,  and  engaged 
in  the  boot  and  shoe  business.  He  was 
elected  Constable  in  1864,  and  Assessor 
in  1869,  holding  the  office  eight  years  ; 


was  elected  Justice  of  the  Peace  in 
the  Spring  of  1877.  He  resides  on 
his  farm  of  172  acres,  about  a  mile 
and  a  half  southwest  of  El  Paso. 

O  CONNER,  PAT.,  section  boss;  P. 
0.  El  Paso. 

Osden,  Chas.  D..  R.  R.  man  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Ostler,  Wm.,  former;  P.  0.   El  Paso. 

Ore,  B.  K.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 

O'Brien  &  Co.,  agricultural  implements ; 
P.  0.  El  Paso. 

O'Connell,  Pat.,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

O'Brien,  S.,  laborer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

O'BRIEN,  D.,  of  O'Brien  &  Co.  dea- 
lers in  farm  machinery  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso; 
was  born  in  Ostego  Co.,  N.  Y.,  March 
18,  1830  ;  at  the  age  of  18  years  he  re- 
moved with  his  father's  family  to  Chenan- 
go Co.,N.Y.,  where  he  resided  until  1854; 
he  then  came  to  Woodford  Co.  and  en- 
gaged in  farming  in  Panola  Tp.  until 
1863,  at  which  time  he  settled  in  El 
Paso  ;  followed  farming  three  years  and 
then  opened  a  general  hardware  store, 
continuing  until  March,  1877,  when, 
with  J.  A.  Dix,  he  started  in  the  agri- 
cultural implement  business  ;  he  was 
married  in  Sept.  1852,  to  Miss  Emily 
C.  Goodrich,  who  was  born  in  Chenango 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  Feb.,  1832  ;  they  had  two 
children — Floyd  and  Marsavan  ;  his  wife 
died  Dec.  17,  1857  ;  he  was  married 
Dec.  5, 1860  to  Mrs.  Hattie  M.  McOmber 
of  this  county  ;  have  one  child — Chas.  E. 

Oneale,  Michael,  farmer  .   P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Olcot,  Jas.  M.,  former;  P.  0.  Kappa. 

O'Brien,  Thos.,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

PIATT,  E.    E.   wagon    maker ;  P.   0. 
El  Paso. 
Perry,  Mrs.  E. ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Piatt  &  Co.,  carriage  mfrs.;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Polhemus,  M.  T.,  merch.;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Powell,  Jno.  A.,  farmer ;   P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Pfleger,  P.  Jr.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Pflcger,  Adam,  farmer;  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Parkhouse,  James,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Potter,  Abram,  trader;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Paul,  Jno.  R.,  farmer;  P.  O.  Kappa. 
Paul,  Emanuel,  carpenter;  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Pease,  Dexter,  carpenter ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Patten,  M.  H..  dentist;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Pearson,  Wilson,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Porter,  H.  D.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Pfister.  Thos.,  former;   P.  0.  El  Paso. 

QUINN,   WM.   B.,  former ;    P.  0.  El 
Paso. 


526 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


RITTER,  WM.  M..  coal  dealer ;  P.  0. 
El  Paso. 

Render,  Jno.  Jr.,  farmer;    P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Roper,  B.  S.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Ritter,  James  H.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 

Rogers  &  Co.;  drugs ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Ryan,  Wm.,  railroad  man  :  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Ryan,  Con,  section  buss;  P.  O.  El  Paso. 

Rof-s,  Jacob,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Kappa. 

Rochenfeller,  J.  M.,  far.  ;    P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Rickard,  Daniel,  retired ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Render,  Jno.,  Sr.,  farmer;   P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Robinson,  Robert,  carp.;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Ritter,  Wm..  farmer;  P.  0.  Kappa. 

R'ylve,  Con.  laborer :  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

RIEDEL,  CHARLES,  beer  agent; 
P.  0.  El  Paso  ;  was  born  in  Germany, 
March  12, 183-i ;  he  came  to  this  country 
in  185-1,  and  after  spending  a  few 
months  in  Dutchess  Co.,  N.  Y.,  he 
settled  in  Racine.  Wis.,  where  he  en- 
gaged in  the  grocery  and  brewery  busi- 
ness. While  living  here,  he  spent  part 
of  a  year  in  fishing  and  trapping  in 
Mich ;  he  lived  in  Racine  three  years, 
and  then  removed  to  Kenosha,  Wis.,  re- 
turning to  Racine  about  1858  ;  in  1859, 
he  removed  to  Bloomington.  111.,  and  the 
following  year  went  to  Peoria  ;  he  after- 
ward lived  six  years  in  Chillicothe,  and 
came  to  El  Paso  in  1869.  and  engaged 
in  the  brewery  business  ;  he  was  married 
in  1855,  to  Miss  Barbara  Raps,  of  Ra- 
cine, who  was  born  in  Germany,  Sept. 
15,  1835  ;  they  have  nine  children — 
Julia.  Sophia,  Amelia,  Christie,  Fred, 
Emma.  Maggie,  Katie  and  Carl. 

ROGERS,  S.  T.,  of  the  firm  of  S.  T. 
Rogers  A:  Co.,  druggists  and  booksellers; 
was  born  in  Schuyler  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept. 
6,  1840  ;  he  was  raised  to  the  drug  busi- 
ness ;  when  he  was  10  years  of  age,  he 
went  to  Vermont  and  remained  three 
years,  and  in  1854  came  to  Woodford 
Co.,  spent  three  years  at  Eureka  Col- 
and  settled  in  El  Paso  in  1858, 
engaged  in  his  present  business, 
where  he  has  since  remained,  with  the 
exception  of  three  years  during  the  war. 
He  enlisted  in  1802,  in  the  80th  111. 
Vols.,  and  was  elected  First  Lieutenant 
of  Co.  A  ;  he  was  wnunded  at  the  bat- 
tle of  Kenesaw  Mountain,  Ga.,  in  con- 
sequence of  which  he  received  his  dis- 
charge, in  1805  ;  after  the  war  he  was 
appointed  Deputy  Collector  of  Internal 


lege, 
and 


Revenue,   sening  five  years.      He  was 

married   Sept.   6,  1865,  to  Miss  M.  V. 

Pickrell,    of   Sangamon    Co..    111.,   who 

was  born  Dec.  11,  18-43  ;  they  have  one 

child — Robert  I. 
Rogers,  Linford,   stock   dealer  ;    P.  0.   El 

Paso. 
Ross,  J.  F.,  blacksmith ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Richards,  J.  S.,  blacksmith  ;  P.O.  El  Paso. 
Ray,  E.  S.,  fai-mer :   P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Reynolds.  B.  M..  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Rapp,  John,  farmer  :  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Randall  W.  G.,  attorney;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Ransom,  P.  C.  Mayor  and  capitalist :  P.  0. 

El  Paso. 
OPARKS,  WM.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 

Sevfer,  Jno.  F.,  shoemaker  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Slenker.  Wm..  Jr..  farmer :  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

SWEET,  JOHN  R.,  firm  of  Sweet 
in  Barfoot,  meat  market,  was  born  in 
Columbia  Co.,  X.  Y.,  Aug.  10,  1837 
In  1855,  he  removed  to  Peoria  Co..  111. 
and  ensased  in  farming,  residino:  there 
until  1803,  when  he  settled  on  a  farm 
about  two  miles  west  of  the  city  of  El 
Paso.  Two  years  later,  he  removed  to 
McLean  Co.,  where  he  lived  until  the 
Fall  of  1871  ;  he  then  returned  to  El 
Paso  and  opened  his  present  business. 
He  was  married  April  25,  1860,  to  Miss 
Flora  Barfoot  of  Peoria  Co.,  who  was 
born  there  Jan.  24,  1842.  He  is  at 
present  a  member  of  the  City  Council  of 
El  Paso. 

Schlipf,  Jos.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Sutton,  Jno.,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Sticklemire.  Henry,  farmer :  P.  0.  Kappa. 

Sticklemire  Ca.sper.  farmer,  P.O.  Kappa. 

SLOCUM,  J.  W.,  farmer  and  stock 
raiser ;  Sec.  20,  P.  0.  El  Paso ;  was 
born  in  Fulton  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  21, 
1832.  He  resided  there  until  1857, 
when  he  removed  to  Illinois,  and  settled 
in  Peoria  Co.,  and  engaged  in  farming 
and  stock  raising.  Here  he  lived  until 
his  removal  to  his  present  home,  in  the 
Spring  of  1870.  In  1862,  he  entered 
the  L'nion  army  as  a  member  of  Com- 
pany G,  77th  111.  Vols.  ;  served  till  the 
close  of  the  war,  and  was  mustered  out 
with  his  regiment  at  Mobile,  in  1865, 
He  was  married  Dec.  25.  1855,  to  Miss 
Elma  Hogeboom,  of  Montgomery  Co., 
N.  Y..  who  was  born  in  Fulton  Co., 
N.    Y^,  March   10,  1835.     They  have 


EL  PASO  TOWNSHIP. 


529 


was 


three  children  living — Charles  E.,  Ella, 
and  George  H.  Mr.  Slocum  owns  180 
acres  of  land  in  his  home  farm,  well  im- 
proved, and  valued  at  $10,000. 

Stephens  Richard,  farmer,  P.  0.  Kappa. 

Sullivan,  Jno.  0.,  laborer,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Stoddard  &  Haywood,  shoe  mfrs.,  P.O.  El 
Paso. 

Sleuker,  Wm.,  fiirmer,  P.O.  El  Paso. 

Stitt,  Jno.  C,  farmer,  P.  O.  El  Paso. 

SHREVE,  ISRAEL,  farmer  ; 
born  in  Perry  Co.,  Ohio,  March 
1834.  He  was  raised  on  the  farm,  and 
when  18  years  of  age,  came  to  lUiuois, 
making  the  entire  journey  on  horseback. 
He  settled  in  Tazewell  ('o.,  and  followed 
farmio";,  and  teachina;  school  during  the 
Winter  season  for  six  years.  He  re- 
moved to  Panola  Tp.,  Woodford  Co.,  in 
1861,  and  in  1864  settled  in  El  Paso, 
and  has  been  engaged  in  farming  ever 
since.  He  was  married  Dec.  4,  1856, 
to  Miss  Rebecca  Eggman,  of  Tazewell 
Co.,  who  was  born  near  Cincinnati, 
Ohio,  July  3,  1838.  They  have  seven 
children  living — Eleonora,  (now  Mrs. 
W.  W.  Blumenshine,of  ElPasoj,  Shel- 
ton,  John  M.,  Elmyr,  Lillie  M.,  Bessie, 
and  Nellie.  One  son,  Quincy,  died  July 
25,  1864,  and  a  daughter,  Emily  E., 
the  day  following.  Besides  his  property 
in  the  city,  Mr.  Shreve  has  a  farm  of 
240  acres,  one  mile  south  of  El  Paso, 
valued  at  $10,000. 

Smith,  Jno.  W.,  well  borer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Shafer,  Anna,  P.  0.   El  Paso. 

Smith,  B.  J.,  laborer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Stull,  Adam,  retired ;   P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Stock,  Mrs.  C,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Springgate,  R.   C,  com.   trav.; 
Paso. 

STONE,   IRA    C,  retired 

0.  Kappa ;  was  born  in  East  Berkshire, 
Franklin  Co.,  Vt.,  Aug.  15,  1810 ;  he 
resided  there  until  1833,  when  he 
removed  to  Buifalo,  N.  Y.,  and  engaged 
in  the  hat  and  cap  trade,  which  he  con- 
tinued up  to  1859  ;  he  then  came  to 
Kappa  and  followed  general  merchandis- 
ing until  Jan.  1,  1875  ;  he  was  married 
in  St.  Albans,  Vt.,  Nov.  27,  1832,  to 
Miss  Louisa  J.  Clark,  of  that  city,  who 
was  born  there,  Dec.  7,  1812 ;  they 
have  one  son — Ira  Eugene ;  Mr.  Stone 
was  Postmaster  at  Kappa  fifteen  years, 
from    1860,   until  his  retirement   from 


P.  0.  El 


mer. 


P. 


business,  in  1875  ;  he  owns  ninety  acres 
of  land  in  his  Ipme  place,  and  160 
acres  in  McLean  Co.,  valued  in  all  at 
$10,000. 

Sweet  &  Barfoot,  butchers ;   P.O.  El  Paso. 

Schuck,  Peter,  lab. ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

SCHAPER,  C,  general  mer.;  was 
born  in  Baiern,  Germany,  Sept.  27, 
1833;  when  he  was  thirteen  years  old 
he  was  apprenticed  to  the  trade  of  a 
shoemaker,  and  at  the  age  of  eighteen  he 
came  to  Wheeling,  Va.,  spent  about 
two  years  there  and  then  removed  to 
Peoria,  where  was  married,  in  Oct., 
1854,  to  Miss  Phebe  Bashar,  of  Wheel- 
ing, who  was  born  in  Germany,  Aug. 
18,  1839 ;  they  settled  in  Kappa  in 
1854,  and  opened  a  shoemaker  shop  ;  he 
lived  there  until  1859,  when  he  removed 
to  El  Paso  and  followed  his  trade  until 
1862,  when  he  opened  a  grocery  store,  to 
which  he  has  added  until  now  he  carries 
stock   of  over  $12,000,  including  all 


has 
K., 

and 


kinds   of  general   merchandise ;   he 
six    children  —  L.     Virginia,    Ida 
Harry    C,    Edward   G.,   Anna  A., 
Walter  R. 

Sloat,  T.,  cooper ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Strother,  David,  barber ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Smith,  John  M.,  lab.  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

STRATHMANN,  AUGUST,  un- 

dertaker  and  furniture  dealer ;  was 
born  in  Prussia,  July  2,  1833  ;  came 
to  the  United  States  in  1851,  spending 
nearly  two  years  in  Dayton,  Ohio  ;  came 
to  Chicago  in  1854,  afterward  residing 
awhile  in  Rock  Lsland  and  Peoria,  and 
in  1857,  removed  to  Minonkand  opened 
a  grocery  store.  The  following  year,  he 
spent  a  few  months  in  the  hotel  busi- 
ness in  Peru,  111.,  and  then  settled  in  El 
Paso,  and  having  learned  the  cabinet 
maker's  trade  before  coming  to  this 
country,  he  established  his  present  bus- 
iness in  1862,  and  now  has  two  stores 
in  El  Paso  and  one  in  Gridley.  He 
was  married  in  1856,  to  Miss  Ann  E. 
Balbach,  of  Peoria,  who  was  born  in 
Germany  Oct.  4,  1833.  They  have 
three  children — Charles  A.,  Jacob  H. 
and  Annie  E. 

Simpkins,  John,  teamster  ;  P.  0.  El  Pa.so. 

Stoddard,  D.  C,  soda  water  mfr. ;  P.  0. 
El  Paso. 

Smith,   L.    F.,    photographer ;  P.    0.    El 

Paso. 

3 


530 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY: 


Smith.  Levi,  shoemaker  ;  P.  0.   El   Paso. 

SERVEN,  J.  H.,  ealer  in  organs, 
pianos  and  musical  merchandise ;  was 
born  in  the  city  of  Brooklyn,  Aug.  22, 
1887.  When  he  was  13  years  of  age, 
his  father's  family  settled  in  Oakland 
Co.,  Mich.  He  was  married  Feb.  22, 
1859,  to  jNIiss  Alminie  Young,  who 
was  born  in  St.  Clair  Co.,  Mich..  July 
31,  1836.  They  have  three  children — 
Edward  L.,  Rosella  and  Mabel.  In 
1862,  he  removed  to  Lyon  Co..  Kansas, 
and  engaged  in  the  sewing  machine  busi- 
ness. He  resided  there  eight  years,  and 
then  went  to  Storm  Lake.  Iowa,  and  six 
months  later,  to  Mendota,  111.  He  re- 
mained there  nearly  three  years,  settling 
in  El  Paso  and  opening  his  present 
business  in  1877.  He  served  nearly 
three  years  as  a  member  of  Co.  C,  11th 
Kan.  Vols.,  enlisting  in  1862. 

Steinbaeh,  John,  saddler  ;    P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Sutton.  Frank,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Smith,  Albeit,  restaurant ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Shur.  C.  P..  merchant;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Smith.  Con.,  saloon  :  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

SHUR,  CYRUS  p.,  general  mer- 
chant ;  P.  0.  El  Paso  ;  Cyi-us  P.  Shur, 
of  the  firm  of  C.  P.  Shur  &  Co.,  dealers 
in  aeneral  merchandise,  was  born  in 
Knox  Co.,  Ohio.  Oct.  22,  1823.  He 
has  followed  merchandising  for  the  past 
twenty  years;  in  1856,  he  joined  the 
Ohio  State  Militia,  and  was  elected 
Brigadier  General  of  the  Third  Brigade, 
Fifteenth  Division,  receiving  his  com- 
mission fi-om  Hon.  Salmon  P.  Chase, 
then  Governor  of  Ohio ;  he  held  the 
positicm  five  years.  He  removed  to  El 
Paso  in  1871,  and  opened  his  present 
business ;  was  a  member  of  the  City 
Council  of  El  Paso  in  1873  and  '74; 
in  1875.  he  was  elected  Mayor,  and  re- 
elected in  1876.  He  was  married  in 
March,  1853,  to  Miss  Elizabeth  Conger, 
of  Knox  Co.,  Ohio  ;  they  have  three 
children — Roy  R..  Lola  B.  and  Mag- 
gie P. 

Shur,  A.  O.,  banker;  P.  0.  El  Pa.so. 

Shafer,   Chris.,  merchant  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Smith,  B.  F.,  photogi-apher ;  P.  0.  El 
Paso. 

TIPLER.  EDMUND,  farmer;    P.  0. 
El  Paso. 
Turner,  A.  B.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Tucker,  Junius,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 


Tamman,  G.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Taylor,  C.  C,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Pa.so. 

Trotter,  Thos.,  carpenter;  P.  0.  Kappa. 

Tompkins  (k  Hazen.  coal  and  grain  dealers  ; 
P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Tjaden.  Ludwig.  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Tucker,  W.  F.,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Tobias,  D.  K.,  City  Sup^T.;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Tobias,  Henrj-,  retired ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Tompkins,  Philip,  arain  and  coal  dealer ; 
P.  0.  El  Paso.    " 

TYLER,  JOHN,  farmer  and  stock 
rai.ser  :  Sec.  1 :  P.  0.  El  Pa>o;  was  born 
in  Cortland  County,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  8,  1831. 
He  was  raised  to  agricultural  pursuits, 
which  he  has  followed  all  his  life.  He 
made  his  home  in  Cortland  County  until 
January,  1856.  when  he  came  west  and 
settled  at  Brewer's  Grove,  North  Panola, 
where  he  resided  two  years,  and  then 
removed  to  his  present  home,  where  he 
owns  200  acres  of  land,  well  improved 
and  valued  at  §12,000.  He  was  mar- 
ried, Oct.  11,  1856,  to  Miss  Sai-ah  A. 
Brewer,  of  Panola  Township,  who  waa 
born  at  Brewer's  Grove,  in  that  town- 
ship, in  February,  1840;  they  have  two 
children — Edwin  L.  and  Walter  B. 
Mr.  Tyler  was  elected  a  member  of  the 
Board  of  County  Supervisors  in  1877, 
and  is  also  serving  his  third  term  as 
Commissioner  of  Highways. 

Tobias,  G.  Z.,  jeweler  -."P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Troxel,  Lewis  P.,  clerk  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Troxel,  J.  C,  carpenter ;    P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Tucker,  John,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Thompson,  Jas.,  druggist ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Tucker,  W.  T.,  P.  6.  El  Paso. 

Tucker,'Frank.  stock  dlr.;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Tompkins,  P.  H..  banker ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Towner,  L..  retired ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

YOGHT,  GEO.,  fireman  ;    P.  0.   El 
Paso. 
Vandorn,  W.  T.,  carp.  ;  P.  O.  El  Paso. 
Valentine,  Jos.,  far. ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Voght,  Adam,  far.  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Vanmeter,  31.  L.,  carp.  ;  P.    0.    El    Paso. 

WRIGHT.  S.  S.,  boot  and  shoe  dlr.; 
P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Waugh,  C.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Kappa. 
Welcli,  Edmund,  far,  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Welch,  Thos..  far. ;  P.  O.  Kappa. 
Woolev,  Harvey,  far.  ;   P.  0.  Kappa. 
Webster,  D.  B. :'  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Webster.  0.   R.,    City     Marshal;    P.    0. 
Kappa. 


'EL  PASO  TOWNSHIP. 


531 


Wean,  Daniel,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Kappa. 
WHITE,    DANIEL  A.,    Farmer; 
Sec.  20 ;  P.    0.   El  Paso  ;  was  born  in 
Washington,   Tazewell    Co.,   111.,    Dec. 
5,  185 J:.      When    he    was    about    three 
years  of    age,  his   parents    removed    to 
Lincoln,    111.,    and    lived    there    about 
eight   years    and    then    removed  to  De 
Witt  Co.,  where  they  now   reside.     He 
came  to  El  Paso  in  March,  1875.     He 
was  married  Jan.  3, 1877,  to  Miss  Edith 
Brewster,    daughter  of  C.   Brewster,  of 
El  Paso.     She  was  born  in  La  Salle  Co., 
111.,  Jan.    3,    1859.       They    have    one 
child,  Harlan  0. 
Walters,  John,  painter ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Whalen,  Thos.,  sec.  hand ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Wolk,  Frank,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Whyland,  Edgar,  teamster;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Williamson,  J.  H.,  lab.;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Wheeler,  Wm.,  coal  dealer  ;  P.  0.  EI  Paso. 
Whorrall,  Mrs.  J.,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
WHORRALL,     JOHN,     farmer; 
Sec.   1  ;  P.   0.  El  Paso ;  was  born  in 
Warwickshire,    Eng.,    Sept.    4,     1826. 
He  has  always  been  engaged  in  agricul- 
tural pursuits.     He  came  to  the  United 
States  in  1850,  and  made  his  first  settle- 
ment in  Roanoke  Tp.,  Woodford  Co., 
where  he  resided  nearly  six  years.      He 
then  settled  in  El  Paso  Tp.  in   1856, 
being  one  of  the  earliest  settlers  in  the 
northern    part    of   the   township.      He 
was  married  Nov.   14,   1867,  to  Miss 
Helen  Ives,  who  was  born  in  Albany, 
N.  Y.,   Oct.  8,   1822.     Mr.  Whorrall 
owns   forty    acres    of    land    valued    at 
S2,000. 
Williamson,  J.  A.,  teamster;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Worthington,  S.  H.,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Worley,  A.  J.,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Walker,  Wm.  laborer;   P.  0.  El  Paso. 
WILLIS,  W.  R.,  attorney  at  law  and 
Justice  of  the  Peace ;  P.  0.  El  Paso ;  was 
born  in  Hopkins  Co.,  Ky.,  Oct.  13, 1813. 
He  came  to  Illinois  in  1834  and  enetaged 
in  farmmg  near  the  present  village  of  Eu- 
reka, entering  his  land  from  the  govern- 
ment.    After  one  year,  he  removed  to 
Washington,    Tazewell    Co.,    and    fol- 
lowed teaming  one  year  more,  and  then 
removed  to   Panther   Creek,  where  he 
resided  about    eight   years.     He    then 
engaged  in  the  dry  goods  and  grocery 
business   in    Bowling  Green  for   three 
years,    and   at    the    end    of   that   time 


moved  on  to  a  farm  in  that  neighbor- 
hood, and  was  elected  Constable,  holding 
the  office  seven  years.  From  there  he 
removed  to  Kappa,  and  in  the  Spring  of 
1857  came  to  El  Paso  and  opened  the 
first  hotel  in  town,  which  he  kept  for 
seven  years,  during  which  time  he  was 
elected  Justice  of  the  Peace.  He  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1870.  In  the 
Spring  of  1872  he  was  elected  Prose- 
cuting Attorney  for  the  city.  He  is 
now  Notary  Public  and  Police  Magis- 
trate. Has  held  other  office-,  amons 
which  are  Overseer  of  the  Poor,  School 
Director,  Street  Commissioner,  etc.  He 
was  married  Nov.  9,  1837,  to  Miss 
Amanda  J.  Meek,  of  this  county. 

Welte,  M.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Wathen,  Jas.  H.,  retired  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

AVolk,  Frank,  tailor;  P.  0.  Fl  Paso. 

YERION,  WILLIAM  E.,  farmer  ;  P. 
0.  Kappa. 
Yerion,  Geo.  A.,  tar. ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

YOUNG,  GEORGE   M„  freight 

and  ticket  agent  of  I.  C.  and  T.,  P.  &  W. 
Railways  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso  ;  was  born  in 
Somerset  Co.,  Maine,  March  2,  1841  ; 
when  he  was  about  a  year  old,  his  par- 
ents removed  to  Cincinnati,  Ohio, 
where  he  resided  until  1862,  in  the 
meantime  following  the  Ohio  and  Mis- 
sissippi Rivers  as  a  steamboat  clerk ; 
in  the  Spring  of  1862,  he  entered  the 
army  as  clerk  in  the  Quartermaster's  De- 
partment of  the  Army  of  Kentucky  and 
Tennessee,  serving  about  one  year  in  that 
capacity,  and  then  served  on  the  Missis- 
sippi, as  Revenue  Aid,  about  one  year 
longer ;  after  that,  he  came  to  Cairo, 
in  the  employ  of  the  I.  C.  R.  R.,  from 
which  place  he  was  transferred  to  Free- 
port,  and  in  1868,  was  again  transferred 
to  El  Paso,  and  succeeded  Mr.  G.  H. 
Campbell,  as  agent  of  the  above  named 
railroad.  He  was  married  in  Boston  in 
1860,  to  Miss  Helen  P.  Dodge,  of  Cape 
Cod,  Mass.,  who  is  a  native  of  Salem, 
Mass. ;  he  has  served  one  term  as  mem- 
ber of  the  City  Council  of  El  Paso. 

Young    Peter,  merchant ;  P.  0.  El   Paso. 

Young  &  Tompkins,    merchants ;    P.   0- 
El  Paso. 

Young,  H. 

Youns:,  M.  C,  merchant;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

ZINSER,    ISAAC,    merchant;  P.    0. 
El  Paso. 


532 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY; 


Zanies,  J.  A.,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Zinser,  J.  F..  merchant ;  P.  O.  El  Paso. 
Zanies,  J.  H.,  clerk;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Zinkan,  Wm.,  furniture  dlr. ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 


Zinser,  A.  F.  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Zinser,  J.  G.,  Rev.  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Zinser,  Levi,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 


SPRING    BAY   TOWNSHIP. 


AHRENS,  HENRY,  farmer;  P.  0. 
Spring  Bay. 
AHRENS,  JOHN  B.,  retired  farmer; 
P.  0.  Spring  Bay ;  was  born  in  Hano- 
ver, Germany,  Dec.  21, 1810  ;  emigrated 
to  America  in  18-lG,  stopping  in  New 
Orleans  about  five  years,  and  in  1852, 
came  directly  to  Spring  Bay,  purchasing 
two  lots  and  erecting  a  small  house. 
For  the  next  ten  years  was  employed 
most  of  the  time  in  warehouse;  in  1863, 
purchased  forty  acres  of  land  and  com- 
menced farming.  He  was  married 
in  Germany  in  1831,  to  Miss  Ka- 
trina  Knoll ;  she  was  born  in  Ger- 
many in  1805  ;  have  had  five  children, 
three  living — "Wilhelmina  (now  Mrs. 
Peter  Peterson,  of  Marshall  County), 
Margaret  (now  Mrs.  Wm.  Fisher,  of 
Spring  Bay),  and  Henry  ;  lost  two — 
Joseph  died  in  the  army  in  1864 ;  and 
Harmon,  died  in  Spring  Bay  in  1871. 
Mr.  A.  now  owns  72  acres  of  land  and 
23  town  lots. 

BARTH,  GEORGE,  farmer;  P.  0. 
Spring  Bay. 

Blanchard,  Wm.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Fond  du 
Lac.  Tazewell  Co. 

BUOKLER,  JOSEPH,  far  ;  Sec. 
36;  P.  0.  Fondulac,  Tazewell  Co.; 
owns  80  acres  of  land  in  Woodford,  and 
40  in  Tazewell  County ;  was  born  in 
Alsace,  France,  in  June,  1824.  Emi- 
grated to  America  in  1852 ;  came  to 
Peoria,  111.,  remaining  there  about  eight 
years,  working  at  day  labor.  In  1861, 
came  to  Spring  Bay  Township,  his  pres- 
ent location.  Man'ied  Miss  Ellen  Schop 
at  Alsace  in  1848  ;  she  was  born  in 
France  in  1824,  and  died  at  Spring  Bay 
Feb.  26,  1875.  Have  had  nine  chil- 
dren, six  living — Joseph,  Jr.,  Jacob, 
William,  Mary,  Ellen  and  Charles  ;  lost 
three — Josejjh,  Mary  and  Charlie.  In 
addition  to  above  mentioned  land.  Mr. 
B.  owns  80  acres  of  fine  cultivated  land 
Hi  .^letamora  Township. 


BELSLEY,  JOSEPH,  retired  far. ; 
P.  0.  Spring  Bay ;  S.  24  ;  was  born  near 
Alsace,  France,  May  20,  1812;  emi- 
grated to  America  in  1831,  coming  direct 
to  Tazewell  Co.,  111.,  remaining  about 
five  3'ears,  then  to  (what  is  now  Spring 
Bay  Township )  Woodford  Co.,  hLs  father, 
Michael  Belsley,  purchasing  314  acres 
of  land;  Mr.  Belsley  now  owns  309 
acres  in  this  township,  480  in  Roanoke 
Township,  and  160  in  Livingston  Co., 
111. ;  married  Miss  Barbara  Engle,  in 
Tazewell  Co.;  in  1840;  she  was  born 
in    France,    Feb.    8,    1821  ;    have    had 

12  children,  seven  living — Peter,  Chris- 
tian, Joseph,  Jr.,  John,  David,  Solomon, 
Benjamin  ;  lost  five — Joseph,  Michael, 
Jacob,  Jacob  and  Catharine ;  coming  at 
an  early  day,  Mr.  B.  has  seen  vast 
changes ;  by  industry  and  indomitable 
energy  he  has  accumulated  a  nice  prop- 
erty ;  as  a  farmer  he  has  ranked  among 
the  most  enterprising,  and  as  a  citizen  he 
is  much  esteemed. 

Chickeuy,  Charles,  far.;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Cook,  Micajah,  mail  messenger;  P.  0. 
Sprinu'  Bay. 

CROCKER,  OZIAS,  ftumer;  P.  0 
Fondulac,  Tazewell  Co.;  Sec.  25  ;  born 
in  Spring  Bay  Township,  Oct.  2,  1835  ; 
married  Miss  Ellen  Loveless,  in  Peoria 
Co.,  Sept.  7,  1862;  she  was  born  in 
Ohio,  June,  1841 ;  two  children — John 
Russell,  born  July  18,  1863 ;  Hannah, 
born  Dec.  15,  1868 ;  owns  96  acres  of 
land. 

CROCKER,  ROLAND,  farmer 
and  milling;  Sec.  35;  P.  0.  Fondu- 
lac, Tazewell  Co. ;  was  born  in  Colum- 
bia Co.,  N.  Y.,  May  24,  1815.       When 

13  years  of  age,  came  to  Tazewell  (now 
Woodford)  Co.,  and  has  resided  here 
ever  since.  Owns  240  acres  of  land 
and  a  flourino-mill.  Married  3Iiss 
Lydia  Loveless  at  Spring  Bay,  Mai-ch 
18,  1860.  She  was  born  in  Ohio,  July 
11,    1838;      one    child — Austin,    born 


SPRING  BAY  TOWNSHIP. 


533 


Oct.  30, 1869.  Mr.  Crocker  was  one  of 
the  early  settlers,  and  a  more  extended 
notice  of  him  appears  in  the  historical 
part  of  the  work  under  head  of  Spring 
Bay  Tp. 

Drury,  J.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Fondulac. 

Davis,  Oliver,  carp ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Dubois,  F.,  farmer  :  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Dubois,  A.,  farmer ;    P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

DeFord,  Isaac,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

DE  FORD,  GEO.  W.,  farmer ;  Sec. 
26 ;  P.  O.  Spring  Bay ;  was  born  in 
Polk  Co.,  Iowa,  Feb.  12,  1850.  Par- 
ents came  to  Woodford  Co.  in  1852, 
locating  in  Partridge  Tp. ;  resided  there 
about  sixteen  years,  then  to  Linn  Tp., 
remaining  four  years,  then  back  to  Part- 
ridge   Tp.    for    four    years ;      finally,   in 

1876,  to  Spring  Bay  Tp.,  his  present 
home.  Married  Miss  Elsie  Williams  at 
Spring  Bay,  July  2,  1876.  She  was 
born  m  Woodford  Co.,  Nov.  14,  1860. 
One  child — Leon  Lewis,  born  Sept.  12, 

1877.  His  father,  Isaac  De  Ford,  re- 
sides J  mile  south,  in  Spring  Bay  Tp. 
He  was  born  in  Ohio,  Aug.  8,  1820. 

EGE,  JOHN,  carpenter    and    lumber 
dealer;   P.  0.  Spring  Bay;  was  burn  in 
Wurtemburg,  Germany,  April  12,  1826; 
emigrated  to  America  in  1846  ;  locating 
in   Philadelphia,  remaining  there  three 
years,  engaged  in  furniture  trade ;    then 
to  Peoria^  III,  in  1849,  and  in  1851,  to 
Spring   Bay,  his  present  home ;    owns 
134    acres    in     Spring    Bay    Township, 
about    28  town    lots,    and    other   town 
property ;  married  Miss  Margaret  Stan-  i 
ter,   at  Peoria,  in  Dec.  1849  ;    she  was  ! 
born    in   Bavaria,   Germany,   Sept.    19, 
1825;    have  had  seven   children,  three  I 
living — Hannah  (now  Mrs.  John  Bels- 
ley,  of  Roanoke),  Carrie,  Amelia;    lost 
four — Catherine,   died  Jan.    18,    1851 ; 
John  C,  died  Sept.   19,  1860;    Mary,  I 
died  in  Dec.  1872  ;  Louisa,  died  in  Oct., 
1873.      Mr.  Ege  now  holds    offices    of 
Justice    of   the    Peace,    Assessor    and 
School  Trustee  ;    is  also  Notary  Public, 
and  has  l)een  Supervisor  five  years. 

EICHHORN,  PETER,  Sr.,  brewer; 
p.  0.  Spring  Bay ;  was  born  at  Walldorf, 
in  Baden,  Germany,  Aug.  30,  1828 ; 
emigrated  to  America,  June  8,  1847; 
located  first  at  Dresden,  Ohio,  remaining 
there  about  one  year,  employed  in  a 
cooper  shop ;  from  there,  to  Cincinnati, 


working  about  nine  months  as  a  brewer, 
then  about  three  months  in  St.  Louis ; 
thence,  in  1849,  to  Peoria,  111.,  working 
as  brewer,  and  also  keeping  a  saloon  and 
boarding  house ;  in  1851,  came  to 
Spring  Bay  Township,  building  a  bi-ew- 
ery  the  same  year,  which  he  has  contin- 
ued ever  since..  Married  Josephine 
Schultz,  at  Peoria,  in  1850  ;  she  was 
born  atWeier,in  Baden,  Germany,  March 
15,  1832,  and  died  Nov.  10,  1869; 
married  Miss  Catharine  Winkler,  at  Pe- 
oria, May  12,  1870;  she  was  born  (in 
what  is  now  Woodford  Co.)  Aug.  6, 
1 848 ;  nine  children  by  first  marriage — 
George  C,  Louisa  (now  Mrs.  Ehringer, 
of  Washburn),  Peter,  Jr.,  Frederick, 
Mary,  Henry,  Anna,  Bertha,  Eosa; 
four  children  by  second  marriage — Her- 
man, Julius,  William  and  Edward  An- 
ton. Mr.  E.  owns  80  acres  of  timber 
land,  2o  miles  from  Spring  Bay,  and 
640  acres  of  land  in  Nebraska. 

FAUBER,    PERRY,  farmer;  P.    0. 
Fondulac. 

Fischer,  Wm.,  wagon  maker;   P.  0.  Spring 
Bay. 

Fagott,    F.    G.,    farmer;     P.    0.    Spring 
Bay. 

Fagot,  Jos.,  farmer;  P.  0.  SprinfjBay. 

PRIEDRICH,  ERNST,  farming 
and  milling  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay  ;  was  born 
in  Saxony,  Germany,  Sept.  28,  1834 ; 
emigrated  to  America  in  1853,  locating 
first  in  Sheboygon,  Wis. ;  working  at 
carpenter  trade  about  one  year,  then  to 
Ontonagon,  Lake  Superior,  remaining 
about  two  years,  then  back  to  Wisconsin 
two  years,  thence  to  Peoria,  111.  in  1858, 
locating  there;  finally  in  1867,  came  to 
Spring  Bay,  his  present  home ;  pur- 
chased a  flouring-mill  of  Alex.  Patridge, 
and  has  continued  it  ever  since  ;  in  1876, 
bought  308  acres  of  land  of  A.N.  Biard, 
Sec.  1,  valued  at  about  $12  per  acre; 
married  Miss  Lousia  Lingel,  at  Sheboy- 
gan, Wis.,  Nov.,  1855;  she  was  born  in 
Saxony,  Germany,  Dec.  6,  1835  ;  have 
had  six  children,  four  living — Frances 
(now  Mrs.  P.  Eichorn,  Jr.),"  Wm.  F., 
Emma  and  Lousia  ;  lost  two,  Emma  and 
baby  not  named  ;  Mr.  Friederich  has 
been  elected  to  various  town  offices  at 
different  times ;  is  the  present  Town 
Clerk,  and  has  discharged  the  duties 
very  acceptably. 


534 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


G  ENOW  AYS,  C.  A.,  retired  far.;  ^ 
P.    0.    Spring  Bay;    was  born  in  j 
Ohio,  Sept.  22,  1821 ;  resided  there  until 
17  years  of  age,  then  came  to  Tazewell 
(now  Woodford)  Co.,  purchasing  a  farm 
of  40    acres,    about  one  and  a  quarter 
miles  southeast  of  Spring  Bay  ;  in  Feb., 
1874,    commenced   mercantile    trade  in 
Spring    Bay,     continuing    same     until 
'March  4,  1878;  Mr.  Genoways  has  held 
office  of  Supervisor   at    different  times, 
and  is  the  present  Supervisor  of  the  town  ; 
was  also  Constable  for  24  years ;  married 
Miss  Diama  Burt,  in  Spring  Bay  Tp., 
Sept.   18,  1844;  she  was  born  in  Ohio, 
June  6,  1827  ;  had  ten  children,  eight 
living— Hannah  L.   (now  Mrs.  Forney,  ^ 
of  Roanoke  Township),   Julia  E.    (now  j 
Mrs.  Rochford,  of  Spring  Bay),  Adeline  { 
A.     (now    Mrs.   Marshall),     Maria    J. 
(now  Mrs.  Elsworth  of  Nebraska),  Mar- 
garet E.,  Fannie  L.,  Lydia  J.,  Douglas 
A.;  Diama,  died  Feb.  3,  1872;  Samuel 
A.,  died  Feb.  12,  1873. 

GOEHRING,  LOUIS,  farmer;  Sec.   | 
1 ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay  ;    owns  203  acres  [ 
of   land,  valued   at  §30  per  acre  ;  was 
born  in  Bavaria,  Germany,  July  5, 1820; 
emigrated  to  America  in  March,  1848, 
locating  in   Evansville,  Ind.;  remained 
only  two  months  ;  then  to  Kentucky  for  i 
about  two  months ;    then  for  five  years 
spent  the  Winter  seasons  in  Mississippi. 
Finally,  in   1853,   settled  in  Partridge  j 
Township,  Woodford   Co.,  being   there 
thirteen  years  engaged  in  farming  ;  then 
came  to  Spring  Bay  Township,  and  has 
lived  here  since.     Married  Miss  Eliza- 
beth Bair,  in  Partridge  Township,  Feb. 
24,    1853 ;    she   was   born    in   Alsace, 
France,  in  June,  1823 ;  eight  children 
— Daniel,  Catharine   Tnow  Mrs.  Daniel 
Wagner),  Louis,  Susan,  Lawrence,  Eliz- 
abeth, Jacob  and  Christine. 

HULBERT,H.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Spring 
Bay. 

Hawkins,  Dempsey,  far.;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Hewitt,  J.  C,  merch.;    P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Hewitt,  Sarah.  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Hodge,  John,  laborer  ;   P.  0.  Spring  Bay.    I 

Hildemeier,  Mich'l,  far.;  P.  0.  Fondulac. 

Haas,  Jacob,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Fondulac. 

HOSHOR,  PERRY    W.,   farmer ; 
Sec.  23  ;   P.  0.  Spring  Bay ;  was  born 
in  Spring  Bay  Township,  Nov.  5,  1841,  , 
and  in   1851  went  to  Fairfield  County,   : 


0.,  remaining  there  about  six  years; 
returned  to  Spring  Biy  and  has  lived 
here  ever  since.  ^larried  Miss  Catha- 
rine Dwyer  at  Spring  Bay  in  June,  1805; 
she  was  born  in  Ireland  ;  have  six  chil- 
dren— Mary  E.,  Cordelia.  William,  Al- 
fred, Ellen  and  John.  He  owns  280 
acres  of  land  in  Worth  Township,  240 
in  Metamora  Township  and  about  80  in 
Tazewell  County. 

JONES,  ELI,  miller;  P.  0.  Spring 
Bay. 

JUNG,  GOTTFRIED,  retired;  P. 
0.  Spring  Bay ;  was  born  at  Hesse- 
Darmstadt,  Germany,  April  2,  1823  ; 
emigrated  to  America  in  1844 ;  after 
remaining  six  weeks  in  New  Tork  City, 
he  returned  to  Germany  ;  came  back  in 
1845,  returned  again  in  1847,  came 
back  in  1848,  and  in  Jan.,  1852, 
located  in  Woodford  Co.,  commencing 
the  mercantile  trade  at  Spring  Bay ; 
about  1861,  he  established  a  lumber 
yard,  which  he  continued  until  1870  ; 
in  Aug.,  1872,  he  discontinued  the 
store,  selling  to  Charlie  Koelcher,  the 
present  occupant ;  married  Miss  Chris- 
tian Meinnolt,  at  Peoria,  III.,  Jan.  23, 
1851  ;  she  was  born  in  Germany,  Feb. 
21,  1831 ;  no  children.  Mr.  Jung  was 
very  successful  in  his  mercantile  pursuits, 
and  has  accumulated  a  nice  property  ; 
built  himself  a  handsome  residence,  and 
owns  land  in  different  parts  of  the  Co. ; 
for  the  past  fifteen  or  sixteen  years  he 
has  been  afilicted  with  rheumatism, 
which  confined  him  most  of  the  time  to 
the  house ;  is  very  popular  and  univer- 
sally respected. 

XrOELSCHE,  CHAS.,  P.  M. ;  P.  0. 


spring  Bav 


KOEMPEL,  JACOB,  boots  and 
shoes ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay ;  was  born 
in  Bavaria,  Germany,  July  14,  1831  ; 
emigrated  to  America,  in  June,  1852, 
coming  direct  to  St.  Louis,  remain- 
ing there,  working  at  the  shoemaker's 
trade  about  one  year;  in  April,  1853, 
went  to  Germantowu,  Worth  Town- 
ship., and  worked  at  his  trade  three 
years ;  came  to  Spring  Bay,  in  April, 
1856,  remaining  about  four  years, 
and  then  to  Partridge  Tp.  for  four  years; 
finally  came  back  to  Spring  Bay,  and 
has  lived  here  ever  since ;  married  Miss 
Eve  Volk  in  Worth  Tp.,  Jan.  1.  1856  ; 


SPRING  BAY  TOWNSHIP. 


535 


she  was  born  in  Bavaria,  Germany, 
March,  12,  1829  ;  five  children— EUza- 
beth,  Sophia,  Terese,  Adam,  Frank. 

LEINE WEBER,  CASPER, carpenter; 
P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
Leonard,  Wm.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Foudulac. 
Loveless,   Abraham,    carp;    P.  0.    Spring 

Bay. 
Loveless,  Thomas,  far.;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
Loser,  Peter,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
nV  /TEISTER,  J.  A.,  far.;  P.  0.  Spring 

Matthis,  John,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Fondulac. 
Matthis,  James,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Fondulac. 
Mader,  Gottfried,  butcher;    P.  0.  Spring 

Bay. 
Merbath,    Maria    A.,    merchant;    P.    0. 

Spring  Bay. 
Meister,  Conrad,  blacksmith  ;  P.  0.  Spring 

Bay. 
Mourer,  Jos.,  laborer;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
Meinholt,  Geo.,  tailor;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
^VriCOLAS,    ELIZABETH,    P.    0. 
JJN       Spring  Bay. 
Newman  F.  W.,  shoemaker;  P.  0.  Spring 

Bay. 

NICOLAS,  FRANK,  far.;   P.O. 

Spring  Bay ;  was  born  in  Lorraine, 
France,  July  15,  1851  ;  his  parents 
emigrating  to  America,  same  year,  locat- 
ing in  Spring  Bay  Township  ;  his  father 
N.  Nicolas,  was  borne  in  Lorraine, 
France,  Sept.  17,  lSll,and  died  in  April, 
1861  ;  his  mother,  Elizabeth  Nicolas, 
was  born  in  France,  March  3,  1821 ; 
they  were  married  in  Ashville,  France, 
Sept.  17,  1850  ;  two  children  living — 
Frank  (the  subject  of  this  sketch),  and 
Ellen,  born  in  Spring  Bay,  Jan.  2-1, 
1858;  lost  two — Elizabeth  and  Prosper. 
In  1872,  Mr.  Nicolas  went  to  Nebraska, 
remaining  about  fourteen  months,  and 
then  returned  to  Spring  Bay;  in  March, 
1878,  he  again  started  for  Nebraska,  to 
return  during  the  Summer ;  while  there, 
had  charge  of  land  belonging  to  L.  Will- 
iams ;  it  is  the  intention  of  Mr.  N.  to 
locate  permanently  near  Lincoln,  Neb. 

REISING,     ADAM,    mason;  P.    0. 
Spring  Bay. 
Richwein,  Simon,  cooper  ;     P.   0.    Sprino; 

Bay. 
Rohmann,    Peter,   farmer ;    P.  0.  Spring 

Bay. 
Rohmann,  Jno.,  far.  ;   P.    0.  Spring   Bay. 
Ragy,  Jos.,    farmer ;   P.  0.    Spring    Bay. 


SNYDER,  NICHOLAS,  farmer ;  P.  0. 
Spring  Bay. 

Stotler,  Wm.,  far. ;  P.  0.  Fondulac. 

Sigel  Fred,  lab. ;  P.  0.  Sprint;  Bay. 

Shults,  C.  S.,  lab.  ;    P.  0.  Sprin-  Bay. 

SPILLMAN,  WM.  P.,  former; 
See.  aO  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay  ;  owns  286 
acres  of  land  in  Spring  Bay  and  Par- 
tridge Tp.s. ;  was  born  in  Zurich, 
Switzerland,  March  1-1,  1836 ;  emi- 
grated to  America  in  1851  settling  in 
Peru,  111.,  remaining  there  eight  years. 
In  1859,  came  to  Spring  Bay — his 
present  location ;  served  three  years 
in  Company  "  F,"  85th  111.  Inf ,  being 
discharged  at  Springfield,  111.,  June  5, 
1865 ;  married  Miss  Therese  This  at 
Peru,  111.,  March  4, 1859.  She  was  born 
in  Lorraine,  France,  Aug.  28,  1838; 
have  had  eight  children — MaryB.,  born 
Jan.  17,  1860  ;  Eugene  W.,  born  May 
16,  1863;  William  J.,  born  March  23, 
1866;  Anna  F.,  born  June  21,1868; 
Henry  J.,  born  Oct.  11,  1870;  three 
deceased — Julia  M.,  Albert  S.  and 
Louisa  M. 

SHOTTENKIRK,  P.,  farmer;  Sees. 
11  and  14;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay;  was 
born  in  Johnstown,  Montgomery  Co., 
N.  Y.,  April  22,  1812.  In  1838,  re- 
moved to  what  is  now  Spring  Bay  Tp., 
and  has  resided  here  ever  since.  His 
brother,  John  C,  had  preceded  him 
about  three  years.  Married  Miss  Eliza- 
beth Williams  April  17, 1857.  She  was 
born  in  Spring  Bay  Tp.  July  16,  1841  ; 
seven  children — DeEtte  H.,  Dewitt  C, 
Susan,  Jay,  Ellen,  Phineas,  Cora.  Owns 
627  acres  in  Spring  Bay  Tp.;  360  in 
Panola  Tp.  His  father  lived  to  be  73 
years  of  a<re,  having  served  in  the  Rev- 
olutionary War,  and  was  buried  in 
Montgomery  Co.,  N.  Y.  His  brother, 
John  C,  died  here  at  the  advanced  age 
of  80  years.  Mr.  S.  was  one  of  the 
first  pioneers  of  the  county,  settling 
here  at  a  very  early  day.  Like  many  of 
the  enterprising  pioneers,  he  arrived 
here  with  scarcely  any  property,  and  in 
journeying  over  an  almost  unbroken 
wilderness  he  experienced  a  good  share 
of  inconveniences  and  disappointments. 
Mr.  S.  is  now  pecuniarily  well  situated, 
and  has  been  spared  to  see  his  children 
enjoying  the  fruits  of  his  own  economy 
and  industry. 


536 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY; 


SCHEERER,    CASPER,   wagon 

maker  ;  P.  0.  Sprinir  Bay  ;  was  born  in 
Wurteniburg,  Germauy,  Dec.  4,  1826. 
Emigrated  to  America  in  1854.  locating 
first  in  Northumberland  Co.,  Pa.,  then 
to  Springfield,  0..  to  Peoria,  111.,  to 
Pekin.  111.,  and  finall}'  to  Spring  Bay  in 
1856,  living  here  ever  since,  workinoj  at 
his  trade.  Married  Miss  Catherine 
Moorer  at  Spring  Bay,  June  10,  1861. 
She  was  born  in  France  Oct.  15,  1843 ; 
have  had  six  children,  four  living — 
Catherine,  Mary,  William,  Elizabeth. 
Lost  two — John,  died  Mav  13,  1872; 
Anna,  died  Sept.  30,  1873.  Owns  fifty- 
six  acres  marsh  land,  besides  seven 
town  lots  and  other  town  property. 
Mr.  Scheerer  has  been  enaaaed  in  the 
manufacture  of  wagons  upward  of 
twenty  years,  turns  out  first-class  work, 
uses  the  best  material,  and  is  well  and 
favorably  known  as  a  skilled  mechanic. 

Williams,  B.,  fanner  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Williams,  C.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Williams,  E.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Walker,  Wm.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

WILLIAMS,  LEWIS,  grain  dealer ; 
P.  0.  Spring  Bay ;  is  one  of  the  earliest 
settlers  of  the  county  ;  was  born  in  Cin- 
cinnati, Ohio,  May  4,  1825  ;  his  parents 
removing  to  Illinois  when  he  was  but 
four  years  of  age  ;  Mr.  Williams  has  re- 
sided in  what  is  now  Spring  Bay  Tp., 
Woodford  County,  since  1829  ;  been  en- 
gaged in  farming,  buying  grain,  lumber, 


etc.,  etc.  ;  established  a  general  country 
store  in  1860,  doing  a  large  and  flour- 
ishinsr  business ;  married  Mrs.  Morty 
Heufling,  at  Chicago,  Nov.  29,  1869  ; 
she  was  born  in  Switzerland,  Nov.  12, 
1841  ;  besides  334  acres  of  land  in  this 
township,  Mr.  Williams  owns  land  in 
Worth  Township,  and  a  large  tract  in 
Nebraska. 
ZELLER,  JOHN  G.,  physician  and 
surgeon  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay  ;  was  born 
in  Bavaria,  Germany,  Dec.  10,  1828; 
emigrated  to  America  in  1847  ;  returned 
to  Germany  in  1849,  and  came  back  in 
1853,  stopping  at  St.  Louis,  Mo. ;  came  to 
Woodford  County  in  1854  ;  returning 
to  St.  Louis  in  the  Fall  of  that  year, 
and  graduating  there  ;  came  to  Spring 
Bay,  locating  here  in  1855;  married  Fred- 
erika  C.  Nicholas,  at  St.  Louis,  in  March, 
1855  ;  she  was  born  in  Prussia,  Ger- 
many, in  1826,  and  died  in  May,  1865, 
leaving  four  children  ;  in  Sept.,  1865, 
married  Caroline  Winkler  ;  she  was  born 
(in  what  is  now  Woodford  County),  in 
1846  ;  four  children  by  first  marriage — 
Charles  A..  George  A..  Josephine  M., 
Frederika  C.  ;  three  children  by  second 
marriage — Catherine,  Julius  and  Chris- 
tine ;  Dr.  Zeller  is  to-day  one  of  the  most 
successful  and  largely  patronized  physi- 
cians of  Woodford  County  ;  has  a  large 
and  lucrative  practice,  being  a  gentleman 
of  acknowledged  ability  and  well  educated 
in  the  medical  profession. 


CRUCER    TOWNSHIP. 


AUGSPERGEE,    DAVID,    farmer; 
P.  0.  Cru-er. 
BOSIEE,  NICHOLAS, farmer;  P.O. 
Cruger. 
Brooks,  AVm.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Brubaker,  David,  far.  hand  ;  P.  0.  Cruser.   i 
Baker.  Paul,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Cruger. 
Brady,  Jno.  W.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Cruger. 
Baumgartner,    John,  shoemaker ;    P.    0. 

Cruger. 
Bradle,  John,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Cruger. 
Bradle,  Fred.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Cruger. 
BOYD,  GEORGE,  retired  "farmer  ; 
P.  O.   Eureka ;    was  born  in  Christian 
County,  Kentucky,   Dec,  3,  1816;  his  j 


parents  are  Hardy  and  Mary  (Torian) 
Boyd,  who  were  born  in  Virginia,  east 
of  the  Blue  Ridge  Mountains  on  the 
Potomac  Eiver ;  both  died  at  an  early 
day.  Mr.  Boyd  remained  in  his  native 
State  until  1850,  when  he  started  for 
Illinois  with  his  wife  and  one  child  in 
a  two-horse  wagon,  and  settled  on  a 
farm  about  three  and  a  half  miles  north- 
east of  Eureka,  Woodford  County  ;  here 
he  remained  until  about  1868  ;  he  then 
moved  on  the  place  where  he  now  lives. 
Was  Supervisor  for  two  years ;  is  a 
Greenbacker  in  politics,  and  a  member 
of  the  Christian  Church.     Married  Miss. 


CRUGER  TOAVNSHIP. 


537 


Eliza  Jane  Pearce,  of  Christian  County, 
Ky.;  have  eight  children — Lucy  Ann, 
Joshua,  John,  Sarah.  Virginia,  Alice, 
Susan  and  Charles. 

BLOOMENSHINE,  K.  PHILIP 

farmer,  P.  0.  Cruger ;  was  born  in 
Darmstadt,  Germany,  in  1825,  is  the 
son  of  John  and  Annie  M.  Bloomen- 
shine,  of  Germany  ;  his  mother  died  in 
Germany ;  his  father  came  to  America 
in  1834,  and  settled  in  Tazewell  County, 
on  40  acres  of  laud.  Mr.  Bloomen- 
shine  was  engaged  in  the  bakery  busi- 
ness in  the  old  country  ;  in  1848,  he 
emigrated  to  America  and  landed  in 
Baltimore  ;  remained  there  but  a  short 
time;  he  then  went  to  Pittsburgh,  Pa., 
here  remained  one  year,  engaged  in  the 
bakery  business  ;  thence  to  Illinois,  and 
settled  in  Tazewell  County,  and  com- 
menced farming ;  thence  to  Peoria, 
Washington  and  Knoxville,  where  he 
was  engaged  at  his  trade  (baker ).  thence 
on  a  farm  and  engaged  in  farming ;  in 
1875,  he  came  to  AVoodford  County  and 
purchased  80  acres  of  fine  land  in  Cru- 
ger Township,  where  he  has  been  living 
ever  since.  Married  in  1852  to  Miss 
Mary  C.  Rambo,  of  Shippensburg.  Cum- 
berland County,  Pa. ;  they  have  six 
children — John  F.,  Georse  W..  Charles 
W.,  Henry  H.,  Emma  Cr  and  Ella.  Is 
Republican  in  politics,  and  a  member  of 
the  Evanirelical  Church. 
BLUMENSHINE,  J.  P.,  farmer; 
P.  0.  Cruger ;  was  born  in  Tazewell 
Co.,  111.,  No"v.  10,  1835;  is  the  son  of 
William  and  Elizabeth  Blumenshine,  of 
Germany,  who  are  among  the  first  set- 
tlers of  Tazewell  Co.,  having  emigrated 
to  America  and  settled  in  Tazewell  Co, 
in  1831  ;  they  came  here  with  but  little 
money,  settled  on  a  farm  of  160  acres, 
and  commenced  farming,  and  part  of 
his  time  shoemaking ;  in  America,  with 
hard  labor  and  good  management,  they 
were  very  successful  in  life ;  his  father 
died  in  1872  ;  his  mother  is  still  living. 
Mr.  Blumenshine  remained  on  his 
father's  farm  until  he  was  twenty-three 
years  of  age ;  he  then  removed  to 
Woodford  Co.  and  settled  on  the  place 
that  his  brother  now  lives  on ;  he  then 
purchased  the  place  he  now  lives  on,  of 
220  acres  of  fine  improved  land ;  mar- 
ried  Oct.   19,   1858,  to   Miss  Barbara 


Himmel,of  Mason,  111. ;  eight  children — 
C.  Elizabeth,  born  Nov.  22,  1  859 ;  Mary 
R.,  born  April  5,  ISBl :  Henry  L.,  born 
Sept.  2,  1865;  Sarah  E.,  born  June  2, 
1867;  William  C,  Johnnie,  born  Sept. 
20,  1870;  E.  Emmanuel,  born  March 
1,  1873  ;  Wesley,  born  Nov.  12,  1876  ; 
Georo-e  Franklin,  born  July  30,  1863, 
died  June  22,  1865 ;  F.  Malinda,  born 
Dee.  25,  1874,  died  July  13,  1875  ;  his 
polities  are  Republican  ;  member  of  the 
Evanaelical  Church. 

BLUMENSHINE,  JOHN   W., 

farmer ;  P.  0.  Cruger ;  the  above 
named  gentleman  was  born  in  Tazewell 
Co.,  111.,  May  16,  1833;  son  of  Wm. 
and  Elizabeth  Blumenshine,  of  Germany, 
who  emigrated  to  America  and  settled  in 
Tazewell  Co.,  111.,  in  1831 ;  were  among 
the  first  settlers  of  that  Co. ;  his  father 
died  in  1872  ;  his  mother  is  still  living 
on  the  old  homestead.  Mr.  Blumen- 
shine remained  on  his  father's  farm  un- 
til he  was  twenty-four  years  old,  farming, 
and  in  the  Winter  months  attending;  the 
district  schools  of  the  period ;  he  then 
moved  to  Woodford  Co.,  and  settled  on 
the  farm  that  he  now  lives  on,  of  200 
acres,  and  to-day,  is  one  of  the  best  im- 
proved farms  in  Woodford  Co.  ;  all  made 
by  knowing  how  to  farm  ;  married  twice, 
first  wife  was  Miss  Annie  Rhoebeck,  of 
Germany,  who  died  in  1855 ;  second 
wife  was  Mrs.  Sarah  Lohr,  Pa.  ;  married 
in  1876;  born  Aug.  27,  1846;  seven 
children  ;  member  of  the  Evangelical 
Church  ;  Republican  in  politics. 
/^OOK,  FRED,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Cruger. 

Compton,  J.  W.,   farmer  ;  P.    0.  Cruger. 
Cook,  Lewis,  former ;   P.  O.  Cruger. 
Christolph,  A.  B.,  farmer  ;    P.   0.  Cruger. 
Clutter,  Mary  A. ;   P.  0.  Cruger. 
Crow,  Abraham,  fiir.  ;   P.  0.  Cruger. 
Close,  Francis,  farmer ;    P.  0.  Cruger. 

DEIBERT,  J.  W.,  former;  P.  0. 
Cruger. 

Dorward,  Peter,  far.  ;   P.  0.  Cruger. 

Davidson,  C.  G.,  for. ;   P.  O.  Cruger, 

Dinsledini,   John    H.,  far. ;   P.  0.  Cruger. 

DAVIDSON,  M.E.,  farmer;  P.O. 
Crugfir  ;  was  born  in  Barren  Co.,  Ky., 
May  24,  1823.  Is  the  son  of  Caleb  and 
Martha  Davidson,  who  emigated  to  Illi- 
nois from  Kentucky  and  settled  in 
Woodford  Co.  on  a  form  near  Eureka  in 


538 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


1831 ;    here    Mr.    Davidson    spent    his 
younger  days   in  farming;  in   184G,  he 
married    Miss    Virginia    C.     Gorin,    of 
Kentucky,    daughter    of    Sanford    P. 
Gorin  ;  he  then   moved  to  a  farm   one 
mile    oast  of  his  father's  firm  ;  here  he 
remained  ten    years ;  in    the  Spring  of 
1856  he    moved   to  Washington,  Taze- 
well Co.,  111.,  and  there    engaged  in  the 
mercantile  business  ;  while  at  Washing- 
ton he  had  a  branch    house  (mercantile 
business)  at  Cruger,    which   stock    was 
sold  out  in   1858,  and  in  1859  he  sold 
stock  at  Washington  ;  in  1860,  he  com- 
menced mercantile  business  in  Eureka  ; 
in  this  business  until  1866  ;  he  remained 
as   a  resident  of  Eureka  until  1871 ;  he 
then  moved  on  the  farm    he   now   lives 
on.       Mr.    Davidson    is    Super^•isor   of 
Cruger    Tp.,  which   office  he   has  very 
creditably  filled   fur  the  last  six  years; 
also  Justice  of  the  Peace ;  has  held  the 
office   of    Treasurer   of    Township  and 
Collector   of  Township ;  in  all  of  these 
offices  he  has  acquited  himself  in  a  very 
creditable  and  efficient  manner.  In  Dec. 
10,   1856,    his    wife,  Miss  Virginia  C. 
Gorin  died.      He    married    the  second 
time  in  1858  to  Miss   Mary  A.  Devore, 
of    Ohio,    daughter  of  A.    J.    Devore ; 
has    seven  children.        Mr.    Davidson's 
political    opinions  are  Democratic.     He 
owns  a  fine   farm  of  500    acres   in  Mis- 
souri, where  he  intends  to  move. 
Danahay,  C.,  saloon ;  P.  0.  Cruger. 
Dickinson,  E.  B.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Davidson,  Martha.  P.  0.  Eureka. 
DAVIDSON,  WM.  A.,  farmer;   P. 
0.    Eureka ;    was    born    in    Woodford 
County,    Illinois,  one    mile    northwest 
of    Eureka,    April    5,    1837  ;  his    par- 
ents are  Caleb  and    Martha  Davidson, 
who  were  among;  the  earliest  settlers  of 
Woodford  Co.,  having  made  their  home 
here  in   1831  ;  they  came  from  Barren 
Co.,  Ky.,  in  wagon  drawn  by  two  horses 
and    one    extra   horse ;    Mrs.  Davidson 
rode  the  horse   part  of  the   way ;  they 
settled  on  the  farm  one  mile  northwest 
of  Eureka  (the   old  homestead.)     Mr. 
Caleb  Davidson  died  1870,  at  the  age  of 
73^  years  old.     Mrs.  Martha  Davidson 
is  living  on  the  old  homestead.     Mr.  D. 
spent  his  boyhood  days  farming  on  his 
father's  farm.     At  the  age  of  17.  he  en- 
tered Bell's  College,  at  Chicago,  where 


he  graduated ;  thence  to  Washington, 
111.,  where  he  accepted  a  clerkship  in  a 
dry  goods  store  and  remained  there  three 
years  ;  he  then  went  to  Eureka,  111.,  and 
commenced  business  in  the  dry  goods 
line  for  himself.  At  the  breaking  out 
of  the  late  war,  he  enlisted  as  Second 
Lieutenant  in  Company  E,  108th  I.  V. 
^  I.,  for  three  years  or  during  war ;  par- 
ticipated in  some  of  the  hard-fought 
battles  under  Gens.  Sherman  and  Grant 
— twenty  one  battles  in  all ;  was  mus- 
ered  out  as  Captain  Aug.  12,  1865  ;  at 
the  close  of  the  war,  he  returned  home 
and  sold  out  his  dry  goods  store  in  1866 ; 
he  then  went  to  farming  on  the  "  old 
homestead"  in  1868;  remained  here 
until  1877,  then  moved  on  the  place 
that  he  now  lives  on.  His  political 
opinions  are  Democratic.  3Iarried  Miss 
Jane  C.  Ewing  of  Ohio  ;  two  children — 
Annie  Ewiu<r  and  Claude  L. 

ELLIS,     THOMAS,   farmer;     P.    0. 
Eureka. 
F REESE,    G.    W.,  minister;    P.O. 
Washington. 
Freese,  Henry,  farmer  ;    P.   0.  Washing- 
ton. 
Fleming,  W.  J.  farmer  ;   P.    0.  Eureka. 
Farni,  Jacob,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Eureka. 
Freese,   G.   M.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Washing- 
ton. 

PREESE,  GEO.  M.,  REV.,  far.; 

was  born  in  Pickaway  Co.,  Ohio,  1825. 
His  parents  are  Jacob  and  Polly  Freese  ; 
his  father,  Jacob  Freese,  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  in  1799 ;  his  mother, 
Polly  Freese,  was  born  in  Virginia 
about  1802.  In  1858,  he  emigrated  for 
Illinois  with  his  wife,  six  children,  and 
his  brother.  Jonathan  C.and  settled  on 
the  farm  that  he  now  lives  on.  he  and 
his  brother  purchasing  a  quarter  section, 
and  commenced  farming.  He  was  or- 
dained a  minister  of  the  Uni  ed  Breth- 
ren Church,  at  the  Annual  Conference 
held  in  Decatur,  Macon  Co.,  111.,  Sept. 
29,  1865.  He  married,  in  18-48,  Miss 
Lavinia  Long,  of  Ohio,  daughter  of 
Abraham  and  Elinor  Long.  She  was 
born  in  1823.  Nine  children — Elmina 
C.  George  W.  31.,  Levi  J.,  Lavinia  V., 
Elinor  E..  Huldah  L.,  Jane  M.  E.;  two 
dead— Lewis  A.  and  Zethau  E. 

ARDXER,  JAS.  M.,  farmer  ;  P.  0. 


G 


Cruger. 


CRUGER  TOWNSHIP. 


539 


HOYT,   J  AS.  L.  farmer ;    P.  0.  Eu- 
reka. 

Hoker  Jacob,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Cruger. 

Hiltman,  Chas.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Cruger. 

HARLAN,  JAMES  N.,  gram  and 
stock  dealer  ;  P.  0.  Cruger ;  resides 
in  Eureka;  was  born  in  Christian  Co., 
Ky.,  July  12,  1826.  His  parents  are 
James  and  3Iary  (Orick)  Harlan,  of 
Va.,  who  were  among  the  first  settlers 
of  Woodford  Co.,  111.,  having  come  here, 
with  a  family  of  seven  childaen,  from 
Kentucky,  in  one  wagon,  drawn  by  four 
horses  and  one-horse  carry-all  wagon, 
and  settled  on  a  farm  of  400  acres,  on 
Deer  Creek,  about  eight  miles  south- 
west of  Eureka,  in  1833.  Here  they 
remained,  and  engaged  in  farming. 
James  Harlan,  born  March  17,  1784; 
died  Oct.  16,  1854  ;  and  Mary  (Orick) 
Harlan,  born  Dec.  19,  1791,  died  May 
29,  1862.  Mr.  Harlan  remained  on 
his  father's  farm,  where  he  was  engaged 
in  farming,  and  in  the  Winter  months 
attending  school.  In  1852,  he  com- 
menced clerking  in  a  general  merchan- 
dise store,  in  Washington,  111.,  where  he 
remained  about  eighteen  months.  On 
account  of  the  death  of  his  brother,  he 
returned  to  the  old  homestead,  and  com- 
menced farminsi'.  In  1855,  he  returned 
to  Washington,  and  opened  a  general 
merchandise  store.  Here  he  remained 
until  1861  ;  he  then  commenced  travel- 
ing for  a  New  York  wholesale  house. 
Here  he  remained  for  four  years.  In 
1867,  he  purchased  property  in  Cruger, 
and  commenced  grain  and  stock  dealing, 
which  he  has  carried  on  very  success- 
fully ever  since  ;  owns  a  first-class  eleva- 
tor, at  Cruger,  111.,  with  a  capacity  of 
storing  25,000  bushels  of  grain.  Here 
he  handles  from  140,000  to  150,000 
bushels  of  grain  yearly.  Mr.  Harlan 
is  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Harlan, 
Hedges  &  Co.,  stock  dealers,  who  are 
among  the  largest  stock  dealers  in 
Woodford    Co.     For    the  year    ending 

1877,  Messrs.  Harlan  &  Hedges 
bought  5,103  head  of  hogs,  at  a 
cost     of    $79,721.95.       Year     ending 

1878,  Messrs.  Harlan.  Hedges  &  Co. 
bought  6,718  head  ;  cost,  $75,426.33. 
Mr.  Harlan's  political  opinions  are  Re- 
publican. Married  Miss  Margaret 
Andrews,   of    Ohio,  daughter  of  Rev. 


Wells  Andrews.  Four  children — Mary, 
James  A.,  Charles  C.  and  Cary. 
HEDGES,  J.  K.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eu- 
reka ;  was  born  in  West  Va.,  Nov.  13, 
1852.  His  parents  are  Aaron  H.  and 
Catharine  A.  Hedges,  of  W.  Va.,  who 
emiirrated  west  to  Illinois,  and  settled 
in  Woodford  Co.,  Cruger  Tp.,  in  1864. 
Mr.  Hedges  has  been  engaged  on  the 
farm  most  of  his  life.  He  married  Miss 
Jennie  Boyd,  of  Woodford  Co.,  111., 
daughter  of  George  and  Eliza  J.  Boyd, 
of  Christian  Co.,  Ky.,  who  settled  in 
Woodford  Co.  in  1850.  His  political 
principles  are  Republican  ;  owns  a  fine 
improved  farm  of  161 2  acres.  Three 
children — Charles  A.,  Brook  T.  and 
Lula  H. — all  born  in  Woodford  Co., 
111. 

HAYNES,  JAMES,  f^umer;  p.  0. 
Eureka;  was  born  in  Europe  in  1810; 
son  of  Nathan  and  Mary  Haynes. 
When  he  was  about  18  years  of  age,  he 
learned  his  trade  at  shoemaking  in  Eu- 
rope. He  emigrated  to  America  in 
1834  and  landed  in  New  York  ;  thence 
to  Mason  Co.,  Ky.  Here  he  was  en- 
gaged at  his  trade.  In  1845,  he  mar- 
ried Miss  Amanda  Hampton,  of  Ken- 
tucky. In  1852,  with  his  wife  and  five 
children,  moved  to  Illinois  and  settled 
on  the  farm  that  he  now  lives  on.  He 
purchased  90  acres  of  land  and  built 
the  house  he  now  lives  in  at  that  time, 
the  only  house  between  here  and  Wash- 
ington, Tazewell  Co.  Here  Mr.  Haynes 
set  out  to  be  a  farmer,  his  first  expe- 
rience. He  labored  hard  and  managed 
well ;  to-day  is  one  of  the  successful 
farmers  of  Woodford  Co.  His  son, 
Nathaniel,  enlisted  in  the  late  war  in 
Co.  A,  86th  111.  Vol.  Inf.,  for  three 
years,  but,  on  account  of  sickness,  was 
honorably  discharged,  returned  home, 
and  afterward  enlisted  in  the  one  hun- 
dred day  service.  Mr.  Haynes  is  a 
member  of  the  Christian  Cnurch ;  owns 
180  acres  of  improved  laud;  eight 
children. 

HUMPHREY,  MILES  S.,  farmer; 
P.  0.  Cruger ;  was  born  in  Tompkins 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  July  29,  1827;  son  of 
Luke  and  Eliza  (Bishop)  Humphrey. 
Luke  Humphrey,  born  in  Hartford,  Ct., 
Oct.  26, 1800,  with  his  wife,  Eliza  Hum- 
phrey,  of   Pennsylvania,  and  sis  chil- 


540 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


dren,  started  for  the  West  in  the 
Spring  of  1834,  and  settled  in  Knox 
Co.,  0.  Here  they  remained  but  a 
short  time  (eighteen  months),  then 
moved  to  Illinois  and  settled  in  Auburn, 
Tazewell  Co.  In  1838,  they  moved  to 
Washington,  111.  On  March  15,  1876, 
Mrs.  Eliza  Humphrey  died,  aged  74 
years  4  months.  Mr.  Luke  Humphrey 
then  lived  with  his  daughter  a  short 
time.  He  then  purchased  property  in 
Washington,  where  he  remained  until 
his  death,  which  occurred  March  25, 
1878;  age  77  years  4  months  and  25 
days.  Mr.  Miles  S.  Humphrey  came  to  I 
Woodford  Co.  and  settled  on  the  farm 
that  he  now  lives  on  Feb.  15,  1863, 
Here  he  has  remained  ever  since  en- 
gaged in  farming ;  has  held  several 
oflBces  of  trust — Commissioner  of  High- 
ways— at  present  School  Director  of 
Cruger  Tp.  He  had  two  brothers  in 
the  late  war.  Stephen  D.  enlisted  in 
Co.  B,  47th  I.  V.  I.,  private,  for  three 
years ;  was  killed  at  the  battle  of  Corinth, 
Miss.,  Oct.  3,  1862.  William  H.  en- 
listed in  the  11th  111.  Cav.  for  three 
years  ;  participated  in  some  of  the  hard- 
fought  battles  under  Gens.  Grant  and 
Sherman  ;  was  honorably  discharged  at 
the  close  of  the  war.  Mr.  H.  married, 
in  1862,  Miss  Mary  Crosby,  of  Morton, 
Tazewell  Co.,  111.;  born  Dec.  28,  1842; 
daughter  of  Uriah  and  Margaret  Crosby. 
Six  children — Louisa,  Charles  S..  Uriah 
H.;  Olive  M.,  died  1874;  Edwin  M., 
Edith.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Metho- 
dist Church. 

Hartman,  Fred.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Hegerty,  Pat.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Cruger. 

Hedoes,  Aaron,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

JOHNSON,  JAMES,  sec.  hand ;  P.O. 
Cruger. 
Jenninas,  W.  J.,  P.  0.  Cruser. 

KORNHAUS,  JOS.,  retired;  P.O. 
Cruger. 

Keller,  Jacob,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Cruger. 

Kinnear,  J.  R,,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Cruger. 

Kornhaus,  Catherine,  far.  ;  P.  0.    Crucer. 

KINNEAR,  L.  A.,  firmer;  PrO. 
Cruger ;  was  born  in  Ross  Co.,  Ohio, 
Oct.  8,  1847  ;  his  parents  are  Charles 
and  Ellen  A.  (Richie)  Kinnear,  of 
Ohio,  who  were  among  the  early  settlers 
of  Woodford  Co.;  they  left  Ohio  for 
Illinois  with   two  wagons  and  one  car- 


riage drawn  by  horses,  and  arrived  at 
Bloomington  in  the  Spring,  1849,  and 
remained  there  during  the  Winter ; 
they  then  came  to  Woodford  Co.,  and 
settled  on  a  farm  of  800  acres  of  land, 
near  Eureka ;  here  Mr.  Kinnear  has 
remained  in  the  neighborhood  all  his 
life,  engaged  in  farming ;  he  has  held 
several  offices  of  public  trust,  and  has 
acquitted  himself  in  a  very  creditable 
manner — Town  (./ollector  for  one  year, 
and  Town  Clerk  for  three  years ;  he 
man-ied  Miss  Martha  J.  Woosley,  of 
Woodford  Co.,  111.,  the  daughter  of  W. 
T.  Woosley,  who  is  one  of  the  first 
settlers  of  Woodford  Co.;  one  child — 
Cena  Ellen ;  Mr.  Kinnear's  political 
opinions  are  Republican ;  owns  365  acres 
of  fine  improved  land. 
KAUFMAN,  JOHN,  farmer;  P.O. 
Cruger  ;  was  born  in  Richland  Co.,  Ohio, 
Jan.  20.  1828 ;  son  of  Benjamin  and 
Susan  (Brubaker)  Kaufman,  of  Lancas- 
ter Co.,  Pa. ;  his  father  was  a  miller  by 
trade;  in  1842,  with  his  father,  mother 
and  five  children,  they  moved  to  Mack- 
inaw, Tazewell  Co.,  111.,  his  father  pur- 
chasing an  interest  in  a  flour-mill,  and 
commenced  milling  on  the  Mackinaw 
River;  here  they  remained  until  1845; 
thence,  near  Washington,  Tazewell  Co., 
farming  ;  returned  to  the  milling  busi- 
ness at  Adam's  mill,  east  side  of  Peoria ; 
here  his  father  died,  in  1847,  leaving 
his  family  in  poor  circumstances.  Mr. 
Kaufman  being  a  young  man,  and  will- 
ing to  work,  he  accepted  a  place  in  the 
flour-mill  here  ;  he  managed  to  support 
the  family ;  they  moved  to  Mackinaw, 
and  April  14,  1854,  he  started  for  the 
gold  fields  of  California,  via  New  York 
and  Panama;  arrived  at  San  Francisco 
June  1,  1854;  was  engaged  in  mining 
in  the  counties  of  Eldorado,  Calaveras 
and  Benton,  three  and  a  half  years  ;  he 
then  commenced  a  bakery  and  restaurant 
business  in  Tehama,  Tehama  Co.,  Cal.; 
here  he  remained  for  three  years,  and 
was  very  successful ;  he  returned  home 
the  Fall  of  1860,  to  Washington,  111., 
where  he  built  a  business  block,  with 
the  intention  of  he  and  his  brother  go- 
ing into  business,  but  on  the  breaking 
out  of  the  late  war  his  brother  enlisted 
in  the  army,  so  he  abandoned  the  idea  ; 
in   1864,  he  moved  to  Woodford  Co., 


CRUGER  TOWNSHIP. 


541 


and  settled  on  the  place  he  now  lives  on  ; 
he  married  Dec.  8,  1862,  to  Miss  Susan 
M.  Kice,  born  in  Tazewell  Co.,  111.,  Oct. 
1838 ;  five  children — Ida  Jane,  born 
Sept.  29,  1863;  Mary  E.,  born  Oct.  6 
1865 ;  Frank  H.,  born  April  27,  1869 
Benjamin  J.,  born  March  9.  1872 
Charles  L.,  born  Jan.  2,  1877  ;  Repub- 
lican in  politics ;  had  two  brothers  in 
the  late  war,  Isaac  and  Benjamin  ;  Ben- 
jamin died  in  the  Southern  prison.  Mr. 
Kaufman  io  a  member  of  the  Christian 
Church. 
KINNEAR,  CHARLES,  farmer  ; 
P.  0.  Cruger ;  was  born  in  Pickaway 
Co.,  Ohio,  Dec.  30,  1808;  is  the  son  of 
David  Kinnear,  of  Ohio,  who  was  Asso- 
ciate Judge  of  Ohio  for  twenty-one 
years,  and  Mary  Kough  Kinnear,  who 
were  among  the  earliest  settlers  of  Ohio. 
Mr.  Kinnear  remained  on  his  father's 
farm  until  he  was  sixteen  years  old  ; 
he  then  learned  his  trade  as  cabinet 
maker  in  Circleville ;  here  he  remained 
about  two  years ;  he  then  moved  to 
Ross  Co.,  where  he  commenced  farming 
in  1849  ;  he  started  with  his  wife  and 
five  children  for  Illinois  in  two  wagons, 
and  one  carriage  drawn  by  horses — 12 
days  out — arrived  at  Bloomington,  111., 
and  remained  there  during  the  Winter ; 
thence  to  Woodford  Co.,  and  settled  on 
a  farm  of  800  acres  of  land  near  Eureka ; 
here  he  set  out  in  farming  on  this  place, 
and  has  remained  here  ever  since ;  he 
has  given  to  each  of  his  children  a  fine 
farm,  and  to-day  himself  and  wife  are 
living  happy  together  on  the  old  farm. 
He  married  Miss  Ellen  A.  Ritchie,  of 
Ross  Co.,  Ohio,  in  1831 ;  five  children — 
George,  Eliza,  John  R.,  Rachel,  Ellen 
and  Lockwood  A.  Republican  in  poli- 
tics. Two  sons  in  the  late  war — George, 
was  Captain  47th  I.  V.  I. ;  John,  was 
private  86th  I.  V.  I. 

LEHMAN,   HENRY,    farmer ;    P  0. 
Cruger. 
Long,  U.  A.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Cruger. 
Lehman,  D.  J.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Cruger. 
Long,  S.  H.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Cruger. 
^V/J'ERITHEU,  HORACE,  P.  0.  Eu- 

Morland,  Benj.,  hunter;  P.  0.  Cruger. 
Montier,  John,Sr.,  P.  0.  Cruger. 
Miller,  jno.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Cruger. 
Montier,  John,  Jr.,  P.  0.   Cruger. 


MYERS,  LEWIS  H.,  farmer;  P. 
0.  Washington  ;  is  one  of  the  best  known 
and  highly  regarded  farmers  of  Cruger 
Township;  was  born  in  Schuylkill  Co., 
Pa.,  Feb.  10, 1836  ;  is  the  son  of  George 
L.  and  Julia  Heffner  Myers.  Mr.  My- 
ers remained  at  his  native  State  until 
he  was  eleven  years  old ;  with  his  par- 
ents they  moved  to  Pickaway  Co., 
Ohio,  engaged  in  farming;  in  1856,  he 
married  Miss  Christian  Helvering,  of 
Ohio,  and  in  the  Spring  of  1856,  he 
moved  to  Adams  Co.,  Ind.,  farming  ; 
here  he  remained  but  a  short  time,  and 
in  1857,  he  returned  to  Pickaway  Co., 
Ohio,  and  in  1858,  he  moved  to  the 
State  of  Illinois,  and  settled  on  the  farm 
that  he  now  lives  on.  Mr.  Myers  has 
held  several  offices  of  public  trust  in  his 
township,  and  has  acquitted  himself  in  a 
very  creditable  and  efficient  manner. 
Constable  for  six  years;  Commissioner 
of  Highways  two  years.  Socially  he  has 
a  pleasing  address  that  wins  the  respect 
of  all.  He  is  a  member  of  the  United 
Brethren  Church.  His  political  opinions 
are  Democratic.  Seven  children — Julia, 
Squire  W.,  Flora  Belle  and  Jenny  Lind, 
George,  Charles  and  Howard. 

McCoy,  Daniel,  laborer ;  P.  0.  Cruger. 

McCoy,  Beuj.  H.,  laborer  ;  P.  0.  Cruger. 

McNiif,  Jno.,  retired  ;  P.  0.  Cruger. 

MEEK,  JOSEPH,  farmer  ;  P.  0. 
Eureka ;  was  born  in  Fayette  County, 
Ky.,  June  7,  1797  ;  is  the  son  of  Bazel 
and  Ellen  (Roberts)  Meek ;  with  his 
parents  they  moved  to  Indiana  and  settled 
in  Jennings  County,  where  he  remained 
until  1830  ;  in  Spring  of  1830,  with  his 
wife  and  four  children,  they  started  for 
Illinois  in  a  wagon  drawn  by  two  yoke  of 
oxen,  and  arrived  and  settled  in  Woodford 
County  on  the  place  that  he  now  lives 
on  ;  he  built  him  a  log  cabin  soon  after 
he  arrived,  which  stood  until  the  Spring 
of  1875,  and  was  destroyed  by  fire;, 
when  Mr.  Meek  first  came  here,  he  was 
worth  about  $740  ;  he  invested  in  farm- 
iog  land,  and  with  success  and  good 
management,  he  was  at  one  time  worth 
1,340  acres  of  fine  land;  he  has  given 
to  each  of  his  children  a  fine  farm,  and 
to-day  owns  240  acres  of  improved  land ; 
Mr.  Meek  has  held  several  offices  of  pub- 
lic trust ;  was  one  of  the  first  County 
Commissioners     of  Woodford     County, 


542 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY: 


which  office    he  held   for  sis  years,   also 
held  the  office  of  County  Suport'isor  for 
one  year  ;  is  a  member  of  the  Christian 
Church  ;  a  Democrat  in  politics  ;  married 
twice ;  his  first  wife,    Uraney  Sullivan, 
of  South   Carolina,  who   died  Jan.   21, 
1848,  aged  48  years  and  nine  days ;  his 
second  wife,  Mrs.  Barbara  Shaffer  of  Va. ; 
born    Oct.   10.1810;   children   by  first 
wife — Daniel,  Marshall.  Ezra  and  Jessie  ; 
by  second   wife — Joseph  ;  Mrs.    Shafi"er 
had    three    children     livino;    when   Mr. 
Meek     married    her — Elizabeth     Jane, 
Simon  and  Mary  Ann. 
MEEK,  HENRY  B.,  farmer  ;  P.  0. 
Eureka ;    the   subject  of  this  sketch  is 
one  of  the  oldest  living  settlers  of  Wood- 
ford Co.;  was  born  in  Pulaski  Co.,  Ky., 
Aug.  11,  180-1 ;  is  the  son  of  Bazel  and 
Ellen  (Eoberts)  Meek;    his  father,  Ba- 
zel Meek,  was  born  in  Virginia,  March  7, 
17G3,    and    died    Jan.    12,    1844;    his 
mother,  Ellen  Roberts  Meek,  was  born 
in  North  Carolina,  Sept.  28,  1777,  and 
died  Nov.  10,  1847.      Henry  B.,  at  12 
years  of  age,  with  his  parents,  moved  to 
Indiana,   and   settled   in   Jennings   Co., 
where  he  was  engaged  in  farming  until 
1830  ;    in  the  Spring  of  this  year,  with 
his  wife   and  son  (Bazel),  they  started 
on   horseback  for   Illinois,  and  arrived 
and  settled   on  the  farm  that  he  now 
lives  on  ;    when  Mr.  Meek  first  came  to 
this  county,  he  was  worth  about  §300 
cash,  and   a    few  head    of   stock ;    his 
brother,    Daniel     Meek,    arrived     and 
settled  in  1826  ;  he  made  his  home  with 
bis    brother   until    he  built  him  a  log 
cabin  ;  he  then  moved  his  family  in,  and 
commenced  farming;   was  worth,  at  one 
time,  1,600  acres  of  fine  land ;    he  gave 
to  each  of  his  children  a  fine  farm,  and 
to-day  he  owns  one  of  the  best  farms,  of 
700  acres,  in   Woodford   Co.;    all    this 
made  by  hard  labor  and  good  manage- 
ment ;    when  he  first  came  here,  prairie 
wolves    were    numerous    and    familiar 
neighbors ;    few  foxes  and  many  deer ; 
Mr.  Meek  states  that  he  has  killed  over 
100  wolves,  and  a  great  many  deer  ;    at 
one  time  he  had  hanging  in  his  cellar 
seven  deer,  and  states  that  he  was  not 
much  of  a  hunter.      Married  Miss  The- 
ny    Perry,    born    in    Blunt  Co.,  Tenn., 
1810,  and  is   the  daughter  of  Ransom 
and    Catharine    (Martinj   Perry ;    with 


her  parents  moved  to  Jennings  Co.,  Ind., 
in    1818;    married  Jan.   3,  1828;    six 
children — Col.  Bazel  Meek,  born  in  Jen- 
nings   Co.,  Ind.,  Dec.   6.    1828;    Ran- 
som, born  March  7,  1831  ;    Noil,  born 
Sept.  1,  1833;    Missouri,  born  April  7, 
1836;     Mary,  born    March    1,    1843; 
Joshua,   born  Mav  18,  1840,  and  died 
Sept.  10.  1841. 
MEEK,  EZRA  P.,  far.;  P.  0.  Eureka ; 
the  subject  of  this  sketch   was  born  in 
Jennings  Co.,  Ind.,  Nov.  20,  1828,  and 
is  the  son  cf  Joseph  and  Uraney  (Sulli- 
van)   Meek,  who   were   among  the  first 
settlers  of  Woodford  Co.,  having  made 
their  home  here  in  1830  ;  Mr.  Meek  has 
spent  the  greater  part  of  his  life  with  his 
parents  on  the  old  homestead,  engaged 
in  farming  ;  has  held    several    offices  of 
trust  in  his   township ;  Road  Commiss- 
ioner and  School    Director ;  he  married 
in  1850,  to  Miss  Mary  A.  Boyd,  of  Ky.  ; 
she  was  born  Feb.   5,  1833,   and  is  the 
daughter     of  Isaac   B.    and    Elizabeth 
(Graves)    Boyd;  her   father,   Isaac    B. 
Bo^d,  was  born  in  Va.,  March  15, 1812  ; 
her  mother,  Elizabeth  Graves  Boyd,  was 
born    in     Cumberland      Countv.,    Ky., 
Jan.  31,  1813  ;  died  May  9,  1852  ;  who 
emigrated  to  Illinois  and  settled  in  Wood- 
ford  County     near   Versailles,  April  9, 
1846  ;  four  children — Amanda  J.,  born 
Jan.  27,  1851,  married  John  Compton  ; 
Julia  E.,  Dec.  13,  1852  ;  William  M., 
July  3,  1855  ;  Parthenia,  April  1, 1859; 
Jessie  C,  Jan.  9,  1866;  owns  160  acres 
of  land ;  is  a  member   of  the  Christian 
Church  ;  his  political  opinions  are  Demo- 
cratic. 
MEEK,  RANSOM  P.,  farmer;   P. 
0.  Eureka;  the  above  named  gentleman 
was  born  in  Woodford  County,  111.,  and 
is  one  of  the  oldest  living  residents  that 
were  born  in  Woodford  County ;  born 
March  7,  1831,  and  is  the  son  of  Henry 

B.  and  Theny  (Perry)  Meek,  who  were 
among  the  first  settlers  of  Woodford 
County  ;  Mr.  Meek  has  spent  a  greater 
part  of  his  life  in  farming  on  the  old 
homestead;  in  1858,  he  emigrated  West 
to  Kansas,  and  settled  on  a  section  of 
land  and  commenced  farming  ;  he  re- 
mained there  but  a  short  time  ;  returned 
to  his  father's  farm ;  has  been  married 
three  times  ;  his  first  wife  was  Miss  Isabel 

C.  McClure,  of   Illinois  ;  died    1857  ; 


CRUGER  TOWNSHIP. 


543 


second  wife,  Miss  Nancy  Ann  Killiard, 
of  111. ;  third  wife,  Miss  Bettie  West,  of 
Woodford  County,  daughter  of  James 
and  Nancy  West,  who  were  among  the 
old  settlers  of  Woodford  County  ;  three 
children — Minnie,  Nannie  and  Bazel ; 
Mr.  Meek,  in  his  political  opinions,  is 
Greenback  ;  is  a  member  of  the  Christian 
Church. 

MEEK,  JESSE,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka; 
the  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  on 
his  father's  farm  near  Eureka,  Woodford 
County,  Illinois,  April  5,  1834 ;  his  par- 
ents are  Joseph  and  Uraney  Meek,  who 
are  among  the  earliest  settlers  of  Wood- 
ford County,  having  made  their  home 
in  Woodford  County  in  1830  ;  Mr.  Meek 
remained  on  his  father's  farm,  where  he 
was  encraged  in  farming,  and  in  the  Win- 
ter  gathering  what  instruction  the  dis- 
trict school  could  afford ;  October  8, 
1857,  he  married  Miss  Millie  Lamb,  of 
Augusta  County,  Va.,  born  March  17, 
1838,  daughter  of  Benjamin  and 
Susannah  (Huft'j  Lamb  ;  her  father  was 
engaged  in  the  revolutionary  war ;  he 
lived  with  his  daughter  until  his  death, 
which  occurred  Oct.  15,  1865  ;  he  was 
78  years  old ;  when  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Meek 
commenced  housekeeping,  they  arrived 
at  the  house  they  now  live  in,  in  a  wagon 
drawn  by  two  horses,  having  all  their 
furniture  and  a  half  of  a  load  of  wood  ; 
they  set  out  in  life  together,  and  to-day 
it  is  one  of  the  comfortable  and  happy 
homes  of  Woodford  County  ;  Mr.  Meek 
has  held  the  office  of  Town  Assessor  of 
Cruger  Tp.  ever  since  the  organization 
of  that  township  ;  Democrat  in  politics ; 
member  of  the  Christian  Church  ;  owns 
owns  200  acres  of  fine  improved  land, 
value  $75  per  acre  ;  one  child — William 
Henry,  born  Feb.  28,  1862. 

Miller,  Jacob,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Cruger. 

Murray,  J.  D.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Meek,  Jos.  W.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Meek,  W.  M.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

McCLURE,  SAMUEL  H.,  farm- 
er ;  P.  O.  Eureka.  This  gentleman  is 
one  of  tbe  best  known  and  highly  re- 
garded farmers  of  Woodford  Co.  ;  was 
born  in  Vermilion  Co.,  111.,  Nov.  2, 
1827.  His  parents  are  James  and 
Mary  (Campbell)  McClure,  of  Ken- 
tucky, and  were  amrmg  the  first  settlers 
in  Illinois,  having  made  their  home  here 


two  years  before  the  State  was  admitted 
to  the  Union,  in  1816.  His  father, 
James  McClure,  was  born  in  1795;  he 
was  in  the  Indian  war  of  1811,  under 
Gen.  Harrison,  at  the  battle  of  Tippeca- 
noe, and  participated  in  the  Indian  war 
of  1812;  died  in  1870.  Mr.  McClure 
was  eno-ao-ed  on  his  father's  farm  until 
he  was  18  years  old.  He  then  accepted 
a  clerkship  in  a  general  merchandise 
store  in  Washington,  111.  Here  he  re- 
mained for  two  years ;  he  then  went  to 
Peoria,  and  accepted  a  similar  position. 
On  account  of  his  health,  he  returned 
to  farming  in  AYoodford  Co.  From  here 
he  went  to  Oskaloosa,  Iowa,  and  was 
engaged  in  the  general  merchandise 
business  for  seven  years.  In  1861,  he 
returned  to  Illinois,  and  settled  in 
Cruger  Tp.,  where  he  has  lived  since^ 
engaged  in  farming  ;  moved  on  place 
he  now  lives  on  in  1873.  Married  in 
June,  1856,  to  Miss  Missouri  Meek, 
born  in  Woodford  Co.  111.,  daughter  of 
Henry  B.  and  Theny  Meek,  of  Ky., 
who  were  among  the  first  settlers  of 
Woodford  Co.,  111.,  having  made  their 
home  here  in  1831.  One  child — Annie 
J.,  born  186-1.  Mr.  McClure  has  held 
several  offices  of  trust  in  his  township — 
School  Trustee,  Supervisor,  Justice  of 
the  Peace.  His  political  opinions  are 
Greenbacker;  member  of  the  Christian 
Church  ;  owns  290^  acres  of  improved 
land. 

NORTON,  W.  C,  farmer;  P.  0. 
Cruger. 
OYER,  CHRIST.,  farmer;  P.  0. 
Deer  Creek. 
POYNTER,  VV.  C,  preacher;  P.  0. 
Eureka. 
Pfeffin2;er,  Benj.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Cruger. 
POYNTER,  WM.  A.,  former;  P.  0. 
Eureka ;  the  subject  of  this  sketch  was 
born  in  AYoodford  Co.,  111.,  May  29, 
1848  ;  is  the  son  of  Rev.  Wm.  C.  and 
Huldy  J.  Poynter.  Wm.  J.  Poynter 
spent  his  childhood  and  early  youth  on 
his  father's  farm ;  engaged  in  farming 
from  the  time  he  was  able  to  hold  the 
plow  ;  in  the  Winter  gathering  what 
instructions  the  district  school  could 
afibrd  ;  at  fifteen  years  of  age  he  en- 
tered the  Eureka  College,  of  Eureka, 
111.,  and  in  four  years  graduated  and  re- 
ceived his  diploma  ;  he  then  commenced 


544 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY: 


farming , 
Douglas 


teaching  school  in  Tazewell  Co.,  111., 
which  business  he  followed  for  two 
years,  thence  in  the  mercantile  business 
in  Eureka,  111.,  for  seven  years ;  owns  a 
farm  of  105  acres  of  fine  improved 
land,  valued  at  S8,000  ;  he  married  Miss 
Maria  J.  McCorkle,  of  Eureka ;  one 
child— Charlie,  born  Julv  16,  1875. 

RAILS,  JACOB,  farmer  and  black- 
smith ;  P.  0.  Cruger. 

Rife,  S.  A.  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Rork,  Danit'l,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Cru<2:er. 

RAY,  THOMAS,  former  f  P.  0. 
Eureka;  was  born  in  Butler  Co.,  Ohio, 
Sept.  12,  1826;  son  of  Phillip  and 
Elinor  (McCain)  Ray,  who  were  among 
the  first  settlers  in  Ohio  ;  he  remained 
on  his  father's  farm  until  1850  ;  he  then 
went  to  California,  where  he  remained 
for  six  years,  engaged  in  mining  and 
he  returned  and  settled  in 
Co.,  111.,  farming  for  seven 
yeai's ;  from  there  he  came  to  Woodford 
Co.,  and  settled  on  the  farm  he  now 
lives  on.  Mr.  Ray  has  held  the  office  of 
School  Director  for  seven  years ;  his 
political  opinions  are  Republican ;  had 
four  brothers  in  the  late  war ;  one  of  his 
brothers,  Henry  C.,  was  killed  at  the 
battle  of  Chickamauga;  his  father,  Philip 
Ray,  was  born  March  16,  1788,  died 
Fall  of  1849;  his  mother,  Elinor  Ray, 
was  born  3Iarch  6,  1806  ;  is  livini;-  on  the 
old  homestead,  in  Butler  Co.,  Ohio  ;  he 
married  March  12,  1861,  to  Miss  Mary 
E.  Wright,  of  Pa.,  born  March  6,  1833, 
daughter  of  James  Wright ;  five  children 
—  Nellie  was  born  July  9,  1862 ;  Annie 
H.,  born  March  18,  1866;  Henry  C, 
born  April  21,  1870;  James  W.,  born 
May  23,  1871 ;  Edith  C,  born  April  4, 
1873. 

REECE,  JOHN  S.,  former  ;  P.  0. 
Cruger  ;  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  April 
19,  1812;  is  the  son  of  Jeremiah  and 
Rebecca  (Robinson)  Reece,  of  Penu.syl- 
vania.  Mr.  Reece  remained  on  his 
father's  farm  until  he  entered  a  black- 
smith shop  in  Wheeling,  W.  Va.,  where 
he  learned  that  trade ;  in  1853,  he  emi- 
grated west  and  settled  in  Peoria,  111., 
where  he  remained  about  two  years , 
thence  to  Brimfield ;  from  there  he 
came  to  Woodford  County,  111.,  and  set- 
tled on  the  place  where  he  now  lives, 
which  consists  of  325  acres  of  fine  laud, 


and  improvements,  all  of  which  has  been 
made  by  hard  labor  and  j/ood  mauagre- 
ment.  Mr.  Reece,  socially,  has  a  pleas- 
ing address  and  genial  manners  that  win 
the  respect  of  all.  He  is  a  member  of 
the  Methodist  Church ;  his  political 
opinions  are  Republican.  He  married 
Mrs.  Ellen  Holmes  in  1867;  have  five 
children — Effie,  Sherman,  Johnnie,  Wiu- 
field  and  Grrant. 

SMITH,  CHRISTIAN,  farmer  ;  P.  0. 
Cruger. 
Souder,  Henry,  farmer  ;  P,  0.  Cruger. 
Shortridge.  Sauford,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Cruger. 
Swisher,  H.  K.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Schamberg,  Frank,  blksmith;  P.  0.  Ci'uger. 
Schreider,  Jos.,  Postmaster;  P.O.  Cruger. 
Stemke,  Fritz,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Cruger. 
Stalter,  Joseph,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Cruger. 
Stalter,  Chris.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Cruger. 
Stuckey,  John,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Cruger. 
Smith.  Emily  L.,  P.  0.  Crusher. 

SCHREIBER,     FRANCIS    J., 

merchant ;  P.  0.  Cruger ;  was  born  in 
Bavaria,  Grermany,  in  1828  ;  he  emi- 
grated to  America  and. settled  in  Wood- 
ford Co.  in  1853;  he  came  here  in 
moderate  circumstances  ;  he  commenced 
work  in  a  brickyard  in  Germantown  ; 
here  he  saved  a  little  money  in  the 
brick  yard  business  and  farming ;  he 
then  came  to  Cruger  in  1859  and 
opened  a  small  general  merchandise 
store,  and  to-day  with  his  hard  labor, 
good  management,  and  fair  dealing,  is 
the  owner  of  one  of  the  best  general 
merchandise  stores  in  Woodford  Co.; 
was  appointed  Postmaster  of  Cruger 
in  1860,  which  office  he  has  held  ever 
since  ;  has  held  office  of  School  Director 
and  Town  Clerk ;  married  Miss  Adline 
Happ,  of  Germany  ;  five  children.  Mr. 
S.  is  Liberal  in  his  politics  ;  member  of 
the  Catholic  Church. 

TULLIS,     WM.,      farmer;      P.    0. 
Eureka. 
Tomb,  R.  D.,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Cruger. 
Timothy,  Michael,  R.  R.    laborer ;  P.  0. 

Cruger. 
Tomb,    M.    W.,    farmer;   P.     0.  Cruger. 
Tomb,  W.  S.,  farmer;  P.  0.   Cruger. 
Tucker,  Thos.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Cruger. 
Thomp.son,  Jas.,   farmer;    P.   0.    Cruger. 

WRIGHT,   ALBIN,  former;  P.  0. 
Cruger. 
Wilson,  Mary  ;  P.  0.  Cruger. 


MINONK   TOWNSHIP. 


547 


Wallahan,  F.  W.,  farmer  ;    P.  0.    Cruger. 

Watson,  John  H.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Cruger. 

Watkins,  W.  C,  retired  ;    P.  0.  Eureka. 

Wallulian,   P]lizabotli ;   P.  0.   Cruger. 

WALLAHAN,  GEO.  A.,  farmer 
and  stock  raiser ;  Sec.  3  ;  P.  O.  Eureka  ; 
is  a  native  of  Columbiana  Co.,  Ohio. 
He  was  born  on  the  liGth  of  May,  1817; 
he  has  always  been  engaged  in  agri- 
cultural pursuits  ;  in  1856  he  removed 
to  Rock  Co.;  Wis.,  and  after  four  years 
came  to  AYoodford  Co.  ;  spent  one  year 


near  Eureka  and  then  settled  on  his 
present  farm,  where  he  owns  160  acres 
of  land  valued  at  $9,600.  He  also  owns 
a  farm  of  160  acres  in  Metamora  Tp., 
valued  at  about  the  same  price.  Mr. 
Wallahan  was  married  Dec.  29,  1840, 
to  Miss  Elizabeth  Hardman,  who  was 
born  in  Columbiana  Co.,  Ohio,  Oct.  31, 
1822.  They  have  had  four  children, 
three  of  whom  are  living — Susan, 
Frank  W.  and  Ida  A. 


MINONK  TOWNSHIP. 


A    LBERSEN,  JNO.,  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Ahlers,  Diedrick,  fanner;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Adams,  J).  S.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Apeland,  E. 

Anderson,  Pierpont,  far. ;  P.  0.  Woodford. 
Aden,  Jno.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Woodford. 
Aupperle.  Jno.  F.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Ackloy,  Peter,  laborer ;   P.  0.  Minonk. 
Avis,  Jno.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Woodford. 

ARMSTRONG,  MILTON,  Sec. 

9  ;  P.  0.  Minonk  ;  born  in  Maury  Co., 
Tenn.,  April  30,  1811  ;  came  to  Illinois 
Sept.,  1830,  locating  in  Bond  Co.,  where 
he  resided  until  1846,  when  he  removed 
to  Grant  Co.,  Wis.  ;  returned  to  Illinois 
in  1867,  locating  on  the  farm  where  he 
now  resides ;  owns  40  aci'es  of  land, 
valued  at  ^55  per  acre  ;  married  in  1834, 
Miss  Sarah  Robinson  ;  she  was  born  in 
North  Carolina ;  died  in  1872 ;  three 
children,  all  died  in  the  army — William 
W.,  died  at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  in  1862; 
James  R.,  fell  in  the  battle  of  the  Wil- 
derness in  1864;  John  B..  died  in  Madi- 
son, Wis.,  in  1863.  Was  again  married 
in  1873,  to  Mrs.  Martha  A.  Templeton, 
whose  maiden  name  was  Hollinback 
she  was  born  in  Perry  Co.,  Ohio ;  she 
has  seven  children,  six  living — Jacob 
F.,  Martha  A.,  Eliza,  William,  Anna 
B.  and  Charles  E.;  lost  one — Thornton 
T.,  died  July  2,  1858. 
"DUNK,  WM.,  laborer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Bates,  Isaac,  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Bailey,  Alma;  P.  O.  Minonk. 

Blodgett,  D.  E.,  carpenter  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 


'   I 


Bennington,  R.  S.,  retired  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Boden,  Henry,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Bowen,  J.  F.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Bunger,  Jacob,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Minonk. 

Burns,  Michael,  sec.  boss  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Brooks,  A.  N.,  Street  Com. ;  P.O.  Minonk. 

Burns,  Robert,  well  borer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Bates,  A.  M. ;  P.  0.  3Iinonk. 

Burt,  J.  S.,  house  mover ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Brock,  Aaley  ;   P.  0.  Minonk. 

Brooks,  R.  Gr.,  feed  stable  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Bell,  R.  P.,  retired ;   P.  0.  Minonk. 

Blanchard,  Enoch,  phys.  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

BEAL,  WILLIAM,  SR.,  farmer; 
sec.  3 ;  P.  0.  Minonk ;  born  in  Knox 
Co.,  0.,  May  26,  1836  ;  came  to  Illinois 
in  1859,  locating  in  Mason  Co.;  came  to 
Woodford  Co.,  in  1864;  removed  to  his 
present  home  in  the  Fall  of  1867  ;  mar- 
ried Miss  Malora  Richards,  in  1867  ;  she 
was  born  in  Woodford  Co.;  four  children 
— William,  Jr.,  Etta,  Franklin ;  Mr. 
Beal  enlisted  in  the  47th  111.  Inf.,  in 
Sept.,  1861;  mustered  out  in  Oct., 
1864. 

BELL,  JOHN  E.  P.,  Justice  of  the 
Peace  and  insurance ;  P.  0.  Minonk ; 
born  in  Harrison  Co.,  Ind.,  June  5, 
1823,  but  removed  to  Illinois  in  early 
childhood,  with  his  parents,  who  settled 
in  Putnam,  now  Marshall  Co.,  Oct.  5, 
1833;  the  journey  from  their  Indiana 
home  was  made  with  ox  teams,  and  their 
residence  for  a  few  days  after  reaching 
their  destination  was  a  cloth  tent,  then 
a  shanty,  and  within  two  weeks  after 
their  arrival,  a  log  house  was  completed ; 
owns  160  acres  of  land,  valued  at  $45 

4 


548 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


per  acre ;  held  several  minor  oflBces 
while  a  resident  of  Marshall  Co.;  mar- 
ried, March  18,  18-1:7,  to  Miss  Sophia 
L.  Hudson  ;  she  was  born  in  Ohio;  two 
children — one  living.  Lillie  C;  lost  one, 
Mary  E..  died  Feb.  9,  1871. 

Bedford,  John,  clerk ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Bulkeley,  R.  T.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Bixhy,  Jos.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Woodford. 

Battles.  John  H.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Minonk. 

Black,  John,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Bumgartner,  J.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Boston,  Henry,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Broer,  F.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

BARNETT,  JAMES  N.  (Barnett 

&  Pielstickj,  general  stock  of  dry 
goods  and  groceries ;  P.  0.  Minonk ; 
born  in  Ohio  Co.,  K3'..  March  21, 1833. 
Came  to  Illinois  in  1850,  locating  in 
Wilborton  Tp.,  Fayette  Co.  Removed 
to  Shabonier  in  1866  and  engaged  in 
the  mercantile  business.  Located  at 
Minonk,  his  present  home,  in  1871. 
Owns  820  acres  of  land,  valued  at 
83,000.  Married  in  1855  to  Miss  Vir- 
ginia A.  Lyons.  She  was  born  in  Han- 
cock Co.,  Ky.  Six  children  living — 
Lizzie  L.,  Alice,  AVayland,  Andrew  F., 
Charles  S.  and  Isaac  Newton  ;  lost  one, 
Richard  C,  died  April  12,  1863. 

Brantz,  Wm.,  painter;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Breen,  Maurice,  farmer;  P.  0.  Woodford. 

Blodgett,  Sarah  A.,  P.  0.  Minonk. 

BROWN,  JOSEPH  H.,  grain  and 
dry  goods ;  P.  0.  Minonk  ;  born  in 
Virginia,  Nov.  28,  1812;  came  to  Illi- 
nois in  June,  1837,  locating  in  Wash- 
ington, Tazewell  Co.,  where  he  resided 
until  18-10  ;  then  moved  to  Spring  Bay 
Township,  Woodford  County;  resided 
for  a  time  in  Marshall  and  LaSalle 
Counties,  returning  to  Woodford  and 
locating  at  Minonk,  his  present  home, 
in  1855  ;  the  place  then  containing  one 
store  and  a  few  dwellings.  In  1842,  he 
married  Miss  Sarah  A.  Gray ;  she  was 
born  in  Indiana ;  five  children,  four  liv- 
ing— ^lary  (wife  of  John  J.  Jury), 
Laura  (wife  of  Oscar  M.  Smith),  Will- 
iam and  Robert  G  ;  lost  one,  Ellen, 
died  in  December,  1872. 

Burkman,  Geo.,  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Burroughs,  W.  S.,  far.;    P.  0.  Woodford. 

Burton.  Stephen,  farmer ;  P.  0.   Minonk. 

Bamber,  Chas.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Bruuing,  Wm.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 


[  Burt,  J.  Frank,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Bruning,  Frank,  saloon;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Benington,  Wm.,  farmer  ;    P.  0.  Minonk. 

BELL,  JOHN  A.,  sewing  machines, 
pianos  and  organs  ;  P.  0.  Minonk  ;  was 
born  in  Springfield,  111.,  Feb.  11,  1842. 
Removed  to  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in  early 
childhood,  and  to  Lacon,  Marshall  Co., 
111.,  in  1859 ;  located  at  Minonk,  his 
present  home,  in  1865.  Owns  160 
acres  of  land  in  Pike  Co.,  and  80  acres 
in  Calhoun  Co.,  111.,  valued  at  $5,000. 
Was  elected  to  the  City  Council  in  1876, 
and  re-elected  in  1878.  In  1863,  was 
married  to  Miss  Sarah  E.  Fairbanks ; 
she  was  born  in  DeKalb  County,  111.  ; 
have  three  children,  Mary  V.,  Cora  L. 
and  Emma  L. 

GUSHING,  M.  A.,  banker,  drugs,  and 
Postmaster ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Christopher,  F.,  saloon  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Chandler,  E.  W.,  carp.  ;   P.  0.  Minonk. 

Clark,  L.  H.,  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Clark,  T.  R.,  dealer  in  fruit  trees  ;  P.  0. 
Minonk. 

Gushing,  S.  D.,  banker  and  dealer  in 
drugs,  etc.;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Gushing,  M.  A.  &  Co.,  bankers  and  deal- 
ers in  drugs,  etc.;  P.  0.  3Iinonk. 

CLEGG,  SAMUEL,  farmer ;  P.  0. 
Dana,  La  Salle  Co.;  born  in  Ohio  (now 
Marshall)  Co.,  Va.,  July  5,  1811; 
came  to  Illinois  in  the  Fall  of  1854, 
stopping  near  Washburn,  this  county, 
until  the  Spring  of  1856,  when  he 
located  on  the  farm  on  which  he  now 
resides ;  owns  420  acres  of  land,  valued 
at  820,000 ;  served  as  Road  Commis- 
sioner and  School  Trustee  two  terms, 
and  School  Director  several  terms ; 
married  in  1834  to  Miss  Lydia  Martin  ^ 
she  was  born  in  Green  Co.,  Pa.,  Feb. 
25,  1813;  eleven  children,  eight  living 
— Kezia,  wife  of  Alfred  White ;  Robert 
M. ;  Mary,  wife  of  Wm.  Fryburger ;, 
Rebecca,  wife  of  John  Bane;  Elizabeth, 
wife  of  John  Thorp ;  James  P.;  Mi- 
nerva, wife  of  John  Marshall ;  Lois  S.^ 
wife  of  Wm.  H.  Wright  ;  lost  three — 
Texana,  wife  of  W.  W.  Pritchard,  died 
in  1876  ;  others  died  in  infancy. 

Comstock,  T.  H.,  farmer;  P.  0.   Minonk. 

Conners,  Phillip,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Minonk. 

Carrithers,  E.  C.,   farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Calligan,  Mathew,  farmer;   P.  0.  Minonk. 

Cheney,  Lawrence,  lab.;  P.  0.  Minonk. 


MINONK  TOWNSHTP. 


549 


CLARKE,  THOS.  P.,  proprietor  of 
the  citj  express  and  passenger  transfer, 
and  agent  for  the  American  Express 
Co.;  P.  0.  Minonk  ;  born  in  Ebensburg, 
Cambria  Co.,  Pa.,  .March  12,  1846; 
came  to  Illinois  in  the  Fall  of  1870, 
locating  at  St.  Johns  ;  removed  to  Mi- 
nonk, his  present  home,  in  1871  ;  mar- 
ried in  June,  1873,  to  Miss  Annette  L. 
Goodrich ;  she  was  born  in  the  State  of 
New  York;  one  child — Graoie  H. 

CHRISTIANS,  HARM  AN,  SR., 

agricultural  implements  ;  P.  0.  Minonk ; 
born  in  Berlin,  Germany,  Aug.  10, 
1828 ;  came  to  this  country  in  1850, 
locating  in  Dodge  Co.,  Wis.;  came  to 
Illinois  in  the  Spring  of  1852,  locating 
at  Minonk,  his  present  home,  where  he 
engaged  in  blacksmithing  for  the  111. 
Cent.  R.  R.;  his  blacksmith  shop,  built 
in  1855,  was  the  first  built  in  the  city 
of  Minonk;  married,  in  1850,  to  Miss 
Bertha  F.  Schultz ;  she  was  born  in 
Germany  ;  eleven  children,  eight  living 
— Harman  A.,  Jr.,  Clara  E.,  Louisa  L., 
Eda,  Augusta  L.,  Frederick  M.,  Grant 
U.  and  Daisy;  lost  three — A.  H.  died  in 
1852;  others  died  in  infancy;  Mr. 
Christians'  daughter,  Clara  E.,  was  the 
first  child  born  in  the  city  of  Minonk. 

DANFORTH  &  CO.,  bankers  ;  P.  0. 
Minonk. 

Danforth,  Fred.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Danforth,  Mary  H. ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Doom,  Jno.  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Dunne,  Jno.  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Denby,  R.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Doyle,  Dennis,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Denikas,  W.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Denikas,  Henry,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Dapper,  Theo.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Doyle,  Wm.,  miner  ;   P.  0.  Minonk. 

Danforth,  A.  H.,  drugs;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Dieken,  T.  I.,  clerk  ;  >.  0.  Minonk. 

DOBSON,  CHARLES  (Charles 
Dobson  k  Co.),  miller  ;  P.  0.  Minonk  ; 
born  in  Yorkshire,  England,  Oct.  19, 
1822.  Removed  to  this  country  in 
early  childhood,  with  his  parents,  who 
settled  in  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.,  in  1831.  He 
came  to  Illinois  in  1838,  locating  in 
Marshall,  then  Putnam  County  ;  re- 
moved to  Minonk,  his  present  home,  in 
Aug.,  185-4  ;  here  he  built  the  first 
dwelling  ;  also  served  as  the  first  Post- 
master and  School  Director.     Engaged 


in  the  grain  trade  that  year,  and  the 
following  Fall  opened  a  store.  Owns 
160  acres  of  land,  valued  at  $16,000. 
Married  April  17,  1845,  to  Miss  Susan 
Hollenbeck.  She  was  born  in  Ohio  ; 
died  Dec.  21,  1844.  One  child— Mary 
E.,  wife  of  Benj.  Pope  ;  was  again  mar- 
ried Aug.  29,  1850,  to  Mary  E.  Perry. 
She  was  born  in  Kentucky  ;  six  chil- 
dren by  this  union — Franklin  P.,  Susan 
A.,  Hattie,  Fannie,  Alfred  B.  and 
Charley. 

Dunham,  C.   E.,  flour    and  feed  ;     P.  0. 
Minonk. 

De  Boer,  G.  H.,  bakery  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Davison  Bros.,  soda  water  mfrs. ;    P.  0. 
Minonk. 

Davison,  N.  L.,  &  Sons,  soda  water  mfrs. 
P.O.  Minonk. 

Davison,   E.   S  ,  soda  water  mfr.  ;  P.   0. 
Minonk. 

Davison,  N.  L.,  Sr.,  soda  water  mfr.  ;  P.O. 
Minonk. 

Davis,  G.  E.,  carpenter;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Downing,  Jno.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Deacy,  Martin,  mason  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Dent,  C.  H.,  clerk  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Davison,  D.  W.,  barber  ;   P.  0.  Minonk. 

Dunn,  W.  R.,  banker  ;   P.  O.  Minonk. 

Dudden,  Ed.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

ENGLES,    CHRIS.,    farmer;    P.    0. 
Woodford. 
Eden,  E.  B.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Woodford. 
Eby,  A.  J.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Woodford. 
Eden,  W.  B.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Woodford. 
Eilers,  John,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Eden,  G.  B.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Ewers,  Samuel,  lecturer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Eilts,  H.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Ewen,  E.  A.,  dlr.  ag.  imps.;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Eanor,  C,  laborer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

FAIRBANKS,  J.,  lab.;  P.  0.  Minonk. 


F 


Fulton,  H.  D.,  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Fillingham,  Levi,  farmer;   P.  0.  Minonk. 
Flesner,  J.  W.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Fillingham,  Ed.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Facemire,  S.  W.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Foybarger,  Wm.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Fehring,  John,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Fischer,  Louis,  butcher ;  P.  0.   Minonk. 
Frerichs,  J.   H.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Minonk. 
Forney,  J.,  Sr.,g'n and  lum.;  P.O.  Minonk. 
Fuller  Bros.,  butchers;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Fuller,  C.  S.,  butcher ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Ferdinand,  Christ.,  far.;  P.  0.  Woodford. 


550 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


FORT,  JAMES  M.,  attorney,  pub- 
lisher and  dealer  in  real  estate ;  P.  0. 
Minonk ;    born    in    Marshall   Co.,    111., 
July  1,  184:6;  removed  to  Minonk,  his 
present   home,    in    July,    1870  ;    com- 
menced the  study  of  law  in  1864,  and 
was  admitted   to  the  bar  in  1869  ;  he 
has  served  as  Supervisor  and  City  Clerk 
married  in  1870,  to  Miss  Carrie  Clark 
she  was  born  in  the  State  of  Indiana 
two    children — one   living.   Arthur    C, 
Flora  G.  died  Aug.  26,  1872. 

Fowler,  Thos.  J.,  laborer;   P.  0.  Minonk. 

Ferrin.  E.  C,  laborer;   P.  0.  Minonk. 

FERRIN  HENRY  K.,  Justice  of 
the  Peace  and  insurance;  P.  0.  Minonk; 
born  in  Concord,  N.  H.,  March  26, 
1834  ;  came  to  Illinois  in  the  Spring  of 
1858,  locating  at  Minonk,  his  present 
home ;  he  has  served  as  Justice  of  the 
Peace  since  1861,  except  while  in  the 
army ;  enlisted  in  the  77th  111.  Inft.,  in 
1862  ;  mustered  out  in  1863  ;  served  as 
Supervisor  several  terms ;  member  of 
the  City  Council  in  1865;  has  also  held 
other  minor  city  and  town  offices ;  mar- 
ried in  1855,  to  Miss  Loretta  P.  San- 
born ;  she  was  born  in  Swanton,  Vt.  ; 
one  child — Lillia  E.  Mr.  F.  is  a  mem- 
ber of  Robert  Morris  Lodge,  Xo.  247, 
A.,  F.  and  A.  M. 

FILGER,  DAVID,  dealer  in  live 
stock  ;  P.  0.  Minonk  ;  born  in  Wayne 
Co.,  Ohio,  March  2,  1834 ;  came  to  Illi- 
nois in  the  Spring  of  1853,  locating  at 
Tonica,  La  Salle  Co.,  where  he  resided 
until  1861,  with  exception  of  one  year 
spent  in  Iowa ;  removed  to  Minonk,  his 
present  home,  in  1861,  where  he  en- 
gaged in  the  grain  trade,  building  an 
elevator  in  1864,  and  continuing  in 
same  business  until  1876  ;  enlisted  in 
77th  I.  Y.  in  1862 ;  discharged  on  ac- 
count of  gunshot  wound  in  1863;  mem- 
ber of  City  Council  in  1874  ;  Mayor  of 
the  (?ity  from  April,  1875  to  1877  ;  owns 
400  acres  of  land,  valued  at  $18,000  ; 
married  in  1864  to  Miss  Magsjie  N. 
Garton  ;  she  was  born  in  Illinois. 

GROSSMAN,    HENRY,   former;  P. 
0.  Minonk. 
Gray,  Robert  W.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Minonk. 
Garrels,  Jno.,  corn  sheller ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Gaisford,  Wm.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Goolell,  Wm.,  miller;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Gerdis.  D  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 


Geiken,  D..  farmer;   P.  0.  Minonk. 
Gordon,  J.  C,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Guinne,  Danl,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Woodford. 
Goodrich,  Nancy  E.;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Gorman,  Dennis,  laborer :   P.  0.  Minonk. 

GILBERT,    JOSEPH    W..   dry 

goods,  clothing,  boots  and  shoes ;  P.  0. 
Minonk ;  born  in  Otsego  Co.,  N.  Y.. 
May  27,  1831 ;  removed  to  the  State  of 
Ohio  in  1850,  and  Dubuque,  Iowa,  in 
1869;  in  1872,  he  located  in  Chicago, 
and  one  year  later  removed  to  Minonk, 
his  present  home ;  has  served  as  mem- 
ber of  the  City  Council ;  member  of  Mi- 
nonk Lodge  No.  377,  I.  0.  0.  F. ;  mar- 
ried, Jan.  1,  1871,  to  Miss  Estella  A. 
Gnerin ;  she  was  born  in  Dubuque,  la. 

Gay,  James,  blacksmith  ;   P.   0.   Minonk. 

Girdes,  Dirk,  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Gay,  William,  blacksmith ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Goodwin,  E.,  brick  maker ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Garrels,  Fred.,  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Goodrich  &  Newton,  lumbermen  ;  P.  0. 
Minonk. 

Gordon, W.  M.,  lumberman  ;  P.O.  Minonk. 

Gaisford,  James,  retired  ;    P.   0.  Minonk. 

Gmelich,  John,  furn.  dlr;    P.  0.  Minonk. 

Goodrich,  C  W.,  lum.  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Golden,  John,  saloon  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Gallaher,  Julia,  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Goodrich,  A.,  lumber  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Grampp,  John,  laborer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Golden.  Catharine  J.,  P.  0.  Minonk. 

HONNEMAN,  FRED.,  laborer;    P. 
0.  Minonk. 
Hitriek,   Jasper,  farmer  ;    P.  0.   Minonk. 
Harms,  H.  A.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.   Minonk. 
Huddleston,  H.  H., farmer;  P.O.  Minonk. 
Hinriclis.  John,  farmer ;    P.  0.    Minonk. 
Hester,  Mrs.  E.,  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Harms,  Henry,  farmer;   P.  0.  Minonk. 
Heeren,  H.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Heeren,  Franz,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Humphrey,  John^  farmer ;   P.  0.  Minonk. 
Hinrich,  E.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Hughes,  P.  C,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Hofferland,  C.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.   Minonk. 
Holder,  J.  M.,  sta.  ast.;  P.  0.  Woodford. 
HAMILTON,  ROBERT  L.,  pro- 

prietor  uf  the  Webber  House.  Minonk  ; 
was  born  in  Columbia  County,  N.  Y., 
Oct.  22,  1828  ;  came  to  Illinois  in  the 
Fall  of  1857,  locating  in  Groveland 
Township,  La  Salle  County  ;  removed 
to  Rock  Falls,  Whiteside  County,  in 
1872,  and  four  years  later  to   Minonk, 


MINONK  TOWNSHIP. 


551 


his  present  home.  Mr.  H.  is  a  member 
of  the  followinEc  Masonic  bodies  :  New 
Rutland  Lodge,  No.  477  ;  New  Rutland 
Chapter,  No.  112,  R.  A.  M.,  and  Coun- 
cil No.  52,  U.  D.  Married,  in  1854,  to 
Miss  Anna  C.  Webber ;  she  was  born 
in  Green  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  four  children — 
Loisa,  Ida,  Etta  J.  and  George  H. 

Hester,  John,  laborer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Hinrich,  H.,  painter  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Henkell,  Henry,  painter;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Hanson,  Geo.,  painter;  P.  0.  ^linonk. 

Hazelbaker,  A.,  Constable ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Hollenbach,  J.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Harper,  W.  C,  fish  dealer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Hickman,  H.  M.,  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Hohlen,  Wm.,  laborer;  P.  O.  Minonk. 

Hulseman,  J.,  shoemaker;   P.  0.  Minonk. 

Hedge,  H.  0.,  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Hesse  &  Williams,  dry  goods;  P.  0. 
Minonk. 

Herman,  V.,  harness  maker;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Henkel,  Fred,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Hughes,  Bridget,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

yANUARY,  J.  W.,  far.;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Jones,  W.  H.,  miller;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Johnson,  D.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Woodford. 

Jansen,  H.  D.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Woodford. 

Johnson,  D.  H.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Johnson,  C.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Johnson,  R.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Johnson,  J.  B.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Johnson,  J.  H.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

James,  B.  F.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Julg  &  Woltzen,  har.  mkrs.;  P.O.  3Iinonk. 

Julg,  Wm.,  harness  maker  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Jenkinson,  B.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Minonk. 

Jochum,  B.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Jochum,  John,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

JURY,  JOHN  J.,  farmer;  P.O. 
Minunk;  born  in  Devonshire,  England, 
Feb.  6,  1836;  came  to  this  country  in 
the  Summer  of  1850,  locating  at  Low 
Point,  Woodford  Co.,  111.;  came  to 
Minonk  Township  in  1856,  removing  to 
his  present  home  Feb.  6,  1868  ;  owns 
200  acres  of  land,  valued  at  S10,000; 
married  in  Dec,  1860,  to  Mi.ss  Mary  E. 
Brown ;  she  was  born  in  Woodford  Co.; 
three  children — Genevieve  A.,  Welby 
R.,  Adelbert  L. 

TT^ETCHUM,  J.,  carp.;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Keedy,  Mrs.  M.  A.;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Keer,  D.,  bar  tender  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 


I  Kerrick,  Josiah,  miller ;   P.  0.  Minonk. 
I  Kohl,  Thos.,  retired;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Knapp,  Peter,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Kirby,  Thos.,  farmer;  P   0.  Woodford. 

Kirk,  Samuel,  Postmaster  and  general  mer- 
chandise ;  P.  0.  Woodford. 

Koster,  Harm,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Kelley,  Pat.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Koerchner,  Peter,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Kalkwaif,  J.  D.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Kelly,  Barnard,  firmer :   P.  0.  Minonk. 

KIPP  &  GORDON,  lumber,  lath, 
shingles,  sash,  doors,  blinds,  etc.;  P.  0. 
Minonk.  Kipp,  Adelbert  B.,  born  in 
Lexington,  Green  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  12, 
1844;  came  to  Illinois  in  April,  1861, 
locatins"  at  Tonica,  La  Salle  Co.;  enlisted 
65th  ill.  Inf  in  1862,  and  served 
during  the  war  ;  located  at  Minonk,  his 
present  home,  in  1866,  and  engaged  in 
the  lumber  trade  ;  served  as  member  of 
the  City  Council  from  1871  to  1874. 
Gordon,  William  M.,  born  in  Switzer- 
land Co.,  Ind.,  March  20,  1840  ;  came 
to  Illinois  in  Oct.,  1850,  locating  at 
Henry,  Marshall  Co. ;  enlisted  in  the 
77th  111.  Inf  in  1862,  mustered  out  in 
1863 ;  located  in  Clayton  Township, 
this  county,  in  1865 ;  removed  to 
Minonk  in  1875. 

Keller,  William,  saloon ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Koethen,  G.,  general  merchandise  ;  P.  0. 
Minonk. 

Koethen,  Catharine  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Kidder,  S.,  dry  goods ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Kenyon,  D.  P.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Kleinau,  F.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Kennedy,  Thomas,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Minonk. 

Kipp,  A.  B.,  lumber;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Kipp,  E.  B.,  lumber;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Kipp,  Mrs.  A.  E.;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Koch,  George,  blacksmith  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Keedy,  Louisa  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Kipp,  Mary  E.  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Koethen,  Anna ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Keittrioh,  UfFke,  farmer ;  P.  0.    Minonk. 
!   Koester,  Herman,  far.  ;   P.  0.  Minonk. 

T    ASHER,  A.,  laborer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Lubben,  George,    laborer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Livingston,  H.  carp. ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Lichtenstein,  L.,  clothier;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Lee,  0.  S.,  clerk  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Louks,  J.  0.,  teacher ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Lambert,  Henry,  gardener;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Livingston,  Jas.,  retired ;  P.   0.    Minonk. 


552 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


Lee,  W.  C,  nurseryman  ;  P.  0.   Minonk. 
Lee,  Greorge,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minouk. 
Lee.  Levi,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Luderman,  Benjamin. 
Lovell,  Wm.,  engineer  ;   P.  0.  Minonk. 
Locker,  Chvis.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

McCREARY,  T.  B.,  farmer;  P.O. 
Minonk. 

jMain,  William,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Morris,  John  &  Co.,  furniture  ;  P.  0.  Mi- 
nonk. 

Martin,  Jas.  M.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Miller,  H.  A.,  grocer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Miles,  Jacob,  blacksmith  ;  P.   0.  Minouk. 

Martin,  Euclid,  hardware ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Metz,  Mathias,  harness  mkr.  ;  P.  0.  Mi- 
nonk. 

Meyir,  William,  saloon;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Monk,  Theo.  ;  P.  0.  3Iinonk. 

Miller,  S.  A.,  hardware;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Monk,  R.  H.,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Minonk. 

Morris,  John,  furniture  dlr.  ;  P.  0.  Mi- 
nonk. 

Memmen,  A.  J.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Melchert,  F.  Sr.,  minister  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

McKean,  John,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minouk. 

McKeever,  Wm.,  retired  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

McDonald.  D.,  pit  boss  at  the  shaft ;  P.  0. 
Minonk. 

Martin,  J.  D.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Mcintosh,  M.  L..  laborer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Maurer,  B.,  P.  0.  Minonk. 

McKay,  James,  farmer  ;  P.O.  Minonk. 

McClay,  Rebecca  ,  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Minger,  J.  U..  real  estate  ;   P.  0.  Minonk. 

Muchow.  Lena  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

McSparren.  A.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Mooney.  Jonas,  farmer  :  P.  0.  Minnnk. 

McCONKEY,  JONATHAN  M., 

farmer;  See-,  lo;  P.  0.  Minonk;  born 
in  Washington  Co.,  Ya.,  Oct.  28,  1818, 
but  removed  to  Illinois  in  childhood,  with 
his  parents,  who  settled  in  Edgar  Co. 
in  1828.  Made  the  overland  trip  to 
California  in  1850.  returnins:  in  1855 
to  Marshall  Co.  Removed  to  his  pres- 
ent home  in  the  Spring  of  1857.  Owns 
160  acres  of  land,  valued  at  §9,000  ; 
married  in  1844.  to  Miss  Catharine 
Reeves  ;  she  was  born  in  Athens  Co.. 
Ohio,  Oct.  9,1823.-  Six  children— Mary 
W.  (wife  of  James  Wilson ).  Laura  C., 
Clara  ;  lost  three — Frances.  Cyrus  W. 
and  Charles  W.  3Ir.  3IeConkev's  fa- 
ther.  John  S.,  served  in  the  wai"  of  1812, 
Black  Hawk  and  Mexican  wars. 


METCALF,  WILLIAM,  farmer  ; 
Sec.  12  :  P.  0.  Minonk;  born  in  Xor- 
thumberland,  England.  Aug.  30,  1817  ; 
came  t<i  this  cnuntrv  in  1853.  locating 
in  Minonk  Town?;hip,  Woodtbrd  Co.,  on 
the  farm  where  he  now  resides.  Owns 
80  acres  of  land,  valued  at  S4.000  ;  mar- 
ried in  1841  to  Mary  Arkle.  She  was 
born  in  England,  in  1818;  died  in 
1862.  Eight  children,  four  living — 
John,  William  J.,  Elizabeth  (wife  of 
Saml.  R.  Dawson),  Thomas  A.  Lost 
three — Ann  died  in  1843,  Margaret  in 
1854.  Was  again  married,  in  1866.  to 
Sarah  A.  Martin ;  she  was  born  in 
Ohio  ;    died    in    1875.     One    child — 

MORRIS,  GEORGE  W.  (Morris 
&  Sipple,  carpenters  and  buildei"S);  P.  0. 
Minonk;  born  in  Greene  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept. 
22,  1844  ;  came  to  111.  in  1860,  locating 
at  Tonica,  La  Salle  Co.;  removed  to 
Wenona  in  1863;  enlisted  in  the  2d 
111.  Cav.  in  1864,  mustered  out  Jan.  2, 

1866,  locating  at  Minonk,  hLs  present 
home,  the  same  year  ;  married  in  May, 

1867,  to  Miss  Margaret  J.  Bell;  she 
was  born  in  Mai-shall  Co.,  111.;  four  chil- 
dren— Mazia  M.,  Katie  B.,  Minnie  L. 
and  Henrietta.  Mr.  M.  is  a  member  of 
Minonk  Lodge.  No.  377,  I.  0.  0.  F. 

McKEEVER,  JNO.,prop.  Delmonieo 
restaurant  and  hotel ;  P.  0.  Minonk; 
born  in  Perry  Co.,  Ohio,  Jan.  29,  1848; 
removed  to  111.  in  early  childhood,  with 
his  parents,  who  located  in  Marshall  Co.; 
came  to  Minonk.  his  present  home,  in 
1866;  married  in  1877,  to  Miss  Fannie 
H.  Robinson;  she  was  born  in  New 
Hampshire  ;  one  child — Annie  F. 

McCune.  Frank,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Meyer,  H.  G-.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Melchert,  F.  Jr.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

McCoy,  Alex.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Merdian.  S.  J.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Memmen,  Christ,  farmer ;  P.  0.    Minouk. 

Ma}-,  Herman,  farmer;  P.  0.   Minonk. 

Memmen,  Jno.  H.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

McGrrail,  Jno.,  firmer;   P.  0.  Minonk. 

McGrail,  Pat.,  farmer;  P.  0-  Minonk. 

Morris,  Richard,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Woodford. 

McNamara,  M.,  farmer;  P  O.  Minonk. 

Muebow,  Chas.,  baker  ;   P    0.   Minonk. 

Mosby,  Julia  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Miller,  Horace  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Miller,  S.  A.,  hardware;   P.  0.  Minonk. 


MINONK  TOWNSHIP. 


553 


Mccarty,  milburn,  m.  d., 

physician  aud  surgeon  ;  P.  0.  Minonk  ; 
born  in  Lebanon,  Marion  Co.,  Ky.,  June 
5,  1828  ;  removed  to  Ohio  Co.,  Ky.,  in  • 
1845,  and  three  years  later  commenced 
the  study  of  medicine  with  Dr.  N.  L. 
Lightfoot,  of  Whitesville;  attended  Louis- 
"  villeMedical  College  in  1 851  ;  spent  five 
mouths  at  the  Commercial  Hospital  of 
Cincinnati,  Ohio ;  graduating  at  the 
American  Medical  College  of  that  place 
in  1856  ;  in  1858,  he  attended  lectures 
at  the  St.  Louis  Medical  College  ;  came 
to  Illinois  in  Nov.  1852,  locating  at 
Wilborton,  Fayette  Co.,  and  to  his  pres- 
ent home  in  1871  ;  the  Doctor  has  been 
in  the  constant  practice  of  his  profession 
in  the  South  and  West,  over  twenty-five 
years  ;  owns  800  acres  of  land  valued  at 
$8,000  ;  married  in  1853,  to  Miss  Mary 
A.,  daughter  of  Judge  Wilborton,  of 
Fayette  Co.,  111. ;  she  was  born  in  Ky. ; 
six  children,  one  living — John  S.  ;  lost 
five — Lenora,  died  May  1, 1857  ;  Fallen, 
March,  U,  1860  ;  William  W.,  July 
12,  1863  ;  Willis  W.,  Sept.  12,  1864  ; 
Fannie  R.,  Dec.  19,  1876. 

^TEWTON,  MRS.  0.  A.,  millinery; 

JLN       p.  0.  Minonk. 

Nellinger,  D.,  grain  dealer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Newton,  Gr.  R..  dry  goods  ;  P.   0.  Minonk. 

NEWTON,  REVILO  (Goodrich 
&  Newton),  lumber;  P.  0.  Minonk; 
born  in  Tonica,  La  Salle  Co.,  111.,  April 
II,  1842.  Removed  to  Guthrie,  Iowa, 
in  18 — ,  where  he  resided  six  years, 
locating  at  Minonk,  his  present  home,  in 
1874.  Has  held  the  olfice  of  Justice 
of  the  Peace  several  terms ;  served  as  | 
City  Trea.surer  in  1875-6  ;  is  Mayor  of  | 
the  city  and  member  of  School  Board ; 
enlisted  in  the  88th  III.  Inf  in  1862.  i 
Married  in  1866  to  Miss  Ada  D.  Ander- 
son. She  was  born  in  Mason  Co.,  Ky.; 
two  children — Minnie  A.  and  Florence. 
Mr  Newton  is  a  member  of  Rob  Mo-rris 
Lodge,  No.  247,  A.,  F.  &  A.  M.,  and 
Minonk  Lodse,  No.  377,  T.  0.  0.  F. 

NEWELL,  MARTIN  L.,  attor 

ney;  P.  0.  Minonk;  born  in  Onondaga 
€o.,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  12,  1840.  Graduated 
at  Courtland  University,  N.  Y.,  in  1860. 
Admitted  to  the  bar  of  the  State  of 
New  York  in  1862.  Came  to  Illinois 
in  1866,  locating  at  Minonk,  his  present 
home,    and    was    admitted    to   the    bar  1 


of  this  State  the  same  year.  Served  as 
State's  Attorney  from  1872  to  1876. 
Married  in  1863  to  Miss  Mary  A.  Bee- 
man.  She  was  born  in  Cjurtland  Co., 
N.  Y.;  two  children — Leland  B.  and 
Mason  H.  Mr.  Newell  is  President  of 
the  present  Board  of  Education. 

O'CONNOR,    MATHEW,   teamster; 
P.  0.  Minonk. 
Onken,  Gird,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Ogle.  J.  C,  dry  goods  mer.  ;  P,  0.  Minonk. 
Ogle,  John  ;  P."0.  Minonk. 
O'ConujU,  M.,  tombstones;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Ockenga,  Thos.,  former  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Ockenga,  Pape,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Onken,  Bernard,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Onken,  Onke,  farmer ;  Minonk. 
Oltman,  A.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Onnen,  Geo.,  laborer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
"pOTTS,  J.  W.,  phys.;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Palmer,  A.,  phys.;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Parker,  Martin,  lightning  rod  dealer ;  P. 
0.  Minonk. 

Patterson,  T.  N. ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Parker.  Jackson,  mauf.  wind  pumps  ;  P.O. 
Minonk. 

Perry,  Jas.  K.,  miller;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Pickard,  A. ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Pickard,  Geo.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Pickard,  Jos.,  wagon  mkr. ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Pickard,  Thos.,  blacksmith  ;  P.O.  Minonk. 

Percy,  P.  G.,  clerk ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

PARKIN,  THOMAS,  farmer;  Sec. 
11  ;  P.  0.  Minonk;  born  in  Devonshire, 
England,  April  6,  1847  ;  came  to  this 
country  in  Jan.;  1870,  locating  in 
Woodford  Co.,  111.  ;  married  in  Feb., 
1877,  to  Miss  Nora  A.  Barrett ;  she 
was  born  in  Ireland ;  one  child — Will- 
iam Henry. 

PREISINGER,  FRED.,  (Preisin- 

ger  &  Gray)  blacksmithiug  and  wagon 
making ;  P.  0.  Minonk ;  born  in  Baden, 
Germany,  Jan.  19,  1839  ;  came  to  this 
country  in  1853,  locating  in  Ohio ;  re- 
moved to  Peoria,  111.,  in  1857,  and  two 
years  later  to  Minonk,  his  present 
home ;  has  been  a  member  of  the  City 
Council  since  1873 ;  married  in  1867, 
to  jMiss  Katharina  Kunz ;  she  was  born 
in  Germany.  Mr.  P.  is  a  member  of 
Minonk  Lodge  No.  377,  I.  0.  0.  F. 

PIELSTICK,    GEO..    J.,    JR., 

(Barnett  &  Pielstick),  general  stock  of 
dry  goods  and  groceries  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 


554 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY; 


POPE,  BENJAMIN,  meat  market ; 
P.  0.  Minouk ;  burn  in  Huntingdon- 
shire, England,  Sept.  20,  1834 :  came 
to  this  country  in  1856,  locating  in  Ev- 
ansville,  Ind.;  removed  to  Daviess  Co., 
Ky.,  in  1859  ;  came  to  Illinois  in  1864, 
locating  at  Minonk,  his  present  home ; 
served  as  member  of  the  City  Council, 
in  1876  ;  is  one  of  the  Commissioners 
of  Highways  ;  married  July  27.  1865, 
Miss  Mary  E.  Dobson  ;  she  was  born  in 
Marshall  Co.,  Ill;  two  children — Willie 
Omer  and  Henry  Clay. 

REED,   JNO.,  farmer;  P.   0.  Wood- 
ford. 

Eiley.  James,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Kuft;'Thos..  farmer;  P.  0.  Woodford. 

Eyan,  Michael,  faimer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Eyan,  Daniel,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Woodford. 

Eeints,  E.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minouk. 

Eapp,  Jacob,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Eoll,  Chas.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minouk. 

Eohman,  Phillip,  saloon  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Eothfuss,  Heiman,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  ^linonk. 

Eidge,  James,  farmer;    P.  0.  3Iinonk. 

Eichards,  Thos.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Minonk. 

ROGERS,  ALFRED,  farmer;  Sec 
4  ;  P.  0.  Minonk  ;  born  in  Belle  Plain 
Township,  Marshall  Co.,  111.,  Dec.  25, 
1842  ;  removed  to  Bennington  Town- 
ship in  1869,  and  to  his  present  home, 
Minonk  Township,  Woodford  Co.,  in 
1877  ;  owns  22tt  acres  of  land,  valued 
at  S14,OuO ;  served  as  School  Director 
one  term  in  Marshall  Co. 

Eilev.  Catherine,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Eeeder,  T.  B.,P.  0.  Minonk. 

Eeeder,  B..  well  borer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Eocho,  J.  F.,  mason  ;  P.  0.  Minouk. 

Eickets,  J.  J.,  teamster;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Eowell,  John,  mason  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Eobinson,  J.  P.,  carpenter;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Eogers.  Elbridge,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Woodford. 

Eeeder,  W.  E.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Eoberts,  Israel,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

SHIEK,    S.    A.,    nurseryman;    P.    0. 
Minonk. 
Sullivan,  T.,  laborer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Schmidt,  J.  M.,  grist  mill ;  P.  O.  Benson. 
Snow,  G.  W.,  engineer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Sanger,  H.  P.,  teamster,  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Saggerman,  H.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Saggeiman,  J.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Smith,  P.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Woodford. 
Stiebers,  Fred.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Woodford. 
Stui'bens,  Michael, saloon;  P.  0.  Woodford. 


Smith,  John,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Smith,  Herman,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Shea,  Dennis,  farmer;  P.  0,  Minonk. 

Sickles,  G.  W.,  farmer;  P.  0.  :Minonk. 

Siefkes,  Fred.,  saloon ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Schaf,  Joseph,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Simpson    &    Kidder,    dry    goods;    P.    0. 
I        Minonk. 

I  Shields  Thomas,  far-.;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
i   Stimliert.  Jacob,  wagon  mkr.;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
•  Simons.  S.  H..  blacksmith  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

SIMPKINS,  GEO.  W.,  farmer; 
Sec.  27;  P.  ( ).  Minonk;  was  born  in 
Washington  County,  Pa.,  August  15, 
1837;  came  to  Illinois  in  the  Fall  of 
1856,  locating  in  the  city  of  Minonk  ; 
removed  to  his  present  home  in  1877. 
Owns  160  acres  of  land  valued  at  §55 
per  acre.  Was  a  member  of  the  City 
Council  from  1871  to  1875  ;  also  served 
as  Commissioner  of  Highways.  He 
was  married,  in  1858,  to  Miss  Mary  A. 
Sutton ;  she  was  born  in  New  York  ; 
have  six  children — Lewis  L.,  Edward 
L.,  George  B.,  Frank  B.,  Charles  H. 
and  Perley  May. 

Schuttler  &  Schneider,  dry  goods ;  P.  0. 
Minonk. 

Schuttler.  J.  C,  dry  goods;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Schroeder,  Aug..  shoemkr  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Spencer,  T.  C,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Sangstor,  J.  E.,  clerk ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Sparks.  James,  teamster ;    P.  0.   Minonk. 

Smith,  Henry,  livery  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Stoddard,  B.  M.,  grn.  dlr.;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Schneider,   Geo.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.   Minonk. 

Shea,  Michael,  laborer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Schroder.  John  A.,  retired  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

SHREVE,  SAMUEL,  farmer;  Sec. 
18 ;  P.  0.  Minonk ;  born  in  Venango 
County.  Pa..  Sept.  19,  1812  ;  removed 
to  Ohio  in  early  childhood,  with  his 
parents,  who  returned  to  Pennsylvania 
in  1830  ;  he  came  to  Illinois  in  the 
Spring  of  1866,  locating  on  the  farm 
where  he  now  resides.  He  owns  160 
acres  of  land,  valued  at  $75  per  acre. 
Mai-ried,  Oct.  2,  1834,  to  Miss  Sarah 
A.  Fleming  ;  she  was  born  in  Venango 
County,  Pa.,  April  2,  1815  ;  have  had 
seven  children,  five  living ;  Catharine 
A.  (wife  of  Henry  Lewis),  Zibiah  (wife 
of  Alfren  Moore),  Louisa  (wife  of  0. 
Stowell),  Eachel  M.  (_wife  of  N.  H. 
Brown  )  and  James  T.;  lost  two — An- 
drew, died  Oct.  29,  1838,  and  Sarah  J., 


MINONK  TOWNSHIP. 


555 


died  May  14,  1861.  Mrs.  Shreve's 
mother,  Ann  Fleming,  who  now  resides 
with  her  daughter,  was  born  April  5, 
1786,  and  is  now  in  her  ninety-third 
year. 

Sauer,  George  A.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minouk. 

Sutton,  Marshall,  retired ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Smith,  0.  M. ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Smith,  H.  J.,  clerk  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Stolter,  Casper,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Steinhocker,  Josoph  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Strickland,  J.  M.  far. ;  P.    0.    Woodford. 

Saltsman,  Jacob,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Woodford. 

Schneider,  John,  cooper;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Shepherd,  Mrs.  J.  P. ;   P.  0.  Minonk. 

Schoenhuth,  A.,  minister ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Sipple,  M.,  carpenter ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Spires  Georoe,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

SPIRES,  RICHARD,  farmer,  Sec. 
24 ;  P.  0.  Minonk ;  born  in  North- 
amptonshire, England,  Nov.  19,  1839  ; 
came  to  this  country  in  the  Spring  of 
1856,  locating  at  Canton,  Fulton  Co., 
Ill  ;  removed  to  Minonk  Township, 
Woodford  Co.,  in  Oct.,  1856;  owns  160 
acres  of  land,  valued  at  $45  per  acre  ; 
served  one  term  as  Commissioner  of 
Highways ;  has  also  held  other  minor 
offices;  married  in  1860,  to  Miss  Mar- 
tha M.  Savage;  she  was  born  in  Cam- 
bridgeshire. England  ;  six  children — Syl- 
vester J.,  Thomas  E,.,  Frederick  W., 
George,  Herbert  and  Henry  ;  Mr.  S.  is 
a  member  of  Minonk  Lodge,  No.  .377, 
I.  0.  0.  F. 

Shea,  Garret,  laborer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Shea,  Anna;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Smythe,  David,  livery ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Staples,  James,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

SIMPSON,  JAMES  A.  (Simpson 
ct  Kidder),  dealer  in  general  stock  of 
dry  goods  and  groceries  ;  P.  0.  Minonk ; 
born  in  Pickaway  Co.,  Ohio,  March  7, 
1843;  removed  to  Illinois  in  early 
childhood  with  his  parents,  who  located 
in  Fulton  Co.,  in  the  Fall  of  1848,  and 
two  years  later,  removed  to  Woodford 
Co.;  Mr.  S.  came  to  Minonk  in  1864, 
and  engaged  in  mercantile  business  the 
following  year  ;  enlisted  in  Co.  I,  47th 
111.  Inf ,  in  1862  ;  mustered  out  in  Oct., 
1864,  at  Springfield,  111.;  member  Rob 
Morris  Lodge,  No.  247,  A.  F.  &  A.  M. ; 
married,  Oct.  15,  1867,  to  Miss  Mary 
E.  Bell  ;  she  was  born  in  Marshall  Co., 
111.,  died  Feb.  9,  1871 ;  two  children — 


Lena  B.  and  John  H.;  was  again  mar- 
ried April  1,  1873,  to  Mary  B.  Hudson  j 
she  was  born  in  Marshall  Co.,  111. ;  one 
child— Mary  E. 

SIMPSON,  WOOLSEY  C.,  attor- 

ney ;  P.  0.  Minonk  ;  born  in  Pickaway 
Co.,  Ohio,  Nov.  30,  1847;  removed  to 
Illinois  in  early  childhood  with  his 
parents,  who  settled  in  Fulton  Co.  in 
1848,  and  two  years  later  removed  to 
Woodford  Co.;  in  1871,  he  graduated  at 
the  Rochester  University,  at  Rochester, 
N.  Y.,  and  located  at  Minonk,  his  pres- 
ent home,  in  1872 ;  commenced  the 
study  of  law  with  M.  L.  Newell,  in 
Sept.  of  that  year,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  Bar  Jan.  9,  1874  ;  has  served  as 
City  Attorney  since  April,  1874. 

SABIN,  ROBERT  W.,  attorney; 
P.  0.  Minonk  ;  born  in  Knox  Co., 
Ohio,  Feb.  9,  1850  ;  removed  to  Illinois 
in  early  childhood  with  his  parents,  who 
first  settled  in  Woodford  Co.  in  1851, 
but  soon  after  removed  to  McLean  Co. ; 
the  subject  of  this  sketch  entered  the 
well  known  law  firm  of  Williams,  Burr 
&  Capen,  of  Bloomington,  111.,  as  a  law 
student,  and  was  admitted  to  the  Bar 
in  1877  ;  removed  to  Minonk,  his  pres- 
ent home,  and  commenced  the  practice 
of  his  profession ;  married  in  1877  to 
Mary  L.  Carlock ;  she  was  born  in 
McLean  Co. 

Thomas,  Jesse,  farmer ;     P.  0.  Woodford. 

Twehouse,  Wm.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  3Iinonk. 

Tracy,  Patrick,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Timmerman,  D.,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Minonk. 

Taylor,  R.;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Terwilliger,  Mrs.  M.;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Thorn,  Mrs.  Israel ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Troxel,  E.  J.,  clerk  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Travers,  Mrs.  Mary ;  P.  0.  3Iinonk. 

Taylor,  T.  J.,  carpenter ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Thompson,  Levi,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Tjardes,  E..  farmer;  P.  O.  Minonk. 

Tobias,   Solomon,  jeweler;   P.  0.  Minonk. 

Tobias  Bros.,  jewelers  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Thorn,  Geo.  B.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Taylor,  J.  T.;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Thomas,  Jos.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Minonk. 

THOM,  ANGUS  S.,  fixrmer  ;  Sec.  6; 
P.O.  Minonk;  born  in  Brown  Co.,  O.,  Oct. 
24,  1832;  came  to  Illinois  in  the  Fall 
of  1848,  locating  in  Cazenovia  Town- 
ship, this  county ;  removed  to  Minouk 
Township,    his   present   home,    in    the 


556 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


Spring  of  1864;  owns  220  acres  of 
land,  valued  at  811,000;  married,  in 
1862,  to  Miss  Louisa  E.  Herrick  ;  she 
was  born  in  Louden  Co.,  Va.;  four 
children — Homer.  Harry.  Charles. 

TAYLOR  WM.  J.,  livery  and  feed 
stable ;  P.  0.  Miuonk ;  born  in  Stark 
Co.,  Ohio,  Oct.  4,  1825.  but  removed  to 
Wayne  Co.  in  early  childhood,  where  he 
resided  until  28  j'ears  of  age.  Spent 
several  years  traveling  in  the  Xorthwest 
prior  to  his  settling  near  Danville.  111., 
in  1860.  Removed  to  3Iinonk,  his 
present  home,  in  1864.  Served  as  a 
member  of  the  City  Council  in  1876, 
and  is  a  member  of  the  present  board. 
Mr.  Taylor  is  an  importer  and  breeder 
of  fine  horses,  having  several  ver3"  fine 
stallions  at  his  stables. 

"TTDEN,  GEO.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Ufken,  John.  P.  0.  Miuonk. 

YOSS,  H.  J.,  farmer;  P.   0.   Wood- 
ford. 

Van  Lingan,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Van  Nordheim,  C,  saloon ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Vosberg,  H..  farmer :  P.  0.  Miuonk. 

VAN  PELT,  CHAS.  J.,  agent  of 
the  III.  Cent.  R.  R.  Co.;  P.  0.  Minonk ; 
born  in  Highland  Co.,  0.,  Feb.  16, 
1S34.  Came  to  Illinois  in  March  1858, 
locating  at  Bloomington.  Was  first  in 
the  employ  of  the  111.  Cent.  R.  R.  Co. 
at  Normal  in  1870,  removing  to  Minonk, 
his  present  home,  July  27,  1874. 
Served  as  Collector  two  terms  while  a 
resident  of  McLean  Co.  3Iarried  Jan. 
23,  1861,  at  Franklin.  St.  Mary's  Par- 
ish, La.,  to  Miss  Helen  M..  daughter  of 
Capt.  Isaac  Trowbridge.  She  was  born 
in  Xew  Haven,  Conn.  One  child — I. 
Newman. 

VON  NORDHEIM,  EDWARD 

H.  W.,  general  store ;  P.  0.  Miuonk  ; 
born  in  East  Friesland,  Germany.  Feb. 
15,  1850;  came  to  this  country  in  1868, 
locating  on  a  farm  in  Minonk  Township, 
this  county ;  removed  to  the  city  of  Mi- 
nonk in  1873,  and  engaged  in  the  mer- 
cantile business  in  1875;  married  in 
1870.  to  Miss  Beke  Schmidt ;  she  was 
born  in  German}^ ;  came  to  this  country 
in  1854;  four  children — John  N.,  Flora 
F..  Margaret  G.  and  Siefke  V. 

WORK.    SAMUEL,   retired;  P.  0. 
xMinonk. 


Wineteer,  John,  retired  ;    P.  0.  Minonk. 

Worst,  A.,  carjj.  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Woltzen,  S.  J.,  harness  maker ;  P.  0.  Mi- 
nonk. 

Weichman,  H.  E.,  harness  maker ;  P.  0. 
Minonk 

Walsh,  John,  dry  goods  and  groceries  ; 
P.  0.  Minonk. 

Welsh,  P.  H.,  mason ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Weber.  George  W.,  drugs;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Webber.  C.  E..  hardware  :   P.  0.  Minonk. 

WALLACE,  WILLIAM,  faimer; 
Sec.  28  :  P.  0.  Miuonk  :  born  in  Brown 
Co..  Ohio,  Oct.  31,  1825.  Removed 
to  Indiana  in  early  childhood,  with  his 
parents,  who  settled  in  Dearborn  Co., 
that  State.  Mr.  W.  came  to  Illinois  in 
the  Fall  of  1852.  locating  at  Washine;- 
ton.  Tazewell  Co.  Removed  to  his 
present  home,  Wooclfnrd  Co.,  in  1865. 
Owns  160  acres  of  land,  valued  at 
88,000.  Married,  in  1850,  to  Miss 
Catherine  Eversole.  She  was  born  in 
Dearborn  Co..  Ind.,  died  Oct.  7.  1870. 
Five  children  —  Alfred  C.  Julius  C, 
Charles  M.,  Mary  A.  and  Lucy  E. 

Whitaker,  C.  H.,  grocer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Wickler,  J.  C,  carpenter  ;  P.  0.  Mimmk. 

Wolf  C.  farmer:  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Willms,  H..  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Miuonk. 

Welch.  Richard,  former  :    P.  0.  Minonk. 

WILSON,  JOHN  W.,  farmer; 
Sec.  27  ,  P.  0.  Minonk  :  born  in  Taze- 
well Co.,  111.,  Aug.  31,  1843.  Re- 
moved to  his  present  home  in  1866. 
Owns  80  acres  of  land,  valued  at 
83,600.  Married  in  March,  1866,  to 
3Iiss  Virginia  A.  Kiudig.  She  was 
born  in  Woodford  Co..  April  23.  1846. 
Three  children,  two  living;- — Neoma  J. 
and  Marinu  P.  Lost  one — Iva  E.,died 
in  1S75. 

WILSON,  JAMES,  farmer;  Sec. 
12  ;  P.  0.  Minonk  ;  born  in  Jeflferson 
Co.,  Ind.,  April  22,  1831  ;  came  to  111. 
in  June,  1856,  locating  in  Bureau  Co.; 
removed  to  Woodford  Co.  in  March, 
1864;  owns  80  acres  of  laud,  valued  at 
84.5o0  ;  has  served  as  Commissioner  of 
Highways  six  years  and  Justice  of  the 
Peace  five  years  ;  married  in  Oct.,  1872, 
to  Miss  Mary  R.  McConkey ;  she  was 
born  in  111.;  three  children,  two  Hving — 
Bertha  and  Bessie ;  lost  one,  Jessie,  died 
in  1875. 

Walrich,  Thos.,  farmer ;  P.  0,  3Iinonk. 


MINONK  TOWNSHIP. 


557 


Wilson,  Jas.  A.,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Minonk. 

Warren,  John,  gr.  and  fl'r ;  P.  0.  Woodford. 

Warner,  G.  W.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Woodford. 

Wubbeus,  Peter,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Minonk. 

Waterman.  C.  P.,  farmer;  P.  O.  Minonk. 

WILSON,  HENRY  W.,  farm.r; 
Sec.  12  ;  P.  O.  3Iinouk;  born  in  Jeffer- 
son Co.,  Ind.,  Dec.  29,  1835  ;  removed 
to  111.  in  the  Spring  of  185G,  locating 
in  Bureau  ;  came  to  Minonk  Tp.,  Wood- 
ford Co.,  in  1865 ;  owns  80  acres 
of  land,  valued  at  ^4,000  ;  enlisted  in 
the  8Gth  111.  Inf  in  Aug.,  1862,  and 
served  during  the  war;  married  in  1869, 
to  Miss  Jennie  E.  Woodburn ;  she  was 
born  in  Ohio,  June  3,  1846;  died  May 
8,  1873:   one  child— Woodburn. 

WYLIE,  JOSEPH,  farmer;  Sec.  3;  P. 
0.  Minonk ;  born  in  Orleans  Co.,Vt.,  Aug. 
24,  1834;  came  to  Illinois  in  the  Fall 
of  1855,  locating  in  Minonk  Township  ; 
owns  28U  acres  of  land,  valued  at  $12,- 
000  ;  married,  in  1875,  to  Miss  Jane  A. 
Jordan  ;  she  was  born  in  Canada,  and 
died  Dec.  8,  1877.  Mr.  AVylie  enlisted 
in  the  47th  I.  V.  I.,  Sept.  4,  1861,  and 
was  mustered  out  in  Oct.,  1864. 

WILCOX,   EDWARD   A.,  phy- 

sician  and  surgeon  ;  P.  0.  Minonk  ;  born 
in  Erie  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept.  8,  1830  ;  removed  j 
to  Ohio  in  early  childhood,  with  his 
parents,  who,  after  a  short  stay  in  that 
State,  located  at  Lacon.  Marshall  Co., 
111.,  in  the  Fall  of  1838.  The  subject 
of  this  sketch  commenced  the  study  of 
medicine  in  1853,  graduating  at  Rush 
Medical  College,  Chicago,  in  the  Spring 
of  1857;  came  to  Minonk,  his  present 
home,  in  the  Fall  of  1858 ;  owns  500 
acres  of  land  in  Illinois,  and  1,000  acres 
in  Nebraska,  valued  at  $32,000  ;  served 
as  Mayor  of  the  City  of  Minonk  in 
1869-70  ;  in  1872,  he  was  elected  to 
the  State  Senate  from  the  Twentieth 
District ;  was  Chairman  of  the  Commit- 
tee on  State  Charitable  Institutions,  and 
was  instrumental  in  bringing  about  a 
revision  of  the  laws  relative  to  the  same  ; 


also,  served  on  other  important  commit- 
tees ;  married,  in  1857,  to   Miss   Carrie 
Mathis  ;  she  was  born  in  Ohio,  and  died 
March    11,    1877  ;  seven    children — S. 
Elsa,  C.  Edmona,  Alfred  R.,  Fred  W., 
Frank  T.,  Hattie  D.,  Mattie  E. 
WARREN,  GEO.  S.,  dealer  in  grain ; 
P.    0.    Minonk ;    born    in   Devonshire, 
England,  July  10,  1838  ;    came  to  this 
country    in    early    childhood,    with    his 
parents,  who  located  at  Metamora,  this 
county,    in    1842  ;    owns   480   acres  of 
land,  valued  at  $45  per  acre  ;    married, 
July,    1866.    to    Miss  Hattie  McClay ; 
she  was  born  in  Washington,  Tazewell 
Co..  111.;    two  children — George  E.  and 
Frank  E. 
WYLIE,      SAMUEL     (Brown    & 
Wyhe,  dealers  in  Grain)  ;  P.  0.  Minonk  ; 
born  in  Orleans  Co.,  Vt.,  Nov.  9,  1823  ; 
removed  to  Illinois  in  June,  1846,  locat- 
ing  at    Metamora,    Woodford   County ; 
came  to   3Iinonk,  his  present  home,   in 
1861;  owns  640  acres  of  land,   valued 
at  $30,000  ;  married  in  1861,  to  Catha- 
rine Davison  ;  she  was  born  in   Orleans 
Countv,  Vt. 
WEBBER,   J.    DWIGHT    (Web- 
ber Bros.    &    sillier),  hardware ;   P.  0. 
Minonk;     born    in  Green   Co.,    N.  Y., 
April  19,  1826  ;  came  to  111.   in   1865, 
stopping  at  Rutland,  La  Salle  Co.,   and 
locating  at  Minonk,   his  present  home, 
the  following  year  ;  owns   160   acres   of 
land,  valued  at  $8,000  ;  served  as  a  mem- 
ber of  the  City  Council  in  1868  ;  elected 
to  the  State  Legislature  in  1872,  serving 
on  Banking  and  Penitentiary  Committees 
during  that  session  ;  manned  in  1856,  to 
Miss  Jennie  Tryon;    she    was  b^rn  in 
Greene  County,  N.  Y. ;  one  child  by  this 
union — Henry  T. 
Whitfield,  W.,  sexton  ;  P.  0.  3Iinonk. 
rVINK,  Jno.  K.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Zink,  Henry,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Zink,  Geo.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 


558 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


GREENE    TOWNSHIP. 


A 


p]SCHLEMAN,  PHILIP,  far. 
0.  Secor. 


Armstrong,  Miles,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Armstrong.  L.  T.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Armstrong,  Wm.  A.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Armstrong,  Alex.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Attig,  Frederick,  farmer ;  P.   0.    Benson. 

Anderson,  D.  T.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

ARMSTRONG,  JOHN,  deceased  ; 
was  born  in  Mercer  Co.,  Ky.,  Sept.  25, 
1788,  and  moved  into  Monroe  Co.,Ind.,in 
the  Fall  of  1819,  and  came  to  this  place 
and  farm  in  the  Fall  of  1834 ;  his  wife  was 
Elizabeth  M.  Garrett ;  they  were  married 
Aug.  23,  1814;  they  had  ten  children 
— William  H.,  Garrett,  Stephen,  Alex- 
ander, Rankin,  John  J.,  Sarah  J.,  Eliz- 
abeth A.,  Mary  I.  and  James  ;  Mr.  A. 
was  a  soldier  in  the  war  of  1812,  with 
Col.  Dick  Johnson  ;  he  came  to  this  place 
and  located  160  acres  of  land,  on  Sec. 
34,  on  which  his  son,  Stephen,  now 
lives;  he  died  in  1857,  and  Mrs.  A. 
died  in  1872. 

ARMSTRONG,    STEPHEN, 

farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor  ;  he  was  born  Jan. 
19,  1820,  in  Monroe  Co  ,  Ind.,  and 
came  to  this  place  with  his  father,  John 
Armstrong,  in  the  Fall  of  1834;  he 
married  Elizabeth  Barringer,  in  this 
township,  April  16,  1856  ;  she  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania  May  25,  1835  ;  they 
have  seven  children — John  H.,  Festus 
S.,  Sarah  E.,  Jesse  G.,  William  H., 
Carrie  A.  and  Jane  R. ;  Mr.  A.  has 
now  lived  here  forty-four  years,  being 
the  oldest  settler  in  Gi'eene,  and  lives 
on  the  old  homestead  ;  he  has  a  family 
of  steady,  industrious  children  who  are 
both  temperate  and  studious  ;  Mr.  A.  is 
Highway  Commissioner,  and  is  one  of 
the  active  political  men  of  the  town ; 
Republican ;  Christian ;  has  250  acres 
of  land,  on  Sections  27  and  34,  valued 
at  850  per  acre  ;  very  few  men  in  the 
town  better  remember  the  hardships  of 
pioneer  life. 
ARNOLD,  JOHN,  deceased  ;  was 
born  in  Woodford  Co.,  Ky.,  Jan.  8, 
1806,  and  came  to  Ind.,  in  1819,  Mon- 
roe Co.,  and  to  this  county,  Greene  Tp., 
in   1839,  and   settled  on   Sec.   28,  near 


the  grove,  at  the  time  when  the  prairie 
was  not  considered  Worth  settling  without 
timber.  He  marrried  Miss  Eliza  Ellis,  in 
Putnam  Co.,  Ind.,  Jan.  8,  1826.  She 
was  born  in  Woodford  Co.,  Ky.,  June 
16.  1809,  and  came  to  Indiana  in  1821. 
They  have  had  seven  children — Gran- 
ville, James  H.,  Sarah,  Evaline  J., 
Mary  A.,  John  N.  and  Martha  E.  Jas. 
H.  died  when  24  years  old,  and  Sarah 
at  14.  Mr.  A.  died  April  10,  1874. 
When  Mr.  A.  came  to  Greene,  there  were 
but  a  few  families  here,  and  they  expe- 
rienced many  hardships  and  trials,  being 
thirty  miles  from  mill,  and  their  market 
was  Chicago.  Mrs.  A.  is  now  69  years  old, 
smart  and  active,  keeps  her  old  farm, 
and  rents  it ;  lives  with  her  daughter, 
Mrs.  Jas  W.  Pleasant,  and  spends  the 
Summers  with  her  four  children,  living 
in  Iowa. 

Brown,  Amos,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Brown,  Wm.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Baringer.  Sabina,  P.  0.  Secor. 

Bryant,  F.  N.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Betz,  Jno.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Betz,  Harriet  A.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Boner,  Cilicia  ;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Beck,  Fred,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Brubaker.  Henry  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

BONER,  MARSHALL,  farmer  ; 
P.  0.  Panola  ;  Independent,  in  politics 
and  religion  ;  has  200  acres  of  land,  on 
Sec.  30,  valued  at  §60  per  acre.  He 
was  born  in  Jackson  Co.,  W.  Va.,  Jan. 
10,  1852,  and  came  to  Peoria  Co.  with 
his  father,  J.  M.  Boner,  in  1853,  and  to 
this  county  1857.  He  married  Ruah 
Williams,  of  Greene  Tp.,  Jan.  28, 1875. 
She  was  born  in  Cazenovia,  Sept.  19, 
1852.  They  have  two  children — Ber- 
tha M.  and  Archie  Earl.  M».  B.  pur- 
chased the  old  Arnold  farm,  situated 
near  Panola,  and  moved  on  to  it  in  Feb., 
1875.  This  is  one  of  the  most  beautiful 
situations  in  this  part  of  the  county, 
and  a  very  fine  farm,  and  well  improved. 
Mr.  B.,  having  his  father's  industry  and 
perseverance,  must  and  will  succeed. 

Barlow,  Sam'l,  Sr.,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Barlow,  Sam'l,  Jr.,  far. ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Barlow,  Jas.  H.,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 


GREENE  TOWNSHIP. 


559 


Beal,  Geo.,  former ;  P.  0.  Panola. 

BEAL,  WM,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Panola ; 
Democrat  and  Baptist ;  has  160  acres  of 
land  on  Sees.  2  and  12,  valued  at  $50 
per  acre ;  he  was  born  in  Juniata  Co., 
Pa.,  Nov.  9,  1824,  and  came  to  JMason 
Co.  in  1855,  and  to  this  township  in 
1858,  and  on  to  his  farm  in  1865  ;  he 
married  Miss  Elizabeth  M.  Slaine,  Jan. 
15,  1863,  in  Peoria  Co., ;  she  was  born 
in  Ohio,  March  12,  1842.  They  have 
one  son — William  Irwin  (and  lost  four). 
Mr.  Beale  has  a  most  beautiful  home 
and  farm — one  of  the  most  desirable — 
everjthino;  around  shows  culture  and 
taste;  he  is  a  fine  farmer,  and  everything 
shows  it  about  him. 

BETZ,  JACOB,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor  ; 
National;  Methodist;  has  156  acres  of 
land,  at  $50  per  acre ;  he  was  born  in 
Greene,  Union  Co.,  Pa.,  June  11,  1827, 
and  moved  with  his  father  to  Greene, 
Ross  Co.,  Ohio,  in  1840,  and  to  Meta- 
mora.  111.,  in  1850,  and  to  Greene  Town- 
ship in  the  Spring  of  1858;  he  married 
Susannah  Rudisill  in  Ohio,  April  7, 
1850;  she  was  born  Aug.  11,  1829,  in 
Little  York  Co.,  Pa. ;  they  have  had 
six  children  (lost  two) — Mary  C.  B., 
Delia,  Hattie  and  Dora.  Mr.  B.  is 
one  of  the  real  pioneers  on  this  prairie ; 
has  improved  in  the  best  manner  one  of 
the  finest  farms ;  has  a  beautiful  resi- 
dence, and  everything  about  him  has  the 
appearance  of  thrift  and  enterprise.  He 
has  an  intelligent  family  of  daughters, 
and  a  home  of  happiness  and  joy. 

BRUBAKER,  A.  H.,  farmer  and 
grain  dealer  ;  P.  0.  Benson  ;  Rep.;  has 
20J  acres  of  choice  land  on  Sees.  4  and 
9,  valued  at  $55  per  acre  ;  he  was  born 
in  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  April  4,  1833, 
and  came  to  this  jilace  in  Spring  of 
1856,  being  the  second  settler  on  the 
prairie  north  of  Grove ;  he  married 
Catherine  Snyder  for  his  first  wife  ;  she 
died  in  Feb.  1864,  leaving  four  children 
— Ann  Maria,  Hiram,  Aaron  and  Sarah; 
he  married  Elizabeth  Brubaker  for  his 
present  wife,  Dec.  6,  1866 ;  she  was 
born  in  Richland  Co.,  Ohio,  Oct.  7, 
1838;  they  have  four  children  —  H. 
Clayton,  Emma  May,  Minnie  E.  and 
Jennie  ;  Mr.  B.  has  a  beautiful  farm 
and  home,  and  is  one  of  the  energetic, 
enterprising    men    of    the    county ;    he 


has  always  been  a  friend  to  education 
and  school  enterprises ;  has  been  a 
Justice  of  the  Peace,  and  was  this 
Sjirinc;  elected  the  Supervisor. 

BONER,  JOHN  M.  (deceased),  far; 
P.  0.  Panola  ;  Democrat ;  3Iethodist ; 
he  was  born  in  W.  Virginia  July  16, 
1818,  and  came  to  this  State  in  1853, 
and  settled  in  Peoria  Co.,  and  cai^e  to 
this  place  in  1857;  he  married  Cilicia 
Jones,  in  W.  Virginia,  in  1849 ;  they 
have  10  children  living  —  Marshall, 
James  T.,  Franklin  M.,  Joseph  L.,  Ida 
M.,  Rosa  C,  Hattie,  Lizzie,  William 
H.  and  Chas.  C;  Mr.  B.  died  in  Oct. 
1873,  leaving  on^  of  the  largest  and 
richest  farms  in  tile  county,  which  is 
still  kept  together  and  worked  by  the 
family  ;  he  was  one  of  the  most  success- 
ful farmers  and  influential  citizens  in 
the  county,  and  was  always  active  and 
interested  in  the  schools  and  church 
enterprises,  as  well  as  those  of  his  town 
and  county  ;  he  was  called  to  fill  various 
offices  of  the  town  from  time  to  time, 
and  always  discharged  the  duties  well ; 
his  name  and  virtues  will  live  and  long 
be  remembered  in  the  hearts  of  all  who 
kn<^w  him. 

i^OTTON,  L.  J.,  teacher;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Carpenter,  Alva,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Panola. 
Conn,  Almira.  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Panola. 
Corwin,  G.  W.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Woodford. 
Cawley,  John,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Cawley,  Bryant,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Collins.  David  M.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Cavan,  Thos.  B.,  fiirmer;   P.O.  Panola. 
Camp,  Geo.  L.,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

DAVIS,    MARION,    farmer;    P.   0. 
Roanoke. 
Dial,  Richard,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Debolt,  John,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Donn,  Cassien,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Doty,  C.  A.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Dierks,  0.  H..  farmer;  P.  0.  Panola. 

ERNEST,     JOHN,    farmer;     P.     0. 
El  Paso. 
FISHER,    JOSEPH   H.,   farmer;  P. 
0.  Benson. 
Flinn,  Pat.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Fisher,  Josiah  H.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Benson. 
Fisher,  E.  N.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Benson. 
/^  EIGER,  CHRISTIAN,  fiirmer;  P. 
VJT     0.  Panola. 
Grove,  Henry,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 


560 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY  ; 


Gerbvick.  Andrew,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

GIPSON,  STEVEN  E.,  farmer;  P. 
0.  liuaiuike  ;  Greenback;  Cbristian  ;  owns 
197  acres  of  land  on  Sees.  18  and  19, 
valued  at  $60  per  acre  ;  he  was  born  in 
Jo  Daviess  Co.,  111.,  April  22,  1844,  and 
came  to  this  county  in  1865  ;  he  married 
Samira  3IcCord,  daughter  of  Thomas 
McCord  of  Roanoke,  and  uTanddautzhter 
ofWm.  McCord,  who  was  one  of  the 
very  first  who  settled  in  this  county,  and 
upon  the  farm  iiow  owaed  by  Mr.  G. ; 
she  was  born  here  in  1842  ;  they  have 
three  children — Ida  Jane,  Eva  May, 
and  a  fine  young  Napoleon  boy  ;  Mr.  G. 
is  a  very  active,  energetic  young  farmer  ; 
has  a  splendid  farm,  and  it  looks  as 
though  it  had  the  right  kind  of  care  ; 
he  has  the  historic  farm  of  the  county. 

HAMMERS,    M.    B.,    farmer;  P.O. 
Secor. 

Hogelucht,  Wilke  C,  for.  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Houtz,  Jno.  C,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Hunt,  Geo.,  former;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Hatfield,  Jno.,  former;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Hartman,  H.  C;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Huxtable,   James,  farmer ;  P.  0.   Benson. 

Heller,  Raymond,  farmer  ;  P.  0.    Benson, 

Hunsinger,  John,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 

HELLER,  PETER,  former  ;  P.  0. 
Benson  ;  Rep. ;  Dutch  Reformed  ;  was 
born  in  Lorraine,  France,  Sept.  10,  1825, 
and  came  to  this  country  in  1847,  and 
worked  at  the  cabinet  business  in  Phila- 
delphia, Washington  and  other  places 
until  1852,  when  he  came  to  Peoria,  and 
in  1853,  he  entered  one  lot  of  his  land 
from  the  Government,  and  in  1857, 
moved  on  to  it,  and  has  since  purchased 
240  acres  more ;  he  now  has  320  acres 
on  Sees.  10  and  11,  valued  at  $50  per 
acre  ;  he  married  Thearse  Longenfelt,  in 
Philadelphia,  A})ril,  1848  ;  she  was  born 
in  Alsace,  France,  Oct.  1818;  they  have 
three  children  —  Raymond.  Adolphus 
and  Lena  ;  Mr.  H.  has  bv  his  hard  work 
and  economy  made  one  of  the  desirable 
homes  of  the  county  ;  his  form  is  one  of 
the  best,  imiirovements  cood,  and  his 
residence,  just  built,  is  one  of  the  most 
magnificent ;  as  a  man  of  culture,  Mr. 
H.  will  rank  with  the  better  class  of  this 
or  his  own  native  countrv. 

HAMMERS,  JOS.,  S.,  farmer;  P. 
0.  Panola.  He  was  born  in  Green  Co., 
Pa.,  Sept.  3,   1833,  and  came  to   this 


State  in  the  Fall  of  1835  with  his 
father,  Jesse  Hammers,  and  settled  near 
Metamora,  where  his  father  still  lives. 
He  improved  his  form  in  1855,  and 
moved  on  to  it  in  1860.  He  married 
Mary  Bailey  for  his  first  wife,  and  on 
the  13th  of  March,  1866,  she  died, 
leaving  three  children — Isaac  B.,  Laura 
M.  and  Jesse  E.  He  married  his  present 
wife,  Nellie  Bailey,  June  4,  1868.  They 
were  both  born  in  Green  Co.,  Pa.  They 
have  by  this  ^marriage  two  children — 
Charles  H.  and  Lewis  J.  Mr.  H.  has 
a  very  large  and  excellent  farm  (one  of 
the  best),  and  has  always  been  among 
the  leading  and  best  farmers  of  the 
county.  In  1857,  Mr.  H.  was  elected 
County  Surveyor  and  discharged  its  du- 
ties faithfully.  Has  737  acres  of  fine 
land  in  Sees.  14  and  23,  and  Sec.  12, 
Panola  Tp.,  valued  at  $60  per  acre. 
Independent;  Baptist. 
ITETER,  J.  M.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Jaspers,  H.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Johnson,  W.  E.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Woodford. 
Jackie,  C,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 
TT^CERNER,  J.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Pa&o. 

Keller,  J.  M.,  former;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Klamer,  J.  H.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Panola. 

Kalkworf,  G.  H.,  farmer ;    P.  0.  Benson. 

Kindig,  B.  G.,  Jr.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Keeler,  E.  E.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Kindig,  J.  E.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Benson, 

Kindig,  Susana ;   P.  0.  Secor. 

KAMP,  GEORGE  L.,  former;  P. 
0.  Panola;  has  174  acres  of  land,  val- 
ued at  $50  per  acre.  He  was  born  in 
Berks  Co.,  Pa.,  Jan.  15,  1828#and 
came  to  Pickaway  Co.,  0.,  in  1838,  and 
to  this  place  in  1857.  He  married  Su- 
sannah Driesback  Nov.  20,  1851,  in 
Ohio.  She  was  born  in  Union  Co., 
Pa.,  March  4,  1828.  They  have  four 
children  (lost  two) — H.  Flora,  James 
E.,  Lewis  D.  and  Frances  C.,  Martin  D. 
and  Cassie  M.  having  died  young.  Mr. 
K.  has  a  very  fine  farm,  well  improved, 
and  finely  located.  He  is  one  of  the 
reliable  citizens  of  the  town,  has  a  fine 
home,  an  intelligent  family,  and  is  a 
successful  farmer.  Republican  and  Evan- 
gelical Association. 

Murphy,  J.  A.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Marshall,  Wm.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 


GREENE  TOWNSHIP. 


o61 


Moorits,  Gerd,  farmer ;    P.  0.  Benson. 

Moorits,  Jno.  D.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Miller,  Wm.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Miller,  F.  M.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Monk,  Harm,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

McCord,  Wm.  M.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Mohr,  J.  J.  U.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Mohr,  J.  Q.  A.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Mohr,  Christian,  farmer;  P.  O.  El  Paso. 

Moyement.  Peter,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

MURPHY,  JOHN  B.,  farmer  ;  P. 
0.  Secor  ;  Democrat  ;  has  165  acres  of 
land  in  Sec.  31,  valued  at  $50  per  acre; 
he  was  born  in  Louden  Co.,  Va.,  Sept. 
4,  1804,  and  moved  into  Muskingum 
Co.,  0.,  in  1836,  and  came  to  this  place 
in  1865,  and  settled  on  the  farm  where 
he  now  lives  ;  he  married  Sidney  Ann 
Hereford,  in  Tazewell  Co.,  Ill,  May  11, 
1837  ;  she  was  born  in  Culpepper  Co., 
Va.,  Feb.  23,  1821  ;  they  have  had  10 
children  (3  died  in  infancy ) — JosiahA., 
Phillip  T.,  Wm.  T.,  Daniel,  Eliza  J., 
Eva  and  Albert  C;  all  married  but  Eva 
and  Albert  C,  and  settled  in  hfe ;  Dan- 
iel still  lives  in  Ohio.  Mr.  M.  has  a 
very  fine  farm  and  home,  well  improved, 
near  Secor,  and  is  among  the  indepen- 
dent, enterprising  citizens  of  the  town, 
and  in  his  declining  years  enjoys  the 
society  of  his  children,  many  of  whom 
are  settled  near  him. 

Michael,  Philip,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Mohr,  Jacob  F.  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Monk.  Jacob,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

MILLER,  J.  B.,  farmer  and  dealer  in 
stock ;  P.  0.  Benson  ;  Republican  ;  has 
133  acres  of  most  beautiful  land  on  Sec. 
4,  valued  at  $65  per  acre ;  was  born  in 
Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  April  15,  1828,  and 
came  to  this  county  in  1856,  and  on  to 
his  farm  in  1860 ;  he  married  Maria 
Ressler  Feb.  4.  1858 ;  she  was  born  in 
Berks  Co.,  Pa.,  Dec.  12,  1829.  Mr. 
Miller  bought  his  place  of  the  II.  R.  Co., 
and  has  so  improved  and  beautified  it, 
that  it  is  now  among  the  most  desirable 
homes  on  the  prairie. 

MILLER,  JOHN  T.,  farmer  ;  P.  0. 
Secor;  an  old  Whig;  Evangelical  Lu- 
theran ;  has  385  acres  of  splendid  land 
on  Sees.  21  and  22,  valued  at  $50  an 
acre  ;  he  was  born  in  Roanoke  Co.,  Va., 
Aug.  3,  1829,  and  came  to  this  town- 
ship Sept.  11,  1854,  and  on  to  the 
farm  Feb.  22, 1858  ;  he  married  Malinda 


Foutz  Sept.  5,  1854;  she  was  born  in 
Botetourt  Co.,  Va.,  Nov.  14,  1828; 
they  have  seven  children — Charles  E., 
Calvin  S  ,  Milus  L.,  Clementine  J.,  Do- 
ra A.,  Zua  S.  and  Clara  D.  Mr.  M. 
was  one  of  the  earliest  settlers  on  the 
prairie ;  has  a  beautiful  farm  very  finely 
improved,  a  splendid  brick  residence, 
and  all  other  improvements  to  match. 
He  is  among  the  class  of  thorough  farm- 
ers who  try  and  do  everything  right, 
'  and  are  successful  in  everything. 
MiEYER,  XAFER,  farmer  ;  P.  0. 
Panola  ;  Republican  ;  and  the  Golden 
Rule  is  his  religion  ;  was  born  in  Ger- 
many March  6,  1807,  and  came  to 
this  country  in  1849,  and  settled  in 
Peoria,  and  came  to  this  place  in  1856, 
and  bought  258  acres  of  land  on  Sees. 
11  and  12,  valued  at  $50  per  acre.  He 
lives  with  his  third  wife.  His  first  was 
Rosa  Stul.  They  had  two  children — 
August  and  Paulena.  Mrs.  M.  died  in 
1854.  He  married  for  his  second  wife 
Anna  Sulvinger,  in  Aug.,  1855.  She 
died  in  1875,  leaving  three  children — 
Lena,  Emil  and  Anna.  His  present 
wife  is  ^Irs.  Elizabeth  Caler.  They 
were  married  Jan.,  1876  ;  she  had 
eight  children — Margaret,  Philip,  Con- 
rad, Peter,  Benjamin,  ^litchell,  Lizzie, 
and  Barbary.  Mr.  M.  is  one  of  the 
pioneers  on  the  prairie,  and  has 
one  of  the  most  excellent  fai-ms 
homes,  through  his  hard  work 
economy. 

NEWBURN 
Benson. 

Noff"singer,  Rufus,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Noffsinger,  Jos.  D.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Noffsiniivr.    Wm.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Secor. 

OLTMANS,  HENRY,  farmer; 
P.  O.  Benson  ;  Republican  ;  Lutheran ; 
has  245  acres  of  land  on  Sec.  10,  valued 
at  $60  per  acre.  He  was  born  in  Osh- 
Friezland,  Azes  Co.,  Germany,  Aug. 
19,  183J,  and  came  to  this  country  in 
1854,  and  settled  in  Tazewell  Co.,  and 
remained  eight  years  ;  went  to  Mar- 
shall Co.,  and  remained  seven  years,  and 
in  1869  came  to  this  place.  He  mar- 
ried Gasch  Miles  June  13,  1857,  in 
Pekin,  111.  She  was  born,  Dec.  15, 
1835,  in  Osh-Friezland,  Azes  Co.,  Ger- 
many. They  have  had  ten  children, 
lust    four  —  Halley,    Henry,    Rammer^ 


now 
and 
and 


C.    A.,  farmer  ;  P.  0. 


562 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOOFORD  COUNTY 


Lizzie,  Bettie,  and  Jabo.  Mr.  0.  was 
in  debt  when  he  landed  in  this  coun- 
try ;  but  lie  went  to  work  with  a  will, 
paid  his  indebtedness,  and  to-day  we 
find  him  with  one  of  the  fine  homes 
and  farms  so  common  in  this  State. 
His  children  are  growing  up  to  be  in- 
dustriuus  and  temperate,  with  a  desire 
for  books  and  knowledge. 
OLTMAN,  GEORGE  J.,  farmer; 
P.  0.  Benson  ;  was  born  in  Friesland, 
Germany,  May  (3,  1829,  and  came  to 
this  country  and  settled  in  Pekin,  in 
1854,  and  on  this  farm  in  Oct.,  1868  ; 
he  buried  his  first  wife  two  weeks  after 
his  arrival  in  this  country,  having  buried 


his  two  children  on  the 
his 


passage,  in 


sea: 


J     farmers ;   P 


at  home,  working 


P 


Washington 


and  came  to  this  county  April  7,  1851, 
and  in  December  following  came  on  to 
this  farm.  He  married  Elizabeth 
Gregg,  in  Greene,  Pa.,  March  7,  184:4. 
She  was  born  in  Greene  Co..  Pa.,  Oct. 
13,  1822  ;  they  have  had  sixteen  chil- 
dren (lost  five  in  infancy; — John  C, 
Elizabeth,  Thomas,  Sarah.  Joseph  G., 
Mary  A.,  Cephas  G..  Cassie,  George  G., 
Le  Kov  and  A.  Judson.  Joseph  G. 
died  Nov.  26,  1872,  aged  22.  Mr.  P. 
was  a  very  early  pioneer,  has  improved 
a  very  valuable  farm,  has  brought  up 
and  educated  finely  a  very  intelligent 
family  of  children.  Joseph  G.  before 
hLs  death  was  a  very  successful  teacher, 
also  three  of  the  daughters  were  con- 
sidered among  the  finest  teachers  of  the 
county.  Mr.  P.  is  a  fine  farmer  and 
an  intelligent  citizen,  and  is  enjoying 
the  decline  of  life  surrounded  by  his 
children  and  friends. 

PLEASANTS,  CALVIN  L.,  farm- 

P.  0.  Panola;  Ind.  ;  Lib.:  has  160 
acres  of  land  on  Sec.  12,  valued  at  860 
an  acre;  he  was  born  in  Roanoke  Co., 
Va.,  March  3,  1836,  and  came  to  this 
county  in  1856,  and  on  to  the  farm 
in  1869,  after  selling  his  farm 
on  Sec.  7,  Panola.  He  married  Rebecca 
Williams  in  this  township  Nov.  28th, 
1858.  She  was  born  in  Greene  Co.,  Pa., 
March  2,  1838  ;  they  have  had  six  chil- 
dren— Leoti  Y.,  Joseph  H.,  Mary  V., 
Naomi  L..  Delia  U.  and  Myrtic  E.  ; 
Mary  v.  died  Dec.  6,  1865.  aged  two 
years  and  three  months.  Mr.  P.  has  a 
very  valuable  farm,  finely  improved  and 
beautifully  located.  He  has  improved 
three  farms  since  living  in  the  county ; 
he  has  been  Justice  of  the  Peace  for 
several  years,  and  has  held  other  offices 
and  is  one  of  the  enterprising,  intelli- 
gent men  of  the  town  and  county,  and 
makes  farminti-  a  financial  success. 
PLEASANTS,  WM.  H.,  fmner; 
P.  O.  Benson ;  Dem.  and  Dunkard  ; 
has  80  acres  of  land  in  Sec.  9,  valued 
at  860  per  acre ;  was  born  in  Albemarle 
Co.,  Va..  May  5.  1814,  and  came  to  this 
county  in  1857,  having  entered  thisfiirm 
from  Government  in  1854,  and  after  im- 
proving it  fir  two  years,  he  moved  on  it 
in  1859,  from  the  Grove  ;  he  manied 
Pollv  Ann  Brown,  in  Botetourt  Co.,  Va., 
Co.,    Pa.,    Dec.    3,    1821,  April  30,  1835  ;  she  was  born  in  Rock- 


the 
second  wife  was  Helen  M. 
Freerks ;  they  were  married  in  Aug., 
1855  ;  she  was  born  in  the  County  of 
Rysum,  Germany,  Nov.  18,  1833  ;  they 
have  .six  children — Henry  J.,  Fred  J.; 
Katie  J.,  Ebby  J..  Remmer  J.  and  Tenie; 
Republican  ;  Baptist ;  has  320  acres  of 
land,  valued  at  §16,000  ;  Mr.  0.  is  one 
of  the  best  farmers  in  the  town,  has  a 
very  valuable  farm,  well  improved,  and 
is  entitled  to  great  credit  for  his  great 
enterprise  and  energy  since  being  in  this 
country  ;  he  has  raised  a  family  of  fine 
children  to  care  for  him  in  his  old  age. 

OLTMAN,  HENRY  J.  &  FRED 


livinc 


0.  Benson  ;  are 
their  father's  farm  ; 
Henry  J.  was  born  in  Pekin,  111.,  July 
23,  1856  ;  Fred  J.  was  born  in  Pekin, 
May  16.  1858;  Katie  J.  was  born  in 
Pekin,  July  21,  1863  ;  Ebby  J.  was 
born  in  Pekin,  Feb.  23,  1863  ;  Remmer 
J.,  born  in  Greene,  Sept.  16,  1869 ; 
Tenie,  born  in  Greene,  Nov.  11,  1873; 
the  above  is  a  fine,  studious  and  enter- 
prising family,  and  well  understand 
their  father's  toils  and  are  growing  up  to 
bless  him  in  his  old  age. 

OWELL,  J.  D.,  fanner  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 


Phillips,  Lewis,  far. ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Patterson,  Cephas,  far. ;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Pleasants,  R.  B.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Peterson.  Simon,  farmer;   P.  0.  Benson. 

PATTERSON,  DANIEL  T.,  far- 
mer; F.  0.  Panola;  Dem.;  Bapt.;  has  166 
acres  of  land  on  Sees.  26  and  27,  valued 
at   050    per   acre.       He    was   born 


in 


GREENE  TOWNSHIP. 


565 


ingham  Co.,  Va.,  Feb.  8,  1817;  they 
have  seven  chikh'eii  (and lost  one  daugh- 
ther,  Mary) — Calvin  L.,  James  M.,  Sally 
E.,  Robert  B.,  Ursula  T.,  Virginia  F., 
Walter  H.  ;  Mr.  P.  is  one  of  the  early 
pioneers  on  the  prairie  ;  has  improved  a 
fin6  farm,  built  a  fine  residence ;  raised 
a  very  intelligent,  industrious  femily,  and 
in  his  declining  years  rejoices  in  seeing 
them  well  settled  on  good  farms  doing 
well. 

ATTON,  JOHN  L.,  farmer  and 
dealer  in  Short-horn  cattle  and  Poland- 
China  hogs ;  P.  O.  Panola  ;  Ind.  ;  Bapt.  ; 
lias  17-4  acres  of  land  on  Sec.  2r{,  valued 
at  $6U  per  acre ;  he  was  born  in  Greene 
Co.,  Pa.,  Feb.  29,  1836,  and  came  to 
Illinois  in  March,  1851,  with  his  father, 
S.  R.  Patton,  and  settled  in  Metamora, 
and  remained  there  until  1853,  when 
they  came  to  this  place  ;  he  bought  a 
farm  in  Panola  and  remained  on  it  for 
four  years,  when  he  sold  out  and  returned 
to  the  old  homestead,  and  in  June,  1876, 
he  bought  it,  and  his  father  moved  to 
Mt.  Pleasant  Iowa ;  he  married  Lousia 
Livingston,  Feb.  26, 1863  ;  she  was  born 
in  TazeweU  Co.,  Feb.  11,'  1840;  they 
have  three  children — Wm.  L.,  Frank  R. 
and  Arthur  L.  ;  Wm.  L.  died  quite 
young  ;  Mr.  P.  has  a  very  fine  farm  with 
the  best  improvements,  and  altogether  it 
is  one  of  the  best  homes  in  the  town ; 
Mr.  P.  is  breeding  and  dealing  in  some 
of  the  best  Short-horn  cattle  and  purest 
Poland- Chin  a  hogs  that  can  be  found, 
and  makes  it,  a  specialty. 
T3  YAN,  WM.  H.,  far. ;   P.  0.  Benson. 

Ryan,  D.  C,  farmer  ;  P.  O.  Benson. 

Ryan,  Jno.,  agent ;   P.  0.  Benson. 

Reedy,  Wm.  B.,  stock  dealer;  P.  0.  Ben- 
son. 

Ray,  Jno.  A.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Ruddell,  Andrew,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Rudd,  Jno.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

REEDY,  M.  S.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor  ; 
Democrat;  German  Reformed;  has  160 
acres  on  Sec.  16,  and  10  acres  timber, 
valued  at  $50  per  acre  ;  he  was  born  in 
Green  Township,  Union  Co.,  Pa.,  July 
8,  1816,  and  came  to  Greene  Township, 
Ross  Co.,  Ohio,  in  1840,  and  to  Greene 
Township,  111.,  in  Oct.  18,  1858;  he 
married  Leah  Betz,  Sept.  8,  1842,  in 
Greene  Township,  Ross  Co.,  Ohio  ;  she 


s 


was  born  in  Greene  Township,  Pa.,  Aug. 
10,  1818;  they  have  two  children — 
Wm.  B.  and  Sarah  E. ;  she  married 
Valentine  Houseworth  Feb.,  1868.  Mr. 
R.  came  here  with  small  means,  and  has 
by  his  own  perse verence  and  energy  im- 
proved his  farm,  built  a  fine  residence, 
and  now  has  a  fine  home  and  pleasant 
surroundings,  with  an  intelligent  family 
to  reward  him  for  all  his  toil  and  labor. 
TINE,  CHAS.  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 


Saathoff,  A.  E.,  Sr.,  retired  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Saathoff,  A.  E.,  Jr.,  far.;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Shay,  Jno.,  farmer;  P.  0  Benson. 

Switzer,  Jno.  H.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Schwoke,  August,  far.;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Schwender,  J.  C,  farmer;  P.  0.  Panola. 

SHEEN,  PETER,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El 
Paso;  Democrat;  has  430  acres  of  the 
most  choice  land  on  Sees.  26  and  27, 
valued  at  $50  per  acre ;  he  was  born  in 
Limerick  Co.,  Ireland,  June  13,  1816, 
and  came  to  this  country  in  1837,  and 
settled  in  Peoria  Co.  in  1844,  and  on 
this  farm  March  4,  1865  ;  he  married 
Melissa  Robinson  in  Peoria,  Oct.  26, 
1848  ;  she  was  born  in  Rising  Sun, 
Ind.,  Dec.  11,  1824;  they  have  had 
fourteen  children  (lost  five  in  infancy) — 
Andrew,  David  R.,  Mary  Jane,  Melissa, 
J.  Frank,  Morris  N.,  Arvilla,  Arrenia 
and  Lawrence.  Daniel  R.  is  a  growing 
young  lawyer  in  Peoria.  Mr.  S.  came 
on  to  this  farm  when  it  was  entirely 
new,  and  with  his  splendid  improve- 
ments, together  with  its  unsurpassed 
natural  advantages,  no  one  doubts  its 
being  the  best  stock  and  grain  farm  in 
the  county.  Mr.  S.  is  one  of  the  intel- 
ligent, enterprising  men  of  the  times, 
and  his  great  success  in  life  has  been 
owing  to  good  management  and  hard 
work. 

SWATSLEY,  HENRY  H.,  farm- 
er; P.O.  Benson;  Dem.;  Baptist;  has  80 
acres  of  fine  land,  on  Sec.  15,  valued  at 
$65  per  acre.  He  was  born  in  Augusta 
Co.,  Va.,  May  7,  1837,  and  came  to  this 
county  with  his  father  in  1856  ;  bought 
his  present  farm  and  moved  on  it  in 
1870.  He  married  Margaret  A.  Nichol 
March  13, 1862 ;  she  was  born  in  Wash- 
ington, this  county,  August  13,  1844. 
They  have  six  children — James  W., 
Mary  C,  Anna  E.,  Flora  J.,  Alice   C. 

5 


566 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY: 


and  Fannie  May.  Mr.  S.  has  one  of 
the  best  80-acre  farms  in  the  county, 
and  everything  about  him  betokens 
thrift,  good  husbandry  and  work.  He 
has  a  fine  residence,  and  his  orchard, 
garden,  ynrds  and  general  improvements 
are  very  excellent. 

SWATSLEY,  GEO.  C,  farmer; 
P.O.  Benson;  Dem.;  Bapt.;  has  80  acres 
of  land  on  Sec.  15,  valued  at  $t)5  per 
acre.  Was  born  in  Augusta  Co.,  Va., 
June  21,  18-11,  and  came  to  this  county 
with  his  father  in  1856,  and  bought  the 
farm  where  he  now  lives,  in  the  Spring 
of  1870.  He  married  Elizabeth  Nichol 
in  Ohio,  Sept.  7,  18G9  ;  she  was  born 
in  Scotland,  May  31,  1842  ;  they  have 
three  daughters — Lucy  Jane,  Mary  M. 
and  Ella  C.  Mr.  S.  is  among  the 
younger  farmers,  yet  very  few  farms, 
residences,  barns,  and  other  permanent 
and  useful  improvements  show  better 
taste  and  husbandry  than  his. 

SWATSLEY,  JOHN,  retired  farm- 
er ;  P.  O.  Benson ;  was  born  in  Augus- 
ta Co.,  Va.,  Sept.  18, 1813,  and  came  to 
Metamora  in  the  Spring  of  1856;  he 
married  Catherine  Hayberger  April  3, 
1834,  in  Virginia;  she  was  born  Sept. 
11,  1805;  they  had  four  children — 
John  C.,  Henry  H.,  Sarah  Ann  C.  and 
George  C.  ;  Sarah  Ann  married  Jacob 
Tool  and  died  seven  years  afterward ; 
Dem. ;  Presb. ;  Mrs.  S.  died  Sept.  17, 
1867,  when  Mr.  S.  sold  his  property 
and  is  now  living  with  his  son,  George 
C,  enjoying  the  sunset  of  his  life  with 
his  children  and  friends. 

Stoneliraker,  J.  M.,  farmer;  P.  O.  Panola. 

STEPHENSON,  HENRY,  re- 
tired farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor  ;  he  was  born 
in  Greene  Co.,  Pa.,  Nov.  19,  1806  ; 
came  to  this  place  in  the  Spring  of  1852 ; 
he  married  Mary  Myers  April  10,  1832  ; 
she  was  born  in  Monongalia  Co.,  Va.,  Jan. 
16,  1811  ;  they  have  four  children  (lost 
one) — James  A.,  now  in  Iowa  and 
Sheriff  of  his  county ;  Martha  A.,  Ce- 
phas M.  and  Orpha;  Mrs.  S.  died  Aug. 
10,  1874;  Dem.;  has  142  acres  of  land 
on  Sec.  20 ;  Mr.  S.  was  among  the  early 
pioneers,  has  always  been  a  very  active, 
useful  and  energetic  citizen,  a  good 
neighbor  and  one  whose  prosperity  has 
been  slow  but  sure ;  his  memory  will 
live. 


Smith,  Gasper,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Short,  R.  f\,  fanner  ;   P.  O.  Benson. 

STEPHENSON,  CEPHAS  M., 

farmer  ;  P.  O.  Secor ;  Independent 
and  Christian  ;  was  born  in  Greene  Co., 
Pa.,  ."^pril  2,  1838,  and  came  to  this 
town  in  1852 ;  he  has  130  acres  of 
land  on  Sections  19  and  20.  He  mar- 
ried Mary  C.  Livingston,  June  8,  1862. 
She  was  born  May  25,  1838,  in  this 
county.  They  have  four  children — 
Alice,  Lewis  H.,  Ida  and  Reamer.  Mr. 
S.  has  for  several  years  been  Township 
Assessor  and  for  nine  years  School 
Treasurer  of  the  Township  ;  he  is  also 
Secretary  of  the  County  Mutual  In- 
surance Association.  He  is  a  fine 
farmer  and  one  of  the  best  business  men 
in  town  and  an  influential  citizen  in  the 
county. 
rpoOL,    J.    R.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Tool,  Wm.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Tool,  Jos.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 

TOOL,  CONRAD  H.,  fiirmer;  P. 
0.  Woodford ;  Democrat  and  Presby- 
terian ;  has  320  acres  on  Sec.  1,  valued 
at  $50  per  acre.  He  was  born  in  Au_ 
gusta  Co.,  West  Virginia,  Dec.  11 
1819,  and  came  to  McLean  Co.,  Oct.' 
30,  1833,  and  to  Tazewell  Co.  (when  it 
was  embraced  in  this  county)  in  the 
Spring  of  1834,  and  in  1844  he  moved 
to  Low  Point,  Woodford  Co.,  and  in 
January,  1857,  he  removed  to  this  farm, 
which  he  had  broken  and  improved  the 
year  before.  He  married  Miss  Eliza 
Remley,  of  Monroe  Co.,  0.,  in  June, 
1842.  She  was  born  March  28,  1819. 
They  have  eight  children — Geo. 
M.,  Joseph  R.,  Wm.  H.,  Elizabeth  E., 
Elmira  D.,  Arthur,  Sylvester  and  Eliza. 
Mr.  T.  is  one  of  the  oldest  pioneers  in 
the  county  and  has  lived  to  see  the  vast 
unsettled  pi-airie  settled  and  finely  im- 
proved. His  own  farm  is  one  of  the 
best  improved,  and  has  also  one  of  the 
excellent  farms  and  homes  of  the  county. 

XTDEN,  JOHN,  farmer;    P.   0.   Mi- 
\^       nonk. 

YILVEN,  R.  T.,  farmer;    P.  O.  Ben- 
son. 
Vilven,  Wm.  R.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Vogle,  Sebastian,  farmer  ;   P.  0.   Benson. 
Vogle,  Jos.,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Benson. 
Van  Alstine,  J.  E.,  farmer;  P.  O.  Secor. 


GREENE  TOAYNSHIP. 


567 


VILVIN,  WM.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Ben- 
son ;  Republican;  Episcdpalian ;  has 
240  acres  in  Sees.  3  and  10,  valued  at 
$50  per  acre ;  he  was  born  in  Devon- 
shire, England,  July  11,  1824,  and 
came  to  this  State  and  county  in  July, 
1853,  and  to  his  farm  in  1867  ;  he  mar- 
ried Mary  Eichards,  in  England,  July, 
1845 ;  she  was  born  in  Devonshire, 
England,  June,  1817;  they  have  six 
children— John  K.,  Mary  R.  T.,  Rich- 
ard T.,  Wm.  R.,  Elizabeth  E.  R.,  Ma- 
lora  R.  Mr.  V.  came  to  this  country 
with  very  little  means,  and  has,  by  his 
own  industry  and  good  management, 
earned  a  fine  home  and  farm,  and  is  one 
of  the  enlightened,  independent  farmers 
of  the  town. 

WHITTAKER,  A.  M.,  farmer;  P. 
0.  Secor. 

Wessel,  Henry,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Wessel,  Christian,  firmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Williams,  Elizabeth,  far. ;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Waugh,  A.  J.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Wiltz,  M.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Weber,  Wm.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Wilson,  G.  S.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Waltzen,  E.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 

WILLIAMS,  LEWIS  (deceased), 
farmer ;  P.  0.  Panola.  He  was  born 
in  Greene  Co.,  Pa.,  May  30,  1821,  and 
came  to  this  county  in  1848,  and  to  this 
f\irm  in  1858,  having  made  improve- 
ments two  years  previous.  He  married 
Miss  Elizabeth  Conn,  in  this  county, 
Dec.  11,  1851.  She  was  born  in  Fay- 
ette Co.,  Pa.,  May  10,  1832.  They 
have  nine  children — Ruah  E.,  Mary 
Jane,  James  L.,  Keziah  R.,  Lewis  F., 
George  E.,  Abraham  Lincoln,  Ida  May 
and  Robert  E.  Mr.  W.  died  Feb.  23, 
1872,  leaving  one  of  the  best  farms  in 
the  county,  and  a  very  large,  intelligent 
and  industrious  family.  Mrs.  W.  keeps 
the  family  together,  works  the  large 
farm,  is  educating  the  children,  and 
otherwise  doing  much  for  their  comfort 
and  happiness.  She  has  built  one  of 
the  finest  residences  in  the  county, 
which,  with  the  other  improvements, 
makes  this  one  of  the  most  pleasant 
homes.  Republican  ;  Baptist.  Has 
360  acres  of  land  on  Sees.  11,  13  and 
14,  valued  at  $50  per  acre. 


Willms,  H.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 

^Villms,  John,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 

AV'ilson,  Lsaae,  tarnicr ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

WILSON,  J.  R,,  farmer;  P.  0.  Se- 
cor. He  was  born  in  Belknap  Co.,  N. 
H.,  Feb.  27,  1823,  and  came  with  his 
father,  Nathaniel  Wilson,  to  Metamora 
in  1835,  and  on  to  this  farm  in  1850. 
He  lives  with  his  third  wife,  having 
lost  his  two  first.  His  first  was  Eliza- 
beth Kindig ;  second,  Sarah  Wilson ; 
the  present,  Melissa  Wood,  whom  he 
married  Jan.  7,  1864.  They  have 
twelve  children — Mary,  Samuel,  George, 
Joseph  and  Nathaniel  by  his  second 
wife,  and  Frank,  Susan,  Hiram,  Thomas, 
Edwin,  Clarke  and  Emma  by  the  present. 
Mr.  W.  has  for  many  years  held  the 
office  of  Supervisor,  and  other  important 
trusts.  He  commenced  life  very  poor, 
but  by  economy,  hard  work  and  good 
management,  has  become  one  of  the 
most  successful  and  extensive  farmers  in 
the  county.  His  improvements  and 
buildings  are  of  the  most  substantial, 
and  his  home  and  situation  one  of  the 
most  desirable.  Has  a  farm  of  520 
acre^  on  Sees.  17,  19  and  20,  and  one  of 
460  acres  in  Ohio ;  first  valued  at  S50 
per  acre  and  second  at  $45.  Independent; 
Christian. 

WOOD,  WM.  W.,  firmer;  P.  0. 
Benson;  Dem.  ;  has  160  acres  on  Sec. 
8,  valued  at  $50  per  acre  ;  he  was  born 
in  Greene  Co.,  Pa.,  in  1813,  and  came  to 
this  place  in  1856  ;  he  married  Sarah 
Gregg,  in  1837,  in  Greene  Co.  ;  she  was 
born  in  Greene  Co.  in  1816  ;  they  have 
seven  children  —  Le  Roy,  Joseph  G., 
Lucinda,  Melissa,  Orpha,  Thos  0.,  and 
James  C. ;  Ori)ha  died  when  two  years  old; 
Thos.  O.  died  in  1876,  aged  26 ;  Mr.  Wood 
came  in  here  when  the  prairie  was  nearly 
all  unoccupied,  and  was  among  the  first 
to  make  his  farm  ;  he  has  a  good  farm, 
well  improved  and  well  located ;  Mr.  W. 
is  a  man  universally  respected  ;  he  has 
raised  a  fine,  intelligent  family,  all  well 
settled  in  life  ;  his  youngest  son,  Jas.  C, 
is  unmarried,  and  obtaining  an  education. 

YOUNGER,     WM.,    farmer;     P.    0. 
Benson. 
Yambert,  J.  J.,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Yambert,    Aaron,  farmer  ;    P.  O.  El  Paso. 


568 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY : 


PANOLA   TOWNSHIP. 


ATKINSON,    JNO.,    farmer;    P.  0. 
Woodford. 
Abbott,  Geo.,  farmer;  P.O.  Woodford. 
Adams,  Jno.,  wagon  ii)fr.;   P.  0.  Panola. 
Althouse.  Jacob,  farmer  ;   P.  0.   Panola. 

BROWN,    J.    0.,    farmer;     P.O.  El 
Paso. 
Blunchin,  W.  M.,  farmer;  P.  0.   El  Paso. 
Blunchin.  Phillip,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Biackmore,  John,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Brugh,  James,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Boon.  Alex.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Bassett,  P.  S.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Boyd,  Joshua,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Biackmore.  James,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Boner,  ^Marshall,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Panola. 
Briggs,  M.  F. 

Baughman,  Jno.,  far. ;  P.  0.  Woodford. 
Benson.  Geo.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Panola. 
Boyd,  Jno.  M.,  former;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Betz,  Solomon,  P.  O.  Panola. 

CANNON,  ISAAC,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El 
Paso. 
Coombs.  Benj.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Panola. 
Cook.  Jno..  farmer;  P.  0.  Panola. 

DRURY.    G.    N.,    preacher;     P.     0. 
Panola. 
Duehr,  Eva ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Dye.  Jas.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Down,  John,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Donner,  Peter,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Donner.  Christian  ;   P.  0.  Panola. 
Donner,  Fred  ;  P.  0.  Panola. 
Diggle,  James,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Diggle,  Thos.,  fanner  ;  P.  0.  EI  Paso. 
Dawson,  S.  R.,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Devries,  N.  S.,  farmer;  P.  O.  Panola. 

ENRIGHT,  JNO.,  section  hand  ;  P.O. 
Panola. 

Elliott,  S.  N.,  merchant;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Evans,  R.  J.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Panola. 

Evans,  J.  S.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Ept,  Henry,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Engel,  C,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Woodf.rd. 

Engel,  Jno.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Evans.  P.  M.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Evans.  J.  C.  firmer;   P.  0.  El  Pa.so. 

EVANS,  ROBERT  J.,  farmer  ;  P. 
0.  Panola.  Has  (i5  acres  of  excellent 
land  ill  Sec.  32,  valued  at  $65  per  acre. 
He  was  born  in  Green  County,  Pa.,  June 
11, 1817,  and  came  to  this  county,  Nov. 


],  1855,  and  bought  and  improved  his 
farm  in  1856.  He  married  Nancy  C. 
Gregg,  in  Pa.,  June,  1842.  She  was 
born  in  Green  Co.,  Aug.  14,  1820. 
They  have  had  8  children— Josiah  S., 
Casandra  G.,  Rachel  E.,  Jeremiah  E., 
John  C,  Orpha  T.,  Robert  J.  and  Lewis 
K.  Dea.  Evans  was  one  of  the  first  to 
settle  on  this  prairie ;  assisted  to  start 
the  Bapt.  church  ;  has  long  been  a  lead- 
ing member  and  officer;  has  raised  a 
large  family  of  ver^^  capable  children : 
all  are  intellectual,  temperate,  studious, 
.   and  all  have  been  self-made  teachers. 

FURSMAN,  E.  S.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El 
Paso. 
Fisher,  L.  C,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Folkints,  J.  T.,  farmer ;  P.  O.  Woodford. 
Folley,  Michael,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Panola. 
Flood,  M.  C,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Woodford. 
Forsvth,  James,  fai'mer  ;  P.  0.  Panola. 

GEIGER,  L.  A.,  farmer;    P.  0.  El 
Paso. 
Grundy,  Thos.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Panola. 
Grundy,  John,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Panola. 
Greibiel,  Jo.seph,  farmer  ;     P.   0.  Panola. 
Gotsman,  L.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Gross,  Samuel,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Panola. 
Glassing,  J.  ]M.,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Panola. 
Guard,  Jno.,  flirmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Gallagher,  Thos.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Gibbons,  James,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Panola. 
Gibbons,  Michael,  farmer  ;    P.  0.  Panola. 
TTALL,  HENRY,  far. ;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Horner,  G.  W..  fiumer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Haas,  Jos.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Harrison,  F. 

Haas,  Peter,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Hill,  Daniel',  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Hodgson.  Jesse,  fjirmer;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Herr,  Martin,  farmer :  P.  0.  Panola. 

HODGSON,  LEVI,  flu  ,  importer 
and  breeder  of  Norman  horses,  also 
breeder  of  Durham  cattle ;  P.  O.  Pano- 
la; he  was  born  in  Clinton  Co..  Ohio, 
June  22,  1820,  and  came  to  Tazewell 
Co.,  111.,  in  1832,  and  to  this  place  in 
1856  ;  has  240  acres  of  land  on  Sec. 
28,  valued  at  $14,000  ;  he  married 
Anna  Bennett,  in  1847  ;  she  was  born 
in   Tazewell   Co.,   in   1830;    they  have 


PANOLA  TOWNSHIP. 


569 


had  eleven  children,  four  having:  died 
young — Byron,  Alvin,  Loein,  Lewis, 
Elmer,  Myra  and  Wilbert ;  Mr.  H.  waa 
one  of  the  first  settlers  in  the  town,  and 
by  his  industry  and  good  managciuent 
has  made  one  of  the  best  farms  and 
homes  in  the  town ;  the  enterprise 
which  he  has  shown  in  the  importation 
of  the  best  Normans  and  the  breeding 

,  of  fine  Durhams  places  him  among  the 
leading  farmers  and  breeders  of  the 
State. 

Horner,  Landon,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Horner,  James,  farmer;   P.  0.  Panola, 

Hamra,  W.  H.,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Kurd,  T.  J.,  fiumer ;  El  Paso. 

Hilsibeck,  D.  W.,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Woodford. 

Hilsibeck,  J.  C,  farmer;   P.O.  Woodford. 

Huxtable,  W.  A.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Horner,  Jno.,  fiumer ;   P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Hefler,  Jno.,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Hefler,  Adam,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Hodge,  R.  R.,  farmer;   P.  0.  EI  Paso. 

HODGSON,  EDWIN,  farmer  and 
dealer  in  Norman  horses ;  P.  0.  El 
Paso  ;  has  120  acres  of  fine  land,  valued 
at  $7,000 ;  he  was  born  in  Tazewell  Co., 
Jan.  1, 1842,  and  moved  on  his  farm  in 
1868  ;  he  married  Miss  Sarah  E.  Wor- 
ley,  in  I860  ;  she  was  born  in  Tazewell 
Co.,  in  1847 ;  they  have  had  eight 
children  (four  having  died  in  inflmcy) — 
Willie,  Lester,  Eugene  and  Charles. 
Mr.  H.  has  a  fine  park  of  deer,  and 
otherwise  his  home  and  surroundings 
show  cultivation  and  taste ;  he  has  a 
stable  of  fine  Norman  horses,  one  of 
which,  "  Belgin,"  an  imported  horse,  has 
just  been  sold  to  go  to  Washington  Ter., 
for  a  large  price.  Mr.  H.,  in  politics,  is 
a  Republican. 

IOERGER,  HENRY,  farmer;    P.    0. 
Woodford, 
loerger,  Fred.,  farmer ;    P.  0.  Woodford. 

JOHNS,  OAZL\S,  farmer;  P.  0. 
Panola. 

Jenkins.  Anton,  fai'mer;  P.  0.  Panola. 

JOHNSON,  ANDREW,  fiumer; 
p.  0.  El  Paso ;  has  200  acres  of  splendid 
land,  on  Sec.  31,  valued  at  $55  per 
acre ;  he  was  born  in  Germany,  Dec, 
1822,  and  came  to  this  State  and  town 
Aus:.,  1852 ;  moved  on  his  farm  in 
1868;  he  bought  the  Monk  farm,  in 
Roanoke,  and  lived  on  it  for  two  years  and 
sold  it  and  bouLiht  where  he  now  lives ; 


he  married  Mary  F.  Gibson,  in  Menard 
Co.,  April  14,  1857  ;  she  was  born  in 
Sangamon  Co.,  Oct.  6,  1835;  they  have 
eight  children — Malinda  A.,  George  W., 
Sarah  J.,  Isaac,  Teany,  John  H.,  Charles 
H.,  Jessie  Lee  and  Arthur;  John  H. 
died  March  3,  1871.  Mr.  J.  came  to 
this  country  poor,  but  by  industry  and 
good  management  and  proverbial  hon- 
esty, has  a  fixrm,  dwelling  and  barn, 
which  are  the  pride  of  Panola ;  he  is  a 
very  systematical  farmer,  and  a  repre- 
sentative German  and  man  ;  Democrat ; 
Lutheran. 

KINGDON,  HENRY,  farmer ;  P.  0. 
El  Paso. 

Kingdon,    Elizabeth,  far.  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Krug,  George,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Kelso,  R.  R.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El.  Paso. 

Kelley,  John,  farmer  ;    P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Krug,  Michael,  farmer  ;   P.  O.  Panola. 

Kirk,  John,  farmer;   P.  0.  Woodford. 

Kirk,    William,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Woodford. 

KIRK,  WILLIAM  M.,  fixrmer; 
Sec.  5  ;  P.  0.  Woodford  ;  he  was  born 
in  the  North  of  Ireland  Dec.  4,  1827, 
and  came  to  this  country  in  1846,  and 
settled  in  Pennsylvania,  and  came  to 
Tazewell  Co.,  in  1852,  and  on  to  this 
farm  in  1865.  He  married  Miss  Nan- 
cy Jennings  in  Pennsylvania  in  1849  ; 
she  was  born  in  the  North  of  Ireland 
June  22,  1823  ;  they  have  ten  children 
— William,  Ellen,  John,  Jane,  Samuel, 
Nancy,  Mathew,  Anna,  Elizabeth  and 
and  James;  Dem. ;  Presb.  ;  has  240 
acres  of  excellent  land,  valued  at  $50 
per  acre  ;  Mr.  K.  has  one  of  the  good 
fiirms  of  the  town,  and  when  bought, 
one  of  the  largest,  being  440  acres,  some 
of  which  is  deeded  to  his  sons ;  he  is 
one  of  the  enterprising,  intelligent  men 
of  the  county,  and  has  made  fanning 
a  success. 

LYONS,  PATRICK,  farmer ;    P.    0. 
El  Paso. 
Lockwood,  Watson,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Panola.    ' 
Leary,  John,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Panola. 
Lipoid,  John,  farmer;  P.  0.  Panola. 
Lyons,  James,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Lock,  Job,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Panola. 
Leary,  J.  E.  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Panola. 
nV  /TAIER,    JOHN,    farmer ;  P.  0.  El 

Major,  Horace,  fiirmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Moo!,  James,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 


670 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


Miller,  George,  farmer;   P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Malone,  Patrick,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Panola. 

McKay,  Mich.,  section  boss  ;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Morris,  J.  T.  farmer ;  P.  0.  Panola. 

McGreil,  John,  fainier;   P.  0.  Woodford. 

MYERS,  OLIVER  P.  A.,  former 
and  drover;  P.  0.  Panola  ;  Independent 
and  Quaker;  was  born  in  Greene  Co.,  Pa., 
July  14,  1828,  and  came  to  this  county 
in  1850,  and  purchased  a  good  farm  in 
Sec.  21,  where  he  lived  until  March  20, 
1878,  when  he  sold  part  of  his  farm  and 
moved  into  the  village  ;  he  has  been  a 
very  successful  farmer  and  drover,  which 
has  been  his  biisiness  from  boyhood  ;  he 
was  elected  County  Treasurer  in  1861, 
and  lield  the  office  for  two  years ;  has 
several  times  been  Supervisor,  and  holds 
the  office  at  the  present  time  ;  he  mar- 
ried Naomi  J.  Berry,  Jan.  14,  1855  ; 
they  have  had  three  children — Buenos 
Ayres,  Madge  Lila  and  Wm.  S.  Berry, 
the  latter  having  died  when  about  eight 
years  old,  June  17,  1876. 

McOMBER,  HORACE  L.,  farmer, 
etc.;  P.  0.  El  Paso ;  liepublican  and 
Methodist ;  has  130  acres  in  Sections 
34  and  35,  of  fine  land ;  he  was 
born  in  Saratoga  Co.,  N.  T.,  Sept.  17, 
1827,  and  came  to  this  place  in  April, 
1856,  and  bought  his  land  direct  from 
the  Eailioad  Company;  he  married 
Miss  Margaret  J.  Brown,  Nov.  3,  1852; 
she  was  born  in  Saratoga  Co.,  Feb.  1, 
1832  ;  they  have  four  children — Laura 
J.,  Hattie  M.,  John  Lewis  and  Eddy  T. 
Mr.  McOmber  came  on  to  this  prairie 
among  the  very  first  in  the  town,  made 
a  good  selection,  set  out  an  orchard  of 
240  trees,  laid  out  his  farm  into  10  and 
20  acre  lots  with  a  fine  hedsre,  has  built 
a  very  fine  house  and  other  improve- 
ments, which  renders  his  home  and  farm 
one  of  the  most  desirable. 

McCLEL AN,  CHARLES  O., 

fanner ;  P.  O.  El  l*aso 
Independent ;  has  200 
fioe  land,  on  Sees.  34  and  35.  He  was 
born  near  Lowell,  Mass.,  January  12, 
1819,  and  came  to  Antioch,  Lake  Co., 
111.,  in  1838,  and  worked  for  Mr.  L. 
Piersons  one  year,  then  made  a  clearing 
of  some  land,  and  remained  on  it  until 
1852  ;  then  sold  out  and  moved  into  Jo 
Daviess  Co.,  and  remained  there  until 
1862,  when   he   came  to  this  township 


m   politics  13 
acres   of  very 


and  located  a  part  of  his  farm  from  the 
Government,  and  purchased  a  part  from 
the  railroad  company.  He  married 
Eunice  W.  Avery  April  6,  1846 ;  she 
was  born  in  Brandon,  Rutland  Co.,  Vt., 
May  5,  1827  ;  they  have  three  children 
— Orris  W.,  Flora  R.  and  F.  Avery. 
Mr.  McG.  values  his  farm  at  S  10,000, 
which  he  has  accumulated  and  saved  by 
his  own  industry  and  economy.  They 
have  a  pleasant  home,  and  are  deserving 
of  it. 

NETHERCOTT,  WM.,   farmer  ;    P. 
0.  El  Paso. 
Nethercott,  Robt..  former :  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

O'CONNEL,  TIMOTHY,  farmer  ;   P. 
0.  Panola. 
Oberlander,  Wm.,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Panola. 
Oberhelmann,  Aug.,  farmer;  P.O.  Panola. 
lIPER,  JOS.,  farmer;  P.  0.  P.nola. 


P' 


Peterson,  BarthoL,  farmer;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Parks,  T.  B.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Panola. 

Pittman.  Jesse  A.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Wood- 
ford. ' 

Plackett,  Jesse,  fanner  ;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Paden,  James,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Perrin,  R.  T.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Phillips,  M.  S.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Peck,  John,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Woodford. 

Pawley,  Edward,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Punko,  Henry,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Pleasants,  J.  W.;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Priest,  John,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Parnham,  Rich.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Parnhain.  Thos.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Panola. 

PUNKE,  REINHOLD  F.,  former ; 
p.  0.  El  Paso ;  is  a  Democrat  and 
Lutheran  Reformed ;  has  a  very  fine 
form  of  240  acres  on  Sec.  24,  valued  at 
810,000 ;  was  born  in  Prussia,  August 
14,  1840,  and  came  to  this  State  in  1859, 
and  to  this  county  in  1863,  and  worked 
in  El  Paso  at  the  cabinet  business,  a  trade 
he  learned  in  his  own  country  thoroughly; 
in  1866,  he  bought  his  form  and  moved 
on  to  it,  and  is  succeeding  remarkably 
well  as  a  farmer ;  he  married  Miss  Wil- 
lielinine  Otto,  in  1865  ;  she  was  born  in 
Germany,  Sept,  28,  1843;  they  have 
five  children,  lost  one — Gustav  Adolph, 
Henry  Herman,  Ana  Emilie,  Wilhel- 
mine  Antonotte  and  August  Reinhold  ; 
Mr.  Punke  has  a  good  business  educa- 
tion, and  is  among  the  most  enterprising 
of  his  countrymen. 


PANOLA  TOWNSHIP. 


571 


REUST,    SAMUEL,   farmer;    P.    0. 
Panola. 

Reiser,  Nicholas,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Render,  Jno.  C,  farmer ;  P.  0.  EI  Paso. 

Reed,  J.  C,  farmer;  P.  0.  Woodford. 

Rudd,  Jas.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Woodford. 

Reust,  A.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Ruvenaclit,  C,  farmer;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Roll,  Leonard,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Render,  Jas.,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Roth,  Peter,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Ruvenaclit,  C.  H.,  farmer;    P.  0.   Panola. 

Ruvenaclit,  Barbara;  P.  0.  Panola. 

RAYMANN,  LOUIS,  harness 
maker  ;  P.  0.  Panola ;  he  is  the  Town 
Justice,  is  a  Democrat  and  a  Catholic  ; 
was  born  in  Prussia,  Feb.  16,  1826, 
and  came  to  this  country  in  1854  and 
settled  in  Connecticut,  and  remained 
there  1-4  years;  in  1868  he  came  to 
El  Paso,  and  in  1870  came  to  this 
place  ;  he  learned  his  trade  while  young, 
where  to  get  an  education  and  learn  a 
trade  means  something.  He  married 
Ludowine  Klodt  in  1851.  They  have 
had  13  children,  three  having  died 
young — Mary,  Louis,  Louise,  Andrew, 
Gustavus,  Dora,  Anna,  Loduwiue,  Em- 
ma and  Leo.  Leo  is  the  13th  child, 
and  is  named  in  honor  of  Pope  Leo 
XIII.  Mr.  R.  is  a  very  intelligent  and 
industrious  citizen,  and  ranks  favorably 
among  the  enterprising  merchants  of 
the  county. 

STRICKLAND    T.    J.,    far.;     P.    0. 
Panola. 

Sturgeon,  W.  C.  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Santer,  Jno.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Saltsman,  Geo.,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Sturgeon,  Samuel,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Schofield.  Richard,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Shaw,  J.  M.,  farmer  ;  P.  O.  El  Paso. 

Scott,  Thos.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Sheen,  Andrew,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Sharp,  Dennis,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Panola. 

SALTSMAN,  HENRY,  farmer, 
etc.;  P.  0.  Panola;  Democrat  and  Uni- 
versalist;  was  born  in  Montgomery  Co., 
N.  Y.,  April  18,  1808,  and  removed  to 
Cortland  Co.  in  1822  ;  in  1852,  came 
to  Aurora,  111.,  and  in  1856  came  to 
Panola.  He  has  220  acres  of  land  well 
improved,  lives  in  the  village,  and  owns 
a  good  home,  and  considerable  village 
property.  Was  Deputy  Sheriff  in  Cort- 
land  Co.  for  twelve    years  ;    has  been 


Justice  here  for  twenty  years,  and  one 
of  the  active  politicians  of  the  county. 
He  married  Polly  Carpenter  in  Dryden, 
Tompkins  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  9,  1832. 
She  was  born  there  March  8,  1813. 
They  have  had  eight  children — Geo. 
W.,  Chas.  A.,  Candace  A.,  Sanford  B., 
Anna  M.,  Abner  C,  Nicholas  H.  and 
Abbie  L.  Anna  M.,  Sanford  B.  and 
Abbie  L.  are  dead.  Santa  B.  died  Nov. 
16,  1876,  of  disease  contracted  in  the 
army. 

Smith,  Leonard,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Stumbaugh,  Levi,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Syze,  Thos.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Woodford. 

Strickland,  W.  I.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Sheppard,  David,  laborer ;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Saltsman,  Polly ;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Shaw,  O.  P.,  Sr.,  farmer;  P.  O.  El  Paso. 

SCHWEIZER,  JOHN,  grocery- 
man  and  dealer  in  grain  ;  P.  0.  Panola ; 
was  born  in  Wurtemburg,  Germany, 
April  20,  1838,  and  came  to  this 
country  and  town  Sept.  6,  1867,  and 
engaged  in  the  shoe  business,  and  con- 
tinued in  it  until  Dec,  1877,  when  he 
engaged  in  the  grocery  and  grain  trade  ; 
he  married  Anna  Sturm  in  Germany, 
in  1863 ;  they  have  four  children — 
Barbary,  Mary,  Joseph  and  Katie.  He 
is  an  energetic  and  industrious  citizen, 
and  has  the  respect  and  confidence  of 
the  community.  He  is  an  Independent 
and  a  Catholic. 

Scott,  Wm.,  farmer;  P,  0.  Panola. 

Summers,  E.  R.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Summers,  M.  Mrs. ;  P.  O.  Panola. 

Springate,  Wm.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Shaw,  0.  P.,  Jr.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Saltsman,  C.  A.,  farmer ;  P.  <  >.  Panola. 

Shaw.  Thomas,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Senenger,  J.  B.,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

SWARTZ,  JOSEPH  B.,  former; 
breeder  of  Clydesdale  horses  and  general 
stock  raiser ;  P.  0.  El  Paso ;  is  a  Re- 
publican ;  i.ttends  the  Evangelical  As- 
sociated Church  ;  has  240  acres  on  Sec. 
34,  and  160  on  Sec.  3,  opposite,  in 
McLean  Co.,  all  valued  at  $24,000.  He 
was  born  in  Fairfield  Co.,  Ohio,  May  8, 
1834,  and  came  to  this  State  and  place, 
Feb.,  1866.  He  married  Miss  Barbary 
E.  Keller,  April  23,  1857.  She  was 
born  in  Licking  Co.,  Ohio,  July  8, 
1840.  They  have  had  ten  children, 
(lost  two) — Clinton  T.,  Clara  A.,  Mel- 


572 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


vin  W.,  Ida  Bell,  Lucy  May,  Elsie 
Ellen,  Joseph  V.  and  Ralph  B.  :Mr. 
S.,  as  a  farmer  and  stock  raiser,  ranks 
among  the  verj'  best  in  the  county,  and 
his  farm  and  surroundings  are  among 
the  beautiful  ones  of  the  State. 

SHAW,  OLIVER  P.,  farmer  ;  P.O. 
El  Paso  ;  in  politics,  is  a  Democrat,  and 
in  religion  a  Methodist ;  has  280  acres 
of  land  on  Sees.  10  and  11.  He  was 
born  in  Brown  Co.,  Ohio.  May  24, 
1819,  and  came  to  Metamora,  this 
county,  Oct  13,  1855,  and  to  this  farm 
in  Feb.,  1860.  He  married,  for  his 
first  wife.  Jane  Pindall.  in  1838.  She 
died  in  Jan..  1843,  and  left  three  chil- 
dren ;  one  died  while  young — Thomas 
J.,  Oliver  P.,  Jr.  He  married  his 
present  wife,  Celenda  G.  Briggs.  Dec. 
14,  1844.  She  was  born  in  Berkshire 
Co..  Mass..  June  30.  1820.  They  have 
had  seven  children  (lost  four) — James 
M.,  Mary  A.  and  William  F.  Mr. 
Shaw  is  one  of  the  pioneers  on  this 
vasi  prairie,  and  has  made  many  sub- 
stantial improvements,  which  render 
his  home  and  farm  one  of  the  very  at- 
tractive features  of  this  part  of  the 
town. 

r-pAYLOR.  J.  C.  farmer  ;    P.  0.  Pan- 

_L      ola. 

Tervehen,  Albert,  blacksmith  ;  P.  0. 
Panola. 

Thomas,  D.,  blacksmith  ;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Tucker,  Chas..  farmer ;   P.  0.  Panola. 

Tobie,  r.  W.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Tool.  Geo.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Thorpe,  Geo.,  Jr.,  farmer;  P.O.  Panola. 

Thorpe.  Wm..  farmer:   P.  0.  Panola. 

THORPE,  GEORGE,  far. ;  P.  0. 

Panola;  Rep.  and  Meth.;  has  400  acres 
in  Sec.  1,  valued  at  820,000,  also  a  fine 
farm  near  Peoria,  and  considerable 
Peoria  city  property ;  he  was  born  in 
Derbyshire,  England,  March  3,  1819, 
and  came  to  Pe(tria  May  20,  1841, 
where  he  worked  at  his  trade,  building 
and  contracting,  for  eighteen  years, 
when  he  bought  a  farm  near  the  city, 
and  remained  there  until  March,  1869, 
when  he  came  to  this  county ;  he  mar- 
ried Eliza  Morris,  in  Peoria,  Oct.,  1842; 


she  was  born  in  Lancashire,  England, 
July  11,  1821  ;  they  have  had  seven 
children — two  having  died  in  infancy, 
and  Henry  died  when  thirteen  years 
old  ;  four  living — William,  34  years  old  ; 
George,  32 ;  Mary  Ann  23,  and  Joseph, 
17  ;  Mr.  T.  came  to  this  country  poor, 
and  by  industry  and  good  management 
has  accumulated  a  rich  competency  ;  in 
1876,  he  lost  all  his  buildings  by  fire 
(except  his  house),  together  with  nearly 
all  his  grain  and  hay,  and  other  valu- 
able property ;  his  farm  and  location  is 
one  of  the  most  desirable. 
XTNGER,  CHRIST.,  farmer;  P.  0. 
U       El  Paso. 

YOSBERG,  HEDDO,  farmer;  P.  0. 
Panola. 
Vosbers,  G.  H.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Panola. 

'ARD,  L.  X.  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Panola. 


W 


Wall,  John  D.,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Wills,  Frank  M.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Weinhamer,  A.  J.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Waite,  F.  T.,  farmer ;  P.  O.  El  Paso. 

W^orley,  J.  M.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Panola. 

W^elch,  W.  W.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Wallace,  A.  C,  farmer;  P.  0.  Panola. 

Wait,  M.  H.,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Whiting,  Francis,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Wilkey,  John,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Worley,  C.  E.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Whitlock,  Edwin,  blacksmith ;  P.  0.  Pa- 
nola. 

Walden,  Joseph,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El    Paso. 

WARD,  JOHN,  flu-mer;  See.  19; 
P.  O.  Panola ;  he  was  born  in  Marshall 
Co.,  W.  Va.,  July  17,  1823,  and  came 
to  this  county  in  18.")0,  and  on  this  farm 
in  1857  ;  he  married  Jane  B.  Bryson 
in  ^Marshall  Co.,  W.  Ya.,  Feb.  17, 1852  ; 
she  was  born  in  Belmont  Co.,  Ohio, 
Oct.  29,  1830  ;  they  have  two  boys — 
Lemuel  N  ,  and  Darwin  A.  ;  Mr.  Ward 
was  among  the  first  to  settle  on  this  then 
vast  unbroken  prairie,  and  one  now  pass- 
ing his  valuable  farm  and  residence  will 
recognize  it  as  the  home  of  a  prosperous 
and  thorough  man,  and  one  whose  pros- 
perity depended  upon  his  labor  ;  Rep.  ; 
Meth. ;  has  346  acres  of  land,  valued  at 
$50  per  acre. 


ROANOKE  TOWNSHIP. 


573 


ROANOKE    TOWNSHIP. 


AMSLER,  HENEY,  farmer  ;     P.  0. 
Koanoke. 
Aden,  Jno.  R.,  saloon  ;   P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Achleman,  Simeon,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Auer,  Frank,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Achleman,  Jos.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Aue,  iNIina,  farmer ;  P.  0.   Eureka. 
Aclileman,  Matis,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Achleman,  Peter,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

BALLY,    SAMUEL,    farmer;     P.O. 
Roanoke. 
Borden,  L.  N.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Borden,  Jno.  S.,  farmer;  P.O.  Roanoke. 
Borden,  Abram,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Biniiham,    Emory    E.,  farmer    ;      P.     0. 

Roanoke. 
Butterfield,  Samuel,  far. ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Bally,  Peter,  former ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Blunier,  Peter,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Brown,  D.  S., firmer  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Beer.  Jno.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Burks,  H.  M.,  firmer  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

BACH  MANN,  ANDREW,  form- 
ing and  stock ;  Sec.  7  ;  P. «  .  Cazenovia  ; 
was  born  in  Hesse  Darmstadt  June  4, 
1820  ;  he  married  Miss  Catherine  Sut- 
ter. She  was  born  in  Old  Berne,  Ger- 
many. They  have  six  children — Mag- 
dalene, John,  Samuel,  Barbara,  JacolD, 
Emma.  He  lived  in  Germany  until 
1846,  when  he  came  to  this  country  ; 
he  landed  at  New  Orleans,  then  came 
to  Woodford  Co.,  111.  He  came  here 
without  any  money,  and  now  owns  480 
acres  in  this  township,  and  58  acres  of 
timber  in  Partridge,  all  of  which  he 
has  earned  by  his  own  labor. 

BRUBAKER,  ABRAHAM,  for 

mer ;  Sees.  22  and  15;  P.  O.  Roan- 
oke ;  was  born  in  Richland  Co.,  Ohio, 
July  4,  1830.  He  married  Miss 
Catherine  Sentle,  Jan.  10,  1860.  She 
was  born  in  Pennsylvania,  and  died  Feb. 
15,  1868.  They  had  three  children— Ida 
M.,  born  Feb.  19,  1861  ;  William  A., 
born  May  19,  1863  ;  Henry,  born  Aug. 
26,  1865.  His  second  wife  was  Miss 
Sanny  Sentle,  who  was  born  in  Penn- 
sylvania; married  Sept.  1,  1869  ;  they 
have  two  children — Mary,  born  June  9, 
1872;  Norah,  born  March  10,  1877. 
He  lived  in  Ohio  until  1851,  then  came 


to  Woodford  Co.  and  settled  at  Walnut 
Grove  with  his  parents  ;  remained  three 
years  there,  then  came  to  Roanoke  Tp.^ 
and  has  lived  here  since;  he  owns  160 
acres  here  and  five  acres  timber  in 
Greene  Tp. 

Braubaker,  Dan,  farmer ;  P.  0.   Roanoke. 

Brown,  T.  A.  merchant ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Beeman,  Wm.,  blacksmith ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Brown,  C.  F.,  lumber  dealer;  P.  0.  Ro- 
anoke. 

Birkey,   Valentine,  far.  ;  P.    0.  Roanoke. 

Baringer,  Jacob,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

BELSLEY,  PETER,  forming ;  Sec. 
25  ;  P.O.  Roanoke ;  was  born  in  Wood- 
ford Co.,  111.,  Dec.  7,  1841  ;  he  mar- 
ried Miss  Catherine  Schertz  Nov.  24, 
1867  ;  she  was  born  in  Woodford  Co., 
111.,  Sept.  15,  1846  ;  they  have  five 
children — Annie  H.,  John  J.,  David  C, 
Michael  E.  and  Magdalene  E.  He 
lived  in  the  county  most  of  his  time, 
living  with  his  parents  until  he  was 
married,  then  commenced  farming  on 
his  own  account,  on  Section  25,  and  the 
present  is  the  third  location  on  this  sec- 
tion of  his  residence;  his  father  formerly 
owned  the  entire  section.  He  had  the 
use  of  the  southeast  ((uarter  of  Sec.  25 
gratis,  and  was  deeded  the  same  one 
year  ago.  He  has  since  bought  the 
southwest  quarter,  so  that  he  now  owns 
320  acres  here,  and  five  acres  of  timber. 
His  parents  are  living  in  Spring  Bay 
Township. 

Bloodworth,  J.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Beck,  Jno.  F.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Boiler,  Henry,  farmer ;  P.  O.  Roanoke. 

Barnhart,  Abraham,  far.;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Brown,  J.  L.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Bachman.  Andrew,  for.;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

BELSLEY,  JOSEPH,  Jr.,  form- 
ing and  stock  ;  Sec.  24  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Was  born  in  Woodford  Co.,  111.,  in 
Spring  Bay  Tp.,  April  2,  1847.  He 
married  Miss  Hannah  Ege  Feb.  15, 
1872.  She  was  born  in  Woodford  Co., 
111.,  Spring  Bay  Tp.,  Jan.  21,  1852. 
They  have  one  child,  born  in  Spring 
Bay— Clay  B.  F.,  born  Jan.  28,  1873. 
His  farm  contains  106  acres.  He 
has  always  lived  in  Woodford  County  ; 


574 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


he  came  to  Eoanoke  Tp.  iu  Dec.,  1873. 
His    fatiier   came    from   France   to   the 
United  States  in  1831,  and  is  an  old  res- 
ident of  Woodford  Co.       He  Uves  at  ! 
present  in  Sprincr  Bav  Tp.  j 

BIRCKY,  JOSEPH,  retired;  Sec. 
2  :  P.  O.  Roanoke.  Lives  on  his  farm. 
Was  born  in  Bavaria.  May  17,  1816. 
He  married  Miss  Barbara  Eikstein  in 
1846.  She  was  born  in  Bavaria  in 
1827.  They  had  ten  children;  eight 
living — Yalintine,  Mary,  Lena,  Checa- 
beua,  Susan,  Fannie,  Peter  J.,  Powell 
X.  He  lived  in  Bavaria  until  18-i-t, 
then  came  to  United  States ;  settled  in 
New  Orleans ;  then  to  Tazewell  Co., 
111. ;  remained  one  year,  then  returned 
to  Germany,  where  he  married,  and 
returned  to  the  United  States  the  next 
year.  His  father  came  two  years  later; 
he  settled  in  Tazewell  Co..  and  remained  ' 
twenty  years ;  followed  fai-ming ;  then 
came  to  Woodford  Co..  and  settled  on 
his  present  place.  He  was  in  limited 
circumstances  when  he  came  here.  His 
farm  contains  20(1  acres. 

BARNEY,  HIRAM,  real  estate; 
P.  0.  Roanoke;  was  born  in  Chester, 
Windsor  County,  Vermont,  March  10, 
1809  ;  married  Miss  Clarissa  Marshall ; 
she  was  born  May  10,  1813.  in  same 
town,  county  and  State,  and  married 
Dec.  31,  1833;  had  ten  children,  two 
dead  and  eight  living.  He  has  not  heen 
an  oflBce  seeker,  his  onh'  positions  being 
in  the  school  and  church  ;  he  has  taken 
an  active  part  in  the  building  of  the 
town,  and  is  very  liberal  in  supporting 
its  institutions,  more  especially  what  he 
believes  to  be  the  cause  of  Christ;  he 
resides  on  his  farm  adioining  the  town. 

r^RICKEXBERGER.  FRANK,  ma- 

\^     sell ;  P.  0.  Roauuke. 

Cliildress,  T.  J.,  broom  maker;  P.  0.  Ro- 
anoke. 

Cender.  Chris,  farmer:  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Cordsen.  Jacob  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Camp,  M.  A..  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Carl,  George,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Clark.  J.  J.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Clark,  D.  M.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Cox,  J.  S.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Causey,  EHza  A.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Causey,  Calvin  E.,  flu-mer  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Converse,  N.  N.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Cullen,  Jno.  V..  P.  0.  Roanoke. 


Condcr.  Jos.,  farmer:  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

CHILDRESS,  ELLIS  P.,  flumer 

and  stock  rai.ser ;  Sec.  -4  ;  P.  O.  Roan- 
oke ;  was  born  in  Louisa  Co.,  Va.,  Feb. 
22,  1830  ;  he  married  Miss  Ehza  J. 
Bailev.  Nov.  13,  1853  ;  she  was  born 
in  Augai-sta  Co.,  Va.,  March  30,  1823; 
they  had  five  children,  three  living — 
Mary  E.,  Martha  E..  and  John  H.  He 
lived  in  Virginia  until  1857,  when  he 
came  to  Woodford  Co..  111.,  and  settled 
near  Metamora ;  in  1866,  he  came  to 
his  present  place ;  he  has  heen  School 
Director  a  number  of  years ;  he  came 
to  this  county  in  very  poor  circumstances; 
he  now  owns  80  acres,  which  he  has 
earned  hy  his  own  labor ;  his  father 
is  not  living ;  his  mother  lives  in  Vir- 
sinia. 

DELLEXB AUGH.  JACOB,  farmer ; 
P.  0.  Roanoke. 
DeBruler.  E.  M.,  mech. ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Dirks.  Wm..  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Dellenbaugh,  Jos.,  far. ;  1^0.  Roanoke. 
Davenjiort,  Mrs..  P.  0.  Eureka. 

ELBERT,  JOS.,  farmer;    P.  0.  Roan- 
oke. 
Entrel.  Jacob,  gen.  mdse.;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

F\\UBER.  MARGARET,  farmins  ; 
P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Fisher,  J.  H.,  blksmth.;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Fisher,  J.  L.,  mechanic ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Fisher,  J.  X.,  mechanic ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Frantz,  Jas.  W.,  merch.;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Fauber.  S.  H.,  farmer:  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Fauber,  E.  D.,  far.;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Frantz,  A.  P., house  mover:  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

FRANTZ,  HENRY  J.,  Senator 
from  the  20th  District ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Was  born  in  Roanoke  Co.,  Va.,  Feb.  7, 
1834.  He  resided  there  until  April, 
1855.  when  he  came  to  Roanoke,  Wood- 
ford Co.,  111.,  and  has  resided  here 
since.  He  married  ML«s  Moriah  J.  Gish. 
She  was  born  in  Virginia,  and  married 
Dec.  20,  1857.  They  had  nine  chil- 
preo.  eight  living.  On  airiving  here  he 
engaged  in  farming  and  stock,  locating 
on  Sec.  10.  He  was  elected  County 
Treasurer  in  1867  and  held  the  office 
three  terms ;  was  elected  to  the  State 
Legislature  from  the  20th  District  in 
1874,  and  in  1876  he  was  elected  to  the 
State  Senate  from  the  same  district.  He 
was  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Aizriculture  :  was  one  of  the  committee 


ROANOKE   TOWNSHIP. 


>75 


that  investigated  the  State  House  Com- 
missioners ;  also  one  of  the  Committee 
on    State    Charitable    Institutions      It 
'  was    throuti'li    his    exertions    that    the 
present  location  was  given  the  station, 
and  he  also  gave  it  the  name  of  Roanoke 
in  memory  of  his  native  county  in  Vir- 
ginia. 
FRANTZ,  JOHN,  general  merchan- 
dise ;   P.    O.    K(uinoke.     Was  born  in 
Virginia,   Oct.   5,    1824.     He   married 
Miss    Timoxena    McCauley    May    20, 
1847  ;  had  seven  children,  four  living. 
His  wife  died  July  26,  1857.     His  sec- 
ond wife  was  Miss  Elenora  Evey.  They 
were   married    June  13,   1858.     They 
had  eisht  children,  six  living.     In  the 
Fall    of   1852,   he   came   to   Woodford 
Co.,   111.,   and  settled   in   Roanoke   Tp. 
He    engaged    in    farming.       In   Aj)ril, 
1873,  he  opened  his  present  business. 
He  has  been  Justice  of  the  Peace  for 
twelve  years  ;  also  School  Director.    He 
came    to    this   county   in    poor  circum- 
stances ;  was  in   the  grain  business  for 
two  years  at  Secor,  this  county. 
Fister,  J.,  Sr.,  drayman;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Fister,  F.,  Jr.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Fister,  John,  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Fisher,  A.,  blacksmith ;  P.  0,  Roanoke. 
Fisher,  P.  A.,  painter;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Farney,  Peter,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Frederick,  Fred,  far. ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Farney,  V.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 
FAUBER,  D.  T.,  farmer;  Sec.   14; 
P.  0.  Roanoke.     Was  born  in  Augusta 
Co.,  Va.,  Nov.  15,  1822.      He  man-ied 
Miss    Nancy    Kindig.     She    Avas    born 
in  Augusta  Co.,  Va.,  and  married  Dec. 
24,  1846  ;  had  ten  children,  nine  living. 
He  lived  in  Virginia  until  1855,  when 
he  came  to  Woodford  Co.,  111.,  and  settled 
on   his   present    place;  has    160    acres 
here,  and  120  elsewhere  in  county;  has 
been  Supervisor  some  fifteen  terms,  and 
Township  Treasurer  some  fifteen  years; 
also  School  Treasurer  and  Director.  His 
father,  Samuel  C.  Fauber,  married  Miss 


Jane    Trout,   both   of  \ 


r,-, 


They 


had  eleven  children.  He  lived  to  be  77 
years  of  age.  Mrs.  Fauber  is  now  80 
years  old,  and  is  living  in  Virginia. 

Fish,  W.  B.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Roanoke. 

r^  RAMM,  A.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Grarber,  M..  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 


GiiUett.  Wm..  farmer;   P.  0.  Roanoke. 
GISH,  GEO.  W.,  farming;    Sec.  23; 
P.  0.  Roanoke.     Was  born  in  Roanoke 
Co.,  Va.,  Oct.  23,  1825.        He  married 
Miss  Sarah  Jane  Ruddell,  Sept.  7, 1848. 
She    was   born   in    Roanoke   Co.,   Va., 
Aug.  G,  1829.     They  had  thirteen  chil- 
dren, twelve  living — Thomas  W'.,  Lydia 
A.,  William  B.,  Martha  E.,  Emma  G., 
Addie  J.,  James  L.,  Mary  M.,  Charles 
H.,  Edgar  Gr.,  Oscar  J.,  Lewis  C.     He 
lived  in  Virginia  until  1848,  when  he 
moved  to  Elkhart  Co.,  Ind.     Then,  in 
the  Fall  of  1850,  he  came  to  Woodford 
Co.,    111.,    and  settled  near  his  present 
place ;  came  to  his  present  place  in  1853. 
He  has  not  been  an  office  seeker,  his 
only  office  being  School  Director,  which 
place  he  has  filled  for  twenty-five  years. 
He  came  to  the  county  in  very  poor 
circumstances.     His  place  now  contains 
120  acres,  which  he  has  earned  mainly 
by  his  own  exertions.     He  has  for  the 
past  twenty-four  years  acted  as  minister 
in  the  Panther  Creek  Church. 
Gish,  Christian,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Gish,  T.  W.,  laborer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Gullett,  Ed.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Gozinger,  Chris.,  mer. ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Gohering,  Dan,  far.  ;   P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Greuter,  Benedict,  far. ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Gish,  J.  A.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
GISH,  WILLIAM  A.,  farming  and 
stock;   Sec.   11;    P.  O.  Roanoke;   was 
born  in  Roanoke  Co.,  Va.,  Nov.  8, 1824. 
He  married  Miss  Sarah  E.  Statler  Sept. 
23,  1852.     She  was  born  in  Roanoke 
Co.,   Va.     They    had   fifteen    children, 
thirteen  living — Medora  H.,   Lucy  A. 
M.,   George  H.,  David  L.,  James  W., 
Mary  I].,  Sarah  B.,  Emma  S.,  -Josephus 
J.,    Lillie   R.   L.,    Ida  N.,   Charles  A., 
Francis    F.,    Bertie    L.    and    John    E. 
George   H.  and  David  are  not  living. 
He  lived  in  Virginia  until  1851,  when 
he    came    to    AV'oodford    Co.,    111.      In 
1853,  he  settled  on  his  present  place, 
and   has    lived    here   since ;    has  been 
Commissioner  of  Highways  and  Asses- 
sor four  or  five  terms,  and  School  Direc- 
tor some  twenty  years.     He  has   320 
acres  here  and  some  timber.      He  came 
here    in    very    limited    circumstances. 
His  nearest  market  was  at  Peoria. 
GISH,   JAMES    R.,    farmer;    Sees. 
24  and  13;   P.  O.  Roanoke;  was  born 


576 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY: 


in  Roanoke  Co.,  Va.,  Jan.  24,  1826. 
He  maiTied  Miss  Barbara  Kindig  Jan., 
1849.  She  was  born  in  Augusta  Co., 
Va.  They  have  no  children.  He  lived 
in  Virginia  until  1849,  then  came  to 
Woodford  Co.,  111.,  and  settled  where 
the  village  of  Roanoke  now  stands. 
He  engaged  in  farming,  then  moved  to 
Sec.  14;  then  to  his  present  place. 
When  he  came  to  tlie  county  there 
were  only  Four  families  in  Roanoke  Tp. 
He  helped  to  build  the  first  school 
house  in  this  township.  It  was  located 
north  of  the  present  No.  6  School,  and 
also  u.sed  as  a  church.  He  has  not 
been  an  oflBce  seeker,  his  only  office 
being  that  of  School  Director.  He 
selected  the  present  location  and  helped 
to  build  the  Panther  Creek  Church, 
located  near  his  residence.  His  farm 
contains  140  acres,  which  he  rents 
out. 

HARSEIM,  GODFRIED,  furniture 
dealer ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Hollenbaoh  &  Ricky,  grain  dealers ;  P.  0. 
Roanoke. 

Hatcher  &  Jeter,  hardware ;  P.  0.  Roan- 
oke. 

Hatcher,  J.  B.,  hardware  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Harnley,  Geo.  G.,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Hunzincer,  Jno.,  farmer  ;    P.  0.  Secor. 

Huusholder,  Debolt.  far.  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Herpst,  Ernest,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Hodel,  Jacob,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Hunzinger,  Jacob,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Humes,    N.    J.,    stock    breeder ;     P.     0. 
Roanoke. 

Hollenbach.  Samuel,  grain  dealer;     P.  0. 
Roanoke. 

Hunzinger,  Elizabeth.  P.  0.  Secor. 

Hunzinger,  Frank,  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Hunzinger,  Henry,  farmer;   P.  O.  Secor. 

Harseim,  Rudolph,  farmer ;  P.  O.  Secor. 
SCH,    NICHOLAS,    farmer;     P.    0. 


I 


Roanoke. 

JITTER,  JNO.  C,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roan- 
oke. 

Jeter,  W.  H.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Jansscn,  Albert,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Johnson,  J.  II.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Roanoke. 

John,  Jas.  M.,  physician  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

JACOBS,  A.  G.,  retired  farmer  ;  Sec. 
12:  ]\  0.  Roanoke.  Was  born  in 
Aurich,  Hanover,  Ost  Friesland,  Jan.  4, 
1810;  he  married  Miss  Mary  Redelfs, 
June  8,  1833;  she   was  born    Dee.  10, 


1807,  in  Amt  Esens,  Hanover,  Ost 
Friesland  ;  they  had  seven  children,  six 
living  —  Lammert,  Mary  A.,  Herman, 
Anton,  Margarette,  Catherina.  He 
lived  in  Germany  forty-five  years,  and 
in  1855  he  came  to  the  United  States  ; 
settled  on  present  place  ;  he  bought  his 
land  from  111.  Cent.  R.  R.  Co. ;  he  was 
in  fair  circumstances  when  he  came  to 
this  county,  having  paid  for  his  farm 
in  cash ;  he  marketed  his  produce  in 
Peoria  ;  he  followed  farming  until  the 
past  four  years,  when  he  retired  from 
the  active  duties.  His  children  are  all 
married  and  engaged  in  farming  ;  he  is 
much  pleased  with  the  country,  and 
ha.<  a  larue  circle  of  friends. 

JETER,  GIDEON,  farming  and 
stock ;  Sec.  3 ;  P.  0.  Roanoke ;  was 
born  in  Bedford  Co.,  Va.,  Dec.  3,  1814, 
moved  to  Roanoke  Co.,  Va.,  Sept.  1836  ; 
he  married  Miss  Sarah  J.  Baldwin, 
Sept.  19,  1839;  she  was  born  in  Vir- 
ginia, and  died  in  Roanoke  Co.,  Va. ; 
they  had  two  children,  one  li^^ng — 
James  M.  His  second  wife  was  Miss 
Lucy  A.  Leonard  ;  she  was  born  in 
Virginia  Jan.  29,  1822,  and  married 
Jan.  30,  1 845  ;  they  had  six  children, 
four  living — William  H.,  L.  J.,  Vir- 
ginia 0.,  John  C.  He  lived  in  Virginia 
until  1853,  when  he  came  to  Woodford 
Co.,  111.,  and  settled  near  where  he  now 
resides.  He  built  his  present  house  in 
1855  ;  he  has  been  School  Treasurer 
and  Director,  Supervisor  nine  years ; 
Road  Commissioner,  Coroner  of  county. 
Assessor  six  years  ;  is  at  present  Super- 
visor ;  his  farm  here  contains  120  acres; 
all  his  children  are  married,  and  living 
in  this  neighborhood. 

JETER,  L.  J.,  of  the  firm  of  Hatcher 
A:  Jeter,  hardware  and  agricultural  im- 
plements ;  P.  0.  Roanoke ;  was  born  in 
Roaudke  Co.,  Va.,  March  22,  1851  ;  he 
married  Miss  Emma  R.  Woods ;  she 
was  born  in  Woodford  Co.,  111.,  May 
14,  1854,  and  married  Dec.  31,  1873. 
They  have  two  children — C.  Emmet 
and  Lorine.  He  lived  in  Virginia  two 
years,  then,  in  1853,  he  came  to  Wood- 
ford Co.,  111.,  with  his  parents;  they 
engaged  in  finning;  in  1876,  he  en- 
gaged in  his  present  business  ;  his  par- 
ents are  living  on  the  farm  in  Roanoke 
Township. 


ROANOKE   TOWNSHIP. 


577 


KEISER,  WxM.  H.,  farmer;  P.  0. 
Secor. 

KENNELL,  PETER,  farming; 
Sec.  5  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke  ;  was  born  in 
Worth  Township,  Woodford  Co.,  111., 
July  4,  1834  ;  he  married  Miss  Ann 
Schertz,  in  1857  ;  she  was  born  in  Ger- 
many ;  they  have  had  six  children,  five 
living — Mary,  John  W.,  Peter  W.,  Jo- 
seph, Katie.  He  lived  in  Worth  Town- 
ship, then  moved  to  Partridge,  remain- 
ing until  1860,  then  to  his  present 
place ;  his  father,  John  Kennell,  was 
born  in  France,  1803 ;  came  to  United 
States  in  1832;  settled  in  Woodford 
Co.  in  1833  ;  his  wife  was  born  in 
France,  and  died  in  May,  1871  ;  he 
lives  here  with  his  only  son ;  they  to- 
gether own  1,200  acres  here  in  this 
county,  and  160  in  Livingston;  the 
property  has  been  earned  by  their  own 
labor.  Mr.  P.  Kennell  has  a  half  sister 
living  near  Fairbury,  Livingston  Co. 
Her  name  was  Annie  Kennell. 

Kindig,  Amos,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Kohler,  Julius,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Kindig.  D.  F.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Keiser.  W.  T.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Keiser,  John  S.,  farmer ;    P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Keiser,  Sam'l,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Kempf.  And'w,  farmer;    P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Kohl,  Peter,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Keiser,  A.  J.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Kindig,  Jno.  D.,  merch.;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Kindig,  Benj.  6.,  St.,  far.;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Kindig,  Anna,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Kindig,  Sam'l  H.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Kendall,  J.  H.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Roanoke. 

LEONARD,  JACOB,  farmer:  P.  0. 
Roanoke. 

Lower,  Jos.  W.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Leonard,  Jno.  H.,  mer.:  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

LEONARD,  JACOB,  forming  and 
stock  ;  Sec.  9  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke  ;  was 
horn  in  Augusta  Co.,  Va.,  Sept.  17, 
1814;  he  married  Miss  Catherine  Smols- 
hoffer  ;  she  was  born  in  Germany,  and 
died  in  Illinois,  in  1861  ;  they  had  eight 
children,  two  li\'ing — Allen  and  Naomi 
G.;  his  second  wife  was  Miss  Mary  J. 
Bonine ;  she  was  born  in  Wayne  Co., 
Ind.,  and  married  in  1862;  they  have 
no  children.  He  lived  in  Virginia  un- 
til he  was  18,  then  moved  to  Ohio, 
learned  the  wagon  making  trade,  and 
returned  to  Virginia;    he  then  came  to 


Illinois,  in  1836,  walking  all  the  way 
from  Virginia  ;  he  settled  in  Sangamon 
County,  and  lived  there  twenty  years, 
then  moved  to  Menard  County,  remained 
eight  years,  tlien  came  to  Woodford 
County  in  1865,  and  settled  on  present 
place ;  lie  had  no  capital  on  arriving 
here;  he  was  assessed  15  dollars,  and 
paid  a  tax  of  7  cents,  for  which  he 
holds  a  receipt. 

Lutjans,  Harm,  farmer  ;    P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Liebig,  Karl,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Ligeisse,  Nicholas,  farm  hand  ;  P.  0.  Eu- 
reka. 

Lyons,  Chas.  F.,  mason ;    P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Lautz,  Benj.  F.,  teacher;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Lemon,  Henry,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Leonard,  Geo.  W.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

■^/TAAG,   JNO.,   farmer;  P.O.   Roa- 

Marti,  Fred,  harness  maker :  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

MILLER,  JOHN  L.,  farmer ;  Sec. 
16;  P.  0.  Roanoke;  was  born  in  Taze- 
well County,  near  Peoria,  May  10,  1852 ; 
he  married  Miss  Maggie  Haas,  Sept.  10, 
1872;  she  was  born  in  Woodford  Co., 
Ill,  in  Worth  Township,  March  28, 
1855 ;  they  have  tw^o  children — Su- 
sanna A.,  born  July  18,  1873,  and 
Frank  J.,  born  Aug.  9,  1876.  He 
came  to  Woodford  County  with  his 
parents,  and  settled  near  Metamora,  then 
came  to  the  present  place,  and  they 
have  lived  here  since.  Mr.  John  L. 
owns  80  acres  here,  adjoining  his  father's 
place ;  his  father  came  to  Woodford 
County  in  1856  ;  his  wife's  parents  were 
early  settlers  of  Worth  Township  ;  they 
have  both  sii  ce  died. 

Moore,  P.  A.,  lumber  dlr.:  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Mourer.  Jos.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

MEGINNES,  WILLIAM,  farm 

ing  and  stock;  Sec.  1  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke; 
was  born  in  Franklin  Co.,  Pa.,  April 
22,  1827 ;  he  married  Miss  Nancy 
Evey ;  she  was  born  in  Franklin  Co., 
Pa.,  Dec.  25,  1832,  and  married  Feb. 
17,  1854;  they  had  nine  children,  four 
living  —  Allie,  Charles,  Henry  and 
Nancy.  He  lived  in  Franklin  County 
twenty-four  years,  then  went  to  Ohio, 
remaining  two  years,  then  in  the  Fall 
of  1853  he  came  to  Woodford  County 
and  settled  where  he  now  resides,  and 
has  remained  here  ever  since ;  is  no 
office  seeker,  his  only  ofl&ce  being  School 


578 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY; 


Director ;  when  he  came  to  the  county, 
his  nearest  jm.st  office  was  Mctamora ; 
he  marketed  his  produce  at  Peoria  ;  he 
commenced  with  a  capital  of  8250, 
gold  ;  he  liad  nothing  except  what  he 
himself  earned ;  he  has  260  acres  here, 
and  560  acres  in  Greene  Township. 

Moore,  C.  L.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Moore.  Jos.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Moore,  W.  P.,  teacher;  P.  O.Roanoke. 

Martin,  Xaver,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Meginnes.  Henry,  former;  P.O.  Roanoke. 

Marshall,  S.  R.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Miller,  F.  J.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

McCauley,  Jno.,  farmer;  P.O.Roanoke. 

Martin,  Leopold,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Morritz.  Frank,  farmer  ;  P.  O.  Roanoke. 

Miller,  Andrew,  farmer  :  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

MARSHALL,  E.  R.,  farming  and 
stock  ;  Sec.  7  ;  P.  0.  Eureka  ;  was  born 
in  Sudbury,  Rutland  Co.,  Vt.,  Nov. 
15,  1826  ;  he  married  ]VIiss  Martha  S. 
Fisher,  Feb.  17,  1853  ;  she  was  born  in 
Mendon,  Rutland  Co.,  Vt.,  June  10, 
1832  ;  thev  have  four  children — Amos 
F.,  born  Oct.  24,  1854;  Ira  E.,  born 
Feb.  28,  1856  ;  RollaE.,born  Jan.  30, 
1863  ;  Orpha  A.,  born  Sept.  18,  1867. 
He  lived  in  Vermont  until  1847,  when 
he  came  to  Peoria  Co.,  111. ;  came  to 
Woodford  Co.  in  1849,  and  settled  on 
his  present  place  in  1850.  Mrs.  Mar- 
shall came  West  in  1842,  and  settled  in 
Woodford  Co.  with  her  parents ;  her 
father  died  in  1850  :  her  mother  is  liv- 
ing in  Metamora  Township ;  Mr.  Mar- 
shall's parents  are  living  in  Roanoke 
Township ;  he  was  in  limited  circum- 
stances on  arriving  in  the  county;  he 
now  owns  446  acres  in  the  county  ; 
his  two  eldest  sons  are  attending  the 
ShurtleflP  College,  at  Upper  Alton,lll. 
Marshall,  Nelson,  farmer  ;  P.  O.  Roanoke. 

Moore,  Isaac,  Sr.,  clothier  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Moore,  Isaac  Jr.,  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
McVay,  James,  well  borer  ;  P.O.  Roanoke. 
MoVay,  Hudson,  livery  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Mon-itz.  Jno.,  farmer;  P.O.Roanoke. 
MOCK,  M.  L.,  real  estate  and  insur- 
ance ;    P.    0.    Roanoke ;   was   born    in 
Fayette    Co.,    0.,  Jan.    9,   1844.     He 
married    Miss    Clemmie    Smith.       She 
was  born  in  Ohio  in  1846,  and  married 
Sept..  1869  ;  have  two  children — Carrie 
and   Herby.     He    lived   in   Oho  until 
1870,  then  moved  to  Pontiae,  111.,  and 


came  to  Woodford  Co.  Feb.,  1874,  and 
engaged  in  his  present  business.  He  is 
Justice  of  the  Peace,  Notary  Public, 
Township  Clerk;  also  attorney  for  United 
States  Mercantile  Agency  ;  was  also  one 
of  the  first  Town  Trustees  of  Roanoke. 
He  enlisted  in  the  90tli  Ohio  Infantry ; 
was  Fifth  Sergeant  Co.  C ;  was  in  battles 
of  Murfreesboro,  Chattanooga,  Atlanta, 
Jonesboro,  and  all  the  battles  of  the 
campaiirn  ;  was  in  service  34  months. 

McCORD,  THOS.  ALFRED, 

retired  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke;  was 
born  in  Overton  Co.,  Tenn.,  May  30, 
1809.  He  married  Miss  Sarah  Ann. 
Arnold.  She  was  born  in  Franklin  Co., 
Ky.,  June  13,  1818,  and  married  Dec. 
2,  1840  ;  had  four  children,  two  living: 
both  married.  He  lived  in  Tennessee 
until  he  was  18,  then  moved  with  his 
parents  to  McLean  Co.,  111.;  remained 
there  four  years;  then,  in  1831,  came 
to  Panther  Grove ;  now  in  Woodford 
Co.  with  his  parents.  They  engaged  in 
farming.  His  father  was  born  in  North 
Carolina,  and  died  in  1852.  His 
mother  was  born  in  South  Carolina,  and 
died  in  1871.  Her  maiden  name  was 
McMurtrey.  In  1877,  he  moved  to 
Roanoke.  In  1832,  he  volunteered  to 
fight  Black  Hawk.  He  procured  his 
marriage  license  at  Bloomington,  there 
being  no  Vv'oodford  Co.  then  ;  has  been 
Township  Assessor,  Road  Commissioner 
and  School  Director.  Came  to  the 
county  in  poor  circumstances. 

OTTE,    NICHOLAS,   farmer;  P.   0. 
Benson. 
PARMEXTER,  J.  H.,  farmer;   P.  0. 
Cazenovia. 

Peterson,  S.  L.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Pfeifi"er,  Geo.,  far. ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Pfeift'er,  Paul,  mech. ;  P.  0.  Roauoke. 

Perry,  H.  N.,  Constable;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

PETERSON,  SAMUEL,  farming 
and  stock;  Sec.  1  ;  P.  O.  Benson;  was 
born  in  Salem  Co.,  N.  J.,  Jan.  24, 
1817;  he  married  Miss  Jane  Paden ; 
she  was  born  in  Salem  Co.,  N.  J.,  Jan. 
30,  1822,  and  married  Jan.  20,  1842  ; 
they  have  eight  children — Mary  P., 
Simon  P.,  Phillip  Y.,  David  C,  Sam'l 
Lewis  and  Sarah  J.  They  were  born  in 
N.  J.  Annie  M.  and  Mariah  F.  were 
born  in  Illinois  ;  five  of  his  children  are 
married  ;  Sani'l  L.,  Annie  and   Mariah 


ROANOKE  TOWNSHIP. 


579 


are  siii<ile,  and  living  at  home.  He  lived 
in  N.  J.  until  1856,  when  he  moved  to 
Indiana,  remaining  six  months  ;  then  to 
Peoria  Co.,  111.,  remaining  eighteen 
months ;  then  came  to  present  place, 
and  has  lived  here  since ;  has  been 
Road  Commissioner  and  School  Direct- 
or ;  came  here  in  fair  circumstances  ; 
he  ovrns  405  acres  in  this  county,  and 
160  in  Vermilion  Co.,  Ill,  four  miles 
east  of  Hoopeston. 

RAPP,  ANDREW,  Jr.,  meat  market ; 
P.    0.  Roanoke. 

RICKY,  W.  B.,  of  the  firm  of  Hol- 
lenback  &  Ricky,  grain  buyers ;  P.  0. 
Roanoke ;  was  born  in  Somerset  Co., 
N.  J.,  July  11,  1841  ;  his  parents  came 
to  Marshall  Co.  in  1848;  he  married 
Miss  Rebecca  J.  Hollenback  June  29, 
1869  ;  she  was  born  in  Woodford  Co,, 
111.  They  have  two  children — Maggie 
Luella,  born  Dec.  18,  1871  ;  Blanche 
Rebecca,  born  Aug.  21,  1877.  He 
came  to  Woodford  Co.  in  1869,  en- 
gaged in  teaching,  remaining  three 
years  ;  then  went  to  Marshall  Co.,  en- 
gaging in  teaching  ;  then  in  March, 
1874,  he  came  to  Roanoke,  and  has 
lived  here  since;  he  at  first  engaged  in 
the  implement  business;  in  Nov.,  1876, 
he  engaged  in  present  business ;  has 
been  Town  Clerk  two  years ;  is  one  of 
the  Trustees  of  the  M.  E.  Church,  and 
Superintendent  of  the  Sabbath  School, 
also  School  Trustee. 

Rapp,  Andrew,  Sr.,  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Rothwell,  E.  F.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Revers,  Class,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Reifi",  A.  S.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Redenius,  Jno.  H.,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Robinson,  P].  T.  merchant ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Rockey,  Christian,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

Robinson,  Mary,  farming  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Reifi",  Sam'l  W.,  farmer;  P.  O.  Roanoke. 

Rediger,  Jacob,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Ritchie,  Robert,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Rowe,  Wm.  S.,  laborer ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Ratlifi",  R.  W.,  drayman  ;  P.  O.  Roanoke. 

ROHMANN,   CONRAD,   P.   0 

Roanoke  ;  was  born  in  Bavaria  Dec.  29, 
1829 ;  he  lived  there  sixteen  years, 
when  he  came  to  Woodford  Co.,  111., 
with  his  father,  and  settled  in  Worth 
Township  ;  while  here,  he  learned  and 
worked  at  coopering  for  six  years  ;  he 
then    married  Miss  Eva   Buckmau,  in 


Dec,  1850  ;  she  was  born  in  Germany  ; 
they  had  ten  children,  seven  living,  viz. : 
— Barbara,  Mary,  Frank,  Sofia,  John, 
Joseph  and  Frederick.  While  in  Worth, 
he  also  engaged  in  farming,  which  he 
continued  until  1862,  when  he  went  to 
Metamora  and  engaged  in  the  grocery 
and  hardware  business,  and  continued 
the  same  for  twelve  years.  He  has  held 
the  ofiiccs  of  Constable,  School  Director, 
and  Highwav  Commissioner. 

ROBINSON,  JOHN  S.,  deceased; 
was  born  in  Shenandoah  Co.,  Va.,  March 
24,  1804,  and  married  Miss  E.  R.  J. 
Stover,  of  Roanoke  Co.,  Va.,  Dec.  16, 
1830.  She  died  May  1,  1884;  they 
had  two  children — Sarah  C.  and  Clarin- 
da;  his  second  wife  was  Miss  Mary 
Kindig,  of  Va. ;  married  Sept.,  22,, 
1842  ;  she  was  born  April  24,  1822  ; 
they  had  ten  children,  eight  living — • 
Emanuel  T.,  Elizabeth  A.,  M.  EUen, 
Martha  Lee,  Clara  S  ,  Emma  D.,  John 
H.  and  James  R.  He  came  to  Wood- 
ford Co.,  111.,  in  1849,  and  settled  on 
the  present  place.  All  of  the  children 
are  married  but  three,  and  all  are  living 
in  this  county.  Mrs.  Robinson  is  living 
on  the  old  homestead.  Her  P.  0.  is 
Roanoke. 

Renn,  W.  A.,  real  estate ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Risser,  Anna,  P.  0.  Secor. 

Rockey,  Jacob,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Redeger.  Peter,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Roaschley,  Jno.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Rockey,  Jno.  ;    P.  0.    Eureka. 

Rockey,  Andrew,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Rio:2;enbau2;h,  Dan'l,  far. ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

RE  IFF,  JOSEPH,  firming  and 
stock ;  Sec.  15  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke ;  was 
born  in  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept.  14,. 
1828  ;  he  married  Miss  Mary  J.  Wilson 
Sept.  26,  1850  ;  she  was  born  in  Ohio 
Oct.  28,  1832  ;  she  died  Dec.  27,  1860  ; 
they  had  four  children,  two  living — 
Samuel  W.  and  Andrew  S.  His  second 
wife  was  Miss  Mary  Bally ;  she  wan 
born  in  Richland  Co.,  Ohio,  Oct.  5, 
1837,  and  married  July  11,  1861  ;  they 
have  three  children — John  B.,  Mary  J^ 
and  Lizzie  C.  He  lived  in  Lancaster 
Co.  twenty-one  years,  then  moved  to 
Bloomington,  111.,  remaining  four 
months;  then  came  to  Woodford  Co., 
111.,  and  worked  on  farm  ;  he  then  im- 
proved a  farm  near  Benson,  and  in  1859 


580 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY: 


he  came  to  liis  present  place  ;    lie  is  no  I 
office  seeker,  his  only  office  being  School  ' 
Director.     On  arriving  in   the  county, 
he  had   less  than  §18;    his  farm   now  j 
contains  320  acres.  I 

STIFFEX,  NATHAN,  farmer ;  P.  0. 
Roanoke.  ! 

Simpson,  Wm.  M.,  miller;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Sanborn,  Mary,  farming ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Snyder,  C.  K.,  grain  dlr. ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Shore,  Jos.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Stewart,  A.  P.,  physician  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Seng,  Sebastian,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Schertz.  John,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Schrock,  C.  C,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Sonday,  Ed.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Snyder.  David,  farmer ;  P.  0.   Cazenovia. 

Schertz,  P.  M.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Schertz.  J.  E..  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Shierer.  J.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Schneider.  F.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Simpkins.  T.  J.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Secklcr,  J.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Switzer.  J.  (t..  farmer:  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

SPILLMAN,  FRED.  G.,  farming 
and  .stock  ;  Sec.  3  :  P.  0.  Roanoke  ;  was 
born  in  Switzerland  Oct.  5,  1834.  He 
married  Miss  Maiy  Jenkins  Oct.  5, 
1866.  She  was  born  in  Ohio  May  13, 
1840.  They  have  one  child — Emily, 
born  Aug.  -1.  1867.  He  lived  in  Swit- 
zerland until  1852.  then  came  to  the 
United  St-ates  and  settled  in  Woodford 
Co.,  in  Spring  Bay.  Lived  there  until 
1863,  when  he  bought  and  moved  to  his 
present  place.  He  came  to  this  country 
in  very  poor  circumstances.  He  now 
owns  111  acres  here — SO  acres  in  Linn 
Tp.,  and  So  acres  in  Livingston  Co., 
111.,  all  of  which  he  has  earned  by  his 
own  labor.  His  wife  s  father  lives  here 
with  him. 

STODDARD,  A.  D.,  carpenter ;  P. 
0.  Roanoke ;  was  born  in  West  Dmm- 
merston,  Vt..  Feb.  9,  1832.  He  mar- 
ried Miss  Lucina  E.  Fuller  Oct.  5, 
1865.  She  was  born  April  26,  1832. 
and  died  May  22,  1873.  His  second 
wife.  Miss  A.  C.  Hall,  was  married  May 
13,  1874.  She  was  born  in  Mooers.  N. 
Y.,  July  5,  1840.  They  have  two 
children — W.  Smith,  born  June  24, 
1875  ;  Alma  L.,  born  June  10,  1877. 
He  lived  in  Vermont  until  1859,  then 
came  to  Woodford  Co..  111.  He  en- 
listed in  the  77th  Regt.  111.  Vols.  ;  was 


captured  at  Sabine  Cross  Roads  and 
held  prisoner  at  Camp  Ford,  Tex.,  until 
the  clo.se  of  the  war ;  wa>s  then  mus- 
tered out  at  Springfield,  111.,  and  re- 
turned to  Woodford  Co. ;  remained  two 
years,  then  went  to  Peoria  Co. ;  re- 
mained five  years,  then  came  back  to 
Woodford  Co.,  and  has  been  here  since. 

Schertz,  Catherine,  far. ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Sheppe,  Henry,  fanner  ;   P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Steffen,  Jno..  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Shumaker,  Henry,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Stortz,  Mathias,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Snyder.  Jno.  R.;  farmer ;    P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Schafer,  Jno..  farmer ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Shellenberger,  S.  W..  teacher;  P.  0.  Ro- 
anoke. 

Schlabach,  Christian,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Sentner,  Christian,  far.;    P.  0.  Roanoke. 

StoUer,  Sam'l,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Seggerman,  Harm,  faim  hand ;  P.  0.  Eu- 
reka. 

Schrock,  Christ,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Schertz,  Jos.,  flirmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Schertz,  Christian,  farmer ;    P.  0.  Eureka. 

Schertz,  Jos.  D.,  farmer;  P,  0.  Eureka. 

Schertz,  Christian  S.,  far.;    P.  0.  Eureka. 

Schrock,  Jos.,  farmer ;  P.  O.  Eureka. 

Stewart,  Solomon,  tinner ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Stewart,  L.  P.,  dentist ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Schwender,  L.  D.,  saloon  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Seng,  Conrad,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Seiger,  Adam,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Seiser.  Henry,  farmer :  P.  0.  Secor. 

SNIDER,  ISAAC,  milling;  p.  O. 

Roanoke ;  was  born  in  Germany,  in  Sep- 
tember, 1823;  he  came  to  America 
while  yet  quite  young,  with  his  parents, 
and  settled  in  Penn.sylvania ;  in  1835, 
they  came  to  this  county,  and  engaged 
in  farming ;  his  parents  died  in  this 
county ;  he  learned  his  trade  of  miller 
at  Hoshor's  mills,  in  this  county ;  he 
mamed  Miss  Hannah  Laton ;  she  was 
born  in  Ohio ;  they  had  five  children, 
four  living  ;  he  has  traveled  to  Califor- 
nia, Oregon,  Salt  Lake,  etc.;  he  built 
his  present  mill  in  May,  1877  ;  has  been 
School  Director  and  Tnistee,  Highway 
Commissioner  and  Supervisor ;  he  was 
in  the  Mexican  War,  Co.  G,  4th  111. 
Regt.,  Cnl.  Baker,  under  Gen.  Tavlor. 

TRAINER,  Z.  R.,  merchant;  P.  6.  Ro- 
anoke. 
Tawzer,    Geo.   A.,  farmer ;    P.  0.   Roan- 
oke. 


ROANOKE  TOWNSHIP. 


581 


TAWZER,  J.  B.,  farming  and  stock ; 
Sec.  24  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke  ;  was  born  in 
Adams  Co.,  Pa.,  Jan.  11,  1825;  he 
married  Miss  Barbara  Thomas,  in  1847  ;   i 

she  was  born  in  Adams  Co.,  Pa.,  , 

1824 ;  they  had  eight  children,  six  , 
hving — George  A.,  Martha  J.,  WilUam 
F.,  Charles  C.,  Annie  B.  and  James  J. 
He  lived  in  Adams  County  twenty-two  ; 
years,  then  moved  to  Cumberland  Co., 
Pa.,  then  to  Peoria  Co.,  111.,  remained 
one  year,  then  removed  to  Woodford 
Co.,  Ill,  and  settled  in  this  neighbor- 
hood; came  to  present  place  in  18T3; 
he  has  been  Highway  Conmiissioner 
and  School  Director ;  his  farm  here 
contains  135  acres,  and  he  also  owns  12 
acres  in  Greene  Township  ;  he  came  to 
this  county  in  fair  circumstances. 

ITTPTON,  J.  C,  painter;   P.  0.  Ro- 

LJ       anoke. 

UDEN,  JOHN  H.,  farmer;  Sec.  12  ; 
P.  0.  Roanoke  ;  was  born  in  Kingdom 
Hanover,  Germany,  May  17,  1830;  he 
married  Miss  Kate  Westerman,  March 
15.  1856  ;  she  was  born  in  Kingdom 
Hanover,  March  8, 1 830  ;  they  had  five 
children;  she  died  Sept.  10,  1866  ;  his 
second  wife  was  Mrs.  Freese,  formerly 
Miss  Niaha  J.  Baker  ;  they  were  mar- 
ried Feb.  5,  1867  ;  she  was  born  Dec. 
1,  1828;  they  had  two  children,  one 
living ;  Mrs.  Uden  had  six  children  by 
her  first  husband,  one  living.  He  came 
to  the  United  States  in  1853,  landed  at 
New  Orleans,  came  to  St.  Louis,  then  to 
Peoria,  then,  in  ]  855,  he  came  to  Wood- 
ford Co.,  111.,  and  settled  near  Eureka, 
remained  seven  years,  then  settled  on 
his  present  place,  and  has  lived  here 
since ;  he  had  no  means  on  arriving  in 
the  United  States ;  he  now  owns  125 
acres  of  land,  which  he  has  earned  by 
his  own  labor  ;  he  has  been  School  Di- 
rector a  number  of  years. 

WELLS,    JOS.    E.,    farmer;    P.  0. 
Roanoke. 

Woods,  Jos.  M.,  mechanic;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Woltzen,  A.  J.,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Will,  Jos.  M.,  tailor ;   P.  O.  Roanoke. 

Whittaker,  Jno.  D.,  far.;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Wine,  Jacob,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Weyoneth,  Elizabeth,  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Weyoneth,  Benedict,  preacher  ;  P.  0.  Ro- 
anoke. 

Wetzler,  H.  M.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Roanoke. 


Walter,  Geo.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Wagner,  Jos.,  farmer;  P.  O.  Secor. 

Wertz,  Francis,  farmer;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

Wetzler,  Yost,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Westerman,  Jacob,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Walser,  Theo.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Wagner,  Lourana,  millinery ;  P.  0.  Ro- 
anoke. 

WILSON,  JOSEPH,  farmer;  Sees. 
12  and  13  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke  ;  was  born 
in  Morgan  Co.,  111.,  Dec.  27,  1841  ;  he 
married  Miss  Matilda  Armstrong,  Dec. 
5,  1865;  she  was  born  in  Woodford 
Co.,  111.,  Jan.  27,  1847  :  they  have  four 
children — Festus  R.,  born  Dec.  25, 
1865;  Celisa  S.,  born  Oct.  6,  1867; 
Orvel  E.,  Dec.  25,  1869;  Emma  E., 
born  Feb.  13,  1872.  He  lived  in  Mor- 
gan County  until  1845,  when  he  came 
to  Woodford  County  with  his  parents, 
and  settled  in  Roanoke  Township  ;  he 
lived  with  his  parents  until  1861,  when 
he  began  farming  on  his  own  account, 
on  his  present  place ;  he  has  been 
School  Director  for  a  number  of  years ; 
he  was  deeded  80  acres,  team,  etc.,  by 
his  father,  as  his  start ;  he  has  since 
added  80  acres,  which  he  has  earned  by 
his  own  labor. 

WILSON,  ISAAC,  farmer;  P.  0. 
Roanoke  ;  Sec.  14  ;  was  born  in  Morgan 

Married  Miss 
1878  ; 
she  was  born  in  Woodford  County,  111., 
August  19, 1858.  He  lived  in  Morgan 
County  one  year,  then  came  to  present 
place;  he  owns  160  acres  here  and  640 
in  Harvey  Co.,  Kan.  His  father,  Jo- 
seph Wilson,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania, 
May  4,  1812,  and  lived  there  twenty 
years,  then  moved  to  Ohio.  In  1838, 
he  settled  in  Morgan  County,  111.,  and 
in  1 846,  he  came  to  Woodford  County 
and  settled  in  Roanoke  Township.  He 
married  Miss  Mary  Elleston  in  1830  ; 
she  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  ;  they  had 
five  children,  two  living — Amos  and 
Margarette — both  now  married.  His 
second  wife  was  Mrs.  Susan  Scott,  for- 
merly Miss  Porter ;  she  was  born  in 
Hamilton  Co.,  111.,  Dec.  20,  1820,  and 
married  Nov.  5,  1838;  they  had  twelve 
children,  eight  living.  He  died  April 
24,  1877. 

Walder,  John,  farmer;   P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Waldron,  C.  H.,  farnur;     P.  O.  Roanoki'. 

6 


Co.,  111.,  Dec.  7,  1845. 

Louisa    Armstrong,  March    28, 


582 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY: 


Wheeler,  A.  C.  plioemkr;  P.O.Roanoke.  ' 

AVilkinson,  J.  M.,  phys ;    P.  0.   Roanoke.   \ 

Whitmore,  Samuel,  feather  renovator ;   P.  | 
0.  Roanoke. 

Wheelwright,  J.  F.,    druggist    and  Post- 
master ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Wood:?,  John,  mechanic :    P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Wrssel.  Christ..  P.  0.  Secor. 

WELLS,  JOHN,  farming  and  stock  ; 
Sec.  24  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke  ;    was  born  in 
Cecil  County.  Md..  June  29.  1823;  he 
married  Miss  Caroline  R.  Allison.  Sept. 
15,  1846  ;   she  was  born    in  Ohio  and 
died  in  1848;  they  had  one  child.  Will- 
iam  M.     His  second  wife  was  Mary  E. 
Parker ;    she  was   born   in  Ohio  ;    they 
were   married  Feb.  3,  1853 ;    she  died 
January  18,  1854  ;  they  had  one  child, 
not  living ;   his  third  wife  was  3Irs.  E. 
E.  L.  Clark  ;  she  was  born  in  Kentucky 
Nov.  2.  1826,  and    married    June    21,   , 
1855 ;  they  have  five  children — Joseph  : 
E.,  Cynthia  A.,  3Iargaret    J.,  James  M. 
and  Charles  S.     He  lived  in  Maryland 
until  he  was  9   years  old ;  then  went  to 
Ohio,  remained  four  years  ;    then  went 
to  McLean  Co.,  111.,  in  1836  ;   came  to  ; 
present  place  in  1857.     He  came  here 
in  very  poor  circumstances;  he  now  has 
a  farm  of  197  acres  ;    has  been  School 
Trustee,  Road  Commissioner  and  Assess- 
or ;    a   member  of  the    31.  E.  Church 
twenty-five  years,  and  has  acted  as  Trus- 
tee, Class  Leader,  Steward,  and  for  the  ! 
past  twenty  years,  a  local  preacher. 

YORTY,  JACOB,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Ro- 
anoke. 
YORDY,   PETER,    farmer  ;     Sees. 
13  and  24;    P.  O.  Roanoke;  was  born 
in    Alsace,    France    (now    Germany), 


June  12,  1815  ;  he  married  MLss  Mary 
Burkey  Feb.  9,  1847  ;  she  was  born  in 
Germany,  in  1816 ;  they  had  eight 
children,  seven  living — Christian.  Mary, 
Jacob,  Elizabeth,  Peter,  Joseph.  Bar- 
bara ;  he  lived  in  Alsace  two  years,  then 
moved  to  Byron,  in  Germany :  lived 
there  until  1838,  when  he  came  to  the 
United  States ;  in  1839,  he  came  to 
Illinois,  settled  in  Tazewell  Co.,  followed 
farming;  in  1867,  he  came  to  Wood- 
ford Co.,  and  settled  on  his  present 
place ;  he  came  to  the  United  States 
without  any  capital ;  he  now  owns  200 
acres  in  this  township. 

ZIMMERMAN,  ANDREW,   farmer; 
P.  0.  Eureka. 

Zeiset,  Samuel,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Zimmerman.  D.  B..druss  ;  P.O.  Roanoke. 

ZEIGER,  HENRY,  farming ;  Sec. 
36  ;  P.  0.  Secor  ;  was  born  in  Germany 
Sept.  24.  1829  ;  he  married  Miss  Lena 
Keessawetter  March  4,  1859  ;  she  was 
born  in  Germany  June  21,  1838  ;  they 
had  eight  children,  seven  living — Adam, 
born  Jan.  31,1860;  Eva,  born  Nov. 
27,  1861  ;  Peter,  born  Feb.  25,  1864  ; 
Lizzie,  born  Aug.  28,  1865  ;  Wilhelm, 
born  Dec.  14,  1867;  Lena,  born  June 
3,  1870  ;  Joseph,  born  Jan.  31,  1872  ; 
Susannah,  born  Jan.  4.  1863,  died  July 
13,  1863.  He  lived  in  Germany  until 
1853,  when  he  came  to  the  Unhed 
States,  and  settled  in  Woodford  Co., 
Ill,  in  Partridge  Township,  remaining 
until  1864,  when  he  came  to  his  present 
place ;  has  been  Road  Master  and 
School  Director ;  he  has  80  acres ;  he 
came  the  county  without  any  means,  and 
has  earned  his  place  by  his  own  labor. 


A    DEN,  E.  H.,  for. ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Abens,  Wait,  former  ;  P.  0.  Low  Point. 
Aden,  John,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Arrowsmith,  J.,  far. ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Alt.  Jacob,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 
Asay,  S.  E.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Ashmore,  R.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Ashmore,  C.  H.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 


LINN   TOWNSHIP. 

OCOCK,  W.  H.,  far. ;  P.  0.  Wash- 


tiurn. 
Black.  J.  L.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Bell.  A.  C.  farmer;  P.  0.  Belle  Plain. 
Brown,  W.  L. 

Bixby,  M.  N.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Belle  Plain. 
Black,  R.  A.,  former  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Black,  T.  S.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Braun,  B.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Low  Point. 


LINN  TOWNSHIP. 


583 


BLACK,  JOHN,  fl^rming  and  stock  ; 
Sec.  7  ;  P.  0.  Washburn  ;  was  born  in 
Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  Feb.  22,  1814. 
He  married  Miss  Elizabeth  Speer  March 
3,  1842.  She  was  born  in  Allegheny 
Co.,  Pa.  They  had  ten  children,  eight 
living,  viz. : — Sarah,  Mary,  Thomas  S., 
John  M.,  R.  A.  Elizabeth,  William  C. 
and  Samuel  J.  He  lived  in  Pennsyl- 
vania until  18G5 ;  followed  farming, 
then  came  to  Woodford  Co.,  111.,  and  set- 
tled on  his  present  place.  He  has  been 
School  Director  a  number  of  years.  He 
came  here  in  fair  circumstances.  He 
owns  320  acres  here,  and  3(j5  elsewhere 
in  the  county  ;  also,  160  acres  in  Living- 
ston Co.  He  also  owns  Black's  Block 
and  other  property  in  Washburn,  Illinois. 

Burk,  Thos.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Cazeuovia. 

Benders,  C,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Benson. 

Birky,  Jos.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Birky,  Jacob,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Baltz,  Duminique,  far. ;   P.  0.  Washburn. 

Benders,  J.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Ptoanoke. 

Broers,  J.  B.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Low  Point. 

Birky,  J.,  Jr.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Birket,  Dan,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Low  Point. 

BURNHAM,  R.  S.,  farming;  Sec. 
5  ;  P.  0.  Washburn  ;  was  born  in 
Athens  Co.,  Ohio,  March  28,  1825. 
He  married  Miss  P.  J.  Peabody  March 
12,  1848.  She  was  born  in  McKean 
Co.,  Pa.,  March  26,  1829.  They  had 
seven  children,  six  living; — Mary  A.,  Ira 
v.,  Leonard    W.,  Willmm    C,  Charles 

•  A.,  Hurbet  E.,  Thomas  B. — died  Aug. 
14,  1855.  Mr.  Burnham  lived  in  Ohio 
until  1845,  when  he  moved  to  Tazewell 
Co.,  111.,  where  he  engaged  in  carpenter- 
ing, and  remained  until  1856,  when  he 
came  to  Woodford  Co.,  and  settled  on 
his  present  place.  He  has  been  School 
Director,  Road  Commissioner,  Collector 
and  Assessor.  He  came  to  Illinois  with 
less  than  S3,  and  now  owns  over  400 
acres  in  this  township,  all  of  which  he 
has  earned  by  his  own  labor. 

CHRISTOFFER,      JOHN,    farmer; 
P.  0.  Benson. 
Collman,  Barnhart,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Corben,  James,  farmer;  P.  O.  Washburn. 
Crossfield,  Walter,  far. ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Crossfield,  M.  B.,  far.;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Corben,  Nancy,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Corben.  Wm.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Combs,  Alfred,  far.;  P.  0.  Belle  Plain. 


Combs,  John  W.,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Belle  Plain. 
,AUB,  ALEX.,  for. ;  P.O.  Benson. 


D 


Davison,  C.  H.,  former  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Davison,  A.  H.,  farmer  ;  P.O.  Washburn. 

Davison,  R.  W.,  farmer;  P.O.  Washburn. 

Deibell,  Jacob,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Deibell,  L.  J.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

DAVISON,  S.  R.,  deceased.  The 
subject  of  this  sketch,  and  whose  por- 
trait appears  in  this  work,  was  born  in 
Rensselaer  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  26,  1814. 
He  married  Miss  Amanda  M.  West,  in 
August,  1834;  she  was  born  in  Rens- 
selaer Co.,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  5,  1815.  He, 
not  being  of  age,  purchased  his  time  of 
his  father,  paying  $100  for  the  remain- 
ing two  years  to  his  ma-jority;  in  1836, 
he  set  out  on  foot  for  the  West,  and 
bought  a  farm  at  Groveland,  Tazewell 
Co.,  111.;  he  then  returned  East,  and  in 
1838  he  brought  his  wife  and  family  by 
team  to  his  home  in  the  West.  He  en- 
gaged in  farming  and  at  his  trade  of 
mason  and  builder,  and  built  many  of 
the  leading  buildings  in  his  neighbor- 
hood, the  present  Court  House  of  Taze- 
well County  being  among  the  number. 
He  also  held  a  responsible  position  in 
the  packing  house  at  Pekin,  111  ,  during 
the  Winter  months.  In  1856,  he  came 
to  Linn  Township,  Woodford  Co.,  111., 
and  settled  on  a  farm  located  in  Sees.  1 
and  2,  and  engaged  in  farming ;  he  also 
took  a  leading  part  in  religious  enter- 
prises, and  freely  and  liberally  donated 
funds  for  their  advancement ;  he  also 
donated  liberally  to  institutions  which 
he  deemed  worthy,  among  others  the 
Shurtleff  College,  at  Upper  Alton,  111., 
and  the  Chicago  University  ;  he  was  a 
Deacon  in  the  Baptist  Church,  and  Su- 
perintendent of  the  Sabbath  School  foi 
twenty  years,  and  was  a  leader  in  all 
religious  enterprises.  He  had  a  fimily 
of  nine  children,  viz. :  Ezra  D.,  Diade- 
mia  L.,  Asa  L.,  James  M.,  Seraphina 
M.,  Mary  A.,  Lois  L.,  Emily  J.,  Lois 
L.;  the  three  latter  have  died.  Such 
was  his  life  that  when,  on  the  18lh  of 
April,  1867,  he  died,  he  was  mourned 
by  many  warm  friends,  and  the  religious 
societies  to  which  he  was  attached  long 
went  in  mourning  in  memory  of  their 
departed  leader.  Throughout  his  life 
he  was   a   liberal  and  kind  father   and 


584 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY: 


friend ;  and  such  was  his  success  that 
thoujili   starting    on  nothing',    in    fact, 
in    debt,    he    was  able  to   give   all    of 
his  children  a  liberal  education,  and  to 
each  he  gave  more  than   100  acres  of 
land,  thus   seeming   to    prove  the   old 
proverb  that  to  those  who  give  shall  be 
given,  too.      Of  the  six  living  children, 
Mr.  James  M.  is  the  only  one  living  in 
this  county  :  he  resides  on  the  old  home- 
stead;    Mrs.    Davison    lives   with    her 
children  here  and  in  Inwa. 
DAVISON,   JAMES   M.,   firmer; 
P.    0.    Minonk  :  was  born  in  Tazewell 
Co..  111.,  April  IS,  IS-IG;    he  married 
Miss  Louise  E.  Scriven,  Sept.  22, 1870  ; 
she  was  born  in  Rensselaer  Co.,  N.  Y., 
Aug.  18.  18-45  :  they  have  four  children 
— Alice  I.,  born  Oct.  26,  1871  ;   Sarah 
M.,  born  Feb.  6,  1873 :  Ida  B.,  born 
June  25.  1874:  James  E.,  born  June 
22,  1876.     He  lived  in  Tazewell  County 
ten  years,  then  came  to  his  present  place 
with    his   parents,  and  has  lived   here 
since,  except  three  years  spent  in  Shurt- 
lefF   College,   at  Upper  Alton ;    he  hiis 
been  Justice  of  the  Peace  six  years,  and 
School  Director.  Trustee  and  Treasurer, 
also    Collector.       He    owns    240    acres 
here,  and   100  acres  in  Clayton  Town- 
ship;     also    property    in    Mini  ink     and 
McLfan  Counties. 
DAMERELL,  EDWARD,  farm- 
er;    Section     21;    P.    0.    Washburn; 
was    born   in  Devonshire.    Eng..  June 
1,    1823.      He    married   Miss   Martha 
.    A.    Birkett   July  -4,   1849.       She  was 
born   in    Vermont.     April     20.     1831. 
they    had  eight    children,  three  living. 
viz.:  Susanna.  Quinton.  and  Edward  0. 
He    lived   in    England  22  years,  then 
came  to  the  United   States   and  settled 
at    Peoria  ;  remained    two  years    there 
and  went  to  Washington  in  Tazewell  Co. 
and  ensraeed    in    wason   making ;    re- 
mained  until  1871.  when  he  came  to  his 
present  place,  which   he   entered    about 
185(1.     His  wife  died  Oct.  12,   1865  ; 
his  second  wife  was  Mrs.  P..    M.    Fan- 
char.       She  was  born    in   New   York  ; 
they  were   married    July     15,    1870 ; 
they  have    no   children.     He   came    to 
the'United  States  with  S5.00  ;  he   now 
owns  IGH  acres,  which  he  has  earned  by 
his  own  labor.       He  has  been  Highway 
Commissioner  three  years. 


EDEN,  GEO.,  farmer ;    P.  0.    Wash- 
burn. 
Ehrismann,  R.,  farmer;    P.O.    Roanoke. 
Eckstine,  John,  firmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Edwards.  0.  L.,  farmer  :  P.  0.  Washburn. 

FARNSWORTH,  G.   A.,  farmer  ;    P. 
0.  Washburn. 

Fisher.  Luke,  farmer;  P.    0.   Washburn. 

Fisher.  Thamer.  farmer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Ford.  Isaac,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Foeller.  John,  farmer  ;    P.  0.    Washburn. 

Fisher,  Aug..  farmer  ;  P.O.  Roanoke. 

Fagot,  Prosper,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Folkers.  Fred,  farmer :    P.  0.    Washburn. 

FAW,  J.  J.,  farmer  :  Sec.  9  ;  P.  0. 
Washburn;  was  born  in  Monroe  Co.. 
Ind..  Aug.  22.  1832.  He  married 
Miss  Druzilla  Bai'ker,  March  8,  1856. 
She  was  born  in  Fulton  Co..  111.,  Aug. 
19,1835.  They  have  five  children- 
Caroline.  Marvin,  Reuben,  Mary  E., 
and  Franklin;  he  lived  in  Indiana  near- 
ly two  years,  when  with  his  parents  he 
moved  to  Ashe  Co.,  North  Carolina;  re- 
mained there  until  1853.  when  he 
moved  to  Fulton  Co,  111.,  engaging  in 
farming ;  remained  eight  years,  then 
came  to  present  place  in  Woodford  Co; 
he  owns  29u  acres  in  the  county  ;  he 
came  to  this  State  in  poor  circum- 
stances. 

Flvr.  W.  H..  former:  P.  0.  Low  Point. 

Full.  Benj. 

Flohr.  Brachter,  farmer  :  P.  0.  Low  Point. 

Folkers.  W. 

Fisher,  Jiis.  L.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Wa.shburn. 

Fisher.  Nathan,  farmer;  P.  0.  Wa.sliburn. 

FISHER,  ISAAC,  former;  Sec.  18  : 

P.   O.  Washburn  ;  was  born  in  Clinton 

Co.,  Ohio,   Nov.  1,  1825.      He  married 

Miss  Serena  Moukon  Nov.  1,  18-45  ;  she 

was  born  in  Tazewell  Co.,  111..  Aug.  26, 

1827.      They  had  eight   children   (six 

Hving),  viz.:  Esther,  AYilliam,  Isaac  N., 

James,   Emily,  Amy.     He  lived  three 

years  in   Ohio,   then  came  to  Tazewell 

\        Co.,  111.,  with  his  parents,  and  remained 

i       until  1845,  then  came  to  Woodford  Co., 

j       111.,  and  settled  on  his  present  place  in 

:        18-48.      He   has   been    Justice   of  the 

I       Peace  four  years.  Supervisor  one  year, 

and  School  Director  and  Trustee.     He 

started  without  any  means,  working  out 

at  first ;  he  now   owns   320  acres  here 

and  1 8  in  Cazenovia,  all  of  which  he  has 

earned  bj^  his  own  labor. 


LINN  TOWNSHIP. 


585 


Farrow,  Jacob  J.,  far.;  P.  0.  Wa.shburn. 
Flynn,  Wm.  H.,  for.;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
rS  RIES,  Adam,  for.;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Gunzonhouser,  Josias. 
Grabb,  John,  former ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Gunzonhouser,  Jos.,  for.;   P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Goodfellow,  Mary  A.,  P.  O.  Belle  Plain. 
Gaut,  W.  M.,  former;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Guibert,  N.  R. 

HARBUS,  F.  J.,  for. ;  P.  0.  Wash- 
burn. 

Haig,  John,  former  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Huckins,  Rudolph,  for.  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Harms,  Eilert,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Hollenback,  Nathan,  for. ;  P.  0.  Belle 
Plain. 

Hawk  Phillip,  for. ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Hawk,  James,  former ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Hollenback,  J.  H.,  for.;  P.  0.  Belle  Plain. 

Hollenback,  Wm.  A.,  for. ;  P.  0.  Belle 
Plain. 

Hubert,  H.,  former  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Husseman,  Jac(|ues,  for. ;  P.O.  Washburn. 

Haig,  Adam,  former  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Houck,  Isaac,  former  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Hawk,  Alex.,  former  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Harms,  H.  H.,  former;  P.  O.  Benson. 

HELD,  Z.  H.,  forming  ;  Sec.  11  ;  P. 
0.  Belle  Plain,  Marshall  Co. ;  was  born 
in  Marshall  Co.,  111.,  April  25,  1851  ; 
he  married  Miss  Isadore  Rose,  Feb.  4, 
1874  ;  she  was  born  in  New  York  June 
24,  1851  ;  they  have  two  children,  viz. : 
— Frank  T.,  born  Jan.  3,  1875  ;  Luola 
A.,  born  Aug.  1,  1876;  he  lived  in 
Marshall  Co.,  111.,  until  he  was  10  years 
old,  then  moved  to  Woodford  Co.,  111., 
with  his  parents,  and  settled  on  Sec.  17, 
Linn  Township.  He  lived  there  thirteen 
years,  when  he  married  and  set*  led  on 
his  present  place  ;  he  is  renting  at  pres- 
ent, from  his  father  ;  he  has  been  Con- 
stable and  School  Director. 

Hicken,  Anna,  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Hamilton,  J.  I.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Low  Point. 

Haig,  James,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Hester,  Jno.  G.,  farmer  ;  P.O.  Washburn. 

Hoswell,  Jas.  F. 

Hoswell,  Jas.  E. 

Hollenback,  Geo.,  far.;  P.  0.  Belle  Plain. 

Held,  Chas.,  former  ;   P.  0.  Washburn. 

Hollenback,  Jacob,  farmtr;  P.  0.  Belle 
Plain. 

Hollenback,  Henry,  former  ;  P.  0.  Belle 
Plain. 


Held,  Jacob,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Harm,  H.  C,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

HELD,  JOHN  W.,  farming;  Sec. 
18;  P.  0.  Washburn;  was  born  in 
Marshall  Co.,  Ill,  Dec.  1,  1852.  He 
married  Miss  Elizabeth  McClure  April 
22,  187B.  She  was  born  in  Ohio  Nov. 
1,  1849.  They  have  f  jur  children,  viz. : 
Edward  C,  William  M.,  Margaret  N., 
'  Mertie.  He  lived  in  Marshall  Co.  three 
years,  then  came  to  Woodford  Co.  with 
his  parents.  He  settled  on  his  present 
place  in  the  Spring  of  1874,  which  he  is 
renting  of  his  father. 

TRWIN,   MARY   A.,   farmer;    P.    0. 


former ;    P.     0. 


Washburn. 

JANSSEN,    IHNE, 
Washburn. 

Jelden,  F.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Jamison,  S.  J.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Low  Point. 

Jacquot,  M.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Johnson,  John,  former  ;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Johnson.  Jacob,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Johnson,  Meenke,  farmer;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Johnson,  Michael,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

JURY,  THOMAS,  farmer  ;  Sec.  19  ; 
P.  0.  Washburn  ;  was  born  in  England 
March  25,  1834.  He  married  Miss 
Sarah  Draper  in  1861  ;  she  was  born  in 
Ohio.  They  had  seven  children,  four 
living — Maggie,  John ,  Frank  and  Lewis. 
He  lived  in  England  sixteen  years,  then 
came  to  the  United  States,  and  settled 
in  Woodford  Co.,  111.,  in  Cazenovia  Tp., 
then  came  to  this  neighborhood,  and  in 
1858  he  came  to  his  present  place.  He 
has  been  a  School  Director  for  a  number 
of  years.  He  came  to  this  county  with 
his  parents,  who  were  in  moderate  circum- 
stances ;  on  becoming  of  age,  Mr.  Jury 
and  his  parents  moved  to  his  present 
place,  he  working  the  farm  on  his  own 
account ;  he  owns  32(1  acres  here  and 
560  elsewhere  in  the  county. 

JURY,  WILLIAM,  former;  Sec. 
19  ;  P.  0.  Low  Puint ;  was  born  in 
Devonshire,  England,  Dec.  26,  1828. 
He  married  Miss  Moriah  Radley,  Oct. 
28,  1858;  she  was  born  in  P]ngland. 
They  have  six  children — Mary  E.,  Clara 
M.,  William  T.,  Belle,  Cora,  Clarence  L. 
He  lived  in  England  until  he  was  14  years 
old,  and  then  came  to  the  United  States, 
settled  in  Woodford  Co.,  111.,  at  3Ioores- 
town,  remained  six  years,  then  returned 
to  England,  remained  sixte3n  months, 


•586 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY: 


then  came  to  Woodford  Co.,  settled  near 
Washburn,  remained  two  years,  then 
came  to  his  present  place ;  has  been 
School  Trustee  and  Director,  also  Eoad 
Commissioner.  He  now  owns  2-10  acres 
here  and  502  acres  elsewhere  in  the 
county,  also  460  in  Marshall  and  Ford 
Cos.  He  had  only  moderate  means  to 
beirin  with. 

K^OLB,  CHRISTIAN,  farmer  ;  P.'O. 
Roanoke. 
Kruse,  Albert,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Washburn. 
Koehler,  Christian,  far. ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Kennel.  Peter,  farmer :  P.  O.  Roanoke. 
Krater,  Wm.  E.,  far.;  P.  0.  Low  Point. 
Keizer.  Jno.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

MERS,    AUGUST,    farmer;     P.    0. 
Cazenovia. 
McWhinney,  John,  far.;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Meyer,  Adami,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Meyer.  Albert,  firmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Meints.  Henry  C,  far.;  P.  0.  Low  Point. 
Monk,  Folkert,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Mers,  Fred.,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Washburn. 
Mick,  Jacob,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 
McFarlin,  Leo,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 
McClure,  Wm.,  farmer ;  P.  O.  Washburn. 
Miller,  Frank,  farmer;   P.  0.  Benson. 
Menson,  Jno.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Menson,  Wm.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Meinholt.  Herman,  far.;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
McClure,  D.  M..  far.;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Meinholt,  Sophia,  far.;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Miller,  Jno.  C,  far.;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Mennen,  Wm.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Washburn. 
^NTTEWTON,  GEO.  A.,   farmer;  P.  0. 
JLN       Washburn. 

North,  G.  B.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Noble,  Elisha,  farmer ;   P.  O.  Washburn. 

PEABODY,    N.   W.,    tarmer;   P.    0. 
Washburn. 
Peachey,  R.,  carpenter;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Porter,  E.  C,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Parkin,  R.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Porter,  F.  R..  firmer;   P.  O.  Washburn. 
Porth,  A.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Porth,  Charles,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Parr,  F.  A.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

QriTHAM3IER,  GEO,  farmer;  P. 
0.  Washburn. 

EOBBINS,  B.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Wash- 
burn. 
Rewerts,  F.  R.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Rewerts,  J.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Robbins,  Thos.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Roprit^:.  K    T'..  fMUKr:   P.  O.  Benson. 


Ilea,  James,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Rediger,  Jos.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Reinholtz,  S.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Ruhaak,  Geo.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Reese,  Geo.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Reiter,  Jos.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Rediger,  C,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Rohman,  Larras,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Reuben,  Claas,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Rohman,  P.,  farmer:  P.  0.  Washburn. 

RICHARDS,  THOMAS,  farming 
and  stock  ;  Sec.  18;  P.  0.  Washburn; 
was  born  in  Devonshire,  Eng.,  Feb.  24, 
1814.  He  married  Miss  Elizabeth 
Peard  in  1841.  She  was  born  in  En- 
gland. She  died  in  1852.  They  had 
three  children,  two  living — Malora  and 
Elizabeth.  His  second  wife  was  Mrs. 
Elizabeth  Bael.  She  was  born  in  En- 
gland, and  married  in  1853,  in  April. 
They  have  no  children.  He  lived  28 
years  in  England,  then  came  to  Canada  ; 
remained  one  year,  then  came  to  the 
United  States  and  settled  in  Woodford 
Co..  near  Metamora  ;  came  to  his  present 
place  in  1852.  He  has  been  Collector. 
Commissioner,  and  School  Director, 
He  came  to  the  United  States  with  less 
than  $10.  He  now  owns  160  acres 
here  and  190  elsewhere  in  the  county, 
which  he  has  principally  earned  by  his 
own  labor.  His  son  William  enlisted  in 
the  7Tth  111.  Inf ,  was  taken  sick,  and 
died  in  the  hospital  at  St.  Louis. 

SCHRODER,    JOST,    farmer;    P.   0. 
Low  Point. 

Sloan,  B.  G.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Belle  Plain. 

Schertz,  Jos.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Schertz,  John,  farmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Stenuer,  A.  P.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Shalienberger,  B.,  far. ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Schrack,  A.,  farmer:   P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Sifert,  Phillip,  farmer;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Sunker,  B.  D.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Washburn, 

Stephens,  M.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Stephens,  E.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Schertz,  J.  E.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Schroeder,  jChas.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn, 

Schertz,  Peter,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Sceso,  Adam,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Washburn. 

Sloan,  E.  D.  C.  farmer;  P.  0.  Belle  Plain. 

Speer.  Alex.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Low  Point. 

Sifert,  Anton,  farmer ;  P,  0.  Cazenovia. 
'   Salathy,  John,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Schlachter.  John,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 
j  Schlachter.  Robt..  farmer ;   P.  0.  Benson. 


LINN  TOWNSHIP. 


587 


Schmitt,  Pierre,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Stenger,  Henry,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Schneider,  J.  G.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Stenger,  F.  L.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Schmidt,  R.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Schmidt,  D.  J.,  farmer ;    P.  0.  Roanoke. 
Stonier,  Jos.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Belle  Plain. 
Schneider,  C,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Scheerer,  John,  firmer;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

THOLEN,  HIRAM,  farmer;  P.  0. 
Washburn. 

Tjaden,  Hildebrand,  farmer;  P.  0.  Caze- 
novia. 

Tjaden,  Gergat,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Tjaden,  John,  farmer ;     P.  0.    Cazenovia. 

Tjarks.  G.  L.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

TJADEN,  JACOB  H.,  farmer ; 
P.  0.  Cazenovia ;  was  born  in  Old 
Friesland,  Hanover,  June  18,  1817;  he 
married  Miss  Maria  E.  Hine  in  1844. 
She  was  born  in  Germany.  They  had 
10  children,  7  living — Heyke,  John, 
Menke,  Henry,  Jacob,  Lewis  and  Har- 
men.  He  lived  in  Germany  41  years, 
then  came  to  the  United  States  and 
settled  on  his  present  place ;  he  is 
Road  Commissioner,  and  has  been 
School  Director  ;  he  came  to  this  county 
in  moderate  circumstances ;  he  now 
owns  700  acres  of  land  which  he  has 
earned  principally  by  his  own  labor. 
Six  of  his  boys  live  in  this  county  and 
one  lives  in  Kansas. 

"TTPHOFF,  JAR  YEN,  farmer  ;  P.  0. 
v_j       Benson. 

Ulrich,  John,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

YETTER,  ANDREW,  farmer;  P.  0. 
Cazenovia. 
VoUers,  Diedrick,  far. ;  P.  0.    Washburn. 

WINETEER,     ROBERT,    farmer; 
P.  0.  Washburn, 
Wineteer,  Thos.,   far.  ;  P.  0.   Washburn. 
Wineteer,  Curtis,  far.  ;  P.  0.    Washburn. 
Wilson,  Benj.,  Jr.,  carpenter;  P.  0.  Belle 

Plain. 
Wineteer,  Lewis,  far. ;  P.  0.  Belle  Plain. 
West,  Jno.,  fanner;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
West,  A.  C.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Williams,  Abel,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Waggoner,  J.  H.,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Woodburn,  Geo.  M.,  far. ;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Wineteer,  Mary,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Wehling,  Henry,  farmer ;  P.  O.  Benson. 


WHITE,  JAMES,  farming;  P.  0. 
Washburn ;  was  born  in  North  Caro- 
lina, in  1823.  He  married  Miss  Re- 
becca Kirby.  She  was  born  in  Pennsyl- 
vania. They  had  nine  children,  eight 
living,  viz. :  John,  William,  James, 
Ellen,  Mary,  Charles,  Samuel,  Minnie. 
He  lived  in  N.  C.  nine  years  ;  then,  in 
1832,  he  came  to  Illinois  with  his  par- 
ents, and  settled  in  Marshall  Co.  ;  in 
1838,  he  came  to  Woodford  Co.,  and 
worked  out.  In  1853  or  '54,  he  bought 
a  place  in  Cazenovia  Township,  remain- 
ing one  year ;  then  came  to  his  present 
place.  Though  quite  young,  he  walked 
most  of  the  way  from  North  Carolina ; 
he  had  no  capital  to  begin  with ;  he  now 
owns  235  acres  here,  and  35  in  Part- 
ridge Township.  In  1873,  his  buildings, 
farm  machinery,  etc.,  were  destroyed  by 
fire,  causing  heavy  loss. 

Weber,  Carl,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Witte,  Wilhelm,  far. ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

White,  James,  Jr.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Wash- 
burn. 

White,  W.  F.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

West,  Wm.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Woodburn,  Jas.  S.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Wash- 
burn. 

Wessell,  Chris,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Washburn. 

WALLACE,  JOHN,  stock  dealer  ; 
Sec.  5  ;  P.  0.  Washburn  ;  was  born  in 
Arbroath,  Scotland,  April  15,  1832 ; 
he  married  Miss  Mary  Peabody  Nov. 
17,  1853;  she  was  born  in  Pennsylva- 
nia Aug.  20,  1833.  They  have  eleven 
children,  viz.  :  Laura  M.,Leverett  K., 
Clara  F.,  Phidelia,  William  T.,  Jean- 
nette,  Mary  E.,  John  F.,  Myra  A.,  May 
L.  and  Charles  L.  He  lived  in  Scot- 
land 11  years,  then  came  to  the  United 
States,  and  settled  in  Tazewell  Co.,  111.; 
at  Washington,  engaged  in  farming,  re- 
maining until  1856,  then  came  to  his 
present  place.  He  has  been  Supervisor, 
Assessor,  Collector  and  School  Director. 
In  1861,  he  commenced  dealing  in 
stock  on  commission  ;  his  business  has 
since  increased,  until  now  he  is  conceded 
the  largest  dealer  in  these  parts. 

ZIMMERMAN,  JNO.,  farmer;  P.  0. 
Cazenovia. 


588 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUXTY 


CLAYTON    TOWNSHIP. 


A    SAY,  R.  S.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Aden,  H.  E.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Aden,  E.  H.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Anderson,  J.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Ahrends.  A.,  saloon ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Abrahams,  A.,  hardware;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Abrahams    &    Zinser,     hardware ;     P.   0. 
Benson. 

AVAS,  JOHN,  farmer  and  breeder  of 
fine  horses  ;  Sec.  36  ;  P.  0.  Benson ; 
born  in  Hanover,  Germany,  April  27,  I 
1843 ;  came  to  this  country  in  early  ' 
childhood  with  his  parents,  who  settled 
in  St.  Clair  Co.,  111.,  in  1846.  The 
subject  of  this  sketch  came  to  this  coun- 
ty in  the  Spring  of  1864,  locating-  in 
Green  Tp.,  and  in  1867  removed  to 
his  present  home ;  owns  240  acres  of 
land,  valued  at  811,200.  Enlisted  in 
the  47th  111.  Inf  in  Aug.,  1862;  dis- 
charged in  Feb.,  1863.  Married  in  1864 
to  Miss  Ruth  Brown  ;  she  was  boi"n  in 
Woodford  Co.  Mr.  A.  is  giving  his  at- 
tention to  the  raising  and  breeding  of 
fine  horses.  i 

AUSTMAN,  LOUIS  A.,  physician 
and  surgeon  ;  P.  0.  Benson  ;  born  in 
Limgo,  Germany,  July  26,  1842  ;  came 
to  this  country  in  early  childhood  with  his 
parents,  who  located  in  Evansville,Ind., 
in  1848,  but  soon  removed  to  a  farm  in 
that  part  of  the  State,  where  the  subject 
of  this  sketch  resided  till  12  years  of 
^e.  Received  his  collegiate  education 
at  Femeosage  College,  ]\Iissouri ;  entered 
Missouri  Medical  College  in  1860;  grad- 
uated at  St.  Louis  Homeopathic  Medi- 
cal College  of  Missouri  in  1864.  Mar-  | 
ried  in  1865  to  Miss  Sarah  Trapp;  she 
was  born  in  White  Co..  111.  Five  chil- 
dren, three  living — Edwin  L..  Harry 
v.,  Louis  P.;  Paul  W.  died  in  1875, 
Paul  A.  in  1877.  The  Doctor  lost  his 
stock  of  drugs  and  medicines  at  Peru, 
111.,  in  1869,  and  in  1874  removed  to 
Benson,  his  present  home. 

BFRGDOOFER.    JACOB,    farmer; 
P.  0.  Minonk. 
Boomhower,  W..  farmer  :     P.  0.  Minonk. 
Barth.  Michael,  far.;  P.  0.  Minonk.  i 

Bailey.  Hiram,  far.  ;   P.  0.  3Iinonk. 


Boomhower,  H.  G..  far.  ;  P.   0.   Minonk. 

Baker.  T.,  farmer:   P.  O.   Benson. 

BAILEY,  HERMAN  S.,  farmer  ; 
Sec.  2  ;  P.  0.  Minonk  ;  born  in  Erie 
Co.,  N.  Y..  Feb.  1,  1842  ;  removed  to 
Illinois  in  the  Fall  of  1854.  locating  in 
Boone  Co. ;  came  to  his  present  home 
in  1865  ;  owns  205  acres  of  land,  valued 
at  S10,250  ;  has  served  as  School  Di- 
rector nine  years ;  married  in  1863  to 
Miss  Fidelia  S.  Labar.  She  was  born 
in  New  York ;  seven  children,  five  liv- 
ing— Elwin  L..  Delta.  Cornelia.  Orson 
and  Herbert ;  lost  two — Clarence  E., 
died  Nov.  25,  1863  ;  Clarence  M..  died 
Jan.  9,  1871. 

Bens,  Peter,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Behrens,  F.   W..  farmer  ;  P,  0.   Minonk. 

Barth.  Wm.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Backer,  Thos.,  wagon  maker ;  P.  0. 
Benson. 

Breen,  Jno.,  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Bankler.  Jos.,  harness  maker :  P.  0. 
Benson. 

Bohlander.  Philip,  farmer  :  P.  0.  Minonk. 

CORDSEN,   JOHN,   farmer;    P.    0. 
Minonk. 
Clodius,  C.  F.,  farmer :   P.  0.  Minonk. 

COLEMAN,  THOS.  E,  (Geo. 
Fritze  k  Co.)  grain,  lumber  and  agricul- 
tural implements;  P.  0.  Benson;  born 
in  Cayuga  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  25,  1837 ; 
removed  to  Illinois  in  1862,  locating  at 
Pekin.  Tazewell  Co.,  thence  to  Bushnell, 
111.,  in  1872,  and  two  years  later  to 
Hancock  County,  this  State.  Married, 
in  1865,  to  Miss  Cornelia  A.  Pickernell; 
she  was  born  in  Massachusetts :  four 
children — Wilbra  S.,  Mina  E.,  Edward 
L.  and  Cornelia  M.  Mr.  C.  located  at 
Benson,  his  present  home,  in  1874. 

Coleman.  J.  W.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Cavan,Bros..  lumb.  dlrs.;  P.  0.  Benson. 

COLE,  WARREN,  proprietor  of 
Clayton  butter  and  cheese  factory  ;  Sec. 
36  ;  P.  0.  Woodford  :  born  in  Rensse- 
laer Co.,  N.  Y.,  March  31,  1835  ;  re- 
moved to  Illinois  in  the  Spring  of  1856, 
locating  on  the  farm  where  he  now  re- 
sides ;  owns  160  acres  of  land,  valued  at 
§10,000  ;  has  40  cows,  and  the  dairy 
product  from  his  factory  is  about  20,000 


CLAYTON   TOWNSHIP. 


589 


lbs.  of  cheese  and  2,000  lbs.  of  butter 
per  annum.  Has  served  as  Assessor, 
Collector,  Supervisor,  and  also  held  other 
minor  offices.  Married,  in  1856,  to  Miss 
Laura  M.  Dusten ;  she  was  born  in 
Rensselaer  Co.,  N.  Y.;  three  children 
by  this  union,  two  living — Emma  E. 
and  Albert  T  ;    Lydia  E.  died  in   1866. 

Cook,  Henry,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Clemmen,  E.  J.,    farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Cook,  Michael,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

CLARK,  EDGAR  P.,  farmer  ;  Sec. 
4  ;  P.  0.  Minonk  ;  born  in  Olio  Town- 
ship, this  county,  Jan.  14,  1846  ;  owns 
160  acres  of  land,  valued  at  S8,000  ; 
married  Nov.  15,  1871,  to  Miss  Marga- 
ret F.  Wineteere.  She  was  born  in 
Belle  Plain  Township,  Marshall  Co., 
July  6,  1847.  Two  children— Myra  E. 
and  Vernon. 

CAVAN,  OLIVER  A.  (Cavan 
Brothers),  grain  and  lumber,  Benson  ; 
P.  0.  Benson  ;  born  in  Franklin  Co., 
Pa.,  April  12,  1843  ;  removed  to  Illi- 
nois in  early  childhood  with  his  parents, 
who  settled  in  Sangamon  Co.,  in  1853. 
The  subject  of  this  sketch  came  to  this 
county  in  1861,  locating  in  the  north- 
ern part  of  Greene  Township,  where  he 
resided  until  1873.  The  C,  P.  &  S.  W. 
R.  R.,  having  been  completed  in  the 
Fall  of  1872,  Mr.  C,  on  the  2d  of  Jan., 
1873,  moved  that  portion  of  his  hotel 
now  used  as  a  dining  room  from  Greene 
Township  to  its  present  location,  occu- 
pying the  same,  as  dwelling  and  hotel, 
on  the  16th  of  the  same  month  ;  and 
on  the  20th  commenced  shipping  grain, 
which  was  put  in  cars  on  side  track, 
thus  becoming  pioneer  of  the  town  of 
Benson,  both  as  a  resident  and  business 
man.  Married  Oct.  18,  1866,  to  Miss 
Sallie  E.  Plesants ;  she  was  born  in 
Roanoke  Co.,  Va  ,  May  22,1843.  Four 
children — Eva  J.,  born  Sept.  5,  1867  ; 
William  N.,  born  April  18,  1870 ;  Nor- 
man H.,  born  Nov.  7,  1872 ;  Mary 
May,  born  Nov.  20,  1874. 

y^ODEN,  W.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

DeVries,  Rainke,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Denekus,  Wm.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

DAVISON,  JOHN  M.  &  P.  H., 

farmers ;  Sec.  5  ;  P.  0.  Minonk.  John 
M.  Davison  was  born  in  Rensselaer  Co,, 
N.  Y.,   Sept.    14,    1811  ;    removed  to 


Illinois  in  the  Spring  of  1855,  locating 
on  the  farm  where  ne  now  resides.  Mr. 
D.  was  elected  School  Trustee  of  Clay- 
ton Township  in  1856,  at  the  first  elec- 
tion held  ;  was  married  in  1832  to  Miss 
Sallie  Parks.  She  was  born  in  same 
county  and  State  ;  two  children — Pros- 
per H.,  Elsie  L.,  wife  of  Jacob  Mc- 
Chesney.  Prosper  Harvey  Davison 
was  born  in  Rensselaer  Co.,  N.  Y..  Aug. 
26,  1833;  removed  to  this  State  in 
April,  1855,  locating  on  the  farm  which 
is  his  present  home ;  has  served  as 
School  Treasurer  since  November,  1863, 
and  Supervisor  for  two  years ;  married 
in  1854  to  Miss  Jane  C.  File.  She  was 
born  in  same  county  and  State  ;  seven 
children,  six  living — Frankie,  William 
S.,  J.  Morgan,  Paul  H.,  Elsie  J.  and 
Berthie.  Mary  A.  was  born  Aug.  6, 
1855,  died  May  6.  1861.  Her  birth 
and  death  were  the  first  in  Clayton 
Township.  They  own  640  acres  of 
land  valued  at  $32,000. 

Dues,  F.  L.,  farmer  ;    P.  0.  Benson. 

Denkas,  Jno.,  saloon ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Decker.  G.,  milliner;  P.  O.  Benson. 

Davison,  R.  M., farmer;  P.  O.  Belle  Plain. 

DeVries,  Mary,  P.  0.   Benson. 

DAVISON,  DANIEL  H.,  farm- 
er; Sec.  10;  P.  O.  Minonk;  born 
in  Rensselaer  Co.,  N.  Y.,  May  25, 
1826;  removed  to  Illinois  in  1857, 
locating  on  the  farm  where  he  now  re- 
sides ;  owns  360  acres  of  land  valued 
at  $18,000 ;  has  held  the  office  of 
County  Surveyor  for  the  past  16  years 
and  is  the  present  incumbent ;  married 
in  1851  to  Miss  Louisa  M.  Bly.  She 
was  born  in  Rensselaer  Co.,  N.  Y. ; 
eight  children — Ida  C,  Joseph  A., 
Daniel  M.,  William  A.,  Cyrus  E..  Min- 
nie A.,  Dexter  H.  and  Orris  M. 
ENGEL,  JOHN,  farmer;  P.  0.  Wood- 
ford. 

Eilts,  E.  E.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Eiben,  Cornelius,  drayman  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Eckhart,  Adam,  farmer;   P.  0.  Benson. 

Eiben,  B.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 

FOLEY,  MICHAEL,  farmer;   P.   0. 
Woodford. 
Frye,  A.  J.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Findies,  Adam,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Fulfs,  J.  E.,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Minonk. 
Fulfs,  Henry,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Frye,  S.  C,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 


590 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY; 


Foiney,  A.  W.,  fanner;   I*.  0.  Benson. 
Fritze,  Geo.,  &  Co.,  lumber  and  grain  ;   P. 

0.  Benson. 
Folkens,  C,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Folkins,  Jno.  AV.,  former;    P.  0.  Benson. 
Fry,  John,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Rutland. 
Felt,  Jno.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Flynn,  Patrick,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

GEOVE,  SAMUEL  L.,  farmer  ;  P.O. 
Benson. 

Gindling,  Henry,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Griswold,  Jno.,  carpenter;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Gonimels,  Peter,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Ben.son. 

GARDNER,  JOSIAH,  Sr.,  farm- 
er; Sec.  21  ;  P.  0.  Minonk  ;  born  in 
Cincinnati,  Ohio^  Sept.  30,  1819;  re- 
moved to  Illinois  in  the  Fall  of  1848, 
locating  in  Cass  County,  and  came  to  his 
present  home  in  the  Spring  of  1857  ; 
owns  120  acres  of  land,  valued  at  $6,- 
000.  Married,  in  1841,  to  Miss  Mar- 
garet Sherr ;  she  was  born  in  Ohio ; 
eleven  children,  four  living — James  K., 
Josiah,  Jr.,  Mary  A.  (wife  of  William 
Seed),  and  Lillie  M.;  lost  seven.  Mr. 
G.  made  the  overland  trip  to  California, 
in  1850. 

HOLLENBACK,  JNO.  C,  farmer; 
P.  0.  Minonk. 

Hinricks,  Folkert,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

-HoUenback,  Daniel,  far. ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Hazlebaker,  Thos.,  farmer  ;  P.  O.  Minonk. 

Houck,  Jno.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Haas,  John,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Harms,  Harm,  farmer ;  P.  O.  Benson. 

Highlands,  J.  F. 

Harms,  A.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Hartman,  Jno.  H.,  farmer  ;  P.  O.  Benson. 

Harms,  Harm  W.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Harms  &  Woltzen,  dry  goods ;  P.  0. 
Benson. 

Harm.*,  Joureen,  dry  goods  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

HODGE,  CHAS.  W.,  farmer;  P. 
0.  Woodford  ;  born  in  Marshall  Co., 
111.,  Feb.  18,  1857  ;  has  resided  in 
Clayton  Township  for  several  years,  be- 
ing engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  but- 
ter and  cheese  at  Warren  Cole's  factory, 
Sec.  3G. 

Hoffman,  Frank,  saloon  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Harding,  Wm.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Holder,'  F.  M.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Woodford. 

Holder,  Thomas,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Woodford. 

Hill,  L.  B.,  teacher  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Hock,  Jno.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Benson. 

Hock,  Adam,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 


Hindert,  August,  farmer  ;  P.  O.  Woodford. 
Hindert,  Jno.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Woodford. 
Hindert,  J.,  Sr.,  farmer  ;  P.   0.  Minonk. 
Hock,  Christian,  farmer  ;     P.  0.  Benson. 
Harms,  Meenke,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Holland,  L.  M.,dry  goods  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

HEINEKE,  HENRY,  Jr.,  P.  0. 

Benson  ;  proprietor  of  Farmer's  Home, 
billiard  hall  and  sample  room,  Benson, 
111. ;  born  in  Peoria,  111.,  Dec.  19,  1854  ; 
removed  to  Secor,  this  county,  in  1869, 
and  to  Benson,  his  present  home,  in 
Oct.,  1874 ;  is  one  of  the  Commission- 
ers of  Highways  ;  married  in  187G,  to 
Miss  Lena  H.  Kalkwarf  ;  she  was  born 
in  Germany.  One  child — Lena  K. 
Mr.  H.  is  agent  for  the  Peoria  Gernmn 
Demohrat. 
XRONS,  WM.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Roanoke. 

Ingel,  A.  L.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
"TUNGMAN,  W.  G.,  P.  O.  Benson. 

James,  C.  B.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
James,  G.  W.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Janssen,  H.,  blacksmith ;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Johnson,  H.  F.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Janssen,  J.,  farmer  ;  P.  O.  Benson. 
Jacobs,  A.  G.,  P.  0.  Benson. 
Jacobs  &  Jungman,  P.  0.  Benson. 
Jacobs,  Lammert,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Janssen,  H.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
James,  Susan  E.,  P.  0.  Minonk. 

KNAPP,    Jacob,  farmer;   P.  0.  Mi- 
nonk. 
Koehler,  Paul,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
Knapp,  Michael,  farmer;   P.  0.  Minonk. 
Korner,  E.  A.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Kohl,  Jacob,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Kohl,  Fred.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Kulb,  Matthias,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Koch,  Michael,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Kirby,  J.  B.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Kalkwarf,  H.  D.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Kindig,  J.  J.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Kindig,  H.  H.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Koeke,  August,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Kalkwarf,  Jno.,  farmer;  P.  O.  Benson. 
Kerrick,  A.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Belle  Plain. 

LORALLE,   PETER,   farmer ;   P.  0. 
Minonk. 
Lee,  C.  T.,  nurseryman;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

LEARNED,  FRANK  D.,  drug- 
gist ;  P.  0.  Benson  ;  born  in  Cheshire 
Co..   N.   H.,  Nov.   15,   1831  ;  came  to 
1       lliinnis  in  1855,  locating  at  Amboy,  Lee 


CLAYTON  TOWNSHIP. 


591 


Co.;  removed  to  Clayton  Tp.,  Woodford 
Co.,  in  1858;  owns  160  acres  of  land 
in  Kansas,  valued  at  $1,600  ;  has  served 
as  Justice  of  the  Peace  since  1865,  and 
Town  Clerk  one  or  two  terms.  Married 
in  1861  to  Miss  Rose  E.  Fisher;  she 
was  born  in  Vermont ;  three  children, 
two  living — Frank  E.  and  Grant  S. ; 
lost  one,  Lydia  E.,  died  at  Dover,  Del., 
Oct.  1,  1876. 

Livingston,  M.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Lee,  Richard  D.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.   Benson. 

Leineweber,  Jos.,  carpenter  ;  P.  O.  Benson. 

Lauenstein,  Chas.,  watchmkr.;  P.O.Benson. 

Lee.  Wm.  C,  nurseryman;  P.O.  Minonk. 

LOHNES,  HENRY,  farmer;  Sec. 
22  ;  P,  0.  Minonk  ;  born  in  Rensselaer 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Dec.  11,  1827;  came  to 
Illinois  in  1857  and  bought  land,  locat- 
ing in  Clayton  Tp.,  this  county,  in  the 
Spring  of  1858  ;  owns  400  acres,  valued 
at  $20,000 ;  has  held  the  offices  of 
Town  Clerk,  Supervisor,  Justice  of  the 
Peace,  and  other  minor  offices.  Married 
in  1860  to  Miss  Ophelia  V.  Worthing- 
ton.  She  was  born  in  Virginia;  six 
children — Lida,  Minnie,  Edna,  Herbert 
H.,  Nettie  and  Ella. 

LIVINGSTON, PHILIP  P.,  Sr., 

fiirmer  ;  Sec.  7  ;  P.  0.  Minonk  ;  born 
in  Merrimack  Co.,  N.  H.,  Feb.  12, 1840. 
Removed  to  Illinois  m  the  Spring  of 
1854,  locating  in  Clayton  Tp.,  this 
county.  His  father,  James  Livingston, 
built  the  second  dwelling  in  the  town- 
ship ;  owns  40  acres  of  land,  valued 
at  82,000  ;  served  as  Assessor  one  year, 
Town  Clerk  three  years,  and  lias  held 
other  minor  offices.  Enlisted  in  May, 
1861,  in  the  17th  111.  Inf. ;  mustered  out 
in  June,  1864.  Married  in  1865  to 
Miss  Mary  A.  McCune.  She  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania;  five  children — Elinor 
M.,  Robert  McC,  Philip  F.,  Jr.,  Fannie, 
Nancy. 

LIVINGSTON,  NATHANIEL, 

farmer;  Sec.  7  ;  P.  0.  Minonk  ;  born  in 
Merrimack  Co.,  N.  H.,  June  18,  1842. 
Removed  to  Illinois  in  Spring  of  1854, 
locating  on  the  farm  where  he  now 
resides,  consisting  of  121  acres,  valued 
at  $6,000 ;  owned  by  his  father,  James 
Livingston.  Has  served  as  Assessor 
and  Collector.  Married  in  Nov.,  1865, 
to  Miss  Caroline  McCune.  She  was 
born    in    Pennsylvania ;    six    children, 


three  living — Irena  M.,  Berth,  James 
E. ;  lost  three;  James  died  in  1867; 
Martha    E.   in    1870,   and   Robert   W. 

in  1877. 
ny /TANLEY,  JNO.,  farmer;  P.  O.Ben- 

Mehary,  Jas.,  farmer  ;    P.  0.  Minonk. 

McChiSncy,  E.  L.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

McGrail,  James,  farmer;  P.  0.  Woodford. 

Martens,  Martin,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

May,  Fredric,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Meharry,  Rebecca,   P.  0.  Minonk. 

McChesney,  Jas.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

McChesney,  Jacob,  far.;   P.  0.  Minonk. 

MEHARRY,  JOSIAH  D.,  ft^rmer; 
See.  9  ;  P.  0.  Minonk  ;  born  in  Brown  Co., 
Ohio,  April  16,  1841  ;  came  to  Illinois 
in  the  Spring  of  1854,  locating  in  Mar- 
shall Co.  ;  removed  to  Clayton  Town- 
ship, his  present  home,  in  1850  ;  owns 
40  acres  of  land,  valued  at  $2,000 ; 
served  as  Town  Collector  two  terms  ;  en- 
listed in  the  44th  111.  Inf.  in  1864; 
mustered  out  in  1865  ;  married  in  1877 
to  Miss  Rosanna  A.  Center  ;  she  was 
born  in  Menard  Co.,  111.  One  child — ■ 
Euclid  M. 

Morits,  Geo.,  farmer,  P.  O.  Benson. 

Maxwell,  W.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Morits,  H.  S.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Menke,  Wm.,  shoemaker;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Minnehan,  Patrick,  far.  ;  P.  O.  Woodford. 

Mammer,  H.  B.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.   Minonk. 

Miller,  J.  B.,  &  Co.,  grain  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Minnehan,  Catherine,  P.  0.  Woodford. 

OTTMANS,    JUNO,   farmer;    P.  0. 
Benson. 
Otto,  Henry  S.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

PHILLIPS,     NICHOLAS,    farmer  ; 
P.  0    Benson. 
Petri,  Peter,  merchant;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Peterson,  D.  C,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Parr,  John,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Peterson,  Philip,  farmer ;  P.  O.  Benson. 
Parker,  Thomas,  plasterer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Parks,  Alva,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
i   Parks,  Homer,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Minonk. 

RHODES,    CHRIST.,  farmer;   P.  0. 
Benson. 
Rients,  Tjark,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
!   Roth,  Jacob,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Rufing,  A.  A.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Redinius,  J.  0.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
:   Reustmann,  F.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 
I  Roth,  Christolph,  farmer;  P.  0.  Ben.son. 
I   Rudd,  J.  W.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 


592 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY; 


RICKER,  HIRAM  B.,  farmer ; 
Sec.  S  ;  P.  0.  Minonk  ;  born  in  Salem, 
Mass.,  Feb.  16,  1842;  removed  to  Illi- 
noLS  in  the  Fall  of  1857,  locating  in 
Clayton  Tp.,  this  county  ;  served  several 
years  as  Assessor  and  Collector,  and  has 
held  other  minor  offices.  Manned  in 
Oct.,  18G5,  to  Miss  Lucinda  S.  Living- 
ston. She  was  born  in  New  Hampshire ; 
five  children,  four  living — Eliza  M., 
Nealy  M.,  Harriett  and  Charlotte. 
James  N.  died  in  1870.  Mr.  R.  en- 
listed in  the  17th  Illinois  Inf.  in  May, 
18P)1  :  mustered  out  in  June,  186-i. 

ROGERS,  ALMA,  farmer  ;  Sec.  11  ; 
P.  0.  Minonk  ;  born  in  Holmes  Co.,  0., 
Sept.  30,  1837;  removed  to  Illinois  in 
early  childhood  with  his  parents,  who 
settled  in  Marshall  Co.  in  the  Fall  of 
1840;  came  to  Woodford  Co.  in  1861, 
locating  in  Clayton  Tp. ;  owns  400 
acres  of  land,  valued  at  824,000  ;  has 
served  as  Supervisor,  Assessor,  Justice 
of  the  Peace  and  Town  Clerk ;  enlisted 
in  August,  1862,  in  the  77th  111.  Inf. ; 
received  gun-shot  wound  in  the  head 
(ball  still  remaining)  at  the  a.ssault  on 
Vicksburg  May  22,  1863,  causing  his 
di.^oharge  in  the  following  July.  Mar- 
ried Dec.  15,  1864,  to  Miss  Joanna 
Kerriek.  She  was  born  in  Decatur  Co., 
Ind.,  May  22,  1841;  five  children- 
Alice  C,  Cassius  C,  Phebe  and  Jose- 

RENNE,    JEROME    B.,    P.   0. 

Benson  ;  Justice  of  the  Peace,  Notary 
Public,  real  estate,  collecting  and  in- 
surance agent  and  general  auctioneer, 
Benson,  111.  Born  in  Cairo.  Greene  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Nov.  12,  1841  ;  came  to  Illinois 
in  early  childhood  with  his  parents,  who 
settled  in  Grundy  Co.,  near  Morris ; 
enlisted  in  the  53d  111.  Inf.  in  1861  ; 
mustered  out  Aug.  25,  1865,  and  pro- 
moted to  Second  Lieutenant  in  1864; 
was  in  battles  at  Shiloh,  siege  of  Corinth, 
Hatchie  River,  siege  of  Vicksburg, 
Jackson.  Miss.,  Grand  Gulf,  Port  Gib- 
son, Natchez,  siege  uf  Kenesaw  Moun- 
tain. Atlanta,  and  other  battles  partici- 
pated in  by  Sherman's  army  on  their 
march  to  the  sea. 

SLEMMONS,  D.  M.,  physician;  P.  0. 
Benson. 
Snyder,  Jos.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Schlicker,  Jacob,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 


Swan,  Simon,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Saathoff,  E.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Schmidt,  Harm,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Spitser.  C.  H.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Schmidt.  Siefke  U..  far.;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

STAPLES,  ISAAC,  far.;  Sec.  12; 
P.  0.  Minonk  ;  born  in  the  State  of  New 
York.  Oct.  12, 1842  ;  removed  t.>  Illinois 
in  1857,  locating  in  Henry,  Marshall 
County ;  came  to  Clayton  Township, 
this  county,  in  1858  ;  owns  80  acres  of 
land,  valued  at  84,000  ;  married  Feb. 
21,  1869,  to  Miss  Mary  E.  Smalldon  ; 
she  was  born  in  Genesee  Co.,  N.  Y. 

Shuck,  Jacob,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Stimbert,  Phillip,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Sauer  ct  Holland,  dry  goods ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Shields,  James,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Spanjor,  W.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Schroder,  Jacob,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Schlicker,  Jno.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Schlicker.  Wm.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 

SLEMMONS,  DANIEL    McL, 

physician  and  siirgeon  ;  P.  0.  Benson  ; 
born  in  Cadiz,  Harrison  Co.,  Ohio,  Aug. 
5,  1842;  removed  to  Illinois  in  1852, 
locating  in  Metamora  Township,  this 
county  ;  received  his  collegiate  prepara- 
tory education  at  Hayesville  Institute, 
Hayesville,  Ohio,  and  his  collegiate  ed- 
ucation at  Monmouth  College,  Mon- 
mouth, 111.;  attended  one  course  of  lec- 
tures at  the  Ohio  Medical  College,  Cin- 
cinnati, Ohio,  and  two  courses  at  Rush 
Medical  College,  Chicago,  where  he 
graduated  in  1873.  After  graduating, 
spent  four  months  in  Cook  County  Hos- 
pital, taking  a  special  course  in  physical 
diatrnosis.  and  at  its  close  receiving:  a 
certificate  of  satisfactory  examination ; 
removed  to  Benson,  his  present  home, 
Aug.  9,  1873 ;  is  a  member  of  the 
Woodford  County  Medical  Association, 
also  of  the  North  Central  Medical 
Association.  Married,  in  1874,  to  Miss 
Grace  ]\I.  McFarlane  :  she  was  born  in 
Scotland  ;  one  child — Maggie  May. 

Schlosser,  F.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  3Iiuonk. 

Schlos.<er,  Charles,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Spanjer,  F.  G.,  farmer ;  P.  O.  Minonk. 

Sands,  Charles,  preacher ;  P.O.  Belle  Plain. 

Siebens,  S.  G..  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Schnell,  Klaus,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Siebens,  K.  G.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Sloan,  Armstead,  farmer  :  P.  0.  Minonk. 

Stimbert,  C,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 


CLAYTON  TOWNSHIP. 


593 


STAPLES,  LEWIS,  farmer;  Sec.  8,   | 

P.  0.  Minonk ;   born  in  Newburg,  Or- 
ange Co.,  N.  Y.,  May  16,  1845;  came 

to  Illinois  in  the  Fall  of  1855,  locating 

in  Marshall  Co.  ;  removed  to  the  farm 

where  he  now    resides  in   the   Fall   of 

1857  ;  owns  80  acres  of  land,  valued  at  ' 

$4,000.   Married  in  1865  to  Miss  Mary 

Mitchell  ;  she  was  born  in  Indiana ;  died 

in    May,    1867;    one    child — Eva    C. ; 

died  in  August  of  that  year  ;  was  again   I 

married  in  1873  to  Eliza  J.  Frampton  ; 

she  was  born  in  Wayne  Co.,  Pa. ;  two 

children — Walter  L.  and  Minnie  E. 
Saathoff,  H.  A.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Sullivan,  Lott,  farmer;   P.  0.  Minonk. 
Schmidt,  J.  M.  &  Bro.,  millwrights ;  P.  O. 

Benson.  1 

Schmidt,  Geo.  M.,  millwright ;  P.  0.  Ben-  ! 

son.  j 

Smilie,  W.  R.,  laborer  ;  P.  0.  Benson.  I 

Sasgerman,  Henry,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
SHUCK,     JACOB,    Sr.,     farmer;   j 

Sec.  15;   P.  O.  Minonk;   born  in  Ba-  ' 

varia,  Germany,  Aug.  16,  1823;  came  ' 

to    this    country   in    1837,   locating  in   | 

Worth    Tp.,  this    county ;    bought   the   | 

farm  on  which  he  now  resides  frum  the  i 

Government  in  1854,  and  moved  on  to 

it  in  1864;    owns   501    acres   of  land, 

valued   at  $22,500  ;    served   as   Super- 
visor one  term.     Married  Oct.  12, 1856, 

to  Miss  Magdalenalmhof ;  she  was  born 

in    Hamilton  Co.,  0.      Nine  children, 

eight  living — Jacob,  Jr.,  born  Nov.  22, 

1858;    George,    Feb.   7,   1861;  Mary, 

Sept.  26,  1862;  John,  Dec.  21,  1864; 

Catherine,  Aug.  4,  1867 ;   Susan,  Feb. 

25,  1871 ;  William,  July  1,  1873  ;  Min- 
nie, June  1,  1876  ;  Louis  was  born  May 

14,  1869,  died  May  7,  1870. 

TIMMERMAN,  PETER,  farmer;    P. 
0.  Minonk. 
Tallyn,  Joseph,  farmer  ;    P.  0.  Benson. 
Tallyn,  Susan,  farming  ;   P.  0.  Benson. 
Timmerman,    Hermann,    farmer ;     P.   0. 

Minonk. 
Tamman,  Henry,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 
Tamman,  T.  E.,  farmer;    P.    O.    Minonk. 
Tjaden,  Hilbrand,  saloon  ;  'P.  0.  Benson. 
"TTDEN  A.,  farmer;  P.'O.  Minonk. 

Uphoff,  Jno.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Benson. 

Uden,  E.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.   Minonk. 

Uphoff,  F.  M.,  Constable;  P.  0.  Benson.  1832;    two 

Uphoff,  W.  W.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson.  Charles  G. 


UPHOFF,  JOHN  W.,  farmer; 
Sec.  17  ;  P.  0.  Benson  ;  born  in  Han- 
over, Germany,  Jan.  28,  1844;  came 
to  this  country  in  1854  or  '55,  locating 
in  Peoria,  111.  ;  removed  to  Clayton 
Township,  this  county,  in  May,  1857  ; 
owns  160  acres  of  land,  valued  at  $8,- 
000;  has  held  the  offices  of  Collector 
and  School  Director  ;  married  in  1867, 
to  Miss  Fentje  Saathoff;  she  was  born 
in  Hanover,  Germany.  Four  children 
— Weet  J.,  Otte  J.,  Benhard  J.,  Folke  J. 

YOSBERG,  FREDERICK,  farmer; 
P.  0.  Benson. 
Van  Behren,  F.  W.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

WATERMAN,  C.  P.,  farmer  ;   P.  0. 
Minonk. 
Whipple,  Francis,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Minonk. 

W  YM  AN,  FREDERICK  H.,  for.; 

Sec.  23 ;  P.  0.  Minonk ;  born  in  Han- 
over, Germany,  Sept.  2,  1832  ;  came  to 
this  country  in  1852,  locating  in  Peoria 
County,  111.;  resided  in  El  Paso  Town- 
ship, this  county,  from  1859  to  1862  ; 
came  to  his  present  home  in  the  Spring 
of  1866  ;  owns  80  acres  of  land,  valued 
at  $4,000  ;  married,  in  1855,  to  Miss 
Clara  M.  Clauson ;  she  was  born  in 
Hanover,  Germany,  Aug.  11,  1831  ; 
nine  children — Gaska,  Lewis,  John,  Na- 
than, Harm,  Claus,  Wallrich,  Garrelt 
and  Christian. 

Warnkes,  And'w,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Waltzen,  Jno.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Benson. 

Warnkes,  E.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Williams,  A.  J.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Westerman,  Gook,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Wolf  king.  First,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Walsmith,  Peter,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Benson. 

Weast,  Barbara,  milliner ;   P.  0.  Benson. 

WINETEER,    ROBERT   F., 

farmer  ;  Sec.  3  ;  P.  0.  Minonk  ;  born 
in  Orange  Co.,  Ind.,  April  8,  1834 ; 
came  to  Illinois  in  early  childhood,  with 
his  parents,  who  settled  in  Marshall 
County  in  the  Spring  of  1835.  The 
subject  of  this  sketch  moved  to  his 
present  home  in  the  Spring  of  1858  ; 
owns  250  acres  of  land,  valued  at  $17,- 
000  ;  has  served  as  Supervisor,  Assessor, 
Justice  of  the  Peace,  and  held  other 
minor  offices.  Married  in  Oct.,  1857, 
to  Miss  Hester  Ann  Rogers;  she  was 
born   in   Holmes   Co.,  Ohio,    Feb.    26, 


children — Flora    E.     and 


594 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY : 


WE  AST,  JOHN,  farmer;  p.  0.  Ben- 
son ;  born  in  Worth  Township,  this  Co., 
April  20,  184G ;  removed  to  Clayton 
Township  in  the  Spring  of  1864.  The 
town  of  Benson  was  laid  out  by  Mr. 
Weast,  who  owned  the  land  on  which 
the  town  is  located,  on  the  22d  day  of 
Feb.,  1873.  His  addition  to  the  town 
was  platted  and  surveyed  April  3,  1874  ; 

■  he  has  served  as  Com.  of  Highways  and 
School  Trustee  ;  married  in  Feb.,  1866, 
to  Miss  Mary  Summer  ;  she  was  born  in 
Worth  Township  ;  four  children — Su- 
sanna F.,  Jacob  P.,  Joseph  W.  -and 
John  F. 


Waltzen,  Henry,  merchant;  P.  0.  Ben.son. 
Willms,  Theo.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Minonk. 
^ILM,  LOUIS,  farmer;  P.  0.  Benson. 

ZINSER,  BEN  J.  F.  (Abrahams  & 
Zinser),  hardware  and  agricultural  imple- 
ments: P.O.  Benson;  born  in  AVashington, 
Tazewell  Co.,  111.,  Dec.  26,  1851  ;  re- 
moved to  Benson,  his  present  home,  in 
May,  1874  ;  is  now  serving  as  Clerk  of 
Clayton  Township.  Mr.  Zinser  repre- 
sents the  Continental  Fire  Insurance  Co. 
of  N.  Y.,  which  at  the  close  of  the  year 
1877  shows  over  §3,000,000  assets,  and 
nearly  SI, 000,000  surplus. 


OLIO    TOWNSHIP. 


ALLEN,    J.    M.,      preacher;    P.    0. 
Eureka. 

Allen,  W.  S.,  lumberman  :  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Adams,  S.  B.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Adams,  Lucinda,    P.  0.  Eureka. 

Adams.     Sheldon,    farm  hand ;       P.     0. 
Eureka. 

Anthony,  G.  W.,blksmith;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Arnold,  J.  W.,  retired  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Anthony,  J.  M.,  blksmith;  P.O.  Fureka. 

Alvord,  Miss  F.,  millinery;  P.O.  Eureka. 

Armstronir,  Mary  J.,    P.  0.  Eureka. 

Allison,  Mrs.  C.  T.,    P.  0.  Eureka. 

Avers,  J.  C.,  farmer;  P.  0.   Eureka. 

Arnett,  A.  J.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Albriiiht,  Jacob,    j&rmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

ARNETT,  SIMEON,  farmer;  P. 
0.  Eureka  ;  the  above  named  gentle- 
man was  born  in  Washington  Co.,  Va., 
Aug.  13,  1814;  of  Irish  and  Swiss 
parents.  With  his  uncle  they  moved 
to  Marshall  Co.,  Va. ;  here  he  was 
bound  out  to  learn  the  tailoring  busi- 
ness in  Wheeling,  W.  Ya. ;  he  remained 
here  but  two  years ;  not  liking  the 
place,  he  left,  and  walked  to  Pennsyl- 
vania;  he  remained  there  about  two 
years;  returned  to  Randolph,  Ya.,  in 
1831,  thence  to  Lewisburg,  Fincastle, 
Scottsville,  75  milf'S  above  Richmond, 
Ya.,  then  to  Charlotteville;  in  1832,  he  I 
walked  over  the  Alleghany  Mountains  ; 
at  that  time  the  country  was  very  wild, 
plenty  of  wild   bear,  and  very   cross  at 


that  season  of  the  year,  at  Beverly, 
Clarksburgh.  Marietta,  and  Pittsburgh, 
Pa.  ;  he  returned  home  to  Marshall  Co., 
Ya..  and  settled  down.  Oct.  16,  1836, 
he  married  Miss  Elizabeth  Ward, 
daughter  of  William  and  Margaret 
Ward;  here  he  remained  until  1854, 
engaged  at  his  trade,  tailoring ;  he  took 
a  great  interest  in  the  State  militia ; 
was  Colonel  of  the  134th  Yirginia  Mi- 
litia, also  Justice  of  the  Peace;  in  1854 
with  his  wife  and  six  children  he  emi- 
grated West  and  settled  in  Clayton  Co., 
Iowa;  at  one  time  he  owned  l.OOO 
acres  of  fine  land,  but  not  liking  the 
climate  he  sold  out  and  moved  to  Illi- 
nois and  settled  on  the  place  he  now 
lives  on  ;  in  May,  1856,  he  first  pur- 
chased 190  acres  of  land  ;  to-day  he 
owns  a  fine  improved  farm  of  501  acres. 
Socially  he  has  a  pleasing  address  and 
genial  manner  that  wins  the  respect  of 
all;  in  1876,  he  made  a  trip  to  the 
Centennial  at  Philadelphia ;  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Methodist  Church  since 
1833 ;  Republican  in  politics  ;  seven 
children ;  his  son-in-law,  Marion 
Moore,  was  in  the  late  war  and  was- 
killed  in   battle  near  Mobile. 

Brockett.  L.  M.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Bullock,  W.  S.,  farmer;  P.O.  Secor. 

Blanchard,  Thos.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Bentley,  James,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Barny,  Reuben,  P.  0.  Eureka. 


OLIO   TOWNSHIP. 


595 


BECHTEL,  FRED,  farmer  ;  P.  0. 
Eureka.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was 
born  in  Gei'many,  in  1834;  came  to 
America  in  1851,  and  landed  in  New 
York,  where  he  remained  for  one  year ; 
thence  to  Cincinnati  and  Hamilton,  0., 
where  he  was  engaged  at  his  trade,  as 
baker ;  from  here  he  came  to  Illinois, 
and  settled  in  Tazewell  Co.,  thence  to 
Woodford  Co.,  in  1857 ;  married  in 
18G0,  to  Miss  Annie  Lebengood,  of 
Switzerland.  Four  children — Fred  W., 
Lizzie  M.,  Samuel,  Emma.  Mr.  Bech- 
tel  owns  a  fine  impi-oved  farm  of  344 
acres,  one  of  the  finest  farms  in  Wood- 
ford Co ;  his  parents  are  both  dead. 
Father  died  when  Mr.  Bechtel  was 
quite  young,  leaving  him  to  carve  out  a 
living ;  to-day,  he  is  one  of  the  success- 
ful farmers  of  Woodford  Co. 

BELSLEY,  PETER  M.,  farmer, 
p.  0.  Secor ;  was  born  neai*  Spring 
Bay,  Woodford  Co.,  Ill,  Sept.  15,  1844, 
and  is  the  son  of  Michael  and  Phoebe 
R.  Belsley,  who  were  among  the  early 
settlers  of  Woodford  Co.  ;  they  moved 
to  Tazewell  Co.,  and  settled  near  Mor- 
ton ;  he  married  Miss  Margaret  Kauf- 
man ;  then  moved  to  Livingston  Co., 
111.,  engaged  in  farming,  thence  to 
Woodford  Co.,  and  settled  on  place  that 
he  now  lives  on,  in  1875  ;  his  father, 
Michael  Belsley,  is  still  living  in  Taze- 
well Co  ;  mother  died  about  1853.  Two 
children — Emma  and  Magdalene. 

BLAIR,  ALEXANDER,  proprie- 
tor Eureka  Hotel,  Eureka ;  was  born 
in  Barren  Co.,  Ky.,  May  5,  1821  ;  son 
of  Andrew  B.  and  Sarah  B.  Blair ; 
father  from  Kentucky,  mother  from 
Virginia  ;  at  the  age  of  10,  with  his 
father  and  family,  they  moved  to  Madi- 
son Co.,  111.,  and  remained  there  until 
184G,  when  he  moved  to  Woodford 
Co.  ;  here  he  has  remained  ever  since. 
In  1861,  he  moved  to  Eureka,  and  in 
1877  commenced  the  hotel  business — 
Eureka  Hotel.  The  first  thing  of  im- 
portance to  point  out  to  the  public  is  a 
good  hotel  at  which  to  stop  and  refresh 
satisfactorily  the  wants  of  the  inner 
man,  and  this  can  conscientiously  be 
said  in  naming  the  Eureka  Hotel.  Mr. 
Blair  married  Miss  Martha  P.  Watkins, 
of  111.  Four  children— William  IL, 
attorney  at   law,  Indianapolis ;    Emma, 


married  John  Magarity ;  Edward  A.> 
clerk  of  hotel,  and  James  A.  Demo- 
crat in  politics. 

Baird,  J.  W.,  carpenter;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Banta,  Jacob,  stock  dealer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Buford,  J.  E.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Burton,    Sylvester,    fruit   grower  ;    P.   0. 
Eureka. 

Barney,  Gr.  L.,  engineer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Benson,  Mrs.  P.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Brooks,  P.  T.,  retired ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Bentley,  M.  A.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Brown,  Horace,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Boggs,  Laura  M.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Boggs,  Fannie,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

BULLOCK,  THOS.,  Sr.,  farmer; 
p.  0.  Eureka.  The  above  named  gen- 
tleman is  one  of  the  best  known,  and 
one  of  the  oldest  settlers  of  Woodford 
Co.  On  the  27th  of  Feb.,  1841,  a 
bill  was  approved  by  the  Governor, 
entitled  an  act  for  the  formation  of 
the  county  of  Woodford,  and  this  name 
was  selected  by  Uncle  Tom  to  perpetuate 
the  remembrance  of  his  old  native 
county  in  Kentucky.  He  was  born  in 
Woodford  Co.,  Ky.,  July  27,  1803;  is 
the  son  of  Thomas  and  Lucy  (Redd) 
Bullock.  He  remained  at  his  native 
State  until  Oct.,  1835,  and  then  started 
for  Illinois  with  his  wife  and  children  in 
a  two-ox  wagon  and  a  two-horse  "  carry- 
all;"  arrived  Oct.  20th,  1835,  taking 
them  about  eighteen  days  in  making 
the  trip.  He  first  lived  in  a  log  cabin 
near  the  present  home.  He  afterward 
built  this  building  and  moved  in.  When 
he  first  came  here,  he  purchased  3G0 
acres,  and  paid  $1.25  to  $12.50  per 
acre ;  to-day  owns  a  fine  farm  of  420 
acres,  valued  at  $65  per  acre.  He  mar- 
ried Mi.ss  Agnes  Ware,  of  Kentucky^ 
born  Nov.  16,  1806,  daughter  of  Samuel 
and  Elizabeth  R.  Ware;  married  1824; 
thirteen  children,  nine  living — Lucy, 
born  Sept.  28,  1825;  Jas.  P.,  born 
May  24, 1829  ;  William  S.,  born  May  12, 
1827;  Thomas,  born  Aug.  15,  1831; 
Elizabeth,  born  Jan.  25,  1834 ;  Henry 
S.,  born  April  16,  1836;  Mary,  born 
April  14,  1840;  Chas.  B.,  born  July 
18,  1842;  Horace  B.,  born  July  4, 
1847. 

Baldwin,  John,  P.  0.  J]ureka. 

Black,  John,  carpenter ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Burton,  Josephus,  vineyard;  P.  0.  Eureka. 


596 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


Blair,  D.  M.,  clerk  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Baird,   H.  C,  real  estate  and  insurance ; 

P.  0.  Eureka. 
Blair.  M.  R.,  P.  O.  Eureka. 
Baird,  A.  V.  S.,  clerk ;  P.  O.  Eureka. 

BRIGGS,  JAS.  ALBERT,  attor- 

ney;  P.  0.  Eureka.  The  subject  of  this 
sketch  is  one  of  the  best  known  and  highly 
regarded  attorneys  of  Woodford  Co. ;  was 
born  in  Willet,  Cortland  Co.,  N.  Y., 
Feb.  12,  1839;  is  the  son  of  John  and 
Margaret  (Jones)  Briggs  ;  his  father  was 
a  farmer  and  speculator  ;  is  the  youngest 
of  a  family  of  eight  children;  at  17 
years  of  age  he  started  for  Illinois  with  S3 
in  his  pocket;  he  first  stopped  at  Na- 
perville,  111.,  and  entered  the  law  office  of 
Vallett  &  Cody  as  an  office  clerk  ;  here 
he  devoted  his  attention  to  the  study  of 
law;  in  1859  he  was  admitted  to  prac- 
tice law  at  the  Illinois  bar  ;  here  he  saved 
S600,  and  with  this  amount  he  entered 
the  Commercial  College  of  Bell.  Bryant 
&  Stratton,  of  Chicago,  also  purchased 
a  law  library ;  he  went  to  Paxton,  Ford 
Co.,  111.,  and  opened  the  first  law  office 
in  Ford  Co.,  in  company  with  Daniel  S. 
Morse ;  he  remained  there  but  a  short 
time  ;  from  there  he  came  to  Eureka — in 
18G0 — and  commenced  the  practice  of 
law;  in  1867  entered  partnership  with 
Col.  Bazel  D.  Meek,  and  to-day  Messrs. 
Briggs  &  Meek  rank  high  at  the  Illinois 
bar  ;  Mr.  Briggs'  ambition  is  to  distin- 
guish himself  in  his  chosen  profession, 
and  particularly  as  an  advocate.  To 
this  object  he  bends  all  his  energies.  He 
understands  well  the  importance  of  thor- 
oughness of  preparation,  and  he  never 
enters  a  court  room  with  a  case  without 
feeing  thorouglily  equipped  for  its  presen- 
tation. He  studies  it  from  both  stand- 
points, and  is  as  ready  to  meet  and  repel 
the  arguments  of  opposing  counsel  as  to 
press  his  own.  It  is  this  thoroughness 
that  makes  him  ready  for  the  most  un- 
expected emergency  that  may  arise  in  the 
course  of  a  trial.  Mr.  Briggs  in  his 
political  opinions  is  Democratic;  is  a 
member  of  the  Christian  Church.  So- 
cially he  has  a  pleasing  address  and 
genial  manners  that  win  the  respect  of 
all.  Married  March  6th,  1861,  to  Miss 
Mary  E.  Meek,  daughter  of  Henry  and 
Theny  Meek  ;  two  children — James  P. 
and  Zua  Irene. 


Burton,  Mrs.  M.  W.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Benson,  L.  E.,  retired  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Berg,  Phillip,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

Bullington,  Jno.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Bullock,  W.  M.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

Boudman.  Albert,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Berkv,  Christian,  farmer;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

BLACK,  ISAAC,  retired  farmer; 
P.  0.  Eureka.  The  above  named  gen- 
tleman is  one  of  the  oldest  settlers  of 
Woodford  Co.  ;  was  born  in  Kentucky, 
Dec.  13,  1807.  His  parents  are 
John  and  Nancv  C Lewis  i  Black,  who 
were  born  in  Virginia.  When  quite 
young,  he  moved  with  his  father  to 
Wayne  Co.,  111.,  where  they  remained 
about  four  years.  In  1831,  he  arrived 
with  his  wife  and  settled  in  Woodford 
Co.,  near  Mt.  Zion,  where  he  rented  a 
farm  and  commenced  farming.  He  aft- 
erward purchased  a  farm  of  40  acres 
in  Marshall,  and  farmed  there  fur  some 
time ;  was  engaged  in  keeping  a  hotel 
in  Washburn  about  four  years,  thence 
to  Eureka,  where  he  has  been  for  the 
last  ten  years.  Married  Elizabeth  Baugh, 
of  Kentuckv,  dauirhter  of  P.  Baugh. 
Eight  children  —  John,  Polly  Ann, 
James,  Daniel,  George,  Nancy,  Palmer, 
Rosey.  Memberof  the  Christian  Church 
In  his  political  opinions  he  is  a  Green-. 

nfiolv  PI* 

BURNHAM,  JERRY  A.,  farmer; 
P.  0.  Eureka;  was  born  in  Athens  Co., 
0.,  May  6,  1822  ;  is  the  son  of  Ira  and 
Annie  (Newton)  Burnham,  who  were 
among  the  early  settlers  of  Ohio,  having 
made  their  home  there  in  1817.  He 
remained  on  his  father's  farm  until  he 
was  21  years  old ;  he  then  went  to  Illi- 
nois, and  settled  in  Washington,  Taze- 
well Co.,  in  1843  ;  here  he  remained  un- 
til 1864,  engaged  in  farming,  thence  to 
Woodford  Co.,  and  settled  on  the  place 
he  now  lives  on  ;  here  he  has  remained 
ever  since.  Married  in  1852  to  Miss 
Mary  Elizabeth  Handley,  of  Ohio,  who 
was  born  Aug.  15,  1830,  an-i  is  the 
daughter  of  Isaac  and  Elizabeth  Hand- 
ley.  Seven  children — Isaac  Henry. 
Martha,  married  W.  T.  Ward ;  Sarah 
Alice,  married  Robert  Gresham  ;  Charles 
R.,  Annie  T.,  Ira  Ulysses,  John  A.  Is  a 
member  of  the  3Iethodist  Church.  Re- 
publican in  politics.  Owns  130  acres  of 
fiu'"  land. 


OLIO  TOWNSHIP. 


597 


Bullock,  Thomas,  Jr.,   Cashier  Davison's 
Bank  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
iLARK,  C.  M.  Mrs.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 


o 


Crawford.  N.  B.,  phys. ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Cripps,  James,  teamster ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Collins,  Wm.,  laborer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Christoff,  John,  gardener ;    P.  0.  Eureka. 
Clark,  Isabella,  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Carson,  John,  carpenter ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Cooper,  J.  H.,  brickyard;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Cragg.  John,  laborer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Chittock,  Kebecca,  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Copp.  J.  C,  laborer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Colsen.  C  T.,  music  store;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Claywell,  Geo.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

CALLENDER,  GEO.,  far  ;  P  0. 

Eureka;  was  born  in  Edinburgh, Scotland, 
in  1807  ;  son  of  Thomas  and  Marion  B. 
Callender.      From   his  native   home  he 
went   to   Glasgow,   where  he  remained 
about   one   year,    thence  to    Liverpool, 
where  he  remained  eight  years,  engaged 
in   the   mercantile  business.     In  1852, 
he  came  to  America  and  direct  to  Wood- 
ford Co.,  where  he  commenced  farming. 
Mr.  Callender  was,  at  one  time.  Presi- 
dent of  the  Eureka  College ;  with  this 
exception,  he  has  been  engaged  in  farm- 
ing ever  since  he  came  to  America.    He 
is  a  member  of  the  Christian  Church. 
Socially,  he  has  a  pleasing  address  and 
genial  manners  that  win  the  respect  of 
all.      He    married    Mrs.    Dunlap  ;     two 
children  living. 
CHRITTON,  ROBT.   B.,  proprie- 
tor   Eureka  flour-mill ;  P.    0.  Eureka. 
The    Eureka  flour-mill  is    a    merchant 
and    custom    mill,    and    is    one    of  the 
largest  flour-mills  in  Woodford  Co.;  was 
built  by  a  company  in  1856,  with  saw- 
mill attached,  at  a  cost  of  822,000  ;  has 
three  run  of  stones,  steam  power,  two 
boilers,  with  a  55-horse   power  engine. 
The    main   building  is  36  by  48   feet, 
three   and  a  half  stories  high,  with  a 
capacity  for  manufacturing  sixty  barrels 
of  flour   per  day.      Mr.    Chritton   is   a 
native  of  Indiana,  and  has  had  over  25 
years"  experience  in  the  manufacturing 
of  flour.     The  Eureka  mill  manufacture 
the    following    choice   brands  of  flour : 
Eureka  Mills  XXX ;  Royal  Mills  Ex- 
tra Family ;  United  States  XX ;  Eagle 
Mills  XXX  ;   Prairie  Flower  XX.    All 
flour  made  from  these  mills  meets  with 


ready  sale  in  Eureka  and  vicinity,  as 
preference  should  be  given  to  home  pro- 
ductions, if  equal  to  outside  off"erings. 
At  an  early  day  Mr.  Chritton  intends  to 
start  the  saw-mill  department. 

Claudins,  H.  F.,  farmer;    P.   0.   Eureka. 

Commons,©.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Culp,  Reuben,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Clymer,  Christian,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Cramond,  S.,  tailor ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

DANAHEY,  DANIEL,  coal  dealer; 
P.  0.  Eureka. 
Dicker,  Geo.,  rag  dealer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Darst,  H.  H.  stock  dealer;  P.O.  Eureka. 
Dennis,  J.  F.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Dunn,  T.  A.,  Tax  Collector  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
DeMott,  T.  H.,  undertaker  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Davis,  W.  H.,  wagon  mkr. ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Doty,  John,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

DAVENPORT,  WILLIAM  H., 

P.  0.  Eureka;  was  born  in  Christian 
Co.,  Ky.,  June  7,  1823.  His  parents 
were  William  and  P]liza  Davenport ;  at 
the  age  of  13,  he  came  with  his  father's 
family  to  Walnut  Grove  (now  Eureka), 
Woodford  Co. ;  here  he  remained  until 
his  decease,  Jan.  17.  1863.  His  father 
belonged  to  that  band  of  sturdy  pio- 
neers who  went  forth  in  an  early  day 
throughout  Southern  and  Southwestern 
Illinois  proclaiming  the  glad  news  of 
salvation.  At  the  early  age  of  19,  the 
cares  of  his  father's  entire  estate  rested 
upon  his  shoulders ;  though  his  father 
was  a  man  possessed  of  abundant  means 
at  that  time,  yet  at  his  majority  William 
found  their  splendid  beginning  swept 
away  and  himself  and  his  father's  fami- 
ly on  the  verge  of  financial  ruin  ;  se- 
curity for  friends  in  Mississippi  had 
brought  them  down.  By  his  own  per- 
sonal exertions  and  well-directed  man- 
agement he  saw,  in  a  few  years,  the  rich, 
broad  acres  of  the  old  homestead  pass- 
ing back  again  into  the  hands  of  his 
family.  He  was  a  man  quiet  and  inof- 
fensive, loved  by  all  who  knew  him. 
He  was  married  June  15,1851,  to  Mary 
J.  Willis,  a  native  of  Kentucky.  As  a 
result  of  this  union  three  children  were 
born — Edgar  A.,  Wm.  and  Frank  W. 
Edgar  A.  now  resides  at  Sheldon,  111. ; 
is  agent  for  the  T.,  P.  &  W.  and  C,  C  & 
L.  Railroads.  William  died  in  infancy. 
Frank   W.. 


a  promising  youn 


19  summers,  is  now   a 


student 

7 


man  of 
at  Ann 


598 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


Arbor,  Mich.  To  his  faithful  wife  and 
helpmate  he  left  the  management  of  his 
entire  estate,  and  so  correct  were  his 
business  ha))its  that  the  entire  cost  of 
settling  up  his  aftairs  was  but  seven 
dollars.  Though  but  forty  years  of  age 
at  the  time  of  his  decease  he  left  his 
wife  in  possession  of  800  acres  of  choice 
land,  and  personal  eifects  aggregating 
in  value  not  far  from  850,000.  His 
wife  resides  in  one  of  the  most  eligible 
residences  in  Eureka,  provided  for  her 
by  his  loving  hands. 

DARST,  JOHN,  farmer  and  stock 
raiser ;  V.  0.  Eureka.  The  subject  of 
this  sketch  was  born  in  Greene  County, 
Ohio,  Nov.  6,  1816  ;  is  the  son  of  Ja- 
cob and  Mary  (Coy)  Darst ;  he  remained 
in  his  native  State  until  1851,  when 
with  his  wife  and  six  children  he 
started  for  Illinois  in  two  wagons  and 
one  carriage,  drawn  by  horses ;  after 
being  on  the  road  about  eleven  days, 
they  arrived  at  their  destination,  taking 
up  their  residence  in  a  building  part  log 
and  part  frame  ;  he  purchased  391  acres 
of  land,  paying  for  it  85,000,  and  com- 
menced farming  in  Woodford  County. 
Mr.  Darst,  in  1856  (Jan.  1),  laid  out 
Eureka,  which  to-day  is  one  of  the 
flourishing  towns  of  Woodford  County. 
He  owns  to-day  700  acres  of  land,  is  a 
member  of  the  Christian  Church,  and 
his  political  opinions  are  Republican. 
Man-iedMi.ss  Ruhamah  Moler,  of  Greene 
Co.,  Ohio,  daughter  of  John  and  Susan 
Moler,  both  still  living  in  Greene  Co., 
Ohio  ;  father's  age  87,  and  mother's  77. 
Nine  children — Oliver  P.,  Harrison  H., 
Leo  C,  James  P.,  Henry  R.,  Frank  M., 
Susie,  George  W.,  Jacob  C.  Had  five 
sons  that  were  engaged  in  the  late  war. 

Darst,  H.  R.,  meat  market ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Denhart,  Wm.,  baker;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Darst,  L.  C,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Davidson,  W.  A.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Dennis,  J.  C,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Dickensen,  Miss  E.  J.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Davis,  J.  A.,  banker;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Darst,  R.  M.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Duce,  Minke,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Darst,  F.  M.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Davenport,  ^Irs.  M.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Doden,  H.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Dickinson,  R.  B.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Dooley,  P.  J.,  gardener;  P.  0.  Eureka. 


Dwiggins,  Narcissa,  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Dunn.  Jennie,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

DICKINSEN,  E.   W.,   PROF., 

teacher  ;  P.  0.  Eureka.  The  .subject  of 
this  sketch  was  born  in  Christian  Co., 
Ky.,  July  18th,  1835.  His  parents  are 
Elijah  and  Mary  Ann  Dickinsen.  who 
were  among  the  early  settlers  of  Wood- 
ford Co.,  IlT. ;  his  father,  Elijah  Dickin- 
sen, was  born  in  Va.  Jan.  26th,  1795  ; 
came  from  Kentucky  to  Woodford  Co., 
111.,  in  1835,  in  company  with  his  wife 
and  five  children,  and  settled  on  a  farm 
two  miles  south  of  Eureka,  where  he 
commenced  farming  ;  this  occupation  he 
followed  through  life ;  he  died  July  29, 
1862.  Mary  Ann  Dickinsen  was  born  in 
Va.  May  30,  1800  ;  died  Oct.  28.  1868. 
Prof  Dickinsen  spent  his  childhood  and 
early  youth  working  on  the  farm  from 
the  time  he  was  able  to  handle  the  axe  or 
hold  the  plow,  and  in  the  winter  g.ither- 
ina;  what  instruction  the  "district" 
school  of  the  period  could  afford  ;  was 
County  Surveyor  for  two  years ;  was  in 
the  State  of  Minnesota  for  four  years, 
engaged  in  the  flour-mill  business ;  wa< 
in  the  late  war.  member  139th  111.  V.  I., 

First  Lieutenant  in  Co. .     He  is  a 

member  of  the  Christian  Church ;  his 
political  opinions  are  Republican.  So- 
cially he  has  a  pleasing  address  and  genial 
manners  that  win  the  respect  of  all  ;  is 
one  of  the  Professors  of  the  Eureka 
College,  which  po.sition  he  has  filled  for 
the  last  two  years.  Married  Sept.  5, 
1861,  to  Miss  Annie  M.  Dennis,  daugh- 
ter of  John  C.  Dennis. 

DAMERELL,  HENRY,  boots  and 

shoes ;  P.  0.  Eureka ;  was  born  in 
Plymouth,  Denbighshire,  England,  Nov. 
20,  1826;  son  of  William  and  Susanna 
Danierell,  of  England  ;  his  father  was  a 
farmer  ;  when  Mr.  Damerell  was  but  14 
3'ears  of  age,  he  commenced  to  learn  his 
trade  as  a  boot  and  shoemaker,  and 
served  seven  years  at  the  apprenticeship ; 
in  1847,  he  sailed  for  America,  and 
landed  in  N.  Y.  City  after  being  54  days 
out  in  a  very  rough  sea ;  he  came  direct 
to  Washington,  Tazewell  Co.,  111.,  and 
commenced  his  trade — boot  and  .shoe  ; 
here  he  remained  for  ten  years,  and  in 
1857  he  came  to  Eureka  and  commenced 
business  in  a  small  building  north  of  the 
depot;     then    to    a    room    opposite    his 


OLIO  TOWNSHir. 


599 


present  store  ;  here  he  was  in  partner- 
ship with  S.  Wright;  firm  known  as 
Damerell  &  Wright ;  partnership  about 
four  years  ;  he  then  moved  to  his  present 
store,  which  to-day  is  one  of  the  largest, 
and  in  stock  the  best  assortment  of  boots 
and  shoes  in  Woodford  County,  known 
as  the  "  Big  Red  Boot"  boot  and  shoe 
store.  Married  Miss  Elizabeth  Adams, 
of  England  ;  is  a  member  of  the  Metho- 
dist Church ;  three  children,  all  dead. 
DARST,  J.  P.,  groceries ;  P.  0.  Eu- 
reka ;  was  born  in  Ohio  in  1845,  and  is 
the  son  of  John  and  Ruhamah  M.  Darst, 
who  came  to  Woodford  Co.  in  1851, 
and  settled  near  the  town  of  Eureka. 
In  1865,  Mr.  Darst  commenced  business 
in  Eureka  in  the  butcher  and  grocery 
business,  and  to-day  he  owns  one  of  the 
best  and  largest  grocery  stores  in  Eu- 
reka, stock  valued  at  $2,500.  Mr.  Darst 
was  in  the  late  war,  member  of  the 
139th  I.  V.  I.  Is  a  member  of  the 
Christian  Church,  and  a  Republican  in 
politics. 

EVANS,  JAMES,  laborer;  P.  0.  Eu- 
reka. 
Ewing,  Mrs.  M.  J.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Eastman,  W.  N.,  laborer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Eastman,  G.  N.,  laborer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Earheart,  G.  W.,  laborer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Eyman,  Mrs.  M.  D.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Eldridge,  L.  S.,  dentist;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Edgington,  W.  K.,  harness  maker;   P.  0. 

Eureka. 
Edgington,  Jno.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Evans,  H.  D.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Emmins,  Jno.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Eckert,  Peter,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

FLANNAGAN,  A.  F.,  mason;  P.  0. 
Eureka. 

Foster,  Jno.,  retired ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Foster,  Geneva,   P.  0.  Eureka. 

Frame,  J.  H.,  lallorer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Frame,  Mrs.  C.  R.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Flannagan,  J.  A.,  nurseryman  ;  P.  0.  Eu- 
reka. 

Fisher,  W.  H.,  boots  and  shoes  ;  P.  0. 
Eureka. 

Fetters,  Thomas,  laborer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

FISHER,  ASA  S.  PROP.,  pro- 
prietor Eureka  Nursery  ;  P.  0.  Eureka  ; 
was  born  in  Wilmington,  Clinton  Co., 
Ohio,  Dec.  10,  1824,  and  i«  the  son  of 
Jesse  and  Achsa  (Starbuck)  Fisher,  of 
North   Carolina,   who   were   among  the 


earliest  settlers  of  Ohio,  havino-  made 
their  home  there  in  1810  ;  when  he  was 
but  5  years  of  age,  with  his  father 
and  family  he  came  to  Illinois,  and  set- 
tled in  Tazewell  Co.,  in  1821)  ;  here 
Prof.  Fisher  spent  his  younger  days, 
working  on  the  farm,  and  in  the  Winter 
months  gathering  what  instruction  the 
"  district  "  school  of  the  period  could 
aiford.  In  1844,  he  attended  the  Knox 
College,  at  Galesburg,  111.,  for  six 
months.  In  1847,  he  attended  the 
Bethany  College,  of  Virginia,  for 
twelve  months.  Sept.  10,  1848,  he 
commenced  teaching  a  district  school  in 
Walnut  Grove,  near  Eureka;  in  1849, 
assisted  by  Miss  Susan  Jones;  1850, 
assisted  by  Elder  John  Lindsey,  then 
known  as  Walnut  Grove  Academy ;  in 
1855,  the  Eureka  College  was  char- 
tered, with  Prof.  Fisher  Teacher  of 
Mathematics ;  here  he  remained  until 
1876  ;  since  then,  he  has  been  engaged 
in  the  nursery  business,  and  is  editor 
of  the  Eureka  (Jullege  Alessenger,  a 
monthly  periodical,  intended  as  a 
medium  through  which  any  one  of  the 
numerous  friends  of  the  College  may 
communicate  with  all  others  in  matters 
pertaining  to  the  welfare  of  the  Eureka 
College.  Prof.  Fisher,  socially,  has  a 
pleasing  address  and  genial  manners 
that  win  the  respect  of  all  ;  married 
Miss  Sarah  S.  Palmer,  daughter  of  P]lder 
H.  D.  Palmer. 

Fetters,  Jno.,  laborer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Finley,  J.  W.,  drugs  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Flannagan,  Chas.,  laborer;  P.  0.  Eureka, 

Fredric,  J.  W.,  laborer  ;  P.  O.  Eureka. 

Fi'edric,  Jno.,  laborer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Frye,  Michael,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Foster,  Lucinda,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Fetter,  Edgar,  farmer  ;    P.  0.  Secor. 

ILLUM,  ELENORA,P.  0.  Eureka. 


a' 


Grim,  Alfred,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Gift,  J.  W.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Green,  Jno.,  laborer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Galbreth,  Robt.,  laborer;  P.  O.  PJureka. 

Graves,  C.  W.,  retired  ;  P.  0.   Eureka. 

Gibson,  C.  J.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

GRESHAM,  A.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eu- 
reka.  The  sulgect  of  this  sketch  was 
born  in  Halifax  Co.,  Va.,  in  1  808  ;  his 
parents  are  George  and  Jane  (Boyd) 
Gresham,  of  Virginia,  who  emigrated  to 


GOO 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUMTY: 


Christian  Co.,  Ky.,  in  18 — ;    here  Mr. 
Gresham  spent  his  time  in  farming,  and 
in    the   Winter   months,  attending  the 
district  schools;    in    1832,   he  married 
Miss  Susan   Boyd,  of  Kentucky,  born 
in  Christian  County  in  18U ;    in  1850, 
he  started  for  Illinois  with  his  wife  and 
eight    children,  in   a  wagon  drawn  by 
four  horses,  and  a  one-horse  "carry  all,'' 
taking  them   about  —  days  in  making 
the  trip ;    they  arrived  and  settled  in 
Woodford  County,  on  the  farm  that  he 
now  lives  on  ;  he  first  rented,  afterward 
purchased,  160  acres  of  land  at  $4  per 
acre.     When  Mr.  Gresham  first  came  to 
Woodford  County,  he  was  in  moderate 
circumstances — to-day  he  is  one  of  the 
successful  and  happy  farmers  of  Wood- 
ford ;    his  son,  John  W.,  was  in  the  late 
war,  enlisted  in  the  108th  I.  V.  I.  for 
three  years,  participated  in  some  of  the 
hard  fought  battles  under  Gens.  Sher- 
man   and    Smith,    was    honorably    dis- 
charged, came  home,  and  is  now  living 
in   Kentucky ;    eleven   children    in   the 
family ;  Mr.   Gresham  is  a  member  of 
the  Christian  Church. 
GRAFFT,    DANIEL,   farmer;    P. 
0.  Eureka  ;  was  born  in  Preble  County, 
Ohio,  Aug.  G,  1829;    son  of  David  G. 
and  Annie  Grafft ;    he  remained  on  his 
fiuher's  farm  until  he  was  22  years  old, 
then  moved  tu  Illinois,  and  settled  on  a 
farm  about  one  mile  from  his  present 
place ;  remained  about  two  years,  then  to 
Livingston    County,    and    entered    400 
acres  in  Nebraska  Township,  where  he 
remained  until  the  breaking  out  of  the 
war;  he  enlisted  in  Co.  A,  129th  I.  V.  I., 
Aug.  2,  1862,  fi)r  three  years  or  during 
the  war;    participated  in  some  of   the 
hard  fought  battles  under  Gen.  Sherman 
and  Fighting  Joe  Hooker,  in  the  battles 
of  Resacea,   Kenesaw    Mountain,   Buz- 
zard Roost,  to  Atlanta,  where  the  en- 
gagements succeeded  each  other  so  rap- 
idl}"  that  they  seemed  like  a  continuous 
battle  of  a  hundred  days ;  with  Sher- 
man's  march  to  the  sea,   through  the 
Carolinas  on  to  Richmond,  and  at  the 
grand  review  at  Washington ;    entered 
as  private,  and    mustered   out  as   Ser- 
geant, at  Chicago,  June,  1865  ;  sold  his 
farm  while  in  the  army,  and  purchased 
the  place  he   now  lives    on ;    returned 
home  and  commenced  farming.     Mar- 


ried Miss  Diana  Grove,  of  Virginia' 
daughter  of  Abraham  and  Sallie  Grove, 
who  came  to  Woodford  County  at  an 
early  day  ;  Republican  in  politics  ;  owns 
220  acres  of  fine  land  ;  four  children — 
William  Henry,  Mary  E.,  John  J.  and 
David  E. 

Grafft,  D.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Grove,  D., farmer;  P.  O.Eureka. 

Guest,  Wm.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Grove,  Abram,  Jr.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Grove,  B.  F.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Gerdis,  Gerd,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Gresham,  J.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

Gesselman,  Christ.,  farmer;  P.O.  Eureka. 

GROVE,  HENRY,  farmer;  P.  0. 
Eureka;  was  born  in  Augusta  Co..  Va.. 
in  1804,  and  is  the  son  of  Benj.  and 
Barbara  Grove.  In  1836,  he  came  to 
Illinois,  and  settled  in  Woodford  Co.,  on 
the  farm  that  he  now  lives  on.  Came 
here  with  his  wife  and  four  chiHren  in 
two  wagons.  They  moved  in  a  log 
cabin  when  they  first  came  here,  which 
now  stands  on  the  place,  and  is  used  as 
a  stable.  He  married  Miss  Elizabeth 
Hoover,  of  Virginia;  she  died  in  1873. 
Nine  children. 

HOLLYWOOD,    FRANK,   laborer; 
P.  0.  Eureka. 

Hall,  R.  B.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Hidges,  S.  A.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Hadley,  Henry,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Hartman,  Fred.,  janitor  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Hancock,  Fannie,  dressmkr.;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Hunter,  W.  H.,  dry  goods;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Hoyt,  F.  M.,  dry  gouds  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Hamilton,  J.  J.,  blacksmith  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Harlan,  J.  N.,  stock  dlr.;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Hedges,  M.  T.,  stock  dlr.;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Hensley,  Thos.,  carp.;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Harber,  D.  P.,  agl.  impts.;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Henrv,  Rachel  S.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Hodshire,  J.  T.,  laborer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Henthorn,  S.  J.,  laborer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Hester,  R.  S.,  retired;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Hamilton,  W.  H.,  mtison ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

House,  Cornelius, carpenter;  P.O.  Eureka. 

Harris,  Scott,  laborer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Hallam,  Chas.,  dry  goods ;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

Hopping,   G.    W.,   broom  maker;  P.    0. 
j       Eureka. 

Hesten,  D.  S.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
j   Hamilton,  Robt.,  mason  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
I   Hedges,  Elizabeth,  P.  0.  Eureka. 
I  Hyongs,  G.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 


OLIO  TOWNSHIP. 


601 


Hofferty,  A.  B.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Hexamer,  Fred.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Holloway,  T.  N.,  farmer;  P.  0.  8ecor. 

Hartman,  F.  L..  farmer;  P.  0,  Eureka. 

Henrecksman,  S.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Holferty,  A.  B.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Hartley,  M.  E.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Hail,  Mrs.  A.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

HALL  AM,  S.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eur- 
eka. The  subject  of  this  sketch  was 
born  in  Chnton  Co.,  Ohio,  January 
W,  1833;  son  of  Charles  and  Margaret 
(McKee)  Hallam,  of  Washington  Co., 
Pa.,  who  emigrated  to  Ohio  at  an  early 
day,  thence  to  Bureau  Co. ;  there  but  a 
short  time,  then  to  Marshall  Co.  about 
1844 ;  remained  there  until  1857,  thence 
to  Eureka;  there  until  1859;  from 
here  to  Livingston  Co.  for  six  years, 
then  returned  to  Woodford  Co.  and  set- 
tled on  the  present  farm  in  1861.  Farm 
consists  of  190  acres  of  fine  improved 
land.  Married  twice;  first  wife  Miss 
Eliza  J.  Myers,  of  Illinois,  daughter  of 
Jacob  and  Jane  Myers,  who  were  among 
the  first  settlers  of  Marshall  Co.,  111.; 
died  in  1874;  second  wife,  Mrs.  Malinda 
T.  Clark,  born  Dec.  27,  1841.  Her 
parents  are  William  and  Rebecca  Ma- 
han,  she  having  two  children  by  her 
first  husband — Lillie  M.  and  Willie. 
By  first  wife  eight  children — Charles 
L.,  John  F.,  lola  M.,  David  D.,  Mary 
M.,  Samuel  K.,  Alice  E.,  James  A. 
Second  wife,  two  children — Napoleon 
B.  C,  George  McC.  Mr.  Hallam  had 
two  brtithers  in  the  late  war — William 
W.  enlisted  in  Co.  A,  86th  111.  Vol.  Inf, 
for  three  years  or  during  the  war  ;  was 
wounded  at  Lookout  Mountain ;  was 
honorably  discharged  at  the  close  of  the 
war ;  now  farming  in  Kansas.  David 
V.  B.  enlisted  in  the  108th  111.  Vol. 
Inf.  for  three  years ;  participated  in 
some  of  the  hard-fought  battles;  hon- 
orably discharged  at  close  of  the  war; 
living  in  San  Francisco.  Cal. ;  merchant. 

TRVIN,  MRS.  E.  M.,  farming ;  P.  0. 
I       Eureka.  ^ 

Irvin,  J.  H.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

JOHNSON,  ALBERT,  former;  P.  0. 
Eureka. 
Jones,  J.  T.  C,  carpenter ;    P.    0.    Eu- 
reka. 
Johnson,    G.   H.  B.,  farmer ;    P.   0.  Eu- 
reka. 


Jones,  Mrs.  K.,   P.  0.  Eureka. 

Jones,  J.  J.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Jeanpert,  F.  B.,  teacher;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

JONES,  RICHARD,  farmer  ;  P.  0. 
Eureka  ;  was  born  in  Staffordshire,  near 
Birmingham,  England,  Oct.  20,  1813  ; 
son  of  Richard  and  Sarah  Jones.  His 
father  was  a  farmer.  At  the  age  of  19, 
young  Richard  left  home  and  learned 
the  trade  of  blacksmithing.  He  was 
married  to  Phebe  Guest  Nov.  16,  1837. 
In  the  Spring  of  1843,  with  his  family, 
consisting  of  a  wife  and  three  children, 
he  emigrated  to  America,  living  for 
short  periods  at  various  localities  in 
Pennsylvania;  and,  in  1849,  he  removed 
to  Georgetown,  0.  Soon  after  his  ar- 
rival, the  entire  family,  with  a  single 
exception,  was  attacked  with  typhoid 
fever ;  all  recovered  but  his  wife,  who 
died,  Nov.  16,  1849.  Dec.  16,  1850, 
he  was  married  to  his  second  wife, 
Keziah  McAtee,  a  native  of  3Iason  Co., 
Ky.  By  his  first  wife  he  had  seven 
children — Mary  S.,  Julia  A.,  Phebe  M., 
Anna  E.,  John  G.,  Sarah  J.  and  Lillie. 
He  commenced  life  in  America  with 
nothing ;  the  little  money  that  he  brought 
to  this  country  was  lent  to  a  friend  soon 
after  his  arrival,  and  never  repaid.  In 
1851,  he  came  to  Metamura,  now  the 
county  seat.  Residing  hei-e  three  years, 
he  purchased  a  farm  near  Eureka  and 
remained  upon  it  until  his  decease, 
which  occurred  July  1st,  1873.  Value 
of  his  estate  was  about  $40,000.00; 
Rep.  ;  Bapt.  ;  although  he  never  filled  a 
public  office  in  his  life,  yet  few  men  were 
better  known  throughout  the  surround- 
ing country  than  Uncle  Dicky  Jones. 
He  gave  liberally  of  his  means  to  public 
enterprises,  and  when  he  died  the  entire 
community  felt  the  loss  of  a  good  man 
and  true. 

KREEDLER  &  EVANS,  cigar  mfrs.; 
P.  0.  Eureka. 

Kent,  W.  A.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Kent,  0.  M.,  laborer;  P.  O.  Eureka. 

Kindred,  A.  J.,  laborer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Klopfenstine,  C,  meat  market ;  P.  O.  Eu- 
reka. 

Keeler,  Henry,  carriage  maker ;  P.  O. 
Eureka. 

Kitchin,  L.  W.,  shoemkr.  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Kirk,  James,  Prof  in  college  ;  P.  0.  Eu- 
reka. 


602 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


KING,  OMAR,  livery  stable  ;  P.  0. 
Eureka;  was  born  in  Licking  Co..  Ohio. 
July.  1840,  son  of  Morehouse  and  Me- 
hetabel  King ;  at  the  age  of  15,  his 
father  died  ;  with  his  mother,  he  moved 
to  Washington  Co..  Iowa,  where  he  was 
engaged  in  farming  ;  his  mother  died 
in  Iowa;  he  then  moved  to  Woodford 
Co.  ;  thence  to  McLean  Co.  Here  he 
remained  about  four  years  ;  in  1870,  he 
moved  to  Eureka  ;  in  1877,  he  com- 
menced the  livery  business,  and  to-day 
owns  one  of  the  best  equipped  livery 
stables  in  Woodford  Co.  The  enter- 
prise that  Mr.  King  has  taken,  together 
with  the  able  and  accommodating  man- 
ner in  which  he  is  conducting  his  livery 
business,  is  gaining  for  him  a  host  of 
friends.  He  keeps  fifteen  head  of 
stock,  and  ten  vehicles  of  various  kintis 
on  hand. 

King,  J.  W.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Kanable,  M.  E.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Kief.  Adam,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

King,  Phillip,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Kufth,  Christ.,  farmer :  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Kuntz,  Jno.,  farmer :  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Keller,  Jacob,  farmer  :  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Kuntz,  Henry,  farmer  :  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Kanable.  Jno..  farm  hand;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

LEWIS,    G.    W.,    carpenter;      P.  0. 
Eureka. 
Lakin,  S.  W.,  dentist;   P.  0.  Eureka. 
Lichtenberger,    C.    T.,    physician ;  P.    0. 

Eureka. 
Lyon,  B.  R.,  barber  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Lindsey,  Jno..  preacher  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Luferge,  Jas.  L.,  laborer;  P.  '0.  Eureka. 
Leighton,  Sylvester,  lab. ;  P.  O.  Eureka. 
Ludeman,  Frank,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Ludeman,  Alex,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Lander,  Frank,  farmer ;  P.  O.  Eureka. 
Longfellow.  W.  J.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Laws,    Jeremiah,  farmer ;   P.  0.   Eureka. 

MYERS.  C.  H.,  laborer;  P.  O. 
Eureka. 

Magarity,  J.  F.,    P.  0.  Eureka. 

Mdore,  L.  F.,  laborer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Myers,  C.  L.,  nursery  ;  P.  O.  Eureka. 

Moore,  B.  L.,  photograjiher ;  P.  0. 
Eureka. 

Moore,   J.    D.,    teamster ;    P.   O.  Eureka. 

Messier,  W.  A.,watchmkr.  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

McColgin,  Jno.,  laborer ;    P.   0.  Eureka. 

iNIyers.  Maria  R.,  Postmistress ;  P.  0.  Eu- 
reka. 


MAGARITY,  JOHN  M.,  drug- 
gist ;  P.  0.  Eureka.  The  subject  of 
this  sketch  was  born  in  Woodfnrd  Co., 
111.,  four  miles  northwest  of  Eureka, 
May  1.  1849,  and  Ls  the  son  of  William 
S.  and  Sarah  Travis  ^lagarit}-,  who  were 
among  the  first  settlers  of  Woodford 
Co.,  having  made  their  home  here  in 
1836  ;  settled  at  Mt.  Zion,  Cruger  Tp., 
April  11;  1861.  His  mother  died  at 
the  ao-e  of  4:2.  His  father  enlisted  in 
the  late  war  as  Captain  in  Company  A, 
86th  I.  V.  I.,  fur  three  years  or  during 
the  war  ;  he  participated  in  some  of  the 
hard-fought  battles  under  Gens.  Sher- 
man and  Hooker.  At  the  great  battle  of 
fighting  above  the  clouds  at  Lookout 
Mountain,  he  .strained  himself  in  lifting 
heavy  artillery  up  the  mountain,  which 
restrained  him  from  duty ;  he  came 
home,  remained  on  his  farm  but  a  short 
time,  then  moved  to  Eureka,  where  he 
resided  until  his  death,  which  occurred 
June  6,  1870.  Mr.  Magarity  com- 
menced the  drug  business  in  1873,  and 
to-day  he  owns  one  of  the  best  and 
largest  drug  stores  in  Woodford  Co,  ; 
he    carries  a    stofk    valued   at  83.000. 

M^URRAY,  JOHN  M.,  grain 
dealer ;  P.  0.  Eureka.  The  subject  of 
this  sketch  is  probably  one  of  the  best 
known  and  highly  respected  business 
men  in  Woodford  County ;  is  a  native 
of  Scotland ;  came  to  New  York  in 
1854;  came  West  in  1857;  settled  in 
Eureka,  111.,  engaged  in  the  lumber  and 
gi-ain  business ;  is  the  proprietor  of  a 
first-cla.?s  grain  elevator,  at  Eureka,  111. 
Mr.  Murray  has  filled  several  offices  of 
important  public  trust  ;  has  filled  the 
office  of  Supervisor  for  four  years ;  is 
Chairman  of  the  Board  of  Supervisors 
of  Woodford  County.  In  politics,  he  is 
a  Republican,  and  is  a  member  of  the 
Presbvterian  Churcli. 

MOSCHEL,  CHRISTIAN,  form- 
er; p.  0.  Eureka  ;  was  born  in  Bavaria, 
Germany,  Dec.  21,  1830,  son  of  John 
and  Susan  (Ague)  Moschel.  He  re- 
mained at  his  native  home  until  1852 ; 
he  then  emigrated  to  America,  and 
landed  in  New  York,  where  he  remained 
about  one  year  and  a  half,  engaged  in 
farming  ;  thence  to  lUinois,  and  settled 
in  Peoria,  and  remained  there  about 
nine   years ;    engaged    in   farming   and 


OLIO   TOWNSHIP. 


603 


the  tinner  trade  ;  thence  to  Woodford 
Co.,  and  settled  near  Washburn  ;  thence 
to  the  place  henow  lives  on,  which  con- 
sists of  125  acres  of  fine  improved  land, 
which  Mr.  Moschel  made  by  hard  labor 
and  good  management.  Holds  office  of 
School  Director  of  District  No.  2  ;  mar- 
ried twice,  first  wife  in  March  21,  1859, 
to  Miss  Susan  Sandmyer,  of  Germany  ; 
died  May  28,  18G3 ;  one  child  by  first 
wife — Lizzie,  born  March  22,  1868  ; 
died  May  28,  1863.  Married  second 
wife.  Miss  Lia  Schmidt,  of  Canada, 
daughter  of  John  and  Barbara  (Schwartz- 
emruben)  Schmidt ;  born  March  18, 
18-42  ;  came  to  Woodford  Co.  in  1863. 
Six  children  —  Peter,  born  June  13, 
1866  ;  John,  born  Feb.  21,  1868  ;  Su- 
san, boi'D  May  4,  1870  ;  Christian,  born 
Oct.  29,  1871;  Joseph,  born  June  21, 
1874;  William,  born  April  2,  1876. 

Magarity,  J.  L.,  nursery;   P.  O.  ICureka. 

Major,  A.  E.,  merchant;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

Mitchell,  J.  B.,  stock  dlr.;    P.  0.  Eureka. 

Maupin,  B.  F.,  Justice  of  the  Peace;  P.  0. 
Eureka. 

McCullough,    W.    S.,    carpenter;     P.    0. 
Eureka. 

McClintock,  Jno.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

McClintock,  J.  R.,  farmer;  P.  O.  Eureka. 

MONSELLE,  JOHN,  farmer  and 
blacksmith  ;  P.  O.  Eureka  ;  was  born 
in  France  April  9,  1822  ;  son  of  Nicho- 
las and  Elizabeth  Monselle,  of  France. 
He  remained  in  the  old  country  until 
1855  ;  here  he  learned  his  trade  (black- 
smithing),  and  in  Feb.  22,  1848,  he 
married  Miss  Celestine  Vcron,  of  France. 
In  1855  he  emigrated  to  America  in  a 
sailing  vessel ;  was  fifty-two  days  making 
the  trip.  Landed  in  New  Orleans,  La., 
thence  to  St.  Louis  ;  here  he  had  to  re- 
main for  about  five  weeks  on  account  of 
the  Mississippi  River  being  frozen  over, 
and  navigation  stopped  ;  as  soon  as 
opened,  he  went  to  Peoria,  111.,  thence  to 
Washington,  111.,  where  he  remained  for 
eitihtecn  months,  eno'asjed  in  the  black 
smith  business ;  thence  to  Versailles,  the 
once  county  seat  of  Woodford ;  here  he 
has  remained  ever  since,  engaged  in 
blacksmithing  and  farming.  He  is  to- 
day one  of  the  oldest  and  highly  re- 
spected citizens  of  Versailles.  Owns  a 
fine  improved  farm.  Is  a  member  of  the 
Catholic  Church.     Nine  children. 


MOORE,  DAVID  G.,  farmer;  P. 
0.  Eureka.  The  subject  of  this  sketch 
is  one  of  the  prominent  farmers  of 
Woodford  Co. ;  was  born  in  Todd  Co., 
Ky.,  May  29,  1817;  son  of  David 
Moore,  of  Virginia,  and  Elizabeth  Moore, 
of  South  Carolina.  He  remained  at 
his  native  State  until  he  was  29  years 
old,  and  then  with  his  wife  and  five 
children  emigrated  to  Woodford  Co. 
in  a  two-horse  wagon  and  settled  near 
Versailles ;  since  then  he  has  moved 
three  times  in  the  neighborhood  where 
he  first  settled  ;  he  bought  118  acres  of 
fine  improved  land  and  moved  on  the 
present  place.  Here  he  has  remained 
ever  since,  engaged  in  farming.  He 
was  married  in  1835  to  Miss  Mary  Ann 
Ellison,  of  Kentucky,  daughter  of  Reu- 
ben Ellison ;  have  raised  a  family  of 
fifteen  children,  losing  but  one,  a  son. 
who  died  at  the  age  of  32  years;  had 
one  son  in  the  late  war.  Willber  F. 
enlisted  in  the  5th  111.  Cav. ;  was  honor- 
ably discharged  ;  now  living  in  Atchison, 
Kan. ;  his  son,  William  A.,  was  elected 
to  the  Legislature  from  Tazewell  Co.  in 
1876.  Mr.  Moore  is  member  of  the 
Methodist  Church.  His  political  opin- 
ions are  Democratic. 

MOOBURY,  WM.  H.  H.,  farmer ; 
P.  0.  Eureka.  The  subject  of  this  sketch 
was  born  in  Tazewell  Co.,  111.,  Dec.  1, 
1840 ;  son  of  Samuel  Moobury,  who 
was  born  in  Ohio  1804,  died  in  1846, 
and  Cynthia  Moobury,  of  Ohio,  born 
May,  1806,  who  were  among  the  first 
settlers  in  Tazewell  Co.,  having  made 
their  home  here  in  1835.  Mr.  M.  was 
engaged  in  farming ;  at  the  breaking  out 
of  the  late  war,  in  Sept,,  1861,  he 
enlisted  in  Co.  G,  4th  111.  Cav.,  for 
three  years  or  during  the  war.  He 
participated  in  one  hundred  battles  and 
skirmishes  under  Gens.  Sherman  and 
Grant ;  at  the  battles  of  Fort  Donelson, 
where  the  first  substantial  success  of  the 
war  was  achieved  ;  Fort  Henry,  Corinth, 
Shiloh,  Jackson^  Big  Black,  &c. ;  was 
mustered  out  at  Springfield,  IlL,  in 
1864.  At  the  close  of  the  war,  re- 
turned home  and  commenced  farming. 
Married,  in  1868,  to  Miss  Julia  A.  Ram- 
sey, of  Illinois,  daughter  of  James 
Ramsey,  of  Franklin  Co.,  0.;  born  Dec, 
1817,    and     Julia    Ann    Ramsey,    of 


604 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


England,  born  Jan.  11,  1818;  were 
among  the  early  settlers  of  Tazewell 
Co. ;  now  living  in  Montgomery  Tp., 
Woodford  Co.,  having  made  their  home 
here  in  1 844.  Mr.  Moobur}'  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Presbyterian  Church ;  his 
political  opinions  are  National  Green- 
backs. Three  children — Leo  F.,  How- 
ard D.,  Lillie  I. 

Mitchell,  H.  C,  stock  dlr.,  P.  0.   Eureka. 

McGrath,    Wm.    M.,    shoemkr.  ;     P.    0. 
Eureka. 

]\IcCarten,  Elias,  boots  and  shoes ;   P.  0. 
Eureka. 

Mishler,  J.  J.,  grocer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Myers,  J.  L.,  retired ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

McHugh,  Chas.,    farmer;    P.O.    Eureka. 

Moore,"  B.  M.,  farmer  ;    P.  O.  Eureka. 

McCormick,   P.,   firmer;    P.  0.   Eureka. 

McClintock,  E.  L.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

McCORKLE,  J.  B.,  farmer  and 
preacher ;  P.  O.  Eureka ;  born  in 
Lawrence  Co.,  Illinois,  May  24,  1819  ; 
when  quite  young  he  came  with  his 
parents  to  Tazewell  Co.  ;  was  married 
May  22,  1845,  to  Cynthia  A.  Kice,  a 
native  of  Augusta  Co.,  Va.  He 
farmed  for  three  years  ;  after  this  he 
moved  to  Washington  Co.  in  1848  ; 
here  he  began  the  manufacture  of  wagons 
and  was  very  successful  in  business.  In 
1857,  he  returned  to  his  farm,  originally 
80  acres,  now  320  acres,  and  farmed 
seven  years  extensively.  Began  preaching 
about  1860;  has  met  with  good  success 
as  an  evangelist ;  Democrat  ;  Church 
of  Christ ;  in  1868  he  moved  to  Wood- 
ford Co ;  now  owns  the  80  acres  in 
Tazewell  Co.  purchased  at  S3. 50  per 
acre  in  1842  or  '3,  which  is  now  worth 
$50  per  acre  ;  also  owns  100  acres  in 
Woodford  Co.  worth  $100  per  acre. 
His  residence  is  one  of  the  most  desira- 
ble in  the  county  and  part  of  his  100 
acre  farm  is  within  the  incorporate 
limits  of  Eureka.  Has  nine  children — 
Chas.  L.,  J.  Mara,  Laura  J.,  Kichard 
H.;  Mary  E.,  Orpha  J.,  Eunice  A., 
Cyrus  B.,  and  Z.  A. ;  seven  are  living, 
two  are  dead — Chas.  L.  and  Laura  J.  ; 
has  held  the  office  of  Collector  and  Boad 
Commissioner  in  Tazewell  Co.  and  that 
of  Trustee  in  Olio  Tp.,  and  is  highly  re- 
spected by  a  large  circle  of  acquaint- 
ances. 
McCormick,  Wm.,  firmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 


MAJOR,  WILLIAM,  firmer;  P- 
O.  Eureka;  was  born  in  Christian  Co., 
Ky.,  May  23,  1827  ;  is  the  son  of  Ben 
and  Lucy  Davenpori  Major,  who  came 
to  Illinois  with  a  family  of  five  children 
— Judith  Alice,  married  to  J.  D.  Gaunt, 
of  Iowa ;  Lucy,  married  to  J.  J.  Jones, 
of  Eureka  ;  and  William  ;  two  dead — 
John  and  Benjamin.  The  father,  Ben 
Major,  was  born  in  Kentucky,  Oct.  31, 
1796,  and  died  in  Illinois,  May  29, 
1852 ;  his  mother,  Lucy  (Davenport) 
Major,  born  in  Kentucky,  Sept.  15, 
1802,  and  died  Jan.  15,  1876.  Mr. 
Major  is  one  of  the  successful  farmers 
of  Woodford  County,  owns  a  fine,  im- 
proved farm  of  371  acres  ;  he  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Christian  Church  ;  his  polit- 
ical opinions  are  Republican.  3Iarried 
Miss  Mary  E.  Dickinsen,  of  Kentucky, 
born  Jan.  1,  1829;  married  in  1847; 
seven  children — Horace,  born  Aug.  16, 
1848  ;  Alva  Allen,  born  July  28,  1850 ; 
Charles  E.,  born  Nov.  12,  1851  ;  Ben, 
born  June  4,  1853;  Mary  Catharine, 
born  July  10,  1855;  two  dead — Ann 
Elizabeth,  born  Oct.  21,  1858,  died  in 
infancy;  Annie  Elmira.  born  Sept.  21, 
1862,  died  Feb.  13,  1864. 

Moncelle,  Chas.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

McClintock,  W.  S.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Meek,  Mrs.  E.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Meek,  D.  R.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Mill,  Wm,,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

McCormick,  M.  A.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Messinger,  Louisa  J.,  P.  0.  I^ureka. 

Meek,  H.  B.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

MAJOR,  JO.,  former  ;  P.  0.  Eureka; 
was  born  in  Woodford  Co.,  111.,  Nov.  22, 
1834 ;  his  fitlier,  Ben  Major,  was  born 
in  Kentucky  Oct.  31,  1796;  his 
mother,  Lucy  (Davenport)  jNIajor,  was 
born  in  Kentucky  Sept.  15,  1802. 
They  came  to  Illinois,  and  settled  in 
Woodford  County,  Spring  of  1S34,  and 
commenced  farming;  May  29.  1852, 
his  father  died  with  the  cholera ;  his 
mother  died  Jan.  15,  1876.  Mr. 
Major  remained  on  his  farm  until  the 
breaking  out  of  the  late  war  ;  he  enlisted 
Aug.  26,  1862,  in  Co.  A,  86th  111.  V. 
I.,  for  three  years,  or  during  the  war  ;  as 
private  he  participated  in  some  of  the 
hard  fought  battles  under  Generals 
Thomas  and  Sherman,  Perryville,  Stone 
River,  fighting  above  the  clouds  at  Look- 


OLIO  TOWNSHIP. 


605 


out  Mountain,  Chattanooga,  Chicka- 
mauga  ;  with  Gen.  Sherman's  march  to 
the  sea  ;  through  the  swamps  and  forests 
of  the  Carohnas  ;  at  Washington  on  the 
grand  review  ;  mustered  out  as  Captain 
June  23,  1865.  At  the  close  of  the 
war,  he  returned  home  and  commenced 
farming,  and  to-day  is  one  of  the  suc- 
cessful farmers  of  Woodford  County ; 
owns  a  fine  improved  farm  of  455  acres ; 
member  of  the  Christian  Church  ;  Re- 
publican in  politics ;  married  Miss  Mary 
S.  Jones,  of  England,  daughter  of  Rich- 
ard Jones ;  she  was  born  Aug.  23, 
1838  ;  married  Feb.  12,  1861;  six  chil- 
dren— John,  born,  March  22,  1862  ; 
died  Jan.  5,  1863 ;  Cora,  born  June 
7,  1866 ;  Lucy,  born  Jan.  27,  1868 ; 
Jo.,  born  Sept.  8,  1872;  William,  bora 
Dec.  17,  1873;  Rodger,  born  Aug. 
16,  1876.  His  father,  Ben  Major,  in 
1833  was  owner  of  eight  negro  slaves 
valued  at  $10,000;  he  set  them  free  and 
colonized  them  in  Liberia  at  his  own  ex- 
pense, and  gave  them  sufficient  means 
until  they  could  make  a  living  for  them- 

MEEK,  BAZEL  D.,  COL ,  attor- 

ney  ;  P.  0.  Eureka.  The  subject  of  this 
sketch  was  born  in  Jennings  Co.,  Ind., 
Dec.  6.  1828.  His  parents  are  Henry 
B.  and  Theny  (Perry)  Meek,  who  are 
among  the  oldest  settlers  of  Woodford 
Co.,  having  made  their  home  here  in 
1830.  Those  born  amidst  the  circum- 
stances of  pioneer  life  must  necessarily 
imbibe  something  of  the  nature  of  the 
surroundings.  The  freedom  of  the  life 
from  the  cares  and  responsibilities  that 
ever  attend  the  older  forms  of  society 
tends  to  produce  a  spirit  of  independence 
and  vigor  which  are  unknown  in  the 
latter.  Amid  these  surroundings  Col. 
Meek  spent  his  childhood  and  early 
youth,  working  on  the  farm  from  the 
time  he  was  able  to  handle  the  axe  or 
hold  the  plow,  and  in  the  Winter  gath- 
ering what  instruction  the  "  district " 
.school  of  the  period  could  afi"ord.  At  18, 
he  entered  college  at  Galesburg,  Knox 
Co.,  111.,  where  he  remained  about  two 
years.  On  March  17,  1850,  he  started 
from  home  for  the  gold  fields  of  Cali- 
fornia with  a  mule  team  ;  traveled  the 
overland  route ;  arrived  at  St.  Joseph, 
Mo.,  remained  there  two  weeks.  On  the 


25th  of  April,  he  crossed  the  INIissouri 
River,  and  arrived  at  Sacramento  City 
July  10,  having  made  the  quickest  trip 
with  mule  team  across  the  plains  ;  was 
engaged  in  mining  but  a  short  time ;  en- 
gaged ten  months  in  packing  provisions 
from  cities  to  the  mountains.  In  1851^ 
he  went  to  Oregon,  where  he  was  en- 
gaged in  the  lumber  and  milling  busi- 
ness;  remained  there  until  1853;  re- 
turned home  via  Central  America.  Col. 
Meek  has  held  several  offices  of  trust, 
and  has  acquitted  himself  in  a  very  cred- 
itable and  efficient  manner.  In  1853,  he 
was  elected  CountyTreasurer,and  re-elect- 
ed to  same  office  in  1855,  which  office  he 
held  until  1857.  In  1857,  was  elected 
County  Judge,  and  held  office  until  the 
breaking  out  of  the  late  war,  On  Oct. 
20,  1861,  he  was  commissioned  by  Grov. 
Yates  as  Lieutenant  Colonel  of  the  11th 
111.  Cav.;  was  engaged  in  the  battle  of 
Lexington,  Tenn.,  and  before  Corinth, 
luka,  Shiloh,  etc. ;  resigned  his  com- 
mission Sept.,  1863,  and  came  home 
In  1863,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  to 
practice  law,  and  in  1867  the  well  known 
firm  of  Messrs.  Briggs  &  Meek  was 
formed.  These  gentlemen  are  among 
the  best  educated  lawyers  of  Woodford 
Co.,  and  rank  high  at  the  Illinois  bar. 
In  1869  he  was  elected  for  the  second 
time  County  Judge,  which  office  he 
held  for  four  years.  Col.  Meek  is  a 
member  of  the  Christian  Church.  His 
political  opinions  are  Democratic.  He 
was  married,  in  1856,  to  Miss  Sarah  E. 
Ward,  daughter  of  J.  F.  Ward.  Four 
children — Thema,  married  W.  C.  Mitch- 
ell, living  in  Chicago  ;  William  D.,  Lewis 
F.  and  Henry  B. 

"ATIERGARTH,  S.  D.,  restaurant;  P. 

Jl_N        0.  Eureka. 

Niergarth,  John,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

O^'NEAL,   ANDREW,  carpenter;    P. 
0.  Eureka. 
O'Brien,  Maggie,  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Osborn,  G.  W.,  laborer ;  P.  O.  Eureka. 
Ormsby,  M.  P..  minister;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
O'Hara,  John,  lalksmth  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
I   "pAYNE,  J.  E.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Parker,  Mrs.  Mary  L.,  P.  O.  Eureka. 
Peleg,  Ignatz,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Price,  Ezra,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Pepper,  Geo.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 


(306 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


Patar,  Wm.,  teamster;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Pangburn,  Jno.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Probosco,  D.  S.,  painter ;   P.  O.  Eureka. 

Pifer,  W.  H.,  tinner;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Pifer.  M.,  hardware;     P.  0.  Eureka. 

Pifer,  F.  C,  grocer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Powell,  Hannah,  P.  O.  Eureka. 

Patterson,  J.  II..  P.  0.  Eureka. 

PAGE,  MOSES  P.,  P.  0.  Eureka  ; 
wa;^  boro  in  (iilmantju.  N.  H.,  May  4, 
1826,  and  is  the  son  of  John  and  Bet- 
sey (Wilson)  Page,  who  were  among 
the  earliest  settlers  of  Woodford  County, 
having  made  their  home  here  in  May, 
1835.  John  Page  wa.s  born  Oct.  28, 
1787;  with  his  wife,  Betsey  (Wilson) 
Page,  who  was  born  March  27,  1791, 
left  Gilmanton  with  a  family  of  nine 
children  for  Illinois ;  from  Gilmanton 
they  went  to  Troy,  N.  Y.,  in  wagons  and 
stage,  thence  to  Buifalo  via  the  Erie 
canal,  then  to  Cleveland  via  lake,  thence 
to  Portsmouth  canal,  then  by  steam- 
boats on  the  Ohio,  Mississippi  and  Illi- 
nois Rivers  to  Pekin,  where  they  arrived 
safely,  purchased  a  farm  in  May,  1835, 
and  commenced  farming.  Here  Moses 
Page  remained  until  he  was  21  years  of 
age ;  he  then  set  out  in  cultivating  a 
farm  of  his  own,  near  his  father's  place; 
was  engaged  in  studying  dentistry  and 
medicine,  attended  lectures  at  Hanover 
College,  but  on  account  of  his  eyesight 
failing,  he  gave  up  the  profession  ;  was 
at  one  time  Postmaster  of  Metamora, 
during  President  Buchanan's  adminis- 
tration. Married  Miss  Martha  E. 
Banta,  of  Indiana,  daughter  of  David 
Banta,  who  settled  in  Tazewell  Co.,  111., 
in  1835 ;  eight  children — John  F., 
Manly  C,  Sarah  E.,  Mary  A.,  Lew  E.; 
David  Andrew,  Clemens  Rostell,  Flora 
E.  31ember  of  the  Christian  Church; 
Democrat  in  politics. 

Potter.  Mrs.  E..  dressmkr  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Payne,  W.  W.,  laborer;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

Payne,  R.  T.,  policeman  ;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

Peffers,  David,  bookkpr ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Pierce,  Elijah,  laborer  ;  P.  O.  Eureka. 

Plumb,  F.'K.,  laborer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Proctor,  E.  A.,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

Proctor.  J.  C.  P.  0.  Eureka. 

POWELL,  ETHAN  O.,  deceased; 
was  born  in  Cedarville.  Cumberland  Co., 
N.  J.,  Oct.  5,  1822  ;  he  came  to  Wood- 
ford County,  and  settled  on  a  farm  near 


Eureka,  April  2,  1SG7 ;  here  he  re- 
mained until  Jan.  10,  187G;  with  his 
family  he  moved  to  Eureka,  and  com- 
menced the  livery  business ;  died  Feb. 
4,  1876.  leaving  a  wife  and  four  children 
— Martha,  now  married  to  George  John- 
son; Etta,  Jerry,  Isaiah.  Mr.  Powell 
married  twice;  his  first  wife  was  Mi.ss 
Arabella  Sheppard  ;  second  wife.  Miss 
Hannah  Diamond,  of  New  Jersey. 
Jerry  is  in  the  livery  business,  manag- 
ing for  his  mother ;  this  livery  stable  is 
one  of  the  best  equipped  stables  in  the 
county  ;  he  keeps  on  hand  from  eight  to 
ten  fine  horses,  and  vehicles  for  the 
same  ;  to  those  who  want  to  take  a  drive 
in  the  country,  we  advi.se  them  to  call 
and  see  Jerry,  on  the  south  side  of  the 
Public  Square. 

REYNOLDS,  M.   A.,  MRS.;   P.  0- 
Eureka. 

Reynolds,  N.  L.,  phys.  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Rosenberg,  F.  J.,  phys. ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Rush,  J.  A.,  laborer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Reynolds,  G.  W.,   P.  0.  Eureka. 

Reynolds,  W.  C.,  wagon  mkr;  P.O.Eureka. 

Richards,  0.  P.,  drugs;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Ruger,  D.,  drugs;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Reeves,  J.  T.  C,  mason ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Reeves,  J.  M.,  laborer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Rudecker,  W;  B.,  tinner;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Reynolds,'  W.  W.,  clerk;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Reynolds,  H.  S..  tailor;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Revnolds.  C.  W!,  clerk  :  P.  0.  Eureka. 

RADFORD,  R.  N.,  proprietor  and 
editor  ol"  the  Eureka  Journal;  was  born 
in  Chri.-^tian  Co..  Ky.,  Sept.  30,  1S33, 
and  is  the  son  of  Benjamin  J.  and  Frances 
T.  ( Lawi-ence )  Radford,  of  Virginia,  who 
emigrated  and  settled  in  Kentucky  in 
1818  with  a  family  of  five  children  ;  they 
moved  to  Woodford  Co.  and  settled  in 
Walnut  Grove,  one  and  a  half  miles  from 
Eureka ;  entered  800  acres  of  Govern- 
ment land.  Benjamin  J.  Radford  was 
born  in  Virainia  April  5,  1797  ;  died  in 
Woodford  County  Sept.  12,  1857  ;  Mrs. 
Frances  T.  Radford  was  born  in  ^'irgiuia 
May  1,  1804;  died  in  Woodford"  Co. 
Oct.  19,  1864.  Mr.  Radford  spent  his 
younger  days  on  his  father's  farm  ;  when 
20  years  of  age,  he  came  to  Eureka 
and  was  engaged  in  clerking  for  Clark  & 
Jones  for  three  years ;  on  the  account  of 
his  father's  death,  he  returned  to  the 
farm     and     commenced    farming ;    re- 


OLIO  TOWNSHIP. 


607 


mained  here  until  1874 ;  he  moved  to 
Eureka  and  in  April,  1874,  he  com- 
menced the  publication  of  the  Woodford 
Journal;  Sept.  3,  1875,  the  name  of 
the  Woodford  Journal  was  changed  to 
the  Eureka  Journal^  which  to-day  ranks 
as  one  of  the  l)est  papers  in  Woodford 
Co. ;  its  circulation  is  as  large  as  any  paper 
published  in  the  county,  while  it  ranks 
high  among  the  i)apers  of  the  county,  in 
energy,  vigor  of  thought  and  is  independ- 
ent in  its  views.  Its  office  is  also  one  of 
the  best  in  the  country  in  the  conven- 
ience of  its  equipment  for  newspaper  and 
job  work.  Mr.  Kadford  married  in  1862 
Miss  Octavia  Landes,  of  Kentucky, 
daughter  of  Dr.  Samuel  Landes. 

RADFORD,  BENJ.  J.,  PROF., 

P.  0.  Eureka  ;  was  born  in  Woodford 
Co.,  111.,  Dec.  23,  1838,  and  is  the  son 
of  Benjamin  J.  and  Frances  T.  ( Law- 
rence) Radford,  of  Virginia,  who  emi- 
grated to  Kentucky  in  1818;  in  1834, 
they  started  with  a  family  of  five  chil- 
dren from  Kentucky,  and  settled  on  a 
farm  of  800  acres  one  and  a  half  miles 
southwest  of  Eureka.  Here  Prof.  Rad- 
ford spent  his  younger  days  farming, 
and  in  the  winter  months  attending  the 
Eureka  College.  At  the  breaking  out 
of  the  late  war,  he  enlisted  as  private  in 
Co.  G,  17th  111.  Vol.  Inf ,  for  three 
years  ;  participated  in  some  of  the  hard- 
fought  battles  under  Gen.  Grant  at  Fort 
Donelson,  where  the  fiist  substantial 
success  of  war  was  achieved,  Shiloh, 
and  other  engagements ;  was  mustered 
out  Corporal  June,  1804.  He  then 
went  to  Springfield  and  accepted  a 
clerkship  in  the  mustering  office  U.  S. 
A.  one  year;  in  18G5,  went  to  preach- 
ing; returned. to  Eureka  and  entered 
the  Eureka  College  and  graduated  in 
1866  ;  in  1868  and  '60,  was  engaged  in 
preaching  at  Niantic,  Macon  Co.,  111. ; 
March,  1869,  he  purchased  the  Wood- 
ford Journal  of  Eureka;  1870,  was 
appointed  as  one  of  the  Professors  of  the 
Eureka  College.  Here  he  has  been  en- 
gaged ever  since.  Married  in  1864  to 
Miss  Rhoda  J.  Magarity,  daughter  of 
Wm.  S.  Magarity,  who  came  to  Illinois 
at  an  early  day,  was  the  first  Sheriff'  of 
Woodford  Co.,  and  in  1865  was  County 
Judge ;  seven  children,  six  living  ;  is  a 
member  of  the  Christian  Church. 


Rediger,  Jacob,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Reel,  Wm.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Ringer,  Jacob,  farmer ;  P.  O.  Eureka. 

Rush,  Jesse,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka, 

Rowan,  Wm.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

Robeson,  W.  H.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Rush,  Jos.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Rush,  Nicholas,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Rush,  Thos.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Robeson,  Phoebe,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Radford,  Rhoda,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

O^ LIMNER,  J.   C,  sells  pianos  and  or- 

k3     ii'ans  ;    P.  0.  Eureka. 

Smalley,  0.  W.,  laborer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

States,  Susan  E.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Sleighter,  R.  A.,  drayman  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Snyder,  A.,  laborer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Sheppard,  Nancy,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Sadler,  J.  M.,  saddlery ;    P.  0.  Eureka. 

Smith,  J.  F.,  confectionery  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Smith,  T.  C,  blacksmith  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Stitt,  S.  C,  hedge  trimmer;  P.  O.Eureka. 

Sumner,  J.  M.,  broomnikr.;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Shockly,  S.,  mason  ;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

Stacy,  D.  W.,  sew.  m.  agt.;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Stewart,  W.  H.,  carp.;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Schuessler,  H.,  confectionery ;  P.O.  Eureka. 

Stewart,  J.  C,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Smith,  R.  D.,  real  estate;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Sleighter,  D.  C,  laborer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Slane,  F.  S.;  Path  Master;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

Search,  G.  L.,  wagonmkr.;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Stampf,  Mrs.  J.,  millinery ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Samuels,  Catherine,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

StoUer,  G.,  farmer  ;   P.  O.  Eureka. 

Stone,  J.  W.,  teamster;  P.  O.  Eureka. 

Shaw,  John,  carpenter ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Skinner,  W.  H.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Skinner,  W.  F.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Spear,  Saml.,  blacksmith  ;    P.  0.  Eureka. 

Smith,  A.  H.,  teacher;   P.O.  Eureka. 

Schultz,  Chas.,  Sr.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Schurtz,  Christ.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

Schulty,  Chas.,  Jr.,  far.;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Stewart,  L.,  former;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Sadler,  W.  C,  farmer  ;  P.  O.  Eureka. 

SUMMERS,  JOHN,  farmer  ;  P.  0. 
Eureka  ;  was  born  in  Christian  Co.,  Ky., 
April  2,  1817  ;  is  the  son  of  Henry  and 
Mary  (Fleming)  Summers.  His  father 
was  born  in  Virginia  in  1772,  and  died 
in  Kentucky  in  1822.  With  his  mother 
and  three  children,  they  left  Kentucky 
for  Illinois  Oct.,  1835,  in  a  wagon  drawn 
by  two  yoke  of  oxen,  and  settled  on  the 
farm  that    he  now  lives   on  in   April, 


608 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFOKD  COUNTY; 


1836  ;  they  purchased  160  acres  of  land 
and  commenced  tarniing.  On  July  9, 
1851,  his  mother  died.  Mr.  Summers 
has  held  several  offices  of  public  trust — 
Justice  of  the  Peace,  Supervisor,  School 
Trustee — of  all  of  which  he  has  ac({uit- 
ted  himself  in  a  very  creditable  and 
efficient  manner.  Is  a  member  of  the 
Presbyterian  Church.  His  political  opin- 
ions are  Republican.  Married  twice — 
first  wife,  Miss  Lydia  B.  Moore,  mar- 
ried Oct.  31, 1848,  died  Aug.  29, 1855; 
second  wife,  Mrs.  Emlie  A.  Finley,  of 
Ohio,  daughter  of  Isaac  Handley;  she 
was  born  Oct.  18,  1828.  Four  children 
— Carrie,  Francis,  Walter  and  Edward. 
Mr.  Summers  owns  to-day  390  acres  of 
fine  land. 

SAUDER,  CHRISTIAN,  farmer; 
P.  0.  Secor  ;  was  born  in  Baden,  Ger- 
many, in  1821,  son  of  Rudolph  and 
Barbara  W.  Sauder  ;  at  16  yeai'S  of 
age,  he  learned  his  trade  as  carpenter ; 
in  1851,  he  sailed  for  America,  and 
was  sixty-two  days  in  making  the  trip  ; 
met  with  a  sad  misfortune,  having  lost 
two  of  his  children  on  the  voyage,  who 
died  at  sea ;  from  New  York  city,  he 
went  to  Phihidelphia,  looking  for  work, 
thence  to Co.,  Pa.  Here  he  suc- 
ceeded in  finding  work  ;  remained  there 
five  years,  thence  to  111.  ;  settled  in 
Tazewell  Co.,  then  to  Slabtown,  Wood- 
ford Co.,  in  1858,  settled  on  a  place 
two  miles  north  of  his  farm,  thence  to 
the  place  he  now  lives  on  ;  owns  160 
acres  land  ;  married  Miss  Elizabeth  Fry. 
Nine  children,  three  living — Abraham, 
Henry,  John  ;    six  dead. 

SHUMAN,  SAMUEL,  farmer; 
P.  0.  Secor;  was  born  in  Juniata  Co., 
Pa.,  Oct.  17,  1834,  and  is  the  son  of 
Joshua  and  Elizabeth  (Parkner)  Shu- 
man  ;  his  father  was  a  weaver  and 
farmer.  Mr.  Shuman  remained  with 
his  parents  until  he  was  16  years  of 
age;  he  then  started  out  to  make  a  liv- 
ing for  himself ;  he  went  to  Indiana ; 
remained  here  but  a  short  time ;  re- 
turned to  Pennsylvania,  thence  to  Min- 
nesota, where  he  remained  about  five 
and  a  half  years  ;  engaged  in  farming, 
thence  to  Illinois,  and  settled  in  Fulton 
Co.  ;  thence  to  Minn.,  thence  to  Wood- 
ford Co.,  and  settled  on  the  farm  that 
he  now   lives  on  ;   Jan.,  1865,  married 


Miss  Henrietta  Schuebly,  of  111.  ;  owns 
400  acres  of  fine  improved  land.  Five 
children — Henry  S.,  John,  Elizabeth, 
Frank  and  Greorge. 

Sauder,  Fred,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Secor. 

Schuler,  Geo.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Spencer,  T.  G.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Schertz,  Andrew,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Sadler,  Jno.,  farmer;  P.  0.   Eureka. 

Stivers,  T.  J.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Stewart,  R.  C.,  farmer;  P   O.  Eureka. 

Shulthers,  Henry,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Smalley,  G.  0.,  laborer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Sumner,  Clark,  commission  salesman;  P. 
0.  Eureka. 

THORNTON,  JAS.  S.,  manufacturer 
of  axe  handles  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Tomb,  Wm.,    P.  0.  Eureka. 

Terry,  N.  B.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Tucker,  H.  R.,  drayman  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

This,  J.  E.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

This,  Felix,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Teusher,  Jno.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Titsworth,  Jno.,  laborer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

"TTLRICH,  CHRISTIAN,  farmer;  P. 
U       0.  Eureka. 

Ulrich,  Sam'l,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Ulrich,  Dan'l,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Ulrich,  P.  P.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka." 

ULRICH,  PETER,  farmer;  P.  0. 
Eureka;  was  born  July  12,  1811,  in 
France;  son  of  Peter  and  Catharine 
Ulrich,  of  France  ;  father  weaver  by 
trade;  he  emigrated  to  America  in  1831, 
with  his  sister  Barbara ;  was  44  days  in 
making  the  trip ;  landed  in  New  York ; 
here  they  remamed  but  a  short  time,  as 
Mr.  Ulrich  had  the  experience  of  some 
one  stealing  his  hat ;  they  then  went  to 
Cincinnati,  0.,  via  canal,  flat  and  steam- 
boat; eight  days  from  N.  Y.  to  Cincin- 
nati, 0. ;  here  he  remained  one  year  as 
teamster ;  thence  in  the  country  at  farm- 
ing for  seven  years;  in  1838,  he  moved 
to  Tazewell  Co.,  111. ;  he  purchased  80 
acres  of  land  and  commenced  farming ; 
here  five  years ;  he  then  sold  and  rented 
farms  near  Peoria ;  he  leased  a  farm  for 
five  years  ;  his  wife  died  Aug.  5,  1855  ; 
from  Tazewell  Co.  he  came  to  Woodford 
and  settled  three  and  a  half  miles  north- 
east of  Eureka  ;  he  purchased  railroad 
land  ;  200  acres  he  sold  and  purchased 
j  place  he  lives  on,  in  1867,  178  acres  of 
;  fine  improved  land,  and  in  1868  he 
I       moved  on  the  place.     His  first  wife  was 


OLIO  TOWNSHIP. 


609 


Aniiie  Oyer,  of  France  ;  married  1837  ; 
second  wife  Barbara  Zimmerman  ;  mar- 
ried 1850  ;  died  1864  ;  eight  children — 
Joseph,  born  May  2(5,  1843,  married 
Fannie  King,  five  children  ;  Peter,  born 
March  24,  1840,  married  Magdalene 
King,  eight  children  ;  John,  born  Aug. 
18,  1845,  married  Catherine  Redeker  ; 
Andreas,  born  June  5,  1848,  married 

'  Elizabeth  Zear;  David,  born  July  29, 
1850.  married  Maria  A.  Risser ;  Chris- 
tian, born  May  26,  1843  ;  Samuel,  born 
Jan.  12,  1855,  married  Fannie  Risser; 
Catherine,  born  Oct.  1,  1842. 

ULLRICH,  LUDWIG,  farmer; 
P.  0.  Eui-eka ;  was  born  in  Waldrake, 
Russia,  May  15,  1813 ;  son  of  Adam  and 
Catharine  Ullrich  ;  he  remained  in  the 
old  country  until  1846,  where  he  was 
engaged  in  farming ;  he  tlien  emigrated 
to  America  in  a  sailing  vessel ;  75  days 
in  making  the  trip  ;  landed  in  N.  Y.  ; 
here  he  remained  but  a  short  time, 
thence  West  to  Butler  Co.,  0.,  where  he 
was  engaged  as  a  fiu-m  hand  for  four 
years  ;  thence  to  Illinois,  and  settled  in 
Tazewell  Co.,  near  Groveland;  here  one 
year;  he  married,  July  1,  1851,  Miss 
Phoebe  Gingerrich,  daughter  of  Chris- 
tian  and  Elizabeth  Gingerrich  ;  she  was 
born  Jan.  30,  1829  ;  he  then  in  1858 
came  to  Woodford  Co.  and  settled  on 
the  place  he  is  now  on,  a  fine  improved 
farm  of  110  acres,  all  made  by  good 
management  and  hard  labor  ;  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Lutheran  Church  ;  four  chil- 
dren— Peter,  Lizzie  (married  to  the 
Rev.  Christian  Plamback,  who  died 
Nov.  13.  1873),  Louisa,  Lewis. 

VANDYKE,  W.  G.,  miller ;  P.  0. 
Eureka. 

Voltz  &  Son,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Voltz,  Jacob,    P.  0.  Eureka. 

Vanfossen,  W.  H.,  meat  market ;  P.  0. 
Eureka. 

Vanfossen,  Jno.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.   Eureka. 

Van  Hove,  Harm,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

VANDYKE  &  GIFT,  proprietors 
Orient  Mills  ;  P.  0.  Eureka.  The  Ori- 
ent Mill  is  one  of  the  best  equipped 
flour-mills  in  this  vicinity,  and  flour 
manufactured  here  is  second  to  none 
manufactured  in  the  State  of  Illinois. 
The  building  is  three  and  a  half  stories 
high,  contains  three  sets  of  stones, 
which   are   turned    by    steam,  48-horse 


power  engines,  with  a  capacity  for  manu- 
facturing forty  barrels  of  flour  per  day  , 
the  finest  brands  of  flour  turned  out 
from  this  mill  are  the  Orient  A.,  Pre- 
mium, and  New  Process,  all  of  which 
find  ready  sales  in  Illinois  and  Indiana. 
William  G.  Vandyke  was  born  in  Mer- 
cer Co.  Nov.  18, 1828  ;  son  of  John  and 
Dicie  Vandyke ;  he  was  raised  on  his 
father's  farm  ;  in  1855,  he  came  to  Eu- 
reka, and  commenced  the  flour  -  mill 
business,  which  he  has  been  engaged 
in  ever  since,  except  foui*  years  engaged 
in  the  grain  and  stock  business ;  in 
1868,  he  and  Mr.  W.  R.  Adams  built 
the  Orient  flour-mill.  Mr.  Adams  re- 
mained as  partner  until  1874;  in  1875, 
Mr.  John  W.  Gift  purchased  one-half 
interest,  and  to- day  forms  the  firm  of 
Messrs.  Vandyke  &  Gift.  Mr.  Gift  is  a 
native  of  Pennsylvania,  and  has  had  a 
number  of  years'  experience  in  the 
manufacturing  of  flour. 

W ATKINS,  MRS.   SARAH,  P.  0. 
Eureka. 

West,  Chas.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Wood,  J.  G.,  Constable  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Ward,  Harriett,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Ward,  J.  S.,  teacher;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Wiggins,  Andrew,  laborer ;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

Wiggins,  Geo.,  laborer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Willis,  P.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

WARD,  W.  B.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eu- 
reka. The  above-named  gentleman  is 
one  of  the  successful  farmers  of  Wood- 
ford Co. ;  was  born  in  Marshall  Co., 
West  Va.,  May  17,  1829;  his  parents 
are  William  and  Margaret  Ward.  He 
married  Nov.  13,  1853,  in  Brook  Co., 
West  Va.,  to  Miss  Sarah  E.  Hedges,  of 
Brook  Co.,  West  Va.  She  was  born 
Nov.  7,  1854.  They  moved  to  Wood- 
ford Co.,  and  settled  near  the  place  that 
they  now  live  on.  Here  they  remained 
one  year.  In  1856,  they  moved  on  the 
present  farm  ;  owns  280  acres  of  fine 
improved  land  ;  four  children — Moses 
Wyley,  William  E.,  Ulysses  Ellsworth, 
Mary  Adella.  Mr.  Ward,  in  his  politi- 
cal opinions,  is  Republican;  a  member 
of  the  Methodist  Church  since  1854. 
Socially,  he  has  a  pleasing  address  and 
genial  manners  that  win  the  respect 
of  all. 

Wright,  A.  E.,  student ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Wright,  B.  T.,  clothier;  P.  0.  Eureka. 


610 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


Wricht,  S.,  dry  goods  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Wright,  J.  C,  carpenter;   P.  0.  Eureka. 
West,  J.  L.,  wagon  mkr. ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Wright,  Elisha,  sewing  machine  agent;  P. 

0.  Eureka. 
Wagner,  John,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Wen<rer,  Fred,  farmer  ;   P.    0.  Eureka. 
Wert^z,  F.,  former;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Wenger,  John,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Wood,  Leroy,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Wilkinson.  J.  H.,  farmer;  P.  O.  Secor. 
Wyatt,  Greo.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Watkins,  Amos,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Ward,  W.  T.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 


Wiltz,  John,  farmer ;  P.  O.  Eureka. 
Wright,  A.  M.,  farmer;    P.  0.  Eureka. 
Wright,  Henry,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Wright,  James,  firmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

YERKAS,  REBECCA,  MRS.  P.  0. 
Eureka. 
Yoerger,  Mary  J.,  dress  mkr.;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Yotty,  J.  C,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Eureka. 
Yotty,  Jos.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Yotty,  John,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Yotty,  Christian,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
n^'IMMER,  Conrad,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 


MONTGOMERY    TOWNSHIP. 


A  LLISON,  JAMES  A.,  former;  | 
r\  p.  0.  Eureka ;  born  in  GalHa  Co., 
0.,  Oct.  21,  1828  ;  is  the  son  of  Daniel 
and  Margaret  Allison.  In  1831,  he 
came  with  his  parents  to  Illinois.  His 
father  settled  in  McLean  (now  Wood- 
ford) Co.,  purchasing  at  first  only  80 
acres  of  land ;  to  this  he  added  by  pur- 
chases from  the  Government  until  he 
was  the  possessor  of  610  acres  ;  this  he 
accumulated  by  honest  toil  and  good 
management.  He  died  in  April,  1864, 
at  the  advanced  age  of  86  years,  having 
been  a  consistent  member  of  the  M.  E. 
Church  for  over  50  years.  His  wife 
preceded  him  some  seven  years,  at  the 
age  of  72.  James  remained  with  his 
father  until  his  majority,  forming  dur- 
ing the  Summer  months,  and  attending 
district  school  during  the  Winter.  Was 
married  Dec.  15,  1853,  to  Mary  P. 
Ewins,  a  native  of  New  Hampshire. 
Has  eight  children  living — Susan  E., 
Ida  M.,  James  D.,  Leroy  W.,  Minnie 
B.,  Mary  E.,  Joe  F.  and  John  E.  ;  one 
dead,  Martha  M.  He  was  a  member  of  i 
the  86th  111.  Vol.,  and  was  in  the  ser- 
vice three  years.  After  the  first  year 
he  was  transferred  to  the  Veteran  Re- 
serve Corps.  Owns  400  acres  of  land, 
worth  S16,000.  Republican.  Was 
elected  Justice  of  the  Peace  in  the 
Spring  of  1S77,  which  office  he  now 
holds.  ' 


BECK,    PETER,  former  ;  P.  0.  Dan- 
vers. 

Brachen,  H.  D.,  firmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Beek,  Christian,  former  ;  P.  0.  Danvers. 

Brown,  Jos.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Danvers. 

Brown,  John  F.,  former;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 

Brown,  Isaac  0.,  far.  ;    P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 

Builta,  John,  former;  P.  0.  Danvers. 

Bell,  Thos.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Deer  Creek. 

Bilder,  Charles,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Danvers. 

Bachmann,  Jos.,  former  ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 

Bindschoedler,  H.  J.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Oak 
Grove. 

Brown,  Alex.,  former;   P.  0.  Danvers. 

Bindschoedler,  Henry,  former ;  P.  0.  Oak 
Grove. 

Bell,  Beuj..  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Deer  Creek. 

Baker,  Jos.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

Barritt,  J.  H.,  former ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Brust,  Peter,  former  ;   P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 

BOGGS,  FRANCIS  H.,  former; 
P.  0.  Danvers ;  wa.s  born  in  Juniata 
Co.,  Pa.,  July  15,  1814,  and  is  the  son 
of  Alexander  and  Amelia  Boggs  ;  father 
of  Pennsylvania,  mother  of  Scotland. 
When  he  was  but  21  years  old,  he  went 
to  Ohio,  and  was  enojaijed  in  milling; 
and  farming  in  the  counties  of  Butler, 
Hamilton  and  Preble;  thence  to  Vicks- 
burg,  Miss.,  where  he  was  ensiaoed  in 
the  carpenter  business  for  seven  months  ; 
thence  to  St.  Louis.  Co.  Mo.,  here  one 
year ;  from  here  he  came  to  Woodford 
Co.,  111.,  and  settled  near  Versailles  in 


MONTGOMERY  TOWNSHIP. 


611 


1837.  He  remained  here  until  1849, 
and  then  moved  on  the  place  he  now 
lives  on.  Married  in  1840  to  Elizabeth 
Vance.  Four  children  living — Jane  A., 
married  C.  J.  Wheeler ;  Martha  L., 
married  Geo.  L.  Huxtable ;  Mary  E., 
married  ^Ir.  Fry  ;  Maria,  married  W. 
H.  Brown.  His  son,  Francis  H.,  en- 
listed in  Co.  E,  94th  111.  Vol.  Inf.,  for 
three  years  or  during  the  war ;  taken 
sick  and  died  at  Forsyth,  Mo.,  in 
Jan.,  1863  ;  remains  brought  home  and 
buried  at  Stout's  Grove  Cemetery.  Mr. 
Boggs  has  held  office  as  Constable  for 
six  years.  Member  of  the  Baptist 
Church. 

/~^ROSSMAN,  A.   M.,  farmer;  P.  0. 

\y     Eureka. 

Caffenberger,  Adam,  farmer  ;  P.O.  Eureka. 

Cooper,  Sylvester,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Clymer,  Christian,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Cherington,  Leander,  fir.;  P.O.  Deer  Creek. 

Clement,  Charles,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Claywell  George,  retired  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Caldwell,  Wm^,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Deer  Creek. 

ChaflTer,  Jno.  H.,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Washington. 

DOETWEILER,  JOHN,  farmer  ;  P. 
0.  Oak  Grove. 
Daniel,  C.  B.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Daniel,  Samuel,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Daniel,  F.  W.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Diedrich,  Biekman,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Dann  Joseph,    P.  0.  Washington. 
Dirks,  Edward,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Deer  Creek. 
Doebler,  F.,   P.  0.  Washiniiton. 

EHRESMAN,  CHRIST,   farmer  ;  P. 
0.  Deer  Creek. 
Ewing.  John,   P.  0.  Deer  Creek. 
Ehresman,  Fannie,  far. ;  P.  0.  Deer  Creek. 
Ehin,  John,  former;  P.  0.  Deer  Creek. 
En^el,  Rudolph,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

F'  ENLEY,   JAMES,   farmer;   P.    0. 
Eureka. 
Pledger,  Frank,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Finley,  John  J.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Finley,  John,  Jr.,  former;   P.  0.  Eureka. 
Finley,  Robert,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Finley,  George,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Field,  Benjamin,  farmer;  P.  0.  Deer  Creek. 
Field,  George,  farmer;  P.  0.  Deer  Creek. 
Field,  Henry,  farmer  ;  P.  0.    Deer  Creek. 
Field,  Mary,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Deer  Creek. 

GARBER,  JOSEPH,  farmer  ;  P.  0. 
Eureka. 
Garber,  Samuel,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Gurtner,  Christian,  P.  0.  Deer  Creek. 


Gerher,  Barbara,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Gotzman,  Carl,  former;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Gailey,  Joseph,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Graham,  James,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Gerth,  Christ,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Gerth,  John,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Gerth,  C.  v.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Garber,  John,  farmer  ;   P.  0.   Eureka. 
Grath,  Christian,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

HARBAUGH,  H.  N.,  farmer  ;  P.   0. 
Eureka. 
Huppert,  Wm.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Hoffman,  George,  former ;  P.  0.   Eureka. 
Herrold,  Joseph,   P.  0.  Eureka. 
Habeck,  Adolph,  former ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Holbrook,  J.  N.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Hoelderle,  Magnus,  former  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Heineiger,  John,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Heineiger,  Nicholaus,  for. ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Hartley,  M.  E.  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Hohulin,  Gottleib,  farmer;   P.  O.Eureka. 
Hepperly,  Wm.  P.,  far  ;  P.  0.  Washington. 
Hodel,  Michael,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Hoffman,  Auuust,  former,  P.  0.  Eureka 
ROX,  JACOB,  former  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 


I 


TT^ETTELLE,  E.  L.,  P.  0.  Deer  Creek. 

Kettelle,  C.  A.,  P.  0.  Deer  Creek. 
Kinzinger,  Michael,  far.  ;   P.  0.    Danvers. 
Kinzinger,  Jacob,  far.;  P.  0.  Danvers. 
Kauffman,  Jonathan,  for.  ;  P.  0.  Danvers, 
Kingsolver,  Charles,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Cruger. 
Kingsolver,  Isaac,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Cruger. 
Kaiser,  Emerich,  farmer;  P.  0.  Cruger, 
Kath,  Carl,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Koeller,  Abraham,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Kradolfer,  Geo,,   P,  0.  Washington. 
Koehler,  Christian,  far.  ;  P.  O.  Eureka. 
Klee,  Jacob,  farmer;  P.  ().  Eureka. 

LAUTZ,  SOLOMON,  former;  P.  0. 
Danvers, 
Lollis,  Michael,  former ;  P,  0.  Eureka. 
Leitwein,  Jos.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

M 'CLOUD,     Wm.,    farmer;     P.     0. 
Washington. 
Moore,  James,  farmer  ;   P.  O.  Oak  Grove. 
Miller,  Michael,  former ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Mourer,  Jacob,  former ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Miller,  Jacob,  Jr.,  far;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Milar,  Wm.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Cruger. 
Mericle,  John,  farmer;  P.  0.  Cruger. 
McCluud,  James,  far. ;  P.  0.  Washinuton, 
McCloud,  Geo.  W.  far.;  P.  0.  Washington, 
McNutt;  J.  D.,  far.  ;  P.  0,  Washington. 
McClintock,  J.  J.,  for.;  P.  0.  Washington. 


612 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


Miller,  Jacqb,  Sr.,  far. :  P.  0.  Cruger. 
Meek,  Henry  B.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Milar.  Jno..  P.  ().  Cniirer. 
MOORE,  JOSIAH,  farmer:   P.   0. 
Oak  Grrove  ;  was  born  in  Elkhart  Grove, 
111.,  in  1822,  and  is  the  son  of  Wm.  C. 
and  Sina  Moore  ;  his  father  settled  in 
Illinois  at  an  early  day  ;  Mr.  Moore  has 
been  engaged  in  farming  all  his  life,  ex- 
cept in   18-49  he  went  to  California  en- 
gaged in  mining,  which  business  he  was 
successful  in,  but  on  returning  home  he 
was  robbed  on  board  a  Mississippi  steam- 
boat at  New  Orleans,  of  all  his  money, 
$2,2-10  in  gold,  leaving  him  only  twenty 
dollars  of  his  hard  earnings ;   he  came 
home  and  in  1851  he  married  Miss  Mi- 
nerva Brown ;  Mr.  Moore  is  a  member  of 
the    Christian    Church :     his    political 
opinions    are    Republican ;    owns  a  fine 
improved  farm  of  221  acres  ;  his  father, 
Wm.  C.  Moore,  was  born  Feb.  3.  1794 ; 
died  Dee.  2(5,  1848. 
MAURER,  NICHOLAS,  flirmer; 
p.   O.   Danvers ;    was    born    in    France 
1822  ;  his  father,  Nicholas  Maurer,  was 
a  farmer  ;  here  Mr.   Maurer   spent  his 
younger  days  working  on  the  farm  ;  his 
father  died  when  he  was  about  13  years 
old  ;  this  put  him  out  in  the  world  to 
work  for  himself :  his  first  work  one  year 
was  for  Sl-4.40  and  clothing  ;  next  two 
years  for  §20.00  per  year  ;  here  he  saved 
money    enough  to  pay  his   passage    to 
America  in  1839  ;  when  he  landed  here 
was  without  money  and  friends ;  he  set 
out  from  New  Orleans,  this  being  the 
port   he   landed    at,    having    been    56 
days  in  making  the  trip  ;  by  steamer  he 
went  to  Cincinnati,  0.,  then  to  Butler 
Co.,  and  commenced  to  farm  at  §10  per 
month  ;  he  came  to  Woodford  Co.  ;  his 
first  work  here  was  with  his  uncle  at 
$5  per  month  ;  in  1845  he  purchased  80 
acres  of  land,  and  to-day,  with  hard  labor 
and  good  management,  is  one  of  the  suc- 
cessful farmers  of  Woodford  Co. ;  owns 
a  fine  improved    farm,    990   acres:    he 
married   twice;     1849,    to    Miss    Mary 
Bechler  ;  one  child ;  second  wife  Mary 
Choler  ;  four  children. 

^TAFFZINGER,   P.   R.,  farmer;   P. 

JJN       0.  Cruger. 

Naffzinger,  Jacob,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Cruger. 

Niergarth,  Rosina,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Newall,  Frank,  farmer  ;  P.  0.   Cruder. 


Niergarth,  Wm.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

OYER,  CHRISTIAN,  farmer;    P.  0. 
Deer  Creek. 
Oyer,  Andrew,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Deer  Creek. 
Ory,  Anthony,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 

PARKER,  JNO.   H.,  farmer  ;  P.   0. 
Eureka. 

Pepper,  J.  S.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Platner,  Daniel,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

Phillips,  Jno.  M.,  far. ;  P.  0.  Deer  Creek. 

PHILLIPS,  JAMES  V.,  farmer  ; 
P.  0.  Oak  Grove.  The  subject  of  this 
sketch  is  one  of  the  oldest  settlers  of 
Montgomery  Township,  having  made 
his  home  here  in  Jul}',  1832.  He  first 
purchased  40  acres  of  land,  and  com- 
menced farming;  by  hard  labor  and 
good  management,  he  is  to-day  one  of 
the  successful  farmers  of  Montgomery 
Township.  He  was  born  in  Overton 
Co.,  Tenn.,  June  13,  1808;  son  ol  Glen 
and  L.  (McCord)  Phillips,  of  North 
Carolina,  having  settled  in  Tennessee  at 
an  early  day.  Mr.  Phillips  left  Tennes- 
see with  his  uncle  and  mother  i^his 
father  died  while  in  the  war  of  1812); 
they  came  to  Illinois,  and  settled  in 
McLean  County,  in  1828;  here  Mr. 
Phillips  commenced  farming  ;  was  in  the 
Black  Hawk  war  of  1832 ;  returned  home 
at  the  close  of  the  war,  and  married  Miss 
Jane  Jones,  daughter  of  Ellis  Jones, 
and  settled  on  the  farm  that  he  now 
lives  on.  Nine  children.  Democrat  in 
politics. 

tSeEL,  GEO.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Robinson,  J.  E.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Reynolds,  F.  H.,  farmer.;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Rinkenberger,  G.,  farmer;  P.O.  Danvers. 
Rinkenberger,  P.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Danvers. 
Ramseyer,  Jos.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Robinson,  H.  M.,  ftu-mer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Rush,  Geo.,  farmer;  P.  0.   Eureka. 
Reed,  Jos.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washington. 
Reed,  L.  J.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Washington. 

ROBINSON,  HENRY  M.,  stock 

dealer  and  farmer  ;  P.  O.  Eureka.  The 
subject  of  this  sketch  is  one  of  the  best 
known  and  highly  regarded  farmers  of 
Woodford  County,  having  resided  in 
Woodford  County  since  1842;  he  was 
born  in  Co.'ihocton,  Ohio,  June  13,  1814, 
and  is  the  son  of  Col.  James  Robinson, 
of  Clarksburg,  Va.,  who  was  engaged  in 
the  war  of  1812;  his  grandfather,  Wm. 


MONTGOMERY  TOWNSHIP. 


613 


Kobinson,    was    the    first    merchant    of 
Clarksburg,    Va.,    and    introduced    the 
first  coffee  for  sale  in  West  Virginia ;  in 
1801,  Wm.  Kobinson,  with  his  family, 
emigrated  to  Ohio,  and   settled  in  Co- 
shocton, purchasing  4,000  acres  of  land; 
this  family  was  known  to  be  among  the 
largest  laud  owners  in  Ohio  ;    here  Mr. 
H.  M.  Robinson  remained  on  his  father's 
farm,  engaged  in  farming  from  the  time 
he  was  able  to  hold  the  plow,  and  in  the 
Winter  months,  gathering  what  instruc- 
tion   the   schools    of  the   period  could 
afford ;  at  24  years  of  age,  he  started  on 
horseback  for  Illinois,  and    stopped  at 
Tazewell  County;  here  he  remained  but 
a  short  time  ;  in  1839,  he  went  to  Iowa, 
and  attended  the  first  laud  sale  at  Bur- 
lington, and  purchased  200  acres  of  laud ; 
in    1842,  he   returned  to   Illinois  and 
settled  on  the  place  that  he  now  lives 
on ;    after   remaining   here    about    two 
years,  he  owned  500  acres  of  land,  and 
to-day    is    the   largest    land    owner    in 
Woodford  County ;  he  owns  2,500  acres 
of  land;    also  one  of  the  largest  stock 
dealers  in  Woodford  County ;  his  suc- 
cess in  life  has  been  attributed  to  hard 
labor,  good  management  and  industry. 
He  married,  in  1842,  Miss  Nancy  Alli- 
son,   of   Ohio ;     she    lived   six   years ; 
four  children — James  E.,  married  Miss 
Elizabeth   Belle   Vance ;     Rebecca    H., 
married    Daniel    Chaffer;     Martha    S. 
and  Henry  M.  Jr.;  married  the  second 
time  to  Mary  Little,  of  Ohio,  in  1849. 
Mr.    Robinson's    political    opinions    are 
Republican.     Socially,  he  has  a  pleas- 
ing   address  and  genial    manners    that 
win  the  respect  of  all. 
BAMSEY,  JAMES,  farmer;  P.  0. 
Deer  Creek  ;  was  born  in  Franklin  Co., 
0.,  Dec.  14,  1817  ;  .son  of  William  and 
Hannah   (Cox)   Ramsey,    of   Virginia. 
Having  come  to  Ohio  at  an  early  day, 
in    1827  moved  to  Illinois  and  settled 
near    what   is    now    Bloomington,    111., 
thence  to  Tremont,  111.     Here  'Squire 
Ramsey  lived  until  he  was  23  years  of 
age;  in  1843,  he  settled  near  the  place 
he  now  lives  on;  in  1844,  he  married 
Miss    Ann   M.   Harding,   of   England, 
daughter    of    William    Harding,     con- 
tractor.    She  came  to  America  in  1832. 
Three  children  living.      'Squire  Ramsey 
has  held  several  offices  of  public  trust 


in  his  township — Supervisor,  Justice  of 
the  Peace ;  is  a  member  of  the  Presby- 
terian Church ;  Republican  in  politics. 
When  he  first  came  to  Woodford  Co. 
he  was  worth  about  8300  ;  with  hard 
labor  and  good  management  is,  to-day 
one  of  the  successful  farmers  of  Wood- 
ford Co. ;  owns  a  fine  farm  of  500  acres. 

Ramsey,  W.  C,  former;  P.  0.  Washington. 

Rinkenberger,  Jno.,  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Risser,  John,  P.  0.  Washington. 

Risser,  Christian,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Rinkel,  John,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Ropp,  Christian,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Danvers. 

STEUBHAR,  F.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Wash- 
ington. 

Strubhar,  V.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washington. 

Spalts,  David,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Sharp,  Jonathan,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Danvers. 

Sharp,  John,  P.  0.  Danvers. 

Sharp,  Lea,  P.  0.  Danvers. 

Skaggs,  Geo.  L.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 

Sharp,  Peter,  farmer;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 

Stevens,  Cary,  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 

Stalter,  John,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Seougle,  Geo.  H.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Schrock,  Jos.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Danvers. 

Stumbaugh,  E.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washington. 

Stumbaugh,  G.  W.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Wash- 
ington. 

Small,  Mrs.  Alex. 

Sommer,  Magdalena,  farmer;  P.  0.  Deer 
Creek. 

Staub,  Kasper,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Simpson,  Henry,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Sommer,  Peter,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Schuler,  Matthias,  farmer;    P.  0.  Eureka. 

Simmons,  E.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

Sied,  Henry,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

Small,  C.  S.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Deer  Creek. 

Skinner,  R.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washington. 

Stumbaugh,  S.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Cruger. 

Stumbaugh,  J.  P.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Deer 
Creek. 

Saltzman,  Jos.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Danvers. 

Strausbaugh,  A.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Deer  Creek. 

Simpson,  S..  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Simpson,  AV.  A.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Schwabe,  A.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Strausbaugh,  J.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Strausbaugh,  D.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Schnurr,  L.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Elureka. 

Siebert,  Henry,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Staub,  Jacob,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Samuel,  John,  former;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Sevens.  John  W.,  far. ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 

8 


614 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY; 


Stevens,  Wm.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Stevens.  Adam,  farmer  :  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 

STUMBAUGH,  NANCY,  MRS. 

P.  0.  Deer  Creek ;  was  born  near 
Columbus,  0.,  Feb.  21,  1812,  and  is 
the  daughter  of  Percival  Adams,  of 
Pennsylvania,  who  was  among  the  fir.st 
settlers  in  Ohio,  having  made  his  home 
here  in  1805.  Mrs.  Stumbaugh  was 
raised  on  her  father's  farm,  in  the  Win- 
ter months  attending  the  district  schools. 
In  1832,  she  married  John  Stumbaugh, 
who  was  born  near  Columbus.  0.,  April 
IT,  1809.  After  they  married  they 
lived  on  his  fathers  farm  for  six  years. 
In  1839,  he  moved  to  Illinois  with  his 
wife  and  three  children  and  settled  in 
Montgomery  Tp.,  on  a  section  of  land 
which  was  entered  by  his  father,  and 
afterward  given  to  him.  Here  he  set 
out  in  farming.  He  was  very  success- 
ful in  life,  and  was  highly  re.spected  by 
his  fellowmen.  He  died  Feb.,  1871, 
leaving  a  wife  and  five  children — Eliza- 
beth ,  married  Geo.  Stumbaugh ;  Susan, 
married  L.  C.  Fisher;  George  W.,  mar- 
ried Miss  Ann  Mericle  ;  John  P. ,  mar- 
ried Martha  Milligan ;  Theodore  E., 
married  Miss  Kate  Kertell. 
TEPHENS,  ADAM,  farmer;  P.  0. 
Oak  Grove ;  was  born  in  Woodford  Co.,  , 
111.,  Nov.  25,  1839.  and  is  the  son  of  I 
Lewis  and  Melinda  (Hougham)  Ste- 
phens of  Highland  Co.,  0.;  having  emi- 
grated to  Illinois  and  settled  on  Kicka- 
poo  River  in  1830,  then  to  Woodford 
County  in  1831.  and  settled  on  forty 
acres  of  land  ;  here  he  remained  until  he 
died.  He  was  born  October  28,  1808, 
and  died  August  13,  1872  ;  his 
mother  was  born  April  8,  1808,  and 
died  October  15,  1853.  Mr.  Stephens 
remained  on  the  old  homestead  engaged 
in  farming,  and  the  Winter  months  at- 
tending school.  In  1871,  he  married 
Miss  Helen  Beck,  born  in  Woodford 
County,  111.,  Feb.  19,  1841,  and  is  the 
daughter  of  Peter  Beck,  who  made  his 
home  in  Woodford  County  at  an  early 
day.  They  have  three  children — Wil- 
He  A.,  born  March  24,  1872  ;  Lewis  D., 
Dec.  4,  1873  ;  and  Charles  A.,  Sept.  14, 
1875;  all  of  Woodford  County.  Mr. 
Stephens  has  held  several  offices  of  i 
public  trust  in  his  township  ;  is  to-day  j 
Supervisor   of   Montgomery  Township,  | 


which  office  he  has  filled  fir  the  last 
three  terms.  He  owns  2902  acres  of 
land.     Democrat  in  politics. 

TAYLOR,  AMBROSE,  farmer  ;  P.  0. 
Oak  Grove. 
UMMEL,  CHRISTIAN,  farmer;    P. 
0.  Eureka. 

Ummel  Eli.  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

TTANCE,  PETER  H.,  farmer ; 
V  P-  0.  Danvers  ;  was  born  in  Chris- 
tian County,  Ky..  April  20,  1816.  and 
is  the  son  of  James  and  Jane  B.  '  Hay) 
Vance  of  Ky.;  his  mother  died  in  Ken- 
tucky, 1824  ;  father  married  .second  time 
to  Miss  Mary  F.  Hay.  In  1835.  with 
his  father  and  family,  came  to  Illinois  in 
wagons  and  settled  on  the  south  side  of 
Stout's  Grove,  on  120  acres  of  land;  here 
they  remained  but  a  short  time.  In 
1835,  he  moved  to  Woodford  County 
and  settled  in  what  is  now  MonSgomery 
Township.  In  1842.  Mr.  Vance  was 
engaged  in  mining  in  Illinois  and  Wis- 
consin for  three  years ;  in  1845,  rt^urued 
home  and  mamed  Miss  Louisa  A. 
Mitchell,  of  Sangamon  Co.,  111.,  bnrn  in 
1824  ;  daughter  of  Rev.  Payton  Mitch- 
ell, who  settled  in  Illinois  in  1820. 
They  have  seven  children.  Mr.  Vance 
has  held  several  offices  of  public  trust 
in  Montgomery  Township ;  has  held 
office  of  Justice  of  the  Peace  twenty- 
four  years  ;  has  been  very  successful  in 
life  ;  owns  1,600  acres  of  fine  land,  and 
ranks  as  one  of  the  most  prominent  men 
of  Woodford. 

WARREN,    B.    T.,    farmer;     P.    0. 
Eureka. 
Walter,  Gotfried,    farmer ;     P.  0.  Eureka. 
Woodaate,  Henry,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Wagler.  John,  far. ;    P.  0.  Deer  Creek. 

YODER,  SAMUEL,   farmer ;    P.  0. 
Deer  Creek. 
Ydder,  Yost,  farmer:   P.  0.  Deer  Creek. 

ZIMMERMAN,  JOHN,  farmer  ;  P.  0. 
Danvers. 
Zimmerman,  Gustav,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Danvers. 
Zehr,  Joseph,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Zehr,  Magdalena,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Zehr,  Jacob,  Sr.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Zehr,  Jacob.  Jr..  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Zehr.  Daniel,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Eureka. 

ZIMMERMAN,    MICHAEL, 

farmer  ;  P.  O.  Danvers  ;  was  b(trn  in 
Baden.  German}',  Sept.  19,  182<t  ;  son 
of  Andrew  and  Annie  (Miller)  Zimmer_ 


WORTH  TOWNSHIP. 


615 


man,  of  Germany.  He  emigrated  to 
America  in  1839,  with  father  and  family, 
five  children  ;  was  thirty-one  days  on  the 
sea.  Settled  in  Butler  County,  Ohio; 
here  his  father  died.  In  1848,  he  left 
Ohio  and  came  to  Illinois  and  settled  in 
Tazewell  County  ;  thence  to  Woodford 
County  ;    he    first  purchased  100  acres 


of  land,  and  to-day  he  owns  330  acres  of 
fine  farming  land,  which  he  has  made  by 
good  management  and  industry.  He 
married  Miss  Catharine  Naffzinger,  born 
on  the  Atlantic  Ocean  ;  married  in  1845, 
and  have  nine  children.  Is  a  member  of 
the  Christian  Church  for  nineteen  years  ; 
is  Elder  of  that  church. 


WORTH    TOWNSHIP. 


ALIG,  CONRAD,  farmer;  P.  0. 
Spring  Bay. 

Alig,  Jacob,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Alig,  John,  Jr.,  far.;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Alii',  Wioo-ant.  fir. ;   P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

ALIG,  PETER,  hotel  and  farming; 
Sees.  4  and  27  ;  P.  0.  Metamora ;  born 
in  Bavaria,  Germany,  June  15,  1837  ; 
parents  emigrated  to  America  in  1846, 
coming  direct  to  Woodford  Co.,  111., 
where  the  subject  of  this  sketch  has  re- 
sided ever  since;  in  1862,  he  purchased 
772  acres  of  land  on  Sec.  4,  and  followed 
farming  until  March,  1876,  when  he  took 
possession  of  the  "  Union  House,"  which 
property  he  had  bought  in  December, 
1873.  He  married  Miss  Mary  Kleis  in 
January,  1865,  who  was  born  in  France 
Nov.  8,  1849  ;  have  six  children  living 
Margaret,  Mary,  Eva,  Rosa,  Anna,  John ; 
owns  134  acres  of  land  in  this  town- 
ship ;  has  held  various  town  offices,  and 
is  at  present  a  School  Director. 

Becker,  Jacob,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Belsley,  Barbara,  far. ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Buchler,  Jos.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Bowen,  Jas.  W.,  far.;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Bueltner,  Fred'k,  far. ;  P.  0.  Washington. 

BELSLEY,  CHRISTIAN,  farm- 

er ;  Sec.  24 ;  P.  0.  Metamora ;  was 
born  near  Alsace,  France,  June,  1828; 
parents  emigrated  to  America  in  1837, 
settling  first  in  what  is  now  Spring  Bay 
Township,  Woodford  County;  in  1857, 
Mr.  B.  moved  to  Roanoke  Township, 
purchasing  240  acres  of  land,  and  re- 
mained there  about  four  years  ;  then  re- 
turned to  Spring  Bay  Township,  stay- 
ing seven  years;  finally,  in  1868,  came 
to  Sec.  24,  Worth  Township,  his  present 
home.  Married  Miss  Mary  Switzer  in 
1855  ;  she  was  born  in  France,  Novem- 
ber, 1835;    have  eight  children — Mag- 


dalena,  Catharine,  Samuel,  IMary,  Fan- 
nie, Christian,  Moses,  Anna.  Mr.  B. 
owns  144  acres  in  Worth  Township,  240 
in  Metamora  and  280  in  Roanoke  Town- 
ship. 

BAUER,  ADAM,  farmer;  Sec.  21  ; 
P.  0.  Metamora  ;  born  in  Bavaria,  Ger- 
many, Aug.  15,  1838,  his  parents  emi- 
grating to  America  in  1841  ;  married 
Miss  Susan  Wieland  June  15,  1871 ; 
she  was  born  in  Worth  Town.ship,  Jan. 
1,  1855  ;  three  children  living — Mary 
v.,  born  March  10,  1872;  Maruaret, 
Feb.  6, 1876  ;  Peter  A.,  March  5, 1878 ; 
two  deceased — Lizzie  1st  died  Oct.  12, 
1873;  Lizzie  2d  died  Dec.  25,  1875. 
Mr.  B.  owns  80  acres  of  land. 

BAUER,  PETER,  Sr.,  deceased; 
born  in  Germany,  in  ISOO;  came  to  the 
United  States  in  1841,  direct  to  Wood- 
ford County,  and  died  in  June,  1849. 
He  married  Anna  3Iary  Ameyer  in 
1829  ;  she  was  born  in  1803,  and  now 
makes  her  home  with  her  son,  Adam 
Bauer;  they  had  seven  children,  four 
living — Leonard,  Peter,  Jr.,  Adam  and 
Sebastian  ;  three  deceased — Martin  1st, 
Martin  2d,  Maagie. 

BAUER,  PETER,  Jr.,  farmer 
and  merchant;  Sec.  21;  P.  0.  Meta- 
mora ;  was  born  in  Bavaria,  Germany, 
Nov.  3,  1835 ;  parents  emigrated  to 
America  in  1841,  coming  direct  to  111., 
and  settling  in  what  is  now  Worth 
Township  ;  He  was  married  to  Miss 
Elizabeth  Miller  June  27,  1862;  she 
was  born  in  Tazewell  Co.  in  1847  ;  four 
children  living — Anna  Mary  M.,  Adam 
P.,  John  B.,  Elizabeth  J.  ;  lost  one — 
Rosa,  died  Feb.  18,  1876;  Mr.  B.  was 
proprietor  of  the  Union  House,  in  this 
township,  from  April,  1872,  to  April 
1876  ;  now  keeps  a  stock  of  groceries. 


616 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


notions  and  small  wares ;  owns  69  acres 
of  land  in  Tazewell  Co. 

BLUM,  LEO,  farmer ;  Sec.  17  ;  P.  0. 
Spring  Bay  ;  was  born  in  Therold,  Aus- 
tria. June  28,  1832;  emigrated  to 
America  in  1857,  direct  from  New 
York  to  Peoria,  111.,  thence  to  Worth 
Township,  working  eleven  years  at  the 
carpenter's  trade;  in  1874,  bought  120 
acres  of  land  and  commenced  farming, 
and  now  owns  140  ;  married  Miss  Mary 
V.  Nagle  at  Catholic  Church,  in  Worth 
Township,  April  2,  1866  ;  she  was  born 
in  Austria,  April  20,  1837  ;  have  five 
children — Andrew,  born  May  26,  1867  ; 
Alexander,  March  5,  1870  ;  Mary 
Paulina,  Oct.  20,  1872  ;  Mary  Fannie, 
Oct.  20,  1873;  Leo  August,  Dec.  16, 
1877.. 

Brunner,  .Tno.,  farmer;  P.  O.   Metamora. 

BEHL,  JOHN,  former  ;  P.  0.  Spring 
Bay ;  Sec.  21  ;  was  born  in  Bavaria, 
Germany,  Aug.  18,  1818;  came  to  this 
county  in  1850,  coming  direct  to  his 
present  home ;  was  married  to  Miss  Mar- 
garet Haas,  of  Germany,  in  1840  ;  she 
died  in  Worth  Township,  in  June, 
1856,  leaving  two  children — Mary  Ann, 
born  in  1842;  Margaret,  born  in  1849. 
Man-ied  again  to  Miss  Eosa  Hain,  in 
Oct.,  1856.  She  was  born  in  Hessen, 
Germany,  Aug.  30,  1830.  Nine  chil- 
dren— Ferdinand,  born  Aug.  21,  1857; 
John,  Nov.  24,  1858  ;  Elizabeth,  Aug. 
25,1860;  Lucretia,  Sept.  12,  1862; 
Conrad  Wm.,  Jan.  21,  1865;  Amy 
Julia,  June  14,  1867  ;  Charles  P.,  July 
4,1870;  Mary,  Nov.  24,  1873;  Rosa, 
March  2,  1875  ;  owns  130  acres  land  in 
Worth  Township. 

BO  WEN,  WINFIELD  SCOTT, 

fiir.  ;  Sec.  36;  P.  0.  Washington  ;  born  in 
Woodford  Co.,  Nov.  20, 1847  ;  in  Spring 
of  1869,  commenced  working  with  his 
brother,  James;  160  acres  land  left  by 
his  father,  Bev.  John  Bowen,  who  died 
in  1876  ;  in  1873,  they  divided,  each 
taking  80  acres,  and  has  continued  so  to 
present  time  ;  married  Senith  A.  Baird, 
of  Tazewell  Co.,  Oct.  30,  1873,  who  was 
born  June  29,  1846;  two  children — 
Mattie  M.  E.,  born  Jan.  19, 1876  ;  Wm. 
W.  T.,  born  Oct.  12,  1877.  Mrs.  Bow- 
en's  parents  came  from  Owego,  N.  Y., 
in  1844,  locating  near  Washington, 
Tazewell    Co.        Her    father,     Thomas 


Baird,  was  killed  in  a  railroad  accident, 
which  occurred  in  the  Summer  of  1859, 
near  South  Bend,  Ind.  Mrs.  B.  has  re- 
ceived several  premiums  for  the  best 
equestrianship  at  several  State  and 
county  fairs,  from  1867  to  1873;  in  1867. 
at  Peoria,  receiving  a  prize  of  §41. 50  : 
in  1868,  State  Fair,  at  Decatur,  where 
thi're  were  twelve  competitors,  she  took 
the  prize  of  $50  ;  in  1869,  at  Peoria, 
prize  of  §100  (twelve  competitors;  ;  has 
taken  prizes  for  both  riding  and  driving. 
She  has  two  diplomas  presented  to  her, 
one  from  Fulton  Co.  and  one  from  Taze- 
well Co.  ;  took  first  prize  at  State  Fair, 
in  Sept.,  1873. 

CRESS,  CALVIN   P.,  farmer ;  P.  O. 
Washington. 

Cress,  P.  M.,  farmer ;    P.  0.  Washington. 

Cress,  B.  K.,  farmer:    P.  0.  Washington. 

CRESS,  ANDREW,  farmer;  Sec. 
35 ;  P.  0.  Washington ;  was  born  in 
Virginia  Aug.  7,  1809  ;  came  to  Illi- 
nois in  the  Fall  of  1833,  locating  on  the 
site  of  his  present  home;  in  1835,  his 
mother  and  five  children  left  Virginia 
and  located  in  Illinois  and  Iowa ;  Mr. 
C.  located  on  Congress  land ;  at  first 
entered  280  acres;  did  not  come  into 
market  until  1838.  He  married  Miss 
Mary  Kindig,  in  Tazewell  County,  Aug. 
21,  1834;  she  was  born  in  Lancaster 
Co.,  Pa.,  Sept.  11,  1811  ;  have  five 
children  living — Benjamin  K.  (married 
Mary  Beard),  Pay  ton  M.  (married  Liz- 
zie Crance,  who  died  in  Tazewell  Co., 
and  his  second  wife  was  Lizzie  Thomp- 
son), George  W.  (married  Celia  A. 
Thompson),  Andrew  J,  (married  Lura 
Cobb ),  Calvin  P.  (married  Lizzie  Baker, 
two  daughters  deceased),  Susannah 
(Mrs.  A.  Wallace,  died  at  home,  July 
19,  1858),  Mary  E.  (Mrs.  John  VVan- 
ger,  died  at  home,  Oct.31, 1868).  When 
Mr.  Cress  came  here,  in  1833,  he  found 
Peter  Klein,  John  Bromfield,  Z.  Hall 
and  'Squire  Mitchell ;  Indian  trails  were 
all  over  the  land  ;  he  came  here  in  lim- 
ited circumstances,  and  by  his  own  ex- 
ertions, aided  by  his  for-sighted  business 
views,  has  earned  a  handsome  compe- 
tence ;  after  supplying  each  of  his  five 
boys  with  a  farm,  he  now  has  240  acres 
of  splendid  land,  placed  in  a  sparsely 
settled  ( ounty  with  limited  resources, 
and   now  i-anking  among  the  first  and 


AVORTH   TOWNSHIP. 


617 


to 
by  the 


goes 


most   prosperous    fanners,    he 
prove  the  advantages   held  out 
flirm  to  energy. 

DUBOIS,  JOHN,  farmer;  P.  0.  Met- 
amora. 

Dubois,  Andrew,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Dubois,  Regina,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Danner,  Michael,  farmer;  P.  0.  Peoria. 

DALLOWITZ,  FRANK  C,  car- 
penter ;  P.  O.  Fondulac,  Tazewell  Co. ; 
was  born  Aug.  30, 1852,  on  the  steamer 
Montezuma,  during  the  voyage  from 
Austria  to  New  York  City.  Parents 
located  first  in  Waukesha  Co.,  Wis.,  for 
about  two  years ;  removed  then  to 
Michigan  (near  Grand  Rapids)  for  one 
year ;  then  back  to  Wisconsin ;  then 
Michigan,  Chicago,  Wisconsin,  again  to 
Chicago,  and  to  Peoria,  finally  locating 
in  Worth  Tp.  in  1859.  Mr.  D.'s 
mother  makes  it  her  home  at  J.  P. 
Wombacher's,  Sec.  32,  Worth  Tp.  His 
filth  er  died  in  Wisconsin  in  1856.  One 
sister,  Anna,  was  married  in  Peoria  in 
1872  to  Frank  Schmidt,  who  died  in 
1875. 

ENGLER,  ADAM,  farmer;  P.  O. 
Metamora. 

Esch,  Peter,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Esch,  Jos.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Eskstein,  Ferd.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

ESCH,  CHRISTIAN,  farmer;  Sec. 
22  ;  P.  0.  Metamora.  Born  in  France 
Aug.  26,  1818 ;  emigrated  to  America 
in  1837,  locating  near  Pekin,  111.,  re- 
maining three  or  four  years,  then  came 
to  his  present  location.  Married  Miss 
Anna  Gerber  in  August,  18-10,  who 
was  born  in  France  August,  1827. 
Three  children  —  Peter,  Joseph  and 
Lena.     Owns  554  acres  of  land. 

ESCH,  JOSEPH,  son  of  the  above, 
was  born  in  Worth  Tp.,  on  the  old 
homestead,  where  he  now  resides,  July 
16,  1851  ;  was  married  in  Metamora 
March  3,  1874,  to  Miss  Lizzie  Bach- 
man,  who  was  born  in  Woodford  Co. 
July,  1852.  They  have  two  children — 
Henry,  born  March  7,  1875;  Samuel, 
born  August  7,  1876. 

FELDKAMP,  PETER,  farmer ;  P.  0. 
Metamora. 
FISHER,     ANTHONY,     farmer; 
Sec.  13  ;    P.    0.  Metamora  ;    was  born 
in  Wurtemburg,  Germany,  Oct.  3, 1832. 
When    22    years  of  age,  came    to   the 


United  States,  settling  in  Allegheny 
Co.,  Pa.,  working  in  a  soda  factory  one 
year  ;  came  to  Illinois  and  Worth  Town- 
ship in  June,  1855,  locating  on  Sec.  16, 
working  as  day  laborer  among  the  farm- 
ers ;  then  to  Bureau  Co.  for  three  years, 
finally  to  his  present  home,  Sec.  13, 
purchasing  40  acres  of  X.  Lang,  and 
now  owns  lOO.  Married  Miss  Ursula 
Lang,  at  Peoria,  Sept.  27,  1859.  She 
was  born  in  Wurtemburg,  Germany, 
March  17,  1838 ;  have  six  children  liv- 
ing—Joseph  A.,  born  Feb.  19,  1860; 
Michael,  July  16,  1864;  Anton  C, 
July  9,  1868;  Terrise  K.,  Jan.  28, 
1871  ;  Mary  U.,  Oct.  21,  1873  ;  Mary 
A.,  April  5,  1876;  two  deceased — John 
C,  born  Jan.  27,  1862,  died  April  9, 
1871  ;  Elizabeth,  born  April  23, 
1867,  died  April  29,  1867.  Mrs. 
Fisher's  father  (Michael  Lang)  lives 
with  them ;  born  in  Germany,  Nov- 
ember, 1804.  Mr.  F.  was  elected  Com- 
missioner of  Highways  in  1874-5-6, 
and  again  in  April,  1878,  and  is  also 
School  Director  of  District  No.  1. 

Fagot,  Peter,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Pe(»ria. 

Fandel,  Micliael,  fav.  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

FANDEL,  NICHOLAS,  farmer; 
Sec.  20  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay  ;  was  bora 
in  Prussia  May  26,  1832  ;  emigrated 
to  America  in  1858,  coming  direct  to 
Worth  Township,  and  for  five  or  six  years 
engaged  among  the  farmers,  doing  farm 
work.  He  first  rented  95  acres  of  land 
from  Mrs.  Bromfield  for  six  years, 
then  purchased  80  acres,  where  he  now 
resides;  he  now  owns  153;  married 
Miss  Eva  Alig,  at  Peoria,  Feb.  10, 
1863;  she  was  born  in  Bavaria,  Ger 
many,  March  27,  1843  ;  six  children  liv- 
ing—Michael W.,  born  Feb.  S,  1865; 
Peter,  Feb.  17,  1867  ;  Gertrude,  Dec. 
10,  1868;  John,  March  10,  1871; 
Conrad,  April  30,  1873  ;  Mary,  Nov. 
16,1876;  lost  two — John,  born  Nov. 
3,  1863,  died  Nov.  4,  1863;  Jacob, 
born  May  28,  1875,  died  Jan.  26, 
1876.  Mr.  Fandel's  father,  Nicholas 
Fandel,  Sr.,  was  born  in  1786,  and 
died  in  1864;  his  mother,  Anna  Haus, 
born  in  1796,  and  died  in  Worth  Town- 
ship June  24,  1877. 

G REINER,  CHARLES,  farmer;  P. 
0.  Metamora. 

Gudeman,  Fred,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 


618 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


Geise)l,  L.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

(jlongloff,  Jiio.  B.,  fanner  ;  P.  O.  Metamora. 

Gerber,  Jos.,  fanner;  P.  O.  Metamora. 

GROVE,  BENJAMIN,  ftirmer; 
Sees.  25  and  2(i  ;  1*.  O.  Metamora  ;  was 
born  in  Virginia  March  28,  1816  ; 
parents  removed  to  Harrison  Co.,  Ind., 
Fall  of  same  year,  residing  there  nine- 
teen vears  ;  in  the  Fall  of  1835,  came  to 
Illinois,  locating  in  what  is  now  Worth 
Tp.,  Woodford  Co.  ;  his  father,  Simon 
Grove,  was  born  in  Virginia  June  4, 
iTSo.  and  buried  in  Tazewell  Co.  Sept. 
13,  1844;  his  mother,  Elizabeth  Grove, 
was  born  in  Virginia  Jan.  12,  1791,  and 
is  also  buried  in  Tazewell  Co. ;  her  death 
occurred  Sept.  8,  1858.  Mr.  G.  married 
Miss  Hauna  Rinehart  in  Tazewell  Co. 
Oct.  5,  1843;  she  was  born  in  Virginia 
March  23,  1815  ;  they  have  five  chil- 
dren living — Washington,  Wm.  Henry, 
Sarah  E.,  Nancy  Jane,  Elias  ;  owns  240 
acres  of  land  in  Worth  Tp.  Mr.  Grove 
is  one  of  the  early  })ioneers  locating  in 
this  section,  when  the  prospect  was  any- 
thing but  inviting :  inconveniences  and 
disappointments  were  not  uncommon  in 
those  early  days  ;  but  through  industry 
and  hard  labor,  coupled  with  unswerving 
integrity,  Mr.  G.  has  placed  himself  in 
his  ])resent  position. 

GROVE,    WASHINGTON,  son 

of  the  above,  was  born  in  Woodford 
Co.  April  1(1,  1849  ;  married  Miss  Mary 
Dellenbach  in  Tazewell  Co.  Jan.  4, 
1873,  who  was  born  in  Wortli  Tp.  Aug. 
15,  1852 ;  they  have  two  children — 
Ella  Jane,  born  July  8,  1875  ;  Sarah 
E.,  born  Dec.  28,  1877. 

Gudeman,  Fritz,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Greiner,  Michael,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Gerber,  Christian,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Gingerich,  Christian,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Grebner,  Fred.,    far. ;   P.   0.    Spring  Bay. 

Grebner,  Killian,  far. ;  P.  0.    Spring    Bay. 

Grebner,  Jacob,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Greobiel,  Daniel,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

HEE,  VALENTINE,  farmer;  P.  0. 
Metamora. 
Herman,  Geo.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washington. 
Hall,  Lewis,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora 
HoflPmiester,  Jacob,  far. ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Houscluildcr,  Jos.,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
HOSHOR,WM.,  fanner;  Sec.  29  ; 
P.  ().  Sining  l>ay  ;  was  born  in  Ohio, 
April,  1804  ;  came  to  Illinois,  and  what 


is  now  called  Woodford  Co.,  in  June, 
1828;  returned  to  Ohio  in  1831,  and 
in  the  Sj)ringof  1832  came  back  to  111.; 
married  Miss  Emily  Jones  in  1841  ;  sht 
was  born  in  Ohio,  and  died  in  Woodford 
Co.  about  1840.  His  second  wife  was 
Elonora  Williams  ;  married  in  1858 ; 
she  was  born  in  Ohio  ;  two  children  by 
first  marriage — Perry  (now  living  in 
Spring  Bay  Tp.),  Jane  (now  Mrs. 
Daniel  Jones  of  Partridge  Tp).  Mr. 
Hoshor  ranks  among  the  very  earliest 
settlers,  and  being  one  of  the  first  pioneers 
of  the  county,  a  further  history  of  him 
will  be  found  in  the  general  history  of 
the  work. 

HESSELEIN,  LEONHARD,far; 

Sec.  5  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay  ;  was  born  in 
Bavaria,  Germany,  Feb.  5,  1822,  com- 
ing to  America  in  1853,  and  direct  to 
Worth  Tp.,  Woodford  Co.,  111.,  renting 
124  acres  of  land  of  John  Haas,  and 
staying  about  seven  years  ;  then  to  Part- 
ridge Tp.  for  two  years  ;  then  to  his 
present  home  on  Sec.  5,  where  he  now 
owns  80  acres ;  married  Miss  Mary 
Dollinger  at  Peoria,  Aug.  10,  1853  ;she 
was  born  in  Bavaria,  Germany,  Jan. 
13,  1830  ;  have  had  eight  children,  five 
living — George,  Fredie,  John,  Abbie, 
William  ;  three  deceased — Leonard,  Jr., 
died  Nov.  1,  1854;  John,  April  26, 
1855;  Annie,  April  18,  1863. 

HANNER,  JOHN,  farmer;  Sec. 
5  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay ;  was  born  in 
Wurtemberg,  Germany,  in  May,  1818  ; 
emigrated  to  America  in  1849,  coming 
direct  to  Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y.,  remaining 
about  three  and  a  half  years,  then  re- 
turned to  Germany  for  three  months  ; 
came  back  to  Oneida  Co.,  working  about 
three  years  at  day  labor  ;  in  1856,  came 
to  Worth  Township,  and  has  resided 
here  ever  since  ;  his  first  pui'chase  of 
land  was  80  acres,  which  he  retained  for 
three  years  and  sold,  buying,  then,  166 
acres  of  John  Reising,  in  1864  ;  in  addi- 
tion, he  now  owns  320  acres  in  Living- 
ston Co.,  III.  ;  married  in  Oneida  Co., 
N.    Y.,    Jan.     1,    1854,    to    Margaret 

.  Shreive ;  she  was  born  in  Wurtemberg, 
Germany,  July  24,  1827 ;  they  have 
two  children — Margaret  Abbie,  born 
Nov.  28,  1855  (married  Israel  Schick- 
adanc,  of  Pontiac,  111.),  John,  born  Jan. 
2,  1859. 


AVORTH   TOWNSHIP. 


619 


Hoerner,  John,  farmer;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
Haas,  Ferdinand,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
Hertz,  Isrnatz,  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

HAEDICKE,    ADOLPHUS, 

farmer;  P.  0.  Peoria;  was  born  in 
Prussia,  Germany,  July  1,  1810;  emi- 
grated to  America,  in  1836,  landing  first 
in  New  York,  remaining  about  six 
months ;  then  to  Baton  Rouge,  La., 
staying  there  three  years,  finally  locat- 
ing permanently  in  Worth  Township,  in 
1840;  married  Miss  Hanna  S.  Brauti- 
gam,  at  Peoria,  111.,  Dec.  12,  1840  ;  she 
was  born  in  Prussia  Feb.  26,  1824; 
have  nine  children — Maria  E.,  Hen- 
rietta (now  Mrs.  E.  Schimpff,  of  Peo- 
ria), Augusta  (now  Mrs.  William  Speers, 
of  Kansas),  Christine  (now  ]Mrs.  M. 
Wagner,  of  Cazenovia),  William,  Fred- 
ericka  (now  Mrs.  R.  Hess,  of  Kansas), 
Hanna  (now  Mrs.  Henry  Ames,  of 
■  Kansas),  Adolphus,  Jr.,  Louisa;  owns 
165  acres  of  land  in  Worth  Township, 
15  acres  in  Tazewell  Co.,  111.,  160  in 
Kansas  and  a  town  lot  in  Peoria. 
lOERGER,  JACOB,  farmer;  Sec 
27  ;  P.  0.  Metamora ;  was  born  in 
Selz,  France,  Jan.  11,  1823;  parents 
emigrated  to  United  States  in  1839 ; 
left  April  7,  and  arrived  in  New  York  on 
the  4th  of  July  ;  when  about  twenty -five 
days  out,  encountered  a  terrible  storm, 
which  lasted  three  days  and  nights, 
threatening  destruction  to  the  ship  and 
cargo.  Went  from  New  York  to  Ohio  ; 
then  to  Evansville,  Ind.,  and  Peoria, 
111.  Upon  arrival  in  this  section,  his 
father  purchased  200  acres  of  land  of 
Sunderland,  which  he  afterward  sold, 
and  removed  to  Metamora,  and  died 
there  on  July  4,  1873.  He  was  born 
in  France,  1799.  His  wife  died  in 
France  in  1833.  Mr.  lan'ger  was  mar- 
ried Jan.  14,  1847,  to  Miss  Mary 
Hertz,  who  was  born  in  France  Aug.  20, 
1824.  Nine  children  living — Catherine, 
born  Dec.  6,  1848  (now  Mrs.  David 
Grenagle,  of  Metamora  Tp.)  ;  Henry, 
born  March  24,  1851  (married  Senora 
Brautigam)  ;  Frederick,  April  2,  1853  ; 
George,  March  18,  1855  ;  Peter,  June 
22,  1857;  Mary,  March  23,  1861; 
Elizabeth,  x\ug.  9,  1863;  Jacob,  Jan. 
9,  1867;  Joseph,  June  22,  1869;  two 
deceased — Louisa,  born  Nov.  14,  1847, 
died  Aug.  2,  1848  ;  Juha,  born  Aug.  9, 


1863,  died  Aug.  15,  1863.  Mr.  L 
was  an  early  settler  in  this  region,  and 
has  lived  to  see  Woodford  Co.  arow 
from  a  wilderness  to  what  it  now  is.  In 
1844,  went  with  his  fathef  to  Chicago, 
hauling  wheat,  which  was  worth  three 
bits,  driving  back  in  the  remarkable 
time  of  two  days  (150  miles.)  His 
first  land  purchase  was  120  acres,  all 
woods,  and  an  old  log  house  on  the  land. 
His  present  fine  residence  was  built  in 
1857.  He  now  owns  250  acres  in 
AVorth  Tp,  320  in  Panola,  and  97  in 
Metamora. 

JUNG,    GEORGE,    former;      P.    0. 
Spring  Bay. 

KLASSERT,  J.   G.,   farmer;    P.   0. 
Peoria. 

Kuhn,  F.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Kamm,  Casper,  farmer;    P.  0.  Metamora. 

Klassert,  Wm.,  farmer;  P.O.  Metamora. 

Kuhl,  Fred'k,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

KINDIG,  BENJAMIN,  deceased; 
born  in  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  March  31, 
1783 ;  moved  to  Virginia  in  1812,  set- 
tling in  Augusta  County ;  came  to 
Illinois  in  the  Fall  of  1833,  and  died  in 
January,  1856  ;  married  Esther  Witmer 
in  Pennsylvania  Oct.  20,  1807,  who 
was  born  March  3,  1785,  and  died  in 
Virginia,  Oct.  10,  1824,  leaving  seven 
children — Benjamin  W.,  born  Aug.  29, 
1808  ;  Esther,  born  Feb.  12,  1810,  died 
in  1843,  married  Jeremiah  Smith; 
Mary,  born  Sept.  24,  1811 ;  Magdalena, 
born  Oct.  3,  1813,  now  Mrs.  Jacob  J. 
Bonta,  of  Bates  Co.,  Mo.;  David,  born 
Sept.  12,  1816;  Leah,  born  Nov.  25, 
1820,  now  Mrs.  Jacob  Grove,  of  Mis- 
souri;  Henry  W.,  born  Aug.  28,  1823, 
died  March  13,  1864,  married  for  sec- 
second  wife  Abigail  Patterson,  in  Vir- 
ginia, in  1825  ;  she  wss  born  in  1807, 
and  died  in  Illinois,  July  1,  1835  ;  five 
children — Elizabeth,  born  July  4,  1826, 
died  in  1847  ;  Anna,  born  Jan.  1,  1828, 
died  April  26,  1835;  Susannah,  born 
Feb.  18,  1830,  now  Mrs.  B.  G.  Kindig, 
of  Greene  Township ;  Samuel,  born 
March  4,  1832,  married  Catharine  Bru- 
baker,  of  Missouri ;  Emanuel,  born 
Feb.  7,  1835,  married  Margaret  Wal- 
lace, of  Iowa ;  third  wife  was  Betsey 
Page,  married  Oct.  20,  1840,  born  in 
New  Hampshire,  Sept.  21,  1796,  and 
died  in  Illinois,  Jul)'  5,  1871. 


620 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


KINDIG,  DAVID,  farmer;  Sec.  86; 
P.  0.  Wa.shin^tiin  ;  was  born  in  Augusta 
Co.,  Va.,  Sept.  12,  1816  ;  came  to  Illi- 
nois in  the  Fall  of  1833,  locating  in 
Tazewell  County  ;  in  1840,  came  to  his 
present  home,  and  entered  203  aci'es  of 
land ;  he  married  Miss  Elizabeth  J. 
McCord,  in  Woodford  County,  Jan.  13, 
1844;  she  was  born  in  Tennessee,  March 
23,  1821,  and  died  in  Illinois,  April  9, 

1856,  leaving  five  children — Virginia 
A.,  born  April  23,  1846,  now  Mrs.  John 
VV.  Wilson,  of  Minonk  Township ; 
Eliza  Jane,  born  Sept.  10,  1847,  now 
Mrs.  J.  N.  McMurtrey,  of  Salem,  Mo.; 
Zurie  E.,  born  April  19,  1850;  Laura 
E.,  born  June  30,  1852  ;  Marion  A., 
born  April  26,  1855  ;  married  for  his 
second  wife  Miss  Ellen  Conn,  Feb.  26, 

1857,  who  was  born  in  Fayette  Co.,  Pa., 
Aug.  9,  1824.  Mr.  K.  is  one  of  the 
early  settlers,  coming  here  with  limited 
means,  and  by  his  industry  and  economy 
has  placed  himself  in  his  present  posi- 
tion ;  he  paid  60  per  cent,  for  use  of 
money  to  purchase  his  first  land  ;  he 
now  owns  324  acres  in  Woodford  Co.. 
200  in  Tazewell  Co.,  and  1,000  acres 
near  Fort  Scott,  Kansas. 

Kiesewetter,  Peter,  far. ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Kienhoefer,  Michael,  far.;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

KINDIG,  BENJAMIN  W.,  far. ; 

Sec.  6,  Washington  Township,  Tazewell 
County  ;  P.  0.  Washington  ;  was  born  in 
Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  Aug.  29,  1808; 
parents  moved  to  Virginia  in  1812,  and 
in  1833  came  to  Illinois,  but  Mr.  K.  re- 
mained in  Virginia  until  1842,  then  came 
to  Tazewell  Co.,  Ill  ;  he  married  Eliza 
Kindig  in  Virginia  Dec.  12,  1833,  who 
was  born  July  8,  1816,  and  died  in  Illi- 
nois May  2,  1844 ;  four  children — 
Hadessah  E.,  born  Dec.  29,  1834  (now 
Mrs.  G.  W.  Leonard,  of  Roanoke  Tp.); 
David  H.,  born  April  9,  1837,  and  died 
February,  1839  ;  John  J.,  born  June 
25,  1839,  and  died  in  the  army  Jan.  25, 
1863 ;  William  F.,  born  Feb.  12,  1842, 
and  at  last  accounts  living  in  Nebraska. 
Second  wife  was  Elizabeth  T.  Page ; 
married  Sept.  26,  1844;  born  Jan.  11, 
1812,  and  died  Aug.  15,  1868;  five 
children— Eliza  A.,  born  Oct.  12,  1845 
(now  Mrs.  Robert  S.  Stewart,  of  Red 
Oak,  la.);  Mary  M.,  born  Dec.  15. 
1847,   died  June  5,   1860;    Clara   E.,' 


born  April  9,  1850.  died  Jan.  22,  1872 
(married  J.  W.  Stewart,  of  Missouri)  ; 
Adino  B.,  born  Jan.  4,  1853,  living  in 
Iowa;  Delila  E.,  born  Oct.  9,  1855,  liv- 
ing in  Iowa.  Third  wife  was  Elizabeth 
Arnold  ;  married  at  Washington.  111., 
Oct.  14,  1869  ;  she  was  born  in  Indiana 
Sept.  27,  1829.  In  the  Spring  of  1 843, 
Mr.  K.  located  where  his  brother  David 
now  resides,  remaining  one  year ;  going 
to  Metamora  Tp.  in  the  Fall  of  1844, 
and  stayed  until  the  Fall  of  18()9  ;  then 
came  to  his  present  home  ;  from  August, 
1872,  to  Feb.,  1876,  was  engaged  in 
mercantile  trade  in  Washington  ;  owns 
67  acres  of  land — 20  acres  in  Iowa  and 
house  and  lot  in  Washington.  In  1845, 
in  what  is  now  Metamora  Tp.  (then 
called  Hanover),  the  first  church  was 
organized  by  Elder  Palmer,  of  the  Chris- 
tian Church.  Mr.  Kindig  was  an  active 
member  upon  its  organization,  and  has 
been  for  forty-two  years  connected  with 
this  denomination.  S.  S.  Park  was  the 
first  and  Mr.  K.  the  second  County  Sur- 
veyor of  Woodford  Co.,  being  elected  in 
1843. 
KLUG,  JOHN,  farmer ;  Sec.  26 ;  P. 
0.  iMetamora ;  born  in  Bavaria,  Ger- 
many, Sept.  27,  1834;  came  to  this 
country  in  the  Spring  of  1847,  stop- 
ping at  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  thence  to 
Peoria,  arriving  there  about  Aug.  16, 
remaining  there  about  17  years,  work- 
ing at  carpenter  trade.  He  married 
Miss  Christine  Felckel  at  Peoria,  June 
10,  1860.  She  was  born  in  Peoria,  June 
7,  1842.  In  1863,  Mr.  K.  left  Peoria 
for  Tazewell  Co.,  renting  150  acres; 
stayed  two  years,  then  to  Stark  Co.,  111. ; 
bought  40  acres  there  and  followed 
farming  eight  or  nine  months  ;  sold  out 
and  returned  to  Tazewell  Co.  for  one 
year,  then  to  Sec.  32,  Worth  Tp., 
purchasing  80  acres  of  Henry  Rocke, 
remaininc:  one  year ;  finally  came  to 
Sec.  26,  his  present  home,  purchasing 
80  acres  of  Jacob  Gingerich  ;  they  have 
ten  children — Margaret,  born  Jan.  4, 
1861  ;  Willis  H.,  May  31,  1862  ;  John 
H.,  April  20,  1864;  Elizabeth  L.,  Jan. 
27, 1866  ;  Geo.  Edward,  Dec.  16, 1867  ; 
Charles  J.,  Nov.  24,  1869  ;  Frank  E., 
March  31,  1872;  Mary  Ann,  April  4, 
1874;  Christine  M.,  May  10,  1876; 
Peter   A.,    Oct.   29,    1877;  owns   160 


WORTH   TOWNSHIP. 


621 


acres,  and  40  acres  in  Tazewell  Co.; 
was  elected  Supervisor  of  Worth  Tp.  in 
1869  and  has  continued  in  office  to  the 
present  time  with  the  exception  of  one 
year;  re-elected  in  1878. 

Kroneberger,  Elizabeth,  P.  0.  Peoria. 

Klein,  Peter,    farmer ;  P.    0.    Metamora. 

Klein,   Jacob,  farmer  ;     P.  0.  Metamora. 

Klein,  John  N.,  former;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Kunkel,  Conrad,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Peoria. 

Koche,  Geo.,  fanner;    P.  0.  Peoria. 

Koch,  Philipine,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Peoria. 

KERKER,  CONRAD,  farmer; 
Sec.  20 ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay ;  born  in 
Bavaria,  German}?,  May  18,  1829  ;  was 
9  years  of  age  when  his  parents  came 
to  America,  stopping  first  in  Cincinnati, 
Ohio,  about  six  months,  then  to  what  is 
now  "Woodford  Co.,  111.  Married  Miss 
Elizabeth  Simeon  in  Worth  Tp.,  in 
November,  1852.  She  was  born  in 
Germany  in  1811;  have  eight  children 
living — Mary  (now  Mrs.  Peter  B.  Noe ), 
Margaret,  Conrad,  Catherine,  Rosa, 
Lizzie,  Frank  and  George  ;  lost  four — 
John  C,  Lizzie  and  two  infants  ;  owns 
110  acres  of  land. 

KIESEWETTER,  MICHAEL, 

farmer  ;  Sec.  20 ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay  ; 
was  born  in  Bavaria,  Germany,  Feb. 
17,  1826  ;  came  to  America  in  1859, 
and  directly  to  Worth  Township,  his 
present  home  ;  bought  ten  acres  of  land, 
which  he  afterward  sold  and  purchased 
eighty  ;  now  owns  1 20  acres.  He  mar- 
ried Miss  Mary  B.  Shuman  in  August, 
1860,  who  was  born  in  Saxony,  Ger- 
many, June  8,  1833;  have  seven  chil- 
dren living — Catharine  B.  (now  Mrs. 
John  Snyder,  of  Partridge  Township), 
Rosa,  Peter,  Helen  B.,  Margaret,  Fred, 
and  iNIary  Elizabeth ;  lost  one,  Mary, 
born  Aug.  31,  1876,  and  died  Nov.  25, 
1876.  In  1864,  Mr.  K.  was  drafted 
and  went  in  the  44th  I.  V.  I.,  Co.  K, 
Capt.  New,  of  Peru  ;  served  until  close 
of  the  war ;  mustered  out  at  Nashville, 
Tenn. 

Koch,  Jno.  G.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Peoria. 

Kennel,  Chris.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Kreyenbiel,  Jno.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

KOEMPEL,  JOHN,  farmer;  Sees. 
9  and  1(»  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay  ;  was 
born  in  Germany,  Dec.  18,  1828;  emi- 
grated to  America  in  1850,  stopping  for 
two  years  in   St.  Louis,  then  to  Worth 


Township,  his  present  home.  Married 
Miss  Felicity  Rufing,  in  Worth  Town- 
ship, April  12,  1855  ;  she  was  born  in 
St.  Louis,  Oct.  2,  1836 ;  they  have 
eight  children  living — Elizabeth  (now 
Mrs.  Richard  Heller,  of  Henry  County, 
111.),  Bartlett  M.,  Margaret,  Andrew, 
Abbie,  Josephine,  John  and  Michael ; 
lost  three — John,  Jr.,  died  in  1865  ; 
Jacob,  died  in  1868;  and  Joseph,  died 
in  1871.      Owns  150  acres  of  land. 

KERN,  JOHN  M.,  farmer  ;  Sec.  25  ; 
P.  0.  iNIetamora  ;  was  born  in  Westmore- 
land Co.,  Pa.,  March  10,  1829  ;  his  par- 
ents coming  to  Illinois  in  the  Fall  of 
1830,  and  locating  in  what  is  now  called 
Worth  Tp.  ;  in  1851,  Mr.  Kern  went 
to  California,  returning  in  1852  ;  was 
married  to  Miss  B.  E.  McGill  at  Adams 
Co.,  111.,  on  June  1,  1857  ;  she  was  born 
in  Clermont  Co.,  Ohio,  Feb.  19,  1836  ; 
four  children  living — Estella  J.  (now 
Mrs.  John  H.  Parminter  of  Roanoke),. 
Oren  L.,  Idella  E.,  Wm.  A. :  John 
C,  born  Sept.  3,  1860  and  died  Sept. 
12.  1876;  Mr.  K.  owns  120  acres  land 
in  Worth  Tp..  and  84  in  Metamora  Tp. 
Mr.  Kern's  father  (G.  Kern)  is  still  liv- 
ing ;  resides  on  Sec.  31,  Metamora  Tp. ; 
and  coming  at  a  very  early  day,  has 
seen  vast  changes  in  this  section ;  he 
hauled  wheat  to  Chicatio  when  it  brought 
but  37  2  c,  and  required  from  ten  to 
twelve  days  for  the  round  trip  ;  he  is 
one  of  the  early  settlers,  and  a  much  es- 
teemed citizen. 
LYNCH,  HENRY  W.,  former  ;  P.  0. 
Metamora. 

Loeschen,  Roepke,  far.  ;  P.  0.   Metamora. 

Loewenstein,  Jacob,  far.  ;  P.  0.   Washing- 
ton. 

Loser,  Mary,  far. ;  P.   0.  Spring  Bay. 

Lang,  Michael,  farmer ;  P.   0.   Metamora. 

MOYEMENT,  MATHIAS,  farmer; 
P.  0.  Metamora. 
Molitor,  Charles,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Meyer,  Max.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Meyer,  Jos.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Metamcira. 
Meyer,  Jno.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

MAGER,  GEORGE,  REV.,  uiin- 

ister ;  P.  0.  Metamora  ;  Pastor  of  St. 
Mary's  Church,  Worth  Tp.  ;  was  born 
in  Wurtemberg,  Germany,  April  23, 
1847 ;  came  to  U.  S.  in  Jan.  1867, 
locating  first  in  Milwaukee,  Wis.,  and 
completing  his  eclesiastical  studies  there  ;, 


622 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY; 


was  ordained  Priest  at  IMetamora  in 
ISTO  by  the  Kt.  Rov.  Thomas  Foley  of 
Chicago,  and  was  appointed  assistant 
priest  at  St.  Peter's  Church  in  Chicago, 
remaining  there  about  eighteen  months; 
then  in  July,  1871,  was  assigned  to  the 
pastoral  charge  of  St.  Mary's  Church  of 
the  Immaculate  Conception,  Sec.  16  ; 
Worth  Tp.  A  complete  account  of  this 
church,  its  organization,  cost,  etc.,  ap- 
pears under  the  head  General  History 
of  Worth  Tp. 

Meister,  J.  Gr.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Meister,  Jacob,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Meister,  Conrad,  farmer;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Meinhold,  Sophia,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Miller,  John,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Jyiiller,  Martin,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Miller.  Peter,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Millei-.  Michael,  farmer :   P.  0.  Metamora. 

MEISTER,  ADAM,  farmer;  Sec. 
5 ;  P.  O.  Spring  Bay ;  born  in  this 
township  Dec.  30,  1851.  Married 
Miss  Lizzie  Coon  Feb.  10,  1874,  who 
was  born  in  Worth  Tp.  May  13,  1855. 
They  have  two  children — Victoria,  born 
July  10,  1876;  Frank  C,  born  March 
12,' 1878.  Lost  one— Mary  V.,  died 
Aua-.  8,  1875.  Owns  153f  acres  of 
land. 

MEISTER,  GEO.  J.,  farmer;  Sec. 
6 ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay  ;  born  in  this 
town-ship  Feb.  8,  1850.  Married  Miss 
Josephine  Baker  Feb.  8,  1875,  who 
was  born  in  Worth  Tp.  April  11,  1857. 
They  have  two  children — Joseph  C., 
born  Dec.  27,  1875 ;  Anna  M..  born 
Sept.  24,  1877.  Owns  157  3-100  acres 
of  land. 

^l^AUMANN,    John,    farmer;    P.  0. 

_LN       Metamora. 

Nafziiicr,  Peter,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

NOE,  PETER  B.,  fn-mer,  Sec.  18; 
P.  0.  Spring  Bay ;  was  born  in  Wood- 
ford Co.,  Jan.  5,  1850  ;  married  Mary 
A.  Kerker,  in  Worth  Township,  Feb. 
24.  1873  ;  she  was  born  March  4. 1854. 
Have  two  children — Frank  J.,  born 
Jan.  28,  1874, ;  Emma  M.,  born  Oct. 
28,  1876.  Owns  75  acres  of  land  in 
Worth  and  Spring  Bay  Townships. 

]SrOE,  GEO.  M.,  farmer;  Sec.  32; 
P.  0.  Metamora ;  was  born  in  Bavaria, 
Germany,  Sept.  21,  1817 ;  emigrated 
to  America  in  1847,  coming  direct  to 
Illinois  (now  Worth    Town.ship )  ;  pur- 


chased 80  acres  of  land,  and  commenced 
farming  ;  has  resided  in  this  township 
ever  since;  he  married  Miss  Terrisse 
Wombacher,  at  Peoria,  in  1849.  She 
was  born  in  Germany  Sept.  7.  1822. 
Have  two  children — Peter,  born  Jan.  5, 
1850  ;  John,  born  Nov.  4,  1856  ;  owns 
135  acres  of  land  in  Worth  Township ; 
was  Road  Commissioner  from  1874  to 
1878,  and  has  been  a  School  Director 
seven  years. 
PARR,  FRANZ,  farmer;  P.  0. 
Metamora  ;  born  in  Bavaria,  Germany, 
Oct.  11,  1829.  In  the  Fall  of  1840, 
came  to  the  United  States  and  remained 
the  first  year  in  Metamora  Township  ; 
the  next  two  years  on  Capt.  Foster's 
farm  in  Partridge  Township  ;  finally,  in 
the  Spring  of  1844.  he  located  on  Sec. 
15,  his  present  home.  Was  married  to 
Miss  Eva  Stenger  in  Worth  Township, 
April,  1851  ;  she  was  born  in  Bavaria, 
German}',  in  1831,  and  died  November, 
1856,  in  this  township.  His  second 
^  wife  was  Miss  Gertrude  Alig ;  they 
were  married  in  Peoria,  Feb.  18, 1858  ; 
two  children  by  first  marriage,  John  H. 
and  Frank  A.  ;  nine  by  second  wife — 
Peter,  Martin,  Nicholas,  Michael.  Jo- 
seph, Margaret,  Susannah,  Wygant 
and  Gertrude.  Mr.  P.  owns  120  acres 
of  land  in  Worth  Township,  and  160  in 
Linn  Township  ;  is  at  present  one  of 
the  Commissioners  of  Highways. 

ROHMAN,  VALENTINE,  farmer; 
P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Reisino-.  .Jno.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Rossman,  Lorenz,  Jr.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Met- 
amora. 

Rossman,  Lorenz,  Sr.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Met- 
amora. 

Reinhax-t.  Wm..  farmer;  P.  O.  Metamora. 

Reising,  A.  T.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Rastaetter,  Philip,  far.;  P.  0.    Metamora. 

Roth,  Philip,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Roth,  John,  farmer;    P.  0.  Metamora. 

Roth,  Michael,  farmer  ;  P.  O.Washington. 

Reising,  J.  A.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

SCHERTZ,JOS.,  Jr.,  farmer;  P.O. 
Metamora. 
Schertz,  Jos.,  Sr.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Sluga,  John,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Studor,  Frank,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Saufaus,  Jacob,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Staufer,  Albert,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Sommcr,  J'lo.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.    Metamora. 


\^ORTH  TOWNSHIP. 


623 


SCHWARTZ,   DANIEL,  farmer; 
Sec.    1  ;     P.    0.    Cazenovia;     born     in 
Bavaria,  German}'.  Jan.  31, 1827  ;  came 
to    America    in    1849,    coming    to    St. 
Johnsville,  Montgomery  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  re- 
maining there  about  five  years,  working 
at  the  blacksmith  trade  ;  from  there  to 
Germantown,  Washington  Co.,  Wis.,  in 
the  Fall  of  1854  ;  working  at  his  trade 
for  twelve   years  ;    in   February,    1867, 
came  to  Worth  Tp.,  Woodford  Co..  his 
present  home  ;  purchased  120  acres  land 
from  Mr.  C.  Lamb,  and  now  owns  171 
acres.      Mr,  S.  married  for  his  first  wife 
Miss  Sophia  Grose,  at  St.  Johnsville,  N. 
Y.,  Feb.  22,  1852  ;  she  was  born  in  Ger- 
many   in    October,    1832,  and  died  in 
Washington  Co.,  Wis.,  Dec.  5,  1859  ; 
four  children,  two  living — Xancy  (now 
Mrs.    Barney    Bolander,    of  Metamora 
Tp,  j,  Louise  ;  two  deceased,  Susan,  died 
Jan.  17,   1854  ;  Catherine,  died  Aug. 
23,  1859.     His  second  wife  was  Miss 
Barbara  Kahler ;  married  in  Wisconsin 
May  3,  1860  ;  she  was  born  in  Wurtem- 
berg,  Germany,  Nov.  30,  1836  ;  thirteen 
children,   seven   of  whom   are  living — 
Frederick,  born  Feb.  28,  1861 ;  Barbara, 
born  April  15, 1863  ;  George,  born  July 
19,  1864;  Mary,  born  Aug.  6,  1866; 
Catherine,  born  Feb.   19,    1869;   Eosa, 
born   March  6,  1870  :  Lena,  born  June 
26,    1871  ;    six    deceased — Catherine, 
born   April   13,   1862,    died   April  15, 
1862;  Jacob,  born  Aug.  24,  1867,  died 
Oct.  26,  1867  ;  Daniel  (1st),  born  June 
13,  1872,  died  Oct.  15,  1872;  Daniel 
(2d),  born  July  3,  1873,  died  Sept.  15, 
1873;  William,  born  Aug.  6,  1876,  died 
July  15,  1877  ;  Hannah,  born  Sept.  13, 
1877,  died  Sept.  21,  1877.  Mr.  Schwartz 
was    drafted    in    November,  1862,  and 
went  in  31st  Wis.  Inf. ;  served  ten  and 
a  half  mouths  as  Second  Sergeant,  and 
was  discharged  at  Milwaukee  Aug.  15, 
1863;  enlisted  again  March  10,  1865, 
in  the    51st    Wis.    Inf,    and  was    dis- 
charged   Aug.   22,    1865,    at    Madison 
Wis. 

SCH WENK,  WILLIAM,  farmer  ; 
Sec.  21  ;  P.  0.  Metamora;  was  born  in 
Bavaria,  Germany,  March  29,  1829  ; 
emigrated  to  America  in  1848,  coming 
to  St,  Louis  and  remaining  there  until 
July,  1853,  working  at  the  carpenter 
trade;    then    to    Worth    Tp.,    working 


about  ten  years  at  his  trade,  finally  pur- 
chasing 68  acres  of  land,  and  began 
farming ;  afterward  bought  1 8  acres 
more.  He  married  Miss  Fannie  Kerker 
Feb.  16,  1857,  who  was  born  in  Bavaria, 
Germany,  June  17,  1836  ;  have  sis 
children  living — Mary,  born  Jan.  16, 
1858  (now  Mrs.  John  Alig,  of  Worth 
Tp.);  John,  born  Feb.  14,"  1860  ;  Pau- 
lina, born  Feb.  22,  1862  ;  Otto,  born 
June  24,  1864  ;  Harmon,  born  Dec.  8, 
1866  ;  Joseph,  born  Jan.  27,  1870  ;  lost 
one— Fannie,  died  Feb.  4,  1869. 

Sharp,  Geo.  W.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Stang,  Henry,  farmer;  P.  O.  Metamora. 

Sommer,  Jacob,  fiirmer  ;  P.  0.  Metamora, 

Sommer,  Geo.,   farmer  ;  P.  0.    Metamora. 

Sonnberger,  Peter,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

SCHNEIDER,  LORENZ,  farmer  ; 
Sec.  16;  P.  0.  3Ietamura ;  born  in 
Bavaria,  Germany,  April  10,  1823 ; 
emigrated  to  America  in  1846  ;  comins 
to  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  working  at  farming 
and  gardening  about  five  years  ;  returned 
to  Germany,  and  in  1 852  came  to  Worth 
Tp.,  locating  on  Ten  Mile  Creek  ;  pur- 
chased 42  acres  land,  and  resided  there 
twelve  years.  In  1864,  came  to  his 
present  home.  Sec.  16,  purchasing  90 
acres  ;  sold  the  42  and  Itought  80  on  Ten 
Mile  Creek,  Married  Miss  Catherine 
Simeon,  Aug,,  1852,  who  was  born  in 
Germany,  Dec.  11,  1834;  ten  chillren 
living — John,  born  April  11,  1854  (mar- 
ried Mary  Koch);  Anna  Mary,  March 
16,  1856  (now  Mrs.  John  Daub  of 
Partridge  Tp. )  ;  Catherine,  March  10, 
1853  (now  Mrs.  Alex,  Daub,  of  Linn 
Tp.);Lena,  Feb.  14,  1860;  Adam, 
Aug.  2,  1863;  Joseph,  Oct.  15,  1865; 
Lousia  C,  Oct.  28,  1868;  Frank  L., 
Nov.  20,  1870  ;  Peter  A.,  Feb,  7,  1873  ; 
Angeline  C,  Feb.  14,  1876;  lost  one 
— Margaret,  born  Jan.  22,  1862,  died 
in  Sept  ,  1862. 

SCHNEIDER,  JOHN,  farmer ;  Sec. 
34  ;  P,  0.  Washington  ;  born  in  Wood- 
ford Co.,  April  11,  1854  ;  married  Miss 
Mary  Koch  at  Peoria,  Jan.  24,  1876  ; 
she  was  born  in  Peoria,  111.,  March  3, 
1858;  have  one  child — Magdalene, 
born  Feb.  4,  1877  ;  works  80  acres  land 
belonfjino;  to  his  father,  L.  Schneider. 

Schweim,  Henry,  blacksmith,  P.  0.  Peoria. 

Stenger,  Geo.  A.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Staat,  Adam,  farmer;  P.  0.   Metamora. 


624 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  AVOODFORD  COUNTY: 


SMITH,  JOHN  B.,  farmer,  Sec. 
12  ;  P.  O.  Metaiiiora;  was  born  in 
Laurel  Hill,  Pa..  Aug.  3,  183o ;  came 
with  parents  to  Illinois,  settling  in  what 
is  now  Worth  Township,  in  1835  ;  when 
15  years  of  age,  worked  six  months  for 
John  Tanton,  and  the  following  year 
for  Abner  Mundell.  He  married  Lou- 
isa Dibel,  at  Metamora,  July  3,  1856; 
she  was  born  in  Woodford  Co.  March 
17.  1840  ;  his  first  purchase  was  ten 
acres  of  laud  on  Sec.  2,  and  lived  there 
nine  years ;  then  two  years  where  his 
brother.  Peter,  now  resides  (Sec.  2); 
then  seven  years  in  Metamora  Township, 
finally  to  his  present  home,  in  Feb., 
1874.  Five  children  living — Mary  M., 
born  July  22,  1858;  Seraphine,  March 
25,  1864;  Emma  M.,  Oct.  27,  1866; 
Gr.  Andrew,  Feb.  4,  1869  ;  Julia  Ann. 
April  25.  1875.  Lost  four — J;.cob  died 
July  17,1863;  Adam  died  Dec.  29, 
1861  ;  Martha  died  Jan.  27,  1873  ;  one 
infant  not  named  ;  owns  240  acres  land 
in  Worth  Township. 

Simon,  Jno.  B.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Stangl,  Wolfgang,   farmer  ;  P.   0.    Wash- 


ington. 


P.    0. 


Sunderland,    Sarah    E.,  farmer ; 
Metamora. 

Schepfer.  Jno..  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Schiffler,  Albrecht,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Meta- 
mora. 

SMITH,  PETER,  farmer;  Sec.  2  ; 
P.  0.  Metamora :  was  born  in  Wood- 
ford Co.,  111.,  April  12,  1842;  at  the 
age  of  20,  he  enlisted  in  the  108th  111. 
Inf.  Company  B,  Capt.  Howell,  serving 
three  years ;  was  mustered  out  at  Chi- 
cago ;  in  Spring  of  1866,  he  purchased 
36^ acres  land  of  C.  McTaggart.  In  1868, 
rented  about  60  acres  of  his  father,  J. 
T.  Smith,  and  five  years  afterward 
bought  it,  turning  in  the  above-named 
36  acres  toward  the  purchase.  Mr. 
Smith  now  owns  189  acres  in  Worth 
Township.  Married  Miss  Hannah 
Kraft,  in  June.  1866.  She  was  born  in 
Wurtemberg,  Germany,  Nov.  16,  1843. 
They  have  five  children — Bertha,  Isaac 
H.,  Georire  T..  Annie  M..  Louis  A. 

SCHERTZ,  JOSEPH,  farming  and 
stock  raising ;  Sec.  5  ;  P.  O.  Spring 
Bay ;  born  in  IMeurthe,  France,  Feb. 
25,  1847.  When  about  8  years  of  age, 
came  to  America  with  his  parents,  and 


direct  to  Worth  Tp.,  where,  soon 
after  their  arrival,  both  parents,  with  a 
brother  Andrew,  died  of  cholera.  His 
father  was  only  33  years  of  age.  The 
three  deaths  occurred  within  two  weeks 
after  their  arrival  in  Illinois.  Mr. 
Schertz  was  married  to  Mi.s3  Rosa  ^lil- 
ler  (daughter  of  L.  ^Miller,  of  Partridge 
Tp. ),  at  Metamora,  Jan.  5,  1874.  She 
was  born  in  Woodford  Co.  Sej't.  29, 
1851.  They  have  three  children — 
Mary  B.,  born  Oct.  28,  1874:  Anna 
L.,  born  Oct.  25,  1876;  Ellen,  born 
March  24,  1878.  Mr.  S.  rents  233 
acres  of  land  of  Christ.  Belslev  &  G. 
W.  Smith,  of  Tazewell  Co. 

Schepper,  Casper,    far.  ;  P.  0.   Metamora. 

Stein,  Peter,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

Schertz,  Christ.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

SHARP,  LOUIS  K.,  farmer;  Sec. 
3;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay;  was  born  in 
Tazewell  Co.,  111.,  Feb.  28,  1853.  He 
married  Mis«  Hannah  Shreve,  in  Part- 
ridge Township,  Jan.  1,  1877  ;  she  was 
born  in  Tazewell  Co.,  April  26,  1858  ; 
they  have  one  child,  Adeline,  born  Sept. 
28,  1877.  Mr.  Sharp  came  to  Worth 
Township  in  January,  1871,  and  worked 
on  the  farm  for  John  Imhoff^,  Sec.  3, 
for  two  years,  and  in  the  Fall  of  1877, 
rented  forty-five  acres  of  John  Somers, 
where  he  now  resides. 

SOMERS,  MARTIN,  farmer; 
Sec.  33  ;  P.  0.  Peoria  ;  born  in  Bava- 
ria, Germany,  February,  1802.  Emi- 
grated to  America  about  1833.  landing 
in  Baltimore,  and  the  following  Spring 
moved  to  Ohio,  remaining  six  months ; 
then  returned  to  Baltimore  ;  thence  to 
Cincinnati;  then  direct  to  this  township, 
getting  his  land  from  the  Government. 
Married  in  1842,  at  St.  Louis,  to  Mias 
Mary  Felkani,who  was  born  in  Germany, 
in  1822  ;  they  have  seven  children — 
Conrad,  Mary  (now  Mrs.  John  Weist, 
of  Benson),  Elizabeth  (now  Mrs.  Simon 
Walson,  of  Miuonk"),  Susan  (now  Mrs. 
Mrs.  August  Siebold,  of  Peoria),  Eva 
(now  Mrs.  Frank  Miller,  of  Roanoke), 
John  F.  and  Fannie.  He  owns  eighty 
acres  of  land. 

SCHERTZ,  JOSEPH,  was  bom  in 
France  about  the  year  1812,  and  came 
to  the  United  States  in  1835.  and  s.pent 
seven  weeks  in  Chicago,  and  saw  the 
Indians  paid  for  their  lands  and  sent  to 


WORTH  TOWNSHIP. 


625 


their  reservation  beyond  the  IMississippi 
River.  He  then  vrent  to  Peoria  Co., 
where  he  labored  by  the  month  for  sev- 
eral years,  when  he  came  to  Woodford 
Co.  and  settled  in  Worth  Tp.,  I5  miles 
from  where  he  now  lives.  In  1864,  he 
moved  on  to  his  present  farm,  and  owns 
altogether  about  1,4:00  acres  of  excellent 
land  and  well  improved.  ]Mr.  Schertz 
is  a  Republican  in  polities,  and  a  Mus- 
covite in  religion.  He  married  Anna 
Zehr,  also  born  in  France,  April  1, 
1826.  They  have  eight  children,  as  fol- 
lows :  Christian,  a  son  of  Mrs.  Schertz 
by  a  former  husband,  and  by  the  present 
marriage,  Peter,  Magdaline,  Mary, 
Anna,  Catharine,  Joseph  and  David. 
Christian  was  born  Oct.  27,  1845,  died 
Dec.  3,  1871  ;  Magdaline,  born  Nov. 
15,  1848,  and  died  Aug.  15,  1849; 
Marv,  born  Feb.  24,  1851.  and  married 
B.  F.  Stride  Jan.  29,  1876;  Anna,  born 
Aug.  26,  1853,  and  married  Peter  D. 
Schertz,  March  17,  1874;  Catharine, 
born  April  19,  1856 ;  Joseph,  born 
Nov.  12, 1850,  and  died  Sept.  19,  1866; 
David  J.,  born  June  28.  1863. 

TUERLIMAN,  ANNA    M.,    farmer; 
P.  0.  Metamora. 

THEOBALD,  CHARLES,  farm- 

er  ;  Sec.  16  ;  P.  0.  Metamora;  born  in 
Prussia,  May  26,  1828 ;  emigrated  to 
America  in  1852,  coming  first  to  Chica- 
go, remaining  one  year,  and  then  to 
Worth  Tp. ;  his  first  land  purchase  was 
20  acres  of  John  Wagner ;  about  six 
years  afterward,  he  came  to  his  present 
location;  married  at  Peoria,  June  10, 
1856,  to  Mary  Anna  Simeon,  who  was 
born  in  Germany,  July  22,  1840  ;  have 
had  11  children,  seven  living — Frank 
L.,  born  July  4,  1857  ;  Henry,  Dec. 
20,  1858;  Anna  M..  July  6,  1866; 
Rosa,  Aug.  26,  1868  ;  John  J.,  March 
15,  1873;  Peter  A.,  April  3,  1875  ; 
Christine,  Nov.  23,  1877;  four  de- 
ceased— John,  died  April  24,  1861  ; 
Anna  E.,  Oct.  6,  1863  ;  Rosa,  March  28, 
1865;  Joseph  B.,  April,  1872.  Mr. 
T.  owns  171 1  acres  of  land  in  Worth 
Tp. 
TRAPP,  FRANK  P.,  hotel  and 
farming;  Sees.  17  and 29;  P.  0.  Meta- 
mora ;  born  in  Bavaria,  Germany,  May 
13,  1841,  his  parents  coming  to  this 
countrv  in  1845.  and  direct  to  Woodford 


Co.,  ;  in  1873,  Mr.  T.  purchased  the 
Germantowii  House  of  Mr.  Miller  and 
has  since  kept  hotel  in  connection  with 
groceries  and  small  wares ;  married 
Miss  Gertrude  Berkmann  in  Worth 
Tp.,  June,  1863.  She  was  born  March 
25,  1844 ;  seven  children — John  B., 
Louisa,  Peter,  Frank,  Adam,  Rosa, 
and  Henry  J.  ;  owns  83  acres  of  land. 
Mr.  T.'s  father  lived  to  the  ripe  old  age 
of  78,  and  died  in  Worth  Tp.,  in  1862. 
His  mother  is  still  living,  aged  73. 

YOLZ,  JOHN,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Meta- 
mora. 

Volk,  Jos.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Volz,  Martin,  firmer;     P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Volk,  Jno.,   farmer ;    P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Vetter,  Frank  X.,  far. ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

VETTER,  JOSEPH,  farmer;  P.O. 
Spring  Bay  ;  was  born  in  Wurtemberg, 
Germany,  July  30,  1823 ;  came  to 
America  on  May  1,  1849,  locating  in 
Lyons,  Wayne  Co.,  N.  Y.,  remaining 
there  about  eighteen  months ;  then  to 
Peoria,  111.,  stopping  a  short  time ; 
then  to  Germantowu,  Worth  Tp.,  and 
in  January,  1852,  came  to  Sec.  16,  his 
present  home.  Married  Miss  Elizabeth 
Groener,  on  the  1st  day  of  Nov.,  1851, 
at  Peoria ;  she  was  born  in  Germany 
March,  1824,  and  died  in  Worth  Town- 
ship Aug.  23,  1871,  leaving  five  chil- 
dren— Frank  X.,  Terrise  (now  Mrs. 
John  Knoblauch,  of  Metamora),  Jo- 
seph, Mary  U.,  Antony.  Mr.  V.  owns 
90  acres  of  land,  and  is  the  present 
Town  Clerk  and  School  Treasurer. 
These  oflBces  he  has  held  with  honor 
and  credit  to  himself  and  to  the  people 
he  has  represented. 

WILLIAMS,  SARAH,  farmer  ;  P.  0. 
Washington. 
Williams,  Chas.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Spring  Ba}-. 
Wagner,  Henry,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
Williams,  Mathias,  far.  ;   P.  0.  Metamora. 
WAGNER,    MICHAEL,    retired 
farmer ;     Sec.    2  ;      P.   0.     Metamora ; 
born  in  Germany  Sept.  29,  1802;   emi- 
grated to  this  country  in   1829  ;  came  to 
his  present  home  (Worth  Township)  in 
1836;    married  to  Miss  Anna  M.  Mat- 
she  was  born  in 
seven  children    liv- 
mg — IMichael  (married  Catherine    Shu- 
man,    who      died    in     Dec,   1869,  his 
second    wife  was    Christine  Haedickc', 


thew, 
Aug., 


) 


Aug.  27,  1837 
1814;  have 


626 


tax-payp:rs  of  woodford  county 


John  (married  Henrietta  Meinholt), 
Jacob  C.  (married  Mary  Dingledine), 
Catherine  (now  3Irs.  Michael  Bart,  of 
Minonk),  Daniel  D.  (married  Cathe- 
rine C.  Gehring),  Charles  Henry.  Anna 
31ary  (now  Mrs.  Louis  Schunk,  of  Ford 
Co.,  111.)  Mr.  Wagner  owns  420  acres 
of  land.  Mr.  and  3Irs.  W.  being  among 
the  earliest  settlers  in  the  township, 
have  passed  through  the  hardships  and 
privations  incident  to  a  new  country, 
and  now  live  in  their  ripe  old  age  to  en- 
jov  their  children's  prosperity  and  use- 
fulness. 

WAGNER,  DANIEL  D.,  farmer, 
Sec.  2  ;  P.  U.  Metamora ;  was  born  in 
Woodford  Co..  Nov.  26,  1848;  married 
Miss  Catherine  C.  Gehring  at  the  old 
homestead.  March  13,  1873;  she  was 
born  in  Partridge  Tp.,  May  8,  1854; 
have  three  children — Anna  E.,  born 
Xov.  17,  1873;  Susan  C,  Feb.  20, 
1875;  Lousia  B.,  May  11.  1877;  in 
connection  with  his  brother  Henry,  owns 
100  acres  land  ;  Mary  E.  Townsend,  an 
orphan  girl,  born  April  3,  1863,  came 
to  live  with  the  familv  in  Sept.,  1869. 

WAGNER,  DANIEL  C,  farmer; 
Sec.  3 ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay  ;  was  born 
in  Germany,  Nov.  12,  1841 ;  came  to 
the  U.  S.  with  his  parents  in  1848,  and 
direct  to  111.,  locating  and  renting  160 
acres  land  of  Jacob  Worley,  in  what  is 
now  Partridge  Tp.;  afterward  purchased 
the  land.  Jacob  Wagner  Sr.,  (his  father) 
was  born  April  8,  1809,  and  died  May 
22,  1875.  The  subject  of  this  sketch 
married  jNIiss  Mary  Sharp  in  Peoria, 
June  5,  1866  ;  she  was  born  in  Wood- 
ford Co.,  April  4.  1848  ;  they  have  five 
children  living — Mary  E.,  born  June  8, 
1867;  William,  Sept.  15,  1868;  Alex., 
Sept.  11, 1870;  Maggie,  Dec.  11,1872; 
Sarah,  Sept.  15,  1876  :  lost  one — Anna, 
born  Dec.  9,  1874  ;  '  died  July  28, 
1876  ;  about  Nov.  1,  1870,  Alex,  was 
taken  sick  ;  disease  was  spotted  fever ; 
in  about  two  weeks  he  became  totally 
blind  ;  all  medical  aid  to  restore  his 
sight  has  proved  unavailing ;  this  is  a 
sreat  atiiiotion  to  the  familv.  Mr.  W. 
owns  215  acres  land  in  Worth  Tp  ;  Mrs. 
Wagner's  father  (Jobn  Sharp)  was  one 
of  the  very  early  settlers  in  this  section  ; 
was  born  in  Maryland.  Aug.  9, 1800,  and 
died  in    this  township,  May  29.   1875. 


Winkler,  Margaret,  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
Winkler,  Elizabeth.  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
Wombacher,  Jno.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Peoria. 
Wwnbacher,  Clara,  P.  0.  Peoria. 
Winkler,  Christian,  far.:  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
Wennsman,  Henry,  far.;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
Wilhelm,  Antony,  far.;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Williams,  Elisha,  far.;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Wirth,  Solomon,  far.;    P.  0.  Metamoi'a. 


Wissel 
Wissel 


Jno. 
Geo. 


X,  vJ.v,^^.,  farmer  ; 
Wissel,  David,  farmer 


Jiarmtr;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
P.  0.  Metamora. 
P.  0.  Metamora. 
WILZ,  PETER,  brick  maker  and 
farmer;  Sec.  24:  P.  0.  Metamora;  was 
born  in  Germany,  Aug.  1,  1829  ;  he 
came  to  the  United  States  in  1837,  with 
his  parents,  spending  about  six  months 
in  Cincinnati,  and  then  settled  in  Wood- 
ford County ;  he  was  raised  on  the 
farm  until  the  ase  of  15  vears.  and 
then  learned  the  brick  maker's  trade, 
which  he  has  followed  principally  to  the 
present  time  ;  he  made  the  brick  for  the 
County  Jail  at  Metamora;  he  is  proba- 
bly the  oldest  brick  maker  in  Woodford 
County;  he  turns  out  about  600,000 
bricks  a  year ;  he  owns  some  350  acres 
of  land  in  difi'erent  parts  of  Metamora 
and  Worth  Townships,  valued  at  about 
817,000.  Mr.  Wilz  was  married  Nov. 
17,  1855,  to  Miss  Mary  J.  Full,  who 
was  born  in  Germany.  March  18.  1834; 
they  have  seven  children — Andrew.  Pe- 
ter J.,  Annie  J..  George  A.,  Maggie  E., 
Emma  C.  and  Otto. 

WINCKLER,   J.    GEORGE. 

farmer;  See.  18;  P.  0.  Spring  Baj' ; 
was  born  in  Hesse-Darmstadt,  Germany, 
March  18,  1815 ;  emigrated  to  Amer- 
ica in  1831.  locating  in  Bradford  Co., 
Pa.,  remaining  there  five  or  six  years, 
then  came  to  Peoria,  111.,  stopping  only 
a  month,  thence  to  Worth  Township, 
where  he  now  resides.  Married  Miss 
Margaret  Henfling  in  Worth  Township, 
Sept.  12,  1850;  she  was  born  in  Ger- 
many Sept.  14,  1831 ;  have  had  eleven 
children,  eight  living- — Yetha  (now  Mrs. 
Charles  Griner,  of  Tazewell  County), 
Amanda  (now  Mi-s.  George  Griner,  of 
Tazewell  County),  George,  Jr.,  Marga- 
ret, Anna  C,  Henry  F.,  Peter  Ernst, 
Charles  L  ;  lost  three — Adam,  Lenhart, 
Sophia  :  owns  186  acres  of  land  located 
in  Worth  and  Spring  Bay  Townships ; 
has  been  School  Director  four  years. 


CAZENOVIA   TOWNSHIP. 


627 


ZILCH,  JNO.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Spring 
Bay. 
ZIMMERMAN,  JOHN,  former; 
Sec.  34 ;  P.  0.  Washington ;  born  in 
Hesse-Darmstadt,  Grermany,  in  March, 
1828;  emigrated  to  America  in  1852, 
remaining  two  years  in  New  York,  and 
in  1854  came  to  Peoria,  111.,  and  in  1864 
came  to  his  present  home.  Sec.  34, 
Worth  Tp.  ;  he  married  Miss  Frederika 
Seibold  at  Peoria,  March  24,  1861  ;  she 
was  born  in  Wurtemberg,  Germany, 
Nov.  28,  1840  ;  they  have  eight  chil- 
dren— John  A.,  born  June  3,  1862  ; 
Amelia,  born  Nov.  13,  1863 ;  Bertha, 
born    Nov.   3,    1865 ;    Frederika,  born 


Sept.  4,  1867  ;  Wilhelmina,  born  Jan, 
22,  1870  ;  Charlie,  born  Sept.  14, 1872  ; 
Rudolph,  born  Feb.  5,  1875  ;  Anson  F., 
born  April  11,  1877.  Mr.  Z.  owns  82 
acres  of  land  in  Worth  Tp.  ;  was  elected 
School  Director  in  1876,  and  still  retains 
the  office. 
ZILCH,  JOHN  C,  farmer;  Sec.  7; 
P.  0.  Spring  Bay  ;  born  in  Woodford 
Co.,  March  13,  1851  ;  married  Miss 
Mary  E.  Sowards,  formerly  Mary  E. 
Fagot,  Aug.  19,  1876  ;  she  was  born  in 
Woodford  Co.,  Nov.  15,  1848  ;  have 
one  child — Rosa,  born  Nov.  12,  1877  ; 
works  66  acres  of  land  in  Worth  Tp., 
and  75  in  Spring  Bay  Tp. 


CAZENOVIA  TOWNSHIP. 


ARMSTRONG,  JONATHAN,  farm- 
er ;  P.  0.  Low  Point. 
Armstrong,  Jennie,  P.  0.  Low  Point. 
Anicker,  August,  former  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
AICHER,  BENEDICKT,  P.  0. 

Washburn ;  Cath. ;  Dem. ;  owns  248 
acres,  value  S4,000,  also  town  property, 
consisting  of  one  hotel,  dwelling  house, 
saloon  building  andbarn,  also  seven  lots  ; 
value  ^5,000  ;  born  in  Bavaria,  Jan.  6, 
1836  ;  came  to  this  country  in  1866, 
stopped  in  N.  Y.  City  several  months, 
then  came  to  111. ;  lived  in  La  Salle  two 
years,  then  to  Lacon,  remained  one 
year,  then  to  this  place,  where  he  has 
resided  ever  since ;  was  married  to 
Kresenz  Ebcrle  Sept.  13,  1866  ;  have 
had  four  children,  three  of  whom  are 
still  living — Lena,  born  Sept.  17,  1867; 
,  Max,  March  28,  1868,  died  May  9, 
1873;  Henry,  May  13,  1871;  Jose- 
phine, Feb.  9.  1877.  Mr.  A.  is  by  pro- 
fession a  beer  brewer,  which  business 
he  has  followed  for  twenty-two  years, 
both  in  this  country  and  Bavaria  ;  for 
the  past  eight  years  he  has  been  en- 
gaged in  the  saloon  and  hotel  business ; 
this  Spring  he  has  commenced  the  busi- 
ness of  farming,  and  has  got  all  his  land 
under  fence.  Mr.  A.  was  a  soldier  in 
the  regular  army  of  Bavaria,  and  served 
twenty-three  months. 


AMSLER,  SAMUEL,  merchant;  P. 
0.  Cazenovia ;  Liberal  Republican  ;  was 
born  in  Woodford  Co.,  111.,  Jan.  21, 
1848  ;  married  Ella  Cairns,  Dee.  24, 
1875;  she  was  born  in  Harrison  Co., 
0.,  Jan.  12,  1855  ;  have  one  child — ■ 
Charles  S.,  born  Sept  3,  1876.  Mr.  A. 
lived  with  his  parents  on  a  farm  in 
Worth  Tp.,  until  he  was  20  years 
of  age  ;  he  then  went  into  the  mercan- 
tile business  at  Washington,  and  con- 
tinued to  do  business  there  until  June, 
1877;  he  then  removed  to  Cazenovia 
Station,  where  he  is  engaged  in  the 
same  business.  Mr.  A.  is  a  thorough 
business  man,  and  has  had  that  experi- 
ence which  enables  him  to  make  a  suc- 
cess of  the  calling  he  is  engaged  in.  A 
glance  in  his  well-stocked  store  shows 
that  he  understands  the  wants  of  the 
community.  Not  only  does  Mr.  A.  keep 
a  general  stock,  but  in  large  quantities  ; 
and  his  prices  are  so  reasonable  that  it 
is  unnecessary  for  his  patrons  to  ask  for 
any  fairer  dealing  than  they  will  receive 
at  his  hands.  Mr.  A.  is  doing  a  large 
business,  and  he  deserves  it. 

ARROWSMITH,  GEORGE,  re- 
tired farmer  ;  P.  0.  Cazenovia  ;  Metho- 
odist ;  Republican  ;  born  April  17, 1807, 
in  Highworth,  Wiltshire  Co.,  Eng.  ; 
married  Lucy  Hall  June  7,  1830,  of  the 


628 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY: 


same  place  ;  she  was  born  June  12, 1810  ; 
had  thirteen  children  born  to  them,  only 
eight  of  whom  are  living,  Sarah,  born 
March  10,  1831,  died  in  this  county  in 
her  20th  year ;  Esther,  born  Jan.  16, 
1833  ;  Jane,  born  Sept.  16,  1834  ;  John, 
born  Aug.  28,  1838;  Ann,  born  June 
24,  1839  ;  Mary,  born  Jan.  28,  1841  ; 
Ellen,  born  Jan.  17,  1843  ;  James,  born 
Jan.  16,  1845;  Edward,  born  May  4, 
1851.  William  Thomas,  born  Dec.  18, 
1854  :  died  in  his  3.d  year ;  Richard, 
born  Oct.  19,  1846;  Maria,  born  May  8, 
1848.  The  two  latter  died  in  infancy. 
Mr.  A.  arrived  in  this  country  from 
England  Sept.  28,  1852  ;  John  served 
his  country  three  years  in  the  7Tth  I. 
V.  I.,  and  participated  in  the  numerous 
battles  that  that  regiment  was  engaged 
in  ;  was  taken  prisoner  at  the  battle  of 
Red  Eiver,  and  sent  to  Tyler,  Tex., 
where  he  was  held  thirteen  months.  He 
now  resides  in  Linn  Tp.,  and  is  en- 
gaged in  farming.  Sarah,  the  eldest. 
Was  deaf  and  dumb  ;  was  educated  in  the 
asylum  at  Bath,  Eng.  ;  she  was  a  fine 
scholar  and  a  good  Christian,  and  very 
tbnd  of  her  books  ;  she  was  a  great  favor- 
ite in  the  fimily,  and  her  loss  was 
severelv  felt  by  all  who  knew  her. 

BUCKINGHAM,  A.  M.,  farmer;  P. 
0.  Washburn. 

BLACK,  JOHN  M.,  lumber  mer- 
chant and  stock  buyer  ;  P.  O.  Wash- 
burn :  United  Presb.  ;  Rep. ;  owns  160 
acres  in  Cazenovia  Tp.,  and  town  prop- 
erty in  Washburn  to  the  value  of  67,000 ; 
was  born  near  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  May  30, 
1851 ;  came  to  this  county  with  his  par- 
ents in  1865;  married  Laura  M., 
daughter  of  John  Wallace,  Esq.,  of  Linn 
Tp.,  May  30,  1857  ;  she  was  born  Sept. 
o,  1854;  they  have  one  child — Lillian 
Eveline  ;  she  was  born  Feb.  4,  1875  ; 
Mr.  Black  is  engaged  quite  extensively 
in  buying  and  shipping  live  stock  ;  he 
also  keeps  a  large  and  well  assorted  stock 
of  lumber ;  his  average  sales  of  lumber 
each  year  are  about  500,0(10  feet ;  he  also 
in  connection  with  Mr.  Wallace  of  Linn 
Tp.,  buys  and  ships  about  150  carloads 
of  live  stock  every  vear. 

Ball,  W.  T.,  carpenter;    P.  0.  Washburn. 

Baumgart,  E.,  clerk ;   P.  0.  Washburn. 

Blackmon,  L.  V.,  far. ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Bovs.  C,  lumber  dh'.;   P.  0.  Washburn. 


Beaver,  Wesley,  retired ;  P.  0.  Wa.shburn. 

Barr,  Nancy,  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Barr,  Wm.,  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Bruder,  Wm.,  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Bachman.  Jacob,  farmer;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Bohlander,  M.  E.,  far.;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Bohlander.  Juo.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Baer,  Jos.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Brown,  Thos.,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Beacher,  Jno.,  farmer;    P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Brown,  Walter,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Lo^y  Point. 

BROWN,  WALTER  E.,  farmer 
(tenant);  P.  0.  Low  Point;  born  in 
Brown  Co.,  Ohio,  Jan.  13,  1851;  came 
to  this  county  in  November,  1874,  and 
worked  for  Mrs.  Tool  one  year,  and  for 
0.sborn  Kirby  t\yo  years;  Mr.  B.'s 
parents  died  in  Ohio — his  father,  George 
Brown,  died  Oct.  26,  1863,  aged  42 
years ;  his  mother,  Susan  Brown,  died 
Jan.  27,  1873,  aged  48  years.  Mr.  B. 
married  Laura  B.  Hughes,  Jan.  4, 1875 ; 
she  was  born  in  Brown  Co.,  Ohio,  Oct. 
3,  1857 ;  they  h.ave  two  children — 
Stella  May,  born  Sept.  25,  1875  ;  the 
second,  a  girl  (not  named),  was  born 
March  25.  1878.  Mr.  B.  has  two 
brothers  and  one  sister,  all  living  in  this 
county — Rosa  Alba,  born  April  8,  1849  ; 
Ayalett  A.,  born  Jan.  9,  1855  ;  George 
E.,  born  Aug.  28,  1861.  Rosa  and 
Ayalett  reside  with  Walter,  Ayalett  be- 
ing a  partner  of  his  brother  Walter  in 
the  business  of  firming ;  the  oldest 
brother,  William  L.,  died  Dec.  11,  1877, 
leaving  a  wife  and  two  children,  who 
are  now  in  Ohio;  William  was  born 
March  10,  1846. 

Bealchner,  John,  lab.  ;  P.  O.  Cazenovia. 

Benecke,  Fred.,  shoedlr.;  P.O.  Washburn. 

Burson,  G.  W.,  for.;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Barnes,  J.  R.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Low  Point. 

Bayne,  J.  W.,  farmer ;    P.  0.  Low  Point. 

Bearer,  Spencer,  former  ;  P 

Butler,  Benjamin,    mason 
burn. 

BAILEY,  ABNER,  former;  P.  O. 
Low  Point;  Lil).;  Nat'l.;  Sec.  21;  owns  20 
acres,  valued  at  81,200  ;  born  in  Windsor 
Co.,  Vt.,  June  5,1825  ;  married  Lestma 
Marshall,  Sept.  22,  1847;  she  was  born 
in  Windsor  Co.,  Vt.,  May  31,  1822; 
have  no  children  of  there  own ;  Lizzie 
Bulterfield  was  adopted  by  them  when 
she  was  18  months  old;  she  was  born 
Julv  27,  1850  ;  she  married    Svlvester 


0.  Washburn. 
P.   0.  Wash- 


CAZEXOVIA  TOWNSHIP 


629 


Kenyon,    son    of  David  Kenyon,  Esq. 

Have  one  child — Arthur  Sylvester,  born 

Sept.  5,  1877  ;  they  reside  with  Mr.  B., 

and  manage  the  farm. 
Beaclier,  Leonard,  farmer ;  P.O.  Low  Point. 
Bocock,  W.  H.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 
Bocock,  C.  A.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 
Brand,  Marshall, farmer ;  P.O.  Cazenovia. 
Brown,  J.  B.,  minister;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Bliss,  Sarah,  millinery  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Burdett,  W.  H.  H.,  harness  maker;  P.  0. 

Washburn. 
Byerly,  A.,  carpenter  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Buchintrham.  E.,  tar. ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Butler,  Gr.  C,  hardware  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Brandt,  Jacob,  farmer  ;  P.  0.    Washburn. 
BuekiuLiham,  Lousia,  P.  0.  Washburn. 

BUCKINGHAM,  MARCUS  L., 

farmer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn  ;  Lib.  ;  Ind.  ; 
born  August  12,  1847;  married  Helen 
Eliza  Bell,  Oct.  2, 186-1 ;  have  five  chil- 
dren— Edwin,  born  Dec.  17,1865;  Ida, 
born  Aug.  18,  1870  ;  George,  born 
July  10,  1872 ;  Belle,  born  February 
15,  1874;  Stella,  born  April  U,  1878. 
Mr.  B.  is  a  son  of  Judge  Buckingham 
of  this  Township.  Has  held  office  of 
Schdol  Director. 
BUCKINGHAM,  WM.  E.,  farmer 
Sec.  2  ;  P.  0.  Washburn  ;  Lib.  ;  Ind.  ; 
owns  915  acres  of  land,  valued  at 
$45,000;  born  in  Ohio,  Sept.  11,1809. 
Married  Amy  White,  of  Marshall  Co. ; 
she  was  born  in  North  Carolina  in  Nov., 
1818.  Have  had  ten  children,  seven  of 
whom  are  living — Enoch,  born  Dec.  22, 
1839;  John,  born  Dec.  31,  1840;  Al- 
fred D.,  born  June  26,  1842;  A.  M., 
born  Feb.  26.  1844;  Abby,  born  Sept. 
15.  1845;  Marcus  L.,  born  August  12. 
1847  ;  Sarah  H.,  born  June  11,  1852  ; 
William  T.,  born  May  15,  1856,  died 
June  11,  186:J  ;  Zilpha,  born  Aug.  1, 
1858,  died  Avigust  14,  1858 ;  Amy 
Elizalaeth,  born  Oct.  1,  I860,  died  March 
15.  1863.  Enoch  and  John  enlisted  in 
the  77th  I.  V.  L,  and  served  the  term 
of  three  years.  They  participated  in 
numerous  battles  and  acquitted  them- 
selves with  honor.  Mr.  B.  came  from 
Ohio  to  this  State  January  9,  1836. 
He  came  all  the  way  by  river.  His  first 
employment  was  at  Adams'  Mill  (he 
being  a  miller  by  tl-ade) ;  he  worked 
there  four  months.  He  was  then  em- 
ployed in  Smiths  Mill,  at  Lacon.  where 


he  remained  two  years ;  at  the  end  of 
that  time  he  married.  He  then  com- 
menced farming  on  the  southwest  quar- 
ter of  Sec.  5,  in  this  township,  where  he 
remained  fifteen  years ;  he  then  removed 
to   his  present  home    and    has  resided 

I  there  ever  since.  Mr.  B.  was  elected 
Justice  of  the  Peace  in  1845.  and  has 
held  that  ofiice  ever  since  ;  was  elected 
Judge  of  the  County  Court  in  1853, 
and  held  that  office  for  the  term  of  four 
years.     Judge  B.  says  that  in  the  year 

!  1841,  farmers  hauled  their  wheat  to 
Lacon  and  received  only  15  cents  per 
bushel  for  it,  and  were  obliged  to  take 
their  pay  in   store    goods  even  at  that 

■  price  ;  he  sold  pork  to  Jabez  Fisher  for 
$1.50  for  hogs  weighing  over  300 
pounds,  under  that  weight  the  price  was 
lower.  The  above  prices  continued  from 
1841  to  1 843.     In  1845,  he  bought  corn 

j       for  $3  per  acre,  on  one  year's  time  ;  the 

'  yield  being  56  bushels  to  the  acre. 
Butter  at  that  time  sold  at  from  4  to  6 
cents  per  pound ;  eggs  3  cents  per 
dozen.     Judge  B.  says   he  remembers 

!  the  Butler  snap  well — water  and  slush 
froze  so  hard  in  15  minutes  that  it  would 
bear  his  weight. 
BAYNE,  JAMES  G.,  former;  P.  0. 
Low  Point ;  U.  P. ;  Nat. ;  owns  260  acres 
all  under  a  fine  state  of  cultivation ;  was 
born  in  Brown  Co.,  Ohio,  Jan.  30, 1821 ; 
married  Catharine  McCoy,  Dec.  28, 
1841  ;  she  was  born  in  the  same  county 
Jan.  14,  1822  ;  have  had  eight  children 

1       born  to  them,  seven  of  whom  are  now 

;  living — Eleanor  I.,  born  Oct.  24,  1842; 
Julia  A.,  June  28,  1846;  Sarah  L., 
April  16,  1848  ;  John  W.,  April  8, 
1851;  Lenora,  April  29,  1855;  James 

i  A.,  May  23,  1858;  Mary  E.,  Oct.  25, 
1860;  Catharine  L.,  April  10,  1867; 
Eleanor  married  Samuel  Wrightof  White 
Oak  Grove,  McLean  Co.,  this  State  ;  he 
was  formerly  a  member  of  Co.  C,  77th 
I.  V.  I.  ;  served  full  term ;  went  out  as 
Sergeant,  and  was  holding  the  rank  of 
First  Lieut,  when  mustered  out ;  he  died 
May '7,  1867,  from  disease  contracted  in 

j       the  army  ;  at  one  time  during  the  term 

;  of  his  service,  he  lay  for  some  time  in  the 
hospital  at  New  Orleans  almost  hopelessly 
ill ;  his  wife  determined  to  see  and  be 
near  her  husband,  started  on  the  long 
and  ]Mrilous  tii))  from  Low  P  int  toNew 


630 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY: 


Orleans  ;  she  accomplished  the  trip  with- 
out accident;  her  only  travelinir  com- 
panion being  her  only  child,  then  a  ten- 
der infant ;  Julia  married  W.  0.  Ham- 
mers Sept.  (j,  18G6;  Sarah  L.  married 
James  A.  Hammers  ;  Eleanor's  second 
marriage  was  with  Peter  Riley;  it  occurred 
Dec.  28,  1872;  Mr.  Riley  resides  in 
Chenna  ;  he  was  a  member  of  the  -ITth 
I.  V.  I  ;served  full  term  of  three  years, 
also  one  year  in  U.  S.  regular  army ;  he 
was  severely  wounded  at  the  battle  of 
Shiloh  by  a  rifle  ball  passing  entirely 
through  his  side  near  the  waist 
from  the  effects  of  which  he  has 
never  entirely  recovered ;  Lenora 
married  Benton  Smith  Dec.  28,  1875  ; 
John  W.  married  Harriet  McCulloch, 
Dec.  26,  1876  (she  was  the  daughter  of 
the  present  Judge  McCulloch  of  this 
county)  ;  James  A.  died  Nov.  28, 1859  ; 
Mr.  Bc},yne  came  to  this  State  in  1846, 
and  settled  at  that  time  on  the  place 
where  he  now  resides ;  during  which 
time  he  has  been  engaged  steadily  in  the 
business  of  farming  ;  Mr.  B.  is  a  self- 
made  man,  and  is  considered  one  of  the 
ablest  men  in  the  county  ;  he  is  an  elo- 
quent speaker,  studious  observer,  hospita- 
ble ;  a  man  of  great  individuality,  and 
,one  who  enjoys  the  full  confidence  of  his 
neighbors ;  for  an  account  of  his  public 
services,  see  account  in  another  depart- 
ment of  this  work  under  the  head  of 
distinjfuished  men  of  Woodford  County. 

BUCKINGHAM,  MORGAN, 

farmer;  Sec.  16;  P.  0.  AVashburn  and 
Cazenovia ;  Lib.  Rep. ;  owns  720  acres, 
valued  at  $30,000;  born  in  this  town, 
Oct.  22,  1845;  married  Melissa  A.  Saf- 
ford  Dec.  21, 1865  ;  she  was  born  June 
14,  1848,  and  died  Aug.  24,  1875; 
left  three  children,  all  now  living — 
Clarence  Morgan,  born  Jan.  7,  1867; 
Lonnie  Albert,  born  Feb.  12,  1870; 
Maggie,  born  March  17,  1875 ;  was 
married  to  Lucinda  Finch  Feb.  4, 1878; 
she  was  born  Sept.  2, 1857,  in  Pennsylva- 
nia ;  he  enlisted  in  the  134th  I.  V.  I.,  and 
served  a  term  in  the  100-day  service; 
did  service  in  Kentucky,  and  was  in  the 
expedition  that  pursued  the  rebel  G-en. 
Pi-ice  during  his  raid  through  Missouri, 
in  1864. 

CLINGMAN,  G.   W.,  wagon  maker; 
P.  0.  Cazenovia. 


Crist,  H.  D.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 
Carrithcrs,  C.  M.,  far. ;    P.  0.  Washburn. 
Carver,  Wm.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 
Clark,  Geo,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Low  Point. 
Carson,  Isabelle,  P.  0.  Low  Point. 
Carson,  A.  B.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Low  Point. 
Calvert,  G.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Wa.shburn. 
Clineman,  J.  N.,  retired  ;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 
Cutler,  C.  A.,  J.  P. ;   P.  0.  Washburn. 
Cairns,  Sam'l,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Low  Point. 
Coen,  P.  A.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Washburn. 
Carrithers,  J.  A.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Carrithers,  A.  T.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Low  Point. 

CRAWFORD,  MATTHEW, 

farmer;  P.  0.  Washburn  ;  Lidepeudent; 
Democrat;  owns  80  acres,  valued  at 
S5,000 ;  born  in  Louchray,  County 
Galway,  Ireland,  about  the  year  1828; 
the  date  of  his  birth  is  clothed  in  ob- 
scurity; his  mother  died  when  he  was 
4  years  old;  he  came  to  this  country 
with  his  father  and  his  stepmother,  in 
1836;  his  father  died  in  Lockport, 
March  3,  1839.  Mr.  C.  married  Mar- 
garet Jane  Garrison,  Oct.  21,  1851; 
she  was  born  March  1,  1829;  have  two 
children — Mary  Ellen,  born  Dec.  9, 
1852,  who  married  Oscar  Shusart; 
Geo.  Albert,  born  Oct.  26,  1861.  Mr. 
C.  has  served  one  year  as  Road  Com- 
missioner ;  he  formerly  worked  for  Mor- 
gan Buckingham,  and  was  with  him 
when  he  died;  he  lived  also  with  Geo. 
Garrison. 

Carrithers,  J.  G.,  far.;  P.  0.  Low  Point. 

Corbin,  Madison,  far. ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Calvert,  Alfred,  far. ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Carson,  A.  N.,  far. ;  P.  0.  Low  Point. 

Carrithers,  J.  A.,  Jr.,  far.;  P.  0.  Wash- 
burn. 

Carson,  Geo.,iaborer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Cordes,  John,  laborer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Cordes,  Anna,  P.  0.  Washburn. 

CLARK,  THOMAS,  far.;  Sec.  22; 
P.  0.  Low  Point;  Liberal  Republican; 
owns  184  acres,  valued  at  $10,000; 
born  Jan.  7,  1805,  in  Massachusetts  ; 
removed,  with  his  parents,  to  Madison 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  when  quite  young;  married 
Miss  Delency  Marshall,  of  that  county, 
Feb.  15,  1838 ;  she  was  born  July  9, 
1807;  have  had  two  children  born  of 
them;  the  oldest  died  at  the  age  to 
4  weeks,  no  name;  the  only  surviv- 
ing one,  George  M.,  was  born  March 
13,   1842,  and  owns  70  acres  on    Sec. 


CAZENOVIA  TOWNSHIP. 


631 


23,  valued  at  S3,500  ;  Liberal  Republi- 
can ;  is  unmarried,  resides  with  his 
parents,  and  manages  the  farm,  also  his 
own ;  holds  the  office  of  Road  Commis- 
sioner at  the  present  time ;  has  been  Con- 
stable two  terms.  Mr.  C,  Sr.,  emigrated 
to  this  county  from  Madison  Co.,  N.  Y., 
in  the  Fall  of  1844;  he  came  with  a 
team  and  wagon  the  whole  distance,  and 
was  six  weeks  and  two  days  accomplish- 
ing the  trip ;  the  place  where  he  now 
resides  was,  at  that  time,  a  piece  of  wild 
prairie ;  it  is  now  one  of  the  best  im- 
proved farms  in  the  county.  The  aged 
couple  are  now  reaping  the  reward  of 
their  early  hardships,  surrounded  by 
every  desirable  comfort. 

DODDS  &  ARROWSHITH,  farmers  ; 
P.  0.  Low  Point. 

Dodds,  Mrs.  J.  E.,  P.  0.  Low  Point. 

Daly,  Wm.,  retired  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Dyer.  Ebin,  former ;  P.  0.  Low  Point. 

DEBOLT,  LYDIA,  farmer  ;  P.  0. 
Washburn  ;  Methodist ;  owns  80  acres, 
valued  at  $5,000  ;  born  in  Pennsylvania 
Nov.  12,  1810  (maiden  name  Garrison); 
married  Geo.  Debolt ;  removed  from 
Pennsylvania  to  this  State  ;  Mr.  D.  died 
Dec.  11,  1863;  had  seven  children — 
3Iargaret,  born  3Iarch  27,  1831  ;  Gar- 
rison, born  Dec.  2,  1832  ;  Sarah,  born 
Aug.  1,  1833;  Amos,  born  Oct.  5, 
1838  ;  Jacob,  born  May  22,  1843  ;  died 
June  26,  1869  ;  Jackson,  born  Feb.  11, 
1851  ;  Elmira,  born  Jan.  5,  1854. 
Jacob  served  his  country  in  the  44th  I. 
Y.  I.  with  credit.  During  the  month  of 
June,  1869,  he  attempted  to  swim  across 
Crow  Creek  on  the  Lacon  road  and  was 
drowned  ;  he  had  gone  from  AVashburn 
to  Lacon  after  a  load  of  iron  ;  Amos  was 
in  the  same  company  and  regiment  with 
Jabez  Fisher,  and  his  record  the  same, 
except  that  he  received  a  severe  wound 
at  Harper's  Ferry ;  he  resides  on  Round 
Prairie,  Marshall  Co.,  111.  Jackson 
married  Eva  Parker  Dec.  27,1877  ;  she 
was  born  July  25,  1857.  Mr.  Debolt, 
at  the  time  of  his  death,  was  about  50 


years 


of  age. 


Davison,  I.  H.,  laborer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Daub,  John,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Dibel,  Geo.  F.,  flour  dlr.  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Donlevy,  Jno.,  sal.  kpr.;   P.  0.  Washburn. 
Debolt,  Barbara,  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Dckelman,  H.,shoe  mkr.;  P.  0.  Washburn, 


DRENNEN,  WILLIAM,  former ; 
Sec.  35 ;  P.  0.  Low  Point ;  United 
Presbyterian  ;  National ;  owns  80  acres 
of  land,  valued  at  85,000  ;  born  in  Alle- 
gheny Co.,  Pa.,  Oct.  14,  1819  ;  married 
Margaret  Speer  Oct.  5,  1845  ;  she  was 
born  April  24,  1827,  in  the  same  county 
and  State ;  have  eight  children  living, 
one  dead — Thomas,  born  Dec.  12,  1846  ; 
David,  born  Nov.  27,  1848;  William, 
born  April  8,  1851  ;  Sarah  J.,  born 
June  24,  1853  ;  James  K.,  born  March 
24,  1856  ;  died  May  11,  1857  ;  Yiolet, 
born  June  27,  1858  :  Matthew  S.,  born 
May  1,  1861  ;  Oscar  G.,  born  Oct.  17. 
1864;  Mary  M.,  born  Feb.  27,  1868, 
Mr.  D.  came  to  this  State  Nov.  1,  1855  ; 
settled  five  miles  north  of  here,  and  re- 
sided 16  years  ;  resided  at  the  present 
home  about  1 0  years ;  held  office  of 
Supervisor  one  term,  commencinc  1863. 

DRENNEN,  DAVID,  dealer  in  ag- 
ricultural implements  ;  P.  0.  Low  Point; 
Presb. ;  Nat.  ;  born  in  Allegheny  Co., 
Pa.,  Nov.  27,  1849  ;  came  to  this  county 
with  his  parents  about  21  years  ago  ; 
married  Louisa  Patton,  Feb.  6,  1873; 
she  was  born  Feb.  6,  1850,  in  Greene 
Co.,  Pa. ;  have  two  children — Oscar 
Boyd,  born  in  this  State,  Dec.  28, 1874  ; 
Jennie  Mabel,  in  Nebraska,  Sept.  2, 
1876.  Mr.  D.  deals  in  all  kinds  of  ag- 
ricultural implements  ;  he  keeps  a  vari- 
ety of  first-class  goods  and  can  furnish 
anything  from  a  steam  thresher  down  to 
a  cjarden  hoe,  on  very  short  notice. 

DRENNEN,    THOMAS,    station 

agent ;  P.  0.  Low  Point :  is  a  son  of 
William  Drennen.  Esq.,  in  whose  biog- 
raphy birth  is  given  ;  married  Miss  S.  E. 
Genoways  Sept.  19, 1873  ;  she  was  born 
in  Missouri  March  3,  1853  ;  have  two 
children,  both  of  whom  are  living — 
Florella,  born  July  14,  1873  ;  youngest, 
a  boy,  not  yet  named.  Mr.  D.  is  also 
Deputy  Postmaster  of  Low  Point,  No- 
tary Public,  and  business  manager  for  J. 
E.  Dodd,  mercantile  house  in  the  above 
place.  In  addition  to  the  above,  Mr.  D. 
has  the  agency  for  several  first-class  in- 
surance companies. 
DODDS,  JOHN  E.,  former  and  mer- 
chant ;  P.  0.  Low  Point ;  born  in  Ohio, 
Dec.  23,  1831  ;  married  Mary  J.  Pat- 
ton  Feb.  13,  1856 ;  she  was  born  April 
22,  1839 ;  have  had    thirteen    children 


632 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


born  to  them,  ten  of  whom  are  now*  liv- 
ing—Chira  Alice,  born  Feb.  12,  1857, 
died  Aug.  26,  1863  ;  Katie  Ella,  born 
April  11.  1860,  died  Aug.  28.  1863; 
William  Albert,  born  Feb.  6.  1862,  died 
Sept.  11,  1863:  Minnie  Emma,  bom 
Oct.  25.  1863  ;  Mary  E..  Nov.  8. 1865  ; 
Berdella,  Aug.  18,1867;  Tillie  Anna, 
Nov.  25,  1869;  Arvilla  May,  Aug.  30, 
1871  ;  John  E..  Aug.  8.  1873  ;  Fanny, 
Feb.  6,  1875  ;  Arthur.  Aug.  27,  1876; 
have  also  an  infant  son  born  March  29, 
1878 ;  owns  450  acres  of  land  valued 
at  §2-1,000  :  also  owns  cue-half  interest 
in  300  acres  in  Arkansas  :  Prcsb. ;  Na- 
tional ;  Mr.  Dodd  has  had  an  interest 
in  a  mercantile  house  in  Arkansas  for  the 
past  year :  he  is  fitting  up  a  building  at 
Low  Point  Station  for  the  same  business 
and  intends  to  keep  a  large  and  well 
assorted  stock  of  goods  at  that  place ; 
Mr.  D.  is  also  engaged  in  the  lumber 
business  *in  Arkansas,  which  he  intends 
to  continue  ;  has  held  office  of  Justice 
of  the  Peace. 

EHRINGER,    FRED..    Jr.,  furuitm-e 
mnfr. ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Eberhart.  M.  U..  far. ;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 
Ehriuger.  Anton,    furniture  mnfr.  ;   P.  0. 

Washburn. 
Ehringer.  Albert,    fiirniture  mnfr. :  P.  0. 

Washbuin. 
Ehringer,  Fred.,  Sr.,  ret. ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Evans,  R.,  laborer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Everman.  John.  far.  :  P.  0.  Washburn. 

EHRINGER  &  EICHHORN, 

furniture  dealers ;  P.  0.  Washburn ; 
this  is  a  new  firm  just  established  in  the 
city  of  Washburn ;  their  establishment 
is  located  a  few  doors  north  of  the  post 
office  ;  they  manufacture  and  keep  a  large 
and  well  assorted  stock  of  furniture  of  all 
kinds;  they  have  very  commodious  ware- 
rooms  in  a  building  22  by  40,  and  two 
stories  high.  The  workshop  is  situated 
directly  in  the  rear  ;  their  stock  consists 
of  evervthins;  in  the  line  of  furniture, 
mattresses,  picture  frames,  coffins, 
ca.^kets,  and  in  fact,  everything  in  the 
undertakers  line,  including  a  verv  fine 
hearse  for  funeral  pur|)oses.  Mr.  A. 
Ehringer,  the  senior  member  of  the  firm, 
has  had  seventeen  yea^-s'  experience 
as  a  cabinet  maker  ;  he  served  nine  years 
in  Germany  at  that  business,  and  eight 
years  in   this  country.     He  married  a 


daughter  of  Peter  Eichhorn.  Esq.,  beer 
brewer,  of  Spring  Bay.  His  partner, 
Frederick  Eichhorn,  is  a  son  of  the  same 
gentleman.  He  has  had  f  lur  years"  ex- 
perience as  a  cabinet  maker  ;  Mr.  Ehrin- 
ger has  been  carrying  on  the  business  of 
contracting  and  building  in  this  vicinity 
for  quite  a  number  of  years,  and  which 
he  will  still  continue  to  do  ;  Mr.  P^ichhorn 
will  take  charge  of  the  store. 

EBERHART,    MARTIN  W., 

farmer ;  Sec.  28 ;  P.  0.  Cazenovia  ; 
born  Sept,  25,  1820,  in  Fayette  Co., 
Pa. :  3Ieth. ;  Rep. :  owns  61 }  acres ;  value 
$2,500  ;  married  to  Susan  Casey  Feb.  27. 
1845;  she  was  born  Dec.  3,  1820;  re- 
moved from  West  Virginia  herein  Oct., 
1868 ;  have  four  children  living,  one 
dead— James  T..  born  Dec.  19.1845; 
William  A..  Sept.  10,  1847;  Nancy, 
March  20.  1851  ;  Lizzie.  Sept.  23,  1852: 
Alfred  Dorsey.  born  July  20,  1S55. 
died  Aug  10,  1863;  Willi;mi  and  James 
were  in  the  17th  Regt.  W.  Va.  Inf. ; 
served  fi-om  Sept.,  1864,  to  the  close  of 
the  war :  were  taken  prisoners  once ; 
were  in  several  skirmishes  ;  Nancy,  the 
oldest  daughter,  is  blind  ;  she  lost  her 
sight  when  1  year  old ;  she  has  always 
remained  at  home  and  has  acquired  a 
good  education,  does  all  kinds  of  house- 
work, sewing,  makes  garments  of  almost 
any  kind  without  difficulty ;  several  <{Uilts 
that  she  has  made  are  very  beautiful ; 
she  has  taken  the  first  and  second  prizes 
at  the  county  fair  for  quilting  ;  she  is 
also  a  good  mathematician  ;  Lizzie  is  a 
well  educated  young  lad}- ;  is  engaged 
at  the  present  time  in  teaching  a  district 
school  in  the  localitv  known  as  Brick 
Town.this  beincr  her  third  successive  term. 

ELLSWORTH,    LUCIUS    H,, 

wagon  maker  and  blacksmith  ;  P.  0. 
Low  Point ;  United  Presbyterian  ;  Na- 
tional ;  owns  two  and  a  h;vlf  lots  with 
dwelling  and  .-ihops  ;  value.  §1,500  ;  born 
in  East  Windsor,  Conn.,  Nov.  1,  1822  ; 
married  Susan  Cheney,  of  Windham, 
Conn.,  about  the  year  1843  :  she  died  in 
Middletown,  Conn.,  in  February,  1848  ; 
had  one  child  by  that  union — Henry  ; 
he  resides  in  Hartford,  Conn. ;  is  a 
painter.  3Ir.  E.'s  second  marriage  was 
to  Susan  Bailey,  of  Vermont  ;  she  was 
born  May  1.  1830:  have  two  children 
hving  by  that  union,  and  one  deceased  ; 


CAZENOVIA  TOWNSHIP. 


633* 


Imogene,  born  in  New  London,  Conn., 
April  25,  1854  ;  she  married  Wm.  B. 
Doty,  of  Peoria,  where  they  now  reside ; 
Louis  Frederick,  born  in  Xew  Havon^ 
Conn.,  Oct.  2,  1863.  The  early  years 
of  Mr.  E.  were  spent  on  a  form  ;  he  then 
learned  the  machinist's  trade ;  had  charge 
of  a  cotton  mill  three  years  in  Woon- 
socket,  R.  I. ;  worked  at  paper  and  cotton 
machinery,  also  tools,  three  years  ;  then 
on  steam  work  fifteen  years  ;  was  a  steam- 
boat engineer  four  years  ;  he  was  rated 
as  a  first-class  engineer  and  has  a  certifi- 
cate in  his  possession  to  that  effect ;  he 
worked  four  years  in  different  machine 
shops  in  Peoria,  111. ;  was  Chief  Engineer 
of  the  Steam  Fire  Engijie  Department 
of  that  place  one  year  ;  worked  six 
months  for  Wm.  Stormont  in  Ottawa, 
111  ,  and  in  charge  of  Cushman's  machine 
shojis  at  that  place  two  years ;  from  there 
to  this  place,  where  he  has  resided  ever 
since  ;  is  now  carrying  on  the  business  of 
wagon  making  and  blaeksmithing  ;  Mr. 
E.  is  noted  as  being  a  very  skillful  work- 
man either  in  wood  or  iron. 
FARNSWORTH,  MARY  A.,  farmer  ; 
P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Fisher,  Nathan,  retd.  far.  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Fowler,  Jane,  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Fulton,  James,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Fitzgerald,  Jno.,  sec.  boss;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Flemino-,  Jno.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

FARNSWORTH,     SAMPSON 

G.,  farmer  ;  Sec.  11  ;  P.  0.  Washburn  ; 
Liberal ;  Democrat ;  owns  280  acres  ; 
value,  $14,000  ;  born  in  Windsor,  Vt., 
April  5,  1810  ;  married  EmelineQuack- 
enbush,  about  1834  ;  she  died  Nov.  22, 
187G ;  have  seven  children  living — 
Esther,  born  July  10,  1839  ;  George  A., 
born  Nov.  3,  1840;  Ann  E.,  born 
March  IG,  1842;  Elijah  M.,  born  May 

10,  1844  ;  Charlotte  E.,  born  Nov.  25, 
1846  ;  Chauncey  Lafayette,  born  April 

11,  1849;  Oliver  C,  born  Feb.  11, 
1866.  George  served  three  years  in  the 
77th  I.  V.  I.  ;  was  in  quite  a  number  of 
battles,  and  was  also  a  pris(jner  at  An- 
dersonville  about  six  months. 

FISHER,  SARAH,  farmer  ;  P.  0. 
Washburn  ;  Christian  ;  owns  320  acres 
valued  at  §17,000  ;  born  in  Va.,  Sept. 
13,  1821;  maiden  name  was  Stanley ; 
was  married  to  Elias  Fisher,  Nov.  5, 
1840.  He  was  born  in  Ohio,  March  11, 


1822  ;  died  August  4,  1866,  leaving  a 
family  of  eight  children,  five  of  whom 
are  now  livinu — Isaiah,  born  Aug.  15, 
1841,  died  July  10,  1867;  Jabezj  Aug. 
30,  1845  ;  Oliver  Miles,  June  19, 1849; 
Mary,  Feb.  15,  1852 ;  she  married 
Samuel  Wagner  of  this  township  ;  Ira 
Alvin,  Dec.  10,1854;  Martha  Luella, 
Sept.  18,1857;  died  Aug.,  6,  1866; 
Lousia  June  19,  1861  ;  Sarah,  Aug.  26, 
1864;  died  July  20,  1866.  Mr.  F. 
came  to  this  State  with  his  parents  from 
Ohio  to  Tazewell  Co.  in  1829  ;  resided 
there  30  years  ;  removed  to  this  county 
in  1859  ;  at  the  time  of  his  death,  he 
owned  320  acres  of  land,  which  Mrs  F. 
with  the  assistance  of  her  sons,  has 
managed  ever  since  with  success.  Mrs. 
F.  owns  some  town  property  in  Wash- 
burn; Isaiah  and  Jabez  were  both  soldiers 
during  the  late  rebellion  ;  the  former  was 
in  the  77th  I.  V.  I.,  and  served  his  full 
term  of  three  years,  and  participated  in 
quite  a  number  of  battles  in  which  that 
regiment  was  engaged,  among  which 
were  Chickasaw  Bayou,  Arkansas  Post, 
Vicksburg  ;  he  lost  his  health  while  in 
the  service,  which  finally  resulted  in  his 
death  ;  Jabez  was  in  the  65th  I.  V.  I.  ; 
was  taken  prisoner  at  Harpers  Ferry  by 
Stonewall  Jackson,  paroled  and  sent  to 
Chicago  in  Oct..  1862  ;  remained  there 
until  May,  1863;  went  with  regiment 
to  Lexington,  Ky. ;  remained  there  one 
month  for  drill,  then  to  West  Ky. ;  en- 
gaged in  warefare  with  guerillas  until 
the  seige  of  Knoxville  ;  participated  in 
that  engagement  ;  was  at  the  battle  of 
Franklin  ;  from  there  to  Fort  Fisher ; 
joined  Sherman  at  Goldsljoro,  then  to 
Raleigh,  where  he  was  discharged ;  he 
married  Mario  Harper,  Dec.  27,  1867  ; 
she  was  born  Oct.  6,  1850 ;  has  four 
children — Lola  Sarah,  born  jNIarch  4, 
1869;  Ada  Mary,  Jan.  11,  1871  ;  Ethel. 
Feb.  23,  1873  ;  May,  May  1,  1875. 

Farber,  Mary,  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Flatwood,  C.  M.,for.  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Fishburn,  A.  S.,  hotel;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Fisher,  Jabez,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Eraser,  D.  V.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Fisher,  I.  A.,  P.  0.  Wa.shburn. 

Fally,  R.  T.,  carpenter;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Fisher,  0.  M.,  grocer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Fult..n,  M.  S.,  &  Co., drugs;  P.  0.  Wash- 
burn. 


634 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


Fulton,  M.  S.,  dru<;s;  P.  0.  Washburn.       i 

Finks,    Jacob,    clothier ;     P.    0.    Wash-  | 
burn. 

Fisher.  W.,  farmer;  P.  O.  Washburn. 

FOSTER,  HENRY,  farmer  and 
stock  raiser;  P.  0.  Low  Point  ;  Lib.  ; 
Dem. ;  owns  800  acres ;  value,  ^40,000  ; 
born  in  New  York,  Sept.  16,  1833  ; 
came  with  his  parents  to  this  State  the 
December  following ;  married  Margaret 
Calvert  April  4,  1867  ;  she  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania  May  10,  1843  ;  have  had 
eight  children,  seven  of  whom  are  living. 
May  Lureney,  born  Jan.  12, 1868,  died 
Jan.  18,  1877  ;  Louisa  Ellen,  born  Feb. 
19,  1869;  William  Jeter,  March  26, 
1870;  Charles  Minor,  Jan.  30,  1872; 
Delencey  Ann,  Dec.  7,  1873;  Melissa 
M.,  May  8, 1875 ;  Maggie  Ida  ;  Jan.  11, 
1877;  Dora  Olive,  March  21,  1878. 
Mr.  F.'s  father  was  born  in  New  York 
Oct.  9,  1796  ;  died,  Aug.  11,  1865.  His 
mother,  Lureney,  was  born  Nov.  4, 1795 ; 
died,  May  14,  1862. 

PULLER,  MARTIN  LUTHER, 

Jr., far.;  Sec.  36;  P.  O.Cazenovia  ;  Bap.; 
Hep.  ;  owns  80  acres  of  land  ;  value  ^5,- 
000  ;  born  in  Hamilton,  Madison  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Jan.  21,  18i8 ;  married  Anna 
Maria  Fish,  Oct.  2,  1855  ;  she  was  born 
in  Rutland,  Vt.,  .\pril  28,  1837  ;  had 
three  children,  two  of  whom  are  living ; 
Anna  Maria,  born  July  31,  1858,  died 
April  8,  18()6  ;  Lydia  Edna,  born  Sept. 

16,  1860;  Francis  Eugene,  Nov.  5, 
1868.  Mr.  Fullers  father,  Martin 
Luther  Fuller,  Sr.,  was  born  in  Grafton, 
Windsor  Co.,  Vt.,  Feb.  7,  1803 ;  mar- 
ried Edna  Converse,  of  the  same  place, 
Oct.  19,  1823;  she  was  born  in  the 
above  named  place,  Aug.  7,  1796  ;  she 
died  Feb.  4,  1865;  had  six  children — 
Edna  Salina,  born  in  Grafton,  Vt.,  April 

17,  1825 ;  Martin  L.  (given  above)  ; 
Thomas  Eugene  and  James  Lysander 
(twin^),  born  Aug.  10,  1830,  at  Crown 
Point,  N.  Y. ;  Lysander  died  when  four 
months  old  ;  Thomas  E.  died  Aug.  20, 
1832 ;  A.  Lucina  E.,  born  April  26, 
1832,  at  Crown  Point,  N.  Y.,  died  May 
22,  1873  ;  married  for  his  second  wife 
Mary  Jane  Bacon,  of  Normal,  McLean 
Co.,  111.,  March  1,  1866;  came  to  this 
State  in  1855  ;  has  labored  in  the  min- 
istry 52  years ;  was  ordained  at  Crown 
Point,   N.   Y.,  Jan.   13,  1831  ;  luis  ap- 


pointments at  Roanoke   Church    every 
Sunday  the  present  year. 

QREGORY,   PERRY,   P.   0.  Meta- 
mora. 

Gilj^en,  L.  A., farmer;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Grey,  Mary,  teacher  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Gardner,  Benton,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Low  Point. 

Gill,  Henry,  butcher ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

GARDNE  R,  JAIRUS,  brickmaker; 
P.  0.  Low  Puint  ;  Lib.  ;  Nat.  ;  owns  30 
acres  ;  born  in  N.  Y.  August  26,  1830  ; 
married  Permelia  Hilsebeck,  Nov.  6, 
1847  ;  she  was  born  in  N.  C.  Oct.  6, 
1830  ;have  ten  children — Elizabeth  M., 
born  March  25,  1849  ;  Laney  Catherine, 
May  13,  1851  ;  Joseph  Marion,  Dec. 
1,  1852  ;  Jairus  Benton  and  John  Ben- 
jamin (twins),  Jan.  18,  1855 ;  John 
Benj.  died  March  19,  1855  ;  David  Har- 
land,born  Dec.  20, 1856;  William  Albert, 
Jan.  7,  1859  ;  Permelia  Jane,  July  22, 
1860  ;  George  W.,  Nov.  30, 1865  ;  Fos- 
ter Edson,  Ajjril  1,  1868;  Frances 
Butler,  May  30,  1875  ;  Mr.  G.  came  to 
this  county  in  1867  ;  is  engaged  in  the 
manufacture  of  brick  ;  his  yard  is  four 
miles  west  of  Low  Point,  near  what  was 
formerly  known  as  Bricktown  ;  he  makes 
a  good  quality  of  brick,  and  intends  to 
make  about  500,000  this  coming  Sum- 
mer. 

HUBERT,    ADAM,    farmer;  P.   0. 
Washburn. 

Hahn,  Christian,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Hink,  Henry,  carpenter ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Hiltabrand,  Geo.,  far. ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Hossteller,  Jacob,  far. ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Hirt,  Jacob,  tailor  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Howell,  James,  far. ;  P.  0.  Low  Point. 

Hammers,  W.  0.,  far. ;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Held,  Jacob,  fiirmer ;   P.  0.  Washburn. 

Hood,    I.  C,  farmer;   P.O.  Cazenovia. 

HILTABRAND,  GEORGE  W., 

farmer;  P.  O.  Washburn  ;  Lib.  ;  Dem.  ; 
owns  362  acres,  value  87,500  ;  born  in 
Putnam  Co.,  this  State,  Oct.  16,  1837  ; 
married  to  Kate  Shields,  Dec.  22, 1869  ; 
she  was  born  in  the  same  county,  Aug. 
29,  1851  ;  have  only  one  child — Minnie 
Elizabeth;  she  was  born  in  Putnam  Co., 
Dec.  28,  1870  ;  Mr.  H.'s  father  and 
mother  came  to  this  State  in  1828  from 
Tenn.  ;  settled  on  the  homestead  still 
occupied  by  Mrs.  H.,  Sr.  ;  Mr.  H.'s 
father  was  born  June  18.  1799,  in  N. 
C.  ;  his  mother  was  born  Oct.  17,  1804. 


CAZENOVIA  TOWNSHIP. 


635 


she  is  still  living  in  Putnam  Co.  near 
Magnolia  ;  his  father  died  Oct.  20, 1 870  ; 
twelve  children  were  born  to  them,  ten 
of  whom  are  living ;  Mrs.  H.'s father  was 
born  Feb.  8,  1824  ;  her  mother  was  born 
Dec.  25,  1828 ;  both  are  now  living  in 
Putnam  Co.,  this  State. 

Heck,  Phillip,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Hammers,  W.  0.,  &  Co.,  elevator,  etc.;  P. 

0.  Cazenovia. 

Hammers,  J.  A.,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 
Hammers,       Luella,     millinery ;      P.     0. 
Cazenovia. 

HAINES,  JONATHAN  G.,  gro 

cer ;  P.  0.  Washburn  ;  Lib.  Rep.  ;  owns 
house  and  five  lots  in  Washburn  ;  value, 
$1,500  ;  born  in  Clinton  Co.,  Ohio,  Jan. 

1,  1824 ;  came  to  this  State  in  Nov. 
1847  ;  first  settled  in  Tazewell  Co. ;  re- 
mained there  until  the  year  1856,  during 
which  time  he  was  engaged  in  milling 
on  the  Mackinaw  River  ;  he  then  came 
to  this  town  and  eno;aoed  in  merchandis- 
ing  ;  married  Abi  Fisher ;  have  had  six 
children,  only  two  of  whom  are  living. 
Mr.  H.  has  held  the  ofiice  of  Collector 
three  terms ;  School  Director,  several 
terms,  and  also  the  ofiice  of  Postmaster. 

HUTCHISON,    JOSEPH     A., 

blacksmith  ;  P.  0.  AVashburn  ;  Bapt. ; 
Rep. ;  owns  house  and  lot  in  Washburn  ; 
value,  $1,000  ;  born  in  Morgan  Co.,  this 
State,  Jan.  2,  1835  ;  married  Jane  But- 
ler Oct.  1,  1856  ;  she  was  born  Jan.  2, 
1837,  in  this  county ;  have  had  six  chil- 
dren, all  of  whom  are  now  living — Mary, 
born  x\ug.  8,  1857  ;  James,  born  Sept. 
28,  1860  ;  Grant,  April  24,  1863 ;  Eva, 
July  28,  1866  ;  Lizzie,  June  23,  1869  ; 
William,  March  4,  1872.  Mary  is 
teaching  school  in  the  primary  depart- 
ment of  the  Washburn  school.  James 
is  a  telegraph  operator  and  is  in  the  em- 
ploy of  the  C.  &  A.  R.  R.  at  Stamford. 
Mr.  H.  was  a  soldier  during  the  late 
war ;  he  served  three  years  in  Co.  C, 
77th  I.  V.  I.,  participating  in  all  the 
battles  that  that  reeiment  was  enaaoed 
in,  with  the  exception  of  Sabine  Cross 
Roads ;  he  has  resided  in  Washburn  about 
twenty-four  years  ;  Mrs.  Hutchison  was 
a  half  sister  to  Margaret  Butler,  who,  in 
company  with  her  father,  was  frozen  to 
death  in  the  Winter  of  1836-37,  an  ac- 
count of  which  will  be  found  in  another 
part  of  this  work  ;  Mrs.   H.  has  a  sister 


living  in  California  and  a  half  brother 
living  in  Oregon.  Mr.  H.  has  been  en- 
gaged in  blacksmithing  and  wagon  mak- 
ing for  the  past  twenty-four  years,  and  is 
considered  one  of  the  most  skillful  me- 
chanics in  Washburn.  Three  years  ago, 
he  joined  the  Baptist  Church,  and  is  con- 
sidered as  one  of  the  most  zealous  sup- 
porters. Mrs.  H.  has  been  a  member 
of  the  same  church  for  the  past  thirty 
years. 

bOUCK,  JACOB  C,  retired  farmer ; 
P.  0.  Washburn  ;  Meth. ;  Rep. ;  owns 
280  acres  of  land  in  Woodford  Co., 
value,  $15,000 ;  also  town  property  in 
Washburn  to  the  value  of  $3,000  ;  was 
born  in  Fairfield  Co.,  Ohio,  Feb.  19, 
1810  ;  had  eight  children — Issac,  Sarah 
Ann,  Elizabeth  Mary,  Emily,  John, 
Dennis  and  AVilliam.  Mr.  Houck  came 
to  this  State  in  1837 ;  he  followed  the 
occupation  of  farming  until  about  the 
year  1863,  since  which  time  he  has  been 
living  a  retired  life.  Lizzie  Grove,  a 
granddaughter,  was  born  Sept.  22, 1861. 
Her  father  was  a  soldier  during  the  war 
and  served  nearly  three  years  in  the 
77th  L  V.  I. ;  he  was  killed  in  the  bat- 
tle of  Red  River. 

Hess,  Mary  J.,  millinery  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Hollman,  S.  S.,  far.;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Haase,  Christian,  dry  goods  ;  P.  0.  Wash- 
burn. 

Hutchinson,  Eliza  J.,  P.  0.  Washburn. 

HALL,  EDNA  SELINA,  MRS., 

farmer ;  P.  O.  Cazenovia ;  Bapt.  ;  owns 
loo  acres,  valued  at  $5,000;  born  in 
Grafton,  Windham  Co.,  Vt.,  April  17, 
1825;  her  maiden  name  was  Fuller; 
she  is  a  daughter  of  Rev.  M.  L.  Fuller ; 
she  married  Erastus  Hall,  Nov.  2,  1853  ; 
he  was  born  March  29,  1815,  in  Ran- 
dolph, Orange  Co.,  Vt.  ;  he  died  Feb. 
26,  1874.  Mr.  Hall  was  twice  married, 
first  to  Mary  M.  Smith,  of  Moores, 
Clinton  Co.,  N.  Y.  ;  she  died  Nov.  28, 
1852,  in  the  34th  year  of  her  age  ;  by 
that  union  she  had  five  children,  two 
of  whom  died  in  infancy — Angeline  C, 
born  July  5,  1840 ;  Alzina  R.,  born 
July  13,  1843;  Alcesta,  born  Sept.  14, 
1846 ;  by  his  second  marriage  five 
children  were  born  to  them — Mary 
Edna,  born  Jan.  27,  1856 ;  Florence 
Lurena,  born  Aug.  23,  1858  ;  William 
Erastus,    born    June    7,   1860;    Sarah 


636 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


Lucina,  born   May  16,  1863  ;  Miranda 
Maria,  born  May  28, 1 867.  Mr.  Hall  emi- 
grated to  tins  State  from  New  York  State 
1855,  and  settled  on  the  place  where  his 
family  now  reside — wliich  was  at  that 
time  a  piece  of  wild    prairie.     He  had 
at  the   time   of  his  coming  here  about 
S600  ;  at  the  time  of  his  death  he  left 
property  for  the  family   to  the  amount 
of  S10,000.     He  was  noted  as  being  a 
kind  hearted  man  and  one  that  was  al- 
ways ready  to  assist    those  in   need;  he 
was    ready  to   assist   in    all  benevolent 
purposes,  a    good     Christian,   and  was 
much  respected  by   all  who  knew  him. 
His   death  was  caused  by  a  kick  from  a 
horse.     Mrs.  Hall,  with  the  assistance 
of  her  children,  has   managed  the  farm 
since   Mr.   H.'s    death,  and  is  in  very 
comfortable      circumstances.       William 
has  resided    at    home  ever    since    his 
father's  death,  and  is  an  industrious,  re- 
liable youn'j  man. 
HAMMERS,  JESSE,  farmer  ;  Sec. 
32  ;  P.  0.  Cazenovia  ;  Baptist ;  Repub- 
Hcan  ;  owns  1230  acres  of  land,  valued 
at  860,000  ;  also  town  property  in  Caz- 
enovia village,  to    the  value  of  $3,000 ; 
was   born  in   Fayette  Co.,  Pa.,  May  7, 
1804  ;    married    Eleanor    Buckingham 
May  8,  1831,  in  Greene  Co.,  Pa. ;  she 
was  born  in  the  same   county  Aug.  21, 
1808,  died  Feb.  14,  1850.  Six  children 
were   born    to    them — Isaac    B.,  born 
May   17,    1832— died   Nov.    5,  1854; 
Joseph,  born  Sept.  3,  1833  ;  Elizabeth, 
born  May  7,  1836— died  Nov.  2,  1855; 
Morgan  B.,  born  July  11,  1838  ;    Jas. 
A.,  born  May    9,  1840 ;     William    0., 
born    Sept.  22,  1842.     Mr.    Jesse    H. 
married  Ruah  Garrison  (widow  of  Mor- 
gan Buckingham),  May  4,  1851.     She 
had  two  children  by  former  husband — 
Morgan  and  Margaret  (now  Mrs.  P.  A. 
Coen).     Three    children    were  born  to 
them  since  the  latter  marriaiie — George, 
born  April  30, 1852,  died  Dec.  9,  1854; 
Ruah    E.,  born    Nov.    24,    1853,    died 
May  28,   1854  ;     Mary,  born   July  1, 
1859,  died  Jan.  29,  1862.    Isaac  Buck- 
ingham, wife  and  seven  children,  came 
to  this  State  in  1832.     They  made  the 
journey   by   flatboat    down     the    Ohio 
River ;  were  towed    up  the  Mississippi 
to   St.  Louis  ;  from  there  they  pushed 
the  boat  up  the  Illinois  River,  and  set- 


tled on  Sec.  8,  in  Cazenovia  Township. 
They  are  now  all  dead.  Isaac  died  Feb. 
19,1849,  aged  72  years ;  Sarah,  wife 
of  Isaac,  died  May  27,  1855,  aged  75 
years;  Morgan  B.  died  Aug.  26,1845, 
aged  45  years  ;  William  died  Oct.  12, 
1858,  aged  42  years;  Geo.  Garrison, 
died  Aug.  10,  1851 ;  Mary  Garrison, 
his  wife,  died  Sept.  3,  1851.  Mr.  Jesse 
Hammers  has  been  Justice  of  the  Peace 
sixteen  years.  James  and  William  were 
in  the  77th  111.  Vols. ;  James  served  full 
term  ;  participated  in  all  the  battles  that 
the  regiment  was  in,  and  acquitted  him- 
self with  honor ;  he  was  Orderly  Ser- 
geant the  latter  half  of  the  term;  just 
previous  to  his  discharge,  the  Governor 
commissioned  him  as  First  Lieutenant, 
for  meritorious  conduct.  William  held 
the  position  of  First  Lieutenant,  served 
nearly  one  year,  and  then  resigned  on 
account  of  ill  health.  Mr.  H.  has  a 
nursery  of  ten  acres,  keeps  a  general  as- 
sortment of  trees  and  shrubbery.  The 
latter  he  intends  making  a  specialty  in 
the  future.  His  present  wife,  Ruah, 
was  born  in  Greene  Co.,  Pa.,  July  20, 
1814. 

"TMHOFF,    JACOB,    farmer;    P.    0. 
I       Washburn. 

ImhofF,  Jos.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Wa.shburn. 

Immel,  John,  blacksmith ;  P.  O.Washburn. 

lUNKER,  AUGUST,  miller;  p.  0. 
Washburn  ;  Lutheran  ;  Democrat  ; 
owns  250  acres,  valued  at  S12.500 ; 
also  two  dwellings,  two  wagon  shops 
and  two  blacksmith  shops  in  Washburn, 
valued  at  about  $4,000  ;  was  born  in 
Prussia  Aug.  4,  1827 ;  emigrated  to 
New  Orleans  June  20,  1854  ;  he  was 
at  that  time  26  years  old  ;  at  that  time, 
he  was  not  in  possession  of  a  dollar, 
having  expended  all  of  his  money  to 
get  to  this  country  ;  he  remained  in  New 
Orleans  about  nine  months,  working  at 
blacksmithing  ;  he  then  came  to  this 
county,  and  engaged  in  the  same  busi- 
ness in  connection  with  wagon  making. 
In  1868,  he  built  the  mill  which  he  now 
owns,  at  Washburn,  since  which  time 
he  has  given  that  his  whole  attention. 
Mr.  I.  married  Kathrina  Sunken  July 
22,  1858  ;  she  was  born  in  Prus.sia  July 
1,  1837;  have  had  six  children,  five  of 
whom  are  now  living; — Mary,  born  Dec. 
13,  1859  ;  John,  born  July  11,  1861  ; 


CAZENOVIA  TOWNSHIP. 


63T 


Dena,  born  March  9,1864;  Martha, 
born  June  23,1868;  Augusta,  born 
March  6,  1867,  died  March  10,  1868; 
Kathrina,  born  Dec.  27,  1871.  Mr.  I. 
served  as  a  soldier  in  the  Prussian  army 
two  years ;  has  held  office  of  Township 
Trustee  two  years ;  one  of  his  blacksmith 
and  wagon  shops  is  occupied  by  Mr. 
Too-  and  the  others  by  Mr.  Jno.  Immel. 

IRELAND,  FRANK  N.,  banker; 
p.  0.  Washburn.  Christian;  Republi- 
can ;  owns  332  acres  of  land,  valued  at 
$19,000;  also  real  estate  and  village 
property  to  the  value  of  $7,000.  Born 
in  Indiana  Oct.  17,  1836;  came  with 
his  parents  to  this  State  in  1856 ;  settled 
in  Marshall  Co.  ;  resided  in  Lacon  three 
years,  during  which  time  he  attended 
school.  Married  Miss  Fidelia  Bangs, 
daughter  of  Lyman  Bangs,  Esq.,  Oct. 
20, 1858.  She  was  born  May  22,  1837, 
in  Rochester,  N.  Y. ;  have  had  two 
children,  both  of  whom  are  now  living 
— Charles  Harrison,  born  Sept.  11, 
1864;  Cady  Clifford,  born  Feb.  14, 
1878.  Mr.  Ireland  was  a  soldier  during 
the  late  war,  and  served  as  a  private  in 
Co.  C,  77th  I.  V.  I.  He  is  the  present 
Postmaster  of  Washburn,  having  served 
in  that  capacity  for  the  past  fifteen 
years ;  is  also  engaged  in  a  general 
banking  and  insurance  business. 

IMHOPF,  MARY,  farmer;  P.  0. 
Washburn.  Ormish ;  owns  160  acres, 
valued  at  $8,000.  Born  in  Germany 
Nov.  11,  1811.  Married  John  Tmhoff 
Apiil  1,  1834.  (Her  maiden  name 
was  Wagner.)     Mrs.    I.  is    a  sister  of 

Daniel    Wagner,    of    Tp.       She 

came  with  her  husband  from  Germany 
in  1832,  to  Ohio,  and  remained  there 
until  the  year  1851.  They  then  re- 
moved to  the  place  where  she  now 
resides.  Her  husband  was  born  in 
Germany  in  1806.  His  death  occurred 
Oct.  6,  1852.  Eleven  children  were 
born  to  them ;  the  two  oldest  died  in 
infancy.  John  was  born  Aug.  10, 
1837;  Christian,  born  Jan.  29,  1839, 
died  March  8,  1869;  Lena,  born  April 
22,  1840  ;  Susan,  born  March  5,  1842  ; 
Kathrina,  born  March  1,  1844;  died 
about  the  30th  of  December,  1871  ; 
Joseph,  born  Dec.  10,  1845  ;  Jacob, 
born  Oct.  3,  1847  ;  Mary,  born  Feb.  9, 
1850,  died  Dec.  1,  1874;  Daniel,  born 


Nov.  11,  1851,  died  Jan.  27,  1878. 
Joseph  and  Jolin  are  married.  Joseph 
lives  on  the  homestead  with  his  mother, 
John  lives  near  Metamora.  Joseph 
married  Emma  J.  Webber,  of  Caze- 
novia,  Dec.  25,  1873.  She  was  born 
Aug.  1,1851.  They  have  two  children 
— Mary  Almeda,  born  Oct.  17,  1874; 
Isaac  Leroy,  born  July  16,  1877.  Jacob 
is  unmarried,  and  resides  with  his 
mother,  and  is  cultivating  a  part  of  the 
farm. 

JOSEPH,  0.  P.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Wash- 
burn. 
JONES,  S.  v.,  lawyer;  P.  0.  Wash- 
burn. Liberal  ;  Republican.  Married 
Jennie  R.,  daughter  of  Samuel  Boys, 
Esq.,  of  Lacon,  Jan.  22,  1873.  Mr. 
J.  was  one  of  the  members  of  Major 
Powell's  exploring  expedition 
Jamison,  A.  R.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Low  Point. 

JAMISON,  ARCHIBALD,  fir 

Sec.  25 ;  P.  0.  Low  Point ;  United  Presb 
Rep. ;  owns  180  acres;  value,  $9,000 
born  Dec.  31, 1821 ,  in  Harrison  Co.,  0. 
married  Mary  E.  Mastin  Jan.  16, 1845 
she  was  born  in  the  above  named  place 
Dec.  31,  1826  ;  had  five  children,  four 
of  whom  are  livin<i — -William  A.,  born 
June  11,  1847;  Ulysses  L.,  April  25, 
1849;  Archibald  Rutherford,  June  12, 
1851  ;  Samuel  J.,  Sept.  29, 1853 ;  died, 
near  Stevenson  Station,  on  the  U.  P.  R. 
R.,  Neb.,  Aug.  6,  1875  ;  Leroy  Dalzell, 
May  11, 1857.  Samuel  J.,  whose  death 
is  mentioned  above,  was  the  victim  of 
consumption.  Accompanied  by  his 
father,  he  went  to  Nebraska,  with  a  hope 
of  regaining  his  health ;  but  he  gradu- 
ally foiled,  and  after  an  absence  of  six 
weeks,  he  breathed  his  last.  Mr.  J. 
states  that  his  death  was  rather  sudden, 
although  not  unexpected.  The  evening 
of  his  death,  beseemed  to  feel  comfort- 
able, and  conversed  as  usual.  Soon  after 
retiring,  he  called  for  a  drink  of  water, 
stating  that  he  was  going  to  have  a 
coughing  spell.  He  drank  a  little  water 
and  began  to  cough,  and  in  a  few  mo- 
ments expired  in  his  father's  arms.  His 
remains  were  placed  in  a  casket  and 
brought  home  and  interred  at  the  ceme- 
tery near  Washburn.  William  was 
married  to  Miss  Cassie  Cheney  at  Cor- 
sieana,  Texas,  in  May,  1864,  where  he 
now  resides.     He  is  Deputy  Postmaster 


638 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY: 


at  that  place.  Leroy  and  Ulysses  are 
now  living  in  Union  Co.,  Iowa,  where 
thev  are  en<i;a2ecl  in  fermino:. 

KRATEli,    JACOB,    retired;  P.  0. 
Washburn.  ! 

Kafurke.  Anton,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Korbel    &    Brandt,  restaurant ;       P.    0. 

Washburn. 
Kellogg,  Warner,  far.  ;    P.   0.   Cazenovia. 
Kenyon,  Sylvester,  far. ;  P.  0.  Low  Point. 
Kerby,  J.  H.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Low   Point. 
Kerney,    David,  lab.  ;  P.   0.    Washburn. 
Knoblauch,  Jno.,    fir. ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Kenyon,  Orson,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Low  Point. 
Keedy,  A.   D.,  livery;  P.  0.   Washbui:n. 
Kenyan,  D.  D.,  livery;   P.  0.  Low  Point. 
:KIRBY,  OSBORNE  W.,  farmer  ; 
Sec.    U;       P.    0.    Washburn;     Meth ; 
Rep.  ;  owns  130  acres,  valued  at  $6,500  ; 
born    in    Greene  Co.,  Penn.,   June  6, 
1845;  married    Millie    D.    Lyon    Feb. 
25,  1871  ;  she  Avas  born  in   Otsego  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Aug.  17,  1850;  have   had  four 
children,  only   two  of  whom  are  living 
—Anna',  burn  iMarch  13,  1872  ;  Stella, 
born  April   6,    1874,  died    March   15, 
1875  ;   Howard,  born   March  13,  1876, 
died  Sept.  3,   1876;  Clara,  born   Sept. 
6,  1877.     Mr.   K.   came  to  this  State 
with  his  parents  in  1847.    Mrs.  K.  came 
with  her  parents  to  this  State   when  4 
years    of    age.      Her   parents  are  now 
living  in  Dakota ;  Mrs.  K.  is  an  accom- 
plished musician  and   performs  on  the 
piano  in  a  very  skillful  manner. 
KIRBY,  JAMES  R.,  farmer  ;  Sec. 
14;  P.   0.   Washburn;  Meth.;    Rep.; 
owns  80  acres,  valued   at  $4,000  ;    is  a 
brother   of    Osborne    W.   Kirby ;    was 
born  in   Pennsylvania,    Oct.    11,1842; 
married     Hettie    M.    Martin,  in   Ohio, 
Xov.  23,  1870.     She  was  born  July  4, 
1847,  in  Ohio;  had  three  children  born 
to  them,  only  one  of  whom  is  living — 
the  eldest,  an  infant  without  name,  was 
born  Sept.    8,    1871,    lived   only  eight 
days ;    Morris  Osborne,    born    Dec.    4, 
1874;  an   infant  son  (no  name),  born 
July  11,  1876,  lived  only  10  days.  Mr. 
K.  came  to  this  State  with  his  parents, 
May   6,  1847;   holds  office  of  School 
Director ;    his  father,  Samuel  L.  Kirby, 
was  born   in    Greene   Co.,  Penn.,  Sept. 
16,  1794,  died  in  this    township  Sept. 
8,1872;  he  was  a   volunteer  soldier  in 
the  war  of  1812  ;   was  a  Jackson  Dem- 


ocrat and  once  had  the  honor  of  dining 
with    that    distinguished    warrior   and 
statesman,   an  event  that    he   often  re- 
lated with  much  pleasure  ;  his  occupa- 
tion until  the    age  of  21   was  farming; 
an  accident  at  that  time  caused  him  to 
lose  one   of  his  legs ;  he  then    learned 
the  tailor's  trade,  which  he    worked  at 
until     his    death ;    he    also,    with    the 
assistance  of  his  sons,    carried  on    the 
business  of  farming  at  the  same  time. 
His  wife,  Eleanor  Haines,  was  born  in 
Ulster  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Dec.   27,  1800;  she 
resides    with    her   children,    of    whom 
there  are  nine  still  living.     Henry  R., 
the  fourth  son,  enlisted  in  the  77th  I. 
V.  I.,  Aug.,  1862  ;  was  in  the  battles 
of  Chickasaw,     Bayou     and    Arkansas 
Post ;  exposure  in  the  last  named  battle 
caused  sickness  which  resulted  in  death, 
July  25,  1863. 
KENYON,   DAVID    A.,    farmer; 
P.    0.    Low     Point  ;      Baptist ;     Inde- 
pendent ;  was  a  Republican  during  the 
war.     Owns  280  acres  of  land,  valued 
at  $10,000.     Born  in  Vermont  March 
20,  1805.     3Iarried  Huldy  Wilson  Jan. 
1,   1835.     She  was  born  in    Vermont 
March   18,  1812;  died  Aug.   1,  1875. 
Have  seven  children,  all  living — Orson, 
born  Jan.  31,  1836  ;    Orrilla,"born  Oct. 
8,  1838;  Sarah  E.,  born  Feb.  4,  1841; 
Sylvester,  born  Sept.  14,  1843;  David 
Darius,  born   April   26,   1846;   Huldy 
A.nn,  born  June  13,  1849  ;  Alfred,  Jan. 
19,  1855.     His  son  Orson  lives  on  the 
homestead.      Sylvester  served  his  coun- 
try in  the  77th  111.  the  full  term.   Mary 
V.   Weaver  married  Orson  March   15, 
1876.     She  was  born  May  12,  1845. 

LUTZ,  JOHN  P.,  blacksmith;  P.  0. 
Washburn. 

Lilly,  Frank,  laborer ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Long,  Anton,  farmer;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Lewis,  M.,  laborer ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Lawrence,  T.  J.,  laborer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Lillv,  Mrs.  Frank,  P.  0.  Washburn. 

LYBARGER,  SAMUEL,  farmer; 
Sec.  13  ;  P.  0.  Low  Point.  Congrega- 
tionalist;  Democrat;  owns  140  acres  of 
land,  valued  at  $4,500.  Born  in  Bed- 
ford Co.,  Pa.,  Sept.  9,  1827.  Married 
Rebecca  Hess.  She  was  born  near 
Pittsburgh,  Pa..  Sept.  13,  1829;  died 
May  16,  1857,  leaving  one  child — 
Orlando  Winlield  Scott,  born  July  13, 


CAZENOVIA  TOWNSHIP. 


639 


1855.  Married  Mary  J.  Trickel,  widow 
of  Wm.  Trickel,  who  was  murdered  at 
Toledo,  0.,  in  1852,  while  emigrating 
with  his  wife  to  the  West.  Mrs.  T.  had 
one  child  at  that  time ;  a  short  time 
atter,  another  was  born  and  lived  but  a 
short  time  ( no  name ).  The  survivor, 
Mary  Jane,  lives  in  Ohio  with  her  sec- 
ond husband.  She  was  born  May  21, 
1853.  His  name  is  Charles  Toms; 
first  husband's  name  was  Zachariah 
Rhodes.  He  died  with  consumption 
May  8,  1873;  were  married  Jan.  1, 
1871.  Mr.  L.'s  family  now  consists  of 
Anna,  born  Aug.  25,  1863 ;  Fanny, 
born  March  17,  1867;  Jennie,  born 
April  30,  1869 ;  died  with  spotted 
fever  April  13,  1872 ;  Jay,  born  Ajjril 
21,1871;  May,  born  April  24,  1873; 
died  May  21,  1873;  Eay,  born  Jan. 
15,  1S75;  Clay,  born  Nov.  27,  1877; 
emigrated  from  Ohio  to  Shelby  Co., 
111.,  1863;  returned  in  eighteen  months  ; 
was  there  thi'ee  years,  then  came  to 
Woodford  Co. ;  remained  eight  years ; 
sold  out;  went  to  Ohio;  stopped  during 
the  Winter ;  returned  and  resided  in 
Meta mora  one  year ;  invested  in  VV^ayne 
Co.  March  1, 1877  ;  in  August,  went  to 
Woodford  ;  traded  Iowa  property  for  this 
farm  this  Spring.  Mrs.  L.  was  born 
Dec.  27,  1836,  in  Wayne  Co.,  0. 
LAIBLE,  SAMUEL,  farmer;  Sec. 
6 ;  P.  0.  Washburn ;  Protestant ;  Inde- 
pendent; owns  196  acres  of  land,  valued 
at  S5,000  ;  born  in  Germany  Jan.  8, 
1832 ;  came  to  this  country  in  June, 
1854  ;  married  Kate  Hartlieb  in  Dec, 
1856  ;  have  7  children,  all  living — Mary, 
born  Feb.  6,  1858  ;  George,  born  March 
1859;  Kate,  born  in  1862  ;  John,  born 
in  1863;  Lizzie,  born  in  1866;  Lena, 
born  in  Aug.,  1868  ;  Emma,  born 
in  June,  1870.  His  first  wife  died 
Nov.  24,  1870.  He  married  his  pres- 
ent wife,  Mary  Fry,  July  31,  1871  ;  he 
settled  on  the  farm  he  now  resides  on, 
in  1865,  and  has  resided  there  ever 
since. 

MAU,     WM.,    Jr.,    laborer;     P.    0. 
AVashburn. 
Man,  Wm.  Sr.,  laborer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Meinholt,    Henry,  mason  ;    P.    0.  AVash- 

burn. 
Malony,  N.  V.,  physician  ;     P.  0.   Wash- 
burn. 


McGOOGAN,  WILLIAM,  clerk; 

P.  0.  Washburn  ;  Lib. ;  Dem.  ;  owns  100 
acres  of  laud  in  Elk  Co.,  Kansas  ;  was 
born  in  the  State  of  Indiana,  Dec.  29, 
1850  ;  married  Crissie  Dalby,  Dec.  7, 
1876  ;  she  was  born  in  Indiana  Aug.  16, 
1853;  have  one  child — Charles  Dennis, 
born  April  2,  1878.  Mr.  McG.  has 
served  one  term  as  Collector  in  Linn 
Township  ;  he  is  now  in  the  employ  of 
John  M.  Black  as  clerk  and  salesman. 
Mcculloch,  S.  W.,  grain  buyer; 
p.  O.  Wa.shburn ;  Meth. ;  Rep. ;  owns 
house  and  lot ;  value,  S700;  also  ware- 
house and  buildings  connected;  value, 
$5,000  ;  born  in  Pennsylvania,  Aug.  29. 

1846  ;  came  to  this  county  with  his  par- 
ents in  1856  ;  married  Alice  J.  Clark, 
Dec.  24,  1867;  she  was  born  July  15, 

1847  ;  have  had  four  children,  three  of 
whom  are  living — William  C,  born  Oct. 
22,  1868 ;  Robert  W.,  born  April  22, 
1870  ;  Harold  H.,  born  March  23,  1873, 
died  Feb.  28,  1876;  Frank  C,  born 
Jan.  22,  1875.  Mr.  McC.  followed  the 
business  of  farming  until  1871  ;  he  then 
commenced  buying  grain  at  Washburn 
and  has  continued  at  that  business  ever 
since  ;  he  has  shipped  about  175  car 
loads  of  grain  a  year  for  the  past  seven 
years.  Mr.  McC.  served  his  country  as 
a  soldier  during  the  late  war  ;  he  enlist- 
ed Feb.  29,  1864,  in  the  77th  I.  Y.  I., 
from  Peoria,  111.,  and  served  until  the 
end  of  the  war  ;  was  with  Gen.  Banks 
in  the  Red  River  expedition,  also  at  the 
siege  and  capture  of  Fort  Gaines  and 
Morgan,  at  the  mouth  of  Mobile  Bay; 
held  the  oftice  of  Town  Trustee  one 
term.  His  father,  R.  C.  McCulloch,  is 
living  in  Washburn  and  is  engaged  in 
the  hardware  business  ;  he  was  born  in 
1820 ;  his  mother  is  also  living ;  her 
birth  occurred  in  1824. 

Mundell,  Samuel,  far.  ;   P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Martin,  R.  0.,  laborer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Mayes,  Frank,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Washburn. 

Martin,  L.  B.,  fanner;   P.  0.   AVashburn. 

MUNDELL,  SIMEON  C,  farm- 
er ;  Sec.  29  ;  P.  0.  Cazenovia ;  Bap- 
tist; Democrat;  owns  670  acres  in 
W^oodford  Co.,  valued  at  $35  per  acre  ; 
also  160  acres  in  Kansas ;  born  in  Ohio 
Co.,  West  Va.,  Oct.  17,  18--'2;  came  to 
Vermilion  Co.  in  1831  ;  to  this  county 
in  1835  ;  married  Clariuda  Patton  Nov. 


G40 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY ; 


7,  1852  ;  she  died  Feb.  10,  1869  ;  had 
four  children  ;  only  one  is  now  living — 
Rachel  C,  born  July  3,  1858.  She 
married  Edward  C.  Smith,  and  they  are 
now  living  in  Kansas.  Jane,  the  eldest, 
wa.>;  born  Sept.  20,  1852,  died  in  Fort 
Worth,  Texas,  in  Feb.,  1876;  Ella, 
born  Sept.  20,  1860,  died  in  the  Fall 
(Oct.),  1873  ;  Mary,  born  Sept.  3, 1862. 
He  married  Lizzie  Call,  of  Greene  Co., 
Pa.,  April  3,  1878;  she  was  born  in 
Ohio  July  11,  1851.  Mr.  M.  is  one  of 
the  first  settlers  of  this  township,  and  is 
known  a.s  one  of  the  kindliest  and  most 
benevolent  men  living  ;  he  is  universally 
esteemed  by  all.  Mary  died  Sept.  20, 
1876. 

Mcculloch,  charles  r, 

farmer ;  P.  0.  Low  Point ;  United 
Presbyterian  ;  National ;  owns  80  acres 
of  land,  valued  at  84,800  ;  born  Jan.  24, 
1833.  in  Cumberland  Co.,  Pa.;  married 
Martha  J.  Stevenson,  Oct.  27,  1859; 
have  three  children,  all  living — Carrie 
E..  born  Aug.  17.  1860:  George  S., 
born  May  18,  1866;  William  Oscar, 
born  Aug.  8,  1869.  Mr.  McCulloch 
came  to  this  State  in  1851,  resided  in 
Peoria  City  three  years,  and  served  an 
apprenticeship  there  as  a  woolen  manufac- 
turer ;  then  settled  in  this  town,  where 
he  has  resided  ever  since ;  held  the 
office  of  Town  Clerk  thirteen  years,  and 
is  still  holding  the  same  office  ;  was  in 
the  77th  I.  V.  I.,  participating  in  its 
numerous  battles,  skirmishes,  etc.;  is  a 
cousin  of  Judge  McCulloch,  of  this 
town. 

Martin,  W.  V..  farmer;  P.  0.  Low  Point. 

Monk  &  Van  Wcsten,  saloon ;  P.  0. 
Washburn. 

Miller.  J.  D..  farmer;  P.  O.  Washburn. 

Miller,  J.  B.,  laborer;  P.  0.  Washburu. 

Moschel,  Jno..  farmer:  P.  0.  Washburn. 

McCulloch,  K.  C,  hardware  ;  P.  0.  Wash- 
burn. 

Mau.  Frederick,  laborer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Mayes.  W..  laborer:  P.  O.  Washburn. 

Mcculloch,  Joseph   m., 

farmer ;  Sec.  26  ;  P.  0.  Low  Point ; 
United  Presbyterian  ;  National  ;  owns 
160  acres  of  land  ;  born  in  Pennsvlva- 
nia,  Feb.  23,  1831  ;  married  to  Mary  J. 
Phillips  Feb.  24,  1853 ;  she  was  born 
Dec.  13,  1829  ;  have  had  six  children, 
five  of  whom  are  living — Eva  J.,  born 


Nov.  22,  1853 ;  Hattie  P.,  born  May 
28,  1857  ;  Minnie  S..  born  July  20, 
1859  ;  Zillah  B..  born  April  18.  1861  ; 
Laura  T.,  born  June  3,  1866,  and  died 
Nov.  5,  1867  ;    William  E.,  born  June 

5,  1869.  Mr.  McCulloch  came  from 
Cumberland  Co.,  Pa.,  to  this  township 
April  1,  1853,  and  settled  on  the  farm 
where  he  now  resides,  the  following 
Spring,  and  which,  at  that  time,  was  a 
piece  of  wild  prairie.  During  the  late 
rebellion,  he  responded  to  his  country's 
call,  promptly,  and  enlisted  in  the  77th 
I.  v.,  Aug.  13.  1862  ;  was  elected  Cap- 
tain at  that  time  ;  was  in  the  liattles  of 
Chickasaw,  Arkansas  Post.  Port  Gib- 
son, Champion  Hills  and  Black  River; 
he  was  in  the  memorable  charge  at 
Vicksburg  on  May  22,  1863  ;  went 
in  with  44  men.  22  of  whom  were 
killed,  wounded  or  missing  ;  went  fi-om 
Vicksburg  to  Department  of  Gulf ;  was 
in  the  fight  at  Mansfield,  taken  prisoner 
and  sent  to  Tyler;  held  13  months ;  was 
in  charge  of  the  prison  seven  months  by 
authority  of  rebel  commander,  after 
which  was  paroled  and  mustered  out  at 
Springfield,  111.,  July  8,  1865  ;  served 
from  December,  1865,  to  December, 
1867,  as  Treasurer  of  Woodford  Co.  ;, 
in  1873,  was  elected  County  Judge;  in 
the  Fall  of  1877  was  re  elected,  which 
office  he  now  holds. 

MOULTON,  ISAAC,  farmer  ;  P.  0. 
Washburn  ;  Liberal ;  Democrat ;  owns 
120  acres  of  land,  valued  at  §3,000  ; 
born  June  26,  1825,  in  Indiana,  near 
Rising  Sun  ;  married  Mary  J.  Hattan 
Aug.  20,  1849  ;  she  was  born  April  11> 
1829  ;  had  eleven  children,  two  of  whom 
have  died — Elizabeth  born  June  29, 
1850,  died  in  six  weeks  after  birth  by  a 
stroke  of  lightning  ;  Sophia,  born  Aug. 

6,  1851  ;  Mary  Ellen,  born  Nov.  27, 
1853;  William,  born  March  30,  1856; 
Vienna,  born  Jan.  27,  1858,  died  when 
9  months  old :  Jeremiah,  born  Sept. 
13,  1859;  John,  born  April  L  1862; 
Annas,  born  May  5, 1864.  Mr.  M  came 
here  before  the  Black  Hawk  war ;  he 
was  7  years  old  at  the  time  of  that  event ;. 
he  has  heard  his  mother  tell  of  an  Indian 
battle  that  happened  neai-  where  the 
Richland  school  house  now  stands ;  he 
remembers  seeing  the  troops  as  they 
passed  through  Pleasant  Grove.    Mr.  M. 


CAZENOVIA  TOWNSHIP. 


641 


N 


lias  been  a  great  hunter,  and  generally 
killed  from  twenty-five  to  forty  deer 
every  Winter  until  about  fifteen 
years  ago  ;  he  says  that  the  last  deer 
that  he  killed  was  eight  years  ago,  in 
Isaiah  Jones'  field. 

ARR,  JNO.,  tanner ;   P.  ().  Cazeno- 
via. 

NEWELL,  GEORGE  W.,  farmer 
(^tenant)  ;  P.  0.  Low  Point;  Methodist; 
Independent;  born  in  Brown  Co.,  0., 
Oct.  28,  1842;  came  to  this  State  when 
a  small  boy,  with  his  parents  ;  married 
Abigail  West  Oct.  17,  186G  ;  she  was 
born  in  Brown  Co.,  0.,  July  21,  1847; 
had  six  children,  all  living  but  one, 
which  died  at  birth — William,  born  Dec. 
15,  1868;  Corall  May,  born  Dec,  1, 
1870;  Adda  Lurena,  born  Sept.  29, 
1872 ;  James  West,  born  Nov.  17, 1874 ; 
Cyi'us  Edwin,  born  Dec.  27, 1876.  Mr. 
N.  is  living  in  the  homestead  formerly 
occupied  by  Morgan  Buckingham  (de- 
ceased), and  where  he  died  ;  he  has  been 
there  seven  years;  was  in  the  138th  111. 
Vol.  I.  (100  days  call)  ;  did  duty  in 
Missouri  and  Kansas ;  served  about  five 
months ;  his  father  and  mother  reside  in 
Pettis  Co.,  Mo.  Mrs.  N.  is  a  daughter 
of  James  West,  of  this  township. 

NORRIS,  DANIEL  H.,  farmer; 
residence  and  P.  0.  La  Mont,  Black- 
water  Tp.,  Pettis  Co.,  Mo.  ;  Pres- 
byterian :  Republican  ;  owns  230  acres 
of  land  in  Pettis  Co.,  Mo.,  valued  at 
$6,000;  was  born  in  Maryland,  Nov. 
8,  1843.  Married  Carrie  Stevenson,  of 
Woodford  Co.,  Sept.  10,  1868;  she  was 
born  in  Ohio,  June  21,  1843;  they 
have  two  children,  both  living — Thomas 
Stanton,  born  Aug.  28,  1869,  and  Al- 
bert Gordon,  born  Jan.  29,  1877.  Mr. 
N.  served  his  country  three  years,  dur- 
ing the  late  war,  in  Co.  C,  77  I.  V.  I.; 
was  in  the  battles  of  Chickasaw  Bayou, 
Arkansas  Post,  Port  Gibson,  Champion 
Hills,  Black  River  Bridge,  Siege  of 
Vicksburg,  Mansfield,  Cane  River,  Fort 
Gaines  and  Morgan,  and  the  siege  of 
Spanish  Fort.  Was  slightly  wounded 
twice,  but  not  disabled  from  duty  dur- 
ing his  term  of  service.  Was  taken 
prisoner  in  the  famous  charge  of  the 
the  22d  of  May,  1863,  at  Vicksburg; 
was  released  on  parole  the  following  day 
and  exchanged  three  months  afterwards. 


Mr.  W.  now  resides  in  Pettis  Co.,  Mo., 
having  emigrated  to  that  State  in  Feb- 
ruary, 1866.  He  remained  there  until 
1876,  and  i-eturned  to  Woodford  Co., 
his  former  place  of  residence.  In  June 
of  the  present  year,  he  returned  to  Pettis 
Co.,  Mo.,  where  now  resides.  It  is  the 
intention  to  make  that  State  his  future 
home.  Richard  Norris,  a  brother  of 
the  subject  of  this  sketch,  resides  in 
Cazenovia  Town,ship,  of  this  county,  is 
engaged  in  farming.  He  also  was  a 
soldier  dui'ing  the  war,  and  served  his 
country  in  the  11th  I.  V.  I. ;  he  partic- 
ipated in  the  battle  of  Ft.  Donelson, 
and  received  a  very  serious  wound  in 
that  engagement ;  a  Minie  ball  and 
several  buckshot  entered  his  body  near 
the  gToin,  producing  a  very  serious 
wound,  thereby  causing   his  discharge. 

Norris,  R.  M.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Newkirk,  G.,  physician ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

NESBIT,  ROBERT  B.,  D.  D., 

minister ;  P.  0.  Low  Point  ;  United 
Presb. ;  Nat.  ;  born  in  Greene  Co.,  Ohio, 
June  21,  1850  ;  graduated  in  Litenu-y 
at  Monmouth,  111.,  in  1871,  and  in  The- 
ology at  Newburg,  N.  Y.,  in  1874, 
since  which  time,  Mr.  N.  has  devoted 
his  time  in  preaching  the  Gospel.  He 
received  a  license  to  preach  in  1874, 
and  was  ordained  in  1875  at  Low  Point, 
since  which  time  he  has  been  the  Pastor 
of  the  U.  P.  Church  in  that  place.  Mr. 
N.  is  an  eloquent  speaker  and  is  univer- 
sally esteemed  by  all  who  know  him.  In 
the  temperance  cause  he  is  a  very  ear- 
nest worker,  and  his  lectures  on  that 
subject  are  said  to  be  very  interesting 
and  instructive.  Mr.  Nesbit  has  a 
library  containing  about  500  volumes. 
NORRIS,  A.  t.,  farmer ;  Sec.  35  ;  P. 
0.  Cazenovia;  Presb.;  Rep.;  owns  160 
acres  of  land ;  born  in  Baltimore  Co., 
Md.,  May  21,  1828;  married  Ann  C. 
Krater  in  Lacon,  April  26,  1855;  she 
died  May  8,  1857  (no  children) ;  mar- 
ried the  second  time  to  Sarah  A  Green- 
ing, widow  of  AVm.  Greening,  who  died 
in  Sept.,  1860  ;  she  was  born  June  16, 
1843  ;  she  had  one  child  by  that  union 
—Charles  W.,  born  Aug.  9,  1859  ;  by 
second  marriage  has  two  children — 
Phebe  Alice,  born  3Iarch  19,  1870  ; 
Annie  Irene,  born  March  11,  1877.  Mr. 
Novris  came  to  this  State  in  1854;  lived 


642 


TAX-rAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY: 


in  Lacon  two  years,  was  near  Low  Point 
nine  years  and  then  to  the  present  place 
of  residence,  where  he  still  resides.  His 
occujiation  was  blacksmithing  formerly. 

0W>:N,  R.  W.,  farmer;  P.  O.  Wash- 
burn. 

Owen,  Peter,  retired  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Owen,  Nathan,  farmer;  P.  0.  Wash- 
burn. 

Owen,  Marshall,  farmer;  P.  0.  Low  Point. 

OWEN,  THpS.  E.,  farmer;  P.  0. 
Washburn.  Liberal  Democrat.  Owns 
28  acres,  valued  at  SI, 000  ;  born  in 
Wayne  Co.,  111.,  Oct.  27,  1827.  Mar- 
ried Deborah  Pigsley  Aug.  28,  1851. 
She  was  born  in  New  ^Tork  July  17, 
1834;  have  had  nine  children  born  to 
them,  six  of  whom  are  now  living — 
Eudora  Jane,  born  May  27,  1857; 
James,  born  Oct.  1,  1859;  Laura  E., 
born  April  8,  1862  ;  Cora,  born  Sept. 
24,  18(30;  Edward,  born  May  15,  1871  ; 
William  Alfred,  bcrn  Feb.  27,  1875. 
The  names  of  those  that  have  died  are 
as  follows;  Sarah,  born  April  7,  1853, 
died  April  23,  1870  ;  Charles  Marshall, 
born  Sept.  23,  1855,  died  in  October, 
1855  ;  also  an  infant  (not  named),  born 
May  28,  1852,  died  same  day.  Mr. 
Owen  was  formerly  a  school  teacher, 
and  taught  in  the  first  free  school 
organized  in  the  county.  Mrs.  Owen 
also  was  formerly  a  school  teacher,  and 
taught  in  the  same  school  (now  known 
as  the  Bricktown  School  House)  at  a 
later  date.  Mr.  0.  has  held  the  office 
of  Tax  Collector  in  Cazenovia  Tp.  one 
term  ;  also  Constable  one  term. 

OWEN,  ROBERT,  farmer;  P.  0. 
Washburn  ;  Liberal ;  National ;  born 
Feb.  2,  182G,  in  Kentucky;  married 
to  Mary  Clingman  Dec.  9,  1845  ;  she 
was  born  Sept.  1,  1828  ;  have  had  seven 
children  born  to  them — Nathan,  born 
Sept.  3,  1847;  Elizabeth  M.,  born 
April  8,  1849,  died  Jan.  3,  1850; 
Eliza  Jane,  born  July  26,  1853;  Eva 
Ellen,  born  Aug.  21,  1856;  Dora  May, 
born  July  14,  1858  ;  John  F.,born  July 
24,  1862 ;  Mary  Maria,  born  July  17, 
1870.  Mr.  Owen's  father  was  a  soldier 
in  the  war  of  1812.  He  died  Aug.  20, 
1874,  in  the  83d  year  of  his  age."  Mrs. 
Owen  is  a  daughter  of  John  Chngman, 
who  was  one  of  the  pioneers  of  the 
county. 


OWEN,  JAMES,  farmer  ;  Sec.  19  ; 
P.  O.  Washburn  ;  owns  120  acres,  val- 
ued at  $8,U0()  ;  born  Jan.  1,  1801  (be- 
fore breakfast),  in  Halifax  Co.,  Va.  ; 
married  Candace  King  Dec.  23,  1824  ; 
she  was  born  May  14,  1809.  Mr.  O.'s 
fiimily  consisted  of  Nancy  Jane  (an 
adopted  dau<iliter),born  Nov.  21,  1819; 
Samuel  W.,Wn  Sept.  22,  1826— died 
Nov.  1,  1820;  Thomas  E.,  born  Oct. 
27,  1827  ;  John  W.,  born  November 
1,  1829;  Nathan  N.,  born  July  1, 
1832,  died  Nov.  9,  1834  ;  Susan  E., 
born  June  29,  1835,  died  Oct.  12, 
1859  ;  Daniel  L.,  born  Sept.  16,  1837, 
died  Jan.  7,  1838 ;  Julia  M.,  born 
Nov.  20,  1839,  died  Aug.  4.  1859; 
Henry  N.,  born  Feb.  12,  1842,  died 
Feb.  24,  1842;  David  M.,  born  March 
10,  1843;  Mary  Jane,  born  Feb.  9, 
1845;  James  M.,  born  Dec.  5,  1846; 
Luella  Ricketts  (an  adopted  grand- 
daughter), was  born  July  15,  1859  ;  she 
married  Robert  Davis  in  Aug.  30,1877. 

OWEN,  DAVID  MARSHALL, 

resides  with  his  father,  and  manages  the 
farm,  in  connection  with  some  land  of 
his  own.  He  married  Susan  King  Jan. 
26,  1871  ;  she  was  born  Jan.  26,'l848, 
They  have  one  child,  by  the  name  of 
Grace  Myrtle  ;  she  was  born  March  I , 
1873.  Mr.  0.,  Sr.,  emigrated  to  thia 
State  from  Virginia,  in  the  Spring  of 
1819.  He  lived  in  Wayne  Co.  until 
the  year  1835  ;  then  to  the  present  place 
of  residence,  where  he  has  resided  ever 
since.  A  historical  sketch  is  given  in 
another  part  of  this  work.  Mr.  Owen 
has  been  married  twice  ;  his  first  wife 
died  April  12,  1869  ;  he  was  married  to 
his  present  wife,  Amanda  (widow  of  the 
late  John  D.  Burt),  Feb.  17, 1870.  She 
was  born  in  Essex  Co.,  N.  Y.,  July  4, 
1814. 

PELZ,    JOS.,    retired;    P.  0.    Wash- 
burn. 
Prinsinger,  B.,   carp.;  P.    0.    Washburn. 
Payne,  Warren,  far.  ;     P.    O.   Low  Point. 
Poundstone,  J'  J.,  far.  ;   P.  0.   Cazenovia. 
Plaas,  Jaoob,  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 
Piper,  A.  S.,  ftirmer  ;   P.  0.  Cazenovia. 
Phillip,  J.  G.,  farmer;  P.  0.   Low  Point. 
Piper,  W.  I.,  saw-mill;  P.  0.  Low  Point, 
Parker,  J.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Patrick,    S.,    merchant;     P.     O.     Wash- 
burn. 


CAZENOVIA  TOWNSHIP. 


648. 


PELZ,  REINHOLD,  harness  ma- 
ker ;  P.  O.  Washburn.  Liberal ;  owns 
house  and  lot  valued  at  $1,800;  was 
born  in  Prussia  Sept.  19,  1847.  Mar- 
ried Johanna  Beyer  March  7,  1869. 
She  was  born  in  Peru,  La  Salle  Co., 
Dee.  26,  1852.  Have  had  four  chil- 
dren, only  two  of  whom  are  now  living 
— Emma  Jenette,  Freddie.  Those  that 
died  were  named  Eddivard  and  Ida. 
Mr.  P.  has  been  in  the  harness  making- 
business  in  Washburn  ten  years.  He  is 
a  brother  of  Herman  Pelz,  of  the  same 
place.  His  store  is  well  stocked  with 
everything  useful  in  the  line  of  harness, 
saddles,  whips,  cushions,  etc.,  etc.  He 
is  a  first  class  workman  himself,  and 
employs  first-class  workmen  for  assist- 
ants. The  value  of  stock  on  hand  in 
his  store  at  the  present  time  will  amount 
to  about  $2,000.  Mr.  P.'s  eftbrts  to 
keep  a  No.  1  harness  store  are  appre- 
ciated by  the  people  in  this  neighbor- 
hood, as  he  does  a  large  business. 

PELZ,  HERMAN  J.,  druggist ;  P. 

0.  Washburn;  Catholic;  Republican; 
born  in  the  city  of  Berlin,  Prussia,  Oct. 
8,  1843;  came  to  this  country  June  24, 
1861  ;  married  Emihe  Baumgart  Aug. 
31,  1865  ;  had  four  children,  all  living  ; 
William,  born  in  Lacon,  May  20, 1866  : 
Herman  R.,  born  Aug.  18,  1867  ;  Ed- 
mond,  born  Sept.  8,  1869  ;  Emil,  born 
March  31,  1873.  Mr.  P.  was  a  soldier 
in  the  late  war ;  he  enlisted  as  a  private 
in  the  17th  Mo.  V.  I.,  Aug.  21, 
1861,  from  Peoria  ;  was  in  active  service 
eleven  months.  Mr.  P.  was  in  the  drug 
business  three  years  previous  to  his  com- 
ing to  this  country,  and  has  continued  in 
the  same  business  ever  since,  with  the 
exception  of  two  and  a  half  years  that 
he  was  in  the  dry  goods  and  grocery 
business  in  Lacon.  He  now  owns  a  fine 
drug  store  in  Washburn  and  is  doing  a 
good  business. 
POUNDSTONE,  W.  J.,  tenant 
farmer;  P.  O.  Cazen(.via ;  Bapt.  ; 
Dem. ;  owns  80  acres  in  Iowa,  valued  at 
$1,000;  born  in  Fayette  Co.,  Penn., 
May  15,  1840  ;  married  Rebecca  Casey, 
Aug.  24,  1862;  she  was  born  Dec. 
31,  1836,  in  Pennsylvania;  have  two 
children — Frances  Anna,  born  July  24, 
1863,  in  Pennsylvania;  Greore:e  Jesse, 
born  Oct.    8,     1866;     held  "office    of 


School  Director  three  terms.  Mr.  P. 
came  to  this  State  in  March,  1875,  and 
has  resided  here  ever  since ;  he  has- 
lived  on  Mr.  Jesse  Hammers  farm 
nine  years ;  at  the  present  time,  he  is 
working  160  acres  of  Simeon  Mundell's 
farm  ;  he  has  been  on  Mr.  ^lundell's 
farm  two  years. 

PINKERTON,    OSCAR,    m.nu- 

ficturer  ;  P.  0.  Low  Point ;  Lib. ;  Na- 
tional ;  born  in  this  county  Nov.  4, 
1856.  His  father,  John  M.,  was  born 
in  Ohio  and  came  to  this  State  about 
the  year  1845  and  settled  in  Peoria; 
he  at  present  resides  twelve  miles  west 
of  Peoria  ;  is  engaged  in  the  business 
of  farming ;  his  mother  is  also  living ; 
she  is  also  a  native  of  Ohio.  Mr.  P. 
has  three  sisters  and  four  brothers — ■ 
Zillah,  Barbara  and  Hattie  ;  the 
brothers'  names  are  :  William,  Augustus, 
Herbert  and  Harrison;  also  a  half 
brother  by  the  name  of  John.  Mr.  P. 
has  lately  commenced  the  manufacture 
of  tile  in  Low  Point ;  a  large  amount 
of  money  has  been  expended  in  putting 
up  extensive  buildings,  machinery  and 
furnaces  ;  the  clay  that  is  used  is  of  very 
superior  quality,  and  in  the  future  tile 
will  be  made  in  large  quantities  at  his 
factory.  The  capacity  of  the  machinery 
used  by  him  is  about  4,000  feet  per 
day,  the  sizes  varying  from  2  2  inches  to 
8  inches  in  diameter. 
PIPER,  JAMES,  farmer ;  also  stock 
and  grain  buyer  ;  Sec.  26  ;  P.  0.  Low 
Point;  United  Presbyterian  ;  National; 
owns  480  acres,  valued  at  $24,000,  also 
an  interest  in  the  Low  Point  Elevator 
and  store  house  to  the  extent  of  $4,000  ; 
born  at  Big  Spring,  Cumberland  Co., 
Penn.,  Nov.  1,  1824,  and  was  the  first 
man  from  that  county  that  settled  in 
this  township  ;  married  Elizabeth  Dodds, 
Feb.  25,  1851.  She  was  born  Sept, 
27,  1823,  died  Aug.  6,  1872  ;  six  chil- 
dren were  born  to  them  from  this  union, 
five  of  whom  are  now  living — William 
I.,  born  May  23,  1853 ;  James  E., 
born  June  3,  1855  ;  Robert  D.,  born 
Jan-  30,  1858  ;  ^Slaij  E.,  born  :VLu-ch 
17,  1860;  Joseph  L.,  born  June  15, 
1864  ;  Clara  May,  born  May  22,  1867, 
died  March  14,  1871.  Mr.  P.  married 
for  his  second  wife  Priscilla  Gracey  ; 
she  was  born  in  Cumberland  Co.,  Penu.^ 


644 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY: 


Nov.  14,  1841  ;  have  had  one  child  by 
that  union — John  Gracey,  born  June 
29,  187G.  Mr.  P.  was  elected  a  mem- 
ber of  the  State  Board  of  Equalization, 
and  served  from  1868  until  1872  for 
the  17tli  District,  comprising  La  Salle, 
Livingston  and  Woodford  Counties ; 
held  office  of  Supervisor  from  1857 
until  1866,  and  two  terms  since  that 
time  ;  also  office  of  School  Trustee  for 
the  past  15  years.  In  connection  with 
the  business  of  farming,  Mr.  P.  is  en- 
gaged quite  extensively  in  buying  stock 
and  srrain  at  Low  Point  Station,  havimr 
carried  on  the  latter  business  for  the 
past  ten  years. 

Piatt.  James,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Pickens,  W.,  laborer ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Pinkerton,  J.  M.,  tile  manufacturer  ;  P.  0. 
Low  Point. 

PERRY,  PAUL  J.,  harness  maker; 
P.  0.  Cazenovia;  Baptist;  Republi- 
can ;  was  born  in  Metamora  March  3, 
1850.  His  father  came  to  this  county 
ft'om  Pennsylvania  in  1836.  Married 
Martha  E.  Todd  June  19,  1845,  by 
Wm.  Davenport,  the  first  minister  in 
Woodford  Co.  She  was  born  June  24, 
1828;  nine  children  were  born  to  them, 
only  four  of  whom  are  living — John 
F.,  born  July  8,  1846  ;  Mollie  J.,  born 
April  lU,  1848;  Paul  (given  above); 
Romeo  T.,  born  Dec.  31,  1853;  Fannie 
R.,  born  Sept.  19,  1856,'  died  Sept.  11, 
1867  ;  Jessie  L.,  born  Sept.  10,  1860, 
died  March  15,  1878  ;  Benjamin,  born 
about  1852,  died  when  six  weeks  old. 
George  and  an  infant  without  name 
died  very  young.  3Ir.  Paul  J.  Perry 
was  married  to  Kitty  Heber  June  11, 
1875.  She  was  born  in  Philadelphia 
March  19, 1856.  Mr.  P.  is  Postmaster 
of  Cazenovia;  was  appointed  Aug.  16, 
1877. 

PICKERILL,    CHESTER    B., 

farmer :  Sec.  34 ;  P.  U.  Cazenovia. 
Christian  ;  Republican  ;  owns  512  acres, 
one  block  at  Washburn,  one  house  and 
lot  in  Eureka,  two  lots  in  Cazenovia, 
valued  at  $30,000.  Born  April  18, 
1824,  in  Brown  Co.,  0.  Married  to 
Rachel  Draper  Oct.  26,  1846.  She 
Was  born  Nov.  4, 1828.  Eight  children 
were  born  to  them,  six  of  whom  are 
livino; — William  N.,  born  Aug.  27, 
"!^4't:     Esth.-r    Ann,    born    April    20. 


Q 


1851 ;  Lovell  Barton,  born  Sept.  26, 
1852  ;  Fancherry,  born  Sept.  28,  1856, 
died  April  17,  1861  ;  Martha  S.,  born 
Oct.  10,  1858;  Mary  Malinda,  Dec.  1, 
1860  ;  Chester  Butler,  Jr.,  born  Jan. 
22,  1863,  died  May  22,  i877;  John 
T.,  May  3,  1865.  Mr.  P.  came  to  this 
State  from  Ohio  in  1851.  William 
married  Rebecca  H.  Rhodes  Jan.  7, 
1872.  Esther  married  the  same  day  to 
Joseph  Posey.  William's  wife  was 
born  April  13,  1854  ;  died  March  13, 
1874.  Esther's  husband  died  March  8, 
1874;  born  in  Knox  Co.,  0.,  in  Nov., 
1849,  aged  25  yrs.  3  mos.  28  days. 
William  has  one  child — Mattie  Aletta, 
born  Feb.  26,  1874.  She  lives  with 
her  grandmother  Pickerill.  Lovell  was 
educated  for  the  ministry  ;  was  ordained 
the  3d  of  June,  1876.  He  graduated 
at  Eureka  College  Jan.  7,  1876.  He 
married  Emma  Hodgson  Aug.  31,  1876, 
near  Ottawa,  111.  She  was  born  Jan.  1 , 
1854.  She  is  also  a  graduate  of  the 
same  college. 

UINN,  JNO.,  laborer  ;  P.  0.  Cazeno- 
via. 

ROBINSON,  S.  M.,  farmer ;  P.  0. 
Washburn. 

Robinson,  James,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Remley,  Henry,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Reiter,  Geo.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Rattlemiller,  J.  G.,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Radley,  Geo.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Low  Point 

Rickets,  S.  L.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Rulon,  C.  A.,  carp.  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Rockhill,  C,  grocer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Robinson,  I.  L.  C,  grocer  ;  P.O.Washburn. 

Rickets,  Geo.  W.,  farmer  ;  P.O.  Washburn. 

RICE,  WILLIAM  E.,  farmer  ;  Sec. 
28  ;  P.  0.  Cazenovia  ;  Lib.  ;  Dem.  ;  owns 
300  acres  ;  born  in  Onondaga  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  Aug.  21,  1833  ;  came  to  this  county 
with  his  parents  in  1842  ;  his  father, 
Elisha,  was  born  inN.  Y.  Oct.  8,  1797, 
died  Nov.  24,  1863  ;  he  was  married 
twice  during  his  life  ;  his  first  wife  was 
Minerva  Palmer  ;  she  died  about  seven 
years  after  their  marriage  ;  she  left  three 
children  ;  they  are  now  all  dead  ;  his 
second  was  Rebecca  Marshall  about 
the  year  1824  ;  she  was  born  Feb.  19, 
1793;  died  Nov.  13,  1862;  four  chil- 
dren were  born  of  the  second  marriage  ; 
Helen  Melissa,  bom  Sept.  24,  1828  ; 
R  ;sanMa   K.,    burn    March    13,    1831; 


CAZENOVIA  TOWNSHIP. 


645 


William  (the  subject  of  this  sketch), 
"birth  given  above;  Delencey  F.,  May 
11,1835.  Mr.  R.  has  resided  on  the 
fiirm  where  he  now  lives  since  1843;  his 
sister  Rosanna,  who  is  single,  has  resided 
■with  him  since  their  parents'  death  ;  Mr. 
R.,  Sr.,  was  a  poor  man  when  he  came 
to  this  country  ;  he  left  property  to  the 
value  of  $5,000  at  the  time  of  his  death; 
William  was  put  in  charge  of  his  fatlier's 
business  when  16  yeai-s  old  ;  he  owned 
120  acres  at  the  time  of  his  father's 
death,  and  since  that  time,  he  has  added 
100  acres  to  the  estate ;  he  was  never 
married  ;  Mr.  R.  says  that  a  great  change 
has  taken  place  in  the  manners  and  cus- 
toms of  people  since  his  remembrance  ; 
the  old  social  warm  hearted  customs 
have  given  way  to  those  of  a  cold  and 
formal  nature  ;  Mr.  Rice  has  one  of  the 
best  improved  farms  in  the  county  ;  he 
is  a  practical  farmer,  and  very  systema- 
tic in  conducting  it,  and  it  can  be  truth- 
fully said  that  he  stands  as  one  of  the 
first  in  the  occupation  that  he  is  engaged 
in. 

SIEMS,  HENRY,  laborer  ;  P.  0.  Wash- 
burn. 
Siems,  F.  C,  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Shafer,  Bennett,  farmer  ;  P.  O.  Washburn. 
Seifert,  Fred,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 
Shaf.r,  W.  B.,  laborer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Schall,  Jno.,  laborer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Sims,  J.  P.  retired  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
•Smith,  A.   U.,  laborer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

STEVENSON,  THOMAS,  far.; 

Sec.  12;  P.  0.  Washburn;  Presb.  ; 
Dem. ;  owns  320  acres  ;  value,  $10,000  ; 
born  March  28,  1833,  in  Knox  Co,, 
Ohio.  His  father,  George  Stevenson, 
died  in  1862  ;  he  was  about  68  years  old ; 
his  mother,  Hannah  Stevenson,  was 
born  June  1,  1804,  and  resides  with 
him.  Thomas  S.  came  to  this  country 
in  1853  ;  was  drafted  and  furnished  a 
substitute ;  has  (jne  brother  and  three 
sisters  ;  a  sketch  of  William  is  given 
elsewhere  in  this  book  ;  Mai'tha  married 
Charles  McCulloch  ;  Eliza  married  Rich- 
ard Norris,  and  Caroline  married  D.  H. 
Norris  ;  he  was  born  in  Maryland,  Nov. 
8,  1844  ;  she  was  born  June  21,  1843. 
Mr.  D.  H.  Norris  was  in  the  77th  I.  V. 
I.  during  the  late  war  ;  was  in  Capt. 
James  McCulloch's  company  ;  was  in  all 
Jthe  battles  until  the  22d  of  May,  18G3, 


he  was  taken  prisoner  during  a  charge  ; 
was  under  parole  three  months  and  then 
participated  in  the  fight  at  Mansfield, 
Cane  River,  Siege  of  Spanish  Fort  find 
Whistler  Station.  He  owns  230  acres  in 
Pettis  Co.,  Mo.,  where  he  has  farmed 
nine  years.  The  last  three  years  he  has 
resided  in  this  county.  Mrs.  Steven- 
son's father  came  to  this  State  in  1853. 

Schroeder,  Theo.,  paint.  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Shafer,  B.  J.  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Strausbaugh,  Geo.,  far. ;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Schleio'h,  Chas.,  barber  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

STEVENSON,  WILLIAM,  far 

mer  ;  P.  0.  Low  Point ;  Presb.  ;  Nat.  ; 
owns  320  acres  of  land  ;  value,  $15,000; 
born  in  Knox  Co.,  Ohio,  Aug.  7,  1838; 
came  to  this  country  with  his  parents  in 
1854 ;  his  father,  George  Stevenson, 
resided  one  year  in  Tazewell  County, 
and  then  removed  a  half  mile  southeast 
of  Washburn,  where  he  resided  until  his 
death,  which  occurred  Aug.  20,  1862, 
and  was  caused  by  a  stroke  of  lightning 
while  he  was  in  the  harvest  field,  assist- 
ing to  stack  some  grain.      He  was  born 

.    Mr.  Wm.  Stevenson  married  Ella 

Dodds  Nov.  2,  1870;  she  was  born  in 
Cazenovia  Tp.,  April  26,  1845  ;  have 
two  children  living — Carrie  Elizabeth, 
born  Nov.  19, 1872;  Lena  May,  born  July 
1,  1877.  Mrs.  S.'s  parents  came  from 
Ohio  to  Marshall  Co.,  on  Crow  Creek,  in 
1836,  and  fi-om  there  to  this  township, 
where  they  resided  until  their  death. 
Her  father,  Wm.  Dodds,  was  born  April 
5,  1798,  and  died  Sept.  26,  1872  ;  her 
mother,  Priscilla  Dodds,  was  born  June 
14,  1799,  and  died  June  22,  1875. 
AVilliam  Stevenson  was  a  soldier  during 
the  war  ;  enlisted  in  Co.  C,  77th  I.  V. 
L,  was  with  the  regiment  at  Vicksburg 
and  in  the  charge  of  the  22d  of  May, 
his  company  going  in  with  44  men  and 
losing  22  of  their  number  on  that  occa- 
sion ;  was  with  the  regiment  in  all  the 
battles,  marches  and  skirmishes  from 
that  time  until  the  expiration  of  the 
term  in  1865.  After  the  close  of  the 
war  he  came  to  this  township  and  has 
been  engaged  in  farming  ever  since. 
Smith,  D.  P.,  carpenter  ;  P.  O.Washburn. 
Sangbush,    H.,    harness    maker ;     P.    0. 

Washburn. 
Schleigh,  H.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 
Sommers.  J.  C,  farmer;   P.  0.  Cazenovia. 


646 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORT)  COUNTY 


Safford,  Jno.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

Smith,  T.  B..  farmer;  V.  0.  Low  Point. 

Schwalba,  Charles,  farm  hand  ;  P.  0.  Caz- 
enovia. 

Santi'lnish.  A.,  shoemkr  ;   P.  O.Washburn. 

SEIFERT,     HARMON,     farmer; 
Sec.  28;  P.  0.  Cazenovia  ;  Lib.;   Rep.; 
owns  240  acres  land,  valued  at  §6,000.   . 
Born     in     Germany     March    4.    1843. 
Came  with  his  parents   to  this  country   ; 
in   1855.     Married   Ellen,  daughter  of  j 
George  Arrowsmith,  of  this  town.ship, 
Sept.  22,  1865  ;  she  was  born  January 
26,  1843  ;  have  four  children,  all  living 
— Frank  Ellsworth,  born  July  2,  1866;   i 
James  Taylor,  May  7, 1868;  Alexander,  | 
Aug.  19,  1872  ;  George  Andrew,  April  | 
4,1877.     He  enlisted  in  the  77th  I.  V. 

'  I 

I.  Sept.  16,  1862,  and  served  about  ; 
three  years  ;  was  in  the  battle  of  Chick- 
asaw Bayou,  Arkansas  Post,  Black 
Bavou  Expedition  ;  was  in  the  fight  at 
Grand  Gulf  Black  River  fight,  Cham- 
pion Hills,  and  the  famous  charge  at 
Vicksburgon  the  22d  of  A[ay,  1863  ; 
was  taken  prisoner  at  that  time;  was 
under  parole  three  months,  went  to  New 
Orleans ;  was  in  the  fight  at  Mansfield  ; 
taken  prisoner  there  and  marched  to 
Tyler,  Texas ;  held  as  prisoner  over  a 
year ;  then  exchanged,  went  to  Spring- 
field. 111.,  and  was  mustered  out.  He 
holds  oflBce  of  School  Director. 
SHUGART,  OSCAR,  farmer;  P. 
0.  Washburn  ;  Lib. ;  Rep. ;  owns  eighty 
acres,  valued  at  84,000  ;  was  born  in 
Marshall  Co.,  111.,  Oct.  18,  1846 ;  he 
was  married  May  23, 1872,  to  Mary  E., 
daughter  of  M.  E.  Crawford,  Esq.,  of 
Cazenovia  Tp.  ;  have  had  two  children, 
only  one  of  whom  is  living — the  oldest, 
(not  named),  was  born  Oct.  17,  1875, 
and  died  Oct.  20,  1875  ;  Warren  C, 
born  Nov.  8,  1877 ;  was  elected 
to  oflSce  of  School  Trustee  and  served 
one  term ;  was  also  elected  Assessor 
the  present  year,  which  office  he  now 
holds. 

TWEDDALE,  J.,  physician;     P.    0. 
Washburn. 
Tournie,  J.,  laborer ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Toy,  J.  M.,  painter;   P.  0.  Washburn. 
Taylor,  Wm.,  butcher  ;    P.  0.  Washburn. 
Taunton,  Rich.,  retired  ;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 
Taunton,  Oscar,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 
Truckermiller,  M.,  carp.;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 


Tool.  C.  S.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Low  Point. 

Tuttle,  W.  H.,  laborer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Toy,  James,  carpenter ;    P.  0.  Washburn. 

TOOL,  HANNAH,  farmer  ;  Sec.  23  ; 
P.  C'.  Low  point;  Liberal;  owns  140 
acres  of  land,  valued  at  $5,500  ;  born  in 
Brown  Co.,  0.,  March  26,  1828  (her 
maiden  name  was  McCoy);  married 
John  B.  Tool  June  2,  1854;  he  died 
Jan.  1,  1873,  after  several  months'  ill- 
ness; have  six  children — Charles  Sum- 
ner, born  x\pril  17.  1854;  Albina  Fran- 
ces, born  Oct.  6,  1856  ;  William  McCoy, 
born  June  4,  1861 ;  Elizabeth  Jane, 
born  May  5,  1863 ;  Sarah  Belle,  born 
Aug.  22,  1866;  Etta  Cora,  born  Aug. 
22,  1869.  Mr.  Tool  was  born  in  Vir- 
ginia :  emigrated  to  and  settled  in  Wood- 
ford Co.  about  the  year  1833  ;  he  was 
highly  respected,  and  left  his  family  a 
good  home  and  in  comfortable  circum- 
stances. Mrs.  T.,  with  the  assistance  of 
her  sons  Charles  and  William,  is  still 
carrying  on  the  farm  with  good  success ; 
INIrs.  T.  had  two  brothers  in  the  army 
during  the  war — John  P.,  in  the  77th, 
was  wounded  May  22,  at  Vicksburg ;  ;i 
ball  passed  in  the  right  eye  and  came 
out  in  front  of  the  left  ear ;  James  was 
also  slis'htlv  wounded. 

TANTON,  JOHN,  farmer;  Sec.  34; 
P.  0.  Cazenovia  ;  Liberal ;  Democrat ; 
owns  1,140  acres,  valued  at  §50,000; 
born  in  Devonshire,  Eng.,  August, 
1803;  married  Hannah  Grove  March 
31.  1842 ;  she  was  born  June  13,  1818, 
in  Harrison  Co.,  Ind. ;  three  children 
were  born  to  them — Mary  E.,  born  July 
5,  1845  (now  wife  of  Jacob  Keller,  near 
Panola);  John,  born  Sept.  25,  1847, 
died  May  5,  1853  ;  Thomas  Oscai-.  born 
on  the  farm  where  he  now  resides,  April 
10,  1850;  married  Feb.  27,  1872.  to 
Barbara  Gingrich  ;  she  was  born  jMarch 
18,  1853  ;  have  two  children — Hannah 
Elizabeth,  born  Dec.  20.  1873;  Jose- 
phine, born  Sept.  11,  1876.  Mary  has 
thi-ee  children — Sarah  Maranda,  born 
Nov.  27,  1870  ;  Mary  Hannah,  born 
Nov.  26,  1872  ;  Ella  H.,  born  :\Iarch 
15,  1875.  Mr.  T.,  Sr.,  came  from  En- 
gland in  1835  or  1836;  landed  at  Quebec; 
stopped  in  Canada  about  one  year:  re- 
turned to  England  ;  remained  one  winter, 
then  came  to  this  State.  3Ir.  T.  had 
about  S2,500  when  he  first  settled  ;  he 


PARTRIDGE  TOWNSHIP. 


647 


has  now  retired  from  active  life,  and 
Thomas  mana2;es  the  farm  and  lives  on 
the  homestead. 

YAUGHAN,  R.  J.,  blacksmith  ;  P.  0. 
Washburn. 
WAGGONER,  S.  J.,  farmer;  P.    0. 
Low  Point. 
WASHBURN    NEWS.     P.    0. 

Washburn.  The  above  named  news- 
paper is  printed  in  Washburn.  S.  C. 
Bruce  is  the  editor  and  proprietor.  It 
is  devoted  to  local  and  home  news  princi- 
pally, and  is  a  very  ably  edited  and  nicely 
printed  sheet,  although  it  has  not  been 
established  but  a  few  months.  It  has 
quite  a  large  and  is  steadily  increasing 
circulation,  and  is  steadily  growing  in 
public  favor.  A  job  office  is  connected 
with  the  paper,  where  the  wants  of  the 
business  and  farming  community  are 
supplied  in  matter  of  that  kind  in  a  lib- 
eral and  satisfactory  manner. 

White,  John,  farmer;  P.  0.  AVashburn. 

Weaber,  Jno.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Webber,  I.  S.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Waggoner,  M.  J.,  former  ;  P.  O.  Washburn. 

West,  J.  N.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Wir2;es,  Peter,  laborer ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Wilson,  Mary  J.,  P.  0.  AVashburn. 

AVilson,  S.  D.,  retired  ;  P.  0.  AVashburn. 

Wilson,  Josiah,  sew.  match,  ag. ;  P.  0. 
AA^ashburn. 

WEST,  JAMES,  former;  Sec.  14; 
P.  0.  AVashburn  ;  Christian  ;  National ; 
owns  140  acres  of  land,  valued  at  $6,- 
500;  born  in  Brown  Co.,  0.,  Nov.  30, 
1821  ;  married  Melinda  Pickerill  March 
27,  1844;  she  was  born  in  the  same 
place  May  13,  1826;  have  eleven  chil- 
dren, all  living — Mary  Albertina,  born 
Dec.  27,  1844;  John,  born  Jan.  16, 
1846;  Abigail,  born    July    21,    1847; 


AVilliam  M.,  born  Aug.  3,  1849;  Joseph 
N.,  born  July  IG,  1851;  Lavinia,  born 
Oct.  18,  1853;  Sarah  E.,  born  Feb.  15, 
1855;  Susanna,  born  Oct.  25,  1856; 
Caroline,  born  Nov.  8,  1859  ;  AA^alter  S., 
born  Jan.  8,  1802;  Lola,  born  Dec.  4, 
1867.  Mr.  AV.  came  to  this  county 
from  Ohio  Sept.  30,  1857,  and  has  re- 
sided here  ever  since ;  held  office  ot 
School  Director  and  Assessor ;  John 
served  a  term  of  150  days  in  the  army 
durina:  the  late  war ;  was  in  Col.  David- 
son's  command,  of  Peoria. 

WHIT  ME R,     TOBIAS,    brick 

maker  and  laborer ;  P.  O.  Low  Point ; 
born  April  5,  1842,  in  Niagara  Co.,  N. 
Y.. ;  came  to  this  State  with  his  par- 
ents when  he  was  about  10  years  of 
age;  married  Sarah  Poarck  Oct.  21, 
1869 ;  she  was  born  in  Marshall  Co., 
this  State,  Oct.  6,  1852 ;  have  four 
children — Ida  Amelia,  born  April  14, 
1870;  Delia,  April  18,  1872;  Emma 
Lulu,  Feb.  1,  1874;  Clara  May,  March 
24,  1878  ;  Mr.  AV.  was  a  soldier  during 
the  late  war;  served  in  the  47th  I.  V. 
I.  six  months  and  five  months  in  the 
100th  I.  V.  I. ;  was  also  in  the  1st 
Miss.  Marine  Brigade  twenty  months 
and  took  a  part  in  the  capture  of  Vicks- 
burg  ;  Meth. ;  Ind. ;  Mr.  AV.  was  con- 
verted to  the  Methodist  faith  in  the 
Winter  of  1876  ;  he  is  an  exhorter,  and 
has  a  license  from  the  church  for  that 
purpose. 

YOUNGER,  LEAVIS,  carpenter;  P. 
0.  Washburn. 
Young,  James,  far. ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Yadoff,  Charles,  for. ;  P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

ZEHNDEN,  DANIEL,  miller;  P.  0. 
Washburn. 


PARTRIDGE     TOWNSHIP. 


BOULIER,  MARY  J.,  former;  P.  0. 
Chillicothe. 
Beckler,  Andrew,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Chillicothe. 
Bechler,  John,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Chillicothe. 
Belsley,  Barbara,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
Bolander,  Bernhart,  for.  ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 


Bastian,  John,  farmer;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
Barnhart,  Paul,  farmer;  P.  0.  Metamora. 
Ball,  Wm.,  farmer  ;    P.  0.  Low  Point. 
Burg,  AVm.,  farmer  ;    P.  0.  AVashburn. 
Bienneman,  Chas.,  far. ;  P.  0.  Chillicothe. 
Blackman,  L.,  farmer.    P.   0.    Washburo, 


648 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


BLEULL,  OTTO,  tenant  farmer ;  P. 
O.  Spriiij;-  Bay ;  Catholic ;  Deni.  ;  was 
born  in  Germany  Dec.  14,  1842 ;  came 
to  this  country  in  1869  ;  landed  in  New 
York,  and  came  from  there  to  Peoria  ; 
remained  there  three  days  and  then 
came  to  tliis  town,  where  he  has  resided 
ever  since.  He  married  RosinaScicling, 
Sept.  8,  1869  ;  have  two  children  living 
— Katharina  and  Anna,  and  two  chil- 
dren deceased — Peter  and  Anna — the 
youngest  being  a  namesake  of  the  de- 
ceased. 

BOULIER,  ALEXANDER,  far , 

Sec.  Tl ;   P.  0.  Chillicothe  ;  Lib.  ;  Ind.  ; 
owns    62  -acres  of    land,   value  about 
$1,800;     he  was  born  Sept.  20,   1845, 
on   the    farm  where  he  now  resides,  and 
has  resided  there  ever  since;  was  mar- 
ried to  Miss    Sarah   A.  Baily,  Feb.  14, 
1869.     She  was    born    Jan.   4,   1850 ; 
have  four  children  living  and  one  dead. 
The  eldest,   William   Henry,  was   born 
Oct.  22,   1869;  Louis  Alexander,  Oct. 
23,  1871,  died  Aug.   16,   1872;   Carrie 
Belle,  Dec.  25,  1872;   Mary  Josephine, 
Feb.  4,  1875  ;  Louella  Myrtle,  Jan.  29, 
1877.     Mr.  Boulier's  father  came  from 
France  about  the  year  1837.     The  date 
of  his  death    is  given    in    the   personal 
sketch  of  Joseph  Boulier.  Another  son, 
Mr.  Boulier.  Sr.,  was  a  poor  man  when 
he  came  to  this  country.     At  the    time 
of  his  death  he  was  worth  about  $8,000. 
There  are  eight  of   the    children    now 
livino-. 
.BOULIER,  JOSEPH,  farmer  ;  Sec. 
10;  P.  O.  Chillicothe;  owns  280  acres 
of  land,  valued  at  about  $30  per  acre. 
Religion.    Liberal;   politics,   Democrat; 
was   born    in   this  township   March   5, 
1849.      Married  Louisa  Hoshor  Oct.  12, 
1875.     She  was  born  Dec.  13,  1849,  in 
this    county.     They    have    one    child, 
named  Jessie  Winifred.      She  was  born 
July    6,    1877.     Mr.    Boulier's    father 
came  to  this  county  at  an  early  date, 
from  France,  and  was  one  of  the  first 
pioneers.     He  died  Nov.  25,  1871,  at 
the  age   of  57   years.     Mrs.    Boulier's 
father  and  mother  also  were  among  the 
first  settlers  of  this  county.    Her  father, 
Jefi'erson    Hoshor,    was    born    in    Ohio 
Oct.  14,  18]  0,  and  died  Aug.  12,  1872. 
Her  mother  was  born  in  Ohio  July  22, 
1813,  and  died  Sept.    10,  1865.     Mr. 


Boulier's  mother  is  at  present  living  in 
Chillicothe,  in  this  State.  She  was 
born  May  10,  1825. 
BECHLER,  BARBARA,  farmer; 
Sec.  1  ;  P.  0.  Lacou ;  Christian;  owns 
160  acres  of  land,  worth  $4,000  ;  born 
in  France  March  1,  1829;  came  to 
America  in  1846.  Married  John  Bech- 
ler  in  Peoria  Co.  He  was  born  in 
France  March  4,  1821,  and  came  to 
this  country  when  about  7  or  8  years 
old.  He  died  in  October,  1871 ;  have 
had  eight  children,  six  of  whom  are* 
living — John,  born  March  1,  1847  ; 
Rebecca,  born  Feb.  15,  1849;  Barbara, 
born  Jan.  20,  1851  ;  Mary,  born  Feb. 
25,  1853;  Anna,  born  Jan.  13,  1855; 
Joseph,  born  Sept.  20,  1858;  Christo- 
pher, born  Dec.  29,  1860 ;  died  same 
day;  Kate,  born  March  10,  1862,  died 
Nov.  5,  1862.  John  is  unmarried  and 
lives  with  his  mother,  and  has  managed 
the  farm  for  the  past  nine  years.  Mrs. 
Bechler's  maiden  name  was  Mour. 

CRANK,     JAMES,    farmer;     P.    0. 
Chillicothe. 

Crank,  Wm.,  Jr., far. ;  P.  0.  Chillicothe. 

Curry,  Chas.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Clawson,  Allen,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Chillicothe. 

Crawford,  M.,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Washburn. 

Clark,  Thomas,  P.  0.  Low  Point. 

CRANK,  WILLIAM,  farmer;  P. 
0.  Chillicothe  ;  Sec.  11  ;  religion  Bapt.; 
politics  Ind.  ;  owns  280  acres  of  land, 
value  $6,000  ;  born  in  Louisa  Co., 
Va.,  Jan.  6,  1821  ;  went  to  Ohio 
with  his  parents  when  15  years 
old;  married  in  Ohio,  March  29,  1841 
to  Elizabeth  Pritchett ;  she  was  born  in 
Ohio,  April  11,  1821  ;  she  died  Dec.  12, 
1865 ;  had  thirteen  children  by  first 
wife,  nine  of  whom  are  living — Mary 
Adaline,  born  March  6,  1842;  James 
W.,  Nov.  20,  1843  ;  Jemima,  July  3, 
1845,  Rebecca  Jane,  May  19,  1847; 
George  H..  Feb.  22,  1849;  William, 
Jan.  31,  1851  ;  Emeline,  July  7,  1853, 
died  Oct.  2,  1862  ;  Phebe  Ann,  Nov. 
14,  1855,  died  Nov.  7,  1856;  Abner, 
Sept.  7,  1857;  Erastus,  Jan.  11,  1860, 
died  Nov.  15,  1862;  Elizabeth  Feb, 
19,  1862;  Clementine,  Feb.  24,  1864; 
an  infant  son  without  a  name,  born  and 
died  Dec.  12,  1865  ;  was  married  to 
Mary  G.  Hewitt,  July  3,  1866  ;  she  was 
born  Jan.    23,  1848;  Grace    was   born 


PARTRIDGE  TOWNSHIP. 


(549 


July  31,  1867  ;  Sarah  May,  Oct.  20, 
1868;  Dora  Belle,  April  28,  1870; 
Charles  B.,  Aug.  5,  1871  ;  Edward  J., 
Sept.  9,  1872  ;  Alice  Virginia,  Sept.  14, 
1875;  Julia  E.,  Feb.  10,  1877;  held 
offices  of  School  Trustee  and  Supervisor, 
the  former  office  about  20  years,  the  lat- 
ter over  10  years,  also  held  office  of  Road 
Commissioner. 

DUNHAM,  EDWARD,  farmer;  P. 
0.  Washburn. 
Deford,  Chas.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
Deford,  Henry,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
Deford,  Green,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
Deford,  John,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
Deibel,  Jacob,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

ELLIOTT,    JOHN,    farmer;    P.    0. 
Chillocothe. 
Eichorn,  Wm.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
Ernthaler,  Jno.,  far. ;   P.  0.  Cazenovia. 
Ellis,  Benp,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Sprins;  Bay. 

FULTON,    FRANK,    farmer;    P.   0. 
Cazenovia. 

Fagot,  Jacob,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Fagot,  Frank,  farmer  ;    P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

r^  ONGLOFF,  JNO.  J.,  farmer;  P.  0. 

\jr     Metamora. 

Greis,  Conrad,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

GUIBERT,  LOUIS  A.,  former  and 
stock  raiser  ;  Sec.  15  ;  P.  0.  Chillicothe  ; 
Liberal ;  Democrat ;  owns  1,800  acres  of 
land  in  this  State  and  Nebraska;  the 
land  in  this  State  is  worth  about  S12,- 
000.  He  was  born  in  Woodford  Co., 
Nov.  10,  1838  ;  was  married  to  Miss 
Lizzie  Hoshor  May  15,  1859  ;  she  was 
born  Jan.  9,  1843;  her  father  came  to 
Woodford  Co.  in  1833,  and  her  mother 
came  in  1829  ;  she  camped  with  the  In- 
dians near  where  the  Richland  school 
house  now  stands ;  had  nothing  to  eat 
but  parched  corn  and  venison,  the  latter 
full  of  maggots.  The  Indians  at  that 
time  were  friendly.  Mrs.  Guibert  owns 
400  acres  of  land  in  Woodford  Co.  ;  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Guibert  have  had  eight  chil- 
dscn  born  to  them — Louis  C,  born  July 
21,  1860;  Albert,  born  Nov.  24,  1862, 
died  Aug.  3,  1865;  E]ugene,  born  and 
died  July  8,  1865  ;  Talbot  S.,  born  Dec. 
28,  1866;  Clarence,  born  April  21, 
1869  ;  Sidney  J.,  born  Sept.  27,  1872 ; 
Guy  A.,  born  Jan.  20,  1876;  Roselli 
L.,  born  Jan.  13,  1878.  Mr.  G.  has 
held  the  office  of  Supervisor ;  his  father 
was  born  in   France  Jan.  3,  1782;  he 


came  here  from  France  in  1833,  and 
died  Aug.  30,  1866.  Mr.  Guibert's 
father  first  settled  on  Partridge  Creek, 
and  built  a  saw-mill  there  ;  he  was  a  sol- 
dier under  Napoleon  I  ;  was  at  Auster- 
litz  and  Nina ;  was  a  Captain,  and 
received  the  Cross  of  Honor  twice  on  the 
battle  field  for  meritorious  deeds. 

HEININGER,GEO.,  Jr.,  farmer;  P. 
0.  Spring  Bay. 

Heininger,  Peter,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Heininger,  Geo.,  Sr.,  far.;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Hunter,  Wm.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Chillicothe. 

Hoshor,  Mathias,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Chillicothe. 

Hunter,  J.  S.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Chillicothe. 

Hunter,  C.  P.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Chillicothe. 

Hoshor,  Louisa,  firmer  ;  P.  0.  Chillicothe. 

Hoshor,  Jemima,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Spring 
Bay. 

HOSHOR,  TALBOT,  former  and 
stock  raiser ;  Sec.  22;  P.  0.  Chillicothe; 
was  born  in  Worth  Township,  in  this 
county,  Jan.  22, 1837  ;  married  Jemima 
Crank  Feb.  19,1860;  she  was  born  July  3, 
1845,  in  the  State  of  Ohio,  near  Chilli- 
cothe ;  have  four  children  living  and  four 
dead — Charles,  born  Dec.  28,  1860  ;  the 
one  next  to  Charlesdied  without  a. name, 
only  living  four  days ;  Jennie,  born 
Dec.  19,  1863,  died  April  5,  1866; 
Mary,  born  Nov.  27,  1865.  died  July 
10,  1870;  Anna,  born  April  5,  1867; 
Jefferson,  born  March  5,  1869,  died 
Aug.  12,  1872;  Nellie,  born  July  27, 
1872;  Talbot  I.,  born  April  2h,  1875; 
Mr.  Hoshor's  father  came  from  Fairfield 
Co.,  Ohio,  April  9,  1833;  Mr.  Butler 
and  daughter  were  frozen  to  death  on 
Mr.  Hoshor's  farm  and  were  buried  on 
the  point  of  the  hill  where  his  residence 
now  stands,  an  account  of  that  disaster 
being  given  in  another  part  of  this  work. 
Mr.  Hoshor  says  that  Moses  Ayres  was 
the  first  white  settler  in  this  township. 
Owns  1,065  acres  of  land,  valued  at 
$20  per  acre  ;  religion.  Liberal  ;  politics, 
Dem. 

JAMISON.    SAMUEL    farmer ;  P.  0. 
Washl)urn. 
Johnson,  J.  C,  farmer;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
Johnson,  Lewis,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
Johnson,   Nancy   J.,  far.;     P.   0.   Spring 

Bay. 
Jones,  Geo.  L.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Chillicothe. 
Jones,  Isaiah,  farmer ;  P.  0    Chillicothe. 
Jones,  Jacob,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Chillicothe. 


650 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY 


JONES,  DANIEL,  farmer;  Sec.  2  ; 
P.  O.  Lacon  ;  was  born  in  Clark  Co., 
Ohio,  Oct.  29,  1841;  resided  in  Ohio 
eight  years,  coming  to  this  county  with 
his  paretits  in  1849  ;  Married  Miss  Jane 
Horshor  June  14.  1863 ;  have  three 
children,  all  living — William  Addison, 
born  March  llJ,  18(34;  Luella,  July  14, 
1867;  Sidney  A.,  March  24,  1876; 
religion  Lib.;  politics  Ind. ;  owns  130 
acres  of  land  in  Marshall  Co.,  and  an 
undivided  interest  in  the  homestead ; 
Mrs.  Jones  was  born  in  Woodford  Co., 
Oct.  14,  1844  ;  Mr.  Jones'  father, 
Isaiah  Jones,  settled  on  the  farm  he 
now  lives  on  in  the  year  1849  ;  he 
has  five  children,  all  living ;  Mr. 
Jones'  father  was  born  in  Pennsyl- 
vania Nov.  21,  1810  ;  was  married  to 
Miss  Mary  Reeder,  July  16,  1834  ;  she 
was  born  June  6,  1811,  in  Trumbull 
Co.,  Ohio  ;  Absalom  was  born  April  9, 
1835;  Sarah,  April  26,1837;  Jacob 
R..  Sept.  8,  1839;  Daniel,  given  above; 
George  L.,  Sept.  29,  1843  ;  Mr.  Jones, 
Sr.,  was  Supervisor  three  years  ;  he  owns 
140  acres  of  land,  valued  at  about 
$5,000  ;  his  wife  died  Feb.  20,  1876. 

KAMP,  MOSES,  far. ;  P.  0.  Spring 
Bay. 
Koch,  Philip,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
Kunkel,  Peter,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Kunkel,  Jacob,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
Klyman,  Julius,  farmer;  P.O.  Washburn. 
Kinney,  Charles,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Chillicothe. 

LEGRAND,    NICHOLAS,    farmer  ; 
P.  0.   Spring  Bay. 

Liney,  Edward,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Lorence,    Barney,  flirmer ;     P.  0.  Chilli- 
cothe. 

Lamb,  Charles,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Metamora. 

LEE,  GEORGE  E.,  ship  carpenter; 
P.  O.  Spring  Bay  ;  born  Sept.  13,  1820, 
at  St.  Thomas,  Canada  West.  Married 
Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Mrs.  Nancy 
Ruckel,  June  28,  1877  ;  he  was  in  the 
U.  S.  navy  during  the  late  war;  was  on 
the  Star  of  the  West  when  she  ran  the 
blockade  at  Vicksburg  ;  was  transferred 
to  the  Conestoga,  and  then  to  gunboat 
Tyler ;  his  mother-in-law,  Nancy  Ruc- 
kel, was  the  widow  of  George  Ruckel  ; 
religion  Bai)tist ;  owns  160  acres  of 
land,  valued  at  $2,500  ;  born  Feb.  13, 
1805;  married  Aug.  15,  1826.  Mr. 
Ruckel   died  Nov.   24,  1862;  had  ten 


children — Lieugenes  Wesley,  born  June 
26,  1827;  Elizabeth,  born  June  26, 
1829  ;  Mary  Ann,  born  Dec.  25.  1831, 
died  Jan.  17.  1852  ;  Benjamin  and  Da- 
vid (twins),  born  March  7,  1834  ;  Ben- 
jamin died  June  28,  1834,  and  David 
June  25,  1834;  Emily,  born  Feb.  27, 
1835,  died  April  10,  1849  ;  Belinda, 
born  April  20,  1837,  died  June  1, 
1870;  Barbara,  born  March  5,  1840; 
Daniel,  born  Dec.  22,  1842;  George 
W.,  born  June  30,  1845.  Mrs.  R.  and 
her  husband  came  to  this  county  in 
1837,  and  were  among  the  first  settlers. 
"ly /T'ARTIN,  JAMES  M.,  P.  0.  Lacon. 

Morse,  Andrew,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Meister,  Geo.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Meinger,  Au<j;ust,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Meinger,  John,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

May,  August,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Motley,  Wm.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Chillicothe. 

MILLER,  LOUIS,  farmer  ;  Sec.  34  ; 
P.  0.  Metamora  ;  Liberal ;  Independent ; 
owns  140  acres  of  land,  worth  about 
$5,000  ;  born  in  France  July  16,  1820 ; 
came  to  this  country  about  June  10, 
1838;  has  been  in  this  country  ever 
since ;  married  Lydia  Woodcock  May 
20,  1847,  at  Spring  Bay;  she  was  born 
March  13,  1821  ;  have  eleven  children 
living  and  one  dead — 3Iary  Ann,  born 
June  8,  1848;  Rosanna,  born  Sept.  29, 
1851  ;  Lydia  Cordelia,  born  April  24, 
1854 ;  Louis  Alexander,  born  Oct.  19, 
1856  ;  Jacob  Cornelius,  born  April  2, 
1860  ;  Rachel  Ann  Angelia,  born  Oct. 
24,  1852  ;  Martha  Ann,  born  March  23, 
1864;  John  Peter,  born  Jan.  14,  1867  ; 
Joanna  and  Joseph  (twins),  born  May 
7,  1869;  Thomas  Frederick,  born  Jan. 
30,  1872.  Held  office  of  School  Direct- 
or several  terms;  holds  the  office  of 
School  Trustee  at  the  present  time. 
Mrs.  Miller's  brother  Alexander  was  in 
the  77th  I.  V.  I.  during  the  war,  and 
died  in  Kentucky. 

^yOLL,  JOHN,  farmer;  P.  0.  Wash- 

JLN        burn. 

OWEN.  JEFFERSON,  f^u-mer ; 
p.  O.  Cazenovia ;  Christian  ;  Dem- 
"ocrat;  born  in  Wayne  Co.  July  17, 
1836  ;  married  Elizabeth  Elliot ;  she  was 
born  Dec.  4,  1844.  in  Indiana  ;  have 
three  children  living  and  two  dead — 
John  Asa,  born  April  27,  1861  ;  Daniel 


PARTRIDGE  TOWNSHIP. 


651 


M^,  born  July  12,  1865,  died  Oct.  26, 
1873;  Eliza  Ann,  born  May  31,  1868, 
died  Aug.  4,  1870  ;  David  Oscar,  born 
Dec.  29,  1874;  George  Anthony,  born 
Feb.  11,1878.  Mr.  Owen's  father  came 
to  this  State  at  an  early  date  ;  removed 
to  Kansas;  returned  ;  went  to  Arkansas, 
then  to  Missouri,  where  he  now  resides ; 
Mrs.  Owen's  father  was  a  soldier  in  the 
Mexican  war,  and  died  in  Mexico  ;  her 
mother  lives  in  Marshall ;  her  name  is 
Weaver. 

PESNER,  JNO.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Spring 

Painter,  Jacob,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Chillicothe. 
Phipps,  (jreo.,  farmer  ;  P.    0.  Low  Point. 

REISIXa,    ADAM,    farmer;     P.    0. 
Spring  Bay. 

Ramsey,  Samuel,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Ruckle,  Nancy,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Ridenour,  Calvin,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Wash- 
burn. 

Ramsey.  Wm.,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Cazenovia. 

REDIGER,  JOSEPH,  farmer; 
P.  0.  Cazenovia;  owns  511  acres  of 
land,  valued  at  about  $30  per  acre ;  was 
born  May  22,  1835,  in  Ohio  ;  he  came 
with  his  parents  to  this  county  when 
he  was  3  years  old,  and  has  resided  here 
ever  since.  He  married  Ann  Eliza 
Clingman  Dec.  28,  1856 ;  she  was  born 
in  Ohio  April  17,  1833  ;  came  to  this 
county  with  her  parents  when  she  was 
22  years  old.  Have  six  children  living 
— Saliua,  born  June  2,  1857  ;  Almeda, 
born  Nov.  4,  1859  ;  John  Henry,  born 
Jan.  7,  1862  ;   Lewis   David,  born  Oct. 

17,  1866  ;  Greorge  Theodore,  born  Oct. 

18,  1867 ;  Margaret  Ann,  born  Dec. 
31,  1869  ;  Joseph  Franklin,  born  Oct. 
31,  1864,  died  Oct.  5,  1865;  Mary 
Elsie,  born  June  3,  1873,  died  April 
16,1874.  Has  held  the  office  of  School 
Director  and  Tax  Collector;  he  now 
holds  the  office  of  School  Trustee,  and 
has  for  the  past  twelve  years,  also  As- 
sessor. Salina  married  John  Clark,  of 
Cazenovia.  Almeda  married  N.  Calvin 
Ridenour,  of  Partridge  Tp.  Religion, 
Liberal  ;  politics.  Independent. 

RAMEY,  GEORGE  W.,  mer- 
chant; P.  O.  Chillicothe  ;  religion, 
Methodist ;  politics,  Republican ;  was 
born  in  Indiana  April  13,  1834;  lived 
in  Indiana  until  3  years  of  age,  and 
removed  with  his  parents  to  Peoria  Co.; 


resided  there  about  forty  years.  Mar- 
ried Sarah  A.  Huff  March  8,  1857  ;  she 
was  born  in  Ohio  March  20,  1841  ;  have 
had  seven  children,  only  two  of  whom 
are  living  Lona  and  Alvaretta,  the 
former  being  married  to  J.  A.  White, 
of  La  Prairie,  in  Marshall  Co.  Alva- 
retta is  8  years  of  age.  The  names  of 
those  that  died  were — George  Edwin. 
Clara,  Ann,  Nina  Bell,  Charles  W.  and 
Minnie  May,  the  youngest.  Alvaretta 
and  Charles  were  twins.  Mr.  Ramey  was 
in  the  86th  111.  Vol.  Inf.  ;  served  three 
years ;  was  in  seventeen  battles  and 
twenty-two  skirmishes,  including  the 
ever-memorable  Atlanta  campaign  and 
march  to  the  sea.  Mr.  Ramey  is  keeping 
a  store  in  what  is  now  familiarly  known 
as  Rameyville,  and  keeps  a  fine  assort- 
ment of  goods. 

STAAB,  HENRY,  farmer ;    P.  0.  La- 
con. 
SCHWARTZ,    HENRY,   farmer; 
Sec.  1  ;  P.  0.  Washburn ;  Presbyterian ; 
Democrat;    owns  360  acres,  valued  at 
87,000  ;    born  March  21,  1824;    came 
from    Germany    in    December,     1846, 
landed  in  New  York  City,  went  to  Peo- 
ria,   remained   five  or  six  years,   then 
came  to  this  place,  where  he  has  resided 
ever  since.     Married  in  Peoria,  Oct,  28, 
1848,  to  Caroline  Sandmyer ;    have  six 
children  Jiving,  one  dead — Henry,  born 
July  15,  1849,  died  in  1850  or  1851; 
William,  born  Jan.  26,  1854  ;    George, 
born  May  24,  1856;     Mary,  born  July 
22,  1857  ;  John,  born  March  18,  1860; 
Henry,  born  May  20,  1862  ;    August, 
born  Oct.  7,  1864.     There  is  an  Indian 
burying  ground  a  few  rods  west  from 
Mr.  S.'s  house,  and  quite  a  number  of 
graves  can  be  plainly  seen. 
Schickling,  K.,  former  ;   P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
Snyder,  Peter,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
Snyder,  J.  J.,  farmer;    P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
Snyder,  Dan'l,  farmer;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
Schneider,  Peter,  far.;  P.  0.  Clillicothe. 
Schneider,  Jno.  C,  far.;  P.  O.  Spring  Bay. 
Shall,  Geo.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Schwartz,  Wm.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Savage,  Jos.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 
Sowards,  Sarah  A.,  farmer  ;    P.  0.  Lacon. 
Sowards,  Faruham,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Lacon. 
Sharp,  Louis,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
Schribens,  Dan'l,  far.;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
Sowards,  Owen,  farmer ;  P.  O.  Lacon. 


652 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY: 


Sowards,  Jackson,  farmer;  P.  0.  Lacon. 

TUNIS,  JNO.,  farmer  ;  P.   0.  Spring 
Bay. 
Trump,  Jno.,  farmer  ;    P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 
Tunis,  James,  farmer  ;  P.  O.  Spring  Bay. 

WEAVER,  DAVID,  farmer;  P.  0. 
Chillicothe. 

Waldsmith,  Adam,  far. ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Waldsniith,  Safferone,  far. ;  P.  0.  Spring 
Bay. 

Waldsmith,  Henry,  Sr.,  far. ;  P.  0.  Spring 
Bay. 

Waldsmith,  Henry,  Jr.,  far. ;  P.  0.  Spring 
Bay. 

Waldsmith,  Dorothea,  far. ;  P.  0.  Spring 
Bay. 

Waldsmith,  Amel,  far. ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

WAGNER,  DANIEL,  tar  ;  Sec. 
36  ;  P.  0.  Metamora  ;  Presb.  ;  Rep. ; 
born  in  Germany  Nov.  10,  1823  ;  came 
to  this  country  Aug.  4,  1848 ;  married 
Eva  Chuck  March  6,  1855  ;  she  was 
born  in  Germany  Feb.  7,  1835  ;  have 
nine  children  living  and  one  dead — Mag- 
gie, born  Dec.  28,  1855,  died  Aug.  12, 
1856  ;  Mary,  born  Dec.  30,  1856  ;  Kate, 
born  May  6,  1859  ;  Hannah,  born  May 
24,  1861  ;  Jacob,  born  Jan.  G,  1863; 
Louisa,  born  June  3,  1865  ;  John,  bora 
Feb.  21,  1868;  Susan,  born  Sept  21, 
1870;  Amanda,  born  Dec.  G.  1873; 
Wm.  Martin,  Nov.  11,  1876.  Held  the 
office  of  School  Director  six  years.  Carl 
Lamb,  his  neighbor,  owns  80  acres, 
worth  $3,000  ;  settled  there  July,  1835  ; 
married  Ann  Mary  Winter ;  she  was 
born  in  France,  May  15,  1810.  Mr. 
Lamb  was  born  Oct.  9,  1809,  in  Ger- 
many ;  no  children  ;  Meth.  ;  Rep. ;  P. 
0.  Cazenovia. 

WAGNER,  JACOB,  farmer  and 
stock  raiser ;  Sec.  ;  33  ;  P.  0.  Spring 
Bay ;  Luth. ;  Rep.  ;  owns  320  acres 
of  land,  worth  about  $15.00  per 
acre ;  was  born  in  Germany  Dec. 
13,  1843  ;  came  to  this  county 
with  his    parents  in     Aug.   1848;  was 


married  to  Helena  Belsley,  Aug.  14,. 
1866 ;  she  was  born  in  this  county 
March  29,  1847;  have  five  children 
living  and  one  dead — the  eldest,  an  in- 
fant, died  two  days  after  it  was  born  (no 
name);  Joseph,  born  July  31.  1867; 
Ellen  B.,  Oct  8,  1869  ;  Katherine,  Sept. 
24,  1871;  Amalie,  Feb.  24,  1874 ;  Lou- 
ise, Feb.  19,  1876.  Mr.  Wagner's  father 
died  in  May,  1875;  his  mother  died  in 
March,  1874;  has  held  ofiice  of  School 
Director  two  terms.  Assessor  two  terms, 
and  is  now  holding  the  ofiice  of  Com- 
missioner of  Highways. 

Weasel,  Andrew,  farmer  ;  P.O.  Chillicothe. 

Wagner,  M.  C,  farmer  ;  P.O.  Spring  Bay. 

Weaver,  Jesse,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Wands,  Gilbert,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Webber,  John,  farmer;  P.  0.  Washburn. 

Waldsmith,  R.,  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

Waldsmith,  C,  P.  0.  Spring  Bay. 

^S^OUNGER,    BENJAMIN, 

JL  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Chillicothe  ;  Meth.  ; 
Rep.;  owns  59  acres,  valued  at  $3,000. 
Mr.  Younger  was  born  in  Mifilin  Co., 
Penn.,  Dec.  8, 1810  ;  lived  in  that  State 
until  11  years  of  age;  moved  with  his 
father  to  Ohio ;  remained  there  until 
1835  ;  he  then  came  to  Woodford  Co., 
arriving  here  Nov.  15,  of  the  same  year. 
He  married  Sarah  Turner,  March  2, 
1834,  in  Ohio,  who  emigrated  to  Wood- 
ford Co.,  with  him  ;  she  died  Nov.  13, 
1838.  He  married  Miss  Lodema  White, 
Jan.  14,  1841  ;  have  two  children  liv- 
ing by  first  wife — William,  born  Aug. 
11,  1836,  and  John  Lewis,  February  5, 
1838  ;  also  four  children  by  second 
wife — Benjamin  F.,  born  Oct.  20, 1841 ; 
Charles  Leroy,  born  Feb.  8, 1848;  Sarah 
J.,  born  April  9,  1852  ;  Walter  I.,  born 
July  6,  1856.  All  are  living  in  this 
State,  except  Franklin,  who  resides  in 
Iowa.  Mr.  Y.  has  held  office  of  School 
Treasurer  fourteen  years,  and  Justice  of 
the  Peace  twenty-two  years,  which  office 
he  now  holds. 


PALESTINE    TOWNSHIP. 


A    YERS,  A.  H.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Amrine,  Dexter,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Amrine,  F.  A.  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 


Armstrong,  Mary  A.,  P.  0.   Eureka. 
Arnold,  Stephen,  biksmith  ;  P.   0.  Secor. 
Arnett,  W.  H.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Eureka. 
Armstrong,  Margretta,  P.  0.  Secor. 


PALESTINE   TOWNSHIP. 


65a 


Ackerman,  Wm.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.    Kappa. 
Arnett,  Simeon,  farruer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

ARMSTRONG,       GARRETT, 

retired  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor ;  Dem. ; 
Clirst.  ;  was  born  in  Woodford  Co.,  Ky., 
July  12,  1818,  and  came  with  his 
father,  John  A.,  to  Monroe  Co.,  Ind., 
and  then  to  this  county  in  March,  1835, 
and  remained  with  his  father  several 
years  ;  he  married  Malinda  Patrick,  of 
Greene,  Sept.,  1844  ;  she  died  May  28, 
1863,  leaving  five  children — Matilda, 
Marian,  Miles,  Martin  and  Lousia  ;  Mr. 
A.  married  for  his  second  wife  Susan 
R.White,  of  Peoria,  Feb.  16,  1864; 
his  home  has  always  been  in  Green, 
where  he  had  a  tarm  of  200  acres  with 
fine  improvements  ;  in  1871,  he  sold  a 
part  of  his  place  to  Mrs.  S.  Kindig,  en- 
tering the  balance  for  himself  ;  he  has 
a  fine  place  in  Secor,  where  he  moved  to 
in  1871,  and  now  with  his  excellent 
wife,  they  are  enjoying  the  fi-uits  of  their 
labor,  surrounded  by  relatives  and 
friends. 
"DUCK,  D.  W.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Burger,  J.  H.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Burger,  Lemuel,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Bariga,  John  A.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Burger,  G.  W.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Billinger,  F.  L.,   P.  0.  Secor. 
Boyd,  R.  W.,  farmer;  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Berg,  Peter,    P.  0.  Secor. 
Berg,  L.  N.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Burger,  G.  M.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Baum,  Valentine,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Boiler,  Henry,  fiirmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Burkholder,  S.  D.,  farmer ;  P.  O.  Secor. 
Burger,  C.  D.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Bear,  John,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Binganer,  J.   C,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Billinger,  Wm.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Binganer,  C.,  fariser  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Bowman,  Fanny,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Brauns,  Chas.,  grocer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Bowman,  H.  C.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Brown,  W.  A.,  former  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Bunting,  J.  M.,  laborer;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Blair.  J.  Y.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Becker,  Gottlieb,  boots,  etc. ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Blair,  A.,  mason  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Brown,  Wm.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Baumetz,  Wm.,  farmer  ;  P,  0.  Secor. 
Boyd,  W.  Ramsay,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Kappa. 
Bullock,  W.  S.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Eureka. 


Butler,  James,  P.  0.  Secor. 

i^LTNE,  GEO.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Cannon,  Elizabeth,  P.  0.  Secor. 

Cash,  .John,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Gluts,  F.  J.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Collins,  James,  far.  and  mason  ;  P.  0. 
Secor. 

Cook,  F.  A.,  painter  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Colbiirn,  R.  0.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Cribbin,  Thomas,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Cogswell,  James,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Cummins,  Stephen,  farmer  ;  P.  0. 
Secor. 

Cook,  Andrew,  farmer,  P.  0.  Secor. 

Causey,  J.  L.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Council,  Jas.,  miller  ;   P.  0.  Secor. 

Crane,  S.  C,  laborer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Close,  Frank,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

CHAPMAN,  JOSIAH  P.,  farmer; 
P.  0.  El  Paso.  Independent.  Evan- 
gelical. Has  140  acres  of  land  on  Sec. 
35.  He  was  born  in  Marion  Co.,  Ind., 
Oct.  31,  1836,  and  came  to  Marshall 
Co.  in  1837,  and  to  Tazewell  in  1845, 
and  to  this  county  in  1863.  He  mar- 
ried Mary  Jane  Finley  April  1(J,  1873. 
She  was  born  in  Coshocton  Co.,  0., 
Nov.  12,  1845.  They  have  two  inter- 
esting children — jMaggie  Estella  and 
Delia  Virginia.  Mr.  C.  has  a  farm  he 
cleared  up,  the  most  of  it  from  the 
grubs,  and  has  fine  fences,  and  1  doubt, 
(for  all  purposes)  if  you  can  find  many 
better  farms  anywhere.  He  is  a  first- 
class  farmer,  and  a  man  you  can  place 
confidence  in  and  not  be  disappointed. 
Mrs.  C.  was  formerly  a  teacher,  and  is  a 
very  amiable,  intelligent  lady. 

npvEINER,  MARGARET,  P.  0.  Secor. 

Deiner,  Louis,  P.  0.  Secor. 
Danner,  Geo.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Dehority,  G.  W.,  farmer;  P.  O.  Secor. 
Dehority,  James,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Dehority,  Wm.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Secor. 
Davidson,  Elizabeth,  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Davis,  D.  B.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Dierking,  Henry,  merchant ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Davidson,  W.  T.,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Secor. 
Dixon,  N.  D.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Dalton,  Mary  J.,  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Diener,   Christian,   Meth.  preacher;  P.  0. 

Secor. 
Dehority,  A.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Dixon,  Joseph,  former;  P.  0.  Kappa. 


654 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY: 


TpLLIS,  THOS.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Ellenberger,  S.  F..  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Eckhoff,  Iddelt,  farmer  ;  P.  O.  Seeor. 

£vy,  John  M.,  farmer;  P.  O.  Secor. 

Ellis,  John,  Sr.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 

English,  Amos,  wao-ou  mkr. ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

EiiLIS,  JOHN,  tarmer ;  P.  0.  El 
Paso;  Rep.;  Episcopal;  has  200  acres  fine 
land,  valued  at  S50  per  acre.  He  was 
born  in  Yorkshire  Co.,  Eng.,  Nov.  6, 
1816,  and  came  to  this  count. y  in  1852, 
and  settled  in  Somerset  Co.,  N.  J., 
and  worked  there  until  he  was  able  to 
purchase  a  farm  in  Illinois,  and  came 
here  in  the  Spring  of  1857,  and  settled 
on  this  firm.  He  married  Mary  Net- 
tleton  in  England,  May,  1824:;  she  was 
born  in  England,  May  1,  1815  ;  they 
have  seven  children  living  (three  died  in 
infancy) — William,  John,  3Iary,  Joseph, 
Jane,  Margaret  and  Thomas  S.  His 
son,  William,  was  in  the  4th  I.  V.  C. ; 
was  wounded,  and  from  it  his  brain  be- 
came affected,  which  resulted  in  his 
death  by  being  drowned  Sept.  26,  1872. 
Joseph  was  in  the  •47th  I.  V.  I.,  and 
was  wounded  in  the  arm.  Mr.  Ellis  is 
a  striking  example  of  what  a  determined 
poor  man  can  do  in  this  country.  He 
came  here  poor,  but  had  a  will  to  work. 
Now,  with  his  energy  and  good  manage- 
ment, he  has  a  very  beautiful  home  and 
choice  farm.  His  family  are  industri- 
ous, and  now,  in  the  evening  of  his  life, 
he  can  enjoy  the  fruits  of  his  labor,  and 
I  think  he  does. 
TpRY,  Wm.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Secor. 

Fry,  Jos.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Secor. 
Flessner,  H.,  lumber  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Faucett,  Geo.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Secor. 

QRESHAM,    R.    H.,    far.;     P.     0. 
Eureka. 
Gephart,  David,    farmer  ;    P.  0.  Secor. 
Grieser,  Jos.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Grieser,  Chas.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Gassner,  Lawrence,  miller  ;    P.  0.    Secor. 
Gessilman,  F.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Grove,  J.  H.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Graffleman,  T.,  farmer:  P.  0.   Secor. 
Giesselman,  Christ. 
Gassner.  L. 

HEIiNRICH,      ANDREW,    farmer; 
P.  0.  Secor. 
Hogaboom,  W.  A.,  firmer;   P.  0.  Kappa. 


Harper,   Hiram,  far. ;   P.  0.  Kappa. 

Hexamer,  Jacob,  Sr.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Hereford,  J.  O.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Harmon,  Wm.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Secor. 

Hollenback,  D.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Heinricks,  H.  H.,  farmer;     P.  0.  Secor. 

Huff,  David,  laborer  ;  P.   0.  Secor. 

Harseim,  R.  dry  goods  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Hollenback,    G.    B.,   P.  M.,    dry   goods, 
groceries,  etc.;    P.  0.  Secor. 

Haussler,  F.  X.,  cabinet  mkr.  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Harseim,  G.,  cabinet  mkr. ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Horn,  A.,  laborer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Hexamer,  Jacob,  Jr.,  farmer;  P.O.  Secor. 

Hunsinger,  Jacob,    farmer ;  P.   0.   Secor. 

Hexamer,  Catharine,  P.  0.  Secor. 

Hunsinger,  John,  farmer  ;    P.   0.    Secor. 

Haussler,   A.  T..    builder ;    P.    0.    Secor. 

HART,   ALLEN,     farmer;     P.    0. 
El   Paso  ;  Rep. ;  Evangelican    Associa- 
tion ;  has  880  acres  of  land  on  Sees.  26, 
27,  34_  and  35,  valued  at  $40  per  acre; 
he    was  born    in    Westchester    Co.,  N. 
Y.,  Sept.  26,  1803,  and  came  to  Hudson, 
McLean  Co.,  in  1836,  and   to  this  farm 
in  1837.     He  married  Lucy  Ann   Wil- 
lis,   daughter  of    Frank   Willis,  of  this 
county,  for  his  first    wife,   July,   1847. 
She    was    born    in  Kentucky,  Nov.  15, 
1826;  she  died  July  18,  1852,  leaving 
three    children — Mary    E.,   Lucy    and 
Joseph.       He    married    for  his   second 
wife  Mrs.  Martha  Ann  Patterson,  whose 
former  name  was   Miss    Baldridge,  Oct. 
11,  1853.     She    was  the    daughter  of 
Wm.    and     Margaret       Baldridge,    of 
Adams   Co.,   Ohio.      They  have   seven 
.  children — Harvey  W.,  Sarah    M.,  Wil- 
son  A.,   Clara    E.,    John    H.,     Eddy. 
Joseph  and  Estha  D.     Mrs.   Hart  had 
by  her  first  husband  one  son,  Robert  W., 
who  is  one  of  the  fimily,  and  is   being 
educated  at  Bloomiugton.     Mr.  Hart  is 
one  of  the  oldest  and  best  known  citi- 
zens in  the  county  ;  has  been  Supervisor 
several  years,  and  has  been  a  very  enter- 
prising and  successful  farmer,  with  one 
of  the  finest  and   best  improved  farms 
in  the  county  ;  he  has  a  large  family  of 
intelligent  and  industrious   children  to 
care  for  and  assist  him  in   his  old  age. 
Yerv  few  men  of  his  age  are  more  active. 

HEREFORD,  LEVEN  P.  (de- 
ceased), farmer;  P.  0.  Secor;  Demo- 
crat ;  Methodi.^t :  had  200  acres  of  laud 
well  improved  near  Secor:  he  was  born 


PALESTINE   TOWNSHIP. 


655 


in  Loudon  Co..  Va.,  Feb.  3,  1818,  and 
came  to  this  place — after  living-  for  sev- 
eral years  in  the  counties  of  Clark  and 
Tazewell — in  March,  1852  ;  he  married 
Louise  M.  Powell,  Sept.  9,  183G,  in 
Loudon  Co.,  Va.  ;  she  was  born  in  Lou- 
don Co.,  Jan.  1,  1819;  they  had  nine 
children — Thomas  A.,  John  VV.,  Mary 
C,  James  F,,  Charles  A.,  Sarah  E., 
Oscar  J.,  Edward  L.  and  Arthur  L. 
Mr.  H.  died  Dec.  23,  1876  ;  Thomas  A. 
died  Jan.  12,  1844.  Mr.  H.  came  into 
this  place  among  the  first  settlers,  bought 
a  fine  farm  adjoining  the  village,  and 
was  among  the  enterprising  men  of  the 
town  and  county,  some  of  whom  are 
among  the  leading  business  men  of  Se- 
<3or.  Mrs.  H.  is  very  ^ileasantly  situated 
in  town,  and  is  very  active  for  one  of  her 
years. 
YiNINGS,  H.  0.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Johnson,  Jabez,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Jiuings,  T.  H.,  former;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Jinings,  J.  M.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Jinings,  W.  M.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 

KEARNEY,  PATRICK,  fiirmer;  P. 
0.  El  Paso. 
Kindig,  David,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Kime,  Jonas,  farmer ;  P,  0.  Secor. 
Kyes,  P.  A.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Koch,  Klas,  P.  O.  Secor. 
Keeler,  N.  0.,  boots  and  shoes  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Kindig,  Martin,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Kauffeuberger,  Peter,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Kauftenberger,  Adam,  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Kippenbrock,  Louis,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Kuehma,  Frederic,  farmer ;  P.  O.  Secor. 
Kauffold,  Peter,  laborer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

LUCAS,    THOMAS,    farmer;    P 
Secor. 

Lewis,  P.  M.;  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Lape,  Jos.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Ludwig,  Wm.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Lucas,  Elizabeth,  P.  0.  Secor. 
Liddy,  Philip,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Liddy,  Andrew,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Ludwig,  Henry,  hardware ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Luts,  Wm.,  harness  maker ;  P.  0.  Secor 
Lahr,  Jacob,  blacksmith ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Lyon,  A.,  preacher;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Lenhart,  Henry,  P.  0.  Secor. 
Lemon,  Henry,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 

MOREL  AND.    ADAM,   farmer;    1 
0.  Secor.  ' 
Moreland,  J.  W.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 


0. 


Magee,  Frank,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Michael,    Jacob,    Sr.,  farmer ;    P.   0.   El 
Paso. 

Marony,  Thos.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Merritt,  Henry,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Mohr,  W.  F.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Mohr,  S.  W.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Mohr,  William,  firmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Moreland,  C.  H.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Mahlstach,  C.  blacksmith  ;  P.  O.  Secor. 

Murphy,  P.  T.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Moreland,  Samuel,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Miller,  Leonard,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

McVey,  Jos.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 

McKee,  Richard,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

McKee,  Sarah,  P.  0.  Secor. 

Magee,  Mary  Jane,  P.  0.  Secor. 

Myers,  A.  M.,  nurseryman  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

MOHR,  JOHN  G.,  farmer;  P.  0. 
El  Paso.  Rep.  and  of  the  Evangelical 
Association.  Has  200  acres  of  land  on 
Sec.  3,  valued  at  $50  per  acre.  He 
was  born  in  Wurtomburg,  Germany, 
Nov.  12,  1802,  and  came  to  this  coun- 
try in  August,  1818,  and  settled  in 
Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  and  remained  there 
until  Nov.  6,  1836,  when  he  came  to 
this  place  and  made  his  claim.  He 
married  Catharine  Wolaber  in  Lancaster 
Co.,  May  30,  1826.  She  was  born 
in  York  Co.,  Pa.,  Jan.  29,  1806.  She 
died  March  18,  1876.  They  had  ten 
children — Mary,  Henry,  Magdelain, 
John  G.,  Jacob  W.,  Elias,  Simson  W., 
David,  William  F.  and  Josiah.  David 
died  in  the  hospital  in  Nashville,  Tenn., 
Nov.  17,  1863.  Mr.  M.  was  among 
the  first  to  settle  here.  He  has  one  of 
the  many  beautiful  houses  and  farms  in 
the  county.  He  has  a  large  family  of 
intelligent,  industrious  children.  Now 
at  the  age  of  76,  he  is  enjoying  good 
health,  and  is  very  active  for  one  of  his 
years. 

MOHR,  WM.  F.,  farmer;  P.  0.  El 
Paso.  Is  the  son  of  John  G. ;  was 
born  in  Palestine  Jan.  31,  1842.  Mar- 
ried Anna  Kreitz  in  this  place  April  22, 
1873.  She  was  born  in  Ogle  Co.  Sept 
20,  1852.  They  have  two  children — 
Elmer  Ottes  and  Nettie  Vitora.  He 
is  a  Republican,  and  of  the  Evangelical 
Association,  and  lives  with  his  father 
and  carries  on  the  home  farm. 

"VJOFSINGER,  G.  W.,  livery;  P.O. 

±N       Secor. 


656 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY: 


PATTERSON,  W.  B..  farmer;  P.  0. 
Secor. 

Poland,  Elijah,  farmer;    P.  0.  Secor. 

Potter,  Samuel,  Sr.,  P.  ( >.  Secor. 

Potter,  J.  F..  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Potter,  Elizabeth,  P.  0.  Secor. 

Potter,  A.  R..  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Potter,  M.  B.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Potter,  Wm.,  teamster  ;  P.  O.  Eureka. 

Potter,  W.  A.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Potter,  Marion,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Potter,  J.  K.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Parsons,  E.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Pinkham.  Geo.,  former;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Pearson,  Geo.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Patterson,  R.  W.,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

Patterson.  M.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Pearson,  John,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Polhemus.  Emeline,  P.  0.  Secor. 

POTTER,  EPHRAIM  (deceased), 
farmer.  Democrat  and  Christian.  Had 
some  600  acres  of  land,  partly  on  Sec. 
21.  He  was  born  in  North  Carolina 
Aug.  24,  1796,  and  came  to  this  place 
and  settled  in  1837.  He  married 
Nancy  Overbay  in  Tennessee.  She 
died  in  Indiana,  leaving  eight  children. 
He  married  for  his  second  wife  Eliza- 
beth Hedrick  in  Harrison  Co.,  Ind., 
Oct.  15,  1835.  She  was  born  June  3, 
1817.  They  had  ten  children — Syana, 
Martha,  Catharine,  Abram.  Marian, 
Candis.  Elizabeth,  Albert  R..  Col. 
T.  and  Frank  G.  Col.  T.  died  Aug. 
15.  1854.  aged  2  years.  Catharine 
Horner  died  Oct.  31,  1866,  aged  29 
years.  Mr.  Potter  was  one  of  the  first 
to  settle  on  Palestine  Prairie  ;  had  one 
of  the  grand  farms  of  the  county,  and 
was  among  the  best  men  of  the  times. 
He  died  Jan.  1,  1861.  Mourned  by 
all  who  knew  him. 

RICHARDSON,  W.  B.,  farmer  ;  P.  0. 
Secor. 
Ryan,  Jno.,  farmer;    P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Ryan,  Fannie,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Robert.  Henry,  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Richardson.  Nancy,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Richards.  Wm..  farmer ;  P.   O.  Secor. 
Render,  Thomas',  farmer ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Reel,  Philip,  butcher  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Robeson,  J.  E.,    farmer;  P.  O.  Eureka. 
Reger,  A.  A.,  preacher;   P.  0.  Secor. 
Robeson,  C.  A.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Ross,  Nathen,  laborer  ;    P.  0.  Secor. 
Reyburn,  W.  S.,  lumber  ;  P.  0.   Secor. 


Ru.-^sell,  C.   W..  farmer;  P.  O.  Semr. 

RICHARDSON,   AARON    A.» 

farmer  ;  P.  O.  Secor  ;  Independent  and 
Christian  ;  has  540  acres  of  land  on 
Sees.  7  and  8.  valued  at  S50  per  acre  ; 
he  was  born  in  this  townshij)  Oct.  23,. 
1837  ;  he  married  Martha  J.  McKee 
Dec.  17,  1857,  in  this  county:  she  was 
born  in  this  township  June  3.  1840. 
They  have  five  children — Francis  M., 
Ida  M.,  Edwin  J.,  Charles  A.  and 
Louis  R.  Mr.  R.  is  one  of  the  old 
settlers,  having  been  born  here,  and  has 
grown  up  with  the  county  and  its  im- 
provements. He  has  a  very  large  and 
desirable  farm,  is  a  thorough  farmer,  and 
knows  how  to  make  farming  a  success  ; 
he  has  held  the  office  of  Justice  of  the 
Peace  and  Town  Treasurer  fur  many 
years,  and  is  one  of  the  very  reliable 
citizens  of  the  community.  He  has  a 
very  intelligent  fiimily  of  children,  grow- 
ing up  to  habits  of  industry.  His  father, 
Jas.  Richardson,  was  one  of  the  few 
who  came  here  in  1831. 
PARKS,  R.  D.,  farmer;  P.O.  Kappa. 


S' 


Seeley,  Francis,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Shaw.  Mathew,  farmer ;  P.  O.  Secor. 
Stowell,  C.  N.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Sinclair,  G.  W.,  far. ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Shoemaker,  W.,  Sr.,  far. ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Stevens,  Austin,  farmer  ;    P.  0.  Kappa. 
Shoemaker,  A.  C.  farmer;  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Sutton,  Geo.,  farmer:  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Sutton.  T.  W.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Sutton.  Thos.,  Sr.,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Sinclair.  H.  M..  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Stahl,  Geo.,  farmer;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Shoemaker.  W.  T.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Sinclair,  Hector,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Sparks.  J.  S..  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Sparks,  A.  E.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Smizer,  Adam,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Sutton,  Samuel,  farmer  ;  P.  0.   El  Paso. 
Shepherd,  Jno..  farmer  ;    P.  0.  Secor. 
Shepherd,  B.  F.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Stitt.  Samuel,  hedge  trimmer  ;    P.  0.   El 

Paso. 
Seggerman,  R.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Shoup,  Benj.,  Jr.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Stumbaugh.  Jacob,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Stephens.  Jesse,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Stephens,  C.  W.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Shultz,  J.  H.,  farmer;   P.   0.  Secor. 
Stewart,  Henry,  grocery ;  P.  0.  Secor. 


PALESTINE   TOWNSHIP. 


657 


Slemmer,  C.  H.,  carpenter  P.  0.  Secor. 

Schaifer,  Jno.  carpenter  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

SheltoD,  Greo.,  P.  0.  Secor. 

Stanford,  A.  E.,  station  agt. ;   P.  0.  Secor. 

Shepherd,  0.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Slaughter,  Henry,  farmer ;    P.  0.  Secor. 

Shiiman,  Samuel,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Secor. 

Schrcieder,  H.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 

SHEPHERD,  HENRY,  deceased; 
he  had  IGO  acres  of  land  on  Sec.  28, 
well  improved  ;  he  was  born  in  Marshall 
Co.,  Va.,  March  8,  1811,  and  came  to 
this  place  in  18-13 ;  he  married  Mrs. 
Amy  Morris  (her  maiden  name  being 
Amy  Logdon)  Feb.  25,  1838;  she  was 
born  in  Marshall  Co.,  Va.,  Jan.  28, 
1813;  she  had  four  children  by  her 
first  husband — Mary  A.,  Elizabeth,  Car- 
oline and  Rebecca  I. ;  Mary  Ann  (Mrs. 
Wm.  Mott)  died  many  years  ago,  leav- 
ing six  children — Elizabeth,  married 
Fred  Hendricks,  and  was  murdered  by 
him  in  1877,  near  Bloomington,  after 
which  he  shot  himself;  whisky  was 
the  cause  of  all  his  trouble ;  they  left  a 
family  of  six  children ;  she  had  by  Mr. 
S.  nine  children  (three  died  in  infancy) 
— Margaret  Jane,  Sarah  E.,  Charlotte, 
Amanda  M.,  John,  Obadiah  M.,  Will- 
iam H.  and  Benjamin  F.;  Sarah  E. 
(Mrs.  Wm.  Harmon)  died  in  1872 ; 
Amanda  (Mrs.  L.  Chapman)  died  in 
1871 ;  William  H.  died  in  1873.  Mr. 
Shepherd  died  May  4,  1865  ;  he  settled 
here  at  a  time  when  it  cost  nearly  all 
the  comforts  of  life  to  live,  when  corn 
sold, for  6c  per  bushel,  wheat  20c,  and 
Chicago  was  the  market,  with  no  rail- 
roads ;  he  was  a  good  flirmer,  had  a 
good  farm,  and  was  a  man  universally 
respected;  Mrs.  S.  holds  the  farm  during 
her  lifetime,  by  will ;  he  was  a  Republi- 
can and  member  of  U.  B.  Church. 

SHEPHERD,  B.  P.,  farmer;  P.  0. 
Secor;  Republican;  U.B.  Church;  lives 
on  the  old  homestead  with  his  mother,  and 
carries  on  the  farm  ;  was  born  in  this 
place  June  19,  1853,  and  married  Alice 
A.  Manning  Nov.  9,  1875,  in  McLean 
County  ;  she  was  born  in  Gridley,  Mc- 
Lean County,  Jan.  20,  1859  ;  they  have 
one  child — Lahan  Henry. 

THOMPSON,    STEPHEN,    laborer; 
P.  0.  Secor. 
Trunnell,  Thos.,  laborer;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Trunnell,  P.,  laborer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 


Teghtmire,  C,  carpenter ;  P.  O.  Secor. 

Tribby,  D.  W.,  P.  0.  Secor. 

Tribby,  P.  L.,  physician;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Tjaden,  Ludwiu,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 

Tribby,  B.  E.,'P.  0.  Secor. 

Tribby,  Martha,  P.  0.  Secor. 

"TTNSIKER,  J.,  farmer  ;    P.  0.  Secor. 

YARBLE,  JOHN  B.,  farmer;  P.  0. 
Secor. 
Varble,  Joel  H.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Van  Auken,  Cahdn,  far. ;  P.  0.  El  Paso. 

VAN    SCYOC,    ANDERSON, 

farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor  ;  Ind.;  Methodist ; 
has  1,000  acres  of  land,  valued  at  $40 
per  acre  ;  was  born  in  Marshall  Co.,Va., 
July  12,  1822,  and  came  into  Shelby 
Co.,  Ind.,  in  1835,  and  to  this  place  in 
1838.  Married  Mary  L.  Carr,  Dec.  29. 
1857  ;  she  was  born  in  Floyd  Co.,  Ind.; 
they  had  tour  children — Margaret  M., 
John  A.,  William  A.  and  Charles  ,  E. 
Charles  E.  died  in  infancy.  Mrs.  V. 
died  Oct.  22,  1865.  He  married,  for 
his  second  wife,  Mrs.  Margaret  J.  Pierce, 
daughter  of  Mr.  Henry  Shepherd,  April 
17, 1873  ;  she  was  born  in  Marshall  Co., 
Va.,  Aug.  26,  1835  ;  she  was  the  widow 
of  John  Pierce,  who  died  Nov.  29, 
1862,  leaving  two  children,  Henry  W. 
and  Caleb  D.  Mr.  V.  has  one  of  the 
largest  and  best  farms  in  the  county  for 
his  specialty  of  raising  grain  and  graz- 
ing for  stock,  and  fattens  a  larae  number 
of  hogs  and  cattle  every  year  tor  the 
market.  He  is  a  very  thorough  and 
practical  farmer,  and  has  made  it  a  per- 
fect success  ;  he  feeds  all  his  grain  to 
stock,  and  buys  besides.  He  has  held 
various  town  offices,  and  is  now  Super- 
visor for  the  fourth  year.  Mr.  V.  com- 
menced life  a  poor  young  man  and  strug- 
gled hard  for  his  start,  and  his  vast  estate 
is  the  result  of  strict  economy,  hard 
work,  good  management,  and  a  product- 
ive soil.  Perhaps  it  can  be  safely  said 
that  very  few  men  can  look  back  with 
more  satisfaction  upon  their  past  life 
work. 

WARNER,    J.    L.,    farmer;    P.    0. 
Secor. 
Wright,  Shelby,  farmer ;    P.  0.  El  Paso. 
Whitmer,  Samuel,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Wurmnest,  John,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Secor. 
Westcott,  G.  H.,  farmer;    P.  0.  El  Paso, 
Walker,  Henry,  tarmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 


658 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY: 


Wilson,  Samuel,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Wertzberger,  John,  fanner ;   P.  0.  Secor. 

Wilkin,  John,  farmer;   P.  0.  Secor. 

Williamson,  31.,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Secor. 

^Villiamson,  L.  C,  farmer  ;    P.   0.    Secor. 

Wilson,  A.  Q.,  carpenter;   P.  0.  Secor. 

Writiht,  James,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 

Williamson,  Anna. P.  0.  Secor. 

WARD,  CHARLES,  farmer;  P.O. 
El  Paso ;  Rep.;  Christian ;  has  200 
acres  on  Sec.  10,  valued  at  850  per  acre 
He  was  born  in  Lincolnshire,  England, 
March  30, 1823,  and  came  to  this  coun- 
try in  1852,  and  worked  and  rented 
for  five  years  in  Eureka,  and  then  came 
to  this  place.  He  married  Catharine 
Banbridge,  in  England,  Aug.  25, 1845  ; 
she  was  born  in  England,  June  2, 1828; 
they  have  eleven  children — Thomas, 
George,    Susanna,     Charles,     Caroline, 


William,  John.  Francis,  Joseph,  Jud- 
son  and  David.  Mr.  W.  has  been 
blessed  in  worldly  matters  as  well  as 
with  a  large  and  interesting  family,  ten 
sons  of  which  any  parents  might  feel 
proud.  He  has  a  home  and  farm,  the 
equal  of  which  few  can  boast ;  he  has 
made  it  all  since  coming  to  this  county, 
by  hard  work  and  industry.  He  is  a 
man  of  strict  honesty,  and  has  the  good 
will  of  all  his  neighbors.  "An  honest 
man  is  the  noblest  work  of  God." 
■^ERION,  E.  C,  farmer;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Yerion,  J.  H.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Yerion,  Jos.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Secor. 
Yerion,  J.  C,  farmer:   P.  0.  Secor. 

ZIMMERMAN,  PETER,  farmer;    P. 
0.  Secor. 


KANSAS    TOWNSHIP. 


ARNETT,  J.  S.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Oak 
Grove. 
Allen,  Jas.  K.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Arnold,  J.  W.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Allen,  Z.  H.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Normal. 
Anderson,  E.  W.,  far.;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Anderson,  L.  W.,  far. ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Anderson,  E.,  Jr.,  far.:  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 

BROWN,    ELI     S.,    flirmer;     P.    0. 
Hudson. 
Bateman,  W.  H.,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Brown,  J.  W.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Brown,  J.  L.,  farmer;    P.  0.  Oak   Grove. 
Baber,  F.  M.,  farmer;    P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Byers,  Jacob,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Hudson. 
Brown,  H.  J.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Hudson. 
Burnet,  Robt.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Bateman,  A.,  farmer ;    P.  0.  Oak   Grove. 
Brown.  M.  E..  farmer;  P.O.  Hudson. 

CARLOCK,  A.  W.,  farmer;  P.  0. 
Oak  Grove. 
Carloek,  Winton,  f^r.  ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Chaffin,  Solomon,  fiirmer;  P.  0.  Hudson. 
Carloek,  J.  W.,  farmer;  P.  0  Oak  Grove. 
Crusinberry,  Jno.  M.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Oak 

Grove. 
Carloek,  A.  H.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Clay,  Jno.,  Jr., farmer  ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Craig,  A.  J.,   farmer ;   P.  0.    Oak  Grove. 


Carloek,  Amy,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Craig.  S.  D.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Campbell,  Dan.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Carloek,  A.  W.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Crawford,  C.  D.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Craig.  Wm.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Carloek,  Margie,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Chism.  Jesse,  farmer ;    P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 

DELANO,  NATH.,  farmer;  P.  0. 
Oak  Grove. 
Dearth,  S.  B.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Dennis,  Michael,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Deanh,  Ellis,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Dehner,  Daniel,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Denman,  M.  E.,  farmer  ;   P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 

ENGLISH,  DAVID,  farmer;  P.O. 
Oak  Grove. 

TT^RANKLIN,   LOUISA,  farmer;    P. 

JD       0.  Hudson. 

Franklin,    C.   H.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Hudson. 

Franklin,  Benj.  J.,  farmer;  P.O.  Hudson. 

FRAN  KLIN,  JARED  D.,  farmer ; 
P.O.  Hudson;  Rep.;  Christian;  has 
160  acres  of  land  on  See.  11 ;  was  born 
in  Windham  Co.,  Conn.,  Nov.  28,  1814, 
and  came  to  Illinois  in  1837,  and  to  this 
township  in  1840.  He  married  Cynthia 
Hinshaw,  from  Tennessee ;  they  had 
seven   children — Laura,   George,  Allen, 


KANSAS   TOWNSHIP. 


659 


Annie,  Candace  and  Benjamin  ;  Hattie 
died  at  3  years  old.  Mrs  F.  died  April 
26,  186J:.  His  second  wife  was  MtiS. 
Louisa  Brown,  the  widow  of  Mr.  Z. 
Brown,  who  settled  here  in  1831,  whom 
he  married  Sept.  13, 1870  ;  she  was  the 
second  wife  of  Mr.  Brown,  and  by  him 
had  two  children — Arden  J.  and  Mary 
Elizabeth,  both  of  whom  are  living  with 
their  mother.  Mr.  F.  is  among  the  first 
settlers ;  is  a  good  farmer,  an  esteemed 
neighbor,  and  one  of  the  really  good 
men  of  our  time. 

r^  RTM,  JOHN,  farmer;     P.   0.    Oak 

V_jr     Grove. 

GTosnell,  W.  K.,  farmer;    P.    0.   Hudson. 

Gravitt,  Clayborn,  far. ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 

Goagleman,  C,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 

H^'  OSPELHORN,  GEO.,  farmer;  P. 
0.  Oak  Grove. 
Hinshaw,  Jehu,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Hudson. 
Harper,  Allen,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Hospelhorn,  Jno.  M.,  far.;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Harper,  F.  A.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Herman,  Michael,  far. ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Harper,  A.,  Jr.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Huff,  P.  E.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Huff,  Thos.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 

JOHNSON,   WM.   H.,   farmer;  P.   0. 
Hudson. 
Johnston,  Jas.  S.,  far.;   P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Johnson.  Richard,  far.;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
UNKLER,   J.   P.,  farmer;    P.   0. 


K 


Oak  Grove. 
Kunkler,  Henry,  far.  ;   P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Kratz,  Jos.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Kuhns,  Abraham,  far.  ;   P.  0.  Hudson. 
Kester,  Margaret,  far. ;  P.  0  Oak  Grove. 
Kunkler,  Fred'k,  far.;   P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Kratz,  Sam'l,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Hudson. 
Kratz,  Rebecca,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 

KIRKPATRICK,  SAMUEL  C, 

farmer;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove,  McJ^ean  Co.; 
Republican ;  has  300  acres  of  land,  of 
the  old  homestead,  valued  at  $50  per  | 
acre;  he  was  born  June  26,  1850; 
married  Amanda  Johnston  Nov.  23, 
1871 ;  she  was  born  April  12,  1851,  in 
Stout's  Grove,  McLean  Co.;  they  have 
two  children — Valleria  Bell,  Gertrude 
Ann.  Mr.  K.  had  a  good  farm  and 
home  left  him  by  his  father,  and  he 
uses  it  as  though  he  earned  it  all ;  he  is 
a  good  farmer,  takes  good  care  of 
what  he  has,  is  a  kind  husliand,  and 
has  a  companion  well  calculated  to  make 


home  desirable.  Samuel  Kirkpatrick, 
the  father  of  the  above,  was  born  in 
Virginia,  in  1806,  and  moved  to  Adams 
Co.,  0.,  and  in  1833  came  to  this  place, 
and  was  a  real  pioneer  in  the  Grove  and 
county;  he  married  Ann  Hougham,  in 
Adams  Co.,  0.,  in  1831  ;  they  have 
sis  children  living  (one  dead) — Marga- 
ret, Malissa  J.,  Thomas  W.,  Betsey 
Ann,  Lamon  H.  and  Samuel  C.  Mr. 
K.  had  6tl0  acres  of  land,  and  was  very 
early  one  of  the  leading  farmers  in  the 
county,  and  a  respected  citizen  ;  he  died 
May  4,  1873:  Mrs.  K.  died  Nov.  4, 
1871. 

LONG,   MICHAEL,   farmer;     P.    0. 
Oak  Grove. 
Lollis,  E.  J.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Laws,  Jeremiah,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Eureka. 
Lawless,  Michael,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

McNEIL,    W.    L.,    farmer;    P.    0. 
Hud.son. 
McNeil,  Wm.  K.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Hudson. 
Miller,  Christian,  f\ir.  ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Mishler,  S.  A.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Hudson. 
Miller,  M.  R.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
McGraw,  Elizabeth,  P.  O.  Bloomington. 
Miller,  Jacob,  firmer;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove, 
McNeil,  R.  M.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Hudson. 
McGavack,  Henry,  far. ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Moore,  Jno.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Mishler,  Henry,  farmer;  P.  0.  Hudson. 
Moore,  A.  H.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Mishler,  Jacob,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Hudson. 
Miller,  Eli,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Hudson. 
McGraw,  Jno.,  far.  ;   P.  O.  Bloomington. 
McWilliams,  A.  J.,  far.;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Morrison,  Elizabeth,  far.;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Moore,  Jas.,  farmer;   P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 

PHILLIPS,  ELI,  farmer ;    P.  0.  Oak 
Grove. 
Palmer,  Henry,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove, 
Pflasterer,  Fred'k,  far. ;   P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Palmer,  Absalom,  far. ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Pedcord,  Jas.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Potter,  C.  M..  farmer;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 

REYNOLDS,  ADISON,  farmer;    P. 
0.  Oak  Grove. 
Roberson,  Wm.  G.,  far.;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Robison,  G.  H.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Hudson. 
Russell,  Simon,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Reynolds,  Jas.  I.,  far.  ;   P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Riley,  John  J.,  farmer  ;  P.  0.  Hudson. 

SMITH,  DAVID,  farmer;  P.O.  Hud^ 
son. 
Stephens,  Sylvester,  far. ;  P.  0.  Hudson. 


660 


TAX-PAYERS  OF  WOODFORD  COUNTY: 


Shope,  W.  W.,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 

Snudgrass,  Edgar,  far.;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 

Stevens,  Richard,  farmer ;  P.  0.  Secor. 

Stephens,  I'hilip,  far. ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 

Snavely  Samuel  Y..  farmer ;  P.  0.  Oak 
Grove. 

STEPHENS,  WILLIAM,  farmer 
and  dealer  in  stock ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove  ; 
Democrat ;  has  360  acres  of  land,  partly 
on  Sec.  19;  was  born  in  Montgomery 
July  29,  1837,  and  married  Mary  Ellen 
Brown,  Dec.  22,  1865 ;  she  was  born 
July  25,  18-15.  They  have  five  chil- 
dren— Rosie  E.,  Elmer  Lee,  Lillie  A., 
Eddie  W,  and  Minnie  F.  Mr.  S.  was 
a  boy  when  there  were  but  a  few  settlers 
here.  He  was  raised  to  habits  of  indus- 
try and  economy,  and  has  practiced 
them  through  life.  He  first  bought  a 
farm  in  McLean  Co.,  and  lived  on  it 
until  1873,  when  he  bought  where  he 
now  lives ;  he  is  engaged  (juite  exten- 
sively in  feeding,  buying  and  selling 
stock  ;  he  is  one  of  the  enterprising  men 
of  the  town  ;  has  a  fine  farm,  and  sees 
that  it  is  well  cared  for  ;  he  is  a  capable 
business  man,  very  popular  as  a  local 
politician,  and  is  now  serving  on  his 
second  year  as  Supervisor  of  the  town- 
ship. 


STEPHENS,  LEWIS,  father  of 
Wm.,  is  one  of  the  historic  men  of  the 
county;  he  was  born  in  Highland  Co.. 
Ohio,  in  1808,  and  came  to  Montgom- 
ery Township,  this  county,  in  1832.  He 
married  Malinda  Hougham,  in  Ohio ; 
they  had  eight  children — Mai-y  Ann, 
Samuel,  Sarah  Jane,  Martha  and  Cary. 
Mary  Ann,  Martha  and  Samuel,  are 
dead.  Mr.  S.  died  Aug.  13,  1873. 
Mrs.  S.  died  in  1852. 

THERIO,   JNO.,   farmer ;  P.  0.  Oak 
Grove. 
Therio,  Edward,  far. ;  P.  O.  Oak  Grove. 
Taylor,  0.  L.,  far. ;   P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 

WODRIG,  LOUIS,  farmer;      P.  0. 
Oak  Grove. 
Woolsey,  G.    W.,  farmer  ;     P.    0.  Oak 

Grove. 
Wierman,  C.  F.,    farmer  ;  P.  0.  Kappa. 
Woosley,    Dillard,    farmer  ;     P.    0.    Oak 

Grove. 
Woolsey,  Thomas,  far.  ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
Williams,  Philip,  farmer ;   P.  0.  Hudson. 
Woosley,  James,  far. ;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 

YODER,    ABRAHAM    Z.,    farmer; 
P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 
ZOOK,    L.     A¥.,  farmer;    P.    0.    Oak 
Grove. 
Zook,  J.  W.,  farmer;  P.  0.  Oak  Grove. 


Biographies  Received  Too  Late  for  Insertion  in 
their  Kespective  Townships. 


METAMORA    TOWNSHIP. 


SCHERTZ,  PETER,  dealer  in  lum 
ber,  grain,  live  stock  and  manufacturer 
of  Nesmith's  Champion  Grain  Register  ; 
was  born  in  Worth  Tp.,  Woodford  Co., 
August  8,  1847.  His  father,  Joseph 
Schertz,  was  one  of  the  earliest  settlers 
of  the  county ;  Mr.  S.  was  raised  on 
the  farm  until  he  was  23  years  old,  when 
he  came  to  Metamora  and  purchased  the 
lumber  and  grain  business  of  J.  C.  Kim- 
ball. He  married  in  Dec,  1874  to  Miss 
Mollie  Rich ;  born  in  Tazewell  Co., 
1854  ;  they  have  one  child — Jos.  T., 
born  March  17,  1877.  Is  a  Rep.  in 
politics,  and  Mennonite  in  religion.  He 
is  at  present  a  member  of  the  Town 
Board. 

SCHERTZ,    CHRISTIAN    H., 

farmer  ;  Sec.  5  ;  P.  0.  Metamora ;  was 
born  in  Woodford  Co.,  Nov.  22,  1844  ; 
when  21  years  of  age,  rented  160  acres 
of  land  in  Linn  Tp. ;  then  in  1809,  came 
to  Metamora  Tp.  and  bought  the  200 
acres  known  as  the  "  Widow  Gingerich 
farm."  He  married  Miss  Anna  Gin- 
gerich in  this  township,  March,  1869, 
who  was  born  in  Partridge  Tp.,  August 
22,  1845  :  have  three  children — Alima, 


born  Jan.  6,  1870  ;  Lucinda,  Nov.  5, 
1872 ;  Lena,  Dec.  9,  1875.  His  father, 
John  Schertz,  died  in  Linn  Tp.,  June 
5,  1877. 
SMITH,  JOHN  T.,  retired  farmer; 
Sec.  18  ;  P.  0.  Metamora  ;  was  born  in 
Germany,  April  6,  1806  ;  emigrated  to 
America  in  August,  1830,  locating  in 
Laurel  Hill,  Pa.  ;  remaining  three  years, 
then  to  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  for  two  years, 
coming  to  111.  in  1835,  and  locating  in 
what  is  now  Worth  Tp.,  Woodford  Co., 
in  Oct.  of  same  year ;  married  Miss  Anna 
M.  Bettilon  in  Ohio,  Sept.,  1830,  who 
was  born  in  Germany,  May  10,  1810; 
nine  children  living — John  (married 
Lousia  Dibel),  Anna  M.  (now  Mrs. 
Adam  Kiel,  of  Tazewell  Co.),  Maria 
(now  Mrs.  Jacob  Iwig,  of  Tazewell  Co.), 
Elizabeth  (now  Mrs.  Geo.  Romiger  of 
Metamora  Tp.),  Magdalena  (  now  Mrs. 
Adam  Nuhn  of  Tazewell  Co.),  Peter 
(married  Hannah  Kraft),  Andrew  (mar- 
ried Terrise  Buck),  Isaac  (married 
Barbara  Olds),  Thomas  (married  Clara 
Ricketts)  ;  lost  one — Philip,  died  Sept., 
1855. 


SPRING    BAY    TOWNSHIP. 


ROHMAN,  JOHN,  farmer ;  P.  0. 
Spring  Bay ;  was  born  in  Bavaria,  Ger- 
many, April  22,  1823 ;  emigrated  to 
America  in  1854,  coming  direct  to  Illi- 
nois and  Worth  Township,  for  six 
months,  then  to  Spring  Bay  Township, 
purchasing  first  80  acres.       Married  for 


his  first  wife  Anna  Hood,  in  Germany, 
April,  1847  ;  she  was  born  in  Germany, 
in  1825,  and  died  in  Spring  Bay,  April, 
1862  ;  he  married,  second  wife,  Lizzie 
Nafziger,  of  Woodford  County,  in  1865; 
she  was  born  in  Worth  Township, 
April  2,  1843;    seven  children  by  first 


TOO  LATE  BIOGRAPHIES. 


wife — Peter,  Laurence,  Anna  (now 
Mrs.  John  Wombaclier,  of  Peoria)  ;  four 
deceased — Lizzie,  John,  Valentine  and 
Catherine;  four  children  by  second  mar- 
riage— Eva,  Lizzie,  John  H.,  Charles. 
Mr.  R.  owns  120  acres  in  Spring  Bay 
Township,  20  acres  of  timber  in  Worth 
and  80  acres  in  Linn  Townships,  house 
and  lot  of  3f  acres,  and  twelve  town 
lots  in  Sprinti'  Bay. 

TERRY,  PETER  K.,  P  0.  Spring 

Bay;  born  in  Texas,  June  1,  1848; 
parents  removed  to  Nashville,  Tenn,  in 
1849,  his  father  dying  of  cholera  on 
Red  River ;  his  mother  went  from  Ten- 
nessee to  Alabama,  and  in  1855  came 
to  Jacksonville,  Morgan  Co.,  111.;  when 
12  years  of  age,  Peter  came  to  Spring 


Bay,  Woodford  County,  and  has  ever 
since  made  it  his  home ;  entered  the 
army  Dec.  24,  1863,  enlisting  in  the 
64th  111.  Inf,  Co.  A,  at  Ottawa,  111., 
and  was  discharged  July  18,  1865,  at 
Chicago  ;  since  coming  out  of  the  ser- 
vice has  done  farm  work  principally. 
Married  Miss  Achesh  Covy  in  Partridge 
Tp.,  Aug.  17,  1871.  She  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania  in  1851,  and  died  in 
Spring  Bay  June  14,  1877,  leaving  one 
child— Nancy,  born  Sept.  20,  1872. 
Mr.  T.'s  father  was  born  in  Alabama  in 
1823.  His  mother  was  born  in  Tennes- 
see in  1821,  and  now  resides  at  Fair- 
bury,  Livingston  Co.,  111.  One  brother, 
Joel  F.,  lives  in  Cottonwood  Springs, 
Reno  Co.,  Kansas. 


EL    PASO    TOWNSHIP. 


CHAPMAN,  R.  U.,  M.  D.,  physi- 
cian ;  P.  0.  El  Paso ;  was  born  in 
Leesville,  Carroll  Co.,  0.,  July  24, 
1837 ;  read  medicine  with  Dr.  R.  C. 
Chapman  and  Dr.  J.  A.  S.  Goudy, 
of  New  Comerstown,  0.,  from  1857  to 
to  1861  ;  attended  lectures  at  Starling 
Medical  College,  Columbus,  0.,  in  1860. 
Practiced  in  Bakersville,  0.,  from  1861 
to  1867 ;  in  New  Romley,  Harrison 
Co.,  0.,  from  1867  to  1869 ;  and  from 
1869  to  the  present  time  near  El  Paso, 
111.  Dr.  C.  passed  a  most  thorough 
examination  before  the  Boai'd  of  Health 
at  their  January  meeting  in  Springfield. 


He  is  a  very  close  student,  and  has  the 
reputation  of  being  a  fine  practitioner. 
He  was  an  ofl5cer  in  the  24th  Ohio 
Vol.  Inf.  in  the  rebellion.  He  com- 
menced his  practice  here  in  1869  with 
very  little  means,  but  he  has  grown  into 
a  fine  practice ;  bought  80  acres  of 
splendid  land,  has  good  buildings  and 
improvements,  and  well 
married  Jane  M.  Boyd, 
Co.,  0.,  June  8,  1865. 
children — William  B., 
Richard  R.,  Eugene  P. 
Kittie  A. 


located.     He 

of  Coshocton 

They  have  six 

Campbell    M., 

Flora  B.  and 


The  following  Biography  was  Inserted  in  Greene  Township ;  should 

have  been  in  Panola. 


BONER,  MARSHALL,  farmer; 
P.  0.  Panola.  Independent.  Has  200 
acres  of  very  fine  land  on  Sec.  30,  val- 
ued at  S60  per  acre.  He  was  born  in 
Jackson  Co.,  Va.,  Jan.  10,  1852,  and 
came  to  this  county  with  his  father,  J. 
M.  Boner,  in  1853.  He  married  Miss 
Ruah  Williams,  of  Greene,  Jan.  28, 
1875.  She  was  born  in  Cazenovia 
Sept.  19,  1852.     They  have  two  chil- 


dren— Bertha  M.,  Archie,  Earl.  Mr. 
B.  purchased  the  old  Arnold  farm,  situ- 
ated near  Panola,  and  moved  on  to  it  in 
Feb.,  1875.  This  is  one  of  the  most 
beautiful  places  in  this  vicinity,  and  Mr. 
B.  hopes  to  put  on  still  more  substan- 
tial improvements.  He  is  a  young  man 
of  energy,  industry  and  integrity.  With 
these  qualifications  he  must  and  will 
succeed. 


¥ar  History  Received  Too  Late  for  Insertion 
in  its  Proper  Place. 


THE  ONE  HUNDRED  AND  THIRTY- 
NINTH  ILLINOIS  INFANTRY. 


On  the  2d  day  of  March,  1864,  Gen.  U.  S. 
Grant  was  chosen  Commander-in-chief  of  the 
Armies  of  the  United  States.  Congress  re- 
vived the  high  ranli  of  Lieutenant  General,  and 
this  was  conferred  upon  him.  A  grand  army 
of  seven  hundred  thousand  trained  men  was 
placed  at  his  command.  The  line  of  battle  ex- 
tended from  Virginia  to  Texas.  A  plan  for  a 
vigorous  campaign  during  the  coming  Summer 
and  Fall  was  soon  decided  upon.  All  the  avail- 
able forces  were  to  be  concentrated  into  two 
grand  divisions.  The  first,  under  Gen.  Meade, 
commanding  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  was  to 
advance  against  Richmond.  The  second,  under 
Gen.  Sherman,  was  to  start  from  Chattanooga, 
Tennessee,  and  march  upon  Atlanta,  Georgia, 
and  thence  to  the  sea.  In  order  to  guarantee 
the  success  of  these  two  expeditions,  it  was 
found  necessary  to  concentrate  all  the  available 
forces.  Still,  many  points  were  to  be  garri- 
soned in  the  rear  of  these  advancing  columns. 
And  in  order  that  the  veteran  soldiers  might  be 
released  from  garrison  duty,  the  President 
issued  a  call  for  volunteers  to  serve  for  one 
hundred  days.  In  response  to  this  call,  the 
One  Hundred  and  Thirty-ninth  Picgiment  Illi- 
nois Volunteers  was  formed.  It  was  mustered 
into  the  service  at  Peoria  on  the  1st  day  of 
June,  1864.  Maj.  Peter  Davison,  of  Peoria, 
was  unanimously  chosen  Colonel  of  the  regi- 
ment. Only  a  few  days  were  given  to  complete 
the  minutije  of  organization.  And,  accord- 
ingly, on  the  8th  of  .June,  the  regiment  marched 
aboard  the  steamer  "Schuyler,"  "bound  for 
Dixie."  Arriving  at  St.  Louis  on  the  10th,  we 
spent  the  night  at  Beuton  Barracks,  and  the 
next  day  marched  aboard  the  steamer  Platte 
Valley,  and  proceeded  on  our  way  to  the  next 
point  of  destination,  which  was  Columbus,  Ky. 
Here  we  remained  about  a  week,  and  then 
moved'  back  to  Cairo  as  a  garrison  for  that 
place.     Here  the  regiment  remained  with  but 


little  to  disturb  the  monotony  of  camp  life  until 
the  middle  of  August.  About  the  1st  of  Au- 
gust, a  guerilla  party  had  captured  some  steam- 
boats a  short  distance  above  Paducah,  and  took 
from  them  several  hundred  cattle  and  horses. 
Gen.  Payne,  who  was  commanding  the  Depart- 
ment of  Northern  Kentucky,  ordered  Col.  Davi- 
son to  take  four  hundred  of  his  men  and  go 
and  take  from  the  rebel  farmers  living  in  the 
counties  adjoining  the  river  where  the  capture 
was  made  as  many  cattle  and  horses  as  had 
been  taken  from  the  boats.  Some  of  the  stock 
was  recaptured,  and  enough  others  taken  as 
directed  to  make  good  the  loss,  Two  or  three 
of  the  ringleaders  of  the  guerilla  party  were 
also  captiired.  After  the  return  from  this  ex- 
pedition, the  regiment  remained  at  Cairo  doing 
garrison  duty  until  the  25th  of  September.  It 
was  then  ordered  to  Peoria  to  be  mustered  out 
of  the  service.  But  the  time  had  not  come  yet. 
Gen.  Price  with  a  large  rebel  force  was  march- 
ing toward  St.  Louis,  and  there  were  not  enough 
troops  to  defend  it  that  could  be  spared  from 
other  places.  President  Lincoln  sent  a  dis- 
patch to  Col.  Davison  requesting  him  to  take 
his  regiment  and  go  at  once  to  St.  Louis.  The 
President  was  aware  the  regiment  had  already 
served  beyond  the  time  for  which  it  was  en- 
listed. As  soon  as  the  circumstances  were 
explained  to  the  men,  they  were  ready  to  go. 
For  this  prompt  response,  the  President  wrote 
a  letter  to  the  men  of  the  regiment  expressing 
his  thanks  and  commending  ihem  for  their 
patriotism. 

We  soon  arrived  in  St.  Louis  and  pushed  out 
in  the  direction  of  Franklin  to  meet  Gen.  Price. 
Whether  it  was  because  he  heard  that  the  One 
Hundred  and  Thirty-ninth  was  coming,  or  for 
some  other  cause,  the  writer  never  learned ; 
but  so  it  was,  that  the  rebel  General  soon  de- 
cided it  was  to  his  advantage  to  move  to  the 
southern  part  of  the  State.  We  followed  as 
fast  as  possible,  but  failed  to  catch  him.  Hav- 
ing driven  him  to  a  remote  part  of  the  State, 
we  were  again  ordered  to  Peoria,  where  we 
were  mustered  out  of  the  service  on  the  2.5th 
of  October,  1864,  having  been  in  the  service 
nearly  five  months. 


WAR  HISTORY. 


THE   ELEVENTH   ILLINOIS 
CAVALRY. 


The  Eleventh  Illinois  Cavalty  was  recruited 
at  Camp  Lyon,  Peoria,  111.,  in  the  months  of 
September,  October  and  November,  1861,  from 
Peoria,  Fulton,  Knox  and  Woodford  Counties. 
Tazewell  and  Logan  Counties  furnished  one 
company.  The  regiment  was  mustered  into 
the  service  of  the  United  States  December  20, 
1861  ;  was  kept  under  close  discipline  until 
about  the  '2d  of  February,  1862,  when  the  reg- 
iment was  ordered  to  Benton  Barracks,  Mis- 
souri, where  the  regiment  continued  drill  and 
saber  exercise  till  about  the  20th  of  March, 
when  it  was  ordered  to  report  to  Gen.  Grant, 
at  Pittsburg  Landing,  where  the  regiment  ar- 


rived one  week  before  the  battle  at  Shiloh,  at 
which  battle  the  Eleventh  took  part ;  and  after 
the  battle,  was  on  the  famous  long  march  on 
Corinth.  After  the  evacuation  of  that  place, 
the  Eleventh  was  stationed  there  for  a  short 
time,  guarding  the  lines  of  railroads  leading  to 
that  place.  From  there  it  was  ordered  to 
Jackson,  Tenn.,  and  put  on  same  duty,  till 
early  in  the  Spring  of  1863,  when  it  was 
ordered  to  Grand  Junction  ;  in  Fall  of  1863, 
was  ordered  to  Vicksburg.  The  Eleventh  was 
in  active  service  from  the  time  of  landing  at 
Pittsburg  Landing,  in  the  Spring  of  1862,  un- 
til mustered  out  of  service.  The  principal 
battles  in  which  this  regiment  was  engaged 
were  the  battles  of  Shiloh,  Corinth,  luka,  Lex- 
ington, Tenn  ;  Parker's  Cross  Roads,  Tenn., 
and  many  small  engagements  with  what  were 
called  bushwhackers. 


ERR,  AT  A.. 


John  L.  Atton,  page  565,  should  read  "  John  L.  Patton." 

George  Sommers,  from  Lorraine,  France,  settled  here  in  1836.     His  place  is  near  the 
line  of  Spring  Bay,  and  his  history  is  given  in  that  township. 


BUSINESS   DIEECTORY. 


METAMORA. 

Bassett,  P.  M.,  County  Clerk. 
Brown,  W.  P.,  Attorney  at  Law. 

Bos  worth  House,  J  P.  Bosworth, 

Proprietor. 
Bailey,  S.  O.,  Black  and  White  Smith. 
BriggS,  p.  p.,    Undertaker  and    Em- 


balmer. 
Electric  Balm. 


Agent  for     Prof.     Rhodes' 


CaSSell,  W.  J.,  Loan  Agent  and  Note 
Broker. 

Chitty,  Cassell  &  Gibson,  Attor- 
neys at  Law.    Metamora  and  El  Paso. 

EllwOOd,  W.  L.,    Attorney  at    Law 
and  Police  Magistrate. 

Ellis,  Joseph   M.,    Dealer  in   Hard- 
ware. Tinware,  Stoves,  etc. 

Egbert,  S.  W.,  Carpenter  and  Builder. 
PeilitZSCh,    L.     P.,    Attorney      and 

Counselor   at    Law    and    Solicitor   in 

Chancery. 

Garmon,  Gish,   Constable  and    Col- 
lector. 

Kinnear,    A.     H.,     Physician      and 

Surgeon. 

Martin,     Henry,      Carpenter       and 
Builder. 

Mangin,  Emile,  Saloon. 

Noirot  Bros.,  Dealers   in   Hardware, 
Stoves,  Tinware,  Harness,  Saddles,  etc. 

Portman,    Nicholas,    Dealer    in 

G-eneral  Merchandi.«e. 


Page,    J.    W.  &    Co.,    Bankers    and 

Dealers  in  Groceries. 
Page,  AdinO,  Justice  of  the  Peace  and 

(leneral  Collectino'  Agent. 

Page,  S,  S.,  Attorney  at  Law. 

Plank,  Elijah,  Attorney  at  Law. 

Reeder,  Jacob  H.,  Wagon  and  Car- 
riage Maker. 

Sommer,  Jacob,  Dealer  in  Agricul- 
tural Implements. 

SchertZ,  Peter,  Dealer  in  Lumber. 
Grain,  etc.,  Manufacturer  of  Nesmith's 
Champion  Grain  Register. 

Tool,  M.,  Proprietor  Home  Mill. 

Thode,  Geo.,  Clerk  of  the  Circuit 
Court. 

Wernert,  Charles  Th.,  Saloon. 
Woodford  Sentinel,  Geo.  L.  Harl, 

Editor  and    Publisher;    J.   C.  Irving, 
Local   Editor. 

Wikoff,  Isaac,  Banker,  Bookseller, 
News  Dealer,  Druggist,  etc. 

Walden,  T.  D.,  Druggist,  Bookseller, 
News  Dealer  and  Jeweler. 

Whitmire,  J.  W.,  &  Co.,  Physicians 
and  Surgeons. 

EUREKA. 

BriggS  &  Meek,  Attorneys  at  Law 
and  Solicitors  in  Chancery.  Will 
practice  in  all  courts  in  the  State,  ex- 
amine and  perfect  titles,  collect  debts, 
etc. 

n 


662 


BUSINESS  DIRECTORY, 


Chritton,    Robert    B.,   "Eureka 

Steam   Flour   Mills  ;"    Merchaut    and 
Custom  Mills. 

Damerell,  Henry,  The  Sign  of  the 

Big  Red  Boot,  Boot  and  Shoe  Store. 
Boots  and  Shoes  of  all  sizes  and  quali- 
ties for  Ladies,  Misses  and  Children. 
Also,  Slippers  in  great  varieties  ;  as- 
sortment of  the  finest  quality  of 
French  Calf  Boots.  A  fit  guaranteed 
or  no  sale.  Call  and  see  me  before 
purchasing  elsewhere.  Remember  the 
old  stand,  two  doors  north  of  Post 
Office. 
Eureka  Journal,  R-   N.  Radford, 

Editor  and  Proprietor. 

Eureka  Hotel,  A.  Blair,  Proprietor. 
The  only  hotel  in  Eureka.  Accom- 
modations first  class.  Grood  Sample 
Room  for  commercial  men. 

Eureka  College  Messenger,  a 


mouthl}^      periodical. 
Fisher.  Editor. 


Prof      A.    S. 


King,   Omar,   Livery  Stable.     Keeps 
on  hand  good  and  first  class  Carriages  i 
and    Buggies   and   fine   Stock.     Half 
block  west  of  Eureka  Hotel. 

Magarity,  J.  M.,  Drug  Store.  West 
side  of  Public  Square.  The  only  first 
class  Drug  Store  in  the  city  where  can 
be  found  Drugs,  Medicines,  Chemicals, 
Fancy  and  Toilet  Articles,  Soaps, 
Brushes,  Sponges,  Perfumery,  etc.,  etc. 
Physicians'  prescriptions  carefully  com- 
pounded, and  orders  answered  with 
care  and  dispatch.  Farmers  and  physi- 
cians from  the  country  will  find  my 
stock  of  Medicines  complete.  War- 
ranted genuine  and  of  the  best  buality. 

Murray,  J.  M.,  Grain  Dealer. 

Powell,  Jerry,  Manager  Livery 
Stable.  The  most  elegant  Carriages 
and  Bujrgies  and  best  Horses  in  the 
city,  assisted  by  Mr.  Henry  Barney, 
who  has  had  16  years'   experience  in 


the  livery  business.  South  side  of 
the  Public  Square,  opposite  Eureka 
Hotel. 

Vandike  &  Gift,  Proprietors  of  the 
Orient  Mills.  The  best  brands,  Orient 
A.,  Premium  and  New  Process,  Mer- 
chant and  Custom  Mills. 

EL    PASO. 

BuSCh,  C,  Dealer  in  Flour  and  Feed. 

Bank  of  El  Paso,  Shur,  Tompkins  & 
Co. 

Chitty,  Cassell  &  Gibson,  Attor- 
neys at  Law,  El  Paso  and  Metamora. 

Christ  &  Brown,  Manufiicturers  of 
Wagons  and  Carriages.  Repairing  of 
all  kinds  done  promptly  on  short  notice. 
West  Side. 

Cable,  D.  S.,  Dealer  in  Hardware,  Tin- 
ware, Stoves,  &c.  Particular  attention 
given  to  Jobbing  in  Tin,  Sheet  Iron 
and  Copper.  West  Front  St.,  at  Bur- 
lingim's  old  stand. 

Campbell  House,  Geo.  H.  Camp- 
bell, Proprietor.  Trains  stop  at  this 
hotel  for  meals. 

Cavan,  A.  M.,  Attorney  at  Law. 

Cassell,  R.  T.,  Attorney  at  Law. 

Cole,  Frederick,  M.  D.,  Physician 

and  Surgeon. 

El  Paso  Journal,  Irving  Carrier  & 
H.  R.  Coleman,  Editors. 

Ferrell,  B.  F.  &  Co.,  Dealers  in  Dry 
Goods,  Clothing,  Hats  and  Caps,  Boots 
and  Shoes,  &c. 

Gibson,  Geo.  L.,  Dealer  in  Real 
Estate. 

Gingerich,  Daniel,iSaloon. 

Hoagland,  C.  S.,  Insurance  Agent. 

Hoagland,  W.  K.,  Dealer  in  Agri- 
cultural Implements  and  Seeds. 

Harper,  John  T.,  Attorney  at  Law. 


BUSINESS  DIRECTORY. 


663 


Harper  &  Adams^  Real  Estate  and 
Loan  Agents.  Farms  bought  and 
sold.     East  Side. 

E!urz,  Louis,  Manufacturer  and  Dealer 
in  Boots  and  Shoes. 

Jenkins  &  Evans,  Dealers  in  Grain, 

Flour  and  Feed. 

McClelan,  W.  H.,  &  Co.,  Dealers  in 

Grain. 
McKinney,  A.  S.,  Dealer  in  Lumber, 
Lime,  Hair,  Cement,  &c. 

Newton,  S.  S.,  Justice  of  the  Peace. 

Neifing,  Wm.,  Undertaker,  Manu- 
facturer and  Dealer  in  Saddles,  Har- 
ness, &c.,  Front  St. 

O'Brien  &  Co.,  Dealers  in  Farm  Ma- 
chinery, &c. 

Rogers,  S.  T.,  &  Co.,  Dealers  in 
Drugs,  Books,  Stationery,  Notions, 
Toys,  Cigars,  Tobacco,  Newspapers, 
Sheet  Music  and  Musical  Merchandise. 

Riedel,   Charles,    Agent    Cincinnati 

Lager  Beer. 
Shur,  C.  P.,  &  Co.,  Dealers  in  General 

Merchandise. 
Sweet    &    BarfOOt,   Meat    Market, 
East  and  West  Front  sts. 

Servan,  J.  H.,  Dealer  in  Pianos,  Or- 
gans and  Musical  Merchandise. 

Strathmann,  Aug.,  Dealer  in  all 
kinds  of  Furniture.  Latest  styles  of 
Parlor  Suites,  Chamber  Sets,  Dining 
Room  and  Kitchen  Furniture  always 
on  hand.  Also  a  large  stock  of 
Trunks  and  Valises.  Undertaking  a 
Specialty.  Orders  solicited  and  prompt- 
ly jSUed.  Rooms  on  East  and  West 
Sides. 

Schafer,  C,  Dealer  in  General  Mer- 
chandise. 

Woodford  County  Co-opera- 
tive Association,  Dealers  in 
Groceries,  Seeds,  Agricultural  Ma- 
chinery. Shippers  of  Grain,  &c.  C. 
J.  Hitch,  Business  Manager. 


Willis,  W.  R.,  Attorney  at  Law. 

Young,  Geo.  M.,  Freight  and  Ticket 
Agent  Illinois  Central  R.  R.,  Toledo, 
Peoria  &  Warsaw  R.  R.,  National 
Line  and  Star  Union  Line. 

MINONK. 

Bell,  J.  E.  P.,  Justice  of  the  Peace 
and  Insurance  Agent. 

Bell,  John  A.,  General  Agent  Wilson 
Sewing  Machine  ;  also  Dealer  in  Pianos 
and  Organs. 

Barnett  &  Pielstick,  Dealers  in  Dry 
Goods,  Boots  and  Shoes,  Hats,  Caps, 
Notions,  Groceries,  Produce  and  Flour. 

Brown  &  Wylie,  Grain  Dealers  and 

Shippers. 

Clarke,  Thomas  P.,  Proprietor  of 

the  City  Express  and  Passenger  Trans- 
fer Co.  Prompt  attention  given  to 
the  transfer  of  Passengers,  Baggage, 
Freight  and  Team  Work  generally. 
Also  Agent  of  the  American  Express 
Company,  and  Telegraph  Agent. 

Christians,  H.  A.,  Dealer  in  all  kinds 
of  Agriculturel  Implements,  Seeds,  etc. 

Delmonico  Restaurant  and 

Hotel,  Hot  Meals  at  all  hours  ;  Con- 
fectionery, Fresh  Oysters,  Choice 
Brands  of  Cigars  kept  constantly  on 
hand.  John  McKeever,  Prop,  (suc- 
cessor to  0.  S.  Lee). 

DobSOn,  Charles,  &  Co.,  Proprie- 
tors Minonk  Mills  and  Dealers  in  Flour, 
Meal,  Buckwheat,  Graham,  Rye  Flour 
and  all  kinds  of  Mill  Feed.  Cash 
paid  for  Wheat. 

DobSOn,  F.  P.,  Civil  Engineer,  Sioux 
Falls,  Dakota,  is  prepared  to  locate 
Claims,'  do  all  kinds  of  Surveying, 
Platting  and  Mapping.  Roads,  Rail- 
roads and  Bridges  a  specialty.  Office 
in  Post  Office  Building. 


664 


BUSINESS  DIRECTORY. 


Perrin,  H.  K,,  Justice  of  the  Peace, 
Notary  Public,  Collection  and  Fire  In- 
surance Agent.  All  business  intrusted 
to  my  care  will  receive  prompt  atten- 
tion. 

Fort,  J.  M.,  Attorney  at  Law,  Notary 
Public  and  Dealer  in  Real  Estate. 
Editor  and  Proprietor  of  Minonk 
Blade,  and  Publisher  of  Dana  Herald, 
Ransom  Times,  Benson  Argus,  Rvt- 
land  Post  and  Roanoke  News. 

Gilbert,  J.  W.,  Dealer  in  Dry  Goods, 
Fancy  Goods,  Notions,  Clothing,  Boots 
and  Shoes,  etc. 

Goodrich  &  Newton,  Dealers  in 
Lumber,  Shingles,  Lath,  Pickets,  Posts, 
Sash,  Doors  and  Blinds,  Mouldings, 
Hair,  Lime,  Cement,  Stone,  Sand,  etc. 
Office,  opposite  I.  C.  R.  R.  Depot.  All 
Dressed  Lumber  kept  constantly  cov- 
ered in  good  sheds. 

Kipp  &  Gordon,  Dealers  in  Lumber, 
Lath,  Shingles,  Doors,  Sash,  Blinds, 
Mouldings,  Lime,  Sand,  Cement,  Stuc- 
co, Plastering  Hair  and  Drain  Tile. 

Eoethen,  G.,  dealer  in  Books,  News- 
papers, Stationery,  Music  and  Musical 
Instruments,  Paper  Hangings,  Paper 
and  Paper  Stock.     In  Opera  House. 

McCarty,  M.,  Physician  and  Surgeon. 

Morris  &  Sipple,  Carpenters  and 
Builders.  Cabinet  Work  a  specialty. 
Dealers  in  all  kinds  of  Lumber.  Spec- 
ifications furnished  on  application. 
Office  shop,  west  of  Smith's  livery 
stable.     Dealers  in  Paints  of  all  kinds. 

Newell,  M.  L.,  Attorney  at  Law  and 
Notary  Public. 

Preisinger  &  Gay,  Biacksmithing 

and  Wagon  Making.     All    work.   Re- 
pairing, etc.,  done  on  short  notice. 

Pope,  Benjamin,  Meat  Market. 

Sabin,  R.  W.,  Attorney  and  Counselor 
at  Law. 


Simpson,  W.  C,  Attorney  at  Law 
and  Notary  Public. 

Simpson  &  Kidder,  Dealers  in  Dry 
Goods,  Notions,  Boots,  Shoes,  Clothing, 
Hats,  Caps,  Crockery,  Glassware  and 
Groceries.  Ladies'  Fine  Shoes  a  spe- 
cialty. 

Taylor,  William  J.,  Livery  and 
Feed  Stable.  Also  Importer  and 
Breeder  of  fine  Horses. 

Van  Pelt,  C.  J.,  Agent  for  the  Illinois 
Central  R.  R.  at  Minonk. 

Von  Nordheim,  Ed.,  Dealer  in  all 
kinds  of  Clothing,  Dry  Goods,  Gro- 
ceries, Boots  and  Shoes,  etc. 

Webber  House,  R-  L.  Hamilton, 

Proprietor  ;  east  side  Illinois  Central 
Depot.  Good  Sample  Rooms  for  Com- 
mercial Travelers. 

Webber  Bros.  &  Miller,  Dealers 

in  AgTicultural  Implements,  Stoves, 
Hardware,  Tinware,  Wagons  and  Car- 
riages. 

Warren,  G.  S.,  Grain  Dealer.  Grain 
and  Live  Stock  at  Bennett,  Neb. 

Wilcox,  E.  A.,  Physician  and  Sur- 
geon. 

ROANOKE. 

Barney,  Hiram,  Real  Estate  ;  Prop- 
erty for  sale  and  exchange. 

PrantZ,  John,  Dealer  in  General  Mer- 
chandise. Pays  highest  prices  for  alj 
kinds  Country  Produce. 

Hollenback  &  Ricky,  Grain  Buy- 
ers.     Elevator. 

Hatcher  &  Jeter,  Dealers  in  Hard- 
ware, Stoves,  Tinware  and  Agricultural 
Implements. 

Mock,  M.  L.,  Real  Estate,  Insurance, 
Justice  of  the  Peace  and  Notary. 
Represents  New  York  and  Continental 
Life,  Etna,  Hartford,  Phoenix,  etc. ; 
also  Negotiates  Loans. 


BUSINESS   DIRECTORY. 


665 


Snider,  Isaac,  Grist  and  Flouring- 


mil 


Stoddard,     A.     D.,     Carpenter     and 
Builder. 


PANOLA. 

Hodgson,  Edwin,  Breeder  and  Dealer 
in  fine  Norman  and  Clydesdale  Horses. 
Two  miles  north  of  El  Paso,  111. 

Hodgson,  Levi,  Importer  and  Breeder 
of  Norman  Horses.  Imported  and  Grade  ; 
Horses    for    sale,    also    Poland-China 
Hogs.     One  mile  east  of  Panola,  111. 

Myers,  O.  P.  A.,  Dealer  Feeder  and 
Shipper  of  Stock  and  Hogs. 

Miller,  J.  B.,  Dealer  in  Cattle  and 
Hogs,  with  A.  H.  Brubaker. 

Patton,  John  L.,  two  miles  west  of 
Panola,  111.,  Breeder  and  Dealer  in  as 
pure  Poland-China  Hogs  as  can  be  found 
in  the  State,  and  also  in  Short  Horned 
Cattle. 

Raymann,  Louis,  Manufacturer  and 
Dealer  in  all  kinds  of  Harness,  Saddles, 
etc.  Repairing  of  all  kinds  done  in 
the  neatest  manner. 

Schweizer,  John,  Dealer  in  Grro- 
ceries.  Provisions,  Corn  and  all  kinds 
of  Produce. 

Saltsman,  Henry,  has  kept  Hotel 

and  Boarding  House  since  185G,  and 
does  the  Livery  business  of  the  town. 

SwartZ,  Joseph  B.,  Breeder  and 
Dealer  of  Norman  Horses  and  Fine 
Stock. 

Stephenson,  C.  M.,  Secretary  and 
Agent  of  the  County  Mutual  Insur- 
ance Association.  The  farmers'  own 
society.  Residence  two  miles  north 
ofSecor.  P.  0.  Secor. 

Sheen,  Peter,  Dealer  and  Breeder  of 
fine  Farm  and  Carriage  Horses. 


SPRING  BAY. 

Eichhorn,  Peter,  Proprietor  Brew- 
ery. 

Ege,  John,  Carpenter  and  Dealer  in 
Lumber. 

Friedrich,  Ernst,  Miller. 

Koempel,  Jacob,  Manufacturer  and 
Dealer  in  Boots  and  Shoes.  Repair- 
ing neatly  done. 

Scheerer,  Casper,  Wagon  Maker. 

Williams,  L.,  Grain  Buyer. 
Zeller,  J.,  Physician  and  Surgeon. 

CRUCER. 

Harlan,  J.  N.,  Grain  and  Stock  Dealer. 
Schreiber,  F.  J.,  Dealer  in  Groceries, 
Dry  Goods,  Hardware,  etc. 

KAPPA. 

Jaynes,  James,  Dealer  in  Grain. 
Lallmann,  George,  Dealer  in    Gen- 
eral Merchandise. 

BENSON. 

Abrahams  &  Zinser,  Dealers  in 

Hardware,  Stoves  and  Farm  Imple- 
ments, Seeds,  &c.  Manufacturers  of 
Tin,  Copper  and  Sheet  Iron  Ware. 

Austman,  L.  A.,  Physician  and  Sur- 
geon. 

AvaS,  John,  Breeder  of  Fine  Horses. 
Norman  and  Belgian  a  Specialty.  Res- 
idence, Section  36,  Clayton  Township.. 
P.  0.  Benson. 

Brubaker,  A.  H.,  Buys,  Sells  and 
Ships  Corn,  Hogs  and  Cattle. 

Cavan,  O.  A.,  Proprietor  of  Hotel  and 

Livery. 
Cavan  Brothers,  Dealers  in  all  kinds 

of    Grain,    Lumber,    Lath,    Shingles, 

Sash,  Doors,   Hair,  Lime  and  Cement. 

Also    Vermilion   Coal  by  the   Ton   or 

Carload. 


666 


BUSINESS  DIRECTORY, 


Pritze,  George  &  Co.,  Dealers  in 
Grain,  Lumber,  Coal  and  Agricultural 
Implements. 

Heinke,  Henry,  Jr.,  Proprietor  of 

the  Farmers'  Home  Billiard  Hall  and 
Sample  Room.  Also  Agent  for  the 
Peoria  German  Demokrat.  Brick 
Block. 

Learned,  F.  D.,  Dealer  in  Drugs, 
Paints,  Oils,  Groceries,  School  and 
Miscellaneous  Books,  Wall  Paper,  No- 
tions. Physicians'  Prescriptions  care- 
fully prepared.  Justice  of  the  Peace, 
Notary  Public  and  Insurance  Agent. 

Henne,  J.  B.,  Justice  of  the  Peace  and 
Notary  Public,  Real  Estate,  Collecting 
and  General  Insurance  Agent.  Also 
Dealer  in  Farm  Implements  and  Stone 
Coal.     Also  General  Auctioneer. 

Slemmons,  D.  McI.,  Physician  and 
Surgeon. 

Zinser,  B.  F.,  Agent  for  the  Conti- 
nental Ptre  Insurance  Co.,  of  N.  Y. 
Assets  over$  3,000,000.  Surplus  nearly 
$1,000,000. 

Wineteer,  R,  F.,  Live  Stock  Dealer 
and  Feeder.  Flowing  Well  Farm, 
three  miles  west  of  Minonk,  Woodford 
County,  Illinois. 

WORTH. 

Bauer,    Peter,    Dealer   in    Groceries, 
Notions  and  Small  Wares.     Sec.  21. 

Alig,    Peter,     Proprietor    of     Union 
House.     Sec.  27. 

Trapp,  P.  Frank,  Proprietor  of  the 
"Germantown  House."     Sec.  29. 


LOW  POINT. 

Drennen,  David,  Dealer  in  Agricul- 
tural Iniplenients.  All  kinds  of  First 
Class  Farm  Machinery  for  sale. 


Pinkerton,  Oscar,  Tile  Manufac- 
turer. The  best  quality  of  Assorted 
Sizes  of  Tile  constantly  on  hand  and  for 
sale.     Established  in  1878. 

Dodds,  John  E.,  Dealer  in  Groceries, 
Dry  Goods,  Hardware,  Queensware, 
Ready  Made  Clothing,  Boots  and  Shoes, 
Hats  and  Caps,  Drugs  and  Medicines. 
Country  Produce  taken  in  exchange 
for  Goods.  Marion  Patton,  Business 
Manager  and  Salesman. 

Ellsworth,  L.  H.,  Wagon  Maker  and 
Blacksmith.  Machinery,  Guns,  Pistols 
and  Clocks  repaired. 

Piper,  James,  Grain  and  Live  Stock 
Buyer.     Lumber  and  Coal  for  sale. 

Drennen,  Thomas,  Notary  Public, 

Insurance  and  Collection  Agent.  Col- 
lections given  prompt  and  careful  atten- 
tion, and  proceeds  remitted  promptly. 

Gardner,  JairUS,  Brick  Manufac- 
turer. Yard  four  miles  west  of  Low 
Point,  on  Chillicothe  road.  A  good 
quality  of  Brick  constantly  on  hand 
and  for  sale.      Residence  at  Low  Point. 

CAZENOVIA. 

Amsler,  Samuel,  Dealer  in  Dry 
Goods,  Groceries,  Clothing,  Boots,  Shoes, 
Hats,  Caps,  Hardware,  Queensware  and 
Drugs.  The  highest  market  price  paid 
for  Country  Produce. 

Perry,  Paul  J,  (Postmaster),  Harness 
Maker  and  Breeder  of  Fine  Poultry. 

WASHBURN. 

Bruce,  S.  C,  Editor  and  Proprietor  of 
Washburn  News.  Job  Work  neatly 
done. 

Aicher,  Benedickt,  Proprietor  of 
Central  House.  Also,  Dealer  in  Gro- 
ceries. The  Central  House  is  located 
a  short  distance  from  the  depot,  with 
clean,  airy  rooms,  and  will  be  found  a 
lileusant  resort  for  travelers. 


BUSINESS  DIRECTORY, 


667 


Rockhill,  C,  &  Co.,  Dealers  in  Gro- 
ceries and  Queensware.  Good  assort- 
ment always  on  hand. 

Pelz,  Reinhold,  Harness  Maker, 
Manufacturer  and  Dealer  in  Saddles  and 
Harness,  Collars,  Blankets,  Whips,  Cur- 
ry Combs,  Brushes,  Fly  Nets,  etc. 

Jones,  S.  v..  Lawyer,  Insurance  and 
Collection  Agent. 

Hutchison,  Joseph  A.,  Blacksmith 
and  Wagon  Maker. 

lunker,    August,    Miller.      Custom 
Work  done  to  order.      Flour  and  Meal 
for  sale. 

Black,  J.  M.,  &  Co.,  Dealers  in  Lum- 
ber, Lath,  Sash,  Doors,  Blinds,  Lime 
and  Cement,  Builders'  Hardware,  Nails, 
etc.     Live  Stock  bought. 

Pelz,  Herman  J.,  Druggist  and 
Apothecary.  Also,  Dealer  in  all  kinds 
of  Books  and  Stationery,  Paints,  Oils, 
Brushes,  etc.,  etc.  Also,  Proprietor  of 
the  following  Standard  Preparations : 
The  American  Cough  Syrup,  The  Amer- 
ican Standard  Stomach  Bitters,  The 
American  Standard  Blood  and  Liver 
Pills,  The  American  Standard  Liniment, 
The  American  Standard  Gin. 

Washburn  Bank  of  Frank  N.  Ire- 
land ;  receives  Deposits,  makes  Collec- 
lections,  loans  Money,  sells  Ocean  Pas- 
saire  Tickets,  Sight  Drafts  on  the  Princi- 
pal  Cities  of  the  United  States  and  Eu- 
rope.    General  Insurance  Agency. 


Black's  Hall,  in  Black's  brick  block. 
Seating  capacity,  500.  Terms  reason- 
able.    John  M.  Black,  Proprietor. 

Ehringer  &  Eichhorn,  Manufac- 
turers and  Dealers  in  Furniture  of  all 
kinds.  Also,  Coffins,  Caskets,  and 
everything  in  the  Undertaker's  line, 
including  an  elegant  Hearse  for  funeral 
purposes.     Established  June,  1878. 

McCuUoch,  S.  W.,  Grain  Buyer  and 
Dealer  in  Coal. 


MISCELLANEOUS. 

Chapman,  R.  U.,  Dr.,  Physician 
and  Surgeon  ;  home  and  office  on  his 
farm,  three  miles  west  of  Kappa,  El 
Paso    Tp. 

Cole,  Warren,  Manufacturer  of 
Creamery,  Butter,  and  full  Cream 
Cheese  ;  Sec.  36  ;  Clayton  Township, 
Woodford,  111. 

Ramey,  G.  W.,  Dealer  in  Dry  Goods, 
Groceries,  Boots,  Shoes,  Clothing, 
Hats,  Caps,  Hardware,  and  in  fact 
most  articles  kept  in  country  stores. 
Country  produce  taken  in  exchange 
for  goods.  Store  located  at  Ramey- 
ville,  on  the  river  road  three  milse 
east  of  Chillicothe. 

Tribbey,  P.  L.,  Dr.,  Physician  and 

Surgeon  ;    Secor. 

Wallace,  John,  Stock  Dealer,  very 
extensively  for  many  years.  Wash- 
burn, 111. 


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PERSONAL   PROPERTY. 


ITEMIS. 


Horses  of  all  ages '  11009 

Cattle  of  all  ages 17992 

Mules  and  Asses  of  all  ages |  450 

Sheep  of  all  ages \  "  3977 

Ilogs  of  all  ages j  45301 


Steam  Engines,  including  Boilers 

Fire  or  Burglar-l'roof  Safes 

Billiard,  Pigeon  Hole.  Bagatelle,  or  other  similar  Tables 

Carriages  and  Wagons  of  whatsoever  kind 

Watches  and  Clocks 

Sewing  or  Knitting  Machines 

Pian 0  Fort es 

Melodeons  and  Organs 

Annuities  and  Royalties 

Merchanilise  on  hand 

Material  and  Manufactured  Articles  on  hand 

Manufacturers'    Tools,    Implements   and    Machinery    (other   than    Engines   and 

Boilers) 

Agricultural  Tools,  Implements  and  Machinery 

Gold  and  Silver  Plate  and  Plated  Ware 

Diamonds  and  Jewelry 

Moneys  of  Bank,  Banker,  Broker  or  Stock  Jobber 

Credits  of  Bank,  Banker,  Broker  or  Stockjobber 

Moneys  of  other  than  Bank,  Banker,  Broker  or  Stock  Jobber 

Credits  of  other  than  Bank,  Banker,  Broker  or  Stock  Jobber 

Bonds  and  Stocks 

Property  of  Companies  and  Corporations  other  than  hereinbefore  enumerated 

Property  of  Saloons  and  Eating  Houses 

Household  or  Office  Furniture  and  Property 

Investments  in  Real  Estate  ami  Improvements  thereon 

All  other  Personal  Property  required  to  be  listed 


Assessed  Val. 


Total  value  of  Personal  Property., 


$361018 

224152 

16349 

5100 

102739 

775 

2855 

693 

87238 

9342 

28379 

6184 

11067 

512 

196823 


3033 

88238 

335 

110 

12030 

9147 

159594 

222350 

100 

390 

2907 

110695 

11381 

131734 


$1808578 


LANDS. 

No.  of  Acres. 

Av.  Val.  Per  Acre. 

roved  Lands  

273789 
62786 

$18  52 
5  24 

5070618 

nproved  Lands 

328965 

Total  Value  of  Lands 

$5399583 

TOWN  AND  CITY  LOTS. 

No.  of  Lots.     1    Average  "Value. 

Improved  Town  and  City  Lots 

4162                $159  53 
2336                   12  43 

$668963 
29036 

Unimproved  Town  and  City  Lots 

Total  Value  of  Town  and  City  Lots 

$692999 

PBOPERTT  BELONGING  TO  RAILKOADS. 

Lands  other  than  "Railroad  Track"  17.17  acres 

Personal  Property  other  than  "  Rolling  Stock  " 


Total  Value  of  all  Property  as  assessed. 


$155 
230 


$7901545 


Acres  of  Wheat 9301 

Acres  of  Corn 125429 

Acres  of  Oats 32739 

Acres  of  Meadow 25705 


Acres  of  other  Field  Products. 

Acres  of  Inclosed  Pasture 

Aci'es  of  Orchard 

Acres  of  Wood  Land 


.  7374 
.40369 
.  2970 
.63243 


